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Rosová, Lýdia. "Využitie technológie tracking a tracing na trhu s tabakovými výrobkami." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359329.
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This master thesis focuses on application of tracking and tracing technologies in the tobacco industry. As per Directive 2014/40/EU, overall trackability and traceability will be an obligation for all unit packs of tobacco products. The reason for this is the fight against the black market. The thesis analyses the current track and trace technologies, evaluates the important points of the Directive and describes tobacco market specifications. The core is to propose a specific technology for this objective and to summarise essential features of the system. In addition, a technology called Codentify is described in detail, as it has the potential to fulfil the legislative demands.
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Jörger, Katharina. "Tracing evolution." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-178510.
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Lyszczarz, Joseph E. "Tracing Shadows." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1333416867.
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Clark, Stephanie M. "Tracing Motion." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3796.
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This document explores the use of motion within design to defamiliarize a message. The objective is to expand a viewer’s level of understanding through prolonged perception. I experiment with this idea using present-day tools which afford my own movement during the capturing process to create various visual interpretations of motion. I look to László Moholy-Nagy, Aleksandr Rodchenko and Eadweard Muybridge who explored the use of the camera, the new technology of their day, to understand its potential to create a new visual language. They believed the lens of the camera was the eye of the future—and the public’s exposure to the camera’s possibilities an enlightening transcendence. I also believe in exploring newly developed tools; in visually researching their intended and unintended use to discover new perspectives in not only the way we see and represent the world, but the way we understand and represent ourselves in relation to the study of our field.
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Sennersten, Charlotte. "Gameplay (3D Game Engine + Ray Tracing = Visual Attention through Eye Tracking)." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : School of Technoculture, Humanities and Planning, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2008. http://www.bth.se/fou/Forskinfo.nsf/allfirst2/e0fc9eb5eccc5468c12574d400432db2?OpenDocument.
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Greig, Anne Art College of Fine Arts UNSW. "Tracing the invisible." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Art, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43659.
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This project stems from a personal experience, when I saw an image of my magnified blood cells skimming erratically across a computer screen. This interaction with technology and parts of myself that are usually unseen prompted my explorations into this area of research - the realm of the invisible. This broad and fascinating field of enquiry has preoccupied artists for millennia and has led me into an exploration of art, science and philosophy and how these disciplines have explored the realms beyond the senses. In particular, I have found that a convergence of these previously independent areas of thought is manifesting within contemporary culture as the advance of technology reveals more and more the mysteries of the universe. Developments in physics and cosmology, in particular, challenge our ideas about reality and how we perceive it, and raise questions about our place within the scheme of things that are having a big impact on contemporary thought. My project engages with a cluster of issues concerning the impact of technology on visual representation. My area of studio practice is contemporary painting. In this exegesis I establish the context for my project by showing how advances in technology have influenced our visual representations of reality, and how these developments have always been and continue to be an area of fascination to artists. We are currently subject to vast amounts of information and an abundance of visual material emanating from science and technology, which has not only permeated the popular imagination but has influenced our conceptions of how we represent the universe. Lens-based technologies continue to reveal information that challenges and alters our understanding of the underlying structure of the physical world and beyond. At the microscopic end of the scale scientists search amongst sub-atomic particles for new dimensions, whilst information from deep space reveals the ripples from the beginning of time - the big bang. At the same time, the fractal geometry of chaos theory makes visible the shapes embedded in the fabric of motion; the self-similarity of fractals are a way of seeing infinity. This paper locates my project within this area of visual enquiry via a discussion of the work of some contemporary artists who share an interest in this broad and perhaps limitless field. In painting, this field has its origins in the pioneering abstractionists of the early 20th Century, who were also influenced by the scientific and technological advances of their time. Within this discussion I have situated the relevant scientific developments that relate both to the historical trajectory of art and to my own practice, as well as engage with some of the philosophical issues that arise from this subject. Chapter one introduces a convergence of science and philosophy, where current cosmology points to a metaphysical notion of holism in which all things are interconnected. Chapter two discusses how the advance of lens-based technologies to probe the unseen realms in the early 20th Century influenced representations of a world beyond appearances that had a huge impact on artists. Chapter three looks at how our developing knowledge of natural systems influenced biomorphic abstraction in early 20th Century painting and links the exploration of chance and automatism in Dadaism with scientific notions of randomness and uncertainty. Chapter four discusses the contemporary field and how the practice of artists such as Ross Bleckner and Mark Francis, among others, have also produced a technological aesthetic influenced by developments in representation stemming from physics and cosmology. Chapter five locates my own studio practice within this context and describes the motivations and processes integral to my work in relation to the metaphysical implications of the field of enquiry that this project engages with. When viewed within this context of art, philosophy and science, the final outcome of my project is an exploration of the unity of the underlying structure of existence.
