Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tracheal replacement

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Tracheal replacement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tracheal replacement"

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Grillo, Hermes C. "Tracheal replacement." Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 125, no. 4 (April 2003): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mtc.2003.260.

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Etienne, Harry, Dominique Fabre, Abel Gomez Caro, Frederic Kolb, Sacha Mussot, Olaf Mercier, Delphine Mitilian, Francois Stephan, Elie Fadel, and Philippe Dartevelle. "Tracheal replacement." European Respiratory Journal 51, no. 2 (February 2018): 1702211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02211-2017.

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Tracheal reconstruction is one of the greatest challenges in thoracic surgery when direct end-to-end anastomosis is impossible or after this procedure has failed. The main indications for tracheal reconstruction include malignant tumours (squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma), tracheoesophageal fistula, trauma, unsuccessful surgical results for benign diseases and congenital stenosis. Tracheal substitutes can be classified into five types: 1) synthetic prosthesis; 2) allografts; 3) tracheal transplantation; 4) tissue engineering; and 5) autologous tissue composite. The ideal tracheal substitute is still unclear, but some techniques have shown promising clinical results. This article reviews the advantages and limitations of each technique used over the past few decades in clinical practice. The main limitation seems to be the capacity for tracheal tissue regeneration. The physiopathology behind this has yet to be fully understood. Research on stem cells sparked much interest and was thought to be a revolutionary technique; however, the poor long-term results of this approach highlight that there is a long way to go in this research field. Currently, an autologous tissue composite, with or without a tracheal allograft, is the only long-term working solution for every aetiology, despite its technical complexity and setbacks.
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Grillo, Hermes C. "Tracheal replacement." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 49, no. 6 (June 1990): 864–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(90)90857-3.

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Dharmadhikari, Sayali, Cameron A. Best, Nakesha King, Michaela Henderson, Jed Johnson, Christopher K. Breuer, and Tendy Chiang. "Mouse Model of Tracheal Replacement With Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 128, no. 5 (January 30, 2019): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489419826134.

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Objectives: The clinical experience with tissue-engineered tracheal grafts (TETGs) has been fraught with graft stenosis and delayed epithelialization. A mouse model of orthotopic replacement that recapitulates the clinical findings would facilitate the study of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying graft stenosis. Methods: Electrospun nanofiber tracheal scaffolds were created using nonresorbable (polyethylene terephthalate + polyurethane) and co-electrospun resorbable (polylactide-co-caprolactone/polyglycolic acid) polymers (n = 10/group). Biomechanical testing was performed to compare load displacement of nanofiber scaffolds to native mouse tracheas. Mice underwent orthotopic tracheal replacement with syngeneic grafts (n = 5) and nonresorbable (n = 10) and resorbable (n = 10) scaffolds. Tissue at the anastomosis was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), K5+ basal cells were evaluated with the help of immunofluorescence testing, and cellular infiltration of the scaffold was quantified. Micro computed tomography was performed to assess graft patency and correlate radiographic and histologic findings with respiratory symptoms. Results: Synthetic scaffolds were supraphysiologic in compression tests compared to native mouse trachea ( P < .0001). Nonresorbable scaffolds were stiffer than resorbable scaffolds ( P = .0004). Eighty percent of syngeneic recipients survived to the study endpoint of 60 days postoperatively. Mean survival with nonresorbable scaffolds was 11.40 ± 7.31 days and 6.70 ± 3.95 days with resorbable scaffolds ( P = .095). Stenosis manifested with tissue overgrowth in nonresorbable scaffolds and malacia in resorbable scaffolds. Quantification of scaffold cellular infiltration correlated with length of survival in resorbable scaffolds (R2 = 0.95, P = .0051). Micro computed tomography demonstrated the development of graft stenosis at the distal anastomosis on day 5 and progressed until euthanasia was performed on day 11. Conclusion: Graft stenosis seen in orthotopic tracheal replacement with synthetic tracheal scaffolds can be modeled in mice. The wide array of lineage tracing and transgenic mouse models available will permit future investigation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying TETG stenosis.
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Haag, Johannes C., Philipp Jungebluth, and Paolo Macchiarini. "Tracheal replacement for primary tracheal cancer." Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery 21, no. 2 (April 2013): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/moo.0b013e32835e212b.

