Dissertations / Theses: 'Tracking of shipping container'

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Chang, Chia-Hsun. "Container shipping risk management : a case study of taiwan container shipping industry." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1590.

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Whilst container shipping has become increasingly important over the past few decades due to its obvious advantages, container shipping companies have faced various risks from different sources in their operations. Systematic academic studies on this topic are few; and in light of this, this study aims to systematically explore and analyse the risks in container shipping operations and to examine the applicable risk mitigation strategies in a logistics perspective, including information flow, physical flow, and payment flow. This thesis uses Taiwan container shipping industry as a case study, and borrows four steps of risk management as the main method, which includes risk identification, risk analysis, risk mitigation strategies identification, and strategies evaluation. In order to ensure the analysis is inclusive and systematic, risk factors and risk mitigation strategies are identified through a related literature review and are validated through a set of interviews. Risk analysis is conducted through using questionnaires, and then through risk ranking, risk matrix, risk mapping, and P-I graph. Risk mitigation strategies are evaluated through classic AHP and fuzzy AHP analysis. A number of significant findings have been obtained. Firstly, 35 risk factors are identified and classified into three categories: risks associated with information flow, risks associated with physical flow, and risks associated with payment flow. After collecting and analysing the risk-factor survey, the results indicate that the risk associated with physical flow has the more significant impact on shipping companies’ operation. However, one risk factor associated with information flow, “shippers hiding cargo information”, has the most significant impact among the 35 risk factors. Secondly, 20 risk mitigation strategies are identified and classified into three categories: intra-organisational strategies, intra-channel strategies, and inter-channel strategies. After collecting the AHP survey and analysing through classic AHP and fuzzy AHP, the result indicates that “slot exchange, slot charter, joint fleet, ship charter with other container shipping companies” is the most important strategy. The main contributions of this thesis include: (1) based on the literature review, there have been no research on risk management in the context of container shipping operation from a broad logistics perspective, and this thesis is the first attempt to fill this research gap; (2) this thesis uses Taiwan shipping industry as a case study to apply the framework, which generates useful managerial insights; (3) the conceptual model of risk management developed in this thesis can be applied to container shipping operations in other countries and regions; (4) compared with several studies using secondary data, this thesis uses empirical data to conduct the risk analysis, and make the results more close to the reality situation in container shipping; (5) in terms of risk analysis, this thesis ranks the total 35 risk factors rather than only identify the most important one, this can be used to be generalised to the whole container shipping companies in Taiwan, or even to the whole world; (6) in terms of risk management, the previous studies usually analyse only the importance of strategies. However, this thesis analyses the results of AHP from three different angles: reducing financial loss, reducing reputation loss, and reducing safety and security incident related loss. This can provide different angles for the managers who are considering different aspects.

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Ahmed, Faizan. "Global IoT Coverage Through Aerial And Satellite Network." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281245.

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Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Type Communication (MTC) have got more momentum in the last few years but still, need to be penetrated with their full swing in our daily life. This can be possible with general framework that provides global network coverage. Non-terrestrial networks comprised of satellites and aerial platforms are expected to provide next-generation communication services in underserved and un-served areas by ensuring the quality of service that cannot be covered by existing terrestrial networks owing to economical and geographical limitations. The aim of this thesis is to formulate a set of massive and critical MTC use cases such as global environment monitoring, tracking of shipping containers and smart agriculture, and assess their comprehensive requirements like data size, sensor node density and uplink capacity and discuss possible network architectures and deployments focusing on satellite or aerial networks. A rigorous discussion on different network architectures to address the requirements have been presented, that involve (1) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite based network, (2) High Altitude Platform (HAP) based network, and (3) HAP and UAV based network. The proposed network architectures have been simulated and analyzed using MATLAB tools for respective use cases in terms of required number of satellites or aerial platforms. The criteria for selection of network architectures for the use cases are based on the minimum number of satellites or aerial platforms. The results show that LEO constellation consisting of 260 satellites are feasible concerning deployment and management for global environment monitoring network. Similarly, 1440 LEO satellites provide global coverage for tracking of shipping containers. Smart agriculture use case requires high throughput, and hence HAP and UAV integrated network architecture is more realistic for a fully autonomous system as compared to other network architectures. Cooperative control and management of set of agricultural machines can be performed at the UAV. Simulation results show that single UAV can be capable of commanding and controlling the agricultural smart machines in one square kilometer crop field and can send the summary of events to the central station via a HAP.
Internet of Things (IoT) och maskintypkommunikation (MTC) har fått mer fart under de senaste åren men måste fortfarande penetreras med sin fulla sväng i vårt dagliga liv. Detta kan vara möjligt med allmän ramverk som ger global nätverkstäckning. Icke- markbundna nät bestående av satelliter och flygplattformar förväntas tillhandahålla nästa generations kommunikationstjänster i undervärdiga och obetjänade områden genom att säkerställa kvaliteten påtjänster som inte kan täckas av befintliga marknät pågrund av ekonomiska och geografiska begränsningar. Syftet med den här avhandlingen är att formulera en uppsättning massiva och kritiska MTC-användningsfall som global miljöövervakning, spårning av fraktcontainrar och smart jordbruk, och utvärdera deras omfattande krav som datastorlek, sensornoddensitet och upplänkkapacitet och diskutera möjliga nätverk arkitekturer och distributioner med fokus påsatellit- eller flygnät. En rigorös diskussion om olika nätverksarkitekturer för att möta kraven har presenterats, som involverar (1) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellitbaserat nätverk, (2) High Altitude Platform (HAP) baserat nätverk, och (3) HAP och UAV baserat nätverk. De föreslagna nätverksarkitekturerna har simulerats och analyserats med MATLAB-verktyg för respek- tive användningsfall i termer av det nödvändiga antalet satelliter eller flygplattformar. Kriterierna för val av nätverksarkitekturer för användningsfallen är baserade pådet minsta antalet satelliter eller flygplattformar. Resultaten visar att LEO-konstellationen bestående av 260 satelliter är möjlig när det gäller distribution och hantering för globalt miljöövervakningsnätverk. Påliknande sätt ger 1440 LEO-satelliter global täckning för spårning av fraktcontainrar. Småjordbruksanvändningsfall kräver hög kapacitet, och följaktligen är HAP och UAV integrerad nätverksarkitektur mer realistisk för ett helt autonomt system jämfört med andra nätverksarkitekturer. Kooperativ kontroll och hantering av jordbruksmaskiner kan utföras vid UAV. Simuleringsresultat visar att en enda UAV kan vara kapabel att kommandera och kontrollera jordbrukssmarta maskiner i ett kvadratkilometer grödningsfält och kan skicka sammanfattningen av händelser till centralstationen via HAP.

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Hatsgai, Okinobu. "Equipment control in container shipping." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36497.

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Giriunas, Kevin Andrew. "Evaluation, Modeling, and Analysis of Shipping Container Building Structures." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1323878208.

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Baird, Alfred. "Strategic management in the global container shipping industry." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2000. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3802.

