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1

Tian, Shu Rong, Xiao Shu Sun, and Xi Jing Sun. "PHD Filter for Multi-Radar Multi-Target Tracking." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 2730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2730.

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Target tracking with multiple radars is more efficient than tracking with one radar. In this paper, a multi-radar tracking system is proposed even when targets are occluded at radars. Observations from all radars are composed, then, Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter is used to estimate the multi-target state and the number at each time step. PHD particle filter implementation is used to perform the proposed method consisting of multiple mameuvering targets.
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Zhang, Gangsheng, Junwei Xie, Haowei Zhang, Weike Feng, Mingjie Liu, and Cong Qin. "Power Allocation Scheme for Multi-Static Radar to Stably Track Self-Defense Jammers." Remote Sensing 16, no. 15 (2024): 2699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16152699.

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Due to suppression jamming by jammers, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) during tracking tasks is significantly reduced, thereby decreasing the target detection probability of radar systems. This may result in the interruption of the target track. To address this issue, we propose a multi-static radar power allocation algorithm that enhances the detection and tracking performance of multiple radars in relation to their targets by optimizing power resource allocation. Initially, the echo signal model and measurement model of multi-static radar are formulated, followed by the de
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Kim, Beom-Hun, Seung-Jo Han, Goo-Rak Kwon, and Jae-Young Pyun. "Signal Processing for Tracking of Moving Object in Multi-Impulse Radar Network System." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/536841.

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Indoor positioning systems (IPSs) have been discussed for use in entertainment, home automation, rescue, surveillance, and healthcare applications. In this paper, we present an IPS that uses an impulse radio-ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar network. This radar network system requires at least two radar devices to determine the current coordinates of a moving person. However, one can enlarge the monitoring area by adding more radar sensors. To track moving targets in indoor environments, for example, patients in hospitals or intruders in a home, signal processing procedures for tracking should be
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Zhang, Zhenkai, Bing Zhang, Zhibin Xie, and Yi Yang. "Radar Selection Method Based on an Improved Information Filter in the LPI Radar Network." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (December 17, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6104849.

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In order to save the radar resources and obtain the better low probability intercept ability in the network, a novel radar selection method for target tracking based on improved interacting multiple model information filtering (IMM-IF) is presented. Firstly, the relationship model between radar resource and tracking accuracy is built, and the IMM-IF method is presented. Then, the information gain of every radar is predicted according to the IMM-IF, and the radars with larger information gain are selected to track target. Finally, the weight parameters for the tracking fusion are designed after
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Zhang, Yuanshi, Minghai Pan, and Qinghua Han. "Joint Sensor Selection and Power Allocation Algorithm for Multiple-Target Tracking of Unmanned Cluster Based on Fuzzy Logic Reasoning." Sensors 20, no. 5 (2020): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051371.

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The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cluster is gradually attracting more attention, which takes advantage over a traditional single manned platform. Because the size of the UAV platform limits the transmitting power of its own radar, how to reduce the transmitting power while meeting the detection accuracy is necessary. Aim at multiple-target tracking (MTT), a joint radar node selection and power allocation algorithm for radar networks is proposed. The algorithm first uses fuzzy logic reasoning (FLR) to obtain the priority of targets to radars, and designs a radar clustering algorithm based on t
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Bureneva, O. I., I. G. Gorbunov, G. V. Komarov, A. A. Konovalov, M. S. Kupriyanov, and Yu A. Shichkina. "A Prototype of Automotive 77 GHz Radar." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 24, no. 3 (2021): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2021-24-3-22-38.

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Introduction. Automotive radars are the main tools for providing traffic safety. The development of such radars involve a number of technical difficulties due to the manufacture of high-precision extremely high-frequency (EHF) printed circuit boards. To facilitate the process of creating such devices, the existing algorithms for radar information processing should be debugged using prototypes from manufacturers of mm-band transceivers. However, the parameters of such boards are not known in advance, and the actual operating conditions of the as-produced automotive radars raise new challenges t
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7

Hussein, Mahmoud Yahia. "Target Tracking Radar." IOSR Journal of Engineering 4, no. 5 (2014): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-04512328.