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Mercier, Olaf, Frédéric Kolb, and Philippe G. Dartevelle. "Autologous Tracheal Replacement." Thoracic Surgery Clinics 28, no. 3 (August 2018): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.thorsurg.2018.05.007.

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Damiano, Giuseppe, Vincenzo Davide Palumbo, Salvatore Fazzotta, Francesco Curione, Giulia Lo Monte, Valerio Maria Bartolo Brucato, and Attilio Ignazio Lo Monte. "Current Strategies for Tracheal Replacement: A Review." Life 11, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070618.

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Airway cancers have been increasing in recent years. Tracheal resection is commonly performed during surgery and is burdened from post-operative complications severely affecting quality of life. Tracheal resection is usually carried out in primary tracheal tumors or other neoplasms of the neck region. Regenerative medicine for tracheal replacement using bio-prosthesis is under current research. In recent years, attempts were made to replace and transplant human cadaver trachea. An effective vascular supply is fundamental for a successful tracheal transplantation. The use of biological scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues has the advantage of a three-dimensional structure based on the native extracellular matrix promoting the perfusion, vascularization, and differentiation of the seeded cell typologies. By appropriately modulating some experimental parameters, it is possible to change the characteristics of the surface. The obtained membranes could theoretically be affixed to a decellularized tissue, but, in practice, it needs to ensure adhesion to the biological substrate and/or glue adhesion with biocompatible glues. It is also known that many of the biocompatible glues can be toxic or poorly tolerated and induce inflammatory phenomena or rejection. In tissue and organ transplants, decellularized tissues must not produce adverse immunological reactions and lead to rejection phenomena; at the same time, the transplant tissue must retain the mechanical properties of the original tissue. This review describes the attempts so far developed and the current lines of research in the field of tracheal replacement.
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Liu, Lumei, Sayali Dharmadhikari, Kimberly M. Shontz, Zheng Hong Tan, Barak M. Spector, Brooke Stephens, Maxwell Bergman, et al. "Regeneration of partially decellularized tracheal scaffolds in a mouse model of orthotopic tracheal replacement." Journal of Tissue Engineering 12 (January 2021): 204173142110174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20417314211017417.

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Decellularized tracheal scaffolds offer a potential solution for the repair of long-segment tracheal defects. However, complete decellularization of trachea is complicated by tracheal collapse. We created a partially decellularized tracheal scaffold (DTS) and characterized regeneration in a mouse model of tracheal transplantation. All cell populations except chondrocytes were eliminated from DTS. DTS maintained graft integrity as well as its predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We then assessed the performance of DTS in vivo. Grafts formed a functional epithelium by study endpoint (28 days). While initial chondrocyte viability was low, this was found to improve in vivo. We then used atomic force microscopy to quantify micromechanical properties of DTS, demonstrating that orthotopic implantation and graft regeneration lead to the restoration of native tracheal rigidity. We conclude that DTS preserves the cartilage ECM, supports neo-epithelialization, endothelialization and chondrocyte viability, and can serve as a potential solution for long-segment tracheal defects.
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Fica, Mauricio, Patricio Rodríguez, Rafael Prats, and María MananaMañana. "Tracheal hamartoma: pericardial flap replacement of membranous tracheal wall." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 21, no. 2 (February 2002): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1010-7940(01)01069-7.

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Tojo, Takashi, Kazuo Niwaya, Noriyoshi Sawabata, Keiji Kushibe, Kunimoto Nezu, Sigeki Taniguchi, and Soichiro Kitamura. "Tracheal replacement with cryopreserved tracheal allograft: experiment in dogs." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 66, no. 1 (July 1998): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(98)00270-7.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tracheal replacement"

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Crowley, C. "Design and development of an artificial tracheal replacement with clinical application." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1485755/.

