Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tourism linkages'

Purpose of this study is to holistically analyze existing linkages between Aruba's tourism industry, restaurants and local farmers, by examining strategies that constrain the development of linkages between these stakeholders. Previous research indicated that tourism development is often accompanied with increased demand for imported food, which results in foreign exchange leakages, inflation and competition with local production. This phenomenon is very common in the Caribbean, where Aruba, with its heavy reliance on imported goods and services, is no exception to this occurrence. To comprehend potential problems associated with linking both sectors, these in-depth case study addresses three fundamental questions: a) what is the structure of supply and demand of food for the tourism industry of Aruba?, and b) what factors constrain the development of linkages between international tourism and Aruba's local agriculture? Using an exploratory and stochastic methodological approach, data will be obtained from structured surveys from three different stakeholders in the food supply chain of Aruba. Anticipated findings illustrate that the existing linkage between the tourism industry and agriculture in Aruba is still weak, yet the food consumption and preferences by tourists can contribute in enhancing an eco-gastronomic tourism supply chain.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Dean's Office, Education
Education and Human Performance
Education; Hospitality Education

This research develops a theoretical framework explaining how University-Industry Linkages (UILs) affect the performance of tourism clusters in Thailand. Significant external and internal factors affecting Thai tourism industry are examined. The research questions are significant given the importance of successful tourism cluster through University-Industry Linkages (UIL). These questions recognized tourism clusters, the role of university, the linkages between university and industry, influential factors are contextual, and as a result, the author explores four tourism clusters in Thailand and using multiple case studies explains the nature and character of tourism cluster and University-Industry Linkages (UILs) between tourism cluster and its universities. The findings demonstrated that UILs, strategic entrepreneurship and leadership play key role to successful tourism cluster in developing countries.

Post structuralist research is increasingly influencing environmental knowledge – feminist/post-colonial authors have led the path for incorporating subjective and lived experiences of human-nature interactions into environmental discourses. In India's southern context, however, environmental literature, policy and governance are still dominated by structuralist discourses; hence wider environmental knowledge and governance remain detached from everyday life. Using a theoretical framework of "sustainable development" and "ecological citizenship", this PhD aims to rectify this literature gap through a qualitative analysis of agri-tourism in Maharashtra. Within peri-urban Mumbai and Pune, industrialization and urbanization are transforming the agrarian landscape. Although urbanization is displacing farmers from cultivation, it is also creating new opportunities through markets, education, employment and connectivity. These contribute to agriculture's transformation into serving multiple roles beyond food production – towards higher levels of multifunctionality. Agri-tourism is a form of agricultural multifunctionality. Farm owners provide urban visitors with accommodation, activities and entertainment on their privately owned farms. As a rural service, agri-tourism provides urban visitors a flavour of rural life and culture through recreation, farming activities and rural products. While revenue and jobs are created, there are also new opportunities for rural and urban interactions and environmental learning. Even though the news-media often portrays agri-tourism as "sustainable" and a low impact alternative to mainstream tourism, these claims have not been tested on the ground. Through fieldwork in three agri-tourism farms, this research unpacks how sustainability is interpreted in agri-tourism. It analyses how agri-tourism stakeholders (farm owners, urban visitors, employees and villagers) perceive notions of environmental responsibility and entitlements in the farm. Using narratives from over eighty semi-structured interviews, the analysis draws wider connections with neo-liberal policies in India. The study concludes that the most significant factor in shaping people's attitudes and values towards the environment is how they perceive "rurality" and "urbanization" in everyday life.