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8

Klare, Jens, Florian Behner, Claudio Carloni, et al. "The Future of Radar Space Observation in Europe—Major Upgrade of the Tracking and Imaging Radar (TIRA)." Remote Sensing 16, no. 22 (2024): 4197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16224197.

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The use of near-Earth space has grown dramatically during the last decades, resulting in thousands of active and inactive satellites and a huge amount of space debris. To observe and monitor the near-Earth space environment, radar systems play a major role as they can be operated at any time and under any weather conditions. The Tracking and Imaging Radar (TIRA) is one of the largest space observation radars in the world. It consists of a 34m Cassegrain antenna, a precise tracking radar, and a high-resolution imaging radar. Since the 1990s, TIRA contributes to the field of space domain awarene
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9

Revenko, V. Yu. "RADAR CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION AFFECTING THE TRACKING OF SHIP’S RADAR OBJECTS." Shipping & Navigation 33, no. 1 (2022): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31653/2306-5761.33.2022.106-110.

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In this paper, we consider the possibility of using the radar characteristics under precipitation conditions in order to reduce the echo signal’s negative impact on the object tracking performed by the ship’s radar. Precipitation particles’ size, state (solid or liquid phase), shape, and the factors that determine their combined action play an important role in echo signal formation. The rain particles’ size in comparison with the wavelength of the ship’s radar may contribute to the creation of a larger or smaller noise echo signal on the ship’s radar display. This signal’s power in the Raylei
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10

Zhao, Yong, and HongBing Fang. "Phased-Array Radar Array Signals Processing for Detecting, Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging and Tracking Integration." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2999, no. 1 (2025): 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2999/1/012053.

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Abstract Phased array radars are progressively replacing traditional radars to meet modern military requirements, particularly in target detection. The versatility of phased array radar enables the accomplishment of a broader range of functions through the application of diverse processing techniques. To achieve faster response speeds and gather more comprehensive target information during radar detection, we propose, for the first time, an integrated design for phased array radar that combines target detection, target inverse synthetic aperture imaging and trajectory tracking design based on
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11

Ilcev, Dimov Stojce. "Introduction to Coastal HF Maritime Surveillance Radars." Polish Maritime Research 26, no. 3 (2019): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2019-0056.

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Abstract This paper presents the main technical characteristics and working performances of coastal maritime surveillance radars, such as low-power High-Frequency Surface Wave Radars (HFSWR) and Over the Horizon Radars (OTHR). These radars have demonstrated to be a cost-effective long-range early-warning sensor for ship detection and tracking in coastal waters, sea channels and passages. In this work, multi-target tracking and data fusion techniques are applied to live-recorded data from a network of oceanographic HFSWR stations installed in Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN), Wellen Ra
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Xu, Wenwen, Jiankang Xiao, Dalong Xu, Hao Wang, and Jianyin Cao. "An Adaptive IMM Algorithm for a PD Radar with Improved Maneuvering Target Tracking Performance." Remote Sensing 16, no. 6 (2024): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16061051.

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A pulse-Doppler (PD) radar has the advantage of strong anti-interference ability, and it is often used as a solution for maneuvering target tracking. In the application of target monitoring and tracking in PD radars, the interacting multiple model algorithm (IMM) has become the main and preferred choice due to its flexibility and high accuracy. However, the probability transfer matrix in classical IMM algorithms generally depends on constant prior knowledge, and if a PD radar is tracking a strong maneuvering target, it is inevitable to encounter some limitations, such as the possibility of tar
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Tang, Taiwen, Chen Wu, and Janaka Elangage. "A Signal Processing Algorithm of Two-Phase Staggered PRI and Slow Time Signal Integration for MTI Triangular FMCW Multi-Target Tracking Radars." Sensors 21, no. 7 (2021): 2296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072296.

