Relevant bibliographies by topics / Track and field events

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Track and field events'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Track and field events"

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Pendergraph, Bernadette, Belinda Ko, James Zamora, and Evan Bass. "Medical Coverage for Track and Field Events." Current Sports Medicine Reports 4, no. 3 (June 2005): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.csmr.0000306198.59617.3d.

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O'Connor, Helen, Tim Olds, and Ronald J. Maughan. "Physique and performance for track and field events." Journal of Sports Sciences 25, sup1 (December 2007): S49—S60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640410701607296.

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MIYAMOTO, Toshikazu, Hideo KOBAYASI, Hidetoshi MORI, Keishi YOSHIKAWA, Kazushi NISHIJO, Tetsuya KURODA, Tetsuo HOSOKAWA, and Takeshi TOMIYASU. "Acupuncture for sports disorders in track and field events." Zen Nihon Shinkyu Gakkai zasshi (Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) 37, no. 2 (1987): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3777/jjsam.37.111.

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Schweigert, Doug. "NDSU Womenʼs Track and Field Strength Program: Power Events." STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL 18, no. 1 (1996): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/1073-6840(1996)018<0052:nwstaf>2.3.co;2.

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McDermott, Art. "TRACK AND FIELD: Plyometric training for the throwing events." National Strength & Conditioning Association Journal 8, no. 4 (1986): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/0744-0049(1986)008<0052:ptftte>2.3.co;2.

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Deli, Chariklia K., Vassilis Paschalis, Anastasios A. Theodorou, Michalis G. Nikolaidis, Athanasios Z. Jamurtas, and Yiannis Koutedakis. "Isokinetic Knee Joint Evaluation in Track and Field Events." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 25, no. 9 (September 2011): 2528–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182023a7a.

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Fung, Lena, and Amy Ha. "Changes in Track and Field Performance with Chronological Aging." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 38, no. 2 (March 1994): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ev2r-nffv-q430-58xf.

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Use of existing records to study performance decline with age has been recommended by several writers. This investigation attempts to identify one running, jumping, and throwing event whose performance was most affected by age. Results indicated that the 400 meter run and the long jump events were most affected by advancing age among both male and female master athletes whereas in the area of throws, the event most affected was the javelin for men and the discus for women.
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KULINICH, P. "NOVEL STRING BANANA TEMPLATE METHOD OF TRACK RECONSTRUCTION FOR HIGH MULTIPLICITY EVENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT MULTIPLE SCATTERING." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 16 (June 30, 2005): 3883–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05027886.

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Novel String Banana Template Method (SBTM) for track reconstruction in high multiplicity events in non-uniform magnetic field spectrometer with emphasis on the lowest momenta tracks with significant Multiple Scattering (MS) is described. Two steps model of track with additional parameter/s which takes into account MS for this particular track is introduced. SBTM is time efficient and demonstrates better resolutions than another method equivalent to the Least Squares method (LSM).
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Symons, Robert D. "Event-Specific Exercises for Speed and Jump Related Events in Track & Field." STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL 18, no. 3 (1996): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/1073-6840(1996)018<0064:esefsa>2.3.co;2.

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Casa, Douglas J., Samuel N. Cheuvront, Stuart D. Galloway, and Susan M. Shirreffs. "Fluid Needs for Training, Competition, and Recovery in Track-and-Field Athletes." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 29, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0374.

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The 2019 International Amateur Athletics Federation Track-and-Field World Championships will take place in Qatar in the Middle East. The 2020 Summer Olympics will take place in Tokyo, Japan. It is quite likely that these events may set the record for hottest competitions in the recorded history of both the Track-and-Field World Championships and Olympic Games. Given the extreme heat in which track-and-field athletes will need to train and compete for these games, the importance of hydration is amplified more than in previous years. The diverse nature of track-and-field events, training programs, and individuality of athletes taking part inevitably means that fluid needs will be highly variable. Track-and-field events can be classified as low, moderate, or high risk for dehydration based on typical training and competition scenarios, fluid availability, and anticipated sweat losses. This paper reviews the risks of dehydration and potential consequences to performance in track-and-field events. The authors also discuss strategies for mitigating the risk of dehydration.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Track and field events"

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Horrell, La Tishia. "Comparison of intercollegiate athletes motivational and cognitive imagery use by division and events in track and field early in the season." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1266029.

