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1
Cousin, Saskia. "Le « tourisme culturel », un lieu commun ambivalent1." Anthropologie et Sociétés 30, no. 2 (February 28, 2007): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014118ar.
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Résumé Cet article examine les discours et les valeurs professionnelles construits en France à propos du tourisme culturel. On observe les interactions entre des personnes pour qui le « tourisme culturel » constitue un espace commun de travail ou de confrontation : des agents des institutions culturelles et touristiques nationales et locales, des responsables associatifs et des opérateurs privés. Ces acteurs rejouent le divorce historique entre tourisme et culture, en opposant privé et public, commerce et culture, rentabilité et démocratisation. Cependant, dans notre enquête, ceux qui défendent les valeurs de l’efficacité commerciale sont, pour la plupart, les responsables institutionnels de villes qui n’intéressent peu ou pas l’industrie touristique. Tout se passe comme si la référence permanente au marché était, pour eux, un moyen de trouver une légitimité en invoquant un ordre de valeur posé comme distinct de celui de la culture, alors même que cet ordre n’est, a priori, pas le leur.
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Canesse, Aude-Annabelle. "Rachid Amirou, Imaginaire du tourisme culturel. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 2000, 155 p., bibliogr., index." Anthropologie et Sociétés 26, no. 2-3 (2002): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/007088ar.
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Cherubini, Bernard. "Réévaluer la place de l’Aquitaine dans le tourisme de mémoire transatlantique (France, Québec, Acadie) : des voyages des associations de familles-souches aux circuits patrimoniaux." Études, no. 30 (March 4, 2019): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1056919ar.
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L’Aquitaine est restée en retrait de la dynamique des échanges entre la France et le Québec, et avec l’Acadie, lors des commémorations de la fondation de l’Acadie en 2004 et de Québec en 2008, tandis que la région Poitou-Charentes impulsait de nouveaux projets patrimoniaux et de mise en valeur touristique des lieux de mémoire. Concevoir un circuit touristique rural ou urbain au-delà d’une ligne Royan-Angoulême présente toutefois l’avantage d’ouvrir un débat riche d’échanges, d’idées et de confrontations au sein des milieux professionnels du tourisme, du patrimoine et de l’inventaire des lieux de mémoire, peu concernés jusqu’à présent par les migrations des familles souches vers la Nouvelle-France. La ville de Bordeaux vient toutefois de créer les « Chemins du Québec à Bordeaux ». De possibles extensions de ces circuits patrimoniaux en direction du Blayais et de la vallée de la Dordogne sont aussi envisagées, à l’image de ceux du Béarn, autour du baron de Saint-Castin. L’ingénierie des chemins de mémoire doit pouvoir profiter de l’impulsion apportée par les rassemblements de familles-souches, par le développement d’un tourisme domestique intéressé par les collectes de mémoire, du patrimoine culturel immatériel.
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Gauchon, Christophe. "Les gorges de l’Ardèche et la grotte Chauvet." Téoros 28, no. 1 (May 6, 2014): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024839ar.
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Depuis les années 1950, les gorges de l’Ardèche, à l’ouest de la vallée du Rhône, sont devenues une destination majeure du tourisme de nature dans le sud de la France : la navigation en canoë s’est imposée comme une pratique massive, une route ouverte sur la rive nord offre de nombreux points de vue et une réserve naturelle a été créée en 1980. En décembre 1994, la découverte de la grotte Chauvet et de ses magnifiques ensembles de peintures rupestres datées de plus de 30 000 ans a modifié radicalement le paysage touristique : la grotte Chauvet s’ouvre en effet juste en face du célèbre pont d’Arc, à l’entrée même des gorges, là où la concentration des touristes était déjà la plus grande et la plus problématique. Certes, la grotte elle-même n’est pas ouverte aux visiteurs et elle ne le sera peut-être jamais pour des raisons de conservation. Mais on est passé de façon tout à fait inopinée et imprévisible d’une destination touristique dominée par la perception d’un patrimoine naturel, avec tous les problèmes de gestion afférents, à la prise de conscience que la région recelait aussi un formidable trésor d’ordre culturel. Comment se réorganise l’activité, comment se repositionnent les acteurs du tourisme face à une telle redéfinition des enjeux ?
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Rayssac, Sébastien, and Sébastien Pénari. "Tourisme et chemins de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle en France : pratiques, acteurs et gouvernance du bien culturel." Sud-Ouest européen, no. 43 (November 17, 2017): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/soe.2588.
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Ristić, Zoran. "CULTURAL TOURISM AS A UNIQUE FORM OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM – CULTURAL RESOURCES AS TOURISM OFFER FACTORS." ЗБОРНИК РАДОВА ЕКОНОМСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА У ИСТОЧНОМ САРАЈЕВУ 1, no. 17 (May 17, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/zrefis1817063r.
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There is a worldwide trend of increasing interest in cultural tourism products, and the World Tourism Organization predicts that the cultural tourism market will be one of the five leading segments of the tourism market in the future. Local culture is an important feature of a tourist destination, and thanks to tourism, it becomes a flywheel of social and economic development. Cultural tourism is focused on cultural attractions and activities as the main reasons for traveling, and the participation of cultural tourism in all tourist movements is increasing. Thus in France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, income from tourists whose primary goal is to get acquainted with cultural goods and cultural achievements exceed 1/3 of total tourism revenues. Starting from the above, this paper focuses on the analysis of the key problems of the development of cultural tourism and the possibilities of enriching tourist destinations with cultural offer through the development of a cultural product, as a way of increasing the value of a comprehensive tourist offer and attracting a large number of tourists. It concludes with a brief analysis of the key issues for this field of cultural policy in the Republic of Serbia and recommendations on how to make a tourist attraction from a cultural resource and to achieve greater satisfaction of the tourists with their stay in a destination.
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Soto, Maximiliano. "Entre conflit et transaction sociale, une approche simmelienne aux défis des villes patrimonialisées." Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, no. 19 (March 30, 2017): 89–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.019.003.
