Dissertations / Theses: 'TPGS'

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Muenyi, Clarisse Sornsay. "Cell Toxicology Study of RRR-Alpha-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1037.

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This research focused on the cytotoxic properties of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) in transformed and cancerous cell lines. We used RAW264.7 macrophage and prostate cancer (LNCaP) cell lines in this study. TPGS caused cell death and decreased cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner. Cell death was evaluated fluorimetrically by employing the nucleic acid-binding fluorophore; propidium iodide. A colorimetric 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate cell viability. Cell death can occur through necrosis or apoptosis. Our results suggested that TPGS triggered apoptotic cell death. Induction of apoptosis, as measured by caspase 3 enzymatic activity, was dependent upon the TPGS dose and incubation time. Caspase 8 was activated before caspase 9, suggesting the importance of the death receptor pathway in apoptosis. Our results indicated that TPGS cytotoxicity could also be due to one of its products of hydrolysis, alpha-tocopheryl succinate.

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Santos, Adriane Gasparino dos [UNESP]. "Efeito da vitamina E-TPGS hidromiscível sobre as alterações nutricionais e a lesão hepática na colestase crônica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104681.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:23:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_ag_dr_botfm_prot.pdf: 1292610 bytes, checksum: 023b1ade3c67039310cf3b6cd129631a (MD5)
A colestase crônica por ligadura e ressecção do ducto biliar em ratos jovens é freqüentemente utilizada como modelo experimental de atresia biliar. Na colestase ocorre má absorção de vitamina E com resultante estresse oxidativo. Objetivos: Sendo a vitamina E-TPGS hidromiscível, e portanto absorvível mesmo na colestase, testamos os seus efeitos sobre as conseqüências nutricionais, sobre as alterações do metabolismo lipídico e sobre a lesão hepática da colestase obstrutiva crônica no modelo experimental acima. Métodos: Quarenta ratos machos da raça Wister com 21 dias de vida (P21) foram divididos em 4 grupos de 10 animais e submetidos a um dos seguintes tratamentos: 1) LA-ligadura e ressecção do ducto biliar comum e administração diária de água, por gavagem, num volume de 0,02ml por grama de peso do animal; 2) LELigadura e ressecção do ducto biliar comum e administração diária, por gavagem, de 25UI/kg num volume de 0,02ml de vitamina E-TPGS por grama de peso do animal de uma solução a 20% de vitamina E-TPGS; 3) SA-operação simulada e administração diária de água, por gavagem, num volume de 0,02ml por grama de peso do animal; 4) SE-operação simulada e administração diária, por gavagem, de 25Ul/kg num volume de 0,02ml de vitamina E-TPGS por grama de peso do animal de uma solução a 20% de vitamina E-TPGS. Durante o experimento foi determinado o ganho de peso, a quantidade de ração ingerida, o aproveitamento nutricional (P21 a P49) e balanço nitrogenado (P42 aoP49). No P48, foram submetidos ao teste do tempo de sono após pentobarbital. No P49, foram sacrificados e colhido sangue e órgãos para seguintes determinações: peso fresco, conteúdo de água e gordura da carcaça, fígado e baço, concentrações séricas de colesterol-T, triacilglicerol, LOL-colesterol, VLDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol, albumina, globulinas totais, vitamina A e E, atividade sérica das aminotransferases (ALT e AST).
Chronic cholestasis by bile duct ligature and resection in young rats is a commonly used experimental model of biliary atresia. Vitamin E absorption is poor in cholestasis causing oxidative stress. Objectives: As Vitamin E-TPGS dissolves in water, and is therefore absorbable even in cholestasis, we tested its effects on nutritional outcome, Iipid metabolism alterations, and hepatic lesion from chronic obstructive cholestasis in the above mode!. Methods: Forty 21-day-old male Wistar rats (P21) were divided into four groups of 10 and submitted to the following treatments: 1) LA - ligature and common bile duct resection with daily administration of water by gavage (0.02ml/g animal weight); 2) LE- ligature and common bile duct resection with daily administration of 251U/Kg Vitamin E-TPGS in water by gavage (0.02mLlg wt of 20% Vitamin E-TPGS solution); 3) SA - sham operation and daily administration of water by gavage (0.02ml/g wt); and 4) SE - sham operation and daily administration of 251U/Kg Vitamin E-TPGS in water by gavage (0.02ml/g wt of 20% Vitamin E-TPGS solution). During the experiment we measured weight gain, ingested food, diet utilization (P21 to P49), and nitrogen balance (P42 to P49). On P48, pentobarbital sleeping time was measured. On P49, eutanasia was carried out and blood and organs were collected to determine: body,liver, and spleen fresh weight, and water and fat content, serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylg Iycerols, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL -cholesterol, HOL-cholesterol, albumin, total globulins, Vitamin A & E, and ALT & AST activity. Also liver histological sections were analyzed for fibrosis intensity, duct proliferation, necrosis, steatosis, hydropic degeneration, inflammation, and mitosis frequency. The effects of cholestasis, Vitamin E-TPGS, and their interactions were tested by ANOVA with two factors, and multiple paired comparisons... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Santos, Adriane Gasparino dos. "Efeito da vitamina E-TPGS hidromiscível sobre as alterações nutricionais e a lesão hepática na colestase crônica /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104681.

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Orientador: Cláudio Antônio Rabello Coelho
Banca: Cilmery S. Kurokwa
Banca: Rosangela Maria Barone
Banca: Ana Paula R. Battochio
Banca: Maria Ângela
Resumo: A colestase crônica por ligadura e ressecção do ducto biliar em ratos jovens é freqüentemente utilizada como modelo experimental de atresia biliar. Na colestase ocorre má absorção de vitamina E com resultante estresse oxidativo. Objetivos: Sendo a vitamina E-TPGS hidromiscível, e portanto absorvível mesmo na colestase, testamos os seus efeitos sobre as conseqüências nutricionais, sobre as alterações do metabolismo lipídico e sobre a lesão hepática da colestase obstrutiva crônica no modelo experimental acima. Métodos: Quarenta ratos machos da raça Wister com 21 dias de vida (P21) foram divididos em 4 grupos de 10 animais e submetidos a um dos seguintes tratamentos: 1) LA-ligadura e ressecção do ducto biliar comum e administração diária de água, por gavagem, num volume de 0,02ml por grama de peso do animal; 2) LELigadura e ressecção do ducto biliar comum e administração diária, por gavagem, de 25UI/kg num volume de 0,02ml de vitamina E-TPGS por grama de peso do animal de uma solução a 20% de vitamina E-TPGS; 3) SA-operação simulada e administração diária de água, por gavagem, num volume de 0,02ml por grama de peso do animal; 4) SE-operação simulada e administração diária, por gavagem, de 25Ul/kg num volume de 0,02ml de vitamina E-TPGS por grama de peso do animal de uma solução a 20% de vitamina E-TPGS. Durante o experimento foi determinado o ganho de peso, a quantidade de ração ingerida, o aproveitamento nutricional (P21 a P49) e balanço nitrogenado (P42 aoP49). No P48, foram submetidos ao teste do tempo de sono após pentobarbital. No P49, foram sacrificados e colhido sangue e órgãos para seguintes determinações: peso fresco, conteúdo de água e gordura da carcaça, fígado e baço, concentrações séricas de colesterol-T, triacilglicerol, LOL-colesterol, VLDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol, albumina, globulinas totais, vitamina A e E, atividade sérica das aminotransferases (ALT e AST).
Abstract: Chronic cholestasis by bile duct ligature and resection in young rats is a commonly used experimental model of biliary atresia. Vitamin E absorption is poor in cholestasis causing oxidative stress. Objectives: As Vitamin E-TPGS dissolves in water, and is therefore absorbable even in cholestasis, we tested its effects on nutritional outcome, Iipid metabolism alterations, and hepatic lesion from chronic obstructive cholestasis in the above mode!. Methods: Forty 21-day-old male Wistar rats (P21) were divided into four groups of 10 and submitted to the following treatments: 1) LA - ligature and common bile duct resection with daily administration of water by gavage (0.02ml/g animal weight); 2) LE- ligature and common bile duct resection with daily administration of 251U/Kg Vitamin E-TPGS in water by gavage (0.02mLlg wt of 20% Vitamin E-TPGS solution); 3) SA - sham operation and daily administration of water by gavage (0.02ml/g wt); and 4) SE - sham operation and daily administration of 251U/Kg Vitamin E-TPGS in water by gavage (0.02ml/g wt of 20% Vitamin E-TPGS solution). During the experiment we measured weight gain, ingested food, diet utilization (P21 to P49), and nitrogen balance (P42 to P49). On P48, pentobarbital sleeping time was measured. On P49, eutanasia was carried out and blood and organs were collected to determine: body,liver, and spleen fresh weight, and water and fat content, serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylg Iycerols, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL -cholesterol, HOL-cholesterol, albumin, total globulins, Vitamin A & E, and ALT & AST activity. Also liver histological sections were analyzed for fibrosis intensity, duct proliferation, necrosis, steatosis, hydropic degeneration, inflammation, and mitosis frequency. The effects of cholestasis, Vitamin E-TPGS, and their interactions were tested by ANOVA with two factors, and multiple paired comparisons... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Baréa, Silvana Azambuja. "Dispersões sólidas contendo talidomida : desenvolvimento, caracterização e avaliação das propriedades biofarmacêuticas in vitro." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149461.

