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Journal articles on the topic 'Toxic nodule'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pereira, Lívia, Cinthia Riguetto, Arnaldo Neto, Marcos Tambascia, Celso Ramos, and Denise Zantut-Wittmann. "Fixed 30 mCi (1110 MBq) 131I-iodine therapy in autonomously functioning nodules: Single toxic nodule as a predictive factor of success." World Journal of Nuclear Medicine 20, no. 04 (2021): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_150_20.

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AbstractAims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a fixed 30 mCi (1110 MBq) 131I-iodine dose for the treatment of hyperthyroidism due to uninodular or multinodular toxic goiter and identify predictors of success. Materials and Methods: Fifty-nine patients diagnosed with nonautoimmune toxic goiter were treated with a fixed 30 mCi dose of 131I-iodine and were followed at a tertiary service between 2000 and 2016. The therapy was considered successful if the patient reached euthyroidism or hypothyroidism without needing an extra 131I-iodine dose or antithyroid drugs for at least 1

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Yurekli, Banu Sarer, Hatice Ozisik, Nilufer Ozdemir Kutbay, Ozer Makay, Gokhan Ozgen, and Aysegul Akgun. "A case of papillary thyroid carcinoma in toxic adenoma: are hyperfunctioning nodules truly innocent all the times?" International Surgery Journal 4, no. 3 (2017): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20170867.

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Thyroid nodule is seen commonly in clinical practice. Thyroid scintigraphy should be performed for the evaluation of thyroid nodules in case of suppressed TSH. We would like to present a case of toxic adenoma with the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Forty-four-year-old female patient had applied to the hospital with the diagnosis of thyroid nodule. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed for the evaluation of thyroid nodule measured as 47x12 mm. This nodule was in mixed solid form bearing cystic components. FNAB revealed that the thyroid nodule was benign. Our ultr

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3

Kasina, Siva Kumar, Erin E. Hayward, Geeta Lal, and Marcelo Correia. "Toxic Thyroid Nodule: To FNA or Not?" Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1843.

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Abstract Background: ATA guidelines recommend evaluation of hyperthyroidism with radioiodine scan and consideration of FNA for non-toxic nodules with suspicious sonographic features. However, there is no standard evidence-based approach to performing ultrasound in patients with toxic nodules. Recent studies have shown increased rates of thyroid cancer in patients with hyperthyroidism and has been shown to demonstrate aggressive histologic features. Clinical Case: A 41-year-old female presented to primary care provider for annual physical exam, found to have intermittent bigeminy and enlarged t

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Steinmetz-Wood, Samantha, Amanda Kennedy, Bradley Tompkins, and Matthew Philip Gilbert. "Navigating the Debate on Large (4+cm) Thyroid Nodules: Local Insight on a Persisting Problem." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1770.

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Abstract Background: Thyroid nodules are a common clinical finding, however discordant practice guidelines for managing large nodules may result in unnecessary surgeries and excess costs. Recent data suggest similar false negative rates in fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies between small (&lt;4cm) and large (4+ cm) nodules, indicating that monitoring rather than surgery may be appropriate for large nodules. Evaluating current management strategies may reveal insights regarding excess surgeries, costs and opportunities for improvement. Objectives: The goal of this project was to describe

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5

Purewal, Tiffany, Christopher Lesniak, Andrew Ravin, and Jennifer Cheng. "A Rare Case of a Toxic Thyroid Nodule Found in a Hypothyroid Patient on Levothyroxine Therapy." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1869.

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Abstract Introduction: A hyperfunctional thyroid nodule can lead to symptoms of overt or subclinical hyperthyroidism but the association between a hyperfunctional thyroid nodule and hypothyroidism has not been well reported. We present a patient with a prior history of hypothyroidism previously controlled on Levothyroxine who later presented with an enlarging hot nodule. Case Presentation: A 62-year-old female with a history of factor V Leiden, hypothyroidism on levothyroxine therapy, and a meningioma presented to an outpatient clinic with complaints of fatigue, constipation, and 37-pound weig

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Steinmetz-Wood, Samantha N., Amanda G. Kennedy, Bradley J. Tompkins, and Matthew P. Gilbert. "Navigating the Debate on Managing Large (≥4 cm) Thyroid Nodules." International Journal of Endocrinology 2022 (April 16, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6246150.