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Bazyler, Caleb. "Tapering for Strength-Power Individual Event and Team Sport Athletes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3089.

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The overall purpose of this dissertation was to address mechanistic and performance changes following a peaking phase in individual event and team sport strength-power athletes. This purpose was addressed by conducting 4 separate investigations with track and field athletes, volleyball athletes, and a national level weightlifter. The following are the primary findings from these investigations. Division I collegiate throwers increased competition throwing performance, jumping performance, and preserved muscle architecture characteristics following an overreach and taper. There were moderate decreases in division I female collegiate volleyball athlete’s vastus lateralis muscle thickness with no statistical changes in jumping performance following a taper with no prior overreach in. There were moderate to very large differences in countermovement jump height supercompensation during the peaking phase in favor of the returners over the new players on a similar team of female volleyball athletes. Changes in serum concentrations of inflammatory, hypertrophic and endocrine markers corresponded with alterations in training volume-load and partially explained changes in jump, dynamic mid-thigh pull, and weightlifting performance following multiple competition phases in a national level weightlifter. Additionally, vastus lateralis cross-sectional area can be maintained following a competition phase in a high level weightlifter provided large changes in body mass are not attempted close to competition. The findings of these investigations support the use of overreach and tapering for strength-power athletes and provide an underlying biochemical, morphological, and biomechanical basis for the observed changes in performance.
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Burkhart, Brian. "The influence of life stress on athletic performance and occurrence of injury among intercollegiate track and field throwing event athletes." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115742.

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The primary purpose of this study was to determine if life stress had any affect on athletic performance and the occurrence of injury. The athletes in this study ranged in age from 17 to 22, and all had the potential and ability to practice and compete at the Division I level in track and field. The goal of the researcher was to collect as much information as possible on each athlete. Each athlete was required to write in a daily journal. A standard set of questions were asked in interviews prior to competition and following competition. Each athlete completed two types of scales prior to competition as well: Everyday Problem Scale (EPS) and Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT). Through this information five common trends emerged: injury with treatment, external distractions, a higher performance was perceived if their family and friends were present at competition, teammate support, and teammate frustration.The researcher believed there was sufficient evidence to dismiss the comparison between the five common trends and the scores of the SCAT and EPS. The SCAT scores were mainly at the moderate level. The average score among all the athletes was approximately "19" or moderate. The EPS dealt with life stress and not athletic stress.The most frequently cited concern by the athletes were financial problems, difficulties with a girlfriend, wanting a relationship with someone, and so forth, but none were consistently cited.The perception of the stressor was an important factor in this study since the athletes perceived each competition either as distressful or eustressful. Depending on how much the athlete perceived each competition as a stressor may have effected his performance. Few stressors were identified but depending on the competition the athlete may have focused so much on the stressor that it became distressful while at another competition the same stressor was not focused on as much so it was viewed as eustressful.
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Kerdokaitė, Kristina. "Skirtingų lengvosios atletikos rungčių traumų pobūdis, dažnis ir taikomas gydymas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060515_091614-24720.

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The purpose of work is to determine the character and frequency of traumas encountered in different events of track-and-field athletics, and the influence of physical therapy on decrease of traumas. In order to achieve the goal, we have implemented the tasks, i.e. we determined the character of traumas usually encountered in track-and-field athletics, as well as the traumas suffered by men and women. We determined the frequency of sport traumas, according to the sport experience. We determined the character and localization of traumas, according to the events of track-and-field athletics, as well as the most common treatment methods in case of sport traumas. We learnt whether the physical therapy has the influence on the rise of repeated traumas. While writing the work, we referred to the hypothesis that the character and frequency of traumas depends on the specificity of events of track-and-field athletics, and studied whether the number of traumas decreases if the physical therapy is applied. The work used the following research methods: analysis of scientific literature, oral questionnaires-interview, analysis of the content of documents (data of medical cards). After the research had been made and the results compared to the other authors, we reached the conclusion that the character and localization of the traumas depends on the event of track-and-field event. The lesion encountered the most often is the strain, and the rarest one is abrasion and fatigue fractures... [to full text]
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Bollschweiler, Laurence R. "A Biomechanical Analysis of Male and Female Intermediate Hurdlers and Steeplechasers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1233.