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In this paper, a novel signal processing algorithm for mitigating the radar blind speed problem of moving target indication (MTI) for frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multi-target tracking radars is proposed. A two-phase staggered pulse repetition interval (PRI) solution is introduced to the FMCW radar system. It is implemented as a time-varying MTI filter using twice the hardware resources as compared to a uniform PRI MTI filter. The two-phase staggered PRI FMCW waveform is still periodic with a little more than twice the period of the uniform PRI radar. We also propose a slow time
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14

Kim, Eun-Hee, Han-Saeng Kim, and Ki-Won Lee. "Range Dividing MIMO Waveform for Improving Tracking Performance." Sensors 21, no. 21 (2021): 7290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217290.

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A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) method that shares the same frequency band can efficiently increase radar performance. An essential element of a MIMO radar is the orthogonality of the waveform. Typically, orthogonality is obtained by spreading different signals into divided domains such as in time-domain multiplexing, frequency-domain multiplexing, and code domain multiplexing. This paper proposes a method of spreading the interference signals outside the range bins of interest for pulse doppler radars. This is achieved by changing the pulse repetition frequency under certain constrain
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15

Pak, Jung Min. "Finite Impulse Response Filter-Based Track Formation for Preceding Vehicle Tracking Using Automotive Radars." Sensors 22, no. 2 (2022): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020578.

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Automotive radars, which are used for preceding vehicle tracking, have attracted significant attention in recent years. However, the false measurements that occur in cluttered roadways hinders the tracking process in vehicles; thus, it is essential to develop automotive radar systems that are robust against false measurements. This study proposed a novel track formation algorithm to initialize the preceding vehicle tracking in automotive radar systems. The proposed algorithm is based on finite impulse response filtering, and exhibited significantly higher accuracy in highly cluttered environme
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16

Murthy, SGK, and M. V. R. Murthy. "Air Object Height Estimation with 2-D Radars using Fuzzy Logic." Defence Science Journal 61, no. 5 (2011): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.403.

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<p>Multi sensor tracking is a widely used technique in aerospace applications to estimate the target kinematics precisely. Particularly naval-based tracking systems utilize, different types of Radars (2-D, 3-D) in multi sensor tracking scenario for robust estimation. As the supplied information from 2-D Radar contains only range and azimuth values, it is difficult to estimate the height of an air object using 2-D Radar. In order to over come the limitation, a geometric method is considered to combine the information obtained from two 2-D Radars located in two different locations. As the
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17

Flórez Zuluaga, Jimmy Anderson. "Tracking y Multitracking Radar." Ciencia y Poder Aéreo 8, no. 1 (2013): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18667/cienciaypoderaereo.9.

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18

Carreck, Norman L., Juliet L. Osborne, Elizabeth A. Capaldi, and Joe R. Riley. "Tracking bees with radar." Bee World 80, no. 3 (1999): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005772x.1999.11099441.

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19

Klein, Mathieu, and Nicolas Millet. "Multireceiver passive radar tracking." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 27, no. 10 (2012): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2012.6373909.

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20

RAO, P. RAJESH, R. C. SAXENA, and S. K. BANERJEE. "Some aspects of accuracy of radar/satellite fixes of tropical cyclone over Bay of Bengal." MAUSAM 43, no. 4 (2021): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v43i4.3505.

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Consequent to installation of 10 cyclone detection radars and availability of INSAT observations availability of fixes* of cyclones by two or more radars and satellite has become a common feature during tracking of cyclones. Generally these fixes differ from each other to some extent. The paper presents a study of tracks of four cyclones in Bay of Bengal as determined by coastal radars and satellite. It is seen that satellite fix is generally closer to coast as compared to radar fix. Amongst radar fixes, the fix of radar closest to the storm may be considered as best fix of the system.
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21

Stojce Ilcev, Dimov. "Surveillance radars onboard stratospheric platform systems (SPS) for ship tracking." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (2018): 4191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.21104.

