Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tourisme – Mondialisation'
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Moreno, Caroline. "La mondialisation du tourisme." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0048.
Full textOur doctoral thesis focuses on the evolution of the tourist clientele with the major role of the upper middle class in an international context marked by profound changes on the political, economic, social, environmental, etc. Many questions are at the heart of this work. Who has access to the practice of tourism today compared to yesterday? How has the tourism sector in general, and the hotel and para-hotel sector in particular, evolved over time to adapt to changing tourism practices? Answering such questions implies asking ourselves about the roles played by hotel groups in this evolution? And finally, how can we describe the evolution of the latter in France by taking as an example of study, the group globally classified as the fifth group in terms of number of hotels and Rooms the Accor group. Therefore, based on what has just been presented, there is a hypothesis underlying this research. It is to assume that the transitions underway in almost all fields, political, economic, digital, environmental, nutrition, etc, will further disrupt the habits of the majority of people in both advanced and lest developed countries and even poor countries and will thus bring about changes in mentalities that will systematic changes in tourism practices. To support this hypothesis, we consider that the individual is facing a major challenge, which is to know how to adapt to all these transitions and all these changes. A reality that leads us to consider that it represents a moment of rupture, an essential need to change and recreate a new mode in a different space and for a certain duration
Bouchon, Frédéric. "Kuala Lumpur, métropolisation et mondialisation au risque du tourisme : enjeux et perspecvtives." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00708806.
Full textDrissi-Habti, Nawfel. "Le tourisme marocain : analyse spatio-économique d'un système soumis à la mondialisation." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE2005.
Full textTourism, the moroccan space and the moroccans; are these three words meant to be associated ? Must we privilege only the economic and geographical parameters when we set up a policy for the touristic development of the moroccan space ? Will there be organisational problems due to human intervention which could be improved by a group of propositions taking human nature in to consideration ? Faced with the globalisation of tourism, will the moroccan nation-state become a utopia ? Basically, what exactly are the natural professional units, the groups of people and sufficient activities, of realistic size and on an adequate scale which could follow ? The region-state ? The present work makes a summary of all these points, and above all, it proposes ideas of reflection for a policy of touristic development in the moroccan land, according to the modem needs for the development of tourism. These ideas, in fact, come from strategic touristic messages, the result of the peripheral needs of development, the globalisation and touristic competition. They are therefore the expression of the tangible evidence of our systemic thinking
Peyvel, Emmanuelle. "L'émergence du tourisme domestique au Viet-Nam : lieux, pratiques et imaginaires." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE2024.
Full textSince the 1986 renovation policy (Ðổi Mới), domestic tourism has been increasing in Việt Nam. Nowadays Vietnamese tourists are, on the average, four times as numerous as foreign tourists. These Vietnamese people develop original tourist practices, spaces and mental and cultural representations, which are analysed in this thesis. More specifically, it focuses on the frameworks and the structures which form the basis of the Vietnamese tourist project. On the one hand, the Party-State plays an important part in the organization of the tourist sphere, in which it intervenes actively. Tourism is also mobilized for national construction. Thus the State organizes and encourages domestic tourism to a high degree. On the other hand, the globalization into which Vietnamese tourists integrate, precisely by doing tourism, constitutes an important training framework for ways of being a tourist. During the colonial period, globalization consisted in an exogenous imposition of tourist spaces, practices and representations, which are now re-appropriated in an inclusive and innovative manner. Nowadays, the Vietnamese tourist inhabits denser and more complex space influenced by the cohabitation between domestic and foreign tourists
Mognard, Élise. "Foie gras, gavage et "touristes-mangeurs" : une sociologie de l'alimentation à l'heure de la mondialisation." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20124.
