Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tracheophytes / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Tracheophytes.

Journal articles on the topic 'Tracheophytes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Tracheophytes.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Raven, John A. "Physiology and biochemistry of pteridophytes." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007922.

Full text

Abstract:

SynopsisThe biochemical characteristics of pteridophytes firmly ally them with other Tracheophyta, with Bryophyta and with the class Charophyceae of the algal division Chlorophyta. Pteridophyte sporophytes, like the sporophytes of other terrestrial Tracheophyta, generally have the attributes of homoiohydric plants. All gametophytes are poikilohydric. Many gametophytes, and some sporophytes, are desiccation tolerant.Quantitative comparisons between pteridophyte sporophytes and the sporophytes of other tracheophytes show that there are probably no systematic differences between the efficiency of important processes: examples are the quantum yield of photosynthesis, and the water use efficiency of organic matter accumulation, in the (mainly) C3 pteridophytes relative to other C3 tracheophytes. By contrast, the potential rales of physiological processes, as indicated by the conductance of photosynthetic (C3) carbon assimilation, and of water movement in the xylem, are generally towards the low end of the range for terrestrial tracheophytes. These low conductances restrict the maximum specific growth rate of pteridophyte sporophytes to rates lower than those found in annual angiosperms. Constraints imposed by the pteridophyte life cycle may have limited the capacity of pteridophytes to function in nature as annuals, and thus have reduced the selection pressure for high conductances (e.g. by a more widespread occurrence of vesseles in xylem of pteridophytes).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

EDWARDS, D. "Xylem in early tracheophytes." Plant, Cell & Environment 26, no. 1 (January 2003): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.00878.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Morris, Jennifer L., Mark N. Puttick, James W. Clark, Dianne Edwards, Paul Kenrick, Silvia Pressel, Charles H. Wellman, Ziheng Yang, Harald Schneider, and Philip C. J. Donoghue. "The timescale of early land plant evolution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 10 (February 20, 2018): E2274—E2283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719588115.

Full text

Abstract:

Establishing the timescale of early land plant evolution is essential for testing hypotheses on the coevolution of land plants and Earth’s System. The sparseness of early land plant megafossils and stratigraphic controls on their distribution make the fossil record an unreliable guide, leaving only the molecular clock. However, the application of molecular clock methodology is challenged by the current impasse in attempts to resolve the evolutionary relationships among the living bryophytes and tracheophytes. Here, we establish a timescale for early land plant evolution that integrates over topological uncertainty by exploring the impact of competing hypotheses on bryophyte−tracheophyte relationships, among other variables, on divergence time estimation. We codify 37 fossil calibrations for Viridiplantae following best practice. We apply these calibrations in a Bayesian relaxed molecular clock analysis of a phylogenomic dataset encompassing the diversity of Embryophyta and their relatives within Viridiplantae. Topology and dataset sizes have little impact on age estimates, with greater differences among alternative clock models and calibration strategies. For all analyses, a Cambrian origin of Embryophyta is recovered with highest probability. The estimated ages for crown tracheophytes range from Late Ordovician to late Silurian. This timescale implies an early establishment of terrestrial ecosystems by land plants that is in close accord with recent estimates for the origin of terrestrial animal lineages. Biogeochemical models that are constrained by the fossil record of early land plants, or attempt to explain their impact, must consider the implications of a much earlier, middle Cambrian–Early Ordovician, origin.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Heckman, Charles W., and Bernd Deventer. "Phylogenetic variability in the pigment complement of aquatic tracheophytes." Limnologica 30, no. 2 (May 2000): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0075-9511(00)80006-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Mishler, Brent D. "The biology of bryophytes-bryophytes aren't just small tracheophytes." American Journal of Botany 88, no. 11 (November 2001): 2129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3558438.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

ROUHAN, GERMINAL, VINCENT BOULLET, ASHLEY FIELD, and ERIC SCHUETTPELZ. "Three new combinations and one lectotypification of fern and lycophyte taxa from the French overseas territories." Phytotaxa 497, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.497.1.6.

Full text

Abstract:

With the exception of French Guiana and Adélie Land, the French Overseas Territories (FOTs) are islands and their biodiversity is remarkable in many ways. Notably, they harbour numerous unique taxa leading to exceptionally high rates of endemism. Among French endemic plants, 95% occur in the FOTs, accounting for ca. 4000 species of tracheophytes and ‘bryophytes’ (Gargominy et al. 2020).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Kim, Sangtae. "Test of DNA Preservation with FTA Card in Various Tracheophytes." Korean Journal of Nature Conservation 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11624/kjnc.2016.10.2.089.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

MERCED, AMELIA, and KAREN S. RENZAGLIA. "Structure, function and evolution of stomata from a bryological perspective." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 39, no. 1 (July 24, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.39.1.4.

