Relevant bibliographies by topics / Toxicology testing

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Toxicology testing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Toxicology testing"

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Bissell, Michael G. "Toxicology Testing." Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 32, no. 3 (September 2012): xi—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2012.07.011.

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Krenzelok, Edward P. "Clinical Utility of Toxicology Testing." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 10, no. 4 (August 1997): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009701000407.

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Toxicology testing is an extremely valuable asset to the pharmacist in the evaluation and management of the poisoned patient. There is extensive use of toxicology screens and expensive and time-consuming quantitative analysis for toxins that could be more appropriately directed by the pharmacist who has an extensive background in toxicokinetics and pharmacology. The managed care environment mandates even more prudent use of toxicology testing. Application of the results of toxicology testing by the pharmacist can contribute to decisions regarding the patient's therapy and prognosis.
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Krenzelok, Edward P. "Clinical Utility of Toxicology Testing." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 6, no. 2 (April 1993): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009300600207.

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Toxicology testing is an extremely valuable asset to the pharmacist in the evaluation and management of the poisoned patient. There is extensive use of toxicology screens and expensive and time-consuming quantitative analysis for toxins that could be more appropriately directed by the pharmacist who has an extensive background in toxicokinetics and pharmacology. Application of the results of toxicology testing by the pharmacist can contribute to decisions regarding the patient's therapy and prognosis.
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Millard, Dietra D. "Toxicology Testing in Neonates." Clinics in Perinatology 23, no. 3 (September 1996): 491–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-5108(18)30223-9.

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Bluth, Martin H. "Toxicology and Drug Testing." Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 36, no. 4 (December 2016): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-2712(16)30096-8.

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Graham, P. "Quality testing in toxicology." Pathology 52 (February 2020): S15—S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2020.01.086.

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Tenore, Peter L. "Advanced Urine Toxicology Testing." Journal of Addictive Diseases 29, no. 4 (September 24, 2010): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2010.509277.

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Walson, P., S. Cox, and J. Edge. "Patient Protective Toxicology Testing." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 15, no. 2 (April 1993): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007691-199304000-00125.

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Perlman, Nicola C., and Nicole A. Smith. "Toxicology Testing in Pregnancy." Obstetrics & Gynecology 135 (May 2020): 38S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000663428.26601.65.

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Perlman, Nicola C., and Nicole A. Smith. "Toxicology Testing of Neonates." Obstetrics & Gynecology 135 (May 2020): 38S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000663660.42760.7b.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Toxicology testing"

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Högberg, Helena. "Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing Using In vitro Approaches." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Wenner-Grens institut, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-30056.

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There is a great concern about children’s health as the developing brain in foetuses and children is much more vulnerable to injury caused by different classes of chemicals than the adult brain. This vulnerability is partly due to the fact that the adult brain is well protected against chemicals by the blood brain barrier (BBB) and children have increased absorption rates and diminished ability to detoxify many exogenous compounds, in comparison to that of adults. Moreover, the development of the central nervous system (CNS) is a very complex process involving several different important events, e.g. proliferation, migration and differentiation of cells. These events are occurring within a strictly controlled time frame and therefore create different windows of vulnerability. Furthermore, the brain consists of numerous different cell types (neuronal, glial and endothelial cells) that have specific functions. The development of each cell type occurs within a specific time window and is therefore susceptible to environmental disturbances at different time periods. Evidence indicates that exposure to industrial chemicals, pesticides or drugs, contributes to the increasing incidence of neurodevelopment disorders. However, due to lack of studies only a few industrial chemicals have been identified as developmental neurotoxicants so far. The current developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) guidelines (OECD TG 426 and US EPA 712-C-98-239) are based entirely on in vivo studies that are time consuming, complex, costly and not suitable for the testing of a high number of chemicals. Applying alternative approaches such as in silico, in vitro and non-mammalian models as a part of an integrated test strategy, could speed up the process of DNT evaluation and reduce and refine animal usage. Both in vitro and non-mammalian test systems offer the possibility of providing an early screening for a large number of chemicals, and could be particularly useful in characterising the compound-induced mechanism of toxicity of various developmental processes. This thesis has characterised two primary neuronal cultures (cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) and cortical neuronal cultures) and identified them as relevant models for DNT testing, since the key processes of brain development are present, such as cell proliferation, migration and neuronal/glial differentiation. Furthermore, two emerging technologies (gene expression and electrical activity) have been evaluated and were identified as promising tools for in vitro DNT assessment. In combination with other assays they could be included into a DNT intelligent testing strategy to speed up the process of DNT evaluation mainly by prioritising chemicals with DNT potential for further testing.
The work of this thesis was performed at ECVAM, European Commission, Italy.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: In progress. Paper 4: In progress.
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Lai, Keng Po. "Study on the environmental contamination and mechanistic toxicology of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/527.