Full textThis thesis is based on issues concerning foie gras, the force-feeding program. From the framework of food tourism, it sheds light on the globalisation of food. It also places the inherent unease that exists within the relationship of the human consumer and animals at the core of the analysis. Thus, the study informs regulations of the contemporary food, characterized by the internationalization of the food markets and the mobility generalized of the eaters. The research was conducted using complimentary investigative methods. A socio-historical study was made analysing European debates concerning force-feeding and the consumption of foie gras. Interviews were conducted with actors and representatives involved in the production of foie gras and developing tourism as well as with tourist eaters. Interactions with tourists were also observed notably during guided tours to farms producing foie gras. Finally, a questionnaire was completed by 662 tourist eaters visiting the Perigord Noir who have come from the Netherlands, The United Kingdom and France. Conclusions from the findings demonstrate an increasing importance by the international civil society in defining representations of food at a global level. What it represents is also diversely translated in local food models. Finally, the tourism experience, socio-culturally constructed and sensitively lived becomes an integral part in the individual updating of food models. When looking at the general circulation of food, what it represents and the consumer, the research clarifies a dialectic movement of standardisation-diversification of food imaginaries and practices
Gabsi, Abdallah. "Le Tourisme : croissance, développement et progrès dans le contexte de la mondialisation : mythe ou réalité? : le cas de la Tunisie de 1959 à 2004." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU2007.
Full textGoeury, David. "Les espaces du mérite : enclavement, tourisme et mondialisation. Les cas de Zaouïat Ahansal (Haut Atlas central, Maroc) et du Zanskar (Himalaya, Inde)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040128.
Full textThrough the study of Zaouiat Ahansal (Central High Atlas, Morocco) and Zanskar (Himalaya, India), the process of globalization has been discussed for the most marginalized areas that are the landlocked valleys of high mountain of developing countries. These two areas appear in the same geohistorical configuration. Bypassed by modern national infrastructure, these areas retain a very high infant and maternal mortality and very low literacy rates. However, from the western perspective, these valleys are considered as agrarian paradise. Their isolation is then enhanced by specific activities such as research in social sciences, outdoor sports and humanitarian commitment. Zaouïat Ahansal and Zanskar are areas invested by neo-adventurers who want to become gate-keepers between these valleys and their home society. These two valleys become global heterotopias or confined spaces mirroring global cities. Their progressive development through tourism and the growing role of the state ensure standardization of these valleys. However, a new class of transnational actors that we call global convivial class combines with NGOs to maintain specificity into these valleys. The relationship between authority, law and territory are renegotiated in a cosmopolitan frame to maintain “diversiality” of these valleys. This project is far from receiving the consensus of all people and requires the imposition of protected area status. Then, the two high valleys retain their status as heterotopia, their material isolation being extended by an ideal isolation
Weigert, Maxime. "Tourisme et intégration euro-méditerranéenne : quel rôle pour les firmes touristiques dans l'évolution du tourisme au Maghreb ?" Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010676/document.
Full textThis doctoral research was conducted within the framework of an action research for the Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Mediterranean World and is a contribution to Euro-Mediterranean regionalization studies. One of the particularities of North-South markets integration has to do with the role multinational companies play in the process as, spatial entity. Empirical studies on Asean Plus Three and Nafta processes demonstrate that the growth of regional trade has been aided by implementing integrated production systems that engage both Northern and Southern countries of the region. This retooling of regional production processes has been led by multinational firms seeking to benefit from comparative advantages and geographic proximity of less-developed neighboring countries. In so doing, they have fostered integration within the North-South production space. This thesis explores whether such a process can be emulated in the tourism sector, driven by leading multinational players, as has been the case in other conventional industrial sectors, at Euro-Maghreb scale. European tourism firms have played a dominant role in establishing the broad structures of the regional market while contributing to the diffusion of European economic norms to the South. Nevertheless, their ability to further develop integration faces obstacles such as shifting market demand determinants as seen in the ongoing evolution of tourist mobility and motivation, as well as issues related to business environment and regulatory framework particularly in this post-Arab Spring era
Jean-Alexis, Philippe. "Le commerce martiniquais entre insularité et mondialisation." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST3004.
Full textMartinique is a french departement who is situated in the caribbean archipelago. As her neighbour she have the constraint of insular like small space, exposure of naturals risks, distant. She has european statue of ultra periferik region. This legal fram conjugue itself with caraibeen competition and american nearness. Concerned martinican trade he is coming in globalization by three ways ; the european process, tourism, and geographical position in american continent and caraibbean space
Sari, Ni putu sartika. "Does Globalization of Tourism Serve as a Vector of Homogenization of Practices and Representations ? : the Study Case of Bali." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025ANGE0001.