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Purpose. Discordant practice guidelines for managing large thyroid nodules may result in unnecessary surgeries and costs. Recent data suggest similar false-negative rates in fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies between small (<4 cm) and large (≥4 cm) nodules, indicating that monitoring rather than surgery may be appropriate for large biopsy-negative nodules. We investigated the management of thyroid nodules ≥4 cm to determine the proportion of surgeries not necessary for diagnostic purposes and examined for potential predictors. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients wh

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Mandal, Nibaran, Shib Shankar Kuiri, Mintu Mohan Nandi, Bikash Chandra Ghosh, Goutam Ghosh, and Yash Sharma. "A study of clinical profile and management of dominant thyroid nodule in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2017): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v8i4.17321.

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Background: A dominant thyroid nodule (swelling) is a discrete swelling in a gland with clinical evidence of generalized abnormality in the form of palpable contra-lateral lobe or generalized mild nodularity. About 30% of thyroid nodules are dominant. The important aspect in evaluation of dominant thyroid nodule is to exclude malignancy.Aims and Objectives: 1) to determine incidence of dominant thyroid nodule in relation with age and sex. 2) to determine the functional status of thyroid in dominant nodule. 3) to determine role of FNAC to diagnose a case of dominant thyroid nodule 4) incidence

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8

Gumerova, G. T., V. A. Makarin, A. F. Tushova, et al. "Ethanol Sclerotherapy Combined with Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Toxic Adenoma: Clinical Case." Creative surgery and oncology 15, no. 2 (2025): 97–103. https://doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2025-15-2-97-103.

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Introduction. Thyrotoxic states are the result of an overproduction of thyroid hormones. Statistics from Russia indicate an increasing incidence of thyrotoxicosis, with 132 cases documented per 100,000 population in 2018. Diffuse toxic goiter is among the most frequent pathologies associated with thyrotoxic conditions. Hyperthyroidism can also result from toxic thyroid adenomas. Toxic nodular goiter is a condition that can manifest in various ways, including single lobe involvement with a solitary nodule or multiple nodules within one or both lobes. The clinical features of these adenomas enco

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9

Fortuna, Gliceida Maria Galarza, Paola Rios, Ailyn Rivero, et al. "Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With Cystic Changes in a Patient With Prior History of Toxic Nodule." Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports 8 (January 2020): 232470962094267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2324709620942672.

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Thyroid nodules are palpable on up to 7% of asymptomatic patients. Cancer is present in 8% to 16% of those patients with previously identified thyroid nodules. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of thyroid cancers. Although most appear as solid nodules on ultrasound imaging, a subset of 2.5% to 6% has cystic components. The presence of cystic changes within thyroid nodules decreases the accuracy of fine needle aspiration (FNA) in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, given the difficulty of obtaining appropriate cellular con

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10

Rogova, Olga S., Goar F. Okminyan, Lubov N. Samsonova, et al. "Papillary thyroid cancer in an adolescent with a toxic single nodular goiter." Problems of Endocrinology 63, no. 2 (2017): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl2017632114-116.

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The rate of nodular goiter in children ranges from 0.05 to 5.1%; in this case, the risk of thyroid cancer in childhood amounts to 3―70% of all cases of thyroid pathology. Therefore, the main issue is the differential diagnosis of a nosological variant of a thyroid nodule, which defines the optimal therapeutic tactics for a particular patient. The risk of malignancy is traditionally believed to be low in the case of decompensated functional autonomy of a thyroid nodule; therefore, the need for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) followed by cytomorphological analysis of the aspirate is avoided

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Alfishawy, Mostafa, Karim Anwar, Amira Elbendary, and Ahmed Daoud. "Pemphigus Vulgaris with Solitary Toxic Thyroid Nodule." Case Reports in Endocrinology 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/474359.

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Background.Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune vesiculobullous disease, affecting the skin and mucous membranes. It is reported to be associated with other autoimmune diseases including autoimmune thyroid diseases. However we report herein a case of pemphigus vulgaris associated with autonomous toxic nodule.Case Presentation.A 51-year-old woman was evaluated for blisters and erosions that develop on her trunk, face, and extremities, with a five-year history of progressively enlarging neck mass, and a past medical history of pemphigus vulgaris seven years ago. The condition was associated with

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12

Foppiani, L., A. Marugo, P. Del Monte, et al. "Thyroid paraganglioma manifesting as hot toxic nodule." Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 28, no. 7 (2005): 479–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03347231.