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Hošek, Václav. "Distributed Ray Tracing." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235956.
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VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ Distributed Ray Tracing, also called distribution ray tracing and stochastic ray tracing, is a refinement of ray tracing that allows for the rendering of "soft" phenomena, area light, depth of field and motion blur.
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Pracuch, Michal. "Voxel Cone Tracing." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-255300.
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This thesis deals with the global illumination in the scene by using Voxel Cone Tracing method. It is based on the voxelization of a triangle mesh scene. The voxels can be stored to a full regular 3D grid (texture) or to the hierarchic Sparse Voxel Octree for saving of the memory space. This voxel representation is further used for computations of the global indirect illumination in real time within normal triangle mesh scenes for more realistic final image. Values from the voxels are obtained by tracing cones from the pixels which we want to get illumination for.
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O, Donnell Sarah. "Tracing a Process." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339194276.
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Yun, Garam. "Polarization Ray Tracing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202979.
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A three-by-three polarization ray tracing matrix method is developed to calculate the polarization transformations associated with ray paths through optical systems. The relationship between the three-by-three polarization ray tracing matrix P method and the Jones calculus is shown in Chapter 2. The diattenuation, polarization dependent transmittance, is calculated via a singular value decomposition of the P matrix and presented in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4 the concept of retardance is critically analyzed for ray paths through optical systems. Algorithms are presented to separate the effects of retardance from geometric transformations. The parallel transport of vectors is associated with non-polarizing propagation through an optical system. A parallel transport matrix Q establishes a proper relationship between sets of local coordinates along the ray path, a sequence of ray segments. The proper retardance is calculated by removing this geometric transformation from the three-by-three polarization ray trace matrix. Polarization aberration is wavelength and spatial dependent polarization change that occurs as wavefrontspropagate through an optical system. Diattenuation and retardance of interfaces and anisotropic elements are common sources of polarizationaberrations. Two representations of polarization aberrationusing the Jones pupil and a polarization ray tracing matrix pupil, are presentedin Chapter 5. In Chapter 6 a new class of aberration, skew aberration is defined, as a component of polarization aberration. Skew aberration is an intrinsic rotation of polarization states due to the geometric transformation of local coordinates; skew aberration occurs independent of coatings and interface polarization. Skew aberration in a radially symmetric system primarily has the form of a tilt plus circular retardance coma aberration. Skew aberration causes an undesired polarization distribution in the exit pupil. A principal retardance is often defined within (-π, + π] range. In Chapter 7 an algorithm which calculates the principal retardance, horizontal retardance component, 45° retardance component, and circular retardance component for given retarder Jones matrices is presented. A concept of retarder space is introduced to understand apparent discontinuities in phase unwrapped retardance. Dispersion properties of retarders for polychromatic light is used to phase unwrap the principal retardance. Homogeneous and inhomogeneous compound retarder systems are analyzed and examples of multi-order retardance are calculated for thick birefringent plates. Mathematical description of the polarization properties of light and incoherent addition of light is presented in Chapter 8, using a coherence matrix. A three-by-three-by-three-by-three polarization ray tracing tensor method is defined in order to ray trace incoherent light through optical systems with depolarizing surfaces. The polarization ray tracing tensor relates the incident light’s three-by-three coherence matrix to the exiting light’s three-by-three coherence matrix. This tensor method is applicable to illumination systems and polarized stray light calculations where rays at an imaging surface pixel have optical path lengths which vary over many wavelengths. In Chapter 9 3D Stokes parameters are defined by expanding the coherence matrix with Gell-Mann matrices as a basis. The definition of nine-by-nine 3D Mueller matrix is presented. The 3D Mueller matrix relates the incident 3D Stokes parameters to the exiting 3D Stokes parameters. Both the polarization ray tracing tensor and 3D Mueller matrix are defined in global coordinates. In Chapter 10 a summary of my work and future work are presented followed by a conclusion.