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Container shipping is of immense importance to global industry, and one of the critical enablers of globalisation. Analysis of the global container shipping industry suggests the potential for significant economies of scope and scale, and hence low costs and high efficiency, both recognised benefits of a global strategy. However, the global activities of container shipping lines are subject to a series of countervailing pressures, in particular, state regulation, shipper power, and the constant threat of competition. In an industry where differentiation has been absent, or at best difficult to achieve, there exists a growing belief amongst industry leaders that competitive advantage can be secured through providing a higher level intermodal service with a global network. This project identifies these and other important strategic management issuesr elating to containers hipping. it comparess trategiesa doptedb y industry leaders Sea-Land Service Inc. and Evergreen Line, two firms appearing to exhibit different modes of operation. Key differences in the strategies adopted by these lines' are identified. Through application of an established theoretical framework to help finther analyset he strategieso f thesec ompetitors,a nd aided by in-depth interviews with executives from each firm, it has been possible to identify specific organisational pressures associated with the conflicting needs for global operationali ntegration of activities and for local responsivenessT. he study has found that, in the global container shipping industry, competitors must implement strategies that facilitate a capability for both global integration and for local responsivenessT. his means that firms participating in the global container shipping industry must be multifocal; they must seek to develop the capability to manage both sets of demands simultaneously. Nevertheless, it is evident that whilst eachf irm is subjectt o broadly similar pressuresin respecto f the needs for integration and responsiveness, they adopt rather different strategies in attempting to meet these needs. With Sea-Land there is clearly an intermodal orientation, with more emphasis placed on intermodal capabilities and landside activities than on maritime aspects. Conversely, Evergreen Line was found to have a predominantly maritime orientation, placing greater emphasis on ships and containers and rather less emphasis on landside activities. These and other differences between carrier strategies relate to the series of strategic choices global liner shipping companies must make regarding the specific assets and operations necessary to provide a global container service. Using the grounded theory approach, a theoretical framework specific to the global container shipping industry has been developed that outlines these choices, illustrating the various options open to industry competitors. Entitled Strategic Choice in Container Shipping, the framework can be used as a teaching instrument to help explain industry complexity, and as an analytical tool to aid management decision-making and strategic planning.

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Jarumaneeroj, Pisit. "An economics study of container ports in the global network of container shipping." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53078.

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We propose a new measure, called the Container Port Connectivity Index (CPCI), to more accurately reflect the relative importance of container ports within the global network of container shipping. This index is based on both economics and network topology, where the strength of a port is based on its position within the global structure of shipping network and not just on local information, such as the number of TEUs handled or direct links to other ports. As the CPCI produces two separate scores for each inbound and outbound connectivity, we can use them to analyze the economic roles played by each port independently. We also propose a framework for evaluating market stability of a logistics hub in a competitive environment. In particular, we build a model, called the Liner Shipping Cooperative Model, to predict how the community of liners calling at a hub might develop as the result of actions by competitors. We use such a model to study the behavior of shipping lines, as well as the resulting trade-flow changes, as the system gradually moves toward new equilibrium defined by the grand coalition. With this piece of information, a port authority would be able to quantify threats posed by competitors and, consequently, devise counter strategies to safeguard its business against competing ports.

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Chawa, Prashanth Kumar, and Sai Kushal Mukkamala. "Design and Analysis of Shipping Container made of Honeycomb Sandwich Panels." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17289.

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This paper applies to the design and simulation of a shipping container made of sandwich panels. The amount of stresses acting on the body of the container is calculated and is optimized to reduce stresses for the better design output of the structure. The design aims to produce an application to reduce the tare weight of the container in order to increase the payload. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed to evaluate the strength of structures of both old and new models helps us to compare which model is better and more efficient. Complete design and analysis is performed using Autodesk Inventor.
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Kim, Sihyun. "Megaport competitiveness and sustainability practice in container shipping logistics in Northeast Asia." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3196.

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Amidst intense port competition in Northeast Asia, competitiveness in port operations is a critical issue in adopting and implementing sustainability practice that incorporate economic, environmental, social and operational perspectives. Notwithstanding the importance of sustainability practice for sustainable port operations, very few studies have investigated its links with operational sustainability and competitiveness. For this reason, in order to encourage the proactive adoption and implementation of sustainability practice in port operations, this study aims to analyse the role of sustainability practice in managing competitiveness and continuous improvements in operational performance, based on mega container ports operations. To address this issue, this study adopted a two-phase research design which incorporates a preliminary field study and empirical research. At first, to understand the specific and general features of sustainability practice in commercial port operations, preliminary field work through semi-structured face-to-face interviews were undertaken. Interviews validated the attributes of sustainability practice in the container port operational context, investigating the relevant issues. Thereafter, based on data collected from 203 organisations engaged in container port operations in Northeast Asia, the feasible relationships among sustainability practice, competitiveness and performance were analysed using hierarchical moderator regression analysis in SPSS 21. Finally, the results revealed that sustainability practice has a significant contribution as a moderator to the relationship between competitiveness, particularly in operational efficiency and service quality, and operational performance. The two-phase research design made it possible to define and validate the role of sustainability practice in managing the relationship between competitiveness and performance. With regard to theory, this study has placed the case of Northeast Asia in a global context. Secondly, the direct relationships between determinants of megaport competitiveness and performance in the context of container port operations were verified. Thirdly, the specific routes, what is achievable and how sustainability practice contributes to enhancing the relationships between determinants of megaport competitiveness and operational performance, were revealed in a container port operational context. For the ports industries, this study has provided useful insights to establish strategies for sustainable port operations and a strategic agenda to assist ports to incorporate sustainability practice, providing evidence that this will contribute to enhancing their overall competitiveness. The findings are expected to be utilised further in future studies on sustainable port development and operations, as well as to provide guidance for port operators in its future improvement strategy.

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Břečková, Pavlína. "Námořní kontejnerová přeprava v podmínkách společnosti Vasco Shipping." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75724.

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This diploma thesis analyzes the maritime container transport, it's history and development and the types of containers. It deals with the current situation in the maritime transport market. The main emphasis is on detailed description of the transport chain. The paper also deals with documents that are carried by sea, especially the Bill of Lading. This is a specific document, among other it is a tradable security. In the thesis there have also been mentioned the current issues of liability and insurance - (Rotterdam Rules and INCOTERMS 2010).

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李少萍 and Siu-ping Sonia Lee. "The role of container liner shipping in the logistics industry: opportunities and challenges." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576301.

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Lee, Siu-ping Sonia. "The role of container liner shipping in the logistics industry : opportunities and challenges /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576301.

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Wu, Jie. "The development of port and the container transport chain : a case study of Tianjin Port." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11533.

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With the booming volume of international trade, the container shipping industry plays an important role in the world now. The previous literature only shows separate factors for the development of the port. And the container transport chain is only analyzed separately without the development of the port. With abundant of literatures and theories, the factors influence the development of the port can be divided into two parts. The external factors include the hinterland, the international trade and the policies. And the competition and coordination between different ports constitute the internal factors. The container transport chain is important for the internal factors. It can affect the area of the hinterland and the cost for the customers. The Tianjin Port is introduced as the case for this thesis. And for the comparison, the mature port Rotterdam and the competitors within Bohai Rim are showed. The data are from official website of the ports and other organizations with high reputation. And the relationships of the inside and external factors are discussed in the analysis. With the SWOT matrix, the case of Tianjin Port is compared with the mature port Rotterdam and its competitors Qingdao Port and Dalian Port. The container transport chain in Tianjin has the disadvantages such as complicated information flow system, lower capacity of rail transportation and the over fierce market of the third party logistics companies. By the end of the thesis, how to adopt the container transport chain with the rapid development of the port and some suggestions for the further development of Tianjin Port are given as the conclusion.

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Salleh, N. H. M. "Strategic risk and reliability assessment in the container liner shipping industry under high uncertainties." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2015. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4429/.