Full text

Abstract:

Stomata are key innovations for the diversification of land plants. They consist of two differentiated epidermal cells or guard cells and a pore between that leads to an internal cavity. Mosses and hornworts are the earliest among extant land plants to have stomata, but unlike those in all other plants, bryophyte stomata are located exclusively on the sporangium of the sporophyte. Liverworts are the only group of plants that are entirely devoid of stomata. Stomata on leaves and stems of tracheophytes are involved in gas exchange and water transport. The function of stomata in bryophytes is highly debated and differs from that in tracheophytes in that they have been implicated in drying and dehiscence of the sporangium. Over the past decade, anatomical, physiological, developmental, and molecular studies have provided new insights on the function of stomata in bryophytes. In this review, we synthesize the contributions of these studies and provide new data on bryophyte stomata. We evaluate the potential role of stomata in moss and hornwort life histories and we identify areas that will provide valuable data in ascertaining the evolutionary history and function of stomata across land plants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Schneider, Harald, Alan R. Smith, and Kathleen M. Pryer. "Is Morphology Really at Odds with Molecules in Estimating Fern Phylogeny?" Systematic Botany 34, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 455–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364409789271209.

Full text

Abstract:

Using a morphological dataset of 136 vegetative and reproductive characters, we infer the tracheophyte phylogeny with an emphasis on early divergences of ferns (monilophytes). The dataset comprises morphological, anatomical, biochemical, and some DNA structural characters for a taxon sample of 35 species, including representatives of all major lineages of vascular plants, especially ferns. Phylogenetic relationships among vascular plants are reconstructed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. Both approaches yield similar relationships and provide evidence for three major lineages of extant vascular plants: lycophytes, ferns, and seed plants. Lycophytes are sister to the euphyllophyte clade, which comprises the fern and seed plant lineages. The fern lineage consists of five clades: horsetails, whisk ferns, ophioglossoids, marattioids, and leptosporangiate ferns. This lineage is supported by characters of the spore wall and has a parsimony bootstrap value of 76%, although the Bayesian posterior probability is only 0.53. Each of the five fern clades is well supported, but the relationships among them lack statistical support. Our independent phylogenetic analyses of morphological evidence recover the same deep phylogenetic relationships among tracheophytes as found in previous studies utilizing DNA sequence data, but differ in some ways within seed plants and within ferns. We discuss the extensive independent evolution of the five extant fern clades and the evidence for the placement of whisk ferns and horsetails in our morphological analyses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Kubásek, Jiří, Tomáš Hájek, and Janice M. Glime. "Bryophyte photosynthesis in sunflecks: greater relative induction rate than in tracheophytes." Journal of Bryology 36, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743282014y.0000000096.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Sousa, Aretuza, Julia Bechteler, Eva M. Temsch, and Susanne S. Renner. "Different from tracheophytes, liverworts commonly have mixed 35S and 5S arrays." Annals of Botany 125, no. 7 (February 17, 2020): 1057–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa027.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background and Aims Unlike other nuclear genes in eukaryotes, rDNA genes (5S and 35S loci) are present in numerous copies per cell and, when stained, can therefore provide basic information about genome organization. In tracheophytes (vascular plants), they are usually located on separate chromosomes, the so-called S-type organization. An analysis of 1791 species of land plants suggested that S-type arrays might be ancestral in land plants, while linked (L-type) organization may be derived. However, no outgroup and only a handful of ferns and bryophytes were included. Methods We analysed genome sizes and the distribution of telomere, 5S and 35S rDNA FISH signals in up to 12 monoicous or dioicous species of liverworts from throughout a phylogeny that includes 287 of the 386 currently recognized genera. We also used the phylogeny to plot chromosome numbers and the occurrence of visibly distinct sex chromosomes. Key Results Chromosome numbers are newly reported for the monoicous Lejeunea cavifolia and for females of the dioicous Scapania aequiloba. We detected sex-related differences in the number of rDNA signals in the dioicous Plagiochila asplenioides and Frullania dilatata. In the latter, the presence of two UU chromosomes in females and additional 5S-35S rDNA loci result in a haploid genome 0.2082 pg larger than the male genome; sex-specific genome differences in the other dioicous species were small. Four species have S-type rDNA, while five species have mixed L-S rDNA organization, and transitions may have occurred multiple times, as suggested by rDNA loci not being conserved among closely related species of Pellia. All species shared an Arabidopsis-like telomere motif, and its detection allowed verification of the chromosome number of Radula complanata and chromosome rearrangements in Aneura pinguis and P. asplenioides, the latter also showing sex-specific interstitial telomere repeats. Conclusions The S and L rDNA arrangements appear to have evolved repeatedly within liverworts, even in the same species. Evidence for differential accumulation of rDNA between the sexes so far is limited.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Raven, John A. "Evolution and palaeophysiology of the vascular system and other means of long-distance transport." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1739 (December 18, 2017): 20160497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0497.