This thesis looks at the potential for using tourism as a poverty alleviation strategy in the context of Vietnam and the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). The theoretical basis for this research stems for the growing recognition within development rhetoric of the place of tourism as a key industry in many developing nations, and the formation of a Pro-Poor Tourism (PPT) approach. The fieldwork section of this thesis looks at the barriers and opportunities for those in the poorer communities of Lang Co, a small town on the cental east coast of Vietnam, to supply the burgeoning tourism industry with locally produced products that are compatible with their current livelihood strategies. Results show that there are many opportunities for the poor to benefit from the rapidly growing tourism industry in Vietnam and the region. There is a strong recognition of tourism in national and regional development strategies, there is a rich cultural, environmental and social context driving the tourism industry and there are several initiatives taking place, such as the Vietnamese National Tourism Law, which include many elements of pro-poor tourism principles. However, this thesis has found many barriers also prevent poorer people from benefiting from tourism. In the case of Lang Co, the poor were often limited in their ability to participate in the industry by debt and lack of access to credit, lack of education and training opportunities, a declining natural resource base and by a lack of awareness and participation in the planning of the tourism industry. More widely, the tourism industry is centrally driven and focused on high growth and large infrastructure type developments which in some cases conflict with the principles of PPT and the ability of people at the ground level to participate. This research highlights the complexity of attempting to use tourism as a poverty reduction strategy given the wide range of stakeholders involved and various levels involved the planning and implementation of the tourism industry. The potential applicability of a concept of pro-poor tourism in a rapidly changing context such as Vietnam is contingent of the ability of the poor to have influence on an industry which is having an increasing effect on their lives and livelihoods.

In this study, we examine the dynamic relationship between tourism growth and economic growth, using a newly introduced spillover index approach. Based on monthly data for 10 European countries over the period 1995-2012, our analysis reveals the following empirical regularities. First, the tourism-economic growth relationship is not stable over time in terms of both magnitude and direction, indicating that the tourism-led economic growth (TLEG) and the economic-driven tourism growth (EDTG) hypotheses are time-dependent. Second, the aforementioned relationship is also highly economic event-dependent, as it is influenced by the Great Recession of 2007 and the ongoing Eurozone debt crisis that began in 2010. Finally, the impact of these economic events is more pronounced in Cyprus, Greece, Portugal and Spain, which are the European countries that have witnessed the greatest economic downturn since 2009. Plausible explanations of these results are provided and policy implications are drawn. (authors' abstract)

博士
國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作系所
97
Tourism has been promoted as a rural development strategy in many countries. In Costa Rica, this has been done through a network of private and public organizations that support community-based tourism in rural areas. The first objective of this research was to analyze how embedding grassroots organizations in support networks may overcome some of the limitations encountered in the practice of rural tourism. Network theory is used to explain the rationale behind the development and implementation of these networks. The contribution of tourism to the well-being of rural residents involves the development of economic linkages. The second objective of this research is to analyze local economic linkages surrounding a community-based tourism (CBT) project in rural Costa Rica. Through a case study of two tourism-specific grassroots support organizations (GROs), it was found that support networks directly tackle some of the common problems faced by rural inhabitants in the practice of tourism, which are lack of essential skills, high development costs, and the dominance of mass tourism operators. Although the supported GROs are receiving tourists and revenues, there is no evidence that support networks solve the problems of low employment and income. Additionally, a qualitative case study of local economic linkages showed that CBT in Costa Rica does not involve the collective property of the community, but instead, the collective property of a group of community members organized in a formal association. As a result of this, a discourse on local economic linkages has been promoted by CBT support organizations. In this discourse, hopes for wider benefits from CBT are placed on small linkages to services and products to be provided by local inhabitants. Nevertheless, data from this case study shows that the economic linkages generated by CBT in the community were sporadic and polyvalent. Furthermore, the linkages between CBT and agriculture are negatively affected by scale and seasonality, which results in leakages out of the community. Practitioners should be aware that CBT may only have small scale positive impacts on the local economy.

There remain vast knowledge gaps in the global south as to how tourism will affect climate change and vice versa. Recent extreme weather events in southern Africa attributed to climate variability and change have led to speculation that, the Victoria Falls, is under threat from climate change. This research was aimed at examining the two-way linkage between tourism and climate change. The research adopted a pragmatism paradigm in a mixed-method case study. A number of research techniques were used to investigate the problem, namely: an online survey (n=427), secondary data analysis, field observation and interviews. Data analysis was done making use of Mann-Kendall Trend Analysis, QuestionPro analytics, Microsoft Excel Analysis Toolpak, Tools from ArcMap 10.3.1 and SPSS 24. Content analysis and thematic analysis was used to analyse secondary and interview data respectively. It emerged that the Victoria Falls is experiencing climate change, which resulted in statistically significant increase in temperature over the past 40 years of between 0.3°C and 0.75°C per decade. However, no significant changes in rainfall were noted, although there has been a seasonal shift in average rainfall onset. Weather extremes and annual rainfall point to increased occurrence and severity of extreme years of droughts and wetting which has in turn also affected waterflow regime at the waterfalls. The changes have a negative impact on wildlife, tourists, and tourism business in the area. The study also revealed that tourism is an equally significant driver of climate change through carbon emissions throughout its value chain. Carbon emissions from tourism value chain are set to increase in the foreseeable future despite efforts of going green by the industry owing to exponential growth of the industry. There is, therefore, a need for the industry to adapt, mitigate and intensify green tourism efforts to achieve sustainability. The study further suggests that there is a need for better communication and education to build resilience and capacity for the tourism industry to deal with climate change. Further research is suggested to ascertain the tourism threshold for the area, impact of climate change on wildlife and basin changes that led to water flow increase in the Zambezi River.
Environmental Sciences
Ph. D. (Environmental Management)