Full textTourism, both a product and an agent of globalization, plays a central role in connecting people, cultures and economies, across borders. Globalization could lead to a standardization of tourists' behavior, all favoring the same places of frequentation and the same uses. This research therefore nourishes the intention to question the globalization of tourism, as a vector of homogenization of practices and representations, in the relation of the study of domestic and international tourism in Bali. Thus, we question the capacity of national cultural singularities to resist, in determining models of tourist practices, in a globalized world. Thereby, our methodology is based on a hybrid approach, combining qualitative and quantitative studies, through the prism of three perspectives: the offer of tour operators, the practices and representations of tourists, and the point of view of Balinese tourist guides. This research demonstrates that cultural singularities persist, and contribute to determining the specificity of places of frequentation, practices and associated values, according to the geocultural origin of vacationers. The globalization of tourism has not led to a homogenization of the frequentation of sites on the island, nor of the uses associated with them. On the contrary, the latter demonstrate great diversity. The globalized attraction of destinations can therefore hide a much more complex reality, relating to a combination of practices and representations, reflecting the socio cultural diversity of populations, which persist
Nguyen, Van Quân. "La protection du patrimoine historique et esthétique face à la mondialisation : l'exemple de la France et du Vietnam." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10071/document.
Full textThe heritage, which often leads to the notion of legacy transfer, is the result of a series of choices made upon the definition that a society or a group of people want to give themselves. Expressing both that identifies and differentiates it from other groups or societies, heritage involves some interpretation or even reconstruction of the past based on present issues. This way of conceiving heritage is directly tied to a past that is socially and historically constructed: invented in the West during the modern era, it was then extended to other societies. This extension of the concept of heritage seen as such is supported by the intensification of exchanges that characterizes the new global context for the past century. Indeed, in a context of globalization marked by the acceleration of international exchanges and the questioning of some traditional institutional frameworks, the heritage sector experiences a number of changes in both forms of its management and its valuation. Given the role of heritage on national identity and its increasing impact on the economy, heritage policy always plays an important role in the cultural policy of the State. Facing a world without borders, the state’s heritage policy undergoes significant changes. The considerable changes of the globalized world as we know do require new measures to protect, conserve and enhance the cultural heritage
Kroni, Prandvera. "Les fictions du tourisme albanais : des images et des lieux toujours en chantier." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2138.
Full textThe fall of walls and globalization have appointed new countries to open to the development of their tourism sector. At the heart of the Balkans, Albania, a former communist country, little known, even completely unknown, present both a destination and a blind spot in social sciences topic researches, a singularly challenging laboratory territory in terms of "(re) development of tourism" in a highly competitive market economy context and, this one, in the oldest tourist area in the world. Knowing during the 19-20th centuries her discovery and exploration travels, her tourist modernity’s before the Enver Hoxha’s era (1944-1991), which interrupted tourist development, that however have experienced its neighbors, Albania will face to his own weaknesses in terms of tourism development in the 21th century. This research aims to explore the historical density tourism practices - in successive political systems, to track since the nineteenth century the elements that have gradually created places, images and discourses of a "touristic Albania", constituting the material of a tourist offer, mobilized today by a plurality of actors and tourism ministries. Based on an approach considering a chronological diachronic approach through continuities and loss of discourse, this research reveals the construction of the first representations of travelers to Albania in the early 19th century, in order to present the image and Albanian tourism communication, both ancient and contemporary, based on a textual and iconographic analysis of tourist guides and new communication media. Representations and tourism practices of the Albanian youth in the 21th century, mobilized in a quantitative analysis by questionnaire focused in characteristics and construction through a process of the inversion of values
Katsika, Karolina. "L'écriture du voyage à l'ère de la mondialisation." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC017/document.