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In the sport of track and field, proper hurdling technique is a complicated combination of various running and jumping kinematics. With most research having been done on sprint hurdling, there is a growing need for research on hurdling events of different lengths. The intermediate hurdles (IH) and the steeplechase (SC) are two events where there are a number of differences in hurdling technique. This study compared the differences in hurdling technique between events (IH and SC) as well as the differences in technique between genders. Subjects for this study consisted of 20 elite intermediate hurdlers (10 male, 10 female) and 20 elite steeplechasers (10 male, 10 female). Subjects were filmed performing their respective events at the 2006 USA Outdoor Track and Field National Championships. A 2-D analysis was performed on each subject to determine differences between events and genders for the following variables: loss of horizontal velocity, peak center of mass relative to hurdle height, horizontal position at peak center of mass, deviation angle at takeoff, hurdle step length, penultimate, and recovery step lengths, takeoff and landing distance, minimum lead leg hip angle, trail leg knee height relative to the hip at peak height, trunk angle at peak height, landing angle, and finally, the ratio of the recovery step to the penultimate step. Significant differences (p < .05) were observed in 11 of the 13 variables analyzed. Steeplechasers showed significantly higher values than hurdlers in deviation angle, landing angle, minimum lead leg hip angle, peak height over the barrier, takeoff and landing distances, as well as penultimate, hurdle and recovery step lengths. Trail leg knee height was shown to be higher for hurdlers. Also, female steeplechasers were shown to have a greater trunk angle and loss of horizontal velocity than female hurdlers. Females showed higher values than males in deviation angle, landing angle, minimum lead leg hip angle, and peak height over the barrier. Landing distance, hurdle step length and trail leg knee height were higher for males. Also, female steeplechasers had a longer penultimate step length than males. Several differences in hurdling technique exist between events and gender. Hurdlers appear to place more emphasis on the kinematics which helps to promote a low center of mass hurdle clearance. Steeplechasers, on the other hand, are less pronounced with their hurdling kinematics. This is likely due to the greater economy required of the longer event. Gender differences appear to be, in large part, a function of differences in barrier height. As athletes and coaches go about evaluating and training hurdling technique, it is important to recognize the differences that exist between these different events.
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Powell, Raymond Brown E. R. "Predicting field performance on the NCAT pavement test track." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Dissertations/POWELL_RAYMOND_1.pdf.

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Benson, Marni J. "Nutrient intake in female collegiate track and field athletes." Connect to online version, 2009. http://www.oregonpdf.org/search-results.cfm?crit=catid&searchString=HE+905.

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Nadavulakere, Shivasharan S. "International film festivals as field-configuring events." Thesis, City University London, 2008. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8591/.

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Studies examining the issue of organizational field evolution, especially on cultural field's, have found that some events shape the process by acting as 'purveyors of legitimacy' (Anand and Peterson, 2000). However, no research is forthcoming on events such as international film festivals that serve a similar function. A new theoretical framework - field-configuring events (FCEs) by Lampel' and Meyer (2008) seeks to rectify the lack of attention paid to 'events' by organization scientists. . Adopting their framework, my research explicates one such event in cultural industries, particularly the global film in9ustry - international filin festival. Towards that end, my PhD thesis spawns four papers - one conceptual and three empirical papers. First, I articulate international film festivals as field-configuring events, and identify some of their key characteristics: spatial embededness, temporal recurrence, programming, premiership, juried competition, film markets, side bars, and accreditation. Second, I examine the organization, strategy, and performance of international film festivals. I propose that a prototypical international film festival is a competition of 'films, and its perfonnance is dependent on two resource streams: reputation of nominated films/film makers, and reputation of members of the jury panel. Third, I explicate the macro linkages between an FCE and national film institutions such as BFI through a process known as retrospective consecration. I propose that international film festivals such as Cannes, Venice, and Berlin directly impact BFI's efforts of anointing the best British films of the 20th century or 'BFI Top Ido'. Finally, I focus on the micro linkages between international film festivals and BFI choices, particularly focusing on how the. choices emerge from a voting college. The BFI's 'Top 100' voting college consists of three groups of respondents or 'cultural hierarchies' - experts, peers, and the public, and I propose that international film festivals represent a fonn of critical recognition and shape expert choices.
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O’Neil, Kason M., and Jennifer M. Krause. "The Sport Education Model: A Track and Field Unit Application." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4051.