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13

DeRubertis, Frederick R., and Stanley J. Geyer. "Case Report: Unilateral Multinodular Toxic Goiter: Scintiscan Mimicking Solitary Toxic Nodule." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 291, no. 3 (1986): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000441-198603000-00008.

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14

Trinchera, Clint, and Emmanuel Tadeus Cruz. "Association of Ultrasonographic Findings and Thyroid Malignancy: A Cross-Sectional Study." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 34, no. 2 (2019): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v34i2.115.

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Objective: To determine the association of thyroid malignancy and the following ultrasonographic findings: presence of solid hypoechoic nodule, irregular margins (infiltrative, microlobulated, or speculated), microcalcifications or disrupted rim calcifications with small extrusive hypoechoic soft tissue component, taller than wide shape of the thyroid nodule, and evidence of extrathyroidal extension. Methods: Design: Cross-Sectional Study Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital Participants: Records of patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck S

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Aksionau, A., and E. Wei. "Toxic Adenoma Mimicking Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (2020): S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.093.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective A thyroid nodule requires multiple steps in the identification of its nature, which determines its management. In most cases, low TSH levels support a benign origin. However, examples of hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma have been reported. Recent observations show that the number of thyroid cancer increases with the prevalence in young patients. The ambiguity of some cases necessitates the use of a full range of diagnostic methods up to molecular cytological diagnostics. Methods We present a report on the case of an 11-year-old boy complaining of weight loss d

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Krohn, Knut, Dagmar Führer, Hans-Peter Holzapfel, and Ralf Paschke. "Clonal Origin of Toxic Thyroid Nodules with Constitutively Activating Thyrotropin Receptor Mutations1." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 83, no. 1 (1998): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.83.1.4477.

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Constitutively activating TSH receptor mutations have recently been detected in toxic nodules. In vitro studies suggest that mutated receptor signaling constitutively elevates cAMP, which causes hyperfunction and proliferation of thyrocytes. Therefore, toxic nodules with constitutively activating somatic TSH receptor mutations should result from clonal expansion of a single mutated cell. To test this hypothesis, we studied the clonal origin of 27 toxic nodules. In 13 of 27 nodules, a somatic mutation in the TSH receptor was identified. A PCR-based clonality assay that analyzes X-chromosome ina

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Stambulska, Uliana Ya, Maria M. Bayliak, and Volodymyr I. Lushchak. "Chromium(VI) Toxicity in Legume Plants: Modulation Effects of Rhizobial Symbiosis." BioMed Research International 2018 (February 14, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8031213.

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Most legume species have the ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with soil nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria that promote plant growth and productivity. There is an increasing evidence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) important role in formation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis and nodule functioning. Environmental pollutants such as chromium compounds can cause damage to rhizobia, legumes, and their symbiosis. In plants, toxic effects of chromium(VI) compounds are associated with the increased production of ROS and oxidative stress development as well as with inhibition of pigment synthesi

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Berger, Antoine, Alexandre Boscari, Pierre Frendo, and Renaud Brouquisse. "Nitric oxide signaling, metabolism and toxicity in nitrogen-fixing symbiosis." Journal of Experimental Botany 70, no. 17 (2019): 4505–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz159.

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AbstractInteractions between legumes and rhizobia lead to the establishment of a symbiotic relationship characterized by the formation of a new organ, the nodule, which facilitates the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) by nitrogenase through the creation of a hypoxic environment. Significant amounts of nitric oxide (NO) accumulate at different stages of nodule development, suggesting that NO performs specific signaling and/or metabolic functions during symbiosis. NO, which regulates nodule gene expression, accumulates to high levels in hypoxic nodules. NO accumulation is considered to assi

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19

Francis, Essien, Jacocks Charles, Elkins Blake, and Tate Joshua. "Does Marine Lenhart Syndrome really exist?" Archives of Medical Case Reports and Case Study 4, no. 5 (2021): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2692-9392/086.