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A talidomida (TLD) é um fármaco usado no tratamento de lesões associadas ao eritema nodoso leprótico, úlceras aftóides em pacientes HIV+/AIDS, algumas doenças crônico-degenerativas e mieloma múltiplo refratário à quimioterapia. Porém, apresenta problemas relacionados à sua farmacocinética, é pouco hidrossolúvel, e, por conseguinte, apresenta lenta e variável absorção no trato gastrintestinal. Uma proposta inédita que pode ser de interesse clínico é a formulação de uma dispersão sólida para a via oral, que permita a modulação da dissolução e biodisponibilidade da talidomida. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e caracterizar dispersões sólidas (DS) contendo carreadores autoemulsionáveis e TLD, veiculado em cápsulas duras, a fim de melhorar as propriedades biofarmacêuticas do fármaco. Foram desenvolvidas formulações de TLD dispersa em Gelucire® (GEL) ou Kolliphor® (TPGS), associadas ou não a um adjuvante que em geral, diminui a recristalização de fármacos, a polivilpirrolidona (PVP K30). A técnica utilizada para preparar as DS foi o método de evaporação de solvente. A caracterização físico-química foi realizada por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difração de raios-X (DRX), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) acoplada a células de aquecimento (Hot Stage), sugeriu formação de DS semicristalinas. A espectroscopia Infravermelha (IV), juntamente com DRX, demonstrou que a porção cristalina remanescente corresponde ao polimorfo α. A dissolução in vitro do fármaco a partir das DS foi significativamente melhor quando comparada ao fármaco isolado ou ao controle com amido. No tempo limite de 120 minutos, as DS tiveram percentual de dissolução em torno de 90%, enquanto o fármaco isolado de 50%, e o controle com amido de 70%. O estudo de solubilidade aquosa com diferentes excessos de fármaco foi realizado com o intuito de verificar se as DS eram capazes de manter o aumento da solubilidade aparente (estado de supersaturação) por um longo período de tempo. Foram obtidos incrementos da solubilidade aparente de até 3x superiores a do fármaco isolado, mas a capacidade solubilizante das DS mostrou-se saturável. Como conclusão, os resultados das análises físico-químicas, perfil de dissolução e solubilidade sugerem que a associação da talidomida com os carreadores autoemulsionáveis proporcionou melhora nas propriedades biofarmacêuticas da TLD, e criam perspectivas de investigação futuras, tais como a avaliação da permeabilidade intestinal in vitro.
Thalidomide (TLD) is a drug used for the treatment of lesions associated to the erythema nodosum leprosum, aphthous ulcers in HIV + / AIDS patients, some chronic diseases, and multiple myeloma refractory to chemotherapy. However, the drug is poorly aqueous soluble, and therefore presents slow and variable absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. An innovative proposal, which could be of clinical interest, is the formulation of oral solid dispersions, which allow modulation of dissolution, solubility, and, therefore, bioavailability of thalidomide. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize solid dispersions (DS) containing self-emulsifying carriers and TLD, filled in hard capsules, aiming to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of the drug. TLD has been dispersed in Gelucire® (GEL) or Kolliphor® (TPGS), associated or not to an excipient that usually decreases the drug recrystallization, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30). The technique used for preparing the DS was the solvent evaporation method. The physicochemical characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) coupled to heating cells (Hot Stage), indicated the formation of semi crystalline DS. Infrared spectroscopy (IR), together with XRD, showed that the remaining crystalline portion corresponds to the polymorph α. The in vitro dissolution of the drug from the DS was significantly higher when compared to the drug alone, or the control with starch. At 120 min, the percentage of TLD dissolved from DS was around 90%, while drug alone showed 50% and drug+starch showed 70% dissolution. The aqueous solubility study performed with different drug excess assessed whether the DS were able to maintain the increase in apparent solubility (supersaturation state) for a long period of time. Increments around 3x were obtained in the apparent solubility, but the solubilizing ability of DS was found to be saturable. In conclusion, the results of physicochemical analysis, dissolution profile and aqueous solubility suggest that the association of thalidomide with self-emulsifying carriers provided improvement on the biopharmaceutical properties of TLD, and opened future research perspectives, such as the assessment of intestinal permeability in vitro.

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Komguem, Kamga Christelle. "Cell Toxicity and Uptake of RRR-Alpha-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS) by Various Cell ines In Vitro." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1040.

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This research focused on investigating and comparing the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS, with that of alpha-tocopheryl succinate (α-TS). Both TPGS and α-TS are water-soluble forms of vitamin E with important clinical applications. Cytotoxicity assays with RAW 264.7 and LNCaP cells incubated overnight with TPGS or α-TS at concentrations ≥ 12.4 μM suggest that α-TS is more cytotoxic than TPGS. Macrophages were found to be more sensitive than LNCaP cells when treated with similar concentrations of α-TS. For both cell lines, most of the TPGS or α-TS taken up remained esterified after 24 hours. Our results suggest that cell death was due to TPGS and/or α-TS and not alpha-tocopherol. A para-hydroxyanilide of α-TS (p-HATS) that could be used to distinguish between cellular TPGS and α-TS was studied. It was found that p-HATS can be detected electrochemically and that it is hydrolyzed to α-TOH.

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Souza, Marina Claro de. "Micelas de longo tempo de circulação contendo tamoxifeno como sistema nanocarreador para otimização da terapia do câncer de mama." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60137/tde-23052018-143506/.

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O câncer de mama é a segunda principal causa de morte entre as mulheres nos países em desenvolvimento, devido ao seu alto grau de malignidade. O tratamento baseia-se, principalmente, em terapias hormonais, uma vez que as células deste tipo de tumor expressam, em sua maioria, um elevado número de receptores hormonais, responsáveis pela regulação do crescimento do mesmo. O tamoxifeno é um fármaco da classe dos moduladores seletivos de receptores de estrógeno, que atua através do antagonismo à ativação de tais receptores por este hormônio, reduzindo, assim, a taxa de crescimento celular do tecido tumoral. Embora o tratamento com tamoxifeno seja altamente efetivo, este se relaciona a severos efeitos colaterais dosedependentes. O objetivo central deste trabalho foi desenvolver sistemas micelares de longo tempo de circulação contendo tamoxifeno, preparados à base do fosfolipídeo DSPE-PEG(n), associado ou não ao derivado de vitamina E TPGS, para administração intravenosa, capazes de permitir um acúmulo maior do fármaco no sítio tumoral devido a suas dimensões nanométricas, permitindo, desta forma, a redução da dose e a consequente redução dos efeitos colaterais. A determinação da eficiência de encapsulação e a quantificação do tamoxifeno no estudo de liberação in vitro a partir dos sistemas obtidos foram realizadas por CLAE, utilizando métodos previamente validados. Os melhores resultados foram alcançados com as formulações à base de DSPE-PEG(2000) e TPGS, preparadas pelo método de evaporação do solvente, as quais apresentaram diâmetro médio inferior a 20 nm, baixo índice de polidispersividade e eficiência de encapsulação entre 70 e 95%. A análise por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão evidenciou o formato esférico e comprovou a homogeneidade do tamanho das partículas. Os sistemas foram caracterizados, ainda, por espectrofotometria no infravermelho para avaliação de possíveis interações entre os componentes das formulações. O perfil de liberação in vitro demonstrou que após 168 h, no máximo cerca de 30% do fármaco foi liberado, verificando-se que o aumento na quantidade de TPGS na formulação reduziu a porcentagem de tamoxifeno liberado. A baixa taxa de liberação in vitro sugere que a maior parte do fármaco mantenha-se no interior da estrutura micelar durante o período de permanência no sangue, favorecendo a chegada da nanoestrutura íntegra ao sítio tumoral. No estudo do perfil de concentração plasmática em ratas Wistar, não foi possível detectar o fármaco e seu principal metabólito pelo método por CLAE desenvolvido, sugerindo que os sistemas micelares tenham extravasado rapidamente para os órgãos.
Breast cancer is the second main cause of death among women in development countries due to their high malignance grade. The treatment is mainly based on hormonal therapies, once the cells of the majority of mammary tumors express a high number of hormone receptors, responsible for the tumor growth. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator drug, acting through the antagonism of the activation of the estrogen receptor, reducing thus the tumor growing rate. Despite the treatment with tamoxifen is highly effective, it is related to severe dose-dependent side effects. The central objective of this work was the development of long time circulation micelles containing tamoxifen, prepared with the phospholipid DSPEPEG(n) and TPGS, a vitamin E derivative, by the method of solvent evaporation, for intravenous administration, able to allow a higher accumulation of the drug at the tumoral site due to their nanometric dimensions, leading to a reduction in the dose and consequently in the side effects. The determination of the encapsulation efficiency and the quantification of tamoxifen in the in vitro release profile study from the micellar systems were carried out by HPLC, using methods previously validated. The best results were achieved with the formulations based on DSPE-PEG(2000) and TPGS, which showed mean particle diameter less than 20 nm, low polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency ranging from 70 to 95%. The transmition electronic microscopy pointed the spherical shape and proved the homogeneity of particle size. The systems were also characterized by infrared spectrophotometry to identify eventual interactions among the components of the formulations. The in vitro release profile study showed that after 168 h, a maximum of about 30% of tamoxifen was released, evidencing that the increase of the TPGS amount in the formulation reduced the amount of tamoxifen released. The low rate of in vitro release drug suggests that the major part of the drug will remain encapsulated during the period of blood permanence, favoring the arrival of the intact nanostructure at the tumoral site. During the evaluation of the plasmatic concentration profile, conducted with Wistar rats, it was not possible to detect neither the tamoxifen nor its main metabolite, suggesting that the intact micelles may have quickly accumulated in the organs.

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Schütten, Markus. "Konzept eines COM-basierten technischen Produktinformationssystems (TPIS)." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962834858.

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Albozahid, Muayad. "Design of novel high modulus TPUs for nanocomposite applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-novel-high-modulus-tpus-for-nanocomposite-applications(ce7989db-b70d-46a3-8c11-6793a6d9e235).html.

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This thesis focuses on designing thermoplastic nanocomposites with good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Thermoplastic nanocomposites, which are used in this work, are composed of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrices and graphene nanofillers (GNFs). TPUs were synthesised with large ratios of hard segments (HS), including 60, 70 and 80 Wt. % HS. The influences of HS content and annealing treatment at 80oC on the thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of TPUs and TPUs/GNFs samples have been investigated. The crystallinity, Tg, tensile strength, yield strength, and tensile modulus of all pure TPU samples are seen to increase after annealing treatment due to microphase separation. This also depends on the HS content in order to achieve better properties with various annealing times. The nanofillers include graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Various dispersion routes have been utilised to achieve better dispersion and distribution of the nanofillers. In-situ polymerisation, melt-compounding and solution-mixing techniques have been used to study dispersion effects and further moulding by injection moulding to prepare new TPU nanocomposites. Filler-matrix and filler-filler interfaces significantly influence the final performance of TPU nanocomposites. There is therefore a balance to be struck in the design of graphene-based TPU nanocomposites between the ability to achieve higher loadings of reinforcement and the reduction in effective Youngâs modulus of the reinforcement as the number of layers in the nanofillers is increased. Effective stress transfer is achieved as a result of both dispersion and interfacial interaction. It has been demonstrated that graphene plays a reinforcing role in nanocomposites through its effective modulus as well as bonding with TPU phases. The first nanofiller studied is GNP, which shows good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. The in-situ polymerisation approach was found to be the best dispersion method compared to melt compounding and solution mixing, as the optimum properties of GNP nanofillers can be achieved in the TPU/70 HS matrix. The TPU/70 HS had higher values compared to both TPU/60 HS and TPU/80 HS. However, the preparation of GO and rGO incorporating TPU/70 HS was not successfully synthesised due to the suppression of chain growth during polymerisation. Thus, the melt-compounding process was used instead for both GO- and rGO-based TPU matrices. TPU/70/GO nanocomposites displayed better mechanical performance compared to TPU/70/rGO nanocomposites, as a result of greater interaction between TPUs chains and fillers surfaces. It was found that the percolation thresholds for GO- and rGO-filled nanocomposites were significantly lower than that of GNP-filled nanocomposites due to their higher aspect ratio. Annealing treatment showed lower mechanical properties of TPU nanocomposite samples compared to non-annealed TPU nanocomposite samples, resulting from disruption of phase separation and restacking of nanofillers. The tensile moduli of nanocomposites were predicted using modified Halpin-Tsai models. Results showed good agreement at low loadings of GNP (â¤1, 3 and 5 Wt. %), which depend on the effect of TPU phase interaction. However, poor agreement was observed at higher loadings of nanofillers, where the TPU nanocomposites displayed reduced reinforcement efficiency. This is due to the fact that the model assumes perfect adhesion between the nanofillers and the matrix, uniform particle dispersion and distribution, and complete exfoliation and total orientation in the direction of applied stress. This also correlates with results from SEM, TEM, POM and diffusivity mapping images, which showed aggregation, agglomeration and poorer distribution of nanofillers in the TPU matrix at higher loadings.