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Track and field is a traditional instructional unit often taught in secondary physical education settings due to its history, variety of events, and potential for student interest. This article provides an approach to teaching this unit using the sport education model (SEM) of instruction, which has traditionally been presented as a model for team and dual sports. The application of the SEM to this individual sport provides teachers with an opportunity to provide their students with an authentic, engaging and festive environment in which to learn a sport that has been around for centuries.
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Bollschweiler, Laurence R. "A biomechanical analysis of male and female intermediate hurdlers and steeplechasers /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2254.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Track and field events"

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Field events. London: Carlton, 2011.

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Federation, British Athletic, ed. How to judge field events. Birmingham: BritishAthletic Federation, 1996.

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Ken, Shannon, and Kluetmeier Heinz ill, eds. Sports illustrated track: The field events. Lanham, MD: Sports Illustrated, 1999.

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Labanowich, Stan. Wheelchair track events. Mankato, Minn: RiverFront Books, 1998.

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Lambert, Rodney A. Taking the mystery out of track & field: Parallel charts for track & field events. Wilmington, Del: Flashback Enterprises, 1997.

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Page, Jason. Sprints, hurdles, and other track events. New York: Crabtree Pub. Co., 2008.

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Judge, Larry. The Complete track and field coaches' guide to conditioning for the throwing events. Monterey, CA: Coaches Choice, 2008.

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Judge, Larry. The Complete track and field coaches' guide to conditioning for the throwing events. Monterey, CA: Coaches Choice, 2008.

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Judge, Larry. The Complete track and field coaches' guide to conditioning for the throwing events. Monterey, CA: Coaches Choice, 2008.

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Track & field coach's survival guide: Practical techniques and materials for building an effective program and success in every event. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Parker Pub. Co., 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Track and field events"

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McLaren, Duncan, Quentin Mackie, and Daryl Fedje. "Experimental Re-creation of the Depositional Context in Which Late Pleistocene Tracks Were Found on the Pacific Coast of Canada." In Reading Prehistoric Human Tracks, 91–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60406-6_5.

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AbstractTo better understand the depositional context of Late Pleistocene human tracks found at archaeology site EjTa-4 on Calvert Island, on the Pacific Coast of Canada, we present here the results of an experiment designed to recreate the conditions by which these tracks were formed, preserved and then revealed through excavation. Based on radiocarbon ages on small twigs and the analysis of sediments and microfossils, the interpretation of the site formation processes relate that the tracks were impressed into a clayey soil substrate just above the high tide line between 13,317 and 12,633 calBP. The features were subsequently encapsulated by black sand, which washed over the tracks from the nearby intertidal zone during a storm event. To test this interpretation, we enlisted the aid of high school student volunteers to recreate the conditions by which the tracks were formed. A clayey substrate was prepared in a laboratory setting at the University of Victoria and a few plant macrofossils were placed on top it. This was followed by having the students create tracks in the clay, which were then covered with a layer of sand. Upon excavation of these experimental tracks, we found that they had a very similar character to those found in the field, including the pressing of macrofossils into the clay by the weight of the track maker. These results support the interpretation and chronological assessment of the depositional events that occurred during late Pleistocene times at archaeology site EjTa-4.
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Downing, Taylor. "Track and Field." In Olympia, 79–94. London: British Film Institute, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84457-582-4_7.

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Thing, James, and Volker Scheer. "Track and Field." In Sports-related Fractures, Dislocations and Trauma, 955–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_73.

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Scott, Kendall. "Events, Actions, and Activities." In Fast Track UML 2.0, 67–89. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-0720-7_6.

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Zempe, Eric D. "Track and Field Injuries." In Epidemiology of Pediatric Sports Injuries, 138–51. Basel: KARGER, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084287.