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En nous appuyant sur la sociologie de Georg Simmel, nous souhaitons éclairer les conflits du patrimoine bâti dans les villes patrimonialisées. Notre analyse porte sur deux villes dont les centres historiques sont inscrits au Patrimoine de l’Humanité par l’UNESCO, Strasbourg en France et Valparaiso au Chili. Ainsi nous appliquerons quelques éléments simmeliens pour développer une approche s’intéressant à la structure fonctionnelle de l’espace urbain patrimonial et aux éléments socio-affectifs dans les quartiers « historiques ». Nous mettrons en avant la présence des conflits, d’échanges et des médiations des intérêts sociaux et économiques autour des biens patrimoniaux en suivant la notion simmelienne de conflit qui est abordée de manière positive en tant que productrice de liens sociaux. Dans les villes patrimonialisées, des intérêts pécuniaires publics et privés encouragent le développement des activités culturelles, tel que le tourisme culturel et l’amélioration des immeubles anciens. La notion de conflit chez Simmel permet donc de comprendre les effets des politiques d’aménagement et d’amélioration de l’espace urbain dit « patrimonial ». En effet, les nouvelles formes de pouvoir et les processus transactionnels affectent les espaces territoriaux locaux par le biais de valorisations et de dévalorisations de l’espace urbain.
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Vu, Huy Quan, Jian Ming Luo, Gang Li, and Rob Law. "Exploration of Tourist Activities in Urban Destination Using Venue Check-In Data." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 44, no. 3 (November 18, 2019): 472–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348019889121.
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Understanding the differences and similarities in the activities of tourists from various cultures is important for tourism managers to develop appropriate plans and strategies that could support urban tourism marketing and managements. However, tourism managers still face challenges in obtaining such understanding because the traditional approach of data collection, which relies on survey and questionnaires, is incapable of capturing tourist activities at a large scale. In this article, we present a method for the study of tourist activities based on a new type of data, venue check-ins. The effectiveness of the presented approach is demonstrated through a case study of a major tourism country, France. Analysis based on a large-scale data set from 19 tourism cities in France reveals interesting differences and similarities in the activities of tourists from 14 markets (countries). Valuable insights are provided for various urban tourism applications.
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Morice, Jean-René, Yi-De Liu, and Chi-Fan Lin. "Tourism development at World Heritage Site: The case of Loire Valley in France." Tourism and Heritage Journal 2 (July 28, 2020): 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/thj.2020.2.6.
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In 2000, UNESCO included a linear cultural landscape along a 200 kilometre stretch in the middle reaches of the Loire Valley, between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes-sur-Loire. The management of this extensive cultural landscape is exemplary, innovative but also complicated. The aim of this article is to explore the challenges faced and strategies adopted by the Loire Valley as a World Heritage Site in the development of tourism. Quantitative and qualitative data were both used to enhance the depth and breadth of analysis. The work presented refers to three sources of data. The findings reveal that tourism development in the Loire Valley has some challengers, such as short stays of tourists, slow growth in tourist numbers, uneven visitor numbers between castles, and the blurred role of World Heritage status in destination image. However, three different aspects of strategies have been applied by the authorities to enhance tourism development, including governance and marketing, attraction development and activation, as well as synergies of local communities.
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Bayram Soylu, Özgür. "Panel Granger causality analysis of relationships between tourism and economic growth in the top eight tourist destinations." Ekonomski pregled 71, no. 4 (2020): 407–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32910/ep.71.4.5.
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The tourism has economic, social and political effects and contributes to the economic development of many countries. Interaction levels of national economies increase with tourism through globalization. This study aims to test the causality relationship between the components of the tourism and economic growth. The causality relationship between the components of the tourism and economic growth by using panel causality analysis method. The findings indicate a bi-directional causality relationship between growth and tourism expenditures and tourism revenues. Tourism expenditures, tourism receipts and number of international arrivals are parameters of the tourism. Real gross domestic product ratio is used as a growth indicator. The top eight tourist destinations are analyzed; Spain, Italy, Russia, Turkey, France, China, USA, UK. In this context; A panel dataset was created for the top eight tourism countries over the period 1995–2017. The arrivals of tourists, expenditure levels of tourists and tourism receipts are important indicators for the national economies. The positive effects of these indicators on the balance of payments, being a source of foreign exchange, employment creation, triggering investment in infrastructure and superstructure and creating a revitalizing effect in other sectors, have an important place in the region and country economy with their socio-cultural reflections.
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Le, Cong Chi, and Dam Xuan Dong. "Factors affecting European tourists’ satisfaction in Nha Trang city: perceptions of destination quality." International Journal of Tourism Cities 3, no. 4 (December 4, 2017): 350–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-04-2017-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a deeper understanding of the different factors of destination quality in explaining European tourist satisfaction in Nha Trang city, which has one of the 29 most beautiful bays in the world and more than one million international tourists per year. The authors will also make some recommendations to attract more European visitors to Nha Trang and to increase satisfaction, as measured by their intention to return in the future. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 356 European visitors participated in this study. A structural equation modelling was applied in order to test the relationship between the constructs, and to evaluate their reliability and validity. Findings The results indicate satisfactory reliability and validity of the constructs and support the five hypotheses within a structural equation modelling. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating the roles of different factors in explaining tourists’ satisfaction. Specially, in some previous studies, the composition of the destination quality such as accommodation, food services, the retail and souvenir shops and destination attractions has a great impact on domestic tourist’s satisfaction. While the study found that the biggest factor affecting European tourist’s satisfaction was the friendliness and hospitality of the local people in Nha Trang city. Research limitations/implications Future studies should test the difference in satisfaction with the quality of destinations of European tourists to Nha Trang city. Research sample surveys should be collected in order to the magnitude and priority of key European tourist markets such as Russia, England, France, Spain and Germany. In addition, future studies should include more representative samples in other cities and include both domestic and international visitors. The proposed model intends to combine some components of tourism behaviour dimensions (value, involvement, knowledge, ambivalence, certainty, preference, trust, etc.) to test the satisfaction and destination intentional loyalty within this multidimensional perspective in a tourist destination context. The study has not considered the relationship between the increase of Russian tourists to the Nha Trang city in recent years and the decline of the European tourists (England, France, Spain, and so on). Thus, future studies should extend the model to have a more comprehensive picture about the cultural differences and cultural conflict in explaining the loyalty destination of European tourists. Practical implications Based on the research findings, the paper strongly recommends the city government to build an image of Nha Trang with friendly and hospitable people. Schools, tourism companies, and local authorities should pay attention to education and training to raise public awareness for tourism development and respect for tourists. The local government needs to develop activities to help the city residents become the typical citizen in the eyes of European tourists, contributing to the sustainable development of tourism in the city. Originality/value This study explores and tests the different factors of destination quality in explaining European tourists’ satisfaction. The research findings confirm that different dimensions of perceived destination quality are important variables to explain European tourist satisfaction.