Full text

Abstract:

Photolithotrophic growth on land using atmospheric CO 2 inevitably involves H 2 O vapour loss. Embryophytes greater than or equal to 100 mm tall are homoiohydric and endohydric with mass flow of aqueous solution through the xylem in tracheophytes. Structural details in Rhynie sporophytes enable modelling of the hydraulics of H 2 O supply to the transpiring surface, and the potential for gas exchange with the Devonian atmosphere. Xylem carrying H 2 O under tension involves programmed cell death, rigid cell walls and embolism repair; fossils provide little evidence on these functions other than the presence of lignin. The phenylalanine ammonia lyase essential for lignin synthesis came from horizontal gene transfer. Rhynie plants lack endodermes, limiting regulation of the supply of soil nutrients to shoots. The transfer of organic solutes from photosynthetic sites to growing and storage tissues involves mass flow through phloem in extant tracheophytes. Rhynie plants show little evidence of phloem; possible alternatives for transport of organic solutes are discussed. Extant examples of the arbuscular mycorrhizas found in Rhynie plants exchange soil-derived nutrients (especially P) for plant-derived organic matter, involving bidirectional mass flow along the hyphae. The aquatic cyanobacteria and the charalean Palaeonitella at Rhynie also have long-distance (relative to the size of the organism) transport. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The Rhynie cherts: our earliest terrestrial ecosystem revisited’.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Gerrienne, Philippe, and Maurice Streel. "A biostratigraphic method based on a quantification of the characters of Devonian tracheophytes." Paleobiology 20, no. 2 (1994): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300012689.

Full text

Abstract:

Biostratigraphic applications of Devonian plant macrofossils are unusual because of the rarity of these fossil plants. Moreover, the taxonomic determination of these plants is too often either arguable or impossible. Here is proposed a biostratigraphic method based on a quantification of individual plant characters and not on determination of whole fossils. The method is the following: (1) each biocharacter found at a given locality receives a score according to whether it is primitive or derived, so that the biocharacter score increases with increasing derivation; (2) the biostratigraphic coefficients of well-dated localities are calculated, the biostratigraphic coefficient of a given plant locality being the mean of all the biocharacter scores of this locality; (3) the scores of these well-dated localities are used to build a reference scale to which localities under investigation will be compared. A detailed example is developed for Early Devonian times. Various plant biocharacters of seven fossiliferous outcrops have been quantified and the subsequent scores of these localities are presented. This example shows that biostratigraphic results obtained by using the quantification method are comparable in precision with dating based on palynological assemblage zones. Evolutionary aspects of the method are also discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Kulkarni, Ameya R., Maria J. Peña, Utku Avci, Koushik Mazumder, Breeanna R. Urbanowicz, Sivakumar Pattathil, Yanbin Yin, et al. "The ability of land plants to synthesize glucuronoxylans predates the evolution of tracheophytes." Glycobiology 22, no. 3 (November 2, 2011): 439–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cwr117.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Xue, Jinzhuang, Pu Huang, Marcello Ruta, Michael J. Benton, Shougang Hao, Conghui Xiong, Deming Wang, Borja Cascales-Miñana, Qi Wang, and Le Liu. "Stepwise evolution of Paleozoic tracheophytes from South China: Contrasting leaf disparity and taxic diversity." Earth-Science Reviews 148 (September 2015): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.05.013.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Ajuru, M. G., and F. W. Nmom. "Anatomical Characterization of Representative Members of Different Groups of Tracheophytes Found in Rivers State, Nigeria." Trends in Applied Sciences Research 15, no. 3 (April 15, 2020): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/tasr.2020.201.206.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Kenrick, Paul, and Peter R. Crane. "Water-Conducting Cells in Early Fossil Land Plants: Implications for the Early Evolution of Tracheophytes." Botanical Gazette 152, no. 3 (September 1991): 335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/337897.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Bainard, Jillian D., and Steven G. Newmaster. "Endopolyploidy in Bryophytes: Widespread in Mosses and Absent in Liverworts." Journal of Botany 2010 (June 29, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/316356.

Full text

Abstract:

Endopolyploidy occurs when DNA replication is not followed by mitotic nuclear division, resulting in tissues or organisms with nuclei of varying ploidy levels. Endopolyploidy appears to be a common phenomenon in plants, though the prevalence of endopolyploidy has not been determined in bryophytes (including mosses and liverworts). Forty moss species and six liverwort species were analyzed for the degree of endopolyploidy using flow cytometry. Nuclei were extracted in LB01 buffer and stained with propidium iodide. Of the forty moss species, all exhibited endopolyploid nuclei (mean cycle value =0.65±0.038) except for the Sphagnum mosses (mean cycle value =0). None of the liverwort species had endopolyploid nuclei (mean cycle value = 0.04 ± 0.014). As bryophytes form a paraphyletic grade leading to the tracheophytes, understanding the prevalence and role of endopolyploidy in this group is important.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Carafa, Anna, Jeffrey G. Duckett, J. Paul Knox, and Roberto Ligrone. "Distribution of cell-wall xylans in bryophytes and tracheophytes: new insights into basal interrelationships of land plants." New Phytologist 168, no. 1 (June 16, 2005): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01483.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Beck, John H., and Paul K. Strother. "Miospores and cryptospores from the Silurian section at Allenport, Pennsylvania, USA." Journal of Paleontology 82, no. 5 (September 2008): 857–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-009r.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Non-marine and marine palynomorphs were collected from a Telychian through Gorstian rock outcrop located near Allenport, Pennsylvania, USA in the east-central part of the Appalachian Foreland Basin. Close sampling of the section revealed six distinct palynological assemblages of spores, cryptospores, acritarchs and prasinophycean algae, likely deposited in nearshore marine settings. The Silurian Period is a critical time in plant evolution as megafossils found elsewhere indicate that vascular plants (tracheophytes) originated during this interval. Palynoflorules generally show a transition from cryptospore-dominated to miospore-dominated assemblages during the latter half of the Silurian. This transition is evident at Allenport, where over 30 species of miospores and cryptospores are recognized, including two new species: Vermiverruspora cottera and Rugosphaera falloambita. The sequential progression of innovations in exine structure and sculpture seen in the nonmarine palynomorphs at Allenport closely matches evolutionary patterns documented previously in the Appalachian Basin, Avalonia, and elsewhere around the world.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Soltis, P. S., D. E. Soltis, V. Savolainen, P. R. Crane, and T. G. Barraclough. "Rate heterogeneity among lineages of tracheophytes: Integration of molecular and fossil data and evidence for molecular living fossils." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99, no. 7 (March 26, 2002): 4430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.032087199.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Ros, L. V. Gómez, Carlos Gabaldón, Federico Pomar, Fuencisla Merino, María A. Pedreño, and A. Ros Barceló. "Structural motifs of syringyl peroxidases predate not only the gymnosperm-angiosperm divergence but also the radiation of tracheophytes." New Phytologist 173, no. 1 (November 6, 2006): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01898.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Hwang, Youra, Hee-Seung Choi, Hyun-Min Cho, and Hyung-Taeg Cho. "Tracheophytes Contain Conserved Orthologs of a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor That Modulate ROOT HAIR SPECIFIC Genes." Plant Cell 29, no. 1 (January 2017): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.16.00732.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Sousa, Filipe, Peter Civáň, João Brazão, Peter G. Foster, and Cymon J. Cox. "The mitochondrial phylogeny of land plants shows support for Setaphyta under composition-heterogeneous substitution models." PeerJ 8 (April 28, 2020): e8995. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8995.

Full text

Abstract:

Congruence among analyses of plant genomic data partitions (nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial) is a strong indicator of accuracy in plant molecular phylogenetics. Recent analyses of both nuclear and chloroplast genome data of land plants (embryophytes) have, controversially, been shown to support monophyly of both bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) and tracheophytes (lycopods, ferns, and seed plants), with mosses and liverworts forming the clade Setaphyta. However, relationships inferred from mitochondria are incongruent with these results, and typically indicate paraphyly of bryophytes with liverworts alone resolved as the earliest-branching land plant group. Here, we reconstruct the mitochondrial land plant phylogeny from a newly compiled data set. When among-lineage composition heterogeneity is accounted for in analyses of codon-degenerate nucleotide and amino acid data, the clade Setaphyta is recovered with high support, and hornworts are supported as the earliest-branching lineage of land plants. These new mitochondrial analyses demonstrate partial congruence with current hypotheses based on nuclear and chloroplast genome data, and provide further incentive for revision of how plants arose on land.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Nishiyama, T., and M. Kato. "Molecular phylogenetic analysis among bryophytes and tracheophytes based on combined data of plastid coded genes and the 18S rRNA gene." Molecular Biology and Evolution 16, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 1027–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026192.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Yapo, Beda M. "Pectin Rhamnogalacturonan II: On the “Small Stem with Four Branches” in the Primary Cell Walls of Plants." International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry 2011 (December 29, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/964521.

Full text

Abstract:

Rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) is a type of block copolymer of complex pectins that represents a quantitatively minor component of the primary cell walls of land (vascular) plants. The structural composition of RG-II is almost totally sequenced and appears to be remarkably conserved in all tracheophytes so far examined. The backbone of RG-II, released from complex (cell wall) pectins by endo-polygalacturonase (Endo-PG) treatment, has been found to contain up to 15 (1→4)-linked-α-D-GalpA units, some of which carry four well-defined side chains, often referred to as A-, B-, C-, and D-side chains. Nevertheless, the relative locations on the backbone of these four branches, especially the A chain, remain to be ascertained. A combination of different data suggests that neither the terminal nonreducing GalA nor the contiguous GalA unit is likely to be the branching point of the A chain, but probably the ninth GalA residue from the reducing end, assuming a minimum backbone length of 11 (1→4)-linked-α-d-GalpA. The latest reports on RG-II are here highlighted, with a provided update for the macrostructure and array of functionalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Bainard, Jillian D., and Juan Carlos Villarreal. "Genome size increases in recently diverged hornwort clades." Genome 56, no. 8 (August 2013): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2013-0041.

