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Journal articles on the topic 'Trade regulation – South Africa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Hagenmeier, Cornelius, Tapiwa Shumba, and Obeng Mireku. "THE ADMISSION AND ENROLMENT OF FOREIGN LEGAL PRACTITIONERS IN SOUTH AFRICA UNDER THE LEGAL PRACTICE ACT: INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVES." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 19 (July 25, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2016/v19i0a734.

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Globalisation requires ever closer co-operation between legal professionals hailing from different national jurisdictions. This interactive global environment has fostered growing international training and mobility among legal practitioners and the internationalisation of legal education. Increasing numbers of law students get trained in other countries as part of their undergraduate degrees or even come to foreign shores to obtain law degrees. Many students hailing from other African countries study towardsLLBdegrees at South African universities. Major commercial law firms ensure that they

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Tayob, Shaheed. "Trading Halal: Halal Certification and Intra-Muslim Trade in South Africa." Sociology of Islam 8, no. 3-4 (2020): 322–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-08030003.

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Abstract Halal certification introduces a new discursive and material basis for the regulation of Muslim consumption in a world of global trade and complex food technology. Through chemical tests and state of the art supply chain management the halal certification industry aims to replace the necessity of intra-Muslim trade for the practice of halal. This paper presents the approach of two competing halal certification organizations in South Africa in interaction with Muslim businesses. It argues that the aim of the halal certification industry to standardize, trace and trade in halal is limit

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du Plessis, Anél, and Louis J. Kotzé. "REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN BIODIVERSITY RESOURCES: TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE TRADE IN SOUTH AFRICA." Tilburg Law Review 13, no. 4 (2007): 335–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221125907x00146.

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Schutte, Petri, and Jozua Loots. "Transfer pricing as strategic planning tool for multinational enterprises in a post-isolation South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 5, no. 3 (2002): 683–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v5i3.2748.

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Political and trade liberalisation leads to irrevocable change, exposing South Africa to the demands of the dynamic global market, driven by a deluge of competitive forces, demanding world-class, global competitiveness. The challenge facing South African organisations is to successfully transform in an economy undergoing structural change, moving away from import substitution to global competitiveness. Historically, stringent exchange controls prevented profits to emigrate from South Africa. Trade liberalisation necessitates the introduction of transfer pricing legislation to protect the natio

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Poole, Colin M., and Chris R. Shepherd. "Shades of grey: the legal trade in CITES-listed birds in Singapore, notably the globally threatened African grey parrot Psittacus erithacus." Oryx 51, no. 3 (2016): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605314000234.

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AbstractThere are few published studies quantifying the volume of wildlife being traded through Singapore. We report on Singapore's involvement in the trade of avifauna listed on CITES based on government-reported data to CITES, with particular emphasis on Singapore's role in the trade of the globally threatened African grey parrot Psittacus erithacus. During 2005–2014 Singapore reported commercial import permits for 225,561 birds, from 35 countries, listed on CITES Appendices I and II, and the export of 136,912 similarly listed birds to 37 countries, highlighting the country's role as a major

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Van der Merwe, Johannes, Philippus Cloete, and Herman Van Schalkwyk. "The competitive status of the South African Wheat Industry." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 9, no. 3 (2016): 651–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v9i3.63.

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This article investigates the competitiveness of the South African wheat industry and compares it to its major trade partners. Since 1997, the wheat-to-bread value chain has been characterised by concentration of ownership and regulation. This led to concerns that the local wheat market is losing international competitiveness. The competitive status of the wheat industry, and its sub-sectors, is determined through the estimation of the relative trade advantage (RTA). The results revealed declining competitiveness of local wheat producers. Compared to the major global wheat producers, such as A

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Van Eck, Stefan. "Temporary Employment Services (Labour Brokers) in South Africa and Namibia." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 13, no. 2 (2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2010/v13i2a2642.

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South Africa currently allows labour broking although this area of commerce is problematic. The trade union movement, government and organised business are presently debating the future regulation of this industry. Namibia has experimented with, and failed, to place a legislative ban on labour broking. The Supreme Court of Appeal of Namibia considered International Labour Organisation conventions and provisions of their Constitution before concluding that labour broking should be regulated but not prohibited. In this article it is argued that South African policy makers can gain valuable insig

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Coals, Peter, Andrew Loveridge, Dominic Kurian, Vivienne L. Williams, David W. Macdonald, and Rob Ogden. "DART mass spectrometry as a potential tool for the differentiation of captive-bred and wild lion bones." Biodiversity and Conservation 30, no. 6 (2021): 1825–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02170-2.