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Schulenkorf, Nico, Katie Schlenker, Hussain Rammal, Jon Welty Peachey, and Ashlee Morgan. "A new social field." In Managing and Leveraging Events, 131–48. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003002772-12.

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Ravitz, Jeff, and James L. Moody. "Depth of Field." In Lighting for Televised Live Events, 75–79. First edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429288982-11.

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Zhai, Wanming. "Field Test on Vehicle–Track Coupled System Dynamics." In Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics, 231–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9283-3_5.

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Weise, K. "Injuries in Track and Field Athletics." In Die Chirurgie und ihre Spezialgebiete Eine Symbiose, 456–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95662-1_200.

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Kijowski, Richard, and Michael J. Tuite. "Imaging of Track and Field Injuries." In Imaging in Sports-Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries, 623–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14307-1_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Track and field events"

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Zhang, Zhigang. "Development of the lap-counter software in track and field events." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csss.2011.5972130.

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Najikovsky, Boris, Kevin Kesler, and Jeffrey Stevens. "Real Time Monitoring of Vehicle/Track Interaction." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80805.

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ENSCO, Inc. has developed the next generation of real time Vehicle Track Interaction (V/TI) Monitoring system. The system provides continuous measurement of car body, truck motions and axle impacts. Software detects various acceleration events, tag them with GPS time and location information, and deliver the data to a central processing system through the latest Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) wireless communication network. Upon delivery, the information is automatically tagged with milepost and subdivision or other geographic reference and loaded into an enterprise database management system. The data is available in near real time via the web on maps of the track and track infrastructure where users have the option of generating tabular reports or viewing the actual waveform of the acceleration event. In addition, the system offers real time pager and email notifications of predefined user events. This system automatically provides real time monitoring and detection of track profile and alignment problems, battered joints, rail-end mismatch, misaligned switches and damaged frogs. The information generated by this system helps railroads prioritize maintenance for these track anomalies that can cause equipment or lading damage. The location information picked up by the system allows railroads to navigate back to the track areas for follow up remedial actions or enhance track maintenance planning decisions. There are over 60 systems in operation on passenger and freight railroads. This paper will address the technology behind the monitoring, the events detected in the field, and how the system can be used to supplement traditional track inspection technologies.
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Cai, Xiaolang. "Research on Coordination Ability of Special Actions of Track and Field Jumping Events Based on Signal Autocorrelation." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Materials Engineering and Information Technology Applications (MEITA 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/meita-16.2017.57.

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Wan, Caigui. "The Testing Methods Research on Athletes Nutrition and Supplement of Anaerobic Endurance Track and Field Events Based on Wireless Scanning Technology." In 2017 5th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology (ICMMCT 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmct-17.2017.130.

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Kpogo-Nuwoklo, Komlan A., Michel Olagnon, and Zakoua Guédé. "Wave Spectra Partitioning and Identification of Wind Sea and Swell Events." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24689.

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Wave spectra often exhibit several peaks due to the coexistence of wind sea generated by local wind conditions and swells originating from distant weather systems. For an accurate description of sea states, those spectra can be partitioned and the partitions can be interpreted physically as representing independent wave systems. Furthermore, partitions can be associated in time to track the evolutions of wave systems originating from the same meteorological event (storm, depression, etc). This paper proposes a new method to identify temporal sequences of wave systems parameters, consistent with respect to the meteorological events that are the sources of the phenomena. This method, as many conventional partitioning ones, is based on the watershed algorithm which is however directly applied in our case to the whole time-history of wave spectra. Using appropriate criteria, the identified events are classified into swell or wind sea events. Field data from West Africa are used to illustrate the method and the results are compared with those of conventional software. Hindcast data from the Iroise Sea are also used to validate the proposed method and the results show a good identification of wave systems events with a good correlation between wind sea events and wind characteristics.
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Ren, Jin-suo, and Wen-zhong Li. "Development Strategy and Countermeasure of Capital College and University in High-Level Track and Field Event." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5999247.

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Zhu, Na, and Sean Wu. "Track and Trace Multiple Incoherent Sound Sources in 3D Space in Real Time." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-13181.