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Lakićević, Marija, and Milica Žarevac Bošković. "RURAL TOURIST EVENTS IN EUROPEAN DESTINATIONS." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 5 (December 10, 2018): 1669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28051669m.
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Rural tourism in Europe is a very important segment of the European tourism market, which is confirmed by numerous indicators. Rural areas are not just a food production base or underdeveloped areas, but for years they represent destinations of intense interest of tourists. The paper analyzes the tourist events of the developed European destinations, pointing out that a numerous trips resulting from satisfaction are precisely related to a particular event. Tourism is attached to a great importance, but also the expectations of tourists are growing, as well as their desire for specific experiences. As a positive example is Austria in function of the sustainable development of rural areas. Some parts of this country promote healthy food, rest and relaxation in healthy and preserved nature. Also, rural tourism in Spain is an important sector in the economic development of the country, with the more known events of the Bulls Race (Spanish: encierro), the Holy Sunday (Spanish: Semana Santa), Tomatina (Spanish: la Tomatina). Given that rural tourism has the potential to diversify the offer, various products have been developed that provide an adequate supply of France throughout the year such as summer festivals, crops, winter sports, cultural heritage and the like.
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ROUX, Solene, and Estalle Giet. "TOURIST CHARACTERISTICS IN FRANCE." Journal of Applied Sciences in Travel and Hospitality 2, no. 2 (September 29, 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/jasth.v2i2.1415.
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Tourists in France force actors and territories to adapt to the demand and needs of visitors from different countries and cultures. This intercultural requirement requires, in particular, a more detailed knowledge of the practices, perceptions and feelings of foreign tourists, particularly Chinese tourists, whose numbers are increasing sharply in France, Europe and the world. The article proposes an exploratory approach to the representations associated with these practices in France through the use of websites and our teaching at the university over the past 3 years and leads to a first typology. The protocol for analysing tourist practices developed for this example makes it possible to understand the level of tourist satisfaction, to analyses what shapes their complex behaviour based on their feelings on the spot, to better characterise the tourist experience in the broad sense and to imagine a model. From a more operational point of view, the approach makes it possible to envisage an improvement in the dialogue between tourist operators and end users, a finer adaptation of supply and demand, an improvement in the well-being of tourists and a strengthening of the attractiveness of the territories.
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Andimarjoko, Prihartomo. "Sustainable Perceived Authenticity in Cultural Tourism: Modeling Alsace and Bali." Academic Research Community publication 2, no. 2 (May 27, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v2i2.246.
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Cultural tourism roughly contributes to 40% of the international tourism arrivals. However, marketing for it is a dilemma between maximizing the economic return and nurturing the culture’s social functions because, in cultural tourism, a culture is a “product” to be “consumed”. Marketers need to attract the “correct” segments of cultural tourism, which have cultural motives as opposed to those of mass tourism. Research shows that attracting such segments can be done through a differentiation based on authenticity. However, in cultural tourism, authenticity is a relative and negotiable term. Perceived authenticity is more applicable than the traditional, objective authenticity. Previous research has been done to understand how authenticity is perceived by tourists but how it changes over a time remains elusive to researchers. This research focuses on the dynamics of perceived authenticity; how it changes over a time. A temporary, hypothetical model is proposed that is subject to a further seeking of variables and their relationships. The research is conducted in two stages: qualitative for building the model and quantitative for confirming it. Two cases will be built i.e. Alsace in France and Bali in Indonesia. The two regions will represent two different points on a spectrum. This research is a work in progress.
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Dewi, NGAS. "KARAKTERISTIK DAN AKTIVITAS WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA PASCA ERUPSI DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM." Jurnal IPTA 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2020.v08.i02.p12.
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Mount Agung, which is the highest active mountain in Bali, began to experience an eruption which immediately caused Bali tourism to collapse. On the other hand, this disaster invites a special attraction for special interest tourists. This paper aims to determine the characteristics and activities of foreign tourists after the eruption of Mount Agung in Karangasem Regency. Data collection techniques used, among others: observation, interview, questionnaires distributions, literature study, and documentation with qualitative descriptive and quantitative analysis methods. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known the characteristics of foreign tourists based on tourist descriptors, namely: age dominated by 20 - 35 years (81%), coming from France (18%), female sex (57%), unmarried status (60%), recent undergraduate education (52%), employment of private employees (38%), income> USD 510 (57%). Meanwhile, characteristics based on trip descriptor have results that are dominated by: Bali as the main destination (88%), first visit to Bali (71%), length of stay in Bali more than 5 days (80%), visit with friends (36% ), stay at homestay (33%), accommodation located in Ubud (31%), length of stay in Karangasem <1 day (52%), organize trips independently (74%), expenses in Karangasem <1,000,000 (72%) ), car and driver rental (41%). Tourism activities undertaken by foreign tourists after the eruption of Mount Agung were dominated by cultural tourism activities with the highest Likert scale of 3.37 in the category of strongly agree.
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Nguyen, Luong Vuong, Jason J. Jung, and Myunggwon Hwang. "OurPlaces: Cross-Cultural Crowdsourcing Platform for Location Recommendation Services." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9120711.
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This paper presents a cross-cultural crowdsourcing platform, called OurPlaces, where people from different cultures can share their spatial experiences. We built a three-layered architecture composed of: (i) places (locations where people have visited); (ii) cognition (how people have experienced these places); and (iii) users (those who have visited these places). Notably, cognition is represented as a paring of two similar places from different cultures (e.g., Versailles and Gyeongbokgung in France and Korea, respectively). As a case study, we applied the OurPlaces platform to a cross-cultural tourism recommendation system and conducted a simulation using a dataset collected from TripAdvisor. The tourist places were classified into four types (i.e., hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, and attractions). In addition, user feedback (e.g., ratings, rankings, and reviews) from various nationalities (assumed to be equivalent to cultures) was exploited to measure the similarities between tourism places and to generate a cognition layer on the platform. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the OurPlaces-based system, we compared it with a Pearson correlation-based system as a baseline. The experimental results show that the proposed system outperforms the baseline by 2.5% and 4.1% in the best case in terms of MAE and RMSE, respectively.