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The container liner shipping industry (CLSI) can be defined as one consisting of a fleet of vessels that provides a fixed service at regular intervals between ports of call. It is noteworthy that the CLSI is remarkably acting as an artery in making contributions to the growth of the global economy. However, in an era of unprecedented global changes, the CLSI faces a variety of internal and external risks. Moreover, the reliability and capability of liner shipping operators (LSOs) vary under different environmental conditions. Consequently, it is important for LSOs to ensure that the safety and reliability of their internal operations as well as external environments through proactive assessment of their reliability and capability are intact. The literature indicates that disruptive events have been assessed and investigated by many researchers and practitioners whilst the root causes arising from external risks have not yet been fully identified. The aim of this research was to develop integrated frameworks for assessing risk and reliability in the CLSI under high uncertainties. As a result, three interlocking levels of analysis have been highlighted in this research: 1) business environment-based risk (BEBR), 2) organisational reliability and capability (ORC) of LSOs, and 3) punctuality of containerships. To achieve the aim, firstly, this research employed a combination of different decision-making methods (i.e. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) and Evidential Reasoning (ER)) for the assessment of the BEBR. The research outcomes are providing LSOs with a powerful decision-making tool to assess the risk value of a country prior to investment and strategic decisions. In addition, LSOs are also able to regularly assess the overall level of existing BEBR in a host country prior to development of mitigation strategies that can help to minimise financial losses. Secondly, this research employs the Fuzzy Bayesian Belief Network (FBBN) method for evaluating the ORC of LSOs. By exploiting the proposed FBBN model, LSOs are able to conduct a self-evaluation of their ORC prior to the selection of a strategy for enhancing their competitive advantages in the CLSI. A significant concern in container liner shipping operations is the punctuality of containerships. Therefore, thirdly, this research concentrated on analysing and predicting the arrival punctuality of a liner vessel under dynamic environments by employing a combination of Fuzzy Rule-Base (FRB) and FBBN methods. Finally, a probabilistic model for analysing and predicting the departure punctuality of a liner vessel was generated. Accordingly, from the outcomes of this research LSOs are able to forecast their vessels’ arrival and departure punctuality and, further, tactical strategies can be implemented if a vessel is expected to be delayed. In addition, both arrival and departure punctuality models are capable of helping academic researchers and industrial practitioners to comprehend the influence of uncertain environments on the service punctuality. In order to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed methodologies and models, several real test cases were conducted by choosing the Malaysian maritime industry as a focus of study. The results obtained from these test cases have provided useful information for recommending preventive measures, improvement strategies and tactical solutions. The frameworks and models that have been proposed in this research for assessing risk and reliability of the CLSI will provide managerial insights for modelling and assessing complex systems dealing with both quantitative and qualitative criteria in a rational, reliable and transparent manner. In addition, these models have been developed in a generic sense so that they can be tailored for application in other industrial sectors.

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Trujillo, Victor Esteban. "Global Shipping Container Monitoring Using Machine Learning with Multi-Sensor Hubs and Catadioptric Imaging." W&M ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1582642585.

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We describe a framework for global shipping container monitoring using machine learning with multi-sensor hubs and infrared catadioptric imaging. A wireless mesh radio satellite tag architecture provides connectivity anywhere in the world which is a significant improvement to legacy methods. We discuss the design and testing of a low-cost long-wave infrared catadioptric imaging device and multi-sensor hub combination as an intelligent edge computing system that, when equipped with physics-based machine learning algorithms, can interpret the scene inside a shipping container to make efficient use of expensive communications bandwidth. The histogram of oriented gradients and T-channel (HOG+) feature as introduced for human detection on low-resolution infrared catadioptric images is shown to be effective for various mirror shapes designed to give wide volume coverage with controlled distortion. Initial results for through-metal communication with ultrasonic guided waves show promise using the Dynamic Wavelet Fingerprint Technique (DWFT) to identify Lamb waves in a complicated ultrasonic signal.

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Gerber, Nathan Samuel. "Investigation of New and Recovered Wood Shipping Platforms." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83801.

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This study was performed in order to acquire key market information and information on raw material usage for the wood pallet and container industry in 2016. Historical trends in the wood pallet market were also analyzed between 1991-2016 using the results of previous Virginia Tech and U.S. Forest Service pallet surveys. Paper mail questionnaires and online questionnaires were sent to 2,520 companies that manufactured or wholesaled wood pallets and crates in the United States to obtain these data. The wooden pallet and container industry produced an estimated 508 million new wood pallets in 2016, which is a 22% increase since 2011. Approximately 35% of this was 48” x 40” pallets, which continues to be the dominant standardized pallet size. Approximately 39% of new wood pallets were custom sizes which is a significant decrease from the 60% share found in 2011. Stringer class pallets remained the dominant pallet class with 76% share while block pallets and skids only accounted for 21% and 3% of the market, respectively. Approximately, 38% of these new wood pallets were heat treated. Furthermore, an estimated 341 million pallets were recovered and sold as recycled/repaired or remanufactured pallets in 2016. The most common size of the recycled or remanufactured pallets was 48” x 40”, accounting for 69% of the recycled market. Ninety-one percent of recycled or remanufactured pallets were stringer class pallets while block class pallets made up the remaining 9%. Wood byproduct usage has changed since 2011. The conversion of broken pallets and wood waste to landscape mulch (37.5%) and animal bedding (4.2%) have declined with a proportional increase in other uses (28.3%). Biofuel conversion has remained steady since 2006 at 30%.
Master of Science

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Tai, An-chi. "Life, Living, & Space." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33756.

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The thesis is an attempt to define and design a house by utilizing modernized construction technologies.

From a single cell, a man grows up into a complex creature with an independent life. A livable space for a person starts from the motherâ s womb, then moves on to a crib, a full-size bed, a room, and finally a house. We can say, therefore, â a living roomâ originates from an independent life and is created for a person.

Man cannot and does not live alone. Human interactions help develop the spatial relationship among rooms in a house, and among houses in a community. Social relations, such as those found among family, friends and neighbors, define the mental and physical dimensions as they are manifested in the demarcations of rooms, halls and houses. Sadly, modernization seems to have destroyed the human basis for spatial relations, as we no longer can find these attributes in contemporary designs where elevators and stairs have replaced alleys and backyards where neighborhood children once played and housewives enjoyed socializing.

Industrialized processes have allowed us to build more space more quickly, but, unfortunately, these processes have also simultaneously equalized qualities in housing design today. Because of the potential complexity of these questions, I am compelled to focus on a room or a house as the scope of the study. The aim of the thesis is therefore the study of the development of a socially and technically responsive house in the face of growth and change in an industrialized world.

In Part One, I shall start with an analysis of historical precedents and the development of a working concept for the design. Part Two ponders how to use minimum materials and sizes to create maximum spaces and capacity. The final section includes the demonstration of the design process involved in the creation of a future-oriented house.

Master of Architecture

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Ng, Koi-Yu Adolf. "Theory and structure of port competition : a case study of container transhipment in North Europe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f3f91b0f-4c65-4664-8fba-87281e7e8ae5.