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Yu, Lok Chiu. "Cellular metabolism in in vitro toxicity and toxicology studies." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2005. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/675.

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Mitchell, Roger Dale 1955. "Systemic indicators of inorganic arsenic toxicity in several species." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276678.

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Seven prospective biological indicators of systemic toxicity were examined at time points ranging from 15 minutes to 24 hours using male Sprague-Dawley rats, B6C3F1 mice, Golden-Syrian hamsters and Hartley guinea pigs following intraperitoneal dosing with 0.1 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg sodium arsenite. Rats and mice were also dosed with 1.0 mg/kg sodium arsenate. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity was significantly depressed at early time points in mice, hamsters and guinea pigs and at later time points in rats dosed with arsenic (III). Rats and mice dosed with arsenic (V) also exhibited PDH depression at early time points. Uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin excretion was elevated in mice following arsenic (III) dosing. Coproporphyrin excretion was elevated in rats following arsenic (V) dosing. Blood glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen and creatinine were unchanged by arsenic dosing. Based upon the amount and types of biological responses observed, the mouse appears to be the most sensitive animal model for the further study of arsenic toxicity.
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Scanlan, Clare M. "The development of algal-based toxicity testing for biocides used in marine industries." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1951.

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Venter, Telanie. "Characterisation, toxicology and clinical effects of crocodile oil in skin products / by Telanie Venter." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9234.