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Barro, Alessandro. "Indirect TPMS improvement: sensor fusion with ultrasound parking sensors." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23765/.

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Pre-feasibility analysis on the optimization of the performance of the indirect tyre pressure monitoring system through a sensor fusion with a new generation of ultrasound parking sensors: from the idea to the development of macro project specifications and macro business case, with definition of the possible new scenario in terms of performance, costs and perceived quality

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Geca, Piotr. "Assessment of TPUs for use in the laser sintering process." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16771/.

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies and especially the Laser Sintering (LS) systems have made an enormous impact on the manufacturing market in the last decade and their adoption continues to grow. Currently, the market of sinterable polymer powders is heavily dominated by polyamides (PAs), which fail to address all the possible LS application niches. Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs) and more specifically Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) have the potential of broadening LS applications, by offering alternative, rubber-like properties to manufactured parts. Laser Sintering is a highly demanding process in regards to materials' thermal properties, as well as bulk properties of its powder form. In the first part of project we assessed TPU powder's compatibility with the Formiga P100 LS system. We found that the greatest obstacle to powder's safe use was its poor ability to flow and the resulting incompatibility with the powder deposition system. Improvement of flow properties was attempted by use of annealing process as well as addition of flow agent (FA). We found neither solution to produce satisfactory bulk properties, but we note that higher levels of FA are likely to increase the additive's effectiveness. In the second part of the project we assessed the performance of twelve diverse batches of TPU, to form a better understanding of factors influencing the mechanical performance of sintered parts. Based on a new paradigm, the sintering process was split into issues of particle coalescence and densification. We found that the particle size and melt viscosity had a strong effect on the strength of interparticle bonds formed in a limited sintering time. When long sintering time was simulated by oven-sintering, we found that parts' density was chiefly determined by powders' ability to cross over into closed-pore densification stage. Powders with Specific Surface Area of 90m²/kg and less were unable to densify and formed a stable open-pore structure instead. Avoiding this threshold condition is the first priority in designing future powder batches.

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Ikbal, Sofia Mahomed. "Controle de qualidade do TPS Gamma Plan." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8766.

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Majchrák, František. "Návrh a realizace zařízení pro zjednodušení a urychlení testování systému AWS/TPWS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400607.

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The aim of the work was design and realization of device to simplify and speed up the testing of AWS / TPWS train protection system. The first chapter is addressed to description and division of train protection systems. The next chapter describes the process of commissioning the AWS / TPWS system and possible applycation of the device to this process. The final chapters deal with design, specification of components, realization of device and verification of its functionality.

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Reis, Angelina de Fatima Moreno Vaz dos. "Think Pair Share - TPS: aplicação no Ensino Fundamental I." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97138/tde-21112017-140423/.

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As Metodologias Ativas de Aprendizagem são estratégias de ensino que visam a mobilizar o aluno para a construção do próprio conhecimento de forma proativa e menos receptora. A presente pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, propôs-se investigar a aplicação da metodologia ativa Think Pair Share no Ensino Fundamental I. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma sequência de atividades com o tema astronomia com ênfase para o tópico lua, em que os alunos tiveram que pensar em conjunto, discutir em pares e efetuar relações com a mediação do professor. O desenvolvimento desta estratégia foi considerado positivo, pois os alunos se mostraram engajados nas atividades e responderam satisfatoriamente a ela. Foi constatada escassez de material de pesquisa sobre metodologias ativas aplicada ao Ensino Fundamental I no Brasil, o que sinaliza a necessidade de aprofundar as práticas e efetuar um registro reflexivo sistemático sobre as mesmas.
Learning Active Methodologies are teaching strategies to mobilize students to build knowledge through a more proactive and less receptive way. This research, of a qualitative approach, has proposed to investigate the application of active methodology Think Pair Share in Primary Education. Therefore, a sequence of activities was developed with the theme of astronomy with emphasis on the topic moon; students should think together, discuss in pairs and build relations with the mediation of the teacher. The development of this strategy has been positive because students were engaged in activities and responded satisfactorily. There is a shortage of Active Methodologies research material applied to Primary Education in Brazil, this shows the need of deepening the practices and create a systematic reflective record on them.

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Matulík, Jan. "Zvýšení efektivity výrobní linky za použití metody lean (TPS)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228656.

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This dissertation deals with analysis and follow-up suggestion of efficiency improvement on the production line in DAIKIN DEVICE CZECH REPUBLIC Ltd. Mentioned steps are performed with the help of production philosophy called Lean production or TPS (Toyota Production System) and production procedures like Just in Time, Jidoka and Kaizen. The target of this work is to find out and eliminate inefficiencies of manufacturing process, design an improvement project (saving cost, safeness, reduction of working positions etc.). Perform evaluation of this project and suggest testing procedure for follow-up improvement in the future.

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Chuang, Kai-Ting. "Characterization of mouse two-pore channels (TPCs) in NAADP-mediated Ca(2+) signalling." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dbf87d55-4266-4fa9-9eef-5214e7f4cd01.

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Recent studies have identified Two-Pore Channels (TPCs) as the channels activated by NAADP. To date, most studies that characterized these channels have employed heterologous expression or overexpression systems. The research reported here has focused principally on endogenous TPC activity by using single and dual gene knockout (KO) in a mouse system and has yielded insights into TPC expression levels, subcellular localisation, NAADP binding, and channel function. Mouse models that had been generated by both the “gene-trapping” and the “genetargeting” techniques were obtained and validated. These included a knock-down strain (“hypomorph”). Surprisingly, all TPC mutant mice showed no gross phenotypes. In addition to the two known isoforms in mouse, TPC1 and TPC2, the expression of a shorter variant of TPC1 was discovered; this has an alternative (truncated) N-terminus, and has been termed (DELTA)N-TPC1. All TPC variants/isoforms were widely expressed in all mouse tissue types tested. Overexpression of mouse TPCs in mouse embryonic fibroblasts showed that (DELTA)N-TPC1 and TPC2 were expressed primarily in late endosomes/lysosomes while TPC1 was expressed in both endosomes and lysosomes. Dileucine sorting motifs target TPCs to late endosomes/lysosomes; it was shown that truncation or mutation of dileucine motifs significantly reduced localization in late endosomes/lysosomes. Furthermore, TPCs were shown not to be the direct binding target of NAADP, as the high affinity NAADP binding was retained in hepatic membranes from TPC double KO (DKO) mice. It is concluded that NAADP binds to an (as yet, unidentified) accessory protein. The functional role of TPCs was studied in depth using mouse pancreatic acinar cells. NAADP is known to release Ca²⁺ from the acidic stores in response to the stimulation by the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). In all TPC mutant mice, CCK was still able to evoke Ca²⁺ oscillations, but with slower and attenuated oscillations in the TPC1 hypomorph, and with slower oscillations in TPC DKO. In all TPC KOs, oscillations were disrupted by known inhibitors of the NAADP-signalling pathway (Ned-19, GPN and bafilomycin A1), indistinguishable from the responses with wild-type cells. This suggests that TPCs are not involved in CCK signalling, although it is possible that functional compensation masked the phenotype arising from the impaired signalling.

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Mustafa, Ghulam. "Comparing Kanban, 5S and TPS from a software engineering perspective." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-107080.

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Developing high quality software is difficult. Traditional software engineering methods emphasizes on structured and linear workflow of activities methods that have been criticized due to their rigid and inflexible nature. Recently, agile software engineering approaches such as Scrum have gained popularity in the software industry. These methods emphasize flexibility, speed, transparency, and teamwork aspects. In this thesis, investigation and comparison of three modern production practices and principles done, these include; Kanban, the 5S workplace organization method and Toyota Production System (TPS). The goal has been to identity features of these production philosophies and analyzed how they might contribute to software engineering processes, particularly to improve Scrum. The study indicates that many principles from these production approaches have been implemented in Scrum. However, the Kanban, 5S and TPS principles of Visibility are just partially implemented in Scrum. Scrum overlooks many aspects of programming that need to be visualized such as code quality aspects (testing) and representations of the actual software structure under development.

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Heister, Paula Maria. "The role of two pore channels (TPCs) in pancreatic beta cell stimulus-secretion coupling." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4bed27d2-e7e4-49ff-8168-aa02b6f9b613.

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This thesis presents an investigation into the role of the recently identified two pore channels (TPCs) in Î²-cell stimulus-secretion coupling. TPCs are the receptors for calcium mobilising messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) located in the membrane of acidic intracellular calcium stores. It is proposed that they are responsible for the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (Katp channel) independent pathway of stimulus-secretion coupling; and that this pathway is not subordinate to the KAT? channel dependent pathway; but an alternative explanation of stimulus-secretion coupling in its own right. The first section of this thesis presents a characterisation of sub-membrane cal- cium signals observed in primary mouse Î²-cells in response to glucose and the membrane-permeable acetoxymethyl ester form of NAADP (NAADP-AM) using the non-ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator fluo-4 and total internal reflection (TIRF) microscopy. These are compared to global cytosolic calcium changes observed with epifluorescence microscopy. Factors affecting the shape and time course of re- sponses are investigated, and pharmacological tools used to provide evidence for the role of intracellular calcium release from acidic stores mediated by NAADP. Having characterised the calcium responses of Î²-cells using TIRF; the second part of the thesis examines the effects of knocking out TPC2 (single KO), or both TPC1 and TPC2 (DKO) on these responses; after an initial assessment of pancreatic islet and Î²-cell morphology using electron microscopy. Gender differences in Î²-cell responses to glucose and NAADP are assessed in both wild type and knockout animals. Finally, the third section presents the discovery of elementary calcium release events in pancreatic Î²-cells. The current project visualises what are likely the triggering events for the global calcium signals examined in sections one and two. They take the form of localised calcium release in response to NAADP-AM and glucose; akin to sparks and puffs observed by stimulation with cADPR and IP3. Optical quantal analysis demonstrates the quantal nature of the events and estimates the size of the unitary calcium release unit (CRU) for NAADP. .