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In this article is proposed and described new solution for ship tracking via surveillance radars onboard of Stratospheric Platform Sys-tems (SPS) or as known as High Altitude Platforms (HAP). Such tracking system has significant competitive edge in contrast to the surveillance radar at shore or onboard ships, aircraft and spacecraft. The idea and proposal of employing Tracking Surveillance Radars (TSR) onboard SPS is novel and very cost effective as well. Such a system is suitable to be implemented for control of maritime traffic and tracking of ships at sea, approaching to the anchorage, in p
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22

Xue, Xirui, Shucai Huang, Daozhi Wei, and Jiahao Xie. "Multiradar Joint Tracking of Cluster Targets Based on Graph-LSTMs." Journal of Sensors 2022 (November 14, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8556477.

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The cluster target brings a serious challenge to the traditional multisensor multitarget tracking algorithm because of its large number of members and the cooperative interaction between members. Using multiradar joint tracking cluster target is an alternative method to solve the problem of cluster target tracking, but it inevitably brings the problem of radar-target assignment and tracking information fusion. Aiming at the problem of radar-target assignment and tracking information fusion, a joint tracking method based on graph-long short-term memory neural nets (Graph-LSTMs) is proposed. Fir
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23

Hu, Guanzheng, Xin Fang, Darong Huang, and Zhenyuan Zhang. "ESCI: An End-to-End Spatiotemporal Correlation Integration Framework for Low-Observable Extended UAV Tracking with Cascade MIMO Radar Subject to Mixed Interferences." Electronics 14, no. 11 (2025): 2181. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14112181.

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Continuous and robust trajectory tracking of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) plays a crucial role in urban air transportation systems. Accordingly, this article presents an end-to-end spatiotemporal correlation integration (ESCI)-based UAV tracking framework by leveraging a high-resolution cascade multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar. On this account, a novel joint anti-interference detection and tracking system for weak extended targets is presented in this paper; the proposed method handles them jointly by integrating a continuous detection process into tracking. It not only eliminate
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Palamarchuk, Yu O., S. V. Ivanov, and I. G. Ruban. "The digitizing algorithm for precipitation in the atmosphere on the base of radar measurements." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 18 (October 29, 2017): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.18.2016.05.

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There is an increasing demand for automated high-quality very-short-range forecasts and nowcasts of precipitation on small scales and at high update frequencies. Current prediction systems use different methods of determining precipitation such as area tracking, individual cell tracking and numerical models. All approaches are based on radar measurements. World-leading manufactories of meteorological radars and attendant visualization software are introduced in the paper. Advantages of the numerical modelling against inertial schemes designed on statistical characteristics of convective proces
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Veerabathini, Surender, Sudhakara Reddy Penubolu, and Ramana Reddy Penubolu. "RCS Modeling and Validation of Full Scale Launch Vehicle for its Real Time Dynamic Trajectory." Defence Science Journal 73, no. 5 (2023): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.73.18193.

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Radar Cross Section (RCS) plays a significant role in detecting and tracking the space-based objects such as launch vehicles, missiles, aircrafts etc. In space applications, Radar systems are used to track and provide real-time trajectory information of the satellite launch vehicles after the lift off from the launch pad for range safety purpose. RCS is a critical key parameter that determines tracking performance of the Radar and it is highly dependent on both Radar operating parameters and the target characteristics. For space-based applications, a good quantity of RCS is required for quick
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Chen, Weishi. "Interactive processing of radar target detection and tracking." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 9 (2018): 1337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-07-2016-0115.