Tourism is widely acknowledged as a key economic sector that has the potential to contribute to national and local development and, more specifically, to serve as a mechanism to promote poverty alleviation and pro-poor development within a particular locality, especially in rural areas. However, even though the poverty alleviation strategies and programmes in Malaysia have been acclaimed as a success by United Nation Development Programme (UNDP), many problems and challenges remain– new forms of poverty, including single female-headed households, the rural elderly and unskilled workers, have emerged as a result of rapid economic growth. As the focus of this dissertation is pro-poor tourism, though, it is the nature of linkages between tourism and the local economy that are critical – rather than just the aggregate size of the tourism sector. This research was undertaken in a protected area, Setiu Wetland, Terengganu, on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, where there is a relatively high incidence of poverty. It contributes to the debate on the impacts of tourism on the poor by critically analysing the linkages in the value chains between the tourism sector and local economic activities. Value chain analysis allows the researcher to pinpoint who the poor are, where they are, and impediments and obstacles to their participation in the supply chain. This study will help to fill this gap in the literature by specifically considering this relationship using tourism value chain analysis for poverty alleviation. This research explores two sectors in the local economy – fishing and handicrafts – using value chain analysis to see to what extent they link into tourism development and to what extent they are able to contribute to poverty alleviation. The focus of the case study is on local poor people, but does not exclude other stakeholders. In this context, a case study methodology has been employed and a mix-method approach was chosen in which distribution of questionnaires to the local households especially the poor and tourists, and also interviews with key stakeholders i.e. the local government authority, NGOs, accommodation representatives, and value chain (fishing and handicrafts) actors at every level were conducted for the research. The results indicate that the conceptual framework of Value Chain Analysis developed for this research suggests the following. Firstly, delivering poverty alleviation impact at scale means helping poor people engage with the tourism market directly and indirectly, especially with mainstream tourism rather than following the more orthodox approach of community based tourism ventures which invariably remain small and often fail to produce liveable incomes. This was generated from the analysis of mapping where the poor were involved and interacted in the tourism system. Evidence from the fieldwork revealed that the poor can benefit from tourism in the role of workers such as producers, (and in many cases of more than five product), and as owners of family-based tourism ventures. The success of the fishing and handicrafts supply chains in Setiu is due to an active private sector, supportive and progressive government policies, community cooperatives and service providers – a model for linking such sectors into tourism. Secondly, is the identification of interventions/entry points to effectively apply tourism as a tool for rural poverty alleviation. This was developed based on the opportunities and constraints arising from value chain mapping that identified so-called ‘entry pressure points’ where factors in the two sectors could maximize the benefits that they could generate from their businesses. In this context upgrading the linkages between the two sectors (fisheries and handicrafts) and tourism-related demand is necessary as mainstreaming interventions. Value chain mapping also clearly identified, related gender issues and the role of women in Setiu Wetlands in the two supply chains. Among the poor in many societies and countries, women make a major contribution to family welfare and income: where value chain analysis contributes to our understanding of this common-place phenomenon is the way in which it is able to move from the generalized statement to specific measurements of their inputs. As the first study of its kind in Malaysia, the application of value chain analysis to communities living in and around a Protected Area utilizing the wetlands resources to explore the linkages between the fisheries and handicrafts sectors to tourism, and challenging to some extent the orthodox approach to community based tourism and poverty alleviation, in effect breaks new ground both conceptually and empirically.