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R, Renjith Kumar, Ruwaiya Salim Said Al Shekaili, Bahia Dawood Sulaiman Al-Sulaimi, and Rahma Khalid Sulaiman Al-Alawi. "An Evaluation of Tourism Attributes related to Satisfaction and Challenges by Foreign Tourists in Sultanate of Oman." International Business Research 14, no. 8 (July 16, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v14n8p55.
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Tourism economy has enhanced the employment opportunities in Oman and lot of new tourism projects are coming up throughout the country. The awareness among the Omani public has to improve to consider a future in the tourism industry. The study is attempted to understand the satisfaction level of international tourists in Oman, the factors that affects tourism and the challenges faced by the tourists. The responses were collected from 111 foreign tourists visited Oman. It was found that majority of the tourists are from France, Germany, Italy and Britain. International tourists are satisfied by the friendliness and openness of Omanis, culture and customs and have a safe feeling of security to travel in Oman. The challenges faced by foreign tourists include difficulty in language, GPS connection, lack of Wifi connectivity, problems in walking alone, more time at the airport to exit, time for visa processing, bad driving, expensive ticket charges, taxi and hotel charges, crowded and traffic jam and language difficulties.
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Nash, Mary. "Mass Tourism and New Representations of Gender in Late Francoist Spain: The Sueca and Don Juan in the 1960s." Cultural History 4, no. 2 (October 2015): 136–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cult.2015.0091.
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This article charts the gendering of mass tourism in Spain under Franco in the 1960s as a locus of intercultural encounters and innovation in forms of popular sociability and gender dynamics. By highlighting the centrality of gender it suggests that exploring the tourism that emerged in this period maps the reinvention of gender representations involving the alignment of tourist otherness and gendered cultural differences that reinscribe the Franco regime's models of femininity. The meaning of the new gender representations that emerged in tourist sites – the iconic Sueca (Nordic female tourist) and a reinvented Don Juan – is also explored from the frame of reference of privileged ‘contact zones’. This study argues for the need to examine the relationship between tourist discourse and practices on the meaning of femininity and masculinity and aims to disclose how the connections between new and old gender representations give insight into the complex contestation of the established Francoist gender order before the end of the Franco dictatorship.
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Belosluttceva, Liudmila, and Olesya Fesenko. "Leadership in tourist destinations’ competition and its social and economic impact." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913504005.
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Tourism is now more important than ever for successful, competitive and flexible destinations development. Countries actively market tourism both at national and international level. Tourism evolves and becomes recognized as an opportunity to bring wide ranging benefits to national and local economies and populations, increasingly integrated with state and destination economic planning, environment safety and community development. The analyses of the relationship between state system of regulation in tourism, administrative order and social and economic impact of constant tourism development in France - the world’s leading tourist destination - is presented. The leader influences competitive advantage through developing strategy, based on traditional organizational culture and supports innovations at all organizational levels.
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Batat, Wided, and Sonja Prentovic. "Towards viral systems thinking: a cross-cultural study of sustainable tourism ads." Kybernetes 43, no. 3/4 (April 1, 2014): 529–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-07-2013-0147.
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Purpose – In the postmodern consumer society, factors such as sustainability, responsible behaviour and digital environment have direct consequences on rethinking sustainable tourism promotion through 2.0 communication policy embedded within a specific cultural context. The aim of this research is to analyse and discuss the application of 2.0 systems thinking (ST) in three countries (France, UK and Serbia) to promote sustainable tourism thinking. Design/methodology/approach – Online tourism ads available on YouTube, Vimeo, and Dailymotion, related to the cultural contexts of the UK, France and Serbia, have been analysed through a qualitative approach based on the use of visual methods. Furthermore, sustainable tourism dimensions and discourses have been identified in each context by applying intra- and intertextual analysis. Findings – The results show that the use of 2.0 ST to promote sustainable tourism should take into account environmental and socio-cultural issues in each cultural context. These findings show that both the UK and France promote sustainable tourism logic through applying a 2.0 ST. This is not the case with Serbia where online sustainable tourism videos are underrepresented and the online content is different from the one in the UK and France. Research limitations/implications – This research might help tourism researchers and professionals to understand cultural differences when promoting sustainable tourism through a 2.0 communication and online videos. The results show that tourism system has to be considered as a complex and a dynamic framework where intense interlinking of social media with political, cultural, promotional, and organizational aspects of tourism systems in different countries is present. Practical implications – The proposed framework in this study represents a tool that will enable tourism professionals to improve their sustainable tourism communication, especially the environmental and socio-cultural dimensions when considering a 2.0 communication approach. Originality/value – The original aspect of this research is related to the analysis of interactive videos in tourism studies and to the introduction of a new framework based on 2.0 ST, used to promote sustainable tourism in a cross-cultural context.
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Luštický, Martin, Jiří Dvořák, and Petr Štumpf. "The cultural content analysis of the international tourism destination websites." Trendy v podnikání 10, no. 2 (2020): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/jbt.2020.10.2.4_14.
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Travel and tourism represents one of the most globalized sectors facing strong competitive pressure. Thus, cultural adaptation has become a vital strategy for tourism destinations that desire to succeed in the global tourism market. The paper focuses on the international tourism destination websites as a key marketing communication channel in the 21st century. Its aim is to analyze to what extent the websites of five European top destinations reflect the cultural values of the English-speaking Asia-Pacific countries. To meet this aim, cultural content analysis based on adaptation of Hofstede’s framework is conducted for the English versions of the official tourism websites of France, Spain, Italy, the United Kingdom, and Turkey. The results are subsequently compared with Hofstede’s cultural scores for six English-speaking countries located in the UNWTO Asia-Pacific Region. The results reveal how intensively the tourism destination websites meet the predominant culture values of the Asia-Pacific region. In such a way, the results should help destination marketers to attract visitors from the promising Asia-Pacific market more effectively.
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Luštický, Martin, Jiří Dvořák, and Petr Štumpf. "The cultural content analysis of the international tourism destination websites." Trendy v podnikání 10, no. 2 (2020): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/jbt.2020.10.2.4_14.