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This paper presents a methodology for tracking and tracing multiple incoherent sound sources in 3D space in real time. A salient feature of this methodology is its capability of handling all types of sound signals, including broadband, narrowband, continuous, impulsive, and tonal (sinusoidal) sounds over the audible frequency range (20 to 20,000 Hz). Locations of sound sources are indicated in terms of the Cartesian coordinates in real time. The target sources are viewed through an automatic tracking camera covering 350 degree solid angle. The hardware includes four microphones, a thermometer, a webcam, a five-channel signal conditioner and a laptop. Thus, the system can be made light, portable, easy to setup and use and inexpensive. The underlying algorithm is a hybrid approach consisting of modeling of sound radiation from a point source in a free field, triangulation and signal processing techniques. To acquire better understanding of the performance of the device, numerical simulations are conducted to study the impacts of signal noise ratio, microphone spacing, source distance and frequency on the spatial resolution and accuracy of the results. Experiments are carried out to validate results over a wide variety of real-world sound signals such as helicopter noise, human conversations, truck pass-by noise, gun shots, impact sounds, clapping, coughing, etc. Satisfactory results are obtained in most cases, even when a source is behind the measurement microphones.
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Grey, Stephen, and Ye Liu. "A Probabilistic Approach to Tropical Cyclone Modelling." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96245.

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Abstract Tropical cyclones are highly variable and, in many areas of the world, are the main cause of extreme wind and associated waves, surge and current conditions. At a given location, cyclones that cause a significant impact are relatively rare but severe events, which means that the number of historical events for which data are available is often quite small. In addition, the effects, particularly surge, can be relatively localized and affected by the local bathymetry and topography. This causes considerable difficulty in making quantitative predictions of extreme events for design of offshore or coastal structures in areas affected by tropical cyclones. A new probabilistic method has been developed to increase the sample of tropical cyclones by producing 10,000 years of synthetic cyclone tracks with a range of paths, intensities and sizes based on Hall and Jewson [1] and Casson and Coles [2]. From this set of synthetic tracks, those tropical cyclones most likely to affect the site of interest are modelled using time-varying wind fields based on the Holland model [3] with surge, current and waves then modelled using the hydrodynamic model TELEMAC-2D coupled to the SWAN wave model. As it is impractical to model 10,000 years of tropical cyclones, a Gaussian process emulator is employed to relate the resultant conditions to parameters defining the cyclones, such as track position, heading, intensity and radius to maximum wind. The result is a synthesized 10,000 years of cyclone events from which design conditions for a range of return periods can be predicted with a greater degree of certainty than by extrapolating from historical events.
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Canga Ruiz, Alvaro E., Matthew V. Csenge, J. Riley Edwards, Yu Qian, and Marcus S. Dersch. "Quantification of Rail Displacements Under Light Rail Transit Field Loading Conditions." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2277.

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While timber crossties are widely used in North America, the popularity of concrete crossties has increased significantly in recent years. Concrete crossties require the use of premium elastic fastening systems to have a proper and stable system. The primary role of fastening system is to attach the rail to its support preserving track geometry. For this reason, past research has focused on its development and behavior. Even though a large amount of research has been conducted on heavy-haul freight railroad systems, little work has been conducted to focus on rail transit systems. Therefore, a field analysis of the behavior of fastening systems under rail transit system loading conditions has been executed, focusing on light rail transit loading conditions. To perform this study, revenue service field data were collected on a light rail transit system. The instrumentation used and how it was installed on site are described in this paper. The critical quantitative metric discussed in this study is the relative displacement of the rail with respect to the concrete crosstie. Analyzing vertical and horizontal displacements, as well as rotation, the performance of the fastening system can be evaluated. For this purpose, different sites on the same rail system were selected for study, comparing both curve and tangent track geometry. In addition to this, the movement of the rail under every axle of the light rail vehicle has been studied in detail. In summary, an analysis of how the rail performs in terms of displacement under light rail transit loading conditions has been completed. Based on field data, the analysis allows the reader to understand how the rail displaces under the given loads when it is installed in a ballasted concrete crosstie track and restrained by elastic fastening systems.
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Hopkins, Brad M., Andrew Seidel, Dan Maraini, and Parham Shahidi. "End-of-Car Device Condition Monitoring With Onboard Sensors." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5655.