Full textThe thesis studies the evolution of the travel writing in the globalization era. By globalization we mean the speeding up and the banalization of transports and also the planetary interconnexion due to the new technologies. How the new travel types (tourism, globe-trotting) influence the practice of space in one hand, and the perception of the exoticism and the othemess on the other hand ? ls travel a déjà-vu because of the great number of images of the whole world, or discovery is still possible ? This research gives some answers to these questions. The corpus is composed of Foreign Words by the Greek writer Vassilis Alexakis, The Sicilian Carousel by the British writer Lawrence Durrell,Ali Soul's Day by the Dutch writer Cees Nooteboom , n Flying Mountain by the Austrian writer Christoph Ransmayr and Britney Spears' Kidnapping by the French writer Jean Rolin. This comparative literature research studies the evolution of the form, synchronie as diachronie. Then this study examines the motivations of nowdays travel and the creation of the imaginary through new technologies. The research reviews the important moments of the travel (departure, border crossing, arriva retum) and the different types of travel (tourism, quest travel, roaming, globe-troning) in order to identify the evolutions. This study concerns the questions of exoticism and otherness and also of the postcolonial. lt is also about the exoticism of different spaces and the « archipelization (fragmentation) of the world. Finally, the question of new exoticisms, like proximity exoticism, eisoticism and virtual exoticism, is approached
Wilson, Adam. "Dynamiques sociolinguistiques de la globalisation : l’exemple de l’Office du Tourisme de Marseille." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3085/document.
Full textMarseille is changing. For the past twenty years, the city has been investing in various “globalised” sectors, aiming to improve its prospects and rejuvenate its image. Among the transformations that this initiative has led to, the growth of the tourism industry is a notable example. Throughout its history, Marseille has gained a reputation for being a port of call for different migrant populations. How is the city reacting to the arrival of a new form of globalised mobility? What traces does this tourist mobility leave on its sociolinguistic fabric? This thesis aims to address these questions by exploring the links between social dynamics and language use in a setting central to Marseille’s tourist sector: the Marseille Tourist Office and Convention Bureau. Through interactional analyses of encounters between international tourists and tourist advisers, this research proposes a critical look at how language resources are deployed in this context. Special focus is given to analysing how participants select the language of interaction and it is shown how a “sociolinguistic dynamic of efficiency” and a “sociolinguistic dynamic of commodification” underpin these negotiations. These dynamics will be shown to favour, and therefore add value to, a repertoire made up of very few linguistic resources. It will be shown how the language practices in this situation become a part of the touristic context and how they may be considered as a manifestation of the inequality linked to globalisation processes
Mbaye, Mame Salah. "Mobilités touristiques et vacancières : une enquête socio-anthropologique sur l’articulation entre travail, vacances, congés et tourisme des sénégalais à l’intérieur du Sénégal à partir des lieux, des pratiques et des représentations." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCC008.
Full textThis thesis focuses on "the tourist mobility of Senegalese people within Senegal", with an emphasis on the link between holidays, holidays, leisure and tourist practices among Senegalese workers in Senegal. It aims to reflect Senegalese tourism practices, seen from the inside, by distinguishing itself from a "European-centred" vision of tourism. I opted for a qualitative approach based on semi-directive interviews with men and women employed in Senegal's public and private administrations.In the first part of the thesis, I propose a self-analysis that has allowed me to identify the problems of holidays and tourism based on a reflexive feedback on my own tourism practices and on my field practices. Not only has this relationship with the field generated "productive misunderstandings", in particular the emergence of a dual posture of "expert researcher" that I mobilized to maintain myself in the field and facilitate my access to the respondents, but it has also contributed to the formulation of hypotheses to analyze the vacation and tourism practices of Senegalese workers in Senegal.In the second part, I analysed the relationship between social times in the process leading to tourism practice. By looking at the way in which these different times interact and interpenetrate in the social life of employees, I have noted the "strategies" and "tactics" that Senegalese employees put in place in order to conquer the right to go on leave and negotiate their freedom from work activity. The socialization of employees, especially during holidays, has, in addition, a great involvement in the decision-making process of leaving or staying. Decisions taken by employees are based as much on the mobilization of values (altruism) to strengthen family ties as on the availability of financial resources and constraints related to the social and work environment.In the third part, I show that tourism practice is a process that results from internal influences, particularly from family, relatives, etc., but also from external influences such as Western tourists or diaspora relatives who come to spend holidays in Senegal. This has allowed me to highlight the role of the view of oneself and others in the construction of Senegalese identity through the way in which indigenous people put themselves in the shoes of travellers, tourists and expatriates who come to visit the country. As can also be the case during festive events such as the Magal de Touba, which encourages the movement of thousands of people throughout the country to go on pilgrimage. In this respect, Senegal's image is being reinvented by the Senegalese themselves. This leads to a change in the relationship with the country, with the nation, promoted by an awareness of their ability to show the country to each other, and in such a way as to make it exist before the eyes of all. Senegalese tourist identity is thus constructed through the practice of places under the influence of "significant others", who contribute to shaping, among Senegalese, another view of Senegal
Créquy, Aude. "Identité, tourisme et interculturalité : la rencontre interculturelle et son implication pour les chasseurs inuit d'Ittoqqortoormiit (Nord-Est du Groenland)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG010.