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Travel and tourism represents one of the most globalized sectors facing strong competitive pressure. Thus, cultural adaptation has become a vital strategy for tourism destinations that desire to succeed in the global tourism market. The paper focuses on the international tourism destination websites as a key marketing communication channel in the 21st century. Its aim is to analyze to what extent the websites of five European top destinations reflect the cultural values of the English-speaking Asia-Pacific countries. To meet this aim, cultural content analysis based on adaptation of Hofstede’s framework is conducted for the English versions of the official tourism websites of France, Spain, Italy, the United Kingdom, and Turkey. The results are subsequently compared with Hofstede’s cultural scores for six English-speaking countries located in the UNWTO Asia-Pacific Region. The results reveal how intensively the tourism destination websites meet the predominant culture values of the Asia-Pacific region. In such a way, the results should help destination marketers to attract visitors from the promising Asia-Pacific market more effectively.
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Roy Jaya Saragih, Wiwin, I. Made Sendra, and I. GPB Sasrawan Mananda. "KARAKTERISTIK DAN MOTIVASI WISATAWAN EKOWISATA DI BALI (STUDI KASUS DI JARINGAN EKOWISATA DESA)." Jurnal IPTA 3, no. 1 (January 18, 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2015.v03.i01.p04.
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This study discusses about tourist characteristic and motivation in Pelaga, Badung Regency, Sibetan, Karangasem Regency, and Tenganan, Karangasem Regency. These three villages were developed into ecotourism village by JED (Village Ecotourism Network). Ecotourism is a community- based tourism, enviromentally sound, and responsible for sustainability. By seeing the number of visitor in Pelaga Ecotourism Village which has yet to reach the target, this is the impact of marketing system is still very common conducted without regard to the characteristics and motivations of tourists. This research purposes is to know the tourist characteristic and motivation who visit Pelaga, Sibetan, and Tenganan Ecotourism Village. Data collection in this research is done by direct obeservation to Pelaga Village, Sibetan Village, and Tenganan Village. Deep interview with the manager of JED and then deep interview with the coordinator of JED in every village, and also deep interview with the tourist to know their motivation visit Pelaga Ecotourism Village. While also using literature study and documentation. The result of this research show that in term geographic characteristic the visitor in Pelaga, Sibetan, and Tenganan Village is come from various country namely USA , Australia, Thailand, Japan, Germany, Canada, Netherland, England, France, Norway, Belgium, Philippines, Italy, Singapore, Malaysia, Cambodia, China, Poland, East Timor, Finland, Korea. In term socio- demographic characteristic the tourist who visit Pelaga and Sibetan dominated by man and in productive age, while in Tenganan is dominated by women and in older age. The whole tourist in three villages are work in private or public sector, and high educational background. Most of tourists who visit, have the motivation to know the culture in three villages.
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Ivanova, O., and M. Senkiv. "ACCESSIBLE TOURISM FOR ALL IN THE EUROPEAN UNION." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 74 (2019): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2019.74.12.
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The Global Code of Ethics for Tourism promotes the right of all people to equality in access to contemplate the resources of the planet, which, in turn, is the main principle of accessible tourism for all. Modern approaches to understanding the concepts of accessible tourism for all are analyzed in this paper. Accessible tourism for all means that any tourism product should be designed irrespective of age, gender and ability and with no additional costs for customers with disabilities and specific access requirements. Role of the principles of universal design for accessible tourism for all is characterized. In contrast to the concept of accessibility, which only applies to low-mobility categories of the population and focuses on physical access to transport and buildings, as well as access to information, the concept of universal design emphasizes creating the same conditions convenient for all users, without impersonating some of them. Three main prerequisites for the development of accessible tourism for all in the European Union are determined and characterized, in particular, existing accessibility legislation and standards at the global, European and national levels, population ageing and increase in the number of people with disabilities. There is the problem in Ukraine of the lack of accessibility standards for tourism facilities and services, so it is important to learn the experience of the European Union. The European Union population is aging and this trend will continue in the future. This phenomenon is a major challenge for the society, but at the same time, it also represents a great opportunity for local businesses and for the whole European economy. Elderly people (65 years and older) are encouraged to travel by different motives: visiting relatives, gaining cultural or gastronomic experience, they are interested in traveling on cruise ships, relaxing on the coast, participating in sports events or ethnic holidays. They tend to spend more while traveling and stay longer. Tourists with disabilities, above all, make travel decisions based on the opinions of their friends, and rely less on special offers aimed at them. Online offers and printed brochures of travel agencies influence their decision at the same level. France and the United Kingdom have the most disabled people in the EU. The European Union is the main tourism destination in the world. Five its member states (France, Spain, Italy, Great Britain, Germany) belong to the top ten countries of the world on arrival of tourists. The map of the most accessible cities of the European Union is created and the quantitative distribution of these cities by country of ownership is presented. France, Germany and Sweden are leaders in the European Union by the number of the most accessible cities in 2011-2018. Among the 23 most accessible cities, only five are the capitals of states. At the same time, the city of Ljubljana in Slovenia was twice noted by the European Commission as one of the most accessible. Elements of the tourism chain include: tourism destination management; tourism information and advertising (preparation, information and booking); urban and architectural environments; modes of transport and stations; accommodation, food service and conventions; cultural activities (museums, theatres, cinemas, and other); other tourism activities and events. On the basis of the theory of accessibility chain structure and the tourism chain, the best practices of accessible tourism for all are analyzed using the example of the city of Lyon – the great business center in France, which in 2018 was recognized by the European Commission accessible in the European Union.
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Batat, Wided. "Changing places and identity construction: subjective introspection into researcher’s personal destination experiences." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 9, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-08-2015-0084.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to draw on a subjective personal introspection (SPI) approach and Breakwell’s identity process theory (IPT) principles to show how elements from different cultures are performed by an individual to form a unique patchwork identity, and how this patchwork identity will contribute to deepen tourist gaze and, thus, achieving and maintaining authentic destination experience. Design/methodology/approach – The use of SPI gives the researcher an easy access to data collection of his personal, daily experiences related to changing destinations and consuming different places in Europe (France, UK and Italy), North America (USA and Canada) and North Africa (Algeria, Morocco and Egypt) for unlimited 24-hour access from an insider’s ongoing lived experiences. Findings – The results show that Breakwell’s IPT four principles are an integral part of patchwork identity construction when living and experiencing several places. Patchwork identity encompasses the individual’s ability to cross different social and symbolic boundaries when experiencing different destination. Each cultural context contributes to the bricolage and the assemblage of individual patchwork identity revealing one or more IPT dimensions. Practical implications – This paper serves to emphasize the importance of SPI-based research to patchwork identity construction in understanding the impact of cultural identity on tourist gaze. This approach can help marketers and tourism professionals to understand how consumers select the cultural elements that fit their identity and how the patchwork identity formed will contribute to deepen tourist gaze and destination experience of authenticity. Originality/value – The use of IPT and SPI-based research to explore tourist gaze offers a comprehensive framework based on a personal introspective approach where the starting point is the meaning individual provides to his hyphenated identity as coping mechanism to respond to social, psychological, ideological, cultural, symbolic, functional, structural, etc., aspirations.