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People suffering from long-segmental tracheal stenosis and malacia currently have few options clinically available to them. An attractive solution would be to remove the damaged area of the trachea and replace it will a tracheal replacement. However, despite many years of research worldwide, a gold standard replacement is yet to become clinically available. An ideal replacement must avoid luminal collapse yet be flexible. It must be porous, yet also airtight. It must facilitate growth of an airway epithelium and be biocompatible to avoid implant rejection and not require immunosuppressive therapy. This PhD describes the design and development of a synthetic tracheal replacement that aims to satisfy most of these requirements. The tracheal replacement described is manufactured using a nanocomposite material: POSS-PCU. The polymer itself is characterised to assess its suitability and to determine the appropriate fabrication methods for this application. Using two chosen fabrications, the construct is designed to mimic the native airway and characterised with comparisons to native human tissue. The thesis includes a chapter on modifying the surface of the POSS-PCU material via porogen application. The technique substantially increased surface porosity and in vivo studies showed enhanced graft integration. Additionally, a novel application for bioluminescence imaging in tissue engineering is described. With this technique cells can be non-invasively tracked in real-time from tissue culture plates; to the inner lumen of a tubular scaffold in a closed bioreactor system, with potential for in vivo cell tracking. The characterisation and ‘proof-ofconcept’ in vivo study performed, highlight this technique as a valuable tool for cell tracking in tissue engineering applications. In June 2011, the POSS-PCU airway described in this thesis was implanted clinically as a compassionate case. Here, graft manufacture is described as well as a retrospective look at the case with insight into what we might learn from this experience.
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Endres, Michaela. "Entwicklung eines bioartifiziellen Trachealersatzes." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15359.

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Verschiedene Ursachen erfordern rekonstruktive Maßnahmen an der Trachea zur Erhaltung eines suffizienten Luftweges. Häufig treten im Rahmen dieser Eingriffe Infektionen und Schädigungen auf, die die Bildung von Granulationsgewebe nach sich ziehen und zu Stenosen führen können. Der Einsatz von epithelialisierten autogenen oder auch allogenen Transplantaten, die mit der Methode des Tissue Engineering hergestellt werden, bietet einen neuen Lösungsansatz, um Stenosen zu vermeiden. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Isolierung, Kultivierung und Charakterisierung von humanem respiratorischen Epithelzellen (hREC), sowie deren Einsatz in Co-Kulturen mit humanen Chondrozyten als einen ersten Schritt zur Transplantatherstellung. Die hREC wurden sowohl in nativem Gewebe als auch in Monolayerkultur und in verschiedenen Differenzierungkulturen histologisch und immunhistochemisch analysiert. Zusätzlich wurde die Ziliogenense mit der Elektronenmikroskop untersucht. Eine weitere Charakterisierung erfolgte durch die Genexpressionsanalyse einiger Cytokeratine auf RNA-Ebene mit der semiquantitativen real-time RT-PCR. Mittels Durchflusszytometrie konnten Basalzellen, die auch als Vorläuferzellen des humanen respiratorischen Epithels gelten, mit den Antikörpern CD49f und CD104 detektiert und analysiert und unter Verwendung der fluoreszenzaktivierten Zellsortierung (FACS) separiert werden. Es zeigte sich, dass die hREC in den Proliferationskulturen dedifferenzierten und durch spezielle Basalzellmarker angefärbt wurden. Die Differenzierungskulturen und ALI-Kulturen gaben erste Hinweise auf die Differenzierung der Zellen. In den Co-Kulturen konnte unter dem Einfluß eines Air-Liquid-Inteface ebenfalls eine Re-differenzierung der Zellen beobachtet werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es möglich ist, eine Epithelialisierung von kollagenbeschichteten Biomaterialien oder auch autologem Knorpel zu erreichen, um diese Konstrukte für das Trachea Tissue Engineering einzusetzen.
The replacement of extensive tracheal defects resulting from intensive care medicine, trauma, or large resections is still challenged by the re-epithelialization of an autologous or alloplastic trachea replacement. Therefore, this thesis was performed to investigate the potential of culture expanded human respiratory epithelial cells (hREC) to regenerate a functional epithelium for trachea tissue engineering.hREC from nasal turbinates were freshly isolated, expanded and subsequently cultured in high-density multilayers to allow epithelial differentiation. Composition of epithelial cells in native respiratory epithelial tissue and culture expanded hREC were analyzed by histological staining and by immunohistochemical staining with the specific antibodies. Differentiation of culture expanded hREC was further characterized by gene expression analysis of a cytokeratin pattern using semi-quantitative real-time RT-PCR technique. Furthermore, basal cells known as progenitors of the respiratory epithelium were seperated by Fluorescense Activated Cell Sorting with the basal cell specific antibodies CD49f and CD104. Co-cultures of hREC and human chondrocytes (hCHO) or human cartilage respectively were compared to Air-Liquid-Interface cultures containing hREC and hCHO.Histological and immunohistochemical staining and Scanning Electron Microscopy pictures of hREC in differentiation cultures demonstrated basal cells covering the collagenous matrix. These cells formed a cellular multilayer, which is composed of a basal layer of undifferentiated basal cells and an upper layer of cells differentiating along the squamous metaplasia and ciliated cell lineage. Lineage development of cultured hREC was further documented by the induction of specific cytokeratins. Our results suggest that culture expanded hREC have the potential to colonize collagen coated biomaterials as well as autologous cartilage grafts and to regenerate epithelial cell types for trachea tissue engineering.
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Fabre, Dominique. "Reconstruction trachéale autologue." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA114835.