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Draft gears and cushioning devices absorb energy during relative motion between two coupled railcars. This may occur in the form of buff and draft forces during over-the-track operation or impact forces during a coupling event in a switching yard. During such events, the end-of-car device absorbs energy that would otherwise be transmitted and possibly cause damage to the car body and/or lading. Health and performance of the end-of-car device is therefore of concern to shippers and car owners. Damaged cushioning units may be identified by visual inspection if the device is leaking hydraulic fluid or by a unit condition indicator, but may not be noticed until damage has been caused to the car and/or lading. This paper presents the results of a study on the detection of a faulty end-of-car cushioning unit. A boxcar with 15 inch travel cushioning units installed on both ends was deployed for field service. The draft systems were inspected prior to the car being deployed, and although both ends of the car initially showed some signs of wear, there was evidence of heavier wear as well as signs of leaking on the B-end cushioning unit. The goal of the field trial was to determine whether or not the B-end of the car would produce higher magnitude acceleration events than the A-end during revenue service. Three wireless onboard monitoring systems, each with GPS and an accelerometer, were used to determine car location and measure car body accelerations. High car body accelerations were recorded and studied for a three month period of time. The results show that the onboard monitoring systems successfully detected more frequent and higher magnitude acceleration events on the B-end of the car.
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Reports on the topic "Track and field events"

1

MicroBooNE. Proton Track Identication in MicroBooNE Simulation for Neutral Current Elastic Events. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1573051.

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Niczyporuk, Bogdan. Track Fitting in an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/954194.

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O'Sullivan, P. B. Timing of tectonic events on the North Slope of Alaska by apatite fission track analysis, and a comparison between these tectonic events and the offshore sedimentary record. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1479.

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Cholia, Shreyas, Charuleka Varadharajan, and Gilberto Pastorello. Integrating Models with Real-time Field Data for Extreme Events: From Field Sensors to Models and Back with AI in the Loop. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1769727.

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Kottke, Thomas. A Method for Utilizing Commercially Available Sensors to Investigate Magnetic Field Perturbations Associated with Ballistic Events. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada548690.

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Fall, Kelsey, David Perkey, Zachary Tyler, and Timothy Welp. Field measurement and monitoring of hydrodynamic and suspended sediment within the Seven Mile Island Innovation Laboratory, New Jersey. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40980.

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The Seven Mile Island Innovation Laboratory (SMIIL) was launched in 2019 to evaluate beneficial use of dredge material management practices in coastal New Jersey. As part of that effort, the Philadelphia District requested that the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, collect data to characterize the hydrodynamics and turbidity within the central portions of the SMIIL prior to and during dredge material placement. Pre-dredge monitoring found that apart from punctuated wind events, the study area waters were generally calm and clear with small waves, <0.25 m, slow current speeds (~0.1 m/s), low turbidity (~10 ntus), and low suspended sediment concentrations (~10–20 mg/L). In March 2020, 2,475 m³ of dredged sediment was placed on the northern portion of Sturgeon Island within the SMIIL. Turbidity in the waters surrounding the island was monitored to quantify extent of the sediment plume resulting from the placement. Observations found little to no turbidity plume associated with the dredging operations beyond 20 m from the island and that the plume was largely limited to areas near a tidal creek draining the placement area. Additionally, turbidity levels quickly returned to background conditions at times when the dredge was not in operation.
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Singhvi, Punit, Javier García Mainieri, Hasan Ozer, and Brajendra Sharma. Rheology-Chemical Based Procedure to Evaluate Additives/Modifiers Used in Asphalt Binders for Performance Enhancements: Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-020.