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AbstractIn recent years lion bones have been legally traded internationally to Asian markets from captive-bred sources in South Africa. There are also indications of increasing instances of illegal international trade in wild lion bones. The existence of parallel captive and wild supplies of lion bone are a cause of law enforcement concern regarding the potential for the laundering of illegally sourced bones through legal trade, and present a problem for the assessment of the conservation impact of wild lion bone trade due to the difficulty of determining what market-share wild and captive-bre

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Batsirai, Shayanewako Varaidzo, Asrat Tsegaye, and Yohane Khamfula. "The Nexus between Macro-Prudential Banking Regulation, Interest Rate Spread and Monetary Policy in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 6A (2019): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i6a.2670.

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This study is an empirical attempt to investigate the nexus between macro-prudential banking regulation, interest rate spread and monetary policy in South Africa. The effectiveness of monetary policy and alarmingly wide interest rate spread has been a contentious issue in the corridors of central banks across the globe in this lifetime. This has been largely because monetary policy alone proved to be less efficient in mitigating the effects of systemic risk, particularly during the 2007 financial crisis, necessitating the need for macro-prudential banking regulation. Time series dataset spanni

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Waetjen, Thembisa. "The Politics of Narcotic Medicines in Early Twentieth-Century South Africa." Social History of Medicine 32, no. 3 (2018): 586–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hky004.

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Summary Controls over trade and consumption of narcotic medicines emerged as both a concern and emblem of progressive governance around the turn of the twentieth century. This article traces political struggles over drugs regulation in the case of colonial South Africa. It focuses on two parallel streams of law-making by the British occupation regime in the Transvaal, following the Anglo-Boer war. Controversies over the availability of traditional ‘Dutch medicines’ to Boer farmers and prohibitions of certain patent medicines to African consumers were elements of, and contradictions within, the

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Green, Jennah, Catherine Jakins, Louise de Waal, and Neil D’Cruze. "Ending Commercial Lion Farming in South Africa: A Gap Analysis Approach." Animals 11, no. 6 (2021): 1717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061717.

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African lions (Panthera leo) are commercially farmed across South Africa for sport hunting, tourism, and the international bone trade, primarily in Southeast Asia. Despite its legal status, South Africa’s growing lion farming industry is a contentious issue. In 2020 a high-level panel was initiated to review the policies, legislation, and management regarding the breeding, hunting, trade, and handling of four wildlife species, including lions. In May 2021, it was announced that the government intends to amend existing permit conditions to prohibit lion breeding and tourism interactions with ca

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Khanderia, Saloni. "The Compatibility of South African Anti-Dumping Laws with WTO Disciplines." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 25, no. 3 (2017): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2017.0199.

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This article evaluates the compatibility of South African laws on anti-dumping with the WTO disciplines set forth in the Anti-Dumping Agreement. It analyses the provisions of the International Trade Administration Act 2002 and the Anti-Dumping Regulations 2005 to examine whether South Africa has been adhering to its WTO obligations. The South African law on this subject is largely incompatible with its WTO counterpart in matters of, inter alia, the calculation of the constructed export price, the determination of material injury and a causal relationship, the imposition of provisional and defi

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Fourie, E. S. "Non-Standard Workers: The South African Context, International Law and Regulation by The European Union." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 11, no. 4 (2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2008/v11i4a2787.

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The current labour market has many forms of employment relations that differ from full-time employment. "Atypical," "non-standard," or even "marginal" are terms used to describe these new workers and include, amongst others, parttime work, contract work, self-employment, temporary, fixed-term, seasonal, casual, piece-rate work, employees supplied by employment agencies, home workers and those employed in the informal economy. These workers are often paid for results rather than time. Their vulnerability is linked in many instances to the absence of an employment relationship or the existence o

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LICHTENSTEIN, ALEX. "MAKING APARTHEID WORK: AFRICAN TRADE UNIONS AND THE 1953 NATIVE LABOUR (SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES) ACT IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of African History 46, no. 2 (2005): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853704000441.

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Most analyses of apartheid labor policy focus on the regulation of the labor market rather than the industrial workplace. Instead, this article investigates the administration of South Africa's 1953 Native Labour (Settlement of Disputes) Act to examine shop-floor control rather than influx control. The article argues that in response to the threat of African trade unionism, apartheid policymakers in the Department of Labour addressed the problem of low African wages and expanded the use of ‘works committees’. By shifting the debate about capitalism and apartheid away from influx control and mi

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Charman, Andrew, Clare Herrick, and Leif Petersen. "Formalising urban informality: micro-enterprise and the regulation of liquor in Cape Town." Journal of Modern African Studies 52, no. 4 (2014): 623–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x14000615.