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Global economic development has significantly increased the demand for container liner shipping which has led to its global restructuring. Under such a situation, hub-and-spoke liner shipping systems have become increasingly popular which cause more intense competition between major ports and thus transhipment traffic is perceived to play a more important role in deciding the competitive positions of ports. Although there was no shortage of studies investigating port competitiveness in the past decades, most of them had overlooked the necessity of theorising port competition while ignoring the importance of including less-readily quantifiable factors in the port competitiveness assessment process. Thus, a research gap clearly exists and through investigating the competitiveness of Antwerp, Bremerhaven, Felixstowe, Hamburg, Le Havre and Rotterdam acting as container transhipment hubs in North Europe, this thesis attempts to theorise port competition. Apart from providing a theoretical framework, Port Competitiveness Model, to future port research, this thesis also aims to identify the major factors affecting port attractiveness, to assess port choice behaviour, to investigate the current port competitiveness and to forecast their future prospects in the market. Research methodology involves various quantitative modelling techniques including generalized cost calculations (to assess port attractiveness), Multinomial Logit Model (to assess port choice behaviours of liners and the current competitive positions of ports) and Logistic Regression (to predict port competitiveness in the future), while data collection includes a questionnaire survey of major liners and various in-depth interviews with port and shipping experts in Europe. Findings indicate that money and time are not sufficient to explain the choices of liners and other less-quantifiable factors like geography, quality of services, values and perceptions, inertia, limitations of liners are also significant. Rotterdam is currently the overall market leader in the North European transhipment market but may be fragile in resisting challenges from competitors while Hamburg is a regional leader in the Scandinavia-Baltic market. On the other hand, Bremerhaven is currently an underachiever but possesses potential if it changes its current competitive strategies while Antwerp also possesses potential but faces different problems in its developments. For poor performing ports like Felixstowe and Le Havre, they need to improve significantly before they can really compete. Also, results suggest that ports should not only focus on expensive physical improvements (like infrastructure) but should also pay attention to software aspects in port operations e.g. management, marketing, etc. The key to achieve port competitiveness does not depend on port's administrative system but on how it executes the system and makes things work. In the foreseeable future, the author firmly believes that this thesis will become one of the theoretical 'pillars' in the theory of port competition.

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Olivier, Taryn Lynn. "The efficiency of the container shipping industry and the development of a performance measurement system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19988.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An efficient container shipping industry is something every country strives toward. Continuous improvement in this industry is of utmost importance in order to grow a country’s economy. One of the objectives of this research study is to determine the inefficiencies that exist within the South African container shipping industry. A lot of these inefficiencies cannot be eliminated by a single organisation, but require the cooperation of all the parties in a supply chain. Currently there is not enough interaction between the organisations in the supply chain apart from limited contact with direct customers and suppliers. The aim of the performance measurement system is to drive organisations throughout the supply chain to focus on the areas that require the most improvement. If inefficiencies are identified, the parties concerned should jointly come up with action plans to address these inefficiencies. This research study will focus mostly on the Cape Town region. The performance measurement system (PMS) developed in this study can be used to improve supply chain efficiency. Existing PMSs were researched in order to develop a system that is applicable to the container industry. Research of the industry was done with the aid of questionnaires, interviews, surveys and a focus group. The benefits of such a system should be carefully explained to representatives of the organisations in the industry to attract their participation. The success of the system is highly dependent on how well the parties in the supply chain participate, as it is only then that the efficiency of a supply chain can be measured. Management representatives were asked to indicate which key performance indicators they are measuring. This information was used as a basis for the study. There are various parties that are currently busy with similar studies, which emphasises the increased need for a supply chain PMS in the container shipping industry. Two case studies were identified that will benefit from a PMS. BMW’s manufacturing plant in Rosslyn and the fruit export industry in the Cape Town region were used as examples of integrated supply chains. The PMS can be easily adapted in order to apply it to other corridors or commodities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Doeltreffende houer verskepingsindustrie is iets waarna elke land streef. Konstante verbeterings in die industrie is baie belangrik vir ‘n land se ekonomie. Een van die doelwitte van hierdie navorsingsprojek is om te bepaal wat die ondoeltreffendhede in die houer verskepingsindustrie is. Baie van hierdie ondoeltreffendhede kan nie deur een organisasie opgelos of geïlimineer word nie. Dit moet deur die hele voorsieningsketting gesamentlik gedoen word. Daar is tans te min samewerking tussen organisasies in die voorsieningsketting. In die meeste gevalle werk organisasies slegs met hulle onmiddelike kliënte en verskaffers. ‘n Voorsieningsketting meting-stelsel sal verseker dat daar op die regte aspekte gefokus word. As ‘n ondoeltreffendheid geïdentifiseer word, is dit die verantwoordelikheid van die hele voorsieningsketting om te verseker dat die ondoeltreffendheid geïlimineer word. Dit sal beslis samewerking bevorder. Die navorsingsprojek fokus meestal op Kaapstad. Bestaande meting-stelsels was geondersoek om ‘n stelsel te ontwikkel wat van toepassing is op die houer verskepingsindustrie. Navorsing was gedoen deur middel van vraelyste, onderhoude, opnames en ‘n fokusgroep. Die doel van die meting-stelsel is om organisasies regdeur die voorsieningsketting te dryf om te fokus op die areas wat die meeste verbetering benodig. Die voordele van die stelsel moet noukeurig aan die bestuursverteenwoordigers van die organisasies in die voorsieningsketting verduidelik word sodat hulle sal deelneem aan die inisiatief. Die sukses van die meting-stelsel hang af van hoeveel organisasies sal deelneem. Die doeltreffendheid van ‘n voorsieningsketting sal eers werklik gemeet kan word as daar ‘n redelike groot belangstelling vanaf die industrie is. Bestuursverteenwoordigers was gevra om aan te dui watter prestasie-aanwysers hulle tans meet. Hierdie inligting was gebruik as ‘n basis vir die studie. Daar is tans verskeie partye wat besig is met soortgelyke navorsing. Dit beklemtoon die feit dat ‘n voorsieningsketting meting-stelsel werklik nodig is vir die houer verskepingsindustrie. Twee gevalle studies was geïdentifeseer dat hulle sal voordeel trek uit die implementering van ‘n voorsieningsketting meting-stelsel. BMW se Rosslyn voorsieningsketting en die vrugte uitvoer industrie in Kaapstad was gebruik as voorbeelde van geïntegreerde voorsieningskettings. Die meting-stelsels kan maklik aangepas word vir ander kommoditeite.

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Tansakul, Ampawan. "A 3-Dimensional Computer Simulation Model for Temperature Distribution Prediction in a Seafood Shipping Container." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-144840/.

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Perry, Allen. "Replacing a disposable shipping container with a reusable packaging system for a supplier electronic assembly /." Online version of thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12192.

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Jankowski, William M. "Maritime shipping container security and the Defense Transportation System : problems and policy in the 21st century /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FJankowski.pdf.

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Lefebvre, Jean-Marie M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Dameng Yue. "Tracking and fleet optimization of Reusable Transport Items in the shipping industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77539.

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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78).
This thesis explores the strategies, methodologies and tools for an optimal management of Reusable Transport Items, such as containers or chassis, in an extensive multi-depots network. We use an ocean shipping company operating globally to propose a broad, comprehensive and integrated system for an optimal management of the fleet, embracing technology, processes and monitoring system. The ability to track these assets is the first step to visibility and fleet optimization and we will question the opportunity for a company to invest in a real time tracking technology. In highly complex logistic networks, the challenge is to get the right equipment at the right place at the right time, in a cost efficient manner and with a fleet size as small as possible. Beyond increased visibility through tracking capabilities, we show that choosing an appropriate utilization metrics helps identify and quantify other areas of improvement. Using actual data, we evaluate to what extent the fleet size can be reduced by improving asset utilization and how leasing also impacts operating costs. We also show how the structural imbalance of trade (some regions being net exporters while others are net importers) impacts both global repositioning policy and local inventory policy, with depots of different profiles requiring different policies. Understanding this systematic and systemic approach of fleet management, we assess the contribution of tracking technology capabilities to these potential improvements.
by Jean-Marie Lefebvre and Dameng Yue.
M.Eng.in Logistics

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Cheng, chingwei, and 程慶偉. "Evaluating Green Shipping Practices Indexes For Container Shipping Carriers." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93268877301789057511.