Full textIn a global context where nowadays exchanges are international and intercultural, it is interesting to wonder about the consequences of interculturality from an ethnological perspective. The touristic world is a wonderful indicator of one culture's outlook on another and the changes brought by crossculturality. In this thesis, interculturality is examined in a small town named Ittoqqortoormiit in the north-east coast of Greenland. This small Inuit community faces economic difficulties and tourism seems to be a solution to improve day-to-day life. The research question is then naturally oriented towards the integration of tourism in the Ittoqqortoormiit Inuit culture and towards consequent exchanges between hunters turned into guides and tourists mainly from Europe and North America. The Ittoqqortoormiit Greenlanders see hunting as a way to actively build and maintain their Inuit identity. The practice of hunting is normalized and follows social and cultural values shared by all the population. However in a intercultural context, hunting is viewed from other perspectives and the experience by tourists does not always match the touristic polar imagination that visitors expect to others, and at the same time interculturality and globalization influence the future of the hunting practice as an identity symbol
Lahoud, Pascale. "Resident behavior towards marketing tourism development in the Middle East." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12010.
Full textThe tourism industry has been on an exponential curve of growth worldwide, which resulted in an economic boom and a lot of social benefits for the cities and countries. This economic fallout has led many places to become tourism destinations. One of the most important roles of tourism growth are the residents (Butler, 1980; Murphy, 1985). Nowadays researchers added that when planners and developers are creating a marketing strategy, they have to take into consideration the perceptions, opinions and attitude of local residents, therefore marketers should concentrate on the residents to develop the strategy of marketing and promotion campaign dedicated to tourism (Liu & Wall, 2006). Lebanon during the 60’s and 70’s was known to be one of the best touristic destination in the world, after the 70’s the civil war has devastated the country and its economy and this is far from over in 2014. This thesis will focus on the involvement of the residents toward the tourism marketing and promotion campaign and not like other research that stress its study on the involvement of residents toward tourism development
Perez, Mike. "Voyage vers un autre Japon. Le département d'Okinawa comme laboratoire du tourisme des étrangers au Japon." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30017/document.
Full textEven though Japan is considered as a providing zone for international tourists during the second half of the twentieth century, since the early twenty-first century its government has been setting up policies aiming to reverse this trend. Japan wants to brand itself as an important tourist destination in the world. Inbound tourism is emphasized in Japanese history as an important stake in its national policies. The analysis on the current situation of inbound tourism in Japan is then proposed by a series of indicators, leading to structural models. In doing so, the Japanese territory “consumed” by foreign tourists is organized through a space trend called “multipolar binuclear”, including a main axis followed by pioneer fronts. In order to evaluate the relevance of inbound tourism in Okinawa, the proposed approach is based on map analysis and fieldworks. This was centered around Okinawa’s capital, Naha city. These fieldworks gathered surveys from shopkeepers about foreign tourists, interviews with the public and private actors and samples concerning the visibility of foreign languages in local shops. The results are divided in four categories: economic impact, social relations, symbolic representations and cultural exchanges. Disparities are revealed among the citizens, but also a lack of adaptation to foreign customer service, particularly in terms of communication. Local tourism production is still targeting toward Japanese customers, which is why the growth of foreign tourists arrivals is accompanied with a range of issues. However, a “cultural proximity” is felt towards two kind of foreign tourists, according to their nationality. Also, a hierarchy is drawn about the inner “cultural appeal elements”. While the entire system of tourist symbols is becoming more complex, it is observed through the prism of inbound tourism.The scope of observation is then widened in order to recontextualize these elements within the processes of national policies. Tourism related policies became gradually a coherent whole as the decentralization measures have developed in Japan. Nowadays, tourism is mainly handled by local governments, among whom Okinawa Prefecture is appearing as a precursor, as a guide. Besides, public administration of tourism is obviously involving in a liberal trend, leading to privatizations and hindered relations between public and private actors.Indeed, national policies are aiming to promote inbound tourism as a response to certain issues. The growth of foreign tourist arrivals is conceived as a solution to internal problems (demographic slump, upcoming contraction of the national demand, socioeconomic