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Biehl, Paola Gabriella. "Tracing teacher development." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/167711.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários, Florianópolis, 2016<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T04:13:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2016<br>Abstract : In the field of English as a ForeignLanguage (EFL) teacher education, special attention must be given to novice teachers, (i.e. the ones working as a teacher for at most three years[Huberman,1993]), so that they can bridge the theory learned at preservice, courses, workshops or academia to the reality of their practice more comfortably and less lengthily. Following one on the main tenets of Vygotsky's (1987) Sociocultural theory (SCT), this study aimed to trace a novice teacher's developmental path, as she was mediated by a more experienced other (in this study, the researcher herself). The guiding question that permeated this study was to what extent the mediating sessions between teacher educator and novice teacher impacted the teacher. In order to answer this research question, the following specific questions were asked: i) How the interactions between teacher educator and novice teacher reverberated on the novice teacher's practice; ii) How the interactions between teacher educator and novice teacher reverberated on the novice teacher's discourse; and iii) if the novice teacher perceived herself differently, felt more confident about her teaching, and in what ways. Qualitative research methods were used to analyze data, which were collected through filmed class observation, filmed feedback sessions (called mediating sessions), and questionnaires. Analysis showed that the mediating sessions did impact the teacher,presenting evidence inboth teacher's discourse and practice, as well as in her self-analysis. These findings support the importance of a teacher educator's intentional and goal-oriented mediation for teachers, especially beginner teachers. The results of this study, while confirming the imperative role of reflective teaching (Richards, 1995) and teacher reasoning (Johnson, 1999), corroborate Vygotsky s (1987) proposition concerning the twisting path of concept development (Smagorinsky, Cook & Johnson, 2003). <br><br>No campo de formação de professores de Inglês como Língua Estrangeira (EFL), uma atenção especial deve ser dada aos professores iniciantes, (ou seja, aqueles que trabalham como professor durante, no máximo, três anos [Huberman, 1993]), para que possam relacionar a teoria aprendida em treinamentos, cursos, workshops ou academicamente com a realidade da sua prática de forma mais confortável e menos longa. Seguindo um dos principais princípios da teoria sociocultural (SCT) de Vygotsky (1987), este estudo teve como objetivo traçar o caminho de desenvolvimento de uma professora iniciante, como ela foi mediada por um colega mais experiente (neste estudo, o próprio pesquisador). A questão norteadora que permeou este estudo foi até que ponto as sessões de mediação entre a formadora de professores e a professora iniciante impactaram na professora. A fim de responder a esta questão de pesquisa, foram feitas os seguintes questões específicas: i) Como as interações entre a formadora de professores e a professora iniciante reverberaram na prática da professora; ii) Como as interações entre a formadora de professores e professor principiante reverberaram no discurso da professora; e iii) se a professora iniciante percebeu-se de forma diferente, se sentiu-se mais confiante com seu ensino, e de que forma. Métodos qualitativos de pesquisa foram utilizados para analisar os dados, que foram coletados por meio de observação de aulas filmadas, sessões de feedback filmadas (chamadas de sessões de mediação), e questionários. A análise mostrou que as sessões de mediação realmente impactaram na professora, apresentando evidências tanto no discurso quanto na prática da professora, bem como na sua auto-análise. Estes resultados reiteram a importância da mediação intencional e com foco nos objetivos dos formadores de professores para o desenvolvimento dos professores, especialmente professores iniciantes. Os resultados deste estudo, confirmando o papel fundamental do ensino reflexivo (Richards, 1995) e do raciocínio do professor (Johnson, 1999), corroboram com a proposta de Vygotsky (1987) relativa à trajetória sinuosa (twisting path) de desenvolvimento do conceito (Smagorinsky, Cook & Johnson, 2003).
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Bassett, Ashley. "Tracing. imprinting. being." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6050.
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Ullmann, Thomas. "Vertex tracing - interaktives ray tracing durch adaptiv progressives Refinement im Objektraum." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974936189.
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Bergström, Fredrik. "Tracing Subliminal Memory Traces." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-46606.
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This study aims to explore subliminally encoded memory traces over time in an Attentional Blink (AB) paradigm. The AB paradigm consisted of a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) of numbers among which two targets (T1) a simple math task, and (T2) a single letter (A, S, D, or F) were to be identified. Two direct behavioral measures, T2 accuracy and T2 Response Time (RT) were used. Conscious perception was measured with the subjective Perceptual Awareness Scale (PAS). The expectations was to find a decline in T2 accuracy, and increase in RT over three memory storage lengths (150ms, 3000ms, 7000ms). There were 21 participants, 21-32 years of age, out of which 8 were female. Each of the memory storage lengths showed significant behavioral effects (p< .001), which indicates unconscious perception. However, the repeated measure ANOVA did not find any significant differences for the three memory storage lengths (p> .05) over time. Thus, it was concluded that subliminally encoded memory traces seem to be able to persist for at least 7000ms without end in sight. The result challenge the 500ms limit usually accepted, and thus there is reason to continue to trace subliminal memory traces.
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Huss, Niklas. "Real Time Ray Tracing." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-9207.