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碩士
長榮大學
航運管理學系碩士班
100
The main purpose of this paper is to apply the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) model to sieve out the indexes for container shipping carriers when they are operating the green shipping practice. At first, according to historical literature, a hierarchical structure with six dimensions and eighteen evaluation criteria were constructed. Then, based on container shipping carrier’s opinions and the AHP experts’ questionnaires, we used the FAHP model to evaluate the green shipping practices indexes (GSPIs). Finally, we obtained the most seven GSPIs for the container shipping carriers in Taiwan. They are ‘complying with the related regulations,’ ‘designing economical routes,’ ‘setting up energy efficiency design index (EEDI),’ ‘the degrees of efficiency of shipping collaboration,’ ‘promoting sustainable development,’ ‘using newly-built ships,’ and ‘complying with the ship efficient management plan (SEEMP),’ respectively.

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Chen, Ying-Chia, and 陳盈嘉. "A Study of the Service Strategy for Container Shipping Industry—An Example for a Container Shipping Company." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63478739045948705523.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
96
Container shipping industry plays a very important role in the international trading activities. In recent years, the global major container carriers are zealous to order very large container vessels to increase their shipping spaces and consequently make the global shipping capacity to grow largely. However, the prices of raw materials like fuels and steels continue to escalate, cause the operation costs surging and the competitions for shipping industry fiercer than ever. Thus, the container shipping industry operators start to mull over strategies beside of slashing prices for business. Base on the target company’s customers in Taiwan, the survey of transportation services was carried out. The questionnaire was designed in reference to PZB model and five dimensions of SERVQUAL. There are 178 copies of questionnaire distributed and 122 copies retrieved, with 114 valid copies in the retrieved. This article analyzed the investigation result of the survey and inferred three important conclusions as below, (1) the customers esteem “Ability of Salesman” the most important aspect for the transportation service, (2) the customers consider “Correct Booking” the most satisfactory aspect for the transportation, and (3) By application of IPA model, the target company needs to improve its “Shipping Space Supply”.

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Chang, Fang-Ling, and 鄭芳玲. "Exploring the Evaluation Indicators of Green Shipping Competitiveness for Container Shipping firms." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76648037063383853607.

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碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
102
In the recent years, more and more regulations and environmental protection groups have promoted ‘‘green shipping’’ for sustain marine environment. A few previous researches suggested there exists the positive relationship between green shipping practice and shipping firm’s performance and competitiveness. Accordingly, this research defines ‘‘Green Shipping Competitiveness’’ based on Natural Resource-based View (NRBV) and related literature review. We also adapted the three strategic capabilities of NRBV as the three dimension of green shipping competitiveness, which are (1) Pollution Prevention, (2) Greening Shipping Service and (3) Sustainable Development. Next, the Top-Down approach combined with Balanced Scorecard and related literature review is adopted to develop a more comprehensive set of indicators, including (1) Environmental policy and culture, (2) Shipping design, (3) Green marketing, (4) Greening education and training of crewman, (5) Green ship, (6) Green shipping equipment, (7) Green shipping document procedure, (8) Environmental coordination with supplier, (9) Environmental coordination with shipper, (10) Innovation of green shipping technology, (11) Strategic application of marine cap and trade, (12) Environmental-related philanthropies. We collected expert questionnaires and used DEMATEL-based ANP to analyze the relationship within the indicators and calculate the influential weight. The results shows ‘‘Greening ship’’ gets highest value of importance degree so it plays the key role in the whole system. ‘‘Strategic application of marine cap and trade’’ has the highest influential degree, which means most influence other indicators. The weight of the three dimensions doesn’t differ too much, but exist embeddedness, thus, for achieving green shipping competitiveness, shipping firms should take both current and future market and technologies into account.

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Yeh, Hsieh-Lung, and 葉協隆. "Container Ports Selection of Cross-Strait Direct Shipping." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26196513353076089796.

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碩士
國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
97
Cross-strait direct shipping has been initiated on December 15th, 2008,for which China has opened 63 ports .To effectively enhance the benefit of cross-strait direct shipping, how to properly select the important ports to develop shipping lines is an important topic. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process（FAHP）and Fuzzy Synthetic Decision are utilized to rank the priority of the opened China ports for cross-strait direct shipping in this study. There are fifteen candidate ports being selected through a screen procrdure. Owing to the differences in many conditions between these ports, this study classifies the candidate ports into major and potential two categories. The multiple criteria evaluation hierarchy systems for each categories are developed respectively. In order to match practical considerations, the multiple criteria hierarchy systems are developed via literature review, experts interview, and questionnaire survey. The results of the FAHP analysis revealed that the weight ranking of the objectives of the major container ports are in the order of “geographical location”, “cargo-source”, ”port efficiency and cost”, ”potential of transfer to Kaohsiung port or Taipei Port” and “port infrastructures”. The weight ranking of the objectives of the potential developing ports are similar, but the “port infrastructures” is considered more important than the major container ports’. It means the cargo-source is the most important factor for carrier to select container ports for direct shipping. According to the results of this study, the ranking of the major container ports of China is that the first priority includes the port of Shanghai and Shenzhen, the second priority includes the port of Ningbo, Qingdao, Tianjin and Guangzhou, the third priority is the port of Xiaman, and the port of Dalian is the fourth priority. The ranking of the potential developing ports is that the first priority includes the port of Lianyungang and Suzhou, the second priority includes the port of Yingkou and Nanjing, the third priority is the port of Yantai and Fuzhou, and the port of Humen is the fourth priority. The evaluation results could be provided as useful information for carriers to plan and/or adjust the routes of cross-strait direct shipping.

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Shieh, Miin Shyong, and 謝敏雄. "Competitive strategy of container shipping lines at Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53835864004572858332.

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碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
100
This study explored the competitive strategies of Taiwanese container shipping companies. I focus on the impact of the environmental pressures on these companies, and highlighted their key competitive strategies. Based on depth interviews and questionnaire with industrial senior executive experts, this study suggests that Taiwanese container shipping companies consider to reduce their risk exposure by forming strategic alliances and to avoid making excessive new vessels building and investment, in facing increasing imbalance of worldwide fleet loading capacity in container shipping industry. Global container shipping industry has developed over than 50 years and is now toward “Industry maturity period”. Competitors in such an industry should focus on lowering cost and strengthening the quality of service to secure customer loyalty. At same time, competitors in the industry should also strive for process innovation and better risk management. They should also develop the core competence and try to differentiate themselves from other competitors in order to ensure their sustainable advantages.

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Lin, Chao-Hsiem, and 林昭賢. "A Container Allocation Simulation Model for Shipping Carriers." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3zefgu.

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碩士
國立成功大學
交通管理學系碩博士班
90
Generally speaking, container allocation strategy includes loaded container transport, empty container relocation, leasing container and rejecting shipper’s demand. Each strategy has different effect on operating costs. Furthermore, operating costs can be very costly, including depreciation, transport, load and unload, and storage expenditure. It’s a key point that how to reduce the operating cost by managing container more effectively. This research develops a container allocation simulation model for shipping carriers. Simulation model contains Loaded Container Generation Module, Vessel Arrival Module, Return Module, Near sea Allocating Module and Oceanic Allocating Module. We construct these modules with simulation software, Awesim, simulation language, SLAM ΙΙ, and programming language, Visual Basic. After validating, result shows that this model works satisfactorily. In this research, we design two factors, Company-own container scale and turnover time, to experiment. Trying to find the best scenario that minimizes total operating cost. Total operating cost contains loading and discharging expenditure, depreciation expenditure, storage expenditure, and leasing expenditure. Result shows that small container scale combines with shorter turnover time reduce the total operating cost. With the raise of lease charge, it’s be a better strategy to expand own container scale.