revitalization of declining areas). It also must lead to evolutions in terms of culture, meaning a reinforced influence worldwide (particularly towards Asian countries) and an identity-related “openness”.Concerning all these aspects, Okinawa Prefecture provides an important function as an experimental area. Each of its success are being reproduced in other parts of Japan. Furthermore, Okinawa is playing a complementary role, influencing and guiding national models in terms of public management, in symbolic representation, or even in terms of transculturality.In other words, this dissertation borrows some tools to the French geography of tourism, using concepts such as touristification, appealing elements and cultural attractiveness. It provides an unique analysis of the Japanese territory seen as an international tourism destination, including thoughts about the relation with the “Other” in Japan, about interactions between three scales (local, national, transnational). Above all, the thesis enlightens on a new kind of knowledge concerning Okinawa, this distinctive piece of Japan , which reveals unexpected realities of the nation
Sabre, Clothilde. "La mise en tourisme de la pop culture japonaise : la légitimité culturelle par le croisement des regards exotiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL12008.
Full textJapanese pop culture (manga and animation) has been successful in France for more than thirty years now, and it attracts more and more audience, with very deep lovers as a part of it. Anyway, this diffusion is not only a French phenomenon, as it has been a recognized and acknowledged success since the beginning of the 21st century.This is the frame of this research, which aims to show how the taste for Japanese pop culture, the imaginary of the country and the desire to visit it are linked. We will look at fans of Japanese pop culture and how they become tourists, since they use for the travel the pictures they have built about Japan through their strong intimacy with its pop culture.Taking the anthropology of tourism as a model, this presentation is divided in three parts, which are the three moments of a travel. Firstly, we are going to look at the moment before the trip, when the imaginary of the place is built. Then, we will move during the stay, when travelers are trying to immerge themselves in the country, using their previous picture of place and superimposing it to their concrete experience. So, we will conclude with the third stage, after the stay, trying to understand how this phenomenon is echoing into Japanese territory. We will see that it creates a sort of legitimization of the pop culture and its objects, which becomes a testimony of the Japanese cultural identity.The conducting thread of this research is then that legitimization of the Japanese pop culture, which is allowed by that praise outside of Japan, in a movement of recognition, when foreign and local looks are intertwining
Couture, Vincent. "Les vases communicants : une ethnographie des services reproductifs transfrontaliers au Canada." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11862.
Full textAbstract : Cross-border reproductive care (CBRC) refers to the movement from one jurisdiction to another of persons or reproductive material as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. This phenomenon has been observed in many countries, but the Canadian globalized ART system (or "reproscape") remains understudied empirically. This lack of data undermines the normative development in terms of ART. The aim of this dissertation is to describe and understand the Canadian reproscape in order to support ethical and legal reflection. To achieve this goal, we conducted a multi-site clinical ethnography combining (1) literature reviews, (2) participant and non-participant observation in two fertility clinics (Quebec and Ontario), a gamete importation and distribution agency and a dozen scientific congresses, (3) as well as semi-directed interviews with 45 actors of CBRC: users, medical professionals and intermediaries. The data were analyzed by inductive qualitative analysis assisted by NVivo 11 software. Three dimensions emerge from our results. (1) Regarding the legal and clinical contexts of ART, Canada is characterized by a local mosaic of laws and regulations that paradoxically influence CBRC. The altruistic obligation established by the Assisted Human Reproduction Act (AHRA) plays a predominant role on the reproscape. (2) In terms of the experience of the main actors, the simplicity of CBRC integrated to the clinic, such as the import of semen or oocytes, contrasts with the complexity of journeys abroad for which users often feel constrained. (3) When asked about their ethical perspectives, the actors mentioned four main positions: (a) the respect for their reproductive autonomy, (b) the individual and (c) social risks of CBRC, including the exploitation of egg donors as well as gestational surrogates, and (d) AHRA inconsistencies in its ability to mitigate these risks. Our conclusion is that the Canadian reproscape is characterized, inter alia, by a situation of "reproductive outsourcing." This concept is characterized by an institutional recognition of CBRC combined with a relocation of moral and medical risks outside national borders. The results of our study underline the inextricable local and global nature of ART and how CBRC works as communicating vessels.