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Primary hyperthyroidism is the result of overproduction of thyroid hormone resulting in the classic symptoms of tachycardia, weight loss, diaphoresis, and hyperdefecation. There are multiple common causes to include Graves’ disease, toxic multinodular goiter, and solitary toxic adenomas. Marine Lenhart Syndrome (MLS) is a rare cause of hyperthyroidism, caused by a coexistence of constitutively active thyroid nodules and Graves’ disease. In the original document of Marine and Lenhart, there is no distinction made between the autoimmune phenomenon of Graves’ disease and the solitary toxic nodule

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20

Park, Guisuk, Eun Mee Oh, Won Jong Song, Young Don Lee, and Yoo Seung Chung. "Significance of Surgical Treatment for Toxic Thyroid Nodule." Korean Journal of Endocrine Surgery 13, no. 3 (2013): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.16956/kjes.2013.13.3.151.

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21

Soule, Jeremy, and Ronald Mayfield. "Graves' Disease After 131I Therapy for Toxic Nodule." Thyroid 11, no. 1 (2001): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10507250150500720.

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22

GHEMIGIAN, A., I. POPESCU, E. PETROVA, and M. GHEMIGIAN. "Toxic thyroid adenoma – case presentation and general considerations." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 10, no. 2 (2015): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2015.2.20.

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Toxic thyroid adenoma is the third leading cause of hyperthyroidism (following Graves-Basedow disease and toxic multinodular goiter). It consists in the presence of a single nodule that autonomously produces thyroid hormones, causing – in time – outlining of characteristic clinical picture of hyperthyroidism. Paraclinical diagnosis involves thyroid hormones assesment and thyroid ultrasound and scintigraphy that show characteristic changes. There are several treatment options and, with correct management, the prognosis is very good.

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23

Watson, S. G., A. D. Radford, A. Kipar, P. Ibarrola, and L. Blackwood. "Somatic mutations of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor gene in feline hyperthyroidism: parallels with human hyperthyroidism." Journal of Endocrinology 186, no. 3 (2005): 523–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06277.

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Hyperthyroidism is the most common endocrinopathy in cats, and is both clinically and histopathologically very similar to human toxic nodular goitre (TNG). Molecular studies on human TNG have revealed the presence of mis-sense mutations in the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene, most frequently in exon 10. Our hypothesis was that similar mutations exist in hyperthyroid cats. Genomic DNA was extracted from 134 hyperplastic/ adenomatous nodules (from 50 hyperthyroid cats), and analysed for the presence of mutations in exon 10 of the TSHR gene. 11 different mutations were detected,

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Smyth, P. P. A., D. Neylan, N. M. McMullan, D. F. Smith, and T. J. McKenna. "Sequential presentation of a case of hyperthyroidism with autonomously functioning nodules and Graves' disease in the presence of IgG thyroid stimulators." Acta Endocrinologica 118, no. 4 (1988): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1180474.

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Abstract. The rare occurrence of hyperthyroidism with an autonomously functioning nodule which following 131I therapy presented as toxic diffuse goitre (Graves' disease) is described in a 60 year old male. This progression was characterised by the presence of varying concentrations of IgG thyroid stimulators, thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins and thyroid growth stimulating immunoglobulins, as measured by cytochemical bioassay. It is postulated that the presence of the nodule and its associated hypersecretion of thyroid hormones may have protected the gland from the effects of IgG stimulators

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Yueh, Lih-Yuh, and David L. Hensley. "PESTICIDE INFLUENCE ON NITROGEN FIXATION AND MODULATION BY SOYBEAN AND LIMA BEAN." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1145f—1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1145f.

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The influence of 12 pesticides on C2H4 reduction and modulation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) was evaluated. All except diazinon were innocuous at 3× the label rate. Diazinon decreased C2H4 reduction of soybean 2 days after application, but not after 7 days or at normal label rates. Nitrogen fixation of excised nodules imbibed with diazinon indicated that it may have directly affected nitrogenase function. Soybean nodule numbers were decreased by application of 3× rates of methomyl and trifluralin, but lima bean nodule numbers were decreased only by tri

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Tovkai, O. A., V. O. Palamarchuk, N. V. Smolovyk, et al. "Effectiveness of minimally invasive methods (laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy and percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy) in the treatment of Plummer’s disease." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) 20, no. 6 (2024): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.20.6.2024.1438.