This research concerns a study of trade liberalisation and economic integration in the ASEAN region due to the formation and potential formation of AFTA/AEC, WTO, CP (TPP) and RCEP using SITC two-digit level export data employing theoretically grounded and empirically proven general equilibrium gravity framework. This empirical research examined the interrelationship between export trade, on one side, and FDI, tourism and environment externalities. It estimated the impact of the aforementioned RTAs including AEC formation, particularly regarding, (i) traditional trade determinants, 'behind the border' 'beyond the border' constraints, 'home bias' and 'globalization puzzles' (ii) trade creation and trade diversion effects of RTAs, (iii) complementarity/substitution effects between FDI and/or tourism, and export trade, (iv) comparative/competitive advantages across industries, and (v) carbon leakage, renewable energy , and infrastructure and institutions. The study was conducted using SFA, RE, FE and PPML gravity models for the 10 members of ASEAN and over 250 importing countries for the period 1995-2016 using two ten-year windows and a third one for the entire data. The ASEAN region has been grouped to three sub-regions based on stages of economic development of its member countries: the original five plus Vietnam (ASEAN6), the LDCs members (ASEAN3) and Brunei Darussalam (ASEAN1). The findings identified exports from the ASEAN regions major export destinations were other developing countries, except exports from SITC 3 and 5 were exports predominantly destined to developed countries. Membership in AFTA, CP (TPP), RCEP and WTO had trade creation effects, and limited trade diversion effects. ASEAN3 and ASEAN1 tended to be regional oriented whereas ASEAN6 was more multilaterally oriented. For ASEAN6 and ASEAN1, FDI/tourism was complementary in labour-intensive primary sectors. On the other side, for ASEAN3, FDI/tourism was complementary in manufactures, in addition. Carbon emissions caused negative externalities, and renewables are at embryonic stage in the region. Hence, the findings suggest integrating these results in policy decisions contribute to designing targeted public policies, and contribute to sustainable economic growth.

碩士
國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
100
This thesis computes the cost efficiency of international tourist hotels (ITHs) in Taiwan and analyzes how environmental indicators affect the cost efficiency. This study collects variety of operating data of international the tourist hotels in Taiwan from 1998 to 2009 from the Annual Tourist Hotels Operational Analysis Report that published by Taiwan Tourism Bureau. The data of regional environment quality are collected from Taiwan Environment Data Warehouse. This study first uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) for computing cost efficiency and then applies the truncated regression to investigate the impact of environmental indicators of cost efficiency, which is namely the two-stage DEA-regression method. The empirical results indicate that the density of pungent air pollutants such as O3 and SO2 have significantly negative impacts on the cost efficiency of ITHs in Taiwan. However, the high volume of disposal and low trash recycle rate, reflecting the regional business activit intensity, positively enhance the ITH cost efficiency.

碩士
中原大學
室內設計研究所
106
Abstract Taitung has been islandized from the rest of Taiwan for its outbound traffic being as inconvenient as that of a remote island, leaving Taitung under development along with the impressions of wasteland. And, however, such islandization has kept Taitung’s natural landscape well-preserved, for which Taitung has in recent years gradually gained the spotlight and considered as one of Taiwan’s major areas with tourism and leisure potential. Considering the railway systems, namely Hualien-Taitung Railway and South Link Railway, are still under improvement, along with the cost-and-time-consuming land transportation between Taipei and Taitung, any tour in the eastern region of Taiwan, especially for those scheduled for two or more days, will still heavily rely on air transportation. Taitung Airport, positioned as the main portal for Hualien and Taitung tourism, can provide the necessary linkage to the whole Taiwan, including Green Island and Orchid Island. However, despite some recent efforts in facility expansion and reinforcement for better passenger experience, the airport has been losing passengers since the air ticket price started rising and making tourists turn to alternative means of transport. Taitung Airport needs further improvement to deal with the situation. Taitung Airport - while positioning itself as the gateway and starting point of the sightseeing road network in the eastern region to facilitate the traveling between the eastern and western regions - can further establish itself as a multi-purposed leisure transfer station to serve more people by developing and coupling its surrounded area to Taitung’s local leisure business, becoming more than just an airport with passenger-friendlily environment. For such, a proper developing model can be resulted from case-study of several successful practices such as Bali Ngurah Rai International Airport, Japan''s Naha airport, Dongshan rest stop, and Nantou rest stop, and Qingshui rest stop, by which the airport is expected to provide a series of services and facilities such as transportation advisory service, local cuisine restaurants, local specialty stores, local artists performing shows, bicycle rental and maintenance service, bike tourists stay hotels, tourism and leisure tourist information centers, B & B booking service, and local culture marketing centers. According to Doubling Visitor Arrivals Plan, one of the investing projects planed in the Executive Yuan''s "Challenge 2008 - National Development Plan", Taitung is to transit itself from a Grade-1 industry area to Grade-3 leisure industry using its profundity in human, natural, and industrial resources. Specifically, Taitung will try to transfer itself into a leisure urban area welcoming slow bicycle tours with its ecotourism developed under a project named "Implementing Bicycle Road Network In The Eastern Region", in which a bicycle road network will be implemented to link the tourist attractions and tourism leisure facilities together to stimulate and cultivate new industrial development trend and cultural tourism style.