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Purpose An interactive processing scheme is proposed to improve the target detection probability as well as the tracking performance of the radar system. Design/methodology/approach Firstly, with the spatial-correlated features extracted from the foreground and background statistical models, the thresholds were adapted to distinguish the dim small targets from clutters in the complex incoherent radar images. Then, the target trajectories were constructed with the target tracking algorithm. According to the temporal correlation with the target life cycle, the thresholding values were modified i
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Yang, Qingwei, Libing Jiang, Shuyu Zheng, Yingjian Zhao, and Zhuang Wang. "Joint Power and Bandwidth Allocation with RCS Fluctuation Characteristic for Space Target Tracking." Remote Sensing 15, no. 16 (2023): 3971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15163971.

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Reasonable allocation of space-based radar resources is a crucial aspect of improving the accuracy of space multi-target tracking and enhancing spatial awareness. The conventional resource allocation algorithm fails to exploit the high dynamic radar cross-section (RCS) characteristics, resulting in poor tracking robustness, tracking divergence, or even loss of tracking. However, the RCS of space targets fluctuates considerably in actual tracking scenarios, which cannot be disregarded for space target tracking tasks. To address this issue, we propose an adaptive allocation method that considers
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Shen, Zichao, Jose Nunez-Yanez, and Naim Dahnoun. "Advanced Millimeter-Wave Radar System for Real-Time Multiple-Human Tracking and Fall Detection." Sensors 24, no. 11 (2024): 3660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113660.

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This study explored an indoor system for tracking multiple humans and detecting falls, employing three Millimeter-Wave radars from Texas Instruments. Compared to wearables and camera methods, Millimeter-Wave radar is not plagued by mobility inconveniences, lighting conditions, or privacy issues. We conducted an initial evaluation of radar characteristics, covering aspects such as interference between radars and coverage area. Then, we established a real-time framework to integrate signals received from these radars, allowing us to track the position and body status of human targets non-intrusi
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Kiss, Ádám, and Levente Dudás. "A Tracking Method in FM Broadcast-based Passive Radar Systems." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public 20, no. 1 (2021): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2021.1.5.

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Passive radars are popular because without the expensive, high-power-rated RF components, they are much cheaper than the active ones, nevertheless, they are much harder to detect from their electromagnetic emission. Passive radars produce so-called RV matrices in an intermediate signal processing step. Although accurate RV matrices are found in DVBT-based passive radars, the characteristics of the FM signals are not always suitable for this purpose. In those situations, further signal processing causes false alarms and unreliable plots, misleads the tracker, and consumes power for processing u
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Washburn, Brian E., David Maher, Scott F. Beckerman, Siddhartha Majumdar, Craig K. Pullins, and Travis L. Guerrant. "Monitoring Raptor Movements with Satellite Telemetry and Avian Radar Systems: An Evaluation for Synchronicity." Remote Sensing 14, no. 11 (2022): 2658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14112658.

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Avian radar technologies have the potential to serve an important role in the quantification of bird movements and determining patterns of bird use in areas where human–wildlife conflicts might occur (e.g., airports, wind energy facilities). Ground-truthing studies are needed to help wildlife managers understand the biological meaning of radar information, as the capabilities and limitations of these technologies are relatively unknown. We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of three X-band marine radar sensors for tracking red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) on or near the airfield at
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Muth, X., M. Schneebeli, and A. Berne. "A sun-tracking method to improve the pointing accuracy of weather radar." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 5, no. 3 (2012): 547–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-547-2012.

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Abstract. Accurate positioning of data collected by a weather radar is of primary importance for their appropriate georeferencing, which in turn makes it possible to combine those with additional sources of information (topography, land cover maps, meteorological simulations from numerical weather models to list a few). This issue is especially acute for mobile radar systems, for which accurate and stable leveling might be difficult to ensure. The sun is a source of microwave radiation, which can be detected by weather radars and used for accurate positioning of radar data. This paper presents
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Richter, Yair, Shlomo Zach, Maxi Y. Blum, Gad A. Pinhasi, and Yosef Pinhasi. "Tracking of Low Radar Cross-Section Super-Sonic Objects Using Millimeter Wavelength Doppler Radar and Adaptive Digital Signal Processing." Remote Sensing 17, no. 4 (2025): 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17040650.