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Background. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of minimally invasive methods, such as laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) and its combination with percutaneous ethanol ablation (PEA), in treating toxic thyroid adenomas. To determine the multiplicity of the LITT procedure and parameters of laser radiation to achieve a stable positive therapeutic effect. Materials and methods. Between 2020 and 2024, 24 patients with Plummer's disease who did not receive previous thyrostatic therapy before the LITT session were treated and were divided into 2 groups. Patient

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Osorio, Carlos, Jorge Ballestas, Diego Barrios, et al. "Clinical characteristics associated with the finding of thyroid cancer originating from hot nodules in patients with hyperthyroidism: a case report and systematic review of the literature." Revista Colombiana de Cirugía 36, no. 4 (2021): 682–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30944/20117582.790.

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Coexistence between thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism is rare, and most of the nodular lesions from which a malignant tumor is documented in this group of patients correspond to cold nodules. Justified by the increasing number of reports in the literature about malignant tumors diagnosed from hot nodules, a systematic review was carried out to determine possible factors associated with the diagnosis of thyroid cancer from hot nodules in patients with hyperthyroidism. The results suggest that the clinical diagnosis of toxic nodular goiter, nodular lesions of diameter > 10 mm and a histologi

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Gustavo, Cancela EP Lopes Rego RC Silva Diniz GM Campolina Cardoso GM Pfeilsticker RM Sanches A. Trindade dos Santos BMR Graf H. "Compressive Non-Toxic Intrathoracic Goiter in Patient with Contraindication to Surgical Treatment: Case Report." J Biomed Res Environ Sci 3, no. 3 (2022): 240–45. https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1429.

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<strong>Introduction: </strong>Thyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for non-toxic compressive Multinodular Goiter (MNG). However, when surgery is contraindicated, other therapeutic options should be evaluated. In this case report, non-surgical therapeutic possibilities are reviewed, and the results obtained with Radioiodine Therapy (RAI) after stimulating with Recombinant Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (rhTSH) are described. <strong>Case report:</strong> A 92-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities, non-toxic MNG, and symptomatic compression of the trachea and esophagus. Accord

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Jeong, Seungwoo, Vadim Schütz, Fatih Demir, et al. "Cyclic Isothiocyanate Goitrin Impairs Lotus japonicus Nodulation, Affects the Proteomes of Nodules and Free Mesorhizobium loti, and Induces the Formation of Caffeic Acid Derivatives in Bacterial Cultures." Plants 13, no. 20 (2024): 2897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13202897.

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The continuous release of glucosinolates into the soil by Brassicaceae root exudation is a prerequisite to maintaining toxic levels of breakdown products such as isothiocyanates (ITCs). ITCs influence plant and microbial diversity in ecosystems, while fungi and Rhizobiaceae are particularly injured. Studies explaining the molecular mechanisms of the negative effects are presently limited. Therefore, we investigated the early effects of cyclic ITC goitrin on proteomes of the host and symbiotic Mesorhizobium loti in the nodules of Lotus japonicus and of free-living bacteria. In the nodules, many

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Solymosi, Tamas, Zsolt Melczer, Istvan Szabolcs, Endre V. Nagy, and Miklos Goth. "Percutaneous Ethanol Sclerotherapy of Symptomatic Nodules Is Effective and Safe in Pregnant Women: A Study of 13 Patients with an Average Follow-Up of 6.8 Years." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/765950.

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Background.Because of the increased risk of surgery, thyroid nodules causing compression signs and/or hyperthyroidism are concerning during pregnancy.Patients and Methods.Six patients with nontoxic cystic, four with nontoxic solid, and three with overt hyperthyroidism caused by toxic nodules were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEI). An average of 0.68 mL ethanol per 1 mL nodule volume was administered. Mean number of PEI treatments for patients was 2.9. Success was defined as the shrinkage of the nodule by more than 50% of the pretreatment volume (V0) and the normalizatio

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Giuffrida, Giuseppe, Salvatore Giovinazzo, Rosaria Certo, et al. "An uncommon case of Marine-Lenhart syndrome." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 58, no. 4 (2014): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-2730000003173.

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The term Marine-Lenhart syndrome describes the association between Graves’ disease and autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN), such as toxic adenoma or toxic multinodular goiter. The two diseases may coexist or may be present at different moments in the same patient. In the literature, there are many reports on the development of Graves’ disease after radioiodine treatment for AFTN, but very little information may be found on the occurrence of AFTN after radioiodine therapy for Graves’ disease. We describe here the case of a female patient with Graves’ disease who was successfully tre

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Raman, Muhamad Fazrin. "IODINE-131 RESISTANCE IN A CASE OF TOXIC ADENOMA REQUIRING MULTIPLE COURSES OF RAI-131." Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 39, S1 (2024): 91. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.039.s1.155.