Full text

Abstract:

As our knowledge of plant genome size estimates continues to grow, one group has continually been neglected: the hornworts. Hornworts (Anthocerotophyta) have been traditionally grouped with liverworts and mosses because they share a haploid dominant life cycle; however, recent molecular studies place hornworts as the sister lineage to extant tracheophytes. Given the scarcity of information regarding the DNA content of hornworts, our objective was to estimate the 1C-value for a range of hornwort species within a phylogenetic context. Using flow cytometry, we estimated genome size for 36 samples representing 24 species. This accounts for roughly 10% of known hornwort species. Haploid genome sizes (1C-value) ranged from 160 Mbp or 0.16 pg (Leiosporoceros dussii) to 719 Mbp or 0.73 pg (Nothoceros endiviifolius). The average 1C-value was 261 ± 104 Mbp (0.27 ± 0.11 pg). Ancestral reconstruction of genome size on a hornwort phylogeny suggests a small ancestral genome size and revealed increases in genome size in the most recently divergent clades. Much more work is needed to understand DNA content variation in this phylogenetically important group, but this work has significantly increased our knowledge of genome size variation in hornworts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bogdanović, Milica, Milena Ilić, Suzana Živković, Aneta Sabovljević, Dragoljub Grubišić, and Marko Sabovljević. "Comparative study on the effects of NaCl on selected moss and fern representatives." Australian Journal of Botany 59, no. 8 (2011): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt11059.

Full text

Abstract:

Salt demonstrates various osmotic and ionic effects on vascular plant growth, development and function, but very few data can be found on how salt affects non-tracheophytes. To explore this, gametophytes of two moss – Bryum argenteum Hedw. and Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv., and three fern species – Asplenium viride Britton, Ceterach officinarum DC, and Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newman, were treated for 3 days with different NaCl concentrations in growth medium under in vitro controlled conditions. Subsequently, these plants recovered for 18 days on NaCl-free medium, after which the following parameters were measured for mosses: presence of secondary protonema and shoots, protonemal radius and index of multiplication. Survival, chlorophyll a, b, total and a/b ratio were determined as well as total phenolic content, both for ferns and mosses. All species tolerated 50 and 100 mM of NaCl-enriched media, quite well. On higher salt concentrations in the substrata, measured morphological parameters and chlorophyll content were reduced. In general, mosses exhibited higher NaCl tolerance than ferns. Change of phenolic content in ferns suggests these plants use antioxidative properties of phenolics as a mechanism of salt tolerance, in contrast with mosses whose phenolic content was stable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Ligrone, R., J. G. Duckett, and K. S. Renzaglia. "Conducting tissues and phyletic relationships of bryophytes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, no. 1398 (June 29, 2000): 795–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0616.

Full text

Abstract:

Internal specialized conducting tissues, if present, are restricted to the gametophytic generation in liverworts while they may occur in both generations in mosses. Conducting tissues are unknown in the anthocerotes. Water–conducting cells (WCCs) with walls perforated by plasmodesma–derived pores occur in the Calobryales and Pallaviciniaceae (Metzgeriales) among liverworts and in Takakia among mosses. Imperforate WCCs (hydroids) are present in bryoid mosses. A polarized cytoplasmic organization and a distinctive axial system of microtubules is present in the highly specialized food–conducting cells of polytrichaceous mosses (leptoids) and in less specialized parenchyma cells of the leafy stem and seta in other mosses including Sphagnum . A similar organization, suggested to reflect specialization in long–distance symplasmic transport of nutrients, also occurs in other parts of the plant in mosses, including rhizoids and caulonemata, and may be observed in thallus parenchyma cells of liverworts. Perforate WCCs in the Calobryales, Metzgeriales and Takakia , and hydroids in bryoid mosses, probably evolved independently. Because of fundamental differences in developmental design, homology of any of these cells with tracheids is highly unlikely. Likewise, putative food–conducting of bryophytes present highly distinctive characteristics and cannot be considered homologous with the sieve cells of tracheophytes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Grodzinski, B., and D. Leonardos. "Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Enhances Daily Carbon Export from Photosynthetic Source Organs and Thus Controls the Increased Growth of Vascular Plants, Tracheophytes." Procedia Environmental Sciences 29 (2015): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.202.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Maksimova, Anastasiia I., Lidija Berke, Marco G. Salgado, Ekaterina A. Klimova, Katharina Pawlowski, Marina A. Romanova, and Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja. "What can the phylogeny of class I KNOX genes and their expression patterns in land plants tell us about the evolution of shoot development?" Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 195, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 254–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa088.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract KNOX genes encode transcription factors (TFs), several of which act non-cell-autonomously. KNOX genes evolved in algae, and two classes, class I KNOX and class II KNOX genes, were already present in charophytes. In tracheophytes, class I KNOX genes are expressed in shoot apical meristems (SAMs) and thought to inhibit cell differentiation, whereas class II KNOX genes are expressed in mature organs regulating differentiation. In this review, we summarize the data available on gene families and expression patterns of class I and class II KNOX genes in embryophytes. The expression patterns of class I KNOX genes should be seen in the context of SAM structure and of leaf primordium development where the inhibition of cell differentiation needs to be lifted. Although the SAMs of angiosperms and gnetophytes almost always belong to the duplex type, several other types are distributed in gymnosperms, ferns, lycopods and bryophytes. KNOX gene families remained small (maximally five genes) in the representatives of bryophytes, lycopods and ferns examined thus far; however, they expanded to some extent in gymnosperms and, independently and much more strongly, in angiosperms. The growing sophistication of mechanisms to repress and re-induce class KNOX I expression played a major role in the evolution of leaf shape.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Lalica, Madison A. K., and Alexandru M. F. Tomescu. "Diversity of Microfossils, including Fungal Material, Associated with Early Tracheophytes in the Lower Devonian (Emsian) Battery Point Formation (Gaspé Bay, Quebec, Canada)." International Journal of Plant Sciences 182, no. 4 (May 1, 2021): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/713441.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Duckett, Jeffrey G., and Silvia Pressel. "The evolution of the stomatal apparatus: intercellular spaces and sporophyte water relations in bryophytes—two ignored dimensions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1739 (December 18, 2017): 20160498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0498.