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Small targets with low radar cross-section (RCS) and high velocities are very hard to track by radar as long as the frequent variations in speed and location demand shorten the integration temporal window. In this paper, we propose a technique for tracking evasive targets using a continuous wave (CW) radar array of multiple transmitters operating in the millimeter wavelength (MMW). The scheme is demonstrated to detect supersonic moving objects, such as rifle projectiles, with extremely short integration times while utilizing an adaptive processing algorithm of the received signal. Operation at
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Muth, X., M. Schneebeli, and A. Berne. "A sun-tracking method to improve the pointing accuracy of weather radar." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 4 (2011): 5569–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-5569-2011.

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Abstract. Accurate positioning of data collected by a weather radar is of primary importance for their appropriate georeferencing, which in turn makes it possible to combine those with additional sources of information (topography, land cover maps, meteorological simulations from numerical weather models to list a few). This issue is especially acute for mobile radar systems, for which accurate and stable levelling might be difficult to ensure. The sun is a source of microwave radiation, which can be detected by weather radars and used for the accurate positioning of the radar data. This paper
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Chai, Qian Long, Yu Long Bai, and Cun Hui Dong. "Radar Target Tracking Error Research Using Kalman Filter-Based Algorithms." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 1184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.1184.

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The methods of radar target tracking have a substantial effect on the accuracy of the whole radar systems. The basic principles and implementing steps of the Extended Kalman filter (the EKF) and the Unscented Kalman filter (the UKF) are briefly introduced. The main sources of radar observation errors and the limitation of the current methods are analyzed. According to the requirements of tracking a CV target, the EKF and the UKF are used to simulate the experiments by establishing the specific model of radar target tracking. The results show that the tracking errors can be constrained within a
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Ľoncová, Jana, and Ján Ochodnický. "Adaptive Algorithms in Radar Signal Processing." Science & Military 19, no. 1 (2024): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2024.1.15-25.

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The development of modern technologies has fundamentally transformed the field of radar signal and data processing. With the use of advanced algorithms and computational power, radars are now capable of extracting crucial information from received signals, facilitating improved target identification and tracking. This article presents some of the advanced technologies employed in radar signal and data processing and their impact on adaptability of radar systems. It traces the evolution of radar technology from old systems to the present, emphasizing the benefits of adaptive radar signal proces
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Wei, Yuan, Tao Hong, and Michel Kadoch. "Improved Kalman Filter Variants for UAV Tracking with Radar Motion Models." Electronics 9, no. 5 (2020): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050768.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have made a huge influence on our everyday life with maturity of technology and more extensive applications. Tracking UAVs has become more and more significant because of not only their beneficial location-based service, but also their potential threats. UAVs are low-altitude, slow-speed, and small targets, which makes it possible to track them with mobile radars, such as vehicle radars and UAVs with radars. Kalman filter and its variant algorithms are widely used to extract useful trajectory information from data mixed with noise. Applying those filter algorithm
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Apurv, Singh, Yadav Anushka, Punem Kushal, Sahu Urmi, Prasad Kauleshwar, and Kumar Bhawnani Dinesh. "Object Detection and Tracking System (ODTP)." Research and Reviews: Advancement in Robotics 5, no. 1 (2022): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6629732.

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ODTP is an object detection system that uses Microwaves. Microwaves are radio waves which uses soundwaves to determine the Distance as well as Speed of the object. In this project, we can also predict the time of approach of the moving object. This project mainly focuses on making a Radar System that is cheaper and more efficient. In this paper, we designed a radar combined with an object detection system using 4 Ultrasonic sensors, Arduino UNO R3, Breadboard, Jumper wires, LEDs, Resistors and for displaying the output we have used an OLED display. The model detects any object be it still or m
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Xiong, Jiu Liang, Zhuang Zhi Han, and Hong Xu. "Study on Intermittent Target Tracking in Fire-Control Radar Network." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.187.