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INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUNDHyperthyroidism is a state of hyperactive thyroid gland secreting excessive thyroid hormone causing a constellation of symptoms to multiple organs and systems. Hyperthyroidism can be caused by an autoimmune condition (Graves’ disease), inflammation of the thyroid (thyroiditis), or due to functioning thyroid nodules (hot nodule or toxic multinodular goitre). We report a case of toxic adenoma, who received Iodine-131 four times with a cumulative dose of 69 mCi; however, persistent hyperthyroidism required additional treatment with ATD. Subsequently, she underwent left hemi

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IKEKUBO, K., M. HINO, H. ITO, et al. "The Development of a Solitary Toxic Thyroid Nodule Following Graves?? Disease." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 13, no. 10 (1988): 748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-198810000-00014.

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Mattern, Matthew, and Perry Gerard. "Incidental Detection of a Toxic Autonomous Thyroid Nodule During Breast Lymphoscintigraphy." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 31, no. 8 (2006): 472–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.rlu.0000227362.33910.7a.

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CIRILLO, ROBERT L., RODNEY V. POZDERAC, DONNA A. CANIANO, and JAMES M. FALKO. "Metastatic Pure Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as a Toxic Hot Nodule." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 23, no. 6 (1998): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199806000-00001.

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EW, Nur ‘Aini, Fatimah Zaherah MS, Rohaya AR, Khariah MN, and Rohana AG. "A RARE PRESENTATION OF THYROID CANCER IN YOUNG ADULT, WITH CONCOMITANT SUBCLINICAL HYPERTHYROIDISM." Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 34 (July 17, 2019): 44. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.034.s73.

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INTRODUCTIONThyroid malignancy is uncommon in children and adolescents. It accounts for 1.5 to 3% of all carcinomas in this age group. Thyroid cancers are rarely associated with thyroid hyperfunction. The incidence of this co-incidence is highly variable, reported to be as low as 0.15%. CASEA previously healthy 19-year-old woman presented with one day history of neck swelling and sore throat. She was clinically euthyroid. Review after 2 weeks showed a persistent mass, consistent with thyroid nodule. Examination showed a blood pressure of 112/74, heart rate of 80 beats/minute and normal body te

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RAZA, SOHAIL, HAMAD RAZA, ZAHID SAEED, and Mubasher Ahmed. "FNAC IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SOLITARY THYROID NODULE." Professional Medical Journal 13, no. 04 (2006): 596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2006.13.04.4934.

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Objective: To determine the significant role of FNAC upon other diagnosticmodalities in pre-operative investigations of patients presenting with solitary thyroid nodules and to compare the postoperative histopathological results with the results of FNAC. Design: A Comparative study. Place and Duration ofStudy: Department of Surgery Combined Military Hospital Quetta and Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi fromDecember 1999 to December 2001. Patients and Methods: In this study 46 patients with solitary thyroid nodule werestudied. Only 2 patients were toxic while remaining 44 were with euthyroi

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Hemmati, Hamid reza, Banafshe Shahnazari, and Majid Foroutan. "The Effect of Fine needle aspiration on Detecting Malignancy in Thyroid Nodule." Biomolecular Concepts 10, no. 1 (2019): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2019-0012.

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AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of thyroid nodules is 4-7% in adults. Although less than 5% of nodules in adults are malignant, most nodules are non-neoplastic or benign. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a diagnostic technique for evaluation of non-toxic nodules, which has been widely accepted. Its primary objective is the patient triage in order to identify those who need surgery and aid in the decision of the appropriate surgical procedures.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted on 116 patients who underwent thyroidectomy in Semnan’s Kowsar Hospital during 2011-2018 in

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Hay, Anne-Emmanuelle, Aude Herrera-Belaroussi, Marjolaine Rey, Pascale Fournier, Philippe Normand, and Hasna Boubakri. "Feedback Regulation of N Fixation in Frankia-Alnus Symbiosis Through Amino Acids Profiling in Field and Greenhouse Nodules." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 33, no. 3 (2020): 499–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-10-19-0289-r.