Full text

Abstract:

Cryo-scanning electron microscopy shows that nascent intercellular spaces (ICSs) in bryophytes are liquid-filled, whereas these are gas-filled from the outset in tracheophytes except in the gametophytes of Lycopodiales. ICSs are absent in moss gametophytes and remain liquid-filled in hornwort gametophytes and in both generations in liverworts. Liquid is replaced by gas following stomatal opening in hornworts and is ubiquitous in moss sporophytes even in astomate taxa. New data on moss water relations and sporophyte weights indicate that the latter are homiohydric while X-ray microanalysis reveals an absence of potassium pumps in the stomatal apparatus. The distribution of ICSs in bryophytes is strongly indicative of very ancient multiple origins. Inherent in this scenario is either the dual or triple evolution of stomata. The absence, in mosses, of any relationship between increases in sporophyte biomass and stomata numbers and absences, suggests that CO 2 entry through the stomata, possible only after fluid replacement by gas in the ICSs, makes but a minor contribution to sporophyte nutrition. Save for a single claim of active regulation of aperture dimensions in mosses, all other functional and structural data point to the sporophyte desiccation, leading to spore discharge, as the primeval role of the stomatal apparatus. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The Rhynie cherts: our earliest terrestrial ecosystem revisited’.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Hecht, Julia, Felix Grewe, and Volker Knoop. "Extreme RNA Editing in Coding Islands and Abundant Microsatellites in Repeat Sequences of Selaginella moellendorffii Mitochondria: The Root of Frequent Plant mtDNA Recombination in Early Tracheophytes." Genome Biology and Evolution 3 (January 1, 2011): 344–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evr027.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Raven, J. A. "Land plant biochemistry." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, no. 1398 (June 29, 2000): 833–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0618.

Full text

Abstract:

Biochemical studies have complemented ultrastructural and, subsequently, molecular genetic evidence consistent with the Charophyceae being the closest extant algal relatives of the embryophytes. Among the genes used in such molecular phylogenetic studies is that ( rbcL ) for the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase–oxygenase (RUBISCO). The RUBISCO of the embryophytes is derived, via the Chlorophyta, from that of the cyanobacteria. This clade of the molecular phylogeny of RUBISCO shows a range of kinetic characteristics, especially of CO 2 affinities and of CO 2 / O 2 selectivities. The range of these kinetic values within the bryophytes is no greater than in the rest of the embryophytes; this has implications for the evolution of the embryophytes in the high atmospheric CO 2 environment of the late Lower Palaeozoic. The differences in biochemistry between charophycean algae and embryophytes can to some extent be related functionally to the structure and physiology of embryophytes. Examples of components of embryophytes, which are qualitatively or quantitatively different from those of charophytes, are the water repellent/water resistant extracellular lipids, the rigid phenolic polymers functional in waterconducting elements and mechanical support in air, and in UV–B absorption, flavonoid phenolics involved in UV–B absorption and in interactions with other organisms, and the greater emphasis on low M r organic acids, retained in the plant as free acids or salts, or secreted to the rhizosphere. The roles of these components are discussed in relation to the environmental conditions at the time of evolution of the terrestrial embryophytes. A significant point about embryophytes is the predominance of nitrogen–free extracellular structural material (a trait shared by most algae) and UV–B screening components, by contrast with analogous components in many other organisms. An important question, which has thus far been incompletely addressed, is the extent to which the absence from bryophytes of the biochemical pathways which produce components found only in tracheophytes is the result of evolutionary loss of these functions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Hilger, Hartmut H., and Theodor C. H. Cole. "Evolutionärer Stammbaum der Tracheophyten - neue Zusammenhänge." Biologie in unserer Zeit 42, no. 1 (February 2012): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.201290003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Grego-Valencia, Dalia, Teresa Terrazas, J. Daniel Tejero-Díez, Reyna Lara-Martínez, Luis Felipe Jiménez-García, and Silvia Aguilar-Rodríguez. "Variación anatómica del tallo y ultraestructura de la membrana de la punteadura en los elementos traqueales de Selaginella pallescens (Selaginellaceae)." Botanical Sciences 96, no. 4 (November 29, 2018): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2013.