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Intermittent target tracking (ITT) method is proposed based on radar network theory to keep the tracking precision while resisting anti-radiation missile effectively. ITT theory is analyzed first. Then, three relevant evaluation indexes and an improved adaptive sampling algorithm are proposed. Under the same condition, this paper simulated three different target tracking methods, i.e., single radar in ITT, single radar in fixed sampling period tracking and tracking method proposed in the paper. Simulation results show the validity of the method proposed in the paper.
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Karvonen, Juha. "Tracking the motion of recognizable sea-ice objects from coastal radar image sequences." Annals of Glaciology 54, no. 62 (2013): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013aog62a042.

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AbstractThe Finnish Meteorological Institute has installed image-capturing devices on some Baltic Sea coastal radars for operational sea-ice monitoring and ice product validation. These devices produce radar images, which are saved operationally at about every 2 min. These data can efficiently be utilized in automated tracking of ice motion over sequences of radar images. Reliable estimates of point-wise ice drift can be used as virtual drifter buoys to validate fine-scale ice models. For this purpose we have developed an algorithm, which first locates objects that can reliably be recognized f
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Dore, Alexandre, Cristian Pasquaretta, Dominique Henry, et al. "A Non-Invasive Millimetre-Wave Radar Sensor for Automated Behavioural Tracking in Precision Farming—Application to Sheep Husbandry." Sensors 21, no. 23 (2021): 8140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21238140.

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The automated quantification of the behaviour of freely moving animals is increasingly needed in applied ethology. State-of-the-art approaches often require tags to identify animals, high computational power for data collection and processing, and are sensitive to environmental conditions, which limits their large-scale utilization, for instance in genetic selection programs of animal breeding. Here we introduce a new automated tracking system based on millimetre-wave radars for real time robust and high precision monitoring of untagged animals. In contrast to conventional video tracking syste
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Liu, Yan Ju, Chun Xiang Xie, and Jian Hui Song. "Research on Fusion Tracking Technology in Heterogeneous Multi-Sensor." Advanced Materials Research 1056 (October 2014): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1056.158.

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Heterogeneous multi-sensor’s fusion tracking can detect precise distance and angle to the target. For heterogeneous multi-sensor issues, radar, infrared sensor and laser sensor’s data fusion, and target tracking are studied, weighted fusion algorithm based on Lagrange and unscented kalman filter are adopted, which make date fusion and tracking filtering for target. Simulation results show that the radar / infrared / laser sensors can realize data fusion and tracking to the target, and the accuracy is significantly higher than radar and infrared/laser, and then tracking effect is better.
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Rao, G. Kumaraswamy, Sreehari Rao, and Sudhir Kumar Chaudhuri. "Networking of Tracking Radars of Two Different SAM Weapons to Protect the Missile in Intensive Jamming Environment." Defence Science Journal 68, no. 1 (2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.68.10993.

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<p class="p1">Many countries including India use the Russian made SAM-3 (Pechora) surface-to-air missile (SAM) weapon systems to protect their strategic and tactical infrastructure. The mathematical computations done in this paper, conclusively prove<span class="s1">s </span>that SA-125 low-blow tracking radar of Pechora is vulnerable to jamming. A project was undertaken to overcome the jamming vulnerability of Pechora aiming to design and develop an electronic counter counter measure system. This system networked the Pechora tracking radar with a western tracking radar, Flyc
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Gaitanakis, George-Konstantinos, George Limnaios, and Konstantinos C. Zikidis. "On the use of AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) Radar and IRST (InfraRed Search&Track) System to Detect and Track Low Observable Threats." MATEC Web of Conferences 304 (2019): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930404001.