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Feng-Ming, Wang, and 王鳳明. "TOWS - AHP Analysis in decision making of developing a container liner shipping route-An Empirical study of a Taiwanese Container Shipping Company." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23296490573325748447.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
商船學系所
94
This paper investigates the most important factors influencing the decision making of developing a new shipping route, Far East to East Mediterranean, for a Taiwanese container shipping company by using TOWS analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) simultaneously. Subsequently an importance-performance analysis (IPA) in terms of the company’s internal strengths and weaknesses is conducted to explore the most critical factors contributing to the decision-making. The research results show that the company’s most important internal strengths such as bigger size of vessels, slot for multiple uses and feeder operated by ship’s owner will have critical contributions to the development of the new shipping route. The critical internal weakness, the ban against National flag direct sailing between Taiwan and Mainland China, needs to be improved to facilitate the operation of the new route. The approach to strengthening this weakness includes slot sharing with foreign carriers, establishing subsidiaries registered as foreign flags, and strategic alliance with foreign carriers.

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Chang, Chia-Hsiu, and 張嘉修. "A study of leasing policy for container shipping company." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64389210703528956892.

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碩士
國立交通大學
運輸科技與管理學系
99
There are more than 40% containers belong to leasing containers around the world. Causing lease policy becomes critical to shipping company. This study designs out of four ways to adjust the number of leasing container. The characteristic is the clear classification from long term and short term leasing containers for both numbers and costs, so as to make up for the flaw oftraditional container repositioning model and first to consider long-termleasing container liquidated damages included into the study. The structure ofthe leasing container should consider the demand in the future, then decidethe number of long term leasing containers, and recover the demand gapthrough short term leasing containers. The simulation analysis includes the time comparison of model; consider the signed liquidated damages, thecomparison between reality of the market structure and the result of model,long-term leasing container earl5y surrender of the consideration, and underthe different needs of shipping companies to identify the ideal ratio of leasingstructure. This study provides the structure of containers to shipping company under varying circumstances. The result can provide reference to container shipping companies in the adjustment of the renting number aboutthe quantity of leasing container and contract.

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Laura and 陳優蓉. "Slot Allocation Models for Container Shipping with Demand Uncertainty." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46050712579028318713.

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碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
104
Similar to the airline industry, the container shipping industry has a very high fixed cost and is thus a potential candidate for the application of revenue management (RM) or yield management (YM). However, in the effort of better utilizing the limited vessel capacity, booking requests are still usually managed by experienced employees without too much decision support in the container shipping industry. Some slot allocation models have been developed to determine the sales quota for a specific market (origin-destination pair). However, demand uncertainty is rarely considered in these decision models. This study develops a linear mathematical programming (LP) model to generate the booking limit for each origin-destination pair, with an uncertain demand represented by a random variable. In addition, the concept of overbooking is further incorporated to develop a modified LP model with over allocation by taking into account the loss due to unused capacity. An iterative approach is designed to successively estimate the opportunity cost of the capacity and re-solve the modified LP model to generate the inflated booking limits. A simulation experiment is performed by generating the booking requests and applying the booking limits. It is found the revenue obtained by the control decision based on the modified model is significantly higher than the one from the basic model or from the first-come-first-served (FCFS) policy.

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Lin, Chen-Chi, and 林辰吉. "The Impact of Daily Frequency on Container Shipping Carriers." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41444060471809194860.

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碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
101
In response to the global impact of rising oil prices and shipping operation costs, container shipping companies build very large container ships to take advantage of unit costs and increase returns to scale. This boosts space supply and market demand, leading to many container ships lying idle. Consequently, the impact of Daily Frequency Maersk shift services, which commenced at end of 2011, expedites the restructuring of strategic alliance cooperation. This study provides daily frequency based on analysis from four perspectives: sub-hub port operation; fleet deployment; maintenance of customer service; and market share-controlled considerations and changes regarding the operation process. The results of this study indicated that the crucial aspect of carriers is sub-hub port operation, followed by maintaining customer service, market-share variation, and fleet deployment. Thus, Asian shipping companies should focus on market-share variation and operation delivery to promote their market shares. Carriers can join various ventures in diverse routes to offer different feeder services. Regarding the scale of container shipping carriers in Far East-European trade lanes, joining mutual ventures has become easy and has expanded operations; however, shipping companies experience considerable difficulties in controlling capacity. The results of this study indicated that container shipping companies should consider shipping punctuality as a core service. The results also indicated that Taiwan International Ports Co., Ltd. should take advantage of terminal subleases and maximize the cluster effect among Asian feeder vessels. Future research can focus on the operation costs and revenue of sub-hub ports controlled by Taiwan International Ports Co., Ltd. by applying quantitative research methods. Key words: Daily Frequency, Container Shipping Carriers, Very Large Container Ship, Strategic Alliance.

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WANG, YAO-XUAN, and 王烑炫. "The characteristic analysis of container shipping in transpacific route." Thesis, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/feg93z.

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Mitton, Noah. "A RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER SHIPPING NETWORK." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13109.

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International container shipping is a complex system of interlocked stakeholders. Obtaining reliable data can be difficult and the data for specific routes and container terminals change over time. Intermodal transportation has increased in importance over the years. A relational database model was developed as a tool for stakeholders interested in analyzing specific paths. The database uses data on transportation time, variance of transportation time, transportation cost and green house gas emissions. The user can specify their own set of locations, movements, containers, items and transportation modes. The total logistics cost of a specific importing strategy can be calculated for any path defined by the user. A Floyd-Warshall algorithm was implemented to allow for the shortest path between locations to be determined, based on the preferences of the user for either cost, time or CO2 emissions. In order to illustrate the capabilities of our model and because of our interest in the port of Halifax, we created a dataset from the distances between important locations within the international container shipping system. Using this dataset, some example calculations indicate that the port of Halifax and the port of Montreal could consider cooperating to form a hub-and-spoke relationship for European imports. In another example, the port of Halifax provides the fastest route for imports using the Suez Canal intending to reach Toronto but the cheapest total logistics cost route involves using the port of NY/NJ. By using both the total logistics cost algorithms and the shortest path algorithms, the examples illustrate how stakeholders in the container transportation industry can analyze various routes, terminals and make informed decisions.

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Ryan, D'Arcy J. "Strategic alliances and their impacts on the container shipping industry." Thesis, 2001. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/1692/1/MQ68388.pdf.

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The thesis deals with the evolution of container shipping route networks over a ten-year span from 1989 to 1999. The network evolution is shown to be a direct result of globalization, with a decline in the number of direct routes serving only two maritime ranges and a proliferation of multi-range services. A particular development has been the establishment of Strategic Alliances. Today, the industry has restructured itself around five major groupings. This paper provides an explanation for the establishment of such alliances and their influence. In particular the New World Alliance and its members will be examined in the thesis.

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Chung, Tzu-Cheng, and 鍾子程. "A Study on Competitive Strategies for Taiwan’s Container Shipping Industry." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02600459328181531584.