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Symbiosis established between actinorhizal plants and Frankia spp., which are nitrogen-fixing actinobacteria, promotes nodule organogenesis, the site of metabolic exchange. The present study aimed to identify amino acid markers involved in Frankia-Alnus interactions by comparing nodules and associated roots from field and greenhouse samples. Our results revealed a high level of citrulline in all samples, followed by arginine (Arg), aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), γ-amino-n-butyric acid (GABA), and alanine (Ala). Interestingly, the field metabolome approach highlighted more contrasted amino a

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Ahmad, Shahzad, and Jules Aljammal. "Abstract #544 Radio Frequency Ablation of a Toxic Nodule and Its Effects on Nodule Vascularity Volume and Thyroid Function." Endocrine Practice 25 (April 2019): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1530-891x(20)46888-0.

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Naidu, Thaalitha, Siti Sanaa Wan Azman, Masliza Hanuni Mohd Ali, and Syuhada Dan Adnan. "HYPERTHYROIDISM WITH SEVERE TRANSAMINITIS IN A PREGNANT FEMALE WITH A TOXIC NODULE." Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 40, S1 (2025): 26. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.040.s1.038.

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INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism occurs in 0.1–0.4% of pregnancies, mostly due to Graves’ disease. Other causes include toxic adenoma, multinodular goitre and trophoblastic tumours. CASE A 27-year-old primigravida at 9 weeks presented with vomiting, epigastric discomfort, anorexia, palpitations and weight loss of 8 kg in one month. Family history was significant for thyroid malignancy. On examination, she was alert but dehydrated, icteric and tachycardic (HR 120 bpm), spiking fever (38°C) with tremors present. No goitre or thyroid eye signs noted. Systemic findings were unremarkable. In

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Dinkins, Randy D., Julie A. Hancock, Derek M. Bickhart, Michael L. Sullivan, and Hongyan Zhu. "Expression and Variation of the Genes Involved in Rhizobium Nodulation in Red Clover." Plants 11, no. 21 (2022): 2888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212888.

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Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important forage crop and serves as a major contributor of nitrogen input in pasture settings because of its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. During the legume-rhizobial symbiosis, the host plant undergoes a large number of gene expression changes, leading to development of root nodules that house the rhizobium bacteria as they are converted into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. Many of the genes involved in symbiosis are conserved across legume species, while others are species-specific with little or no homology across species and likely regulate the s

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Manta, Ringo, Raoul Muteganya, Abraham J. Beun, Jennifer Fallas, and Kris G. Poppe. "An Exceptional Cause of Increased 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake on PET/CT in a Thyroid Nodule." Diagnostics 13, no. 2 (2023): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020296.

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A 41-year-old female underwent a cervical spine CT for the workup of posterior neck pain irradiating to the shoulders for several months. An incidental thyroid nodule was found and classified as Bethesda III on the Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results. Three months later, the patient developed mild shortness of breath, dry cough, and fever. Chest X-ray revealed a mild enlargement in the bilateral hilar regions. CT showed mediastinal and bilateral hilar enlarged lymph nodes and pulmonary micronodules. The workup was further completed with a 18F-FDG PET/CT, showing intense FDG uptake i

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Digonnet, Antoine, Esther Willemse, Cécile Dekeyser, Nicolas de Saint Aubain, Moreau Michel, and Guy Andry. "Surgical Management of Toxic Multinodular Goiter." World Journal of Endocrine Surgery 3, no. 2 (2011): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10002-1060.

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ABSTRACT Management of toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) is still debated. We report our current experience with thyroidectomy for toxic multinodular goiter at a tertiary center. A retrospective database of 141 patients who underwent surgery for TMNG disease from January 1985 to December 2008. During that period, six patients underwent subtotal thyroidectomy and 135 patients underwent near total thyroidectomy. Around 53 patients (38%) underwent surgery for recurrent disease after medical therapy; 88 patients (62%) had surgery as a primary treatment, the indications were large goiter size in 58

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Cesareo, Roberto, Anda Mihaela Naciu, Valerio Pasqualini, et al. "A Rare Complication following Thyroid Percutaneous Ethanol Injection: Plummer Adenoma." Case Reports in Endocrinology 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1026139.