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Lebovics, Herman. "The future of the nation foretold in its museums." French Cultural Studies 25, no. 3-4 (August 2014): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155814534145.
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With the opening of several new musées de la société in France we gain an exceptionally rich and revelatory way of understanding the society-wide debates about what France is and what it should be in the new millennium. Each of the museums discussed offers pieces of the contested stories of a new France in a new age. Taken together, they ask whether it is possible, or even desirable, today to tell a single and teleological national narrative, the roman national of the patriot-historians of the Third Republic. What did immigrants contribute to the making of today’s nation? What is the relationship of postcolonial France to its one-time colonial empire? How did biological and cultural evolution combine to make human societies? And now, with the opening of the Musée des Civilisations de l’Europe et de la Méditerranée, how did, and how do, French vernacular cultures relate to those of Europe and the Mediterranean world? The article argues that a way of understanding this complex of questions is to follow the stories that the new museums tell – or the disagreements about what stories they ought to tell. For these questions go to matters of high state policy, international economic interests, cultural outreach, the relations of regions to capitals, tourism, and indeed claims about what it means to be French today.
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Lewis, Robert W. "Enacting Brittany: tourism and culture in provincial France, 1871–1939." Journal of Tourism History 5, no. 3 (November 2013): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2014.913366.
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Williams, H. "Enacting Brittany: Tourism and Culture in Provincial France, 1871-1939." French Studies 67, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knt082.
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Planjanin-Simic, Kristina, and Mihaela Lazovic. "CHILDREN'S FOLK ART AND MOVEMENT RHYTHMIC GAMES AS A REGIONAL FEATURE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM POTENTIAL." KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 31, no. 6 (June 5, 2019): 1797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij31061797p.
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Children's traditional creativity as an inexhaustible inspiration, but also an alternative form of musical education, represents the biological human need. It is also an "extraordinary means of stimulating intelligence and a way of connecting and bonding people of the world" (Habermeyer, 2001). Our region features a large number of songs for pre-school children, as well as a large number of rhythmic games, which also belong to the field of physical and musical education, as well as domains of learning traditional games. More and more research suggests that children "possess the least knowledge of rhythmic games in general" (Dopudja, 1977). Although there has always existed a tradition of nurturing traditional games / dances that have been transferred to younger generations, both within families and in institutions for pre-school children, it can also be transferred through a well-organized and planned regional tourist offer if its contents are adapted and presented in one of the world languages. Every country in which tourism is one of the most important branches of the economy, naturally turns to its own traditional values and potentials. Furthermore, folklore heritage has proven to be an inexhaustible source of inspiration for both artists and lay people. One should bear in mind the important fact that tourism can be defined as "a correlation of services and other benefits used by tourists created from the need for temporary displacement of people. Having in mind the distinctiveness of tourism from the aspect of its heterogeneity, where the tourist aggregate is constituted of important elements" (Cuervo S. 1967) which also include folklore art as well as various forms of entertainment and leisure time (Stavric, Baros, 2005). If we are familiar with the fact that children primarily learn by listening, watching, doing or their combination, then it is clear that children's folk art and movement rhythmic games, music and art combine these three ways of learning, and at the same time, enhance the development of intelligence in children. All the elements, as well as the inevitable factors that accompany children's folk art, influence the psychophysical, intellectual and emotional development of a child (Planjanin-Simic, 2016). Such potentially offered cultural and educational content certainly leads to better understanding among people from different countries and regions. On the other hand, today, the English language has indubitably become the language of world communication, a contemporary “lingua franca”. What is more, the English language entered almost all spheres of life: music, entertainment, mass media, traveling, tourism... To that note, with the intention of bringing people who speak different languages closer together, this paper will offer the English translation of famous children folk songs, games and dances from our region, especially Montenegrin traditional rhythmic games, with the aim to present regional culture to foreigners and transcendent the language barrier.
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Hodges, Matt. "Food, time, and heritage tourism in languedoc, France." History and Anthropology 12, no. 2 (February 2001): 179–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2001.9960932.
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Spracklen, Karl, and Dave Robinson. "Putting Faith in Vinyl, Real Ale, and Live Music: a Case Study Of the Limits of Tourism Policy and a Critical Analysis Of New Leisure Spaces in a Northern English Town." Tourism Culture & Communication 20, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/109830420x15894802540223.
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Skipton, on the edge of the Yorkshire Dales National Park, is an old mill town that has seen tourists flocking to it since the arrival of the railway in the 19th century. Like many other old mill towns in northern England, Skipton has lost those mills-as-factories and the workers in them—and has struggled to retain a sustainable local economy. At the same time, Skipton has become increasingly gentrified, and has become a focus for day visitors and tourists attracted by the beautiful countryside seen when Le Tour de France came through Yorkshire in 2014. In this article, we explore the area of Skipton, dubbed the Canal Quarter. We focus on the leisure spaces that have opened there as attempts to construct alternative, authentic experiences around the consumption of real ale, the performance of live music, and the curation of second-hand vinyl records. We have previously explored how these might be shown to be a space for Habermasian rationality. In this sequel, we use critical theory to show how the alternative, authentic space of vinyl, real ale, and live music has already been compromised by two conflicting hegemonic powers: the cooption of leisure into the economics of tourism and tourism policy, and the meaninglessness of cool capitalism and Bauman's consumer society.
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Travassos, Luiz Eduardo Panisset, Pablo Cristiano Alves Coelho, Bruno Durão Rodrigues, and Larissa Duarte Araújo Pereira. "Turismo no Carste da Baixa Normandia (França) em função da História do Dia-D / Tourism in the Lower Normandy (France) karst due to the History of D-Day." Caderno de Geografia 25, no. 44 (July 30, 2015): 312–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2318-2962.2015v25n44p312.