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Foster, Sarah Jenne. "Processing Instruction and Teaching Proficiency Through Reading and Storytelling: A Study of Input in the Second Language Classroom." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67982/.

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This paper reports a study of VanPatten's processing instruction (PI) and Ray's TPRS. High school students in a beginning Spanish course were divided into three groups (PI, TPRS, and control) and instructed in forms using the Spanish verb gustar. Treatment included sentence-level and discourse-level input, and tests included interpretation and production measures in a pretest, an immediate posttest, and a delayed posttest given two and a half months following treatment. The PI group made the greatest gains in production measures and in a grammaticality judgment test, and the TPRS group made the greatest gains in written fluency. The PI group's statistical gains in production measures held through the delayed posttest.

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Rojas, Jose Santos. "Production and post-harvest technology for hybrid true potato seed (TPS)." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363810.

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Tong, Ping-tat. "An evaluation of the Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) in Hong Kong." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2008. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-sa-b22723298a.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2008.
"A dissertation undertaken in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Master of Arts in Public Policy & Management, City University of Hong Kong." Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 24, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-82)

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Acevedo, Oscar. "On the Computation of LFSR Characteristic Polynomials for One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Test Pattern Generation." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/893.

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Current methodologies for built-in test pattern generation usually employ a predetermined linear feedback shift register (LFSR) in order to generate or decompress deterministic test patterns. As a direct consequence, the test pattern computation and the fault coverage are constrained to the preselected architecture. Work has been done to determine desirable characteristics in the LFSR to be used. Also, work has been done in the use of these predefined architectures, in order to compact the test data. In general, these methodologies take advantage of the large amount of don't care bits present in the test patterns, to accommodate the few specified bits to the output generated by the predefined LFSR. This dissertation explores the design of the LFSR as a built-in mechanism for test pattern generation in integrated circuits. The advantage of designing such devices is that the test set generation process is not constrained to a predefined LFSR mechanism, and the fault coverage is not affected. The methodologies presented in this work are based on cryptography concepts and heuristics to perform its computation. First, it is shown how these concepts can be adapted to test pattern generation. After this, methodologies are presented to generate one-dimensional and two-dimensional test sets. For the case of two-dimensional test set, the design of phase shifters is included.

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Sukdolák, Martin. "Formy zlepšujících (KAIZEN) aktivit ve firmách z vybraných oborů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11191.

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The goal of the thesis is to analyze continuous improvement (Kaizen) activities in companies, which operates in the Czech Rep. Based on this analysis, defining criteria for optimal selection of forms of continuous improvement activities, and aplling suitable tools and methods of continuous process improvement will follow.

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Oliveira, Camila Fernanda de Paula. "Obtenção e caracterização de amido termoplástico e de suas misturas com polipropileno." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-16062016-101007/.

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Este trabalho está dividido em: obtenção e caracterização de amido termoplástico (TPS); estudo do envelhecimento do TPS e blendas de PP/TPS. O estudo do TPS, foi realizado utilizando amido de milho, 30% em massa de glicerol e outros componentes que variam entre as amostras. Primeiramente foi realizado um planejamento estatístico para obter a composição ótima de TPS. Foram escolhidos cinco parâmetros de entrada: 2 de composição (umidade e teor de ácido cítrico) e 3 de processamento (temperatura, velocidade dos rotores e tempo), visando obter um TPS com propriedades térmicas e mecânicas superiores. De acordo com os resultados de infravermelho, termogravimetria, microscopia ótica (MO) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram escolhidas 2 composições. Estas foram calandradas e confeccionadas para obtenção dos corpos de prova de tração. Os resultados dos ensaios mecânicos mostraram que amostras com teor de ácido cítrico de aproximadamente 2% em massa apresentam os maiores valores de módulo de elasticidade e resistência à tração. Com estes resultados foram realizadas novas composições com outros ácidos carboxílicos: adípico, málico e tartárico e amostras sem ácidos. As curvas de torque indicaram que as amostras sem ácido carboxílico e com ácido adípico perdem água durante o processamento. Analisando os resultados verifica-se que o TPS com os ácidos málico e tartárico apresentam melhores propriedades mecânicas e térmicas. Também foi analisado o envelhecimento, e notou-se que com o tempo as amostras tendem a perder plastificante, modificando suas propriedades mecânicas e sua cristalinidade. Entretanto, durante o intervalo de um ano, as amostras de TPS com ácido málico e tartárico não sofreram perda significativa de plastificante. Por último, foram obtidas blendas de PP reciclado com TPS nas composições 50/50, 60/40 e 70/30 em massa, respectivamente, com e sem adição de ácidos: cítrico, málico e tartárico e anidrido maleico. As amostras foram caracterizadas por FTIR, DRX, reometria capilar, MEV e por teste de resistência à tração. Micrografias obtidas por MEV indicaram que todas as composições estudadas possuem morfologia predominantemente co-contínua. A presença dos ácidos, geralmente, reduz os valores das propriedades mecânicas da blenda de PP com TPS e a adição de PP-g-MA é mais efetiva nas blendas sem adição de ácido. Ao analisar o envelhecimento das blendas com adição de ácidos tartárico e málico, notou-se que as propriedades mecânicas não foram alteradas em função do tempo de estocagem.
This work is divided in four parts: obtention and characterization of thermoplastic starch (TPS), study of TPS ageing, and characterization of PP/TPS blends. This study used TPS with cornstarch, glycerol (30 wt.%) and other components. First of all, a statistic study about thermoplastic starch preparation methods was performed in order to obtain the best TPS composition. Five parameters were evaluated: the starch water content, citric acid concentration, and three process parameters: temperature, time and rotor speed. According to infrared, thermogravimetry, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy results, we have chosen two compositions to be mechanically tested. The mechanical tests required the samples to be calendered and cut with knife. The results of the mechanical tests showed that samples containing 2 wt.% of citric acid had the highest Young modulus and tensile strength values. Based on these results, new compositions were prepared with other carboxylic acids, such as adipic, malic and tartaric acids, as well as pure samples. The torque curves showed that the samples without carboxylic and adipic acid loose water during the processing. Analyzing the results, it is possible to see that TPS with malic and tartaric acids have better mechanical and thermal properties. Ageing was also analyzed and it was noted that the samples tend to loose plasticizer, altering their mechanical properties and crystallinity with time. However, during the one-year period, TPS samples with malic and tartaric acid suffered no significant plasticizer loss. Finally, recycled PP blends were obtained with the following compositions of PP/TPS: 50/50, 60/40, and 70/30. To these blends, some acids were added, such as citric, malic and tartaric, and maleic anhydride. Their properties were compared to the ones for pure blend. The samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD, capillary rheometry, SEM, and for tensile strength. SEM micrographs showed that all studied blends have predominantely co-continuous morphology. Usually, the presence of the acid reduces the mechanical property values of the PP/TPS blends. The addition of PP-g-MA is more effective in blends without acids. By analyzing the ageing of the blends with malic and tartaric acid it was noted that the mechanical properties were not changed as a function of the storage time.

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Chavez, Garcia Maria Graciela. "Étude des mélanges co-continus d'acide polylactique et d'amidon thermoplastique (PLA/TPS)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6165.

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Les mélanges co-continus sont des mélanges polymériques où chaque composant se trouve dans une phase continue. Pour cette raison, les caractéristiques de chacun des composants se combinent et il en résulte un matériau avec une morphologie et des propriétés particulières. L'acide polylactique (PLA) et l'amidon thermoplastique (TPS) sont des biopolymères qui proviennent de ressources renouvelables et qui sont biodégradables. Dans ce projet, différents mélanges de PLA et TPS à une haute concentration de TPS ont été préparés dans une extrudeuse bi-vis afin de générer des structures co-continues. Grâce à la technique de lixiviation sélective, le TPS est enlevé pour créer une structure poreuse de PLA qui a pu être analysée au moyen de la microtomographie R-X et de la microscopie électronique à balayage MEB. L'analyse des images 2D et 3D confirme la présence de la structure co-continue dans les mélanges dont la concentration en TPS. se situe entre 66% et 80%. L'effet de deux plastifiants, le glycérol seul et le mélange de glycérol et de sorbitol, dans la formulation de TPS est étudié dans ce travail. De plus, nous avons évalué l'effet du PLA greffé à l'anhydride maléique (PLAg) en tant que compatibilisant. On a trouvé que la phase de TPS obtenue avec le glycérol est plus grande. L'effet de recuit sur la taille de phases est aussi analysé. Grâce aux mêmes techniques d'analyse, on a étudié l'effet du procédé de moulage par injection sur la morphologie. On a constaté que les pièces injectées présentent une microstructure hétérogène et différente entre la surface et le centre de la pièce. Près de la surface, une peau plus riche en PLA est présente et les phases de TPS y sont allongées sous forme de lamelles. Plus au centre de la pièce, une morphologie plus cellulaire est observée pour chaque phase continue. L'effet des formulations sur les propriétés mécaniques a aussi été étudié. Les pièces injectées dont la concentration de TPS est plus grande présentent une moindre résistance à la traction. La présence du compatibilisant dans la région co-continue affecte négativement cette résistance. En considérant que l'amidon est un biomatériau abondant, moins cher et plus rapidement biodégradable, son ajout dans le PLA présente l'avantage de réduire le coût tout en augmentant la vitesse de dégradation du PLA. De plus, une structure continue poreuse de PLA produit par la technique de lixiviation sélective a des applications potentielles soit comme matériau à dégradation rapide ou encore, une fois la phase TPS retirée, comme substrat à porosité ouverte pour la fabrication de membranes, de supports cellulaires ou de filtres.

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Lyons, Kristopher Aaron. "Evaluating the Dosimetric Impact of Treatment Couch Modeling in the RayStation TPS." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1588675720197405.

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Burchill, Kerri L. P. "La perception des enseignants du conseil scolaire public de Calgary face au Teacher Professional Growth Plans, TPGP." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60389.pdf.

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Chan, Lai Hing. "Mechanism of action and functional role of the two-pore channels (TPCs) in key vertebrate physiological processes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0001f9ef-59c4-478e-a3e7-71215384cea0.