Lourau, Julie. "Fêtes, identités et tourisme à Salvador de Bahia : les « pauvres » du commerce de rue dans la « fête monde » carnaval : population noire et informalité." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0562.
Full textThe starting point of this thesis is based on an ethnography of street traders during the public festivals and Salvador de Bahia's festival. The main question addressed by this research study is the place given to black culture in Brazilian society, in particular when it is the product of the poor, black population, as is the case of most street traders. To address this topic two research traditions have been used in Brazil. One involves the sociological studies that were first used in the 1930's (Bastide), the culture of Bahia seen and understood as a syncretic culture, where Brazil's 3 founding races (European, Indian and African) live in 'entente cordiale". The other is more recent, linked to urban anthropology (Hannerz) or to anthropology of cities (Agier), in which identity dynamics are looked at based on the study of the "moral regions" of Salvador and its festivals, which reveals the dynamics of marginalization and fragmentation that are in place in the city. These two perspectives allow us to set the syncretic vision (that of the street vendors) against the urban and global logics (those of the public powers), thus revealing the identity dilemma (found by myself as a social science researcher) on Salvador's street vendors: are they "afro-descendants" maintaining a tradition of street trading that belonged to the Africans of Salvador? Or are they "poor people" looking for a way to survive in the current economical panorama (well represented by the festive tourism section)?
Milazzo, Josepha. "Habiter un village global : migrations et expériences à Cadaqués (Catalogne, Espagne)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666863.
Full textCette thèse, qui vise la formalisation d’une géographie psycho-sociale, aborde le rôle de la psyché et de l’espace dans l’individuation et le rapport à l’autre, à travers l’habiter à Cadaqués, commune semi-rurale touristique de la Costa Brava espagnole, située au sein de la région catalane de l’Empordà, sur la côte méditerranéenne sud-européenne. Participant de la diversité immigrée locale, des non-nationaux extra/européens, souvent réduits au statut de travailleurs étrangers saisonniers et précaires, habitent aussi ce village, pour certains depuis longtemps. Dans cet espace partagé, traversé et riche de lignes de vies complexes, le vivre-ensemble avec autrui connaît pour autant divers compartimentages, liés à des positions sociales différenciées, et au marketing d’une prétendue authenticité autochtone. Une lecture trans-scalaire des évolutions spatiales et une approche biographique des expériences humaines permettent alors d’apprécier les transformations contemporaines du village dans la mondialisation, et les formes du co-habiter qui en résultent. Elles donnent à voir un lieu constitué de l’enchevêtrement séculaire de multiples mouvements matériels et idéels. Mais aussi des écarts, qui sont négociés entre les hommes selon des logiques communautaires mues par des intérêts variés, malgré des infortunes et des aspirations existentielles communes. L’analyse, qui s’appuie sur une enquête qualitative mobilisant un terrain ethnographique avec différents résidents interviewés, des données statistiques, de la presse locale, et l’outil cartographique, montre ainsi un quotidien animé par une pluralité d’univers. Les ferments géo-historiques d’une notoriété et d’une globalité villageoises et les enjeux actuels d’une coprésence héritée, sont mis en exergue par les migrations inter/nationales. Cette étude de cas étendue interroge donc de manière distanciée, située et ordinarisée, une participation des migrants à la localité plus souvent saisie en milieu urbain sous les angles de l’ethnicisme et de l’intégrationnisme méthodologiques. Face à une augmentation du racisme, un court-termisme politique, et une démocraticité discutable des droits à habiter et à se mouvoir en Europe et en Occident, cette thèse suggère la nécessité d’une pensée prospective et utopique renouvelée, sur une socialité respectueuse et promotrice d’altérité, et sur une citoyenneté associant ancrage et mobilité.