Full text

Abstract:

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The possible intraspecific anatomical variation in inferior tracheophytes is not recorded. In this study, we describe the anatomical variation of the aerial stems of <em>Selaginella pallescens</em> and the pit membrane (PM).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis:</strong> There is significant structural variation of the aerial stem and PM in a single species in relation to its growth form and habitat.</p><p><strong>Species of study:</strong> <em>Selaginella pallescens </em>(C. Presl) Spring.</p><p><strong>Study site:</strong> State of Mexico, in five localities, September 2016.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Light microscopy, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to describe the caulinar anatomy and ultrastructure of the PM of <em>S. pallescens</em>. We searched for significant differences in the anatomical attributes by means of analysis of variance of the linear general model, followed by analysis of comparison of means associated to the growth form, substrate and vegetation type of the collection sites.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Erect and arrosetate growth form occur in <em>S. pallescens</em>. Anatomically, the cortex varies in the proportion of sclerenchyma. The xylem includes tracheids and vessel elements. The MPs in metaxilema and protoxilema show ultrastructural differences. There are differences in five anatomical variables related to the substrate, the form of growth and the type of vegetation.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <em>Selaginella pallescens</em>has plasticity in growth form, as well as in cortex and vascular tissue as possible response to the environment. The ultrastructure of sieve cells shows characteristics that support taxonomic separation between lycopods and ferns. The differences in PM are interpreted in terms of security in the hydraulic conduction of this species.<p> </p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Schmid, Rudolf, Alexander (B ). Doweld, and Aleksandr Douel'd. "Prosyllabus tracheophytorum: Tentamen systematis plantarum vascularum (Tracheophyta) = Prosyllabus tracheophytorum: Opyt sistemy sosudistykh rasteniy (Tracheophyta)." Taxon 53, no. 1 (February 2004): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4135533.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Cantino, Philip D., James A. Doyle, Sean W. Graham, Walter S. Judd, Richard G. Olmstead, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, and Michael J. Donoghue. "Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta." TAXON 56, no. 3 (August 2007): 822–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25065864.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Cantino, Philip D., James A. Doyle, Sean W. Graham, Walter S. Judd, Richard G. Olmstead, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, and Michael J. Donoghue. "Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta." TAXON 56, no. 3 (August 2007): E1—E44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tax.563001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Renzaglia, Karen Sue, R. Joel Duff, Daniel L. Nickrent, and David J. Garbary. "Vegetative and reproductive innovations of early land plants: implications for a unified phylogeny." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, no. 1398 (June 29, 2000): 769–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0615.

Full text

Abstract:

As the oldest extant lineages of land plants, bryophytes provide a living laboratory in which to evaluate morphological adaptations associated with early land existence. In this paper we examine reproductive and structural innovations in the gametophyte and sporophyte generations of hornworts, liverworts, mosses and basal pteridophytes. Reproductive features relating to spermatogenesis and the architecture of motile male gametes are overviewed and evaluated from an evolutionary perspective. Phylogenetic analyses of a data set derived from spermatogenesis and one derived from comprehensive morphogenetic data are compared with a molecular analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA sequences. Although relatively small because of a reliance on water for sexual reproduction, gametophytes of bryophytes are the most elaborate of those produced by any land plant. Phenotypic variability in gametophytic habit ranges from leafy to thalloid forms with the greatest diversity exhibited by hepatics. Appendages, including leaves, slime papillae and hairs, predominate in liverworts and mosses, while hornwort gametophytes are strictly thalloid with no organized external structures. Internalization of reproductive and vegetative structures within mucilage–filled spaces is an adaptive strategy exhibited by hornworts. The formative stages of gametangial development are similar in the three bryophyte groups, with the exception that in mosses apical growth is intercalated into early organogenesis, a feature echoed in moss sporophyte ontogeny. A monosporangiate, unbranched sporophyte typifies bryophytes, but developmental and structural innovations suggest the three bryophyte groups diverged prior to elaboration of this generation. Sporophyte morphogenesis in hornworts involves non–synchronized sporogenesis and the continued elongation of the single sporangium, features unique among archegoniates. In hepatics, elongation of the sporophyte seta and archegoniophore is rapid and requires instantaneous wall expandability and hydrostatic support. Unicellular, spiralled elaters and capsule dehiscence through the formation of four regular valves are autapomorphies of liverworts. Sporophytic sophistications in the moss clade include conducting tissue, stomata, an assimilative layer and an elaborate peristome for extended spore dispersal. Characters such as stomata and conducting cells that are shared among sporophytes of mosses, hornworts and pteridophytes are interpreted as parallelisms and not homologies. Our phylogenetic analysis of three different data sets is the most comprehensive to date and points to a single phylogenetic solution for the evolution of basal embryophytes. Hornworts are supported as the earliest divergent embryophyte clade with a moss/liverwort clade sister to tracheophytes. Among pteridophytes, lycophytes are monophyletic and an assemblage containing ferns, Equisetum and psilophytes is sister to seed plants. Congruence between morphological and molecular hypotheses indicates that these data sets are tracking the same phylogenetic signal and reinforces our phylogenetic conclusions. It appears that total evidence approaches are valuable in resolving ancient radiations such as those characterizing the evolution of early embryophytes. More information on land plant phylogeny can be found at: http://www.science.siu.edu/landplants/index.html.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Brillouet, Jean-Marc. "Plasticity of the Tannosome Ontogenesis in the Tracheophyta." Journal of Plant Sciences (Science Publishing Group) 2, no. 6 (2014): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20140206.19.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Miranda, Cecília Vieira, and Pedro Bond Schwartsburd. "Aquatic ferns from Viçosa (MG, Brazil): Salviniales (Filicopsida; Tracheophyta)." Brazilian Journal of Botany 39, no. 3 (May 20, 2016): 935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40415-016-0284-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Savidge, R. A. "Characterization of indol-3-ylacetic acid in developing secondary xylem of 26 Canadian species by combined gas chromatography – mass spectrometry." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-071.