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Two-pore channels (TPCs) represent a strong candidate for being pivotal components of the endolysosomal cation channels regulated by nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), a novel Ca2+-releasing second messenger. A substantial body of evidence has implicated TPCs functional roles in key physiological processes, such as autophagy, osteoclast formation, neuronal differentiation, etc. Given the importance of Ca2+ signals in regulating skeletal muscle development and differentiation, and the rising prominence of NAADP/TPC signalling in regulating different aspects of physiological events, the first part of my research project sought to determine whether this lately-established Ca2+ mobilization also plays a role in myogenesis. By using morpholino-based knockdown of TPC2, together with bioluminescence-based Ca2+ imaging, a significant disruption of the characteristic Ca2+ signalling profiles generated by slow muscle cells of intact zebrafish embryos was noted. In addition, impairment in the gross and fine structure of the trunk of zebrafish embryos was apparent in TPC2 morphants. Thus suggesting involvement of TPC2 in regulating slow muscle cell development. On the other hand, whole-mount in situ hybridisation of intact zebrafish embryos revealed an expression of Tpcn3 mRNA, implicating TPC3 a role in zebrafish embryogenesis. Previous study showed that TPC2 was transiently upregulated during the early stages of C3H10T1/2 adipocyte differentiation in vitro, the second part of my project aimed to investigate whether TPC2 plays a functional role in such process, also to identify the upstream mediators involved in regulating Tpcn2 expression and potential downstream effectors mediated by TPC2. My findings demonstrated impairment of adipogenesis in TPC2 knockdown cells and in cells depleted of lysosomal stores, indicating an involvement of TPC2 and lysosomal stores in such process. Besides, PKA and Epac were found to be required for the observed Tpcn2 upregulation, probably via a mechanism involving CREB activity, based on the findings that CREB bound to CRE element of Tpcn2 promoter. Preliminary results further suggested that calpain might be a potential effector of TPC2 in regulating C3H10T1/2 adipogenesis. In view of the accumulating evidence showing the participation of NAADP in the nervous system, the third part of my work presented evidence of expression of Tpcn1 mRNA in several regions of the brain, implicating potential role(s) for TPC1 in those areas.

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SOUZA, G. M. "Os Trabalhadores Portuários Avulsos (TPAS) e os impactos socioeconômicos da Lei 8.630/93 de modernização dos portos." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9286.

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:44:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_8806_Dissertação - Gracineide Maria de Souza - versão entregue em 06-09-2017.pdf: 1950504 bytes, checksum: 9a566cdee3a396c58124086f468bf857 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-24
Esta dissertação tem como finalidade mensurar o impacto socioeconômico causado aos Trabalhadores Portuários Avulsos (TPAs) pela promulgação da Lei 8.630/93, de 25 de fevereiro de 1993, conhecida como Lei de Modernização dos Portos, que influenciou diversos segmentos produtivos e profissionais do país. A Lei determinou a institucionalização do Órgão Gestor de Mão-de-Obra no Espírito Santo (OGMOES), órgão responsável por administrar as atividades desenvolvidas pelos TPAs, num processo que alterou as relações de trabalho dessas categorias. Tal alteração foi tão profunda que tornou-se objeto desta dissertação: a identificação do impacto a esses trabalhadores a partir do início administração do OGMO. Com esse objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa com trabalhadores portuários avulsos, dirigentes de sindicatos, superintendente do órgão administrador do Porto de Vitória, a CODESA, e um trabalhador que teve as atividades encerradas em consequência das mudanças implementadas pela referida Lei. Como arcabouço teórico foi utilizada bibliografia especializada e estudos de caso que referenciam o tema, bem como o emprego da história oral para construção de fontes de memória, além de outras fontes documentais. A metodologia utilizada para obtenção informações sobre os trabalhadores e sindicatos foi um questionário com 24 (vinte e quatro) perguntas, sendo 20 questões fechadas, 3 (três) semiabertas e 1 (uma) aberta, aplicado a 31 (trinta e um) trabalhadores portuários avulsos de diversas categorias e entrevistas estruturadas direcionada a alguns líderes sindicais e da CODESA. A partir dos estudos realizados com os trabalhadores e a análise do cenário atual das atividades que são desenvolvidas para movimentação de cargas no porto foi possível identificar os vários impactos socioeconômicos experimentados pela categoria e pelas entidades sindicais.

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Asiev, Krum. "Validation of a Monte Carlo based treatment planning system (TPS) for electron beams." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101700.

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A commercial electron dose calculation software (Eclipse TM) implementation based on the Macro Monte Carlo algorithm has been introduced. Eclipse™ initial configurations were performed for all available electron beam energies 6, 9, 12, 16, and 20 MeV. We evaluated the electron Monte Carlo (eMC) module of the Eclipse™ using a verification data set comprised of depth dose curves, profiles, Relative Output Factors (ROF), and 2-0 dose distributions in the transverse plane in a homogeneous phantom. The verification data set was comprised of measurements performed for combinations of 6, 9, 12, 16, and 20 MeV beam energies with five standard field sizes and thirteen irregularly shaped fields under three phantom setups. The phantom setups were normal beam incidence at source-to-surface distance (SSO) = 100cm, normal incidence with extended SSO=11 Ocm, and oblique incidence with extended SSO=11 Ocm. Calculations were performed in a digital phantom with the maximum number of particles accepted by Eclipse ™ with a grid spacing that was no larger than approximately one-tenth the distal falloff distance of the electron depth dose curve from 80% to 20% of the maximum dose. Overall, the agreement between the calculated dose distributions and measured on es was good for fields larger than 2 cm to better than 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance-to-agreement.

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Cheung, Ka-lun, and 張家麟. "Impacts of resident participation on property management in tenant purchase scheme (TPS) estates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009156.

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Cheung, Ka-lun. "Impacts of resident participation on property management in tenant purchase scheme (TPS) estates /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40697952.

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Gonçalves, Sérgio Manuel Gago. "Impacto do TPS (Toyota Production System) na performance de empresas do sector automóvel." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1615.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Operações
O presente trabalho pretende demonstrar que o Sistema de Produção Toyota é na sua essência um Sistema de Gestão do Conhecimento. Sendo composto pela revisão das principais características de um Sistema de Gestão do Conhecimento e verificação da sua aplicação pela Toyota, através das metodologias preconizadas pelo seu Sistema de Produção. A análise é efectuada com recurso a dados de uma multinacional da indústria automóvel, que adoptou as metodologias nipónicas nas suas operações. Procurando verificar se à medida que as áreas, definidas no modelo conceptual de elevação de gestão de conhecimento, se vão desenvolvendo existe uma correlação directa com a evolução de indicadores chaves. Indicadores de qualidade, custos, entregas e recursos humanos. ABSTRACT: This research proposes to demonstrate that the Toyota Production System has in the essence one Knowledge Management System. The approach is made though a revision of the main characteristics of one Knowledge Management System and analysing there appliance by Toyota, trough the methodologies defined in the Production System. The analysis is made with data from a worldwide supplier, of the main automotive OEM’s, that implemented the Japanese’s methodologies in the daily operation. Trying to verify that when the areas, defined in the conceptual model of elevation of the Knowledge Management, are developed there is a direct correlation with the evolution of key indicators. Indicators of quality, costs, deliveries and human resources.

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Owens, Walten. "Aero-Thermal Characterization Of Silicon Carbide Flexible Tps Using A 30kw Icp Torch." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/363.

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Flexible thermal protection systems are of interest due to their necessity for the success of future atmospheric entry vehicles. Current non-ablative flexible designs incorporate a two-dimensional woven fabric on the leading surface of the vehicle. The focus of this research investigation was to characterize the aerothermal performance of silicon carbide fabric using the 30 kW Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch located at the University of Vermont. Experimental results have shown that SiC fabric test coupons achieving surface temperatures between 1000°C and 1500°C formed an amorphous silicon dioxide layer within seconds after insertion into air plasmas. The transient morphological changes that occurred during oxidation caused a time dependence in the gas / surface interactions which may detrimentally affect the in-flight performance. Room temperature tensile tests of the SiC coupons have shown a rapid strength loss for durations less than 240 seconds due to oxidation. Catastrophic failure and temperature spikes were observed on almost all SiC coupons when exposed to air plasmas at heat fluxes above 80 W/cm2. Interestingly, simulation of entry into the Mars atmosphere using a carbon dioxide plasma caused a material response that was vastly different than the predictable silica layer observed during air plasma exposure.

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Thorpe, Stephanie Lynn. "Supramolecular Chirality of Charged Water-Soluble Porphyrins on PolyGlutamate." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1386236192.

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GOMES, Vinicius Olivieri Rodrigues. "Acompanhamento da bioatividade do solo puro e tratado durante o processo de biodegrada??o das blendas de polietileno/amido termopl?stico/quitosana (PEBD/TPS/Q) e amido termopl?stico/quitosana (TPS/Q)." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1806.

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The need of producing polymeric artifacts increasingly powerful and versatile but which have increasingly lower biodegradation times motivates the scientific community to seek combinations of natural and synthetic polymers in order to meet both aspects. The manufacture of the blend LDPE/TPS Starch / Chitosan aims to go against that objective. The biodegradation occurs mostly in the soil. Trying to understand the dynamics of the biodegradation process in soil, this paper monitored the effects caused by deposition of the blend, analyzing different parameters, such as organic carbon, organic matter and microbial carbon, indicating levels of soil quality.The blends were prepared with different concentrations of chitosan, with values set to 0, 7, 5 and 15% of total mass and buried in pure soil and soil treated with humus. The analysis periods were 10, 40, 70, 100 and 130 days, with samples being exposed to the environment. Infrared analysis were performed using Fourier transform, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with spectroscopy dispersive energy before and after biodegradation mass loss, after the biodegradation process of the blends. Organic carbon, organic matter, microbial carbon, pH and moisture in the soil.The results obtained after analysis in blend showed that with the passage of time, the biodegradation process happened, considering that carbon levels dropped considerably and oxygen were increased in accordance with the EDS analysis. The FTIR analysis confirmed this fact by showing that there was an intese oxidative process, especially in the initial 70 days in all samples. The X-RD analysis showed that there was a variationin crystallinity, but always with a decrease of this paramenter. The weight loss was also significant and progressive in all samples. Soil results showed that the same is resilient and can recover its characteristics during the biodegradation process. At the beginning of the experiment, especially in the first 40 ays, all evaluated paramenters declined considerably, but returned to baseline levels and maintained these values by the end of the experiment. Experimental design was made and it showed that none of the dependent variables influenced the biodegradion process.
A necessidade de produzir artefatos polim?ricos cada vez mais vers?teis e ?performantes? e que apresentem caracter?sticas de biodegrada??o cada vez mais acentuadas tem motivado a comunidade cient?fica a buscar combina??es entre pol?meros sint?ticos e naturais com o objetivo de atender esses aspectos. O desenvolvimento de blendas de polietileno de baixa densidade/amido termopl?stico/quitosana (PEBD/TPS/Q) e de amido termopl?stico/quitosana (TPS/Q) visou ir de encontro a tal objetivo, procurando entender a din?mica do processo biodegradativo no solo. O presente trabalho acompanhou os efeitos causados pela deposi??o dessas blendas, analisando diferentes par?metros, como carbono org?nico total, massa org?nica total e carbono de biomassa microbiana, que indicam n?veis de qualidade do solo, al?m da perda de massa ap?s cada per?odo de biodegrada??o. As blendas de PEBD/TPS/Q e TPS/Q foram preparadas com diferentes concentra??es de quitosana, com valores definidos em 0, 7,5 e 15% da massa total e enterradas em solo puro e solo tratado com h?mus. Os per?odos de an?lise de biodegrada??o foram de 10, 40, 70, 100 e 130 dias, com as amostras sendo expostas ao ambiente. As blendas foram analisadas por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), difra??o de raios-X (DRX), microscopia eletr?nica de varredura com espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (MEV/EDS), e quanto a perda de massa, antes e ap?s o processo de biodegrada??o. Tamb?m foram realizadas an?lises de carbono org?nico total, massa org?nica total, concentra??o de carbono de biomassa microbiana, pH e umidade dos solos utilizados. Os resultados comprovaram o processo biodegradativo das blendas com o passar do tempo, tendo em vista a diminui??o dos n?veis de carbono e aumento consider?vel dos n?veis de oxig?nio das blendas de PEBD/TPS/Q, de acordo com as an?lises de FTIR e EDS, e total biodegrada??o das blendas de TPS/Q. As bandas de FTIR comprovaram a ocorr?ncia do processo oxidativo, principalmente nos 70 dias iniciais, nas amostras de PEBD/TPS/Q. As an?lises de DRX mostraram que houve uma varia??o da cristalinidade, com a tend?ncia de diminui??o deste par?metro. A perda de massa tamb?m foi consider?vel e progressiva para todas as amostras. Os resultados de an?lise das amostras de solo mostraram o poder de recupera??o da atividade microbiana dos mesmos (resili?ncia) durante o processo biodegradativo. No per?odo inicial do experimento, em especial nos primeiros 40 dias, todos os par?metros avaliados sofreram decaimento de seus valores, por?m retornaram aos patamares iniciais e mantiveram esses valores at? o final do experimento. O planejamento experimental realizado mostrou que nenhuma das vari?veis independentes influenciou no processo de bioatividade do solo.