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Ray tracing has for a long time been used to create photo realistic images, but due to complex calculations done per pixel and slow hardware, the time to render a frame has been counted in hours or even days and this can be drawback if a change of a scene cannot be seen instantly. When ray tracing a frame takes less than a second to render we call it “real time ray tracing” or “interactive ray tracing” and many solutions have been developed and some involves distributing the computation to different computers interconnected in a very fast network (100 Mbit or higher). There are some drawbacks with this approach because most people do not have more than one computer and if they have, the computers are most likely not connected to each other. Since the hardware of today is fast enough to render a pretty complex image within minutes it should be possible to achieve real time ray tracing by combining many different methods that has been developed and reduce the render time. This work will examine what has to be sacrificed in image quality and complexity of static scenes, in order to achieve real time frame rate with ray tracing on a single computer. Some of the methods that will be covered in this work are frame optimizations, secondary rays optimization, hierarchies, culling, shadow caching, and sub sampling.
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Smith, Lionel D. "Tracing, property and restitution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295971.
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Rocha, Watt Dionea. "Tracing loss, touching absence." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2017. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2846/.
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This research considers an artist’s encounter with works of art that carry or evoke the affective traces of an experience of loss. Examining images, photographs and sculptural objects and installations that inscribe and in turn expose absence in presence, this research through writing as a practice simultaneously investigates and performs the work as a response to loss. The thesis proposes that the work of art evokes loss by materialising absence. The work of art, like the work of mourning, works by inscribing a trace of the affective experience – the absence of the presence of the other. It is through the affective materiality of the work of art that we come to sense loss; when confronted with, and wounded by, the inscription of absence and its powerful relation to time. Drawing on psychoanalytic theory, the study shows how loss can silence but also move us to create a new language when existing forms of representation fail to signify. Shifting between asignification and signification, the new poetic language carries an imprint of the body; it reconnects to affects to inscribe loss. In the languages of writing, photography and sculpture, I suggest, art attempts to give shape to what cannot be said, to what cannot be shown, to what resists representation. Through close readings of works by Felix Gonzalez-Torres and Louise Bourgeois, the thesis suggests that by resisting representation these artists create works in which textile materials indicate a fundamental encounter with a material sign that gives rise to affects. I analyse works in which fabric is infused with the trace of an absent other. The analysis of contemporary works rubs against the narratives of the origins of art in the ‘Corinthian Maid’ and in the history of prehistoric handprints on cave walls, both of which reveal the gesture of inscribing a presence that anticipates absence. The study draws on philosophy to consider that what is inscribed is not only the absence of a presence but existence; what is inscribed is the vestige or trace of a ‘passing through the world’. The research is generated by a transformative encounter with loss and with art that invites yet resists interpretation; an affective encounter through which what is other can touch, and what touches can be thought. Art, I suggest (after Deleuze), can move us to recover the creative potency of thought in order to inscribe the singularity of the encounter. To write through loss is to write what is impossible to represent and yet insists on being written.
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Galacz, Roman. "Photon tracing na GPU." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236175.
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Subject of this thesis is acceleration of the photon mapping method on a graphic card. The photon mapping is a method for computing almost realistic global illumination of the scene. The computation itself is relatively time-consuming, so the acceleration of it is a hot issue in the field of computer graphics. The photon mapping is described in detail from photon tracing to rendering of the scene. The thesis is then focused on spatial subdivision structures, especially to the uniform grid. The design and the implementation of the application computing the photon mapping on GPU, which is achieved by OpenGL and CUDA interoperability, is described in the next part of the thesis. Lastly, the application is tested properly. The achieved results are reviewed in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Quintana, James R. A. "Frequency Responsive Beam Tracing." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1462957979.
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Spjut, Josef Bo. "Efficient ray tracing architectures." Thesis, The University of Utah, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3727095.
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<p> This dissertation presents computer architecture designs that are efficient for ray tracing based rendering algorithms. The primary observation is that ray tracing maps better to independent thread issue hardware designs than it does to dependent thread and data designs used in most commercial architectures. While the independent thread issue causes extra overhead in the fetch and issue parts of the pipeline, the number of computation resources required can be reduced through the sharing of less frequently used execution units. Furthermore, since all the threads run a single program on multiple data (SPMD), thread processors can share instruction and data caches. Ray tracing needs read-only access to the scene data during each frame, so caches can be optimized for reading, and traditional cache coherence protocols are unnecessary for maintaining coherent memory access. The resultant image exists as a write only frame buffer, allowing memory writes to avoid the cache entirely, preventing cache pollution and increasing the performance of smaller caches. </p><p> Commercial real-time rendering systems lean heavily on high-performance graphics processing units (GPU) that use the rasterization and z-buffer algorithms for rendering. A single pass of rasterization throws out much of the global scene information by streaming the surface data that a ray tracer keeps resident in memory. As a result, ray tracing is more naturally able to support rendering effects involving global information, such as shadows, reflections, refractions and camera lens effects. Rasterization has a time complexity of approximately <i> O</i>(<i>N log</i>(<i>P</i>)) where <i>N</i> is the number of primitive polygons and <i>P</i> is the number of pixels in the image. Ray tracing, in contrast, has a time complexity of <i> O</i>(<i>P log</i>(<i>N</i>)) making ray tracing scale better to large scenes with many primitive polygons, allowing for increased surface detail. Finally, once the number of pixels reaches its limit, ray tracing should exceed the performance of rasterization by allowing the number of objects to increase with less of a penalty on performance.</p>
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Wenlöf, Emil. "Tracing Bolivia's Swing of the Pendulum : Tracing the process of popular resistance in Bolivia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100903.