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La reconstruction trachéale autologue a pu être standardisée et optimisée grâce au développement d’untravail de recherche expérimentale. Ce travail a permis d’améliorer la technique chirurgicale et les résultatscliniques. C’est une solution thérapeutique qui permet de remplacer de façon reproductible plus de 50 % delongueur de trachée. Toutes les autres techniques de remplacement trachéal développées par denombreuses équipes, ainsi que leurs résultats expérimentaux et cliniques, ont été étudiés et classés enfonction du substitut utilisé.Après de nombreuses publications du Laboratoire de Recherche du Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelonguesur ce sujet, nous nous sommes orientés vers l’utilisation des tissus autologues (lambeau libre et cartilagescostaux) en collaboration avec les chirurgiens plasticiens. Cela a permis grâce aux avancées techniques etnotamment de microchirurgie de réaliser un nouveau conduit trachéal. Ce substitut ne contient aucunmatériel prothétique et il peut donc résister aux infections. Malgré l’absence de renfort prothétique, il résisteaux pressions et surtout à la dépression respiratoire.Le développement de cette technique chirurgicale a été obtenu grace à ces travaux de recherche qui ontpermis d’optimiser la procédure, de l'améliorer et de la répéter.Le premier travail expérimental a été la création d'un modèle animal de remplacement trachéal autologuepar un lambeau pédiculé armé. Nous avons ainsi confirmé la résistance mécanique et la viabilité descartilages, ainsi que la durabilité de ce type de reconstruction.Les travaux suivants ont été réalisés en collaboration avec des équipes spécialisées en Ingénierie tissulaire.Le premier travail expérimental d’Ingénierie tissulaire a consisté en la réalisation d’anneaux de cartilage àpartir de cellules souches. L'objectif était d'obtenir des anneaux cartilagineux préformés, que l'on pourraitinsérer dans l'épaisseur du lambeau.Le deuxième travail a été de développer une technique permettant de transformer le revêtement cutané dulambeau en une muqueuse respiratoire. Quatre techniques d'ingénierie tissulaire ont été utilisées et testées :la greffe de péritoine, la greffe de muqueuse buccale expansée, l’ensemencement de cellules de lamuqueuse trachéale et la greffe de cellules épithéliales respiratoire de culture.Malgré les avancées technologiques, la culture de cellules cartilagineuses en trois dimensions sur desmoules en Silicone ne s’est pas avérée satisfaisante.Les différents procédés de remplacement du revêtement cutané ont confirmé la nécessité de réaliser desétapes supplémentaires au préalable de l'intervention chirurgicale. Parmi les techniques de remplacementde l'épithélium, la greffe de muqueuse buccale expansée et la greffe d’épithélium respiratoire de culture ontété les plus fiables.La reconstruction autologue est à ce jour la meilleure alternative pour le remplacement trachéal étendu enutilisant des tissus autologues. La poursuite d’une approche expérimentale est fondamentale pourl’amélioration de nos résultats. Ainsi, ces travaux vont être poursuivis par un travail expérimental sur leremplacement des anneaux de cartilages par des anneaux de Titane poreux sur un modèle animal
Autologous tracheal reconstruction has been standardized and optimized in parallel with the development of experimental research and clinical practice. This is a therapeutic solution that replaces reproducibly more than 50% of tracheallength. All the other tracheal replacement techniques, developed by many teams and their experimental and clinical results, were studied and classified according to the substitute used.After an experimental study at the Laboratory of Surgical Research in the Marie Lannelongue, center, we started to work towards the use of autologous tissue (free flaps and costal cartilages). Thoses tissues were shaped using technical advances including microsurgery to create a new tracheal conduit.This tracheal substitute does not contain any prosthetic material. It may therefore resist to infection and it resists to respiratory pressures and especially respiratory depression.The development of this technique was conducted in parallel with research studies, that improved and optimized the surgical process and the results.The first experimental work was the creation of an animal model tracheal replacement using an armed autologous pedicle flap. We confirmed the strength and viability of the cartilage strip inserted between the dermal layers and the sustainability of this type of reconstruction.The following work was carried out in collaboration with two other teams specialized in Tissue Engineering.The first experimental work of tissue engineering tried to produce cartilage rings from stem cells. The objective was to obtain complete cartilaginous rings that could be inserted into the thickness of the flap.The next objective was to develop a technique to transform the superficial layer of the skin in a respiratory epithelium. Four tissue engineering techniques were used and tested: peritoneum of the graft, oral mucosa transplant, seeding cells from the tracheal mucosa and graft culture respiratory epithelial cells.Despite advances in technology, the culture of cartilage cells in three dimensions on Silicone mold were not viable and could not be used in clinical practice.The various alternative processes of skin covering highlighted the need for additional steps in advance of surgery.Among the techniques used to replace the epithelium with an expanded graft buccal mucosa, transplantation of culture respiratory epithelium is the most reliable.Autologous reconstruction is so far the best alternative for extended tracheal replacement using only autologous tissue. The pursuit of an experimental approach is fundamental to improve our results.Thus, this work will be pursued by an experimental work on the replacement of cartilage rings using porous titanium ring on an animal model
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Book chapters on the topic "Tracheal replacement"