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O trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre a atual exploração turística do carste do norte da França, em locais remanescentes e pontos estratégicos utilizados no Teatro de Operações durante o desembarque Aliado nas praias da Baixa Normandia na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Por meio de fundamentação teórica e pesquisa de campo foi possível observar a paisagem cárstica e ponderar sobre o uso dos marcos históricos, cemitérios, museus e modificações na paisagem como suporte ao Turismo Histórico-Cultural. Observa-se que o cenário em questão visa promoção e valorização da história, bem como propõe o resgate da memória através do desenvolvimento turístico regional.Palavras-chave: Carste; Turismo; Baixa Normadia; Segunda Guerra Mundial; Dia D Abstract This work presents a discussion on the current tourist use of the karst from northern France in remaining places and strategic points used in the theater of operations during the Allied landings on the beaches of Lower Normandy in World War II. By means of theoretical basis and fieldwork it was possible to observe the karst landscape and consider its use as historic landmarks, cemeteries, museums and changes in the landscape as support for the historical and cultural tourism. One observes that the scenario is used as a way of enforcing and preserving history as well as proposes the rescue of memory through the development of regional tourism.Keywords: Karst; Tourism; Lower Normandy; Second World War; D-Day.
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Son, Dongki. "A Study on the Activation strategies of Cultural Heritage Tourism in France." Journal of international area studies 24, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18327/jias.2020.4.24.2.167.
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Storm, Eric. "Patrick Young, Enacting Brittany: Tourism and Culture in Provincial France, 1871–1939." European History Quarterly 44, no. 2 (April 2014): 388–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691414524528av.
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Le Menestrel, Sara. "Bienvenue au pays cadien. L'essor du tourisme culturel dans les petites villes franco-louisianaises." Espaces et sociétés 100, no. 1 (2000): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/esp.g2000.100.0035.
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Jeffries, C. "Enacting Brittany: Tourism and Culture in Provincial France, 1871-1939, by Patrick Young." English Historical Review 129, no. 538 (June 1, 2014): 751–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceu087.
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Ducros, Hélène. "A Review of “Enacting Brittany: tourism and culture in provincial France, 1871–1939”." Tourism Geographies 16, no. 3 (May 21, 2014): 529–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2014.915879.
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Danan, Ariel. "Les Juifs de France en Israël : entre tourisme et empathie (1948-1982)." Archives Juives 41, no. 2 (2008): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.412.0051.
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Andrews, Naomi J., Simon Jackson, Jessica Wardhaugh, Shannon Fogg, Jessica Lynne Pearson, Elizabeth Campbell, Laura Levine Frader, Joshua Cole, Elizabeth A. Foster, and Owen White. "Book Reviews." French Politics, Culture & Society 37, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 123–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2019.370307.
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Silyane Larcher, L’Autre Citoyen: L’idéal républicain et les Antilles après l’esclavage (Paris: Armand Colin, 2014).Elizabeth Heath, Wine, Sugar, and the Making of Modern France: Global Economic Crisis and the Racialization of French Citizenship, 1870–1910 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014).Rebecca Scales, Radio and the Politics of Sound in Interwar France, 1921–1939 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016).Claire Zalc, Dénaturalisés: Les retraits de nationalité sous Vichy (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 2016).Bertram M. Gordon, War Tourism: Second World War France from Defeat and Occupation to the Creation of Heritage (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2018).Shannon L. Fogg, Stealing Home: Looting, Restitution, and Reconstructing Jewish Lives in France, 1942–1947 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017).Sarah Fishman, From Vichy to the Sexual Revolution: Gender and Family Life in Postwar France (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017).Frederick Cooper, Citizenship between Empire and Nation: Remaking France and French Africa, 1945–1960 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014).Jessica Lynne Pearson, The Colonial Politics of Global Health: France and the United Nations in Postwar Africa (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018). Darcie Fontaine, Decolonizing Christianity: Religion and the End of Empire in France and Algeria (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016).
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Wiley, Eric. "Romani Performance and Heritage Tourism: The Pilgrimage of the Gypsies at Les Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer." TDR/The Drama Review 49, no. 2 (June 2005): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054204053971126.
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Every May some ten thousand Romanies (aka Gypsies) perform a pilgrimage to Les Saintes-Maries-de-le-Mer, a remote fishing village in the south of France. Their annual gathering has developed into a popular festival of Romani culture that spawns its own pilgrimage of tourists and journalists—as well as some tension between the townspeople and the Romani.
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Gordon, Bertram M. "Ist Gott Französisch?Germans, tourism, and occupied France, 1940–1944." Modern & Contemporary France 4, no. 3 (January 1996): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639489608456308.
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Diti, Irene, Daniele Torreggiani, and Patrizia Tassinari. "Rural landscape and cultural routes: a multicriteria spatial classification method tested on an Italian case study." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 46, no. 1 (April 21, 2015): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2015.451.
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Europe is characterised by a rich net of itineraries that during the Middle Ages were taken by pilgrims head toward the holy places of Christianity. In Italy the main pilgrimage route is the <em>Via Francigena</em> (t<em>he road that comes from France</em>), which starts from Canterbury and arrives in Rome, running through Europe for about 1800 km. Municipalities and local associations are focused on purposes and actions aimed at the promotion of those routes, rich in history and spirituality. Also for the European Union the enhancement of those itineraries, nowadays used both by pilgrims and tourists, is crucial, as shown by the various projects aimed at the identification of tools for the development of sustainable cultural tourism. It is important to understand how landscape, that according to the European Landscape Convention reflects the <em>sense of places</em> and represents the image of their history, has evolved along those roads, and to analyse the relationships between the built and natural environments, since they maintain a remarkable symbolic connection between places and peoples over time and history. This study focuses on the Italian section of the <em>Via Francigena</em> that crosses the Emilia-Romagna region, in the province of Piacenza. A land classification method is proposed, with the aim to take into account different indicators: land zoning provided by regional laws, elements of relevant historical and natural value, urban elements, type of agriculture. The analyses are carried out on suitable buffers around the path, thus allowing to create landscape profiles. As nature is a key element for the spirituality character of these pilgrimage routes, the classification process takes into account both protected and other valuable natural elements, besides agricultural activities. The outcomes can be useful to define tools aimed to help pilgrims and tourists to understand the surrounding places along their walk, as well as to lend support to rural and urban planning and integrated local development and landscape enhancement projects.