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The increased use of softer binders in Illinois over the past decade is primarily attributed to the increased use of recycled materials in asphalt pavement construction. The shift in demand of using PG 58-28 over PG 64-22 has resulted in potential alternative methods to produce softer binders more economically using proprietary products. However, there are challenges in using these proprietary products for asphalt modification because of uncertainty in their long-term performance and significant variability in binder chemistry. The current SuperPave performance grading specification for asphalt binders is insufficient in differentiating binders produced from these modifiers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of various softener-type asphalt binder modifiers using a wide array of rheological and chemistry tests for their integration into the Illinois Department of Transportation’s material specifications. The small-strain rheological tests and their parameters allowed for consistent grouping of modified binders and can be used as surrogates to identify performing and nonperforming asphalt binders. A new parameter, Δ|G*|peak τ, was developed from the linear amplitude sweep test and showed potential to discriminate binders based on their large-strain behavior. Chemistry-based parameters were shown to track aging and formulation changes. The modifier sources were identified using fingerprint testing and were manifested in the modified binder chemical and compositional characteristics. The two sources of base binders blended with the modifiers governed the aging rate of the modified binders. Mixture performance testing using the Illinois Flexibility Index Test and the Hamburg Wheel-Track Test were consistent with the rheological and chemical findings, except for the glycol amine-based modified binder, which showed the worst cracking performance with the lowest flexibility index among the studied modifiers. This was contrary to its superior rheological performance, which may be attributed to lower thermal stability, resulting in high mass loss during mixing. According to the characterization of field-aged binders, laboratory aging of two pressurized aging vessel cycles or more may represent realistic field aging of 10 to 15 years at the pavement surface and is able to distinguish modified binders. Therefore, an extended aging method of two pressurized aging vessel cycles was recommended for modified binders. Two different testing suites were recommended for product approval protocol with preliminary thresholds for acceptable performance validated with field-aged data.
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Pradeep Kumar, Kaavya. Reporting in a Warming World: A Media Review. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/rwwmr08.2021.

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The media plays a critical role in terms of shaping public perceptions, but they have a task on their hands in terms of effectively communicating a subject as vast and complex as climate change. India is among the countries most affected and yet reporting on the subject has been episodic, with peaks around the time of climate summits and in the immediate aftermath of disasters such as cyclones, heatwaves and extreme rainfall events. Through a media review, undertaken as part of the Earth Journalism Network Asia-Pacific Media Grant, we sought to understand patterns of representation in news coverage about urban drought and extreme weather events – predicted to occur more frequently and intensely in a warming world. This report details the methodology we followed, our findings and analyses them in the context of other work done as part of the evolving field of climate change communication.
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Petrie, John, Yan Qi, Mark Cornwell, Md Al Adib Sarker, Pranesh Biswas, Sen Du, and Xianming Shi. Design of Living Barriers to Reduce the Impacts of Snowdrifts on Illinois Freeways. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-019.

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Blowing snow accounts for a large part of Illinois Department of Transportation’s total winter maintenance expenditures. This project aims to develop recommendations on the design and placement of living snow fences (LSFs) to minimize snowdrift on Illinois highways. The research team examined historical IDOT data for resource expenditures, conducted a literature review and survey of northern agencies, developed and validated a numerical model, field tested selected LSFs, and used a model to assist LSF design. Field testing revealed that the proper snow fence setback distance should consider the local prevailing winter weather conditions, and snow fences within the right-of-way could still be beneficial to agencies. A series of numerical simulations of flow around porous fences were performed using Flow-3D, a computational fluid dynamics software. The results of the simulations of the validated model were employed to develop design guidelines for siting LSFs on flat terrain and for those with mild slopes (< 15° from horizontal). Guidance is provided for determining fence setback, wind characteristics, fence orientation, as well as fence height and porosity. Fences comprised of multiple rows are also addressed. For sites with embankments with steeper slopes, guidelines are provided that include a fence at the base and one or more fence on the embankment. The design procedure can use the available right-of-way at a site to determine the appropriate fence characteristics (e.g., height and porosity) to prevent snow deposition on the road. The procedure developed in this work provides an alternative that uses available setback to design the fence. This approach does not consider snow transport over an entire season and may be less effective in years with several large snowfall events, very large single events, or a sequence of small events with little snowmelt in between. However, this procedure is expected to be effective for more frequent snowfall events such as those that occurred over the field-monitoring period. Recommendations were made to facilitate the implementation of research results by IDOT. The recommendations include a proposed process flow for establishing LSFs for Illinois highways, LSF siting and design guidelines (along with a list of suitable plant species for LSFs), as well as other implementation considerations and identified research needs.
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Wright, Kirsten. Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis and Recommendations for Metro. Portland State University, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.64.

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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.
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