Full text

Abstract:

Using one purification procedure, endogenous indol-3-ylacetic acid (IAA), a known regulator of vascular development in woody plants, was characterized by capillary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in developing secondary xylem of 6 conifers, 16 hardwoods, and 4 additional species of woody plants indigenous to the northern temperate zone. The results suggest IAA may be ubiquitous throughout the Tracheophyta.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Garnock-Jones, P. J., and I. Breitwieser. "New Zealand floras and systematic botany: Progress and prospects." Australian Systematic Botany 11, no. 2 (1998): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb97008.

Full text

Abstract:

Botanists have produced vascular plant Floras of New Zealand at regular intervals since 1775. The current tracheophyte Flora series is nearing completion, but early volumes already need major revision. There are few Flora treatments covering algae and fungi. Moss and liverwort Floras are in early stages, while the Lichen Flora is now under revision. Current research attention is focused on revisions of critical groups, phylogenetic studies to investigate generic circumscriptions or family placements, and provision of new tools for plant identification. Plans are under way to produce an Excursion Flora.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Тельнова, О. П., and Дж. Е. А. Маршалл. "ДЕВОНСКИЕ СПОРЫ KRYSHTOFOVICHIA AFRICANI NIKITIN (TRACHEOPHYTA): МОРФОЛОГИЯ, УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРА, "Палеонтологический журнал"." Палеонтологический журнал, no. 3 (2018): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/s0031031x18030145.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Ferrer-Gallego, P. Pablo, Fernando Boisset, and Charles E. Jarvis. "Typification of Posidonia oceanica (Tracheophyta: Posidoniaceae), Mediterranean seagrass." Taxon 63, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/632.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Telnova, O. P., and J. E. A. Marshall. "Devonian Spores of Kryshtofovichia africani Nikitin (Tracheophyta): Morphology and Ultrastructure." Paleontological Journal 52, no. 3 (May 2018): 342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0031030118030152.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

HEMSLEY, ALAN R. "Comparison of in vitro decomposition of bryophytic and tracheophytic plant material." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 137, no. 4 (December 2001): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2001.tb02332.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Silva, Andreza Gonçalves da, and Pedro B. Schwartsburd. "Ferns of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: Polypodiaceae (Polypodiales, Filicopsida, Tracheophyta)." Hoehnea 44, no. 2 (April 2017): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-95/2016.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT As part of an ongoing project treating the ferns and lycophytes from the region of Viçosa, MG, Brazil, we here present the taxonomic treatment of Polypodiaceae. We performed field expeditions in remaining forest patches and disturbed sites from 2012 to 2016. We also revised the Polypodiaceae collection of VIC herbarium. In the region of Viçosa, 19 species of Polypodiaceae occur: Campyloneurum centrobrasilianum, C. decurrens, C. lapathifolium, C. phyllitidis, Cochlidium punctatum, Microgramma crispata, M. percussa, M. squamulosa, M. vacciniifolia, Niphidium crassifolium, Pecluma filicula, P. plumula, P. truncorum, Phlebodium areolatum, P. decumanum, Pleopeltis astrolepis, P. minima, Serpocaulon fraxinifolium, and S. menisciifolium. Among them, six are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. During our search in VIC, we found an isotype of Campyloneurum centrobrasilianum. We present keys, descriptions, illustrations, examined materials, and comments of all taxa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!