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The radar has been indisputably the most important sensor in the battlefield, allowing early warning and tracking of air vehicles. Modern fighter ircraft employing AESA fire control radars are able to acquire and track targets at long ranges, in the order of 50 nautical miles or more. However, the proliferation of low observable or stealth technology has contested radar capabilities, reducing their detection / tracking ranges roughly to one third. This degradation is more severe concerning fighter aircraft radars, since most stealth threats are optimised for higher frequency bands, as in the c
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Riley, J. R., A. D. Smith, D. R. Reynolds, et al. "Tracking bees with harmonic radar." Nature 379, no. 6560 (1996): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/379029b0.

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Chiani, Marco, Andrea Giorgetti, and Enrico Paolini. "Sensor Radar for Object Tracking." Proceedings of the IEEE 106, no. 6 (2018): 1022–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2018.2819697.

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Kosuge, Yoshio, Hiroshi Kameda, and Seiji Mano. "Preprocessing in radar tracking filters." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 81, no. 2 (1998): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6424(199802)81:2<33::aid-ecja4>3.0.co;2-a.

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Kota, John S., and Antonia Papandreou-Suppappola. "Joint Design of Transmit Waveforms for Object Tracking in Coexisting Multimodal Sensing Systems." Sensors 19, no. 8 (2019): 1753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081753.

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We examine a multiple object tracking problem by jointly optimizing the transmit waveforms used in a multimodal system. Coexisting sensors in this system were assumed to share the same spectrum. Depending on the application, a system can include radars tracking multiple targets or multiuser wireless communications and a radar tracking both multiple messages and a target. The proposed spectral coexistence approach was based on designing all transmit waveforms to have the same time-varying phase function while optimizing desirable performance metrics. Considering the scenario of tracking a targe
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Malanowski, Mateusz. "Algorithm for Target Tracking Using Passive Radar." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 58, no. 4 (2012): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10177-012-0047-x.

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Abstract In the paper the problem of target tracking in passive radar is addressed. Passive radar measures bistatic parameters of a target: bistatic range and bistatic velocity. The aim of the tracking algorithm is to convert the bistatic measurements into Cartesian coordinates. In the paper a two-stage tracking algorithm is presented, using bistatic and Cartesian tracking. In addition, a target localization algorithm is applied to initialize Cartesian tracks from bistatic measurements. The tracking algorithm is tested using simulated and real data. The real data were obtained from an FM-based
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Huansheng, N., C. Weishi, and L. Jing. "Radar target tracking in cluttered environment based on particle filtering." Aeronautical Journal 114, no. 1155 (2010): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000003754.

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Abstract This paper deals with the problem of radar target tracking in cluttered environment from plane position indicator (PPI) radar images collected by low-cost incoherent radar. For this purpose a new five-step technique is proposed, including background subtraction, clutter suppression, measurements extraction, tracking and data fusion; the tracking step uses a particle filtering based data association method. Radar measurements, including target information and clutter interference, are checked whether it belongs to tracking target by data association with Kalman predicted state. If the
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Roarty, Hugh J., Erick Rivera Lemus, Ethan Handel, Scott M. Glenn, Donald E. Barrick, and James Isaacson. "Performance Evaluation of SeaSonde High-Frequency Radar for Vessel Detection." Marine Technology Society Journal 45, no. 3 (2011): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.45.3.2.

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AbstractHigh-frequency (HF) surface wave radar has been identified to be a gap-filling technology for Maritime Domain Awareness. Present SeaSonde HF radars have been designed to map surface currents but are able to track surface vessels in a dual-use mode. Rutgers and CODAR Ocean Sensors, Ltd., have collaborated on the development of vessel detection and tracking capabilities from compact HF radars, demonstrating that ships can be detected and tracked by multistatic HF radar in a multiship environment while simultaneously mapping ocean currents. Furthermore, the same vessel is seen simultaneou
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