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碩士
中華大學
經營管理研究所
98
Taiwan, a densely populated island with a lack of natural resources, foreign trade is the lifeblood of its economy. Shipping and air transportation are Taiwan’s foreign trade channels. Because the capacity of air cargo is limited, Taiwan’s foreign trade mostly heavily relies on shipping industry. Most of the goods transportation is the container shipping, which are mainly regular shipping. The container shipping industry is quite affected by its economy. It is important to have an urgent and strengthened policy reform when the market mechanism of supply and demand is unbalanced. Therefore, selection and adjustment of strategies is a main issue for the container shipping industry. In this study, decision-making laboratory analysis (DEMATEL) laboratory analysis and decision-making (ANP) to understand the causal relationship between the criteria and the relevance degree, and the average maximum entropy method (Maximum Mean De-Entropy, MMDE) to solve the thresholdvalue problem, quantify the various issues related to the degree between elements of influence in order to understand the causal structure, as the container shipping industry to develop strategic direction. The results are as important to the greatest extent DEMATEL respect for the route considerations, dominate the other criteria, also consider the route that experts believe the most important criterion, it is the most important competitive strategy; ANP weights area is the development of the market as the biggest group of fleet ; consideration DEMATEL and ANP overall, a total fleet market development group for the highest degree of relevance, and weight advantages are the high degree of key criteria.

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Liao, Chun-Chieh, and 廖俊傑. "A study of excess capacity in container liner shipping market." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32344406763775824901.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
企業管理研究所
97
In the past decade, the upraising size of containership has become a tendency in the international container transportation market. Although container shipping lines have exploited the economies of scale by deploying big ships, the benefit has been outweighed by the decreasing freight. In the meantime, the larger ship has also caused a notorious over supply situation in the market and triggered a severe pricing competition. The traditional framework of industry economics focused on the hypothesized relations among structure, conduct and performance (SCP) has been borrowed to reveal the motivation and determinant of holding excess capacity for a shipping line. A simultaneous equation model is formatted to study the relationship among the capacity utilization, average revenue, and the behavior of shipping alliance. In empirical study, the sample covers the three largest shipping lines in Taiwan with a data set spanning from 1992 to 2006. The study has reached the following results. Firstly, the deploying of larger containership could reduce utilization of flat capacity and lower average revenue for a shipping line. Secondly, there exists a positive relationship between shipping alliance and average revenue. This result suggests that shipping line can collect a higher price through applying strategic alliance behavior. Finally, there is a positive relationship between alliance behavior and capacity utilization. It also implies the capacity utilization of a shipping line could be significantly improved by joining a shipping alliance for a container shipping line.

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Lin, Cha-Fu, and 林佳賦. "Study on the Thermal Insulation Performance of Shipping Container Houses." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53x9de.

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碩士
國立宜蘭大學
綠色科技學程碩士在職專班
107
The architectural styles for humans inhabited or used are traditionally made of wood, brick and reinforced concrete in sequent. Many buildings today have steel skeletons as the main structure. However, natural resources are consumed during the process of building construction, and a large amount of carbon dioxide is invisibly discharged. Under the world-wide trend of environmental protection, there are gradually many alternative ways to provide to the public. For example, the old house only strengthens the structure and replaces the reconstruction. In addition, the recycled container will be creatively created by the designer to give the new container houses a living body. The new construction life of container houses has the advantages of short modification period, short construction life cycle and high feasibility of modular construction. However, its steel structure tends to conduct heat, and it is not suitable for utility in tropical Taiwan. Thus, proper insulation should be done to improve the indoor thermal environment and increase comfort for a variety of purposes. In addition to achieve energy-saving building envelopes, it is necessary to match the energy-saving glass､building opening､building shading and seating orientation. This research studies the construction methods of container houses for common "roof insulation" and "wall insulation". This paper aims to improve the comfort of indoor thermal environment､reduce the utilization rate of construction equipment and provide suggestions on insulation for container companies or consumers in the future by collating and analyzing the thermal insulation construction methods of domestic and foreign container houses､investigating and analyzing the actual domestic cases. At last, this study summarizes the commonalities between foreign and domestic researches on container insulation and the selection of insulation materials. It is better way to choose insulation with lower heat transmission rate (U value) and higher thermal resistance value (R value). Additionally, it should be completely flattened on the surface of the container to avoid the critical phenomenon and adverse effects, and there is no absolute maturity in the insulation materials.

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Shu-ChiaoLin and 林舒喬. "A Bi-level Container Flow Prediction Model for Liner Shipping." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42qg5u.

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Lin, Yi-Zhen, and 林奕臻. "The Selection Behavior Analysis of Container Shipping Carrier for Containers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63086014603644013007.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
運籌管理系企業管理碩士班
103
Since World War II, the growth of international trade has promoted global container shipping demand rapidly. However, with the rising crude oil prices in recent years, shipping lines tend to reduce cost by “sailing speed reduction” and “containership enlargement”. It brings about a substantial increase in containers demand for shipping lines. Despite the huge capital funds, the increasing expense caused by container enlargement still oppressed their capital cost flexibility, therefore, in order to reduce the financial pressure, some companies choose to lease containers instead. Besides, containers owned by the shipping lines themselves or from leasing companies are generally regarded as homogeneous factor inputs and can substitute each other perfectly in providing the shipping service. The study is mainly to find out the factors which have effects on shipping lines when they determine to buy or lease containers. The study was conducted on the theory of production from the view point of economic by using a two-level constant-elasticity-of-substitution production function to seek for the elasticity of substitution between the owned and leased containers. The results show the significance of the elasticity of substitution between owned and leased containers is not zero. Therefore, the rental rate and holding cost are not the only factors affect shipping lines on making their decision to buy or lease containers, the considerations of industry, strategy and cost aspects could have been the main reason as well. Several strategic concerns including the changes of shipping industry, the sale and leaseback, the long-term leasing contract, and the market power between shipping lines and leasing companies, and container management costs, all may play key roles in determining the mix of owned and leased containers for the shipping lines.

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41

Chang, Chih-Cheng, and 張智誠. "Developing Strategies Toward Carbon Tax for a Container Shipping Line." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32652763103929084859.

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碩士
國立交通大學
管理學院運輸物流學程
100
The purpose of this research is to develop container shipping line’s strategy toward carbon tax. In view of global warming, climate change is getting worse. European Union and IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee are engaged to reduce GHG emission in order to release the impact of global climate change. After levying carbon tax to air lines from 2012, European Union is also planning to levy carbon tax to shipping lines. This research is taking a container shipping line for example, in view of EU will levy carbon tax, the shipping line is studying the counter measures to reduce GHG emission to match EU regulation, also to save bunker cost and improve business performance in order to achieve the goal of permanent business development. The research method of this thesis is using PEST and SWOT to analyze external opportunities and threats and company internal strengths and weakness, and then cross matching all of the conditions one by one in order to generate the proper strategies toward carbon tax. Finally, according to evaluation of estimated result on implementing the subject strategies, there are some conclusions reached. I also found the influence to theory and practical shipping industry by the conclusion of this research. I also provided some suggestions for the future research to this issue. Keyword: Shipping Industry, Container Shipping Line, Green House Gas, Carbon Tax, Carbon Emission, SWOT.

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42

Tsai, Jing-Wei, and 蔡瀞葳. "An analysis of Market Power in the Container Shipping Market." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78439766804544537741.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
企業管理系
98
This study attempts to investigate the market power in the container shipping industry from January 2001 through September 2008 by using the static and dynamic model of Brenahan approach. The global freight capacity is separated into three courses by global ocean route. That is Asia-US course, European-Asia course and US-European course. After comparing the static and the dynamic approaches, we find the dynamic Bresnahan model has good model fit. Typically, the empirical results suggest that the container shipping market to be competitive in the short run, but indicates it has somewhat market power in the long run.