This thesis, which seeks to formalize a psycho-social geographical situation, reviews the role of the psyche and of space in individuation and the relationship with the other by studying everyday life in Cadaqués, a semi-rural tourist village on Spain’s Costa Brava, situated in the heart of the Catalan region of Empordà on the South-Mediterranean coast. This village has a diverse local population, given the presence of European and non-European immigrants who are often reduced to the status of foreign seasonal and temporary workers, often long-term. In this shared community, with a wide variety of rich and complex lives, co-habitation with outsiders leads to the emergence of several subgroups based on hierarchical social position and promotion of a so-called native authenticity. A transcalar interpretation of spatial changes and a biographical approach on human experience permits an assessment of contemporary transformations in this village as part of the global world and of different forms of co-habitation that emanate from this situation. It describes a space constituted by a secular interaction of a wide range of material and idealistic changes, while at the same time, exposing the variations negotiated between individuals along community lines and influenced by various interests, despite their shared existential misfortunes and aspirations. This analysis, which is based on a qualitative survey of an ethnographic terrain, interviews with different categories of residents, statistical data, press articles, and mapping, reveals daily life functioning within a plurality of universes. Geohistorical catalysts of notoriety and adherence to globalization processes of the village of Cadaqués, as well as issues arising from a co-habitation between native population and visitors, are both highlighted by inter/national migrations. This extended case study takes a distanced, situated and ordinarized approach to questioning the participation of migrants in their village, a participation that is more often analysed in an urban environment from the perspective of methodological ethnicism and inclusiveness. With the rise in racism, political short-term vision and disputes over conformity to democratic principles, specifically the right to live and move around Europe and the West, this thesis demonstrates the importance of initiating a renewed prospective and utopic approach to a respectful sociality that is capable of promoting otherness and a citizenship that permits both rooting and mobility.
Drapeau, Thierry. "Expérimenter l'économie mondiale : ethnographie sociopolitique de la nation Secwepemc de l'époque pré-coloniale au néolibéralisme global." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25269/25269.pdf.
Full textChapuis, Amandine. "Performances touristiques et production des identités spatiales individuelles à Amsterdam." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010682.
Full textMehadji, Meriem. "Les politiques culturelles et le processus de développement dans le monde arabe : analyse d’une série d’indicateurs." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D005/document.
Full textIn 2010, the appraisal of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) indicated that all the countries and the different actors involved in this process should underlay their efforts to implement projects adapted to the nature of the various societies. To this end, the issue of "culture" has emerged as an obvious and inherent factor in achieving these goals.Our research issue raises in this context through a geostrategic area which undergoes great changes in the political, economic and social level. Thus, can the culture constitute a basic element in the development programs undertaken in the Arab States? The present thesis is developed through three main stages. First, the integration of culture in this process as a real sector. Then, the means and methods used by the different actors involved and concerned with the field of culture in the Arab countries. Finally, specific indicators related to the region which could show the limits, but also the potential of Arab States.This approach acts as clearing, insofar as the development through cultural sector remains largely untapped in the Arab world. However, the changes occurring in recent years in the region can lead to a genuine reconsideration of the cultural sector and its relationship with the development process
Chevalier, Dominique. "Musées et musées-mémoriaux urbains consacrés à la Shoah : mémoires douloureuses et ancrages géographiques. Les cas de Berlin, Budapest, Jérusalem, Los Angeles, Montréal, New York, Paris, Washington." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811670.
Full textGaudette, Pascal. "Le djembé, enjeux : éléments d'une mondialisation à grandeur humaine." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18066.
Full textThibeault, François. "Le bouddhisme dans la société mondiale : circuler en Inde sur les chemins du Bouddha." Thèse, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5447/1/Thibeault-2013-these-le_bouddhisme_dans_la_societe_mondiale.pdf.
Full textBoisvert, François. "Le développement touristique à Utila au Honduras : une île dans l'économie d'archipel." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3695/1/M11683.pdf.
Full textDrapeau, Thierry. "Expérimenter l'économie mondiale : ethnographie sociopolitique de la nation Secwepemc de l'époque pré-coloniale au néolibéralisme global /." 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25269/25269.pdf.
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