碩士
朝陽科技大學
休閒事業管理系碩士班
89
Located in the very first century with globalize, uni-frontier world, consumer again start to emphasize on gaining the quality of the consumed products. Less professional domain know-how knowledge, the price is always an indicator or an extreme view examined through out the quality and value of product itself. Are there any rules or relationships between high price and quality? Mostly, it does, but not all of them. This study tested causal connections among perceived price, quality, value and also showed the behavior of different tourism and factors that influences on the decisions of tourist. This report followed the means-ends theory (Zeithaml,1998) and service quality model(Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry,1988) and used the predictive validity of the price-related constructs (Lichtenstein, Ridgway and Netemeyer, 1993). We employed a structural equation modeling approach to investigate relations between price, quality, value and intention to revisit and used the maximum likelihood estimation. The key findings of this article are the support for the theorized role of percieved value. First, the data support that there exists a positive link between perceived price and the tourist’s perception of that good’s quality. Second, the direct paths from perceived price to perceived value and revisit intenetion were not significant for tourist, the indirect and total effects were significant.Third, the positive linkage between perceived quality and perceived value was support by the reported data that tourist agrees on gaining perceived quality will contribute to perceived value. This shows the feeling of all quality will direct to the agreement of all value. Fourth, the positive link between perceived value and revisit intenetion that shows gaining high quality of services will lead to potential revisit.

碩士
國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
100
This study analyzes how regional public transport facilities and medical services affect the efficiency of international tourist hotels. First, we adopt data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure the cost efficiency of international tourist hotels in Taiwan during 1998 to 2009. Next, we use the truncated regression suggested by Simar and Wilson (2007) to estimate the effect of traffic convenience (such as distance to public transport facilities and pick-up service) and medical services (such as distance to hospital, the number of hospitals, and the number of medical personnel per ten thousand) on cost efficiency. The results show that distance to international airports and distance to MRT station have significantly negative effects on cost efficiency of international tourist hotels, while the distance to the freeway exit, distance to bus station, and pick-up service have significantly positive impact on their cost efficiency. With respect to medical services, the shorter distance to the hospital and more hospitals in a region significantly improve cost efficiency. In addition, hotels operating in the chain system and with shorter operating year have higher cost efficiency.

碩士
國立成功大學
都市計劃學系碩博士班
94
As the developing of the tourism, the cities which have high value on history have become the focal points of the global tourism, therefore, the preservation of tourist attractions have become more and more important, and cause the tourism become most important industry which supports and needs the living. However, if tourist city lack of whole planning, "over-development " would cause the vanish and exhaustion of the traditional culture and the environment resource, and thus the historical landscape would have to face the crises of vanish；Relatively, "over- preservation "would cause these problems no longer matches to live need and worrying to make historic landscape becomes single industry specialty area that only as tourist attraction. Two extrem tourist city effect cause the contradiction between preservation and development, Even result in stray that the tourist city replacing the life city. "What is a good tourist city ? " is the most important substance . This research according to the Lynch’s theory – Good City Form , and takes exploration, discovery, and inductive logic as the direction to find a balance between preservation and tourism development . Furthermore, according to logistical concept from judgment to practice, to think the developing pattern of the tourist city, and to bring up a linkage concept of "New Society Contract". To promote the city have the condition of "tourism" and "life " existing together, and hoping the balanced relation of “preservation” and “development” to arrive at the vision of sustainable tourism.