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43

劉昆松. "Developing a Service Performance Index for the Container Shipping Industry." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11338778684713601598.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
97
The major purpose of this study is to investigate a method that can measure a company’s overall service performance as well as identify the improving priorities for service attributes. To this end, a service performance index is developed by partial least squares (PLS) method; a service improvement score in which considering the importance and performance of service attributes is simultaneously devised for identifying service attributes to improve the service quality. To illustrate the methodology, this study takes an example to construct the service performance indexes (SPI) on actual data surveyed from the customers of an international shipping company-Yang Ming Marine Transport Corporation(YML). The empirical results show that the SPI of YML is 75%, and its service improvement scheme needs to provide more training programs to its employees who provide services at the front line. This approach also provides a clear profile to the managers of YML for knowing which service attributes should be improved and with what priorities.

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44

Su, Hui-Ju, and 蘇惠茹. "Delaying Factors Analysis for the Schedule of Container Shipping Companies." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25771843691011257730.

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碩士
開南大學
物流與航運管理學系
102
Shippers select suitable shipping route and voyage to import and export cargos on the basis of sailing schedule claimed by container shipping companies. The reliability of sailing schedule would influence the logistics expense of shipper ’s. Therefore, delaying factors would be important in terms of shippers’ cost. Fifteen delaying factors was identified and categorized into three dimensions based on the literature review. Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relation (CFPR) and Entropy combined with the performance of container shipping companies were applied to identify the subjective and objective weights according to the evaluation of experts from IOFFLAT (International Ocean Freight Forwarders and Logistics Association, Taiwan) , respectively. The results obtained are described as following: 1. Results of subjective weights reveal that the factor “moderate berths and warehouse arrangement” is the most important factors. The following factors with less importance are “operation efficiency of port” and “coordination ability of port ”; on the other hand, the top 3 factors with most importance are “directions of fleets speed”, “ship schedule control” and “fleet configuration”. 2. Ship full ahead order, handle scheduling operation, fleet configuration, transships operation arrangement, port and sailing route planning would be ignored by container shipping companies easily. Therefore, container shipping companies should pay more attention to the criteria with more importance. According to the results mentioned, the container shipping companies could find moderate strategies to adjust and improve related operation steps to pursue better performance.

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45

Yu, Shyh-Ching, and 游世青. "The study on supply chain safety management of container shipping liners." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89985118445935275575.

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46

Wu, ChoChuan, and 吳倬銓. "Business Analysis and Valuation: Taiwan Container Shipping Industry as an Example." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71261837712928802699.

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碩士
輔仁大學
金融研究所
98
The container shipping industry possesses the advantages of monopolistic and transcendent characteristics with high industry standardization prescribed by laws and regulations of various countries. However, industry revenue is to a large extent subject to the fluctuation of business cycles, make it unstable and difficult to predict. Beyond that, supply elasticity is very low and products are not storable. In addition, operating costs are subject to the oil price shocks while financial positions are hampered by high debt ratios. Major operating investments are concentrated on the container shipping fleet with relatively high depreciation costs. Therefore, the impacts of operating, financial and equity method investment results on firm value vary year by year. This thesis applies a resources deployment model to analyze and value three major container shipping companies in Taiwan, Evergreen Marine Corp., Yang Ming Group and Wan Hai Line Ltd. Their 2008 annual financial statements show that the primary source of profit is from operating equity. Except Evergreen Marine Corp., the other two companies are net borrower. However, all of their returns on operating equity are substantially below effective interest rates, much of the operating profits are eroded by interest expenses and financial losses. This explains why their 2008 returns on equity are lower than prior years.

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47

Wei, Hsiao-Hsuan, and 魏小琄. "Evaluating Security Management and Safety Performance for the Container Shipping Service." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22602879179906780732.

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碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
99
This study aims to examine the effect of security management on safety performance in container shipping service. Four dimensions of security management are identified based on factor analysis: (a) cargo and facility management; (b) information management; (c) business partner management; and (d) accident prevention and processing. Moreover, safety performance can be divided into two dimensions including operation safety performance and customs clearance performance. A multiple regression is subsequently performed to examine the effect of security management on supply chain safety performance. The results of regression analysis indicate that information management and business partner management have significantly positive impact on operation safety management. In addition, business partner management is also found to be positively related to customs clearance performance. However, the effects of cargo and facility management and accident prevention and processing are not found to be significant in this study. Keywords: Security Management; Safety Performance; Container Shipping

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48

Chiu, Wenhsing, and 邱文星. "Determinants of Container Carriers’ Use of Coastal Shipping Transhipment in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85190058835241345655.

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碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
99
Taiwan is a small island, and its domestic transport is highly dependent on truck. The domestic container cargo, basically, can be transported by truck and coastal shipping in Taiwan. In particular, the using of coastal shipping not only increases the ship and slots utilization but also reduces the environmental pollutants and expenditures on infrastructure. Furthermore, it is regarded as the best ways to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions and can positively boost the port throughput and revenues. Therefore, it is worth the effort to examine the using of coastal shipping from a liner shipping company’s perspective. To our knowledge, however, there have been few empirical studies investigating the behavior of choosing the coastal shipping from a liner shipping company’s respective. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the importance of decision criteria to liner shipping companies when using coastal shipping by employing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Results indicate that port policies and environment is the most critical factor influencing the use intention of coastal shipping by liner shipping companies. Overall, convenience of customs clearance is found to be the most important determinant, followed by leasing the dedicated terminal and efficiency of terminal operation. The results of the study can help the government to modify their current policies to more accurately meet liner shipping companies’ requirements.

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49

Huang, Po-Shun, and 黃柏舜. "Reefer Container Assignment for a Single Line Service in Liner Shipping." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91226145069380238118.

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碩士
國立交通大學
管理學院運輸物流學程
99
Shipping industry is facing environmental changes and keen market competition. Carriers are also difficult to estimate the cost due to price fluctuation of fuel. To minimize the operating cost, carriers continued to enlarge the capacity of ship, but which have resulted in oversupply of capacity in the liner shipping market. To survive in the competitive market, carriers have to cut down freight to maintain its market share. However, it leads to lower profits or even losses. Among the container business, reefer cargos are more profitable. It is also one of the key points to improve carrier’s performance. Because of global climate getting unstable, the demand of reefer container is substantially increasing and growing. But limited by plug numbers of ship, reefer equipment supply…etc, not many reefer containers could be loaded on each voyage. Thus, carriers must well allocate its limited plugs and resources to obtain the maximum benefit. Most of pervious literatures and academic researches are aimed at pursuing the maximum revenue. But simply consider the revenue, regardless of varying cost and empty reposition cost, cannot make maximum benefit to carriers. Therefore, this study use maximized total marginal contribution instead of maximized total revenue as objective function and developed a mathematical programming model and to applied a case study of a Taiwan container liner to test its efficacy. The results show that the proposed model could provide a better assignment of reefer containers to improve the total marginal contributions.

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50

Tu, Kuan-Lin, and 杜冠霖. "Research on Main Conflicts and Countermeasures of Container Shipping Strategics Alliance." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04786340740363092443.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
100
The purpose of this thesis was based on qualitative analysis. Due to high benefits concerned, it is hard to avoid business conflicts in partnership of container shipping strategies alliance. The findings of above problem are as follows: 1.Container shipping companies lack experience to solve the conflict. 2.Container shipping companies lack experience to deal with practical problems. The finding of this study are as below: 1. Container shipping companies can seek the best solution to enhance cooperation in strategies alliance. 2. Container Shipping companies can operate business more efficiently and enhance the competitiveness in shipping market. It is expected that the findings of this study can serve as a good reference for Taiwan container shipping companies. Key word: Container shipping company, Strategics Allianc.

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