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Hümmer, B., I. Purnama, and H. L. Hahn. "Effect of Bovine Surfactant on Mucus Secretion from Tracheal Submucosal Glands." In Surfactant Replacement Therapy, 319–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73305-5_37.

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Kaye, Rachel, Glenn E. Green, and Lee P. Smith. "Tracheal Replacement." In Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.65548-4.

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Raja, Tehmeena Israr, Masoud Mozafari, Peiman Brouki Milan, Ali Samadikuchaksaraei, and Farshid Sefat. "Nanoengineered biomaterials for tracheal replacement." In Nanoengineered Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine, 285–303. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813355-2.00012-0.

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Perry, Steven F., Markus Lambertz, and Anke Schmitz. "The evolution of air-breathing respiratory faculties in invertebrates." In Respiratory Biology of Animals, 113–24. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199238460.003.0010.

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This chapter aims at piecing together the evolution of air breathing in invertebrates, the main conclusion here being that it evolved independently several times. In molluscs alone, air breathing has evolved several times, but almost exclusively among snails. Among crustaceans, several groups of crabs have also independently developed terrestrial representatives and transitional stages, particularly in the control of breathing, are evident. Analysis of insects shows few recognizable evolutionary progressions: air sacs and different stigmatal closure mechanisms have appeared and disappeared numerous times, even within closely related groups. But other tracheate groups such as myriapods show an interesting correlation between the presence of tracheal lungs, which end in an open circulatory system, and tracheae that invade the tissue as in insects, and the presence or reduction of respiratory proteins. In arachnids a similar tendency is seen, and the most interesting developments were the (partial) replacement of a ‘perfectly good’ air-breathing organ (book lungs) by another one (tracheae).
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Kojima, Koji, and Charles A. Vacanti. "Cylindrical Cartilage Transplantation for Tracheal Replacement." In Cellular Transplantation, 275–88. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012369415-7/50016-8.