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Policy regime shift through popular societal resistance in developing countries, advocating a state-regulated economic model, has been a frequent occurrence in the 21st century, during a period where neoliberalism has dominated the world market. Scholars have brought up the framework of double movement to explain these social, economic, and political changes from free-market regimes to state-controlled regimes, claiming that it is a societal reaction to the commodification of land, labor, and money. This research poses the question of how political change can be interpreted through the lens of the concept of double movement even though a government can show positive social and economic development records, where a left-wing state-regulated market has ruled the economy. Bolivia underwent political turmoil in 2019, where the former president Evo Morales, who had brought high socioeconomic development through a state-regulated economy, was ousted by a nationwide protest. An interim conservative government took office, imposing a harsh neoliberal agenda with authoritarian features, handing over the presidency to Morales’ former party only a year later, as the party won the election. Looking at the case of Bolivia through the lens of the double movement, this research found that commodification of land, labor, and money can explain popular societal resistance in Bolivia during Morales's presidency. However, the case also proved that commodification was not the only, and potentially not even the main, reason for the overthrow of Morales. Political motives and actions, clientelism, social cleavages, respect for democratic principles, and more theoretical perspectives need to be considered to comprehend regime change by popular resistance further.
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Meyer, Dutch T. "Storage system tracing and analysis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54694.
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File system studies are critical to the accurate configuration, design, and continued evolution of storage systems. However, surprisingly little has been published about the use and behaviour of file systems under live deployment. Most published file system studies are years old, or are extremely limited in size and scope. One reason for this deficiency is that studying clusters of storage systems operating at scale requires large data repositories that are difficult to collect, manage, and query. In effect, the demands introduced by performing detailed file system traces creates new and
interesting storage challenges in and of itself. This thesis describes a methodology to facilitate the collection, analysis, and publication of large traces of file system activity and structure so that organizations can perform regular analysis of their storage systems and retain that analysis to answer questions about their system's behaviour. To validate this methodology I investigate the use and performance of several large storage deployments. I consider the impact of the observed system usage and behaviour on file system design, and I describe the processes by which the collected traces can be efficiently processed and manipulated. I report on several examples of long standing incorrect assumptions, efficient engineering alternatives, and new opportunities in storage system design.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Computer Science, Department of<br>Graduate
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Trendall, Chris. "Ray tracing refraction in hardware." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/MQ49742.pdf.
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Hægland, Håkon. "Streamline tracing on irregular grids." Bergen : [H. Hægland] ; [Universitetet i Bergen], 2003. http://www.uib.no/people/fcihh/thesis/thesis.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Universitetet i Bergen, 2003<br>Hovedoppgave i matematikk - Universitetet i Bergen, 2003 II Title from document title page. Includes bibliographical references. Available in PDF format via the World Wide Web.
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Fox, David Murray. "Tracing money at common law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361717.
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Sundaram, Senthil Karthikeyan. "REQUIREMENTS TRACING USING INFORMATION RETRIEVAL." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/539.
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It is important to track how a requirement changes throughout the software lifecycle. Each requirement should be validated during and at the end of each phase of the software lifecycle. It is common to build traceability matrices to demonstrate that requirements are satisfied by the design. Traceability matrices are needed in various tasks in the software development process. Unfortunately, developers and designers do not always build traceability matrices or maintain traceability matrices to the proper level of detail. Therefore, traceability matrices are often built after-the-fact. The generation of traceability matrices is a time consuming, error prone, and mundane process. Most of the times, the traceability matrices are built manually. Consider the case where an analyst is tasked to trace a high level requirement document to a lower level requirement specification. The analyst may have to look through M x N elements, where M and N are the number of high and low level requirements, respectively. There are not many tools available to assist the analysts in tracing unstructured textual artifacts and the very few tools that are available require enormous pre-processing. The prime objective of this work was to dynamically generate traceability links for unstructured textual artifacts using information retrieval (IR) methods. Given a user query and a document collection, IR methods identify all the documents that match the query. A closer observation of the requirements tracing process reveals the fact that it can be stated as a recursive IR problem. The main goals of this work were to solve the requirements traceability problem using IR methods and to improve the accuracy of the traceability links generated while best utilizing the analysts time. This work looked into adopting different IR methods and using user feedback to improve the traceability links generated. It also applied wrinkles such as filtering to the original IR methods. It also analyzed using a voting mechanism to select the traceability links identified by different IR methods. Finally, the IR methods were evaluated using six datasets. The results showed that automating requirements tracing process using IR methods helped save analysts time and generate good quality traceability matrices.