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Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) is a technique used only for benign thyroid nodules, cystic or mixed cystic-solid with a large fluid component. It is a quite low-cost, safe, and outpatient method of treatment. Rare and severe complications have been described after PEI: jugular vein thrombosis and severe ethanol toxic necrosis of the larynx combined with necrotic dermatitis. Moreover, only four thyrotoxicosis cases due to Graves’ disease have been reported. We report a case of 58-year-old female with a voluminous thyroid cystic nodule, occupying almost the entire left thyroid lobe. Our pa

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Mohamed, Tarek Zaghloul, Ahmed Abd El Aal Sultan, Mohamed Tag El-Din, et al. "Incidence and Risk Factors of Thyroid Malignancy in Patients with Toxic Nodular Goiter." International Journal of Surgical Oncology 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1054297.

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Background. Although hyperfunctioning thyroid disorders were thought to be protective against malignancy, some recent studies reported a high incidence of incidentally discovered cancer in patients with hyperfunctioning benign thyroid disorders. We performed this study to estimate the incidence and predictors of malignant thyroid disease in patients with toxic nodular goiter (TNG). Patients and Methods. The data of 98 patients diagnosed with TNG were reviewed (including toxic multinodular goiter SMNG and single toxic nodule STN). The collected data included patients age, gender, systemic comor

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Stan, Marius N., Maria Papaleontiou, John J. Schmitz, and M. Regina Castro. "Nonsurgical Management of Thyroid Nodules: The Role of Ablative Therapies." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 107, no. 5 (2021): 1417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab917.

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Abstract Context After a thorough evaluation most thyroid nodules are deemed of no clinical consequence and can be observed. However, when they are compressive, toxic, or involved by papillary thyroid carcinoma surgery or radioactive iodine (RAI) (if toxic) are the treatments of choice. Both interventions can lead to hypothyroidism and other adverse outcomes (eg, scar, dysphonia, logistical limitation with RAI). Active surveillance might be used for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) initially, but anxiety leads many cases to surgery later. Several ablative therapies have thus evolved ove

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Mousa, Umut, Sema Aktas, and Halit Uner. "Amyloid Accumulation in the Toxic Nodule of the Thyroid Gland in a Patient with End Stage Renal Failure." Case Reports in Endocrinology 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/741754.

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Amyloidosis is characterized by accumulation of amorphous, proteinaceous material in various organs and tissues of the body. Amyloid may accumulate in the thyroid gland in cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma and systemic amyloidosis. Amyloid accumulates extracellularly in the thyroid parenchyma and disrupts the normal follicular patterns. Most of the cases reported up to now were clinically euthyroid, but many presentation forms and overlaps have been reported. Herein we present a patient with toxic nodular goiter with amyloid deposition in the toxic nodule as well as the remaining thyroid ti

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Mohamed, Abubakr H. B., Faisal Qureshi, and Randa Sharag Eldin. "Solitary Fibrous Thyroid Tumor: A Case Report." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A900—A901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1838.

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Abstract Introduction: Solitary fibrous thyroid nodules are rare tumors and can mimic benign thyroid goiter and neoplasms. Case Description45 years old Caucasian female, with no significant past medical history, who presented to endocrinologyclinic for left neck mass evaluation. She denied previous history of thyroid disease, weight loss, cold/heatintolerance, menstrual irregularity, toxic or obstructive thyroid related symptoms. Her family history issignificant for maternal pancreatic cancer. Clinical exam was unremarkable except for left thyroid mass. An initial thyroid ultrasound showed lef

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Mariotti, Stefano, Enio Martino, Marcello Francesconi, et al. "Serum thyroid autoantibodies as a risk factor for development of hypopthyroidism after radioactive iodine therapy for single thyroid 'hot' nodule." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 4 (1986): 500–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1130500.

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Abstract. Hypothyroidism is often observed after radioiodine treatment in Graves' disease, but it is considered a rare complication in single hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule ('hot' nodule). This concept has been recently challenged, but the available data are conflicting. In the present study we therefore assessed the development of permanent hypothyroidism in 126 patients with thyroid hot nodule treated with 131I (180 μCi/g of estimated nodule weight, total dose 5.5–28.9 mCi). Follow-up ranged between 1 to 11 years. Hypothyroidism was observed in 5 (4%) patients, corresponding to a cumulative

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