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Gordon, Bertram. "Stephen L. Harp, Au Naturel: Naturism, Nudism, and Tourism in Twentieth-Century France." European History Quarterly 47, no. 1 (December 16, 2016): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691416674402s.
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McCaffrey, Emily. "Imagining the Cathars in Late-twentieth-century Languedoc." Contemporary European History 11, no. 3 (July 31, 2002): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777302003041.
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This article describes the recent resurgence of the popular memory of the thirteenth-century Cathar, or Albigensian, heresy and its bloody repression in Languedoc, south-western France. After centuries of having been relegated to the realms of elite historical theological and political writing, today the memory of the Cathars dominates local history, culture, literature and tourism. Indeed, the popular memory of the Cathars has become central to collective identity and its expressions. The article explores how local professional historians have mediated, sometimes awkwardly, between academic history and popular history.
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Basset, Vincent. "“Montes sagrados” y cultos neochamánicos." Revista Trace, no. 62 (July 16, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.62.2012.459.
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Propongo analizar el neochamanismo como un nuevo paradigma para los no indígenas, en el que la práctica chamánica es el resultado de intercambios materiales e inmateriales entre un chamanismo local y un chamanismo global. A través de un estudio comparativo entre la reserva natural sagrada de Wirikuta, en el Estado de San Luis Potosí, México, y la región de Bugarach, en Francia, estudiaré cómo los intercambios culturales entre el nuevo y el viejo mundo permiten a los turistas crear, o reapropiarse, de nuevos lugares de culto neochamánicos a través de un bricolaje mitológico y cosmogónico, una reapropiación de rituales (ofrendas, ceremonias chamánicas, cantos), y una búsqueda mística y terapéutica. Para terminar, presentaré algunos puntos específicos del chamanismo moderno occidental y sus efectos sobre el chamanismo local indígena.Abstract: I propose to analyse neoshamanism as a new paradigm for non aboriginal people for whom the shamanic practice is due to material and immaterial exchanges between the local and global shamanism. Through a comparative analysis of the sacred reserve of Wirikuta in the state of San Luis Potosí in Mexico and the Burgarach region in France, I describe how cultural exchanges between the Old and the New World allow tourists to create and to appropriate new cult places through a mitologic or cosmogonic patchwork, ritual reappropriation (offerings, shamanic ceremonies, songs) and mystic and healing quest. To conclude, I present some specific points of the modern western shamanism and its effects on the local aboriginal shamanism.Résumé : Je propose d’analyser le néo-cha- manisme comme un nouveau paradigme pour les non indiens dont la pratique chamanique est le résultat d’échanges matériels et immatériels entre le chamanisme local et le chamanisme global. Grâce à une étude comparative entre la réserve sacrée de Wirikuta, dans l’État de San Luis Potosí au Mexique et la région de Bugarach en France, je décrirai comment les échanges culturels entre le Nouveau et le Vieux monde permettent aux touristes de créer ou de s’approprier des nouveaux lieux de culte néo chamanique au travers d’un bricolage mythologique ou cosmogonique, d’une réappropriation des rituels (offrandes, cérémonies chamaniques, chants) et d’une recherche mystique et thérapeutique. Pour finir, je présenterai quelques points spécifiques du chamanisme moderne occidental et ses effets sur le chamanisme local indien.
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Martin, Lowry. "Defiant Deviance and Franco-Moroccan Cinema's Queer Representations of Masculinity." Journal of Bodies, Sexualities, and Masculinities 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 80–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jbsm.2020.010106.
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AbstractIn the last decade, Franco-Moroccan directors have begun to explore culturally taboo and unrepresented sexual communities within Morocco. This article examines how two pioneering films, Abdellah Taïa's Salvation Army and Nabil Ayouch's Much Loved, contribute to an emerging cultural politics in the Arab-speaking world that is reframing marginalized or invisible sexualities. While these films address issues of sexual tourism, incest, and prostitution, among others, the focus of this article is on the films’ critiques of internalized homophobia, sexual tourism, and the sociopolitical power structures that occlude, marginalize, or shame those males outside of the heterosexual matrix. Analyzing the films’ portrayal of the semiotics of forbidden desire, internalized homophobia, and the circulation and spatialization of queer sexualities in Morocco, this article argues that Salvation Army and Much Loved complicate our understanding of Arab masculinities and add to a growing queer visibility that stretches from the Maghreb to the Gulf.
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Ulin, Robert C. "Terroir and Tourism in the Age of Mass Production." Tourism Analysis 26, no. 2 (April 14, 2021): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354221x16079789765298.
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The concept of terroir has an extensive history in France linking a multitude of agricultural products to climate, soil, and local knowledge. More recently, terroir is used in viticulture to emphasize the distinctiveness of wine with respect to regional natural and cultural resources and in so doing has become important to tourism. This article addresses terroir by pointing to its substantial virtues while unveiling its potential for mystification. In the age of mass production, terroir offers distinction, an essential attribute for touristic appeal. However, in its emphasis on climate and soil in the viticultural domain, terroir conceals important historical processes that in the end speak as much, if not more, to how we rank and regard wine. Moreover, the focus on natural conditions rather than those that are social also masks social relations that are embedded in class privilege and thus give the impression that wine has a life of its own independent of its historical and social contexts.
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Yasuo, ICHIKAWA. "Reuse of cultural resources and walking tourism in France—A case study of the “Stevenson trail”." E-journal GEO 10, no. 2 (2016): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4157/ejgeo.10.167.
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Mcguire, Michael. "A Fractured Service: Frances Webster and The Great War, 1914–1918." New England Quarterly 91, no. 2 (June 2018): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00671.
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Born to privilege in Boston, Frances Webster, like her peers volunteered overseas with the American Red Cross as a nurse's aide. Where the activities of other Americans during the First World War is characterized as a “culture of coercive volunterism,” Webster's reflected a more complex mixture of altruism and tourism. Her history of participation in the First World War suggests historians need more multifaceted frameworks to explain Americans' First World War service.
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Badone, Ellen. "Pilgrimage, tourism andThe da Vinci codeat Les-Saintes-Maries-De-La-Mer, France." Culture and Religion 9, no. 1 (March 2008): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14755610801954847.
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