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Shimizu, Yasuhiko, and Tatsuo Nakamura. "Tracheal, Laryngeal, and Esophageal Replacement Devices." In Electrical Engineering Handbook. CRC Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420049510.ch136.

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Shimizu, Yasuhiko, and Tatsuo Nakamura. "Tracheal, Laryngeal, and Esophageal Replacement Devices." In Electrical Engineering Handbook, 73–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420003871.ch73.

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"Tracheal, Laryngeal, and Esophageal Replacement Devices." In Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs, 1211–24. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420003871-77.

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Coyle, Paula, Elizabeth F. Maughan, Richard J. Hewitt, and Colin R. Butler. "Tracheal Replacement and Tissue Engineered Airways." In Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine, 779–87. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102723-3.00241-9.

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Woodson, Lee C. "Anaesthesia: intraoperative management of patients with acute burn injury." In Burns (OSH Surgery), 125–30. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199699537.003.0015.

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Choice of anaesthetic technique for major burn surgery is determined by the patient’s anatomical and physiologic status and the surgical plan. Burns involving the face and neck can make tracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy difficult or impossible and require an alternative technique. Cutaneous burns may impair application of monitors such as pulse oximetry and ECG. Vascular access and available blood products should be adequate to resuscitate from massive hemorrhage and treat coagulopathy. Difficult peripheral venous access may require central venous cannulation and arterial cannulation may be required for hemodynamic monitoring. An important goal for intraoperative fluid management is to minimize the amount of crystalloid administered. Fluid replacement of shed blood is complex and requires attention to multiple physiological variables. Burn patients are intolerant of hypothermia and vigorous means are necessary to maintain core temperature. Pain associated with burn surgery is intense and a multimodal plan for its control should be initiated intraoperatively.
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Conference papers on the topic "Tracheal replacement"

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Ott, Lindsey, Cindy Vu, Ashley Farris, Robert Weatherly, and Michael Detamore. "Material Composition Gradients and Protein Release for Tracheal Defect Repair." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14391.

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Windpipe defects result in decreased quality of life for the patient, making breathing, speaking, and swallowing difficult. Disorders of the trachea requiring intervention methods not adequately treated by slide tracheoplasty or cartilage augmentation necessitate the use of prosthetic material to expand the trachea. Furthermore, some donor site morbidity occurs with augmentation techniques and size or shape mismatches are not uncommon. Tissue engineering has the potential to create effective replacement trachea-like tissue for procedures like laryngotracheal reconstruction and may circumvent these problems.
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Ravindra, A. K., W. D'Angelo, L. Zhang, S. Johnson, J. Reing, and S. Badylak. "Promotion of a Functional Respiratory Epithelium with the Use of a Novel Heterotopic Approach for Tracheal Replacement with an Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffold." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a5680.

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Muradoglu, Metin, and Ufuk Olgac. "Computational Modeling of Surfactant-Laden Liquid Plug Propagation in Capillary Tubes." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73039.

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Pulmonary surfactant is of essential importance in reducing the surface tension on the liquid film that coats the inner surface of the airways and thus making the lung more compliant. Surfactant-deficiency may result in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which is especially common in prematurely born neonates. Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) is a standard treatment, in which a liquid plug with exogenous surfactant is instilled in the trachea, which subsequently propagates by inspiration and spreads the exogenous surfactant to the airways. The efficacy of the treatment depends on various parameters such as the size of the liquid plug, inspiration frequency and the physical properties of the exogenous surfactant. Unsteady simulations are performed to study surfactant-laden liquid plug propagation using finite difference/front-tracking method in order to shed light on the surfactant replacement therapy.
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