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ABSTRACTIn early 2012, South Africa's Western Cape Province enacted new alcohol control legislation amid mounting concern with the costs of alcohol-related harms. This has focused on urban shebeen closure to control the informal, unlicensed trade and the harms it generates through crime, violence and injury. In contrast to policy discourse, this paper contends that rather than existingoutside regulation, the city's shebeeners embrace multiple (self and collective) regulatory strategies to manage the inherent risks of their own informality. Drawing on novel empirical data including a ‘business

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Weideman, Jeanette, and Leonie Stander. "European and American Perspectives on the Choice of Law Regarding Cross-Border Insolvencies of Multinational Corporations – Suggestions for South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 15, no. 5 (2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2012/v15i5a2522.

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An increase in economic globalisation and international trade has amounted to an increase in the number of multinational enterprises that have debt, own assets and conduct business in various jurisdictions around the world. This, coupled with the recent worldwide economic recession, has inevitably caused the increased occurrence of multinational financial default, also known as cross-border insolvency (CBI). The legal response to this trend has, inter alia, produced two important international instruments that were designed to address key issues associated with CBI. Firstly, the United Nations

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Novoa, Ana, Haylee Kaplan, Sabrina Kumschick, John R. U. Wilson, and David M. Richardson. "Soft Touch or Heavy Hand? Legislative Approaches for Preventing Invasions: Insights from Cacti in South Africa." Invasive Plant Science and Management 8, no. 3 (2015): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-14-00073.1.

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AbstractThe rate of transportation, introduction, dissemination, and spread of nonnative species is increasing despite growing global awareness of the extent and impact of biological invasions. Effective policies are needed to prevent an increase in the significant negative environmental and economic impacts caused by invasive species. Here we explore this issue in the context of the history of invasion and subsequent regulation of cacti introduced to South Africa. We consider seven approaches to restricting trade by banning the following: (1) species already invasive in the region, (2) specie

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Adewale, Aregbeshola R. "Financial Regulation, Credit Consumption And Economic Growth An Analysis Of The National Credit Act In South Africa." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 30, no. 2 (2014): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v30i2.8406.

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Credit consumptions are as old as human creation. Evidence suggests that more than two third of the consumer population in the developed world lives on credit, and the volume of trade credits have grown steadily over the past decade. The increase in credit consumption has hurled an unprecedented level of economic growth. However, recent strains placed on the macroeconomic fundamentals by credit mismanagement have resulted in a series of policy interventions to ensure a guided process of credit consumption. While credit consumption regulation is not a new phenomenon, the recent spates of interv

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Pieterse, Marius. "Rights, Regulation and Bureaucratic Impact: The Impact of Human Rights Litigation on the Regulation of Informal Trade in Johannesburg." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 20 (January 10, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2017/v20i0a1294.

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In contemplating the extent to which rights-based litigation is conducive to positive social change, attention ought to be paid to the bureaucratic impact of court judgments that vindicate rights against the State. As a case study of such impact, this article considers the effects of human rights litigation on the regulation of informal trade in the City of Johannesburg, where a 2013 attempt by local government to clamp down on informal trade in the central business district (CBD) led to high-profile court action. After describing and problematising the City's general approach to managing info

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Moyo, Vusani. "Navigating The Debt-Equity Decisions Of Financial Services Firms: Some Evidence From South Africa." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 32, no. 2 (2016): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v32i2.9586.

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Empirical studies on the impact of regulation on the financial policies of banks have documented that unconstrained forward-looking banks with sufficient franchise value build and actively maintain capital buffers. This financing behaviour thus relegates the regulatory intervention to non-binding and of secondary importance. This study used a sample of 29 financial services firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) during the period 2003 to 2012 to test for the validity of the market timing, pecking order and the dynamic trade-off theories in explaining the financing behaviour of f

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Echols, Marsha A. "Geographical Indications for Foods, Trips and the Doha Development Agenda." Journal of African Law 47, no. 2 (2003): 199–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855303002092.

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Geographical indications (GI's) for foods link a quality or characteristic of a product to its locality of origin. GI's usually represent traditional or artisanal knowledge and techniques, yet they are recognized as a form of intellectual property. A GI may propel a food or beverage product from commodity status (blue cheese) into the high value niche or gourmet market (Roquefort cheese) and, consequently, can have a positive social and economic impact