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Beier, Kevin. "Viral Tracing of Neuronal Circuitry." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10241.
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To understand how the nervous system processes information, a map of the connections among neurons is essential. Viral transsynaptic transmission has gained popularity as a method for labeling neural circuits. In particular, the development of retrograde monosynaptic tracing vectors has enabled visualization of the pre-synaptic inputs onto defined sets of postsynaptic neurons. This system utilized the rabies virus (RABV), in which the glycoprotein gene in the virus was deleted, and re-supplied in trans. In order to build alternative, more flexible tracers, we made recombinant VSV genomes, first developing the use of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) for tracing neuronal connections. Viruses encoding several different fluorescent proteins were made, giving brilliantly labeled neurons, bright enough for live imaging and characterization of the detailed morphologies of cells. Expression was very rapid, facilitating identification of neurons both in vivo and in ex vivo applications. In addition, the use of an avian glycoprotein (ASLV-A) allowed specific targeting to cells expressing an avian glycoprotein receptor (TVA). This allowed monosynaptic tracing from defined starter cells. In order to alter the direction and cell type specificity of transmission, we then fitted VSV with a glycoprotein from one of multiple other viruses. Glycoproteins such as the rabies virus glycoprotein (RABV-G) endowed VSV with the ability to spread in a retrograde transsynaptic pattern, while the glycoproteins from viruses such as the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) gave an anterograde pattern of transsynaptic spread. This anterograde or retrograde spread was observed in all species tested, and even for other non-VSV viruses, such as lentiviruses. We also developed transsynaptic tracing viruses which direct viral spread between defined cell types, instead of from a defined cell type to any upstream of downstream cell. In all, we developed an extensive transsynaptic tracing repertoire for tracing neuronal connections.
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Çelebiler, Cem. "Traitor tracing through function sharing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38801.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1996.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 18-19).<br>by Cem Çelebiler.<br>M.Eng.
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Kukla, Michal. "Ray-tracing s knihovnou IPP." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237265.
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Master thesis is dealing with design and implementation of ray-tracing and path-tracing using IPP library. Theoretical part discusses current trends in acceleration of selected algorithms and also possibilities of parallelization. Design of ray-tracing and path-tracing algorithm and form of parallelization are described in proposal. This part also discusses implementation of adaptive sampling and importance sampling with Monte Carlo method to accelerate path-tracing algorithm. Next part is dealing with particular steps in implementation of selected rendering methods regarding IPP library. Implementation of network interface using Boost library is also discussed. At the end, implemented methods are subjected to performance and quality test. Final product of this thesis is server aplication capable of handling multiple connections which provides visualisation and client application which implements ray-tracing and path-tracing.
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Watson, Andre James. "Diffraction gratings in ray tracing." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1464665.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.<br>Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 7, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-67).
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McNeill, Michael D. J. "Ray tracing on multiprocessor systems." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357267.
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Kroeze, Jan Cornelis Willem. "Tracing rays the past, present and future of ray tracing performance / Jan Cornelis Willem Kroeze." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8525.
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The metrics used to compare the performance of various ray tracers in the literature are flawed because they are non-standard and depend on the hardware configuration of the specific system used to gather data. A different way of measuring the relative performance of ray tracing algorithms is proposed and tested across several hardware platforms using correlation co-efficient.<br>Thesis (M.Sc. (Computer Science) North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011
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Eggert, Sandy, and Corinna Fohrholz. "Was Anbieter im Bereich der innerbetrieblichen Logistik leisten." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4450/.
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In diesem Beitrag lesen Sie:
• was unter innerbetrieblicher Logistik verstanden werden kann,
• wie ERP- und PPS Systeme Funktionen der innerbetrieblichen Logistik
erfüllen,
• welche zukunftsorientierten Technologien durch diese Systeme unterstützt
werden.
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Polášek, Tomáš. "Hybridní raytracing v rozhraní DXR." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403161.