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Giganti, Claudio. "Particule Identification in the T2K TPCs and study of the electron neutrino component in the T2K neutrino beam." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112334.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à la mesure de l'apparition du neutrino électronique avec l'expérience T2K. T2K est une expérience pour la mesure des oscillations de neutrinos installée au Japon. Le faisceau de neutrinos est produit par un accélérateur à JPARC et les neutrinos sont observés avant l'oscillation dans un détecteur proche, ND280, et après l'oscillation dans un détecteur lointain, SuperKamiokande. L'objectif de cette thèse est la mesure, avec le détecteur proche, de la composante intrinsèque de neutrinos électroniques dans le faisceau. Les TPC constituent le détecteur principal utilisé pour cette mesure. La première partie de la thèse décrit la méthode utilisée pour l'identification des particules (PID) : la méthode est basée sur la mesure de la moyenne tronquée de la charge déposée par les particules traversant le milieu gazeux. Les capacités de PID des TPC ont été testées avec des données en faisceau prises à TRIUMF avec un faisceau composé d'électrons, muons et pions ayant une impulsion jusqu'à 400 MeV. L'analyse de ces données confirme que la résolution sur l'énergie déposée dans la TPC est de l'ordre de 7%. Avec les premières données de l'expérience T2K une première mesure de la composante de neutrinos électroniques a été faite. Pour effectuer l'analyse, interactions de neutrinos dans ND280 ont été sélectionnées : cet échantillon est principalement composé par des interactions de neutrinos muoniques car les neutrinos électroniques sont de l'ordre de 1 % du nombre total de neutrinos dans le faisceau. La sélection avec le PID des neutrinos électroniques et muoniques, a permis une première mesure de la composante des neutrinos électroniques dans le faisceau de T2K
This thesis is devoted to the measurement of the electron neutrino appearance with the T2K experiment. T2K is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment that is taking data in Japan. The neutrino beam is produced by an accelerator in JPARC and neutrinos are observed in a Near Detector, ND280, before the oscillation and in the far detector, SuperKamiokande, after the oscillation. The aim of this thesis is the measurement of the intrinsic electron neutrino component of the beam with the Near Detector. The main detector used in this measurement is the ND280 TPC. The first part of the thesis describes the method developed for the particle identification in the TPCs: the PID method is based on the measurement of the truncated mean of the charge deposited by the particles crossing the gas. The PID capabilities of the TPCs have been tested analyzing the beam test data: these data have been taken at TRIUMF where we had a beam composed by electrons, muons and pions with momenta up to 400 MeV/c: the analysis of these data confirmed that the resolution on the deposited energy in the TPCs was of the order of 7%. When the first data of the T2K experiment were available, a first measurement of the electron neutrino component in the near detector has been done. To perform the analysis, a sample of neutrino interactions in ND280 was selected: this sample was mainly composed by muon neutrino interactions as the electron neutrino is expected to be 1 % of the total number of neutrinos in the beam. The selection of both, electron and muon neutrinos, allowed a first measurement of the electron neutrino component in the T2K beam

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Aldas, Carrasco Miguel Fernando. "Uso de derivados de colofonia como aditivos sostenibles en biopolímeros de almidón termoplástico (TPS)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/171770.

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[ES] La Tesis Doctoral investigó el uso de la resina de pino (colofonia o gum rosin, GR) y sus derivados modificados químicamente, como aditivos sostenibles de biopolímeros basados en almidón termoplástico. El trabajo se dividió en seis secciones de investigación. Dos trabajos previos y cuatro trabajos medulares, cada uno de los cuales constituyeron los objetivos específicos de la investigación. Los trabajos previos permitieron determinar que la resina de pino y derivados pueden ser utilizados tanto en matrices poliméricas sintéticas (policloruro de vinilo, PVC), como en matrices poliméricas biodegradables (una mezcla de poliácido láctico y poli(butilén adipato co-tereftalato - PLA/PBAT). En el caso del PVC, se estudió el efecto de un derivado de colofonia, el trietilén glicol de colofonia (TEGR), como aditivo natural para incrementar la viscosidad en plastisoles basados en PVC. En el caso de estudio con una matriz biodegradable, se usó colofonia sin modificar (GR), como agente de control de tamaño de dominios de PBAT para aumentar la tenacidad de formulaciones basadas en una mezcla de PLA/PBAT. Luego, se estudió el uso de la resina de pino y derivados como aditivos de biopolímeros basados en almidón termoplástico (TPS) y el efecto de las resinas en las diferentes formulaciones de estos materiales. En primera instancia se estudiaron y establecieron las condiciones de procesamiento para obtener un almidón totalmente plastificado (almidón termoplástico - TPS) utilizando mezclas de almidón de maíz plastificado con glicerol y agua; procesadas a diferentes perfiles de temperatura de extrusión. En una siguiente instancia, se estudiaron mezclas de TPS con cinco derivados de resina de colofonia: colofonia sin modificar (GR), colofonia deshidrogenada (RD), colofonia modificada con anhidrido maleico (CM) y dos ésteres de colofonia, un pentaeritritol éster (LF) y un éster de glicerol grado alimenticio (UG). A continuación, se estudió el comportamiento de un material de interés comercial al ser aditivado con derivados de la resina de pino. Para ello, se usó colofonia sin modificar (GR) y dos ésteres de pentaeritritol de colofonia (LF, y UT). La matriz de estudio fue un biopolímero del tipo Mater-Bi (Mater-Bi® NF 866 (Mater-Bi), una mezcla comercial basada en almidón termoplástico (TPS), un poliéster alifático-aromático (polibutilén adipato co-tereftalato) (PBAT) y poly-(ε)-caprolactona (PCL)). Finalmente, se estudiaron los materiales formulados con el material de interés comercial (Mater-Bi) y las resinas y derivados seleccionados (GR, LF y UT) desde un punto de vista microscópico, para determinar a profundidad las interacciones de los componentes del Mater-Bi con cada una de las resinas. Los resultados obtenidos se muestran favorables y prometedores pues demuestran que las resinas de pino y sus derivados son una alternativa viable para ser usados como aditivos naturales en una diversidad de materiales, tanto sintéticos como biobasados y biodegradables. Además, las resinas de pino y colofonia son materiales sostenibles que proviene de fuentes 100% naturales y renovables, por lo que su uso supone una disminución del impacto en el medio ambiente.
[CA] La Tesi Doctoral va investigar l'ús de la resina de pi (colofònia o gum rosin, GR) i els seus derivats modificats químicament, com a additius sostenibles de biopolímers basats en midó termoplàstic. El treball es va dividir en sis seccions d'investigació. Dos treballs previs i quatre treballs medul·lars, cadascun dels quals van constituir els objectius específics de la investigació. Els treballs previs van permetre determinar que la resina de pi i derivats poden ser utilitzats tant en matrius polimèriques sintètiques (policlorur de vinil, PVC), com en matrius polimèriques biodegradables (una mescla de poliácido làctic i poli(butilén adipat co-tereftalato - PLA/PBAT). En el cas del PVC, es va estudiar l'efecte d'un derivat de colofònia, el trietilén glicol de colofònia (TEGR), com a additiu natural per a incrementar la viscositat en plastisoles basats en PVC. En el cas d'estudi amb una matriu biodegradable, es va usar colofònia sense modificar (GR), com a agent de control de grandària de dominis de PBAT per a augmentar la tenacitat de formulacions basades en una mescla de PLA/PBAT. Després, es va estudiar l'ús de la resina de pi i derivats com a additius de biopolímers basats en midó termoplàstic (TPS) i l'efecte de les resines en les diferents formulacions d'aquests materials. En primera instància es van estudiar i van establir les condicions de processament per a obtindre un midó totalment plastificat (midó termoplàstic - TPS) utilitzant mescles de midó de dacsa plastificada amb glicerol i aigua; processades a diferents perfils de temperatura d'extrusió. En una següent instància, es van estudiar mescles de TPS amb cinc derivats de resina de colofònia: colofònia sense modificar (GR), colofònia deshidrogenada (RD), colofònia modificada amb anhidrido maleic (CM) i dos èsters de colofònia, un pentaeritritol èster (LF) i un èster de glicerol grau alimentós (UG). A continuació, es va estudiar el comportament d'un materials d'interés comercial en ser aditivado amb derivats de la resina de pi. Per a això, es va usar colofònia sense modificar (GR) i dos èsters de pentaeritritol de colofònia (LF, i UT). La matriu d'estudi va ser un biopolímer del tipus Mater-Bi (Mater-Bi® NF 866 (Mater-Bi), una mescla comercial basada en midó termoplàstic (TPS), un polièster alifàtic-aromàtic (polibutilén adipat co-tereftalato) (PBAT) i poly-(ε)-caprolactona (PCL)). Finalment, es van estudiar els materials formulats d'interés comercial (Mater-Bi) i les resines i derivats seleccionats (GR, LF i UT) des d'un punt de vista microscòpic, per a determinar a profunditat les interaccions dels components del Mater-Bi amb cadascuna de les resines. Els resultats obtinguts es mostren favorables i prometedors perquè demostren que les resines de pi i els seus derivats són una alternativa viable per a ser usats com a additius naturals en una diversitat de materials, tant sintètics com biobasados i biodegradables. A més, les resines de pi i colofònia són materials sostenibles que prové de fonts 100% naturals i renovables, per la qual cosa el seu ús suposa una disminució de l'impacte en el medi ambient.
[EN] The Doctoral Thesis investigated the use of pine resin (colophony or gum rosin, GR) and its chemically modified derivatives, as sustainable additives for biopolymers based on thermoplastic starch (TPS). The work was divided into six research sections. Two previous studies and four core studies, each of which constituted the specific objectives of the research. Previous studies made it possible to determine that gum rosin and derivatives can be used both in synthetic polymeric matrices (polyvinyl chloride, PVC) and in biodegradable polymeric matrices (a blend of polyacid lactic acid and poly (butylene adipate co-terephthalate - PLA/PBAT). In the case of PVC, the effect of a rosin derivative, triethylene glycol ester of gum rosin (TEGR), was studied as a natural additive to increase the viscosity in PVC-based plastisols. In the case of a study with a biodegradable matrix, unmodified rosin (GR) was used as a PBAT domain size control agent to increase the toughness of formulations based on a PLA/PBAT blend. Then, the use of gum rosin and derivatives as additives of biopolymers based on thermoplastic starch (TPS) and the effect of the resins in the different formulations of these materials were studied. In the first instance, the processing conditions were studied to obtain a fully plasticized starch (thermoplastic starch - TPS) using mixtures of plasticized corn starch with glycerol and water; processed at different extrusion temperature profiles. In the next instance, blends of TPS with five rosin derivatives were studied: unmodified rosin (GR), dehydrogenated rosin (RD), maleic anhydride-modified rosin (CM) and two rosin esters, a pentaerythritol ester (LF), and a food-grade glycerol ester of gum rosin (UG). Next, the behavior of a commercial interest material when added with derivatives of gum rosin was studied. Unmodified gum rosin (GR) and two pentaerythritol esters of gum rosin (LF and UT) were used. The studied matrix was a Mater-Bi type biopolymer (Mater-Bi® NF 866 (Mater-Bi), a commercial blend based on thermoplastic starch (TPS), an aliphatic-aromatic polyester (polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate) (PBAT ) and poly-(ε)-caprolactone (PCL)). Finally, the formulated materials were studied from a microscopic point of view, to determine in-depth the interactions of the components of Mater-Bi with each of the gum rosin and derivatives resins. The results obtained are favorable and promising as they show that gum rosin and its derivatives are a viable alternative to be used as natural additives in a variety of materials, both synthetic and biobased and biodegradable. In addition, gum rosin and derivatives resins are sustainable materials that come from 100% natural and renewable sources, so their use reduces their impact on the environment.
Agradezco a la Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT) por el apoyo económico en parte de mis estudios doctorales.
Aldas Carrasco, MF. (2021). Uso de derivados de colofonia como aditivos sostenibles en biopolímeros de almidón termoplástico (TPS) [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171770
TESIS