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Natural oils are regularly used in cosmetics and as treatment for numeral skin conditions (Nielsen, 2006:575). The natural products industry is a multibillion dollar industry and has grown tremendously over the past few years. Natural oils used in cosmetics contain a range of fatty acids which contribute to several valuable properties in cosmetic- and personal care products. Fatty acids are divided into saturated acids and unsaturated acids (Vermaak et al., 2011:920,922). Because of the popularity and wide diversity of skin care products, it is necessary to create products that will distinguish themselves from the rest of the commercial products. To include natural oils in skin care products is a new way to prevent skin ageing, as well as other dermatological conditions. In this study, a natural oil, namely crocodile oil was used. Crocodile oil is obtained from the fat of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus). Crocodile oil has the same composition as human skin oil. It only differs with regard to the percentages of the ingredients present. Crocodile oil contains saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Because of the similar composition as human skin oil, crocodile oil will rarely be allergenic when applied to human skin and therefore will be a very accepted and harmless product to use (Croc city, 2012). There are many claims of positive results when crocodile oil containing products have been used. It includes fading of freckles, treatment of acne and pimple marks, dark lines, wrinkles and laugh lines. It also includes vanishing of dark shadows, sun spots and other discolorations. It helps prevent discolorations from forming and makes the skin softer, brighter and more attractive. It also controls rashness and dryness (Croc city, 2012). Because of crocodile oil’s anti-ageing, anti-fungal and anti-bacterial effects claimed by crocodile oil suppliers, and due to the fact that little scientific data is available on crocodile oil, it was decided to investigate the claims. In this study, the aims and objectives were to use natural oil, namely crocodile oil, and investigate the fatty acid profile, anti-microbial and anti-fungal activity, anti-oxidant activity, toxicity studies, stability determination of crocodile oil lotion and clinical efficacy testing of the anti-ageing effects. To determine the fatty acid profile of crocodile oil, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis with gas chromatography were used. Identification of FAME peaks in the samples was made by comparing the relative retention times of FAME peaks from samples to those of reference standards. The composition of fatty acids in crocodile oil compared well to fatty acids found in human skin oil. Anti-microbial and anti-fungal tests were done by Envirocare Laboratories, North-West University, Potchefstroom. Staphylococcus aureus, Esterichia coli, Pseudomanas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Brasiliensis, Propionibacterium acnes and Trichophyton rubrum cultures were used to determine the anti-microbial and anti-fungal activity of crocodile oil. Unfortunately no activity was observed. The anti-oxidant properties of crocodile oil and crocodile oil lotion were determined by using the most commonly used method for measuring Malondialdehyde (MDA) in biological samples, namely the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test. This method is based on spectrophotometric quantification of the pink complex formed after reaction of MDA with two molecules of TBA. No anti-oxidant activity was observed in the oil or the lotion. Toxicity studies were performed by Dr. D. Goosen (BVSc Hons. Pret.) from Tswane University of Technology (Pretoria, South Africa). The studies showed that the lotion had no toxicity in the skin sensitisation, acute dermal toxicity and acute dermal irritation studies. To determine the stability of the crocodile oil lotion, the formulated products were store at 25 °C / 60% RH (relative humidity), 30 °C / 60% RH and 40 °C / 75% RH for 6 months in the original packaging as well as a glass container. The stability tests included pH, viscosity, visual appearance assessment, zeta-potential, droplet size and mass loss. The crocodile cream lotion was stable over the 6 months period in both containers. Clinical efficacy testing was performed at the CEL (Clinical Efficacy Laboratory) of the North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. A short-term study over a period of 3 h was performed to investigate the hydrating effects of crocodile oil lotion. A long-term study over a period of 12 weeks was performed to examine the anti-ageing effects of crocodile oil lotion. An erythema study was also conducted to test the anti-erythema properties of crocodile oil lotion. Although the crocodile oil lotion as well as the placebo lotion showed an increase in skin hydration, there was no significant difference between the two treatments. Crocodile oil lotion also showed no anti-erythema properties.
Thesis (PhD (Pharmaceutics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Paul, Richard. "New developments in analytical toxicology for the investigation of drug facilitated crime." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2007. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/new-developments-in-analytical-toxicology-for-the-investigation-of-drug-facilitated-crime(c2b2b4e3-b8c5-471f-bf3b-daca545d4afa).html.

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Drug facilitated assault (DFA) is an increasing problem in the UK. The crime often occurs through the surreptitious administration of a drug into a victims drink, rendering the victim unable to resist the assault. The detection of these drugs in a biological specimen from the victim is one of the most challenging facets of forensic chemistry. Drug concentrations can be very low, as often only a single dose is administered, and the pharmacodynamics of commonly employed drugs further hinders the testing process. The research presented in this work shows the development of several new assays for the detection of flunitrazepam, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in a variety of biological matrices. New methods of drug testing in blood and urine are demonstrated, as well as interesting developments in the field of hair testing. Using hair to detect drug exposure allows a much wider window of detection than the more traditional matrices of blood and urine. New methods are presented in this work using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GCMS/MS) to detect drugs in hair. Validation data is presented along with the results of authentic DFA testing. All aspects of the drug testing procedure have been evaluated, from new extraction techniques utilising water instead of solvents, to novel clean up stages involving the unique combination of SFE and SPME. Several confirmation techniques are explored including single quadrupole, triple quadrupole and ion trap mass spectrometry. In addition to developing assays for DFA cases, the versatility of this type of analytical chemistry is explored in two population studies. The first study evaluates alcohol consumption between two groups; drugs users and non drug users in medico-legal cases. There is an anecdotal belief amongst drug clinic staff that alcohol use is lower in drugs users than it is in non drug users. This study presents the first scientific confirmation of this belief through EtG (an alcohol metabolite) testing in hair of the two groups. The second study investigates whether there is a correlation between EtG and cocaethylene (a metabolite of cocaine only produced in the presence of alcohol) in cocaine users. Results f this study suggest that there is no positive correlation between the two compounds. The research presented in this thesis aims to further the analytical science surrounding FA investigation and provide accurate, sensitive and reliable methodology for drug esting in blood, urine and hair.
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Al, Jaber Jaber. "Forensic and clinical toxicology studies focusing on drug analysis in hair and other biological matrices." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8507.