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The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the usability of hardware accelerated ray tracing in near-future rendering engines. Specifically, DirectX Ray Tracing API and Nvidia Turing architecture are being examined. Design and implementation of a hybrid rendering engine with support for hardware accelerated ray tracing is included and used in implementation of frequently used graphical effects -- hard and soft shadows, reflections, and Ambient Occlusion. The assessment is made in terms of difficulty of integration into a rendering engine, performance of the resulting system and suitability of implementation of chosen graphical effects. Performance parameters -- including number of rays cast per second, time to build acceleration structures and computation time on the GPU -- are tested and discussed.
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Löw, Joakim. "Ray Tracing Bézier Surfaces on GPU." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5476.
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<p>In this report, we show how to implement direct ray tracing of B´ezier surfaces on graphics processing units (GPUs), in particular bicubic rectangular Bézier surfaces and nonparametric cubic Bézier triangles. We use Newton’s method for the rectangular case and show how to use this method to find the ray-surface intersection. For Newton’s method to work we must build a spatial partitioning hierarchy around each surface patch, and in general, hierarchies are essential to speed up the process of ray tracing. We have chosen to use bounding box hierarchies and show how to implement stackless traversal of such a structure on a GPU. For the nonparametric triangular case, we show how to find the wanted intersection by simply solving a cubic polynomial. Because of the limited precision of current GPUs, we also propose a numerical approach to solve the problem, using a one-dimensional Newton search.</p>
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Hilbert, Stefan Johannes. "Ray-Tracing through the Millennium Simulation." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-85684.
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Karlsson, Magdalena, and Emilia Semberg. "Tracing probiotics in salami using PCR." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-157177.
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Starter cultures of different bacteria strains like lactic acid producing bacteria, Staphylococcus and Kocuria are used when making salami. Starter cultures give the sausage specific flavours and improve the quality and ripening of the final product. Probiotic strains can also be added during the production of salami. Studies have shown that probiotics are good for health and are therefore added to food, such as fermented sausages. In order to work as a probiotic strain, the bacteria have to survive during the production process, storage and through the whole human gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to trace the probiotic strains Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei in salami samples to see if they had survived the production process. Methods used were DNA extraction, PCR, colony PCR and gel electrophoresis. Out of 100 samples in duplicate run in PCR, probiotics were found in only 3 of them. To see if screening of probiotics directly from plates was possible, a colony PCR was done. Colony PCR was made on colonies of two different strains of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus sakei. From each bacteria strain, 5 colonies were analysed. Result showed that colony PCR, to screen for probiotic is a possible method.
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Chen, Jason. "A survey on Traitor Tracing Schemes." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1108.
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When intellectual properties are distributed over a broadcast network, the content is usually encrypted in a way such that only authorized users who have a certain set of keys, can decrypt the content. Some authorized users may be willing to disclose their keys in constructing a pirate decoder which allows illegitimate users to access the content. It is desirable to determine the source of the keys in a pirate decoder, once one is captured. Traitor tracing schemes were introduced to help solve this problem. A traitor tracing scheme usually consists of: a scheme to generate and distribute each user's personal key, a cryptosystem used to protect session keys that are used to encrypt/decrypt the actual content, and a tracing algorithm to determine one source of the keys in a pirate decoder. In this thesis, we survey the traitor tracing schemes that have been suggested. We group the schemes into two groups: <i>symmetric</i> in which the session key is encrypted and decrypted using the same key and <i>asymmetric</i> schemes in which the session key is encrypted and decrypted using different keys. We also explore the possibility of a truly public scheme in which the data supplier knows the encryption keys only. A uniform analysisis presented on the efficiency of these schemes using a set of performance parameters.
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Westwick, Harrison J. "Axon Tracing with Functionalized Paramagnetic Nanoparticles." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19810.
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It was hypothesized that superparamagnetic nanoparticles encapsulated in a silica shell with a fluorescent dye could be functionalized with axonal tracers and could be used for serial, non-invasive imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for axon tract tracing. Nanoparticles functionalized with amine, octadecyl, silica, and biotinylated dextran amine were manufactured and characterized with MRI, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-visible, infrared, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Nanoparticle concentrations of 10 mM were not toxic to adult rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and labeled approximately 90% of cells. Nanoparticles were assessed for anterograde and retrograde tract tracing in adult rat models. With MRI and microscopy, the nanoparticles did not appear to trace axons but did provide an MRI signal for up to 3 weeks post implantation. While functionalized nanoparticles did not appear to trace axons, they are not toxic to NPCs and may be used as a MRI contrast agent in the neural axis.
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Kimura, Ryota, and Ryota Kimura. "Accelerated Ray Tracing for Headlamp Simulation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626712.