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Malmström, Erik, and Nikki Vackerberg. "Identifiering av faktorer som påverkar ett transportsystem - En studie för Electrolux Laundry Systems Sweden AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19089.

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En kartläggning på Electrolux externa transporter är gjord för att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar lastbilstransporter i dagsläget. Electrolux produktion och lager är uppbyggt efter TPS och kanban vilket betyder att allt som är slöseri skall elimineras och material/komponenter/artiklar endast blir försedda i produktionen vid behov. Idag använder sig Electrolux av slingbilar, som är ett transportsystem där en lastbil kör samma rutt kontinuerligt under året. Rutten utformas efter företagets leverantörer och antal dagar slingbilen ska köras sätts efter företagets behov av material/komponenter/artiklar. För att en slingbil ska vara prisvärd ska den antingen ha ett samspel med utgående gods eller ha tillräckligt hög fyllnadsgrad för att utesluta andra transportmöjligheter. En kartläggning på tre slingbilar är gjort och den gav oss den totala fyllnadsgraden på de tre slingbilarna. De tre olika slingorna vi har analyserat är Skåneslingan, Hovaslingan och Nordöstra Skåneslingan. Skåneslingan har ett samspel med utgående gods och därför är ingen större analys gjord på denna slinga. Hovaslingan har en tillräckligt hög fyllnadsgrad och en förändring på slingan skulle inte medföra några större besparingar. Nordöstra Skåneslingan har en låg fyllnadsgrad och inget samspel med utgående gods vilket har medfört att slingan idag inte är ett prisvärt transportalternativ. Kanbansystemet i produktionen och lagret kräver att Nordöstra Skåneslingan körs två gånger i veckan då kapitalbindningen för material/komponenter/artiklar ska hållas låg enligt kanban. I dagsläget är inte Nordöstra Skåneslingan optimal då fyllnadsgraden är så pass låg att andra transportsätt bör övervägas eller nedskärning på antal dagar. Rapporten innefattar en djupare analys på Nordöstra Skåneslingan där dagsläget är undersökt samt att lagda förslag är analyserade för att optimera upphämtningen av gods från slingan. Varje transportsätt har sina för- och nackdelar vilket är vägda mot varandra för att identifiera de faktorer som påverkar det mest prisvärda transportalternativet för ett företag som använder sig av TPS.

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39

Týřlová, Zuzana. "Aplikace metodiky Lean Six Sigma v logistice Doosan Bobcat." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201715.

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The focal point of this master thesis is Lean Six Sigma methodology and its application on project from practice. Company Doosan Bobcat that has its principles implemented provides this real background. Bobcat still improve and educate itself in this area. Company offered a project from its logistics department that should optimize parts preparation for their transport from one warehouse to another, for this thesis. The project is solved within DMAIC cycle that is firstly described theoretically and then applied on. Then, the tools that are used in individual cycle phases are described as well. The results of the thesis are improvement suggestions, their implementation plan and control plan.

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Linder, Tobias. "Ställtidsreducering på Mälarplast AB." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-32228.

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The problem Modern manufacturing needs to be flexible. Flexibility is achieved by smaller lot sizes of the parts manufactured, which places higher demands on keeping the setup times low. Setup time is the time it takes to switch the production from manufacturing product A to the first approved product B. The setup time can be divided into internal setup time (the time when the machine is stationary), and external setup time (when the machine is active). In many productions the tool exchange is a large part of the total manufacturing time. Based on this, the aim of this thesis can be summarized into two questions: What factors affect the setup time? How can the setup time be reduced? Case study The case study was performed at Mälarplast AB, where a distinction is made to reduction of setup time of the company’s injection molding. The case study consisted of observations, interviews and time-studies. The theoretical framework for this study consisted of a literature study conducted on how to reduce setup-time. A common method for reduction of setup time is SMED, which stands for single minute exchange of dies. This method, which was used in this study involves separating the production of internal and external setup. The seven wastes were also studied, and formed the basis for the suggested improvements that have been developed. During the study it was noticed that the employees moved around a lot during setups. They had to retrieve missing tools and components, which lead to several rounds of walking. Shortcomings in the working routines were also noticed. Therefore, solutions to minimize the employees’ movement were developed. Result In the beginning of the study a time study was done for the machine T6. The time for the work procedures that were included inthe setup time was 80.5 minutes. By moving internal setup time to external setup time, using parallel operations and refining other processes the setup time could be reduce by approximate 50 % without any expensive investments.

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Warling, Peter, and Armend Mehmeti. "Utvärdering av sårbarheter hos moderna fordon." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36113.

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Fordon utvecklas till att innehålla mer avancerade komponenter och funktioner vilka bidrar till att dess framfart görs allt mer säker och effektiv. Baksidan av denna utveckling är att nya attackytor uppstår. Under tidigare arbeten har svagheter konstaterats i många av de olika trådlösa system som ett fordon använder. Då bilindustrin kontinuerligt utvecklas fokuserar detta arbete på att undersöka vilka trådlösa enheter som finns i moderna fordon, vilket av dessa system som utgör störst risk för att sedan föreslå teoretiska åtgärder för hur riskerna kan motverkas. Slutligen utförs ett praktiskt experiment för att utvärdera om en välkänd attack fortfarande är ett hot hos dagens fordon. Under arbetet konstateras det att i samtliga av de populäraste bilmodellerna som såldes i landet under förra året påträffas trådlösa system vilka alla under tidigare experiment visats innehålla tekniska svagheter. Arbetet fastställer genom en riskanalys att fjärrstyrda låssystem utgör den största risken men också att riskerna teoretiskt kan motverkas genom enkla metoder. Avslutningsvis konstateras det att även fordon av 2017 års modell är mottagliga för enklare attacker resulterande i att de ej kan låsas.

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Mikus, Pierre-Yves. "Etude des relations structure-propriétés de matériaux à base d'amidon : effet d'orientation et d'irradiation sous faisceau d'électrons." Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIMS038/document.

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Ce travail s'inscrit dans la démarche générale de compréhension et d'amélioration des propriétés mécaniques des matériaux thermoplastiques amylacés, en proposant une nouvelle démarche originale de modification structurale de l'amidon thermoplastique s’appuyant sur la combinaison de deux techniques: la réticulation de l'amidon sous faisceau d’électrons et l'orientation macromoléculaire issue du procédé de transformation par extrusion. La première partie du manuscrit est consacrée aux propriétés thermomécaniques de l’amidon plastifié et propose notamment une mise à jour de la courbe maitresse contrainte-allongement mettant en évidence le phénomène d’antiplastification mais aussi de surplastification grâce notamment à l’étude des propriétés à Tg équivalentes. L’évolution des températures de transition β (Tβ) des matériaux a pu être reliée aux différentes étapes de la plastification et des analyses ATG ont mises en évidence les phénomènes de sorption et désorption du plastifiant. Les mécanismes d’endommagement de l’amidon plastifié ont également été explorés à l’aide de la technologie de vidéotraction. Le second chapitre du document est consacré à l’étude de la réticulation de l’amidon thermoplastique à l’état solide sous faisceau d’électrons. De nombreux facteurs ont été étudiés comme la dose absorbée, la teneur en eau, la teneur en plastifiant, le type et la teneur en réactif introduit, ainsi que l’impact du taux de réticulation sur le mécanisme de rétrogradation. Le troisième et dernier chapitre traite du mécanisme d’orientation moléculaire particulier de l’amidon thermoplastique, et de son impact sur les propriétés mécaniques. Le couplage de l’orientation et de l’irradiation sous faisceau d’électrons a également été appréhendé
This work is part of the general approach aiming to understand and improving the mechanical properties of thermoplastics starch materials by proposing a new and original approach to the structural modification of thermoplastic starch through the combination of two techniques: radiation crosslinking and macromolecular orientation. The first part of the thesis focuses on the thermo-mechanical properties of plasticized starch and proposes an update to the master Stress-strain curve highlighting “antiplasticization” and “overplasticization” phenomena thanks to the study of properties at equivalent Tg. The evolution of materials β transition temperature (Tβ) could also be linked to the different plasticization stages and TGA results highlighted the sorption and desorption phenomenon of the plasticizer. The damage and fracture mechanisms of plasticized starch were also explored with videotraction technology. The second chapter of the document is devoted to the study of crosslinking of thermoplastic starch at solid state under an electron beam radiation. Many factors were explored like the absorbed dose, water content, plasticizer content, nature and amount of crosslinking agents introduced, and their impact on curing mechanisms and retrogradation of the plasticized starch. The third and final chapter deals with the specific mechanism of molecular orientation of the thermoplastic starch and its impact on mechanical properties. The coupling of orientation and irradiation under an electron beam was also investigated

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Shin-Yi and 陳欣宜. "Solubility improvement and percutaneous penetration enhancement of estradiol by TPGS." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92480451432687268062.