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Clinical and forensic toxicology analysts rely heavily in their daily tests on the analysis of the conventional samples (blood and urine). However, these specimens are limited in the time scale they reflect with regard to drug intake history and also in terms of drug stability within the matrices. Alternative matrices such as hair, oral fluids and dried blood spots (DBS) provide new horizons and new opportunities. Drugs incorporated within hair are very stable. Hair also provides a very long detection window, for at least one year, if not a lot longer. Oral fluids on the other hand are non-intrusive, easy to collect and much cleaner sample matrix than blood or urine. DBS also offer great drug stability, are easy to collect, faster to analyse and suitable for automated analysis. However, a number of studies are needed to assess the limits of these alternative samples in terms of the correlation of their results with the results of conventional samples and with regard to drug stability. Such studies will enable a more reliable and confident interpretation of results obtained from these matrices especially for medico-legal purposes. The main aims of this research were: to develop and validate analytical methods for detection and quantitation of drugs of use and abuse in hair, oral fluids, blood and DBS samples, to investigate the correlation between dose and drug concentration in hair, blood and oral fluids after controlled chronic drug administration, to investigate the stability of anti-psychotic drugs in DBS (from patients) stored under different conditions and the effect of addition of preservative, and to investigate the alcohol intake prevalence among Kuwaiti drug addicts and correlate these results with selfreported intake. As the majority of drugs were basic, an extraction method based on methanolic incubation was developed for detection of basic/weak basic drugs in hair. It was compared to alkaline digestion (with NaOH) followed by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Detection was achieved by LC-MS/MS (Sciex2000) after separation on a C18 column. When applying both methods on positive authentic hair samples the results showed that the methanolic method was capable of extracting most basic drugs in hair but only partially, while the alkaline digestion method was found to degrade V some unstable drugs like sulpiride, but was capable of fully extracting the alkaline stable drugs such as quetiapine. After development and validation of the LLE-LC-MS(Exactive) method for the analysis of anti-psychotics in blood, oral fluids and hair, an investigation was carried out on the correlation pattern between trough concentrations in those three matrices. The most significant correlation coefficients (r) found were those between blood and hair concentrations, procyclidine r=0.83 (18 subjects p=<0.001), risperidone r=0.96 (14 subjects p=<0.001), haloperidol r=0.90 (10 subjects p=<0.001), OH-risperidone r=0.24 (13 subjects p=>0.44), quetiapine r=0.28 (14 subjects p=>0.33) and chlorprothixene r=0.32 (13 subjects p=>0.32). Among the interesting results was the strong correlation found between drugs half-lives and the mean ratio of hair concentration/dose (r=0.96, p=<0.003). The stability of anti-pyschotics in DBS from patients’ samples was assessed by storing them at four different temperatures (25, 4, -20 and -80°C) with and without prior impregnation of the DBS cards with sodium fluoride. After development and validation of the LLE-LC-MS method, samples were analysed at days 0, 45, 90 and 180. Results showed good stability of all the compounds (procyclidine, quetiapine, risperidone, OH-risperidone, chlorprothixene and haloperidol) in all the different storage conditions and no significant increase or decrease in drug concentrations with sodium fluoride impregnation. Finally, after trials with five different HPLC columns, two SPE cartridges, two LLE extraction procedures and two mass spectrometer instruments, a method was developed and validated for the detection and quantitation of alcohol’s minor and specific metabolite in hair, ethyl glucuronide (EtG). The method has a limit of detection (LOD) of 3pg/mg and lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 9pg/mg. This method was applied to 59 hair samples from patients at a general addiction centre and alcohol prevalence was investigated and its correlation with self-reported use was investigated.
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Everitt, Victoria Jane. "The use of indigenous macroinvertebrates and Daphnia pulex in acute toxicity testing." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005483.

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Aquatic toxicology has been identified as a valuable tool in the identification and management of chemical pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Standardised methodologies for acute aquatic bioassays have been adopted from international agencies. As a result of these standard methods, the use of laboratory cultured organisms for toxicity testing has been more popular than that of indigenous field-caught organisms. Included in these adopted methods are those for the cultured crustacean Daphnia pUlex. D.pulex is adapted to living in standing water and the suitability of this species to determine toxic effects for South African riverine environments, which are largely flowing, has been questioned. Thus this thesis is a case-study ofthe use of D.pulex and indigenous site-specific macroinvertebrates as toxicity test organisms for setting acute water quality guidelines to protect aquatic ecosystems. The study highlights site-specific problems such as reference sites and organism identification. The acute tolerance of selected indigenous invertebrates was compared to that of D. pulex, using both a single-substance reference toxicant (zinc) and selected whole efiluents. The significance of source population and culture age as a potential source of biological variability between D.pulex cultures was also investigated. D.pulex cultures have been initiated in South Africa from females collected from a number of different local populations; also it is assumed that no genetic change (due to mutation) occurs within a D.pulex culture over time. In order to establish if source population and culture age are a source of biological variability between D.pulex experiments, the acute tolerJuce to zinc of two different D.pulex populations and three different generations within a population were compared. Due to experimental variability results were inconclusive, and differences in tolerance as a result of population difference or culture age could not be determined with confidence. The acute tolerance of D.pulex to a single reference chemical (zinc) and selected whole efiluents was compared to that of selected indigenous invertebrates. Acute 48 h D.pulex zinc tolerance (LC50 range: 0.22 - 0.60 mg/l Zn) was found to be more sensitive than acute 96 h tolerances shown by mayfly species A.fconurus peringueyi (Heptageniidae) (LC50: 17.42 mg/l Zn), Euthrauluselegans (Leptophlebiidae) (LC50: 0.98 mg/IZn), Ba~tidae (LC50: 0.94mg/IZn) and shrimp, Caradina nilotica (Atyidae) (LC50: 3.17 mg/l Zn). This result suggests that guidelines for zinc set using D.pulex will protect the selected indigenous invertebrates. Selected whole eftluents were not acutely toxic to either D.pulex or selected indigenous invertebrates. These experiments were used as a case study for method development regarding the comparative use of D.pulex and indigenous invertebrates in acute whole eftluent toxicity testing. Finally, it is recommended that a suite of indigenous organisms (e.g. macroinvertebrates, fish and algae), as well as laboratory cultured D.pulex, be used in the initial setting of guidelines and that D.pulex be used for routine compliance monitoring. It is futher recommended that a suite of available monitoring methods, such as chemical and biomonitoring methodologies, be used in conjuction with toxicity testing in water quality management.
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Cabrera, Guillermo Lopez Brockman Herman E. "Effect of five dietary antimutagens on the genotoxicity of six mutagens using three different short-term tests." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1993. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9416862.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1993.
Title from title page screen, viewed March 7, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Herman E. Brockman (chair), Alan J. Katz, Brian J. Wilkinson, David F. Weber, Radheshyam K. Jayaswal. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-177) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Books on the topic "Toxicology testing"

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1949-, Chengelis Christopher P., ed. Acute toxicology testing. 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998.

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Barile, Frank A. Principles of toxicology testing. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2008.

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Holcomb, Michael L. International toxicology: Worldwide regulatory toxicology support. Eugene, OR: International Toxicology, 1995.

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1949-, Chengelis Christopher P., ed. Acute toxicology testing: Perspectives and horizons. Caldwell, N.J: Telford Press, 1988.

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Paul, Jennings. In vitro toxicology systems. New York, NY: Humana Press, 2014.

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Brauer, Samuel. The market for in vitro toxicology testing. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 2003.

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Brauer, Samuel. The market for in vitro toxicology testing. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1997.

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Brown, Vernon K. Acute and sub-acute toxicology. London: E. Arnold, 1988.

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Brown, V. K. Acute and sub-acute toxicology. London: Edward Arnold, 1988.

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Pathologists, College of American, ed. Clinical toxicology testing: A guide for laboratory professionals. Northfield, Ill: CAP Press, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Toxicology testing"

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Dean, B. J. "Genetic Toxicology Testing." In The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation, 195–209. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4139-7_15.

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"Toxicology Testing." In Necropsy Guide for Dogs, Cats, and Small Mammals, 175–77. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119317005.ch20.

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"Drug Testing." In Toxicology. Informa Healthcare, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420042061.ch12.

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Rauckman, Elmer, and Andrew Soiefer. "Acute Toxicology." In Toxicological Testing Handbook, 135–47. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14280-7.

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Putman, Donald, Jane Clarke, Patricia Escobar, Ramadevi Gudi, Ljubica Krsmanovic, Kamala Pant, Valentine Wagner, and Richard San. "Genetic Toxicology." In Toxicological Testing Handbook, 185–248. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14280-9.

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"Drug Testing: Screening." In Toxicology, 189–204. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420042061-14.

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Sargent, E. V., B. D. Naumann, and C. S. Schwartz. "Occupational Toxicology Testing." In Comprehensive Toxicology, 65–85. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-046884-6.00310-9.

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Zeiger, E. "Genetic Toxicology Testing." In Comprehensive Toxicology, 139–58. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-046884-6.00316-x.

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Sargent, E. V., B. D. Naumann, and C. S. Schwartz. "Occupational Toxicology Testing." In Comprehensive Toxicology, 44–63. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100601-6.01945-1.

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Zeiger, E. "Genetic Toxicology Testing." In Comprehensive Toxicology, 216–32. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.64334-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Toxicology testing"

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Tantra, R., S. Jing, and D. Gohil. "Technical issues surrounding the preparation, characterisation and testing of nanoparticles for ecotoxicological studies." In ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/etox100161.

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Kováčiková, Z., E. Tátrai, E. Piecková, Z. Kolláriková, V. Jančinová, J. Tulinská, M. Kuricová, and A. Líšková. "In vitrotoxicity of indoor fungi from dwellings in Slovakia: testing on the isolated lung cells." In ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/etox080221.

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Chervak, S., and A. Yeager. "360. Productivity and Ergonomics in a Forensic Toxicology Drug Testing Laboratory." In AIHce 2004. AIHA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2758395.

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Singer, E. J., C. R. Mackerer, A. E. Mekitarian, and C. J. DiPerna. "Toxicology Testing of Petroleum Products: The Basis for Managing and Communicating Hazards." In 1986 SAE International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/861595.

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Cieslinski, Benjamin, Mohamed Gharib, Brady Creel, and Tala Katbeh. "A Model Science-Based Learning STEM Program." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10352.

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Abstract In this paper, a model STEM program called Engineering Heroes: Qatar Special Investigators (QSI), aimed to familiarize young students with science and engineering in real life applications, is presented. The program theme is about forensic science and technology, which included science and engineering activities with hands-on projects to challenge students’ science and critical thinking skills. Throughout the program, students learned about forensic science as an application of science, engineering and technology to collect, preserve, and analyze evidence to be used in the course of a legal investigation. Participants learned the history of forensic analysis and how it evolved into today’s specialized career field. Forensic specialists include backgrounds in chemistry, physics, biology, toxicology, chemical and electrical engineering. Topics included in the program were a study of toxicology and chemical analysis, assays to determine drug contents, fingerprint development, environmental contamination, chromatography in forgery, presumptive vs. confirmatory testing, scanning electron microscopy, infrared analysis, and evidence handling techniques. The details of the program are presented, including the contents, preparation, materials used, case studies, and final crime scene investigation, which featured the learning outcomes.
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Hamdaoui, Quentin, François Gaie-Levrel, Tatiana Macé, Sophie Vaslin-Reimann, Frédéric Flamant, and Anna Bencsik. "Development and metrological characterization of an aerosol generation device dedicated to inhalation toxicology studies: the nanopesticide case." In 19th International Congress of Metrology (CIM2019), edited by Sandrine Gazal. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201907002.

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Despite the controversies surrounding the potential health effects associated with engineered nanomaterials, novel agrochemicals combining nanotechnology and pesticides are emerging. These products, named nanopesticides, are being developed to improve the efficiency of conventional agrochemicals. However, they represent an intentional anthropogenic source of nanomaterials within the different environmental compartments which constitutes a possible exposure of agricultural populations notably via the aerosols generated by farming activities. The hazard related to this new type of contaminants must be assessed by using inhalation toxicology studies that are designed to reproduce the complexity of these aerosols exposure, in order to be relevant for human health studies. In the present article, we report an experimental strategy combining both the recommendations in animal experimentation and the OECD guidelines for chemicals testing. To explore the neurotoxicity linked with the chronic exposure to aerosols generated from a nanopesticide, we develop an original device dedicated to inhalation toxicology with rodents. Through this proof of concept study, our cross-disciplinary project aims at proposing a validated methodology to study the inhalation toxicity of complex formulations represented by nanopesticides.
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González Mota, Alba, Marina Covacho González, Isabel Valriberas Herrero, and Carlos Roncero Alonso. "Screening of cannabis use during pregnancy and neonates." In 22° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2020. SEPD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2020p090.

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Introduction: Cannabis use in pregnancy is related to developmental and mental disorders. The acknowledgement of prenatal exposure frequently depends on the mother’s report, which can often be omitted. There exists little description in the literature of the different methods to detect the use of cannabis during pregnancy. Moreover, nowadays there is no standardized screening available. Objectives: The objective is to analyze the different methods of prenatal screening of cannabis during pregnancy. Methods: A systematic review of studies on the methods of screening of cannabis use during pregnancy and neonates was carried out in PubMed in July 2020 in English, French and Spanish including the last 10 years with the keywords: screening, test, detection, analysis, urine, blood, hair, meconium, lactation, milk, cannabis, marijuana, THC, pregnancy, pregnant, perinatal and prenatal. Results: 107 studies were analyzed, 52 studies included and 55 excluded. Urine toxicology is the most accurate method for maternal testing and depends on chronicity of use, since its duration varies from 2-3 days in occasional users to several weeks in chronic users. Neonatal meconium and umbilical cord tissue indicates fetal exposure to cannabinoids during second and third trimester, being cord tissue more rapidly available than meconium. Neonatal hair indicates third trimester exposure and it is less sensitive than meconium. Maternal serum and hair can also be used to assess cannabis use, being serum affected by chronicity with shorter half-life than urine, and hair less accurate than other drugs of abuse, lasting several weeks positive. To analyze the samples it typically involves a cleanup pretreatment, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS), enzyme-linked inmunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and/or an immunoassay screening and a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) confirmatory method. Conclusions: Standardized prenatal screening of cannabis during pregnancy using analytical methods for drug detection should be established to overcome the heterogeneity and improve clinical practice.
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