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High speed ray tracing for a headlamp lens and advanced algorithms for ray analysis are investigated.
First, the basics of ray tracing, Algorithm to search intersection points between a ray and surfaces and refraction are reviewed, including intersection search for a ray with aspheric surfaces. A spherical surface, a plane surface, and a point cloud are reviewed as objects. Snell’s law is introduced from Fermat’s principle in 2D. Then, it extended to three dimensional spaces.
Second, photometry is reviewed for the post processing of ray tracing, due to the convolution effect of its area.
To accelerate ray tracing, the Nvidia GPU and CUDA platform of general purpose computing is evaluated in this study. Its architecture and memory architecture is unique. In addition, Mathematica is used in this study for file IO and graphic output with unique CUDA interface.
Then, the each ray tracing method is validated using a spherical lens, aspherical lens, and a headlamp lens. From the comparison, the double precision floating Nagata triangular patch method is best in accuracy. Acceleration of ray tracing using CUDA was successful having 2 times implement in 362 million rays traced, compared to commercially available ray trace packages under the same computing resources.
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Bezerianos, Anastasia. "Using projection to accelerate Ray Tracing." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62959.pdf.
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McCanna, Anju Sharma. "Ray tracing for constructive solid modeling /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10579.
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Hunt, Carol. "Re-tracing the archive - materialising memory." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634209.
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The primary interest of the thesis is in textiles and memory, its preservation and its capacity for communication both privately and publicly through cloth. Underpinning this concern is a concept of cloth that can be regarded as archival information; as a carrier of knowledge. Thus, each act of making and telling could bring historical, cultural and personal data into the public arena. Questions centre upon the value of textiles in our lives, on how they become prominent in recollection, and the extent to which textiles can stimulate remembering, not through the strategic mnemonics of national monuments and events, or the mnemonic device of the souvenir, but rather through unlooked for encounters with textiles, in their many and various guises and different sites of context, including the home, the Archive, the museum, the art gallery and virtual spaces. The enquiry focuses on the emergence of particular artworks which place the preservation of memory at their centre. The themes of 'archiving' memory and 'materialising' memory are explored with an analysis of artists' works that use textile media in their visual practice to explore issues relating to individual and collective memory. Examples range from Christian Boltanski and Louise Bourgeois to the less well known contemporary artists Seamus McGuiness, Alison Bartlett, Alicia Felberbaum and Lee Mingwei. The textile arts provide the framework for reflection and critical engagement with cloth.
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Crownshaw, Richard Steven. "Tracing Holocaust memory in American culture." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324205.
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This doctoral thesis examines literary representations of the Holocaust by Saul Bellow, Thomas Pynchon and Paul Auster, and maps the relation between memory and narrative elicited from literature onto American museums, memorials and monuments. This research argues that the ramifications of the trauma originally felt by Holocaust witnesses resonate in the American collective memory, and its literary and architectural forms, that seeks to remember on behalf of those witnesses. The consequent traumatic disruption of literary and architectural narratives can be identified, using various appropriated psychoanalytical concepts, and Holocaust memory traced as it eludes, and irrupts in, the cultural forms that try to remember it. Establishing the dynamics of collective memory allows the cultural significance of Holocaust remembrance to be investigated, especially in relation to the memories and ethnic identities of survivors that are subsumed by an Americanised version of the past. By way of a conclusion, although this thesis points to the problematisation of historical representation, it also challenges notions of the Holocaust's unrepresentability common to much postmodern thought. It searches for a methodology of memorialisation or at least identifies where blocks to mourning could be removed from the American cultural landscape.
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Abdelsabor, Sohier Goma. "Ray tracing for computer synthesized images." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539621.
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Ray tracing is a very powerful yet simple approach to image synthesis. It has generated some of the most realistic scenes to date. A comparative study of classical ray tracing, ray tracing with cones, and distributed ray tracing is made.The ray tracing techniques, classical ray tracing, ray tracing with cones, and distributed ray tracing, are explained, their differences are emphasized, and their approaches to modeling various lighting effects are explained and compared.<br>Department of Computer Science
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Aughey, Arthur. "Tracing arguments in Conservatism and Unionism." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260969.
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Lebovitz, Marc A. (Marc Adam) 1975. "A prediction model for ray tracing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80095.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, June 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 86).<br>by Marc A. Lebovitz.<br>M.Eng.
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Rosen, Jurij [Verfasser]. "Genetisches Tracing septohippocampaler Projektionen / Jurij Rosen." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077271336/34.
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McGinley, Susan. "Detective Work in Tracing Animal Disease." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622369.
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Hebert, Marie-Pierre. "A multiprocessor architecture for ray tracing." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302731.
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