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"Cell Toxicology Study of RRR-alpha-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS)." East Tennessee State University, 2005. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0626105-190413/.

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Wen-Ting, Ke. "Studies on the Phase Diagrams of TPGS Based Microemulsion Systems and Their Pharmaceutical Applications." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0007-1704200714542065.

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Ke, Wen-Ting, and 柯文庭. "Studies on the Phase Diagrams of TPGS Based Microemulsion Systems and Their Pharmaceutical Applications." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07373221933565604649.

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博士
臺北醫學大學
藥學系
93
This dissertation is composed of two parts of studies; the title of part I is “Studies on the Phase Diagrams of D--Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS) Based Microemulsion Systems” and that of part II is “Physical Characterization of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Fenofibrate”. Attempts in part I of the dissertation were to develop microemulsion systems using medium chain triglyceride (MCT), Captex 300, deionized water (H2O), and TPGS as surfactant for the oral delivery of protein drugs or poorly water soluble drugs. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to elucidate the phase behavior of systems composed of medium-chain triglyceride and water with TPGS as main surfactant, polysorbates (Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80) as adjuvant surfactants, and polyethylene glycols (PEG 400 and PEG 600) and polyols (ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol and glycerin) as cosurfactants. The weight ratios of TPGS to Tweens, PEGs or polyols (Km) were set at 4/1, 2/1, 1/1, 1/2, and 1/4. The phase diagram for H2O/Captex 300/TPGS system reveals that when TPGS was used as a sole surfactant, it is not capable of producing isotropic solutions of water and Captex 300 over a wide range of the compositions. H2O/Captex 300/TPGS/Tweens systems with various Km, regardless of the adjuvant surfactant used were capable of producing an isotropic phase. The extension of microemulsion phase and the presence and extension of the gel phase were found to be dependent on the surfactant mixture. The phase diagrams of H2O/Captex 300/TPGS systems using polyols as cosurfactants demonstrate that the types of polyols have a slight effect on the region of existence of the microemulsions. Comparison between the isotropic regions for the polyols system reveals that as the relative concentration of polyols increase, the isotropic region decrease in size. This decrease is towards the surfactant mixture (Smix)-water axis indicating that as the relative concentration of polyols increases the maximum amount of oil solubilized decreases. The gel region decreased in size with the increase of polyols weight ratio. All polyols do not solubilized Captex 300 without using TPGS as surfactant. The part II of this dissertation is the application of the studies of part I. Attempts in part II of the dissertation were to develop and characterize the self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDSs) for poorly water soluble drugs. Fenofibrate (an effective agent for the treatment of various types of dyslipidemia) was selected as a model drug that was formulated in a Myritol 318 and nonionic surfactant mixtures of TPGS and polysorbates (Tween 20 or Tween 80), which exhibited self-microemulsifying characteristics under conditions of gentle agitation in an aqueous medium. Using TPGS/Tween 20 as the mixture of surfactant (Smix) at a Km value of 1/4 was found to yield the desired SMEDDSs for fenofibrate. In vitro dissolution studies illustrated that the release of fenofibrate from SMEDDSs was complete within 30 minutes either in 0.025 M SLS solution or water medium. But the release of fenofibrate from Tricor® tablets or micronized fenofibrate dispersion systems (MDSs) was limited in water medium. The present study also revealed that the self-microemulsified drug delivery system of poorly-water soluble drugs exemplified by fenofibrate increased their dissolution rate leading to enhance their bioavailability correspondingly.

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Ho, Meng-Chun, and 何孟漘. "Disposition of Vitamin E TPGS in Rats and Its Effect on CYP3A Drug Metabolism." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55904619031212145004.

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碩士
國立成功大學
臨床藥學研究所
92
Introduction. Vitamin E includes four tocopherols and four tocoptrienols, which are major lipid-soluble antioxidants in vivo. Vitamin E TPGS, D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, is a derivative of vitamin E. It has been introduced in pharmaceuticals as an absorption enhancer. Clinically, administration of Vitamin E TPGS is the treatment of choice in vitamin E deficiency. However, there are no reports on the pharmacokinetics and analysis of Vitamin E TPGS so far. Recent reports of CYP3A involvement in vitamin E metabolism has attracted more attention on the potential Vitamin E TPGS related excipient-drug interactions, as many drugs are metabolized by CYP3A. 　　Objectives. The aims of this study are to develop a simple, rapid, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to quantitate the concentration of Vitamin E TPGS and α-tocopherol in plasma; to investigate the pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E TPGS and α-tocopherol in rats; and to evaluate the induction effects of Vitamin E TPGS on hepatic CYP3A isozymes. 　　Results. A new validated HPLC method for the simultaneous analysis of Vitamin E TPGS and α-tocopherol in plasma was developed, and was applied successfully to pharmacokinetic studies. The disposition of Vitamin E TPGS and α-tocopherol in rats displayed dose-dependent characteristics. The oral bioavailability of Vitamin E TPGS in normal rats is about 0.59. Chronic administration of Vitamin E TPGS showed a trend of increasing amount of CYP3A in rats, however, without statistical significance; Furthermore, when cisapride was used to assess hepatic CYP3A activity in-vivo, the clearance of cisapride remained unchanged following 14 days administration of Vitamin E TPGS in rats. 　　Conclusion. Chronic administration of Vitamin E TPGS at therapeutical doses does not have significant induction effects on hepatic CYP3A enzymes.

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Mu, L., Mary Bee-Eng Chan-Park, Chee Yoon Yue, and S. S. Feng. "Pharmaceutical Properties of Nanoparticulate Formulation Composed of TPGS and PLGA for Controlled Delivery of Anticancer Drug." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/3916.

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A suitable management of the pharmaceutical property is needed and helpful to design a desired nanoparticulate delivery system, which includes the carrier nature, particle size and size distribution, morphology, surfactant stabiliser according to the technique applied, drug-loading ratio and encapsulation efficiency, surface property, etc. All will influence the in vitro release, in vivo behaviour and tissue distribution of administered particulate drug loaded nanoparticles. The main purpose of the present work was to determine the effect of drug loading ratio when employing TPGS as surfactant stabiliser and/or matrix material to improve the nanoparticulate formulation. The model drug employed was paclitaxel.
Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

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Sie, Cheng-Yan, and 謝承諺. "Behaviors of Ascorbic Acid Derivative/D-α-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS) Mixtures: Multitechnique Investigation." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64156997920748818550.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
化學工程與材料工程系碩士班
101
In this study, we found that compound A can form nanoparticles by a modified ethanol injection method for the first time, In order to improve the stability of compound A nanoparticles, D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was added into compound A nanoparticles. In addition, the effects of polyethylene glycol chain (PEG1000) on compound A dispertions were investigated by compared with mixed A/α-Tocopherol (VE) nanoparticles. Physicochemical characteristics of mixed A/TPGS and A/VE nanoparticles were investigated by multi-techniques including dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), fluorescence spectrometer and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to study the chemical stability of mixed A/TPGS dispersionss in different concentrations of dithiothreitol (DTT). Transdermal absorption studies of A/TPGS nanoparticles across the rat skin were investigated by using Franz diffusion cells. Furthermore, behavior of mixed A/TPGS and A/VE monolayers at the air/water interface were measured at 24 ℃ by Langmuir trough system combined with fluorescence microscopy. Adding TPGS into compound A nanoparticles decreased average particle size among the A/TPGS systems, and mixed A/TPGS 6:4 dispersions showed the smallest average particle size. Mixed A/TPGS (9.9:0.1, mol ratio) dispersionss exhibited better storage stability than pure compound A dispersions. Main phase transition temperature of A dispersionss was found at 59.4 ℃. The phase transition temperature remained constant, and the enthalpy of the observable gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition decreased with increasing XTPGS or XVE, and the phase change enthalpy was eliminated at XTPGS = 0.5 or XVE = 0.1. By Comparing results of mixed A/TPGS with A/VE systems at the same molar ratio, PEG-chains was found to enhance the intermolecular interactions. At room temperature (compound A is under gel state), the incorporation of TPGS or VE into compound A membrane reduced the mobility in hydrocarbon chain region, and the presence of TPGS generally increased the molecular mobility of the interfacial region of the membrane. This indicated that PEG-chain may soften compound A membrane structure. The most chemical stability was found as the mixed A/TPGS (9:1) dispersions in 0.01M concentration of DTT. Adding TPGS can improve compound A dispersions permeability, and mixed A/TPGS (9/1) dispersions exhibited better transdermal efficacy absorption than pure compound A dispersionss. Monolayer results showed that mixed A/TPGS monolayers were more expanded than mixed A/VE monolayers, possibly resulting from PEG-chains steric barrier. Excess area results showed that the mixed A/TPGS monolayers were negative deviation and mixed A/VE monolayers were positive deviation at low surface pressure, implying PEG-chain makes intermolecular arrangement tighter. In addition, the mixed A/TPGS and A/VE monolayers were positive deviation at high surface pressure, which maybe caused by steric repulsive of neighboring PEG-chains. Excess Gibbs free energy and the free Gibbs energy results showed that mixed A/TPGS monolayer molecules were more miscible and thermodynamic stable than mixed A/VE monolayer. Fluorescence imaging results showed that compound A molecules aggregated into dendritic domain, indicating that the impact of line tension was less than the dipole repulsion. At constant surface pressure, adding TPGS into compound A domain make compound A Domain become smaller and uniformly distributed, indicating TPGS will make intermolecular more expaned. On the other hand, adding VE, part of the domain become large, and turn into circular shape by the dendrimers. This indicates that steric repulsion of PEG-chain will make intermolecular no cohesive interaction in mixed monolayers.

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CHU, KUAN-WEI, and 朱冠瑋. "Interactions of D-α-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS) with Phospholipids in Bilayer and Monolayer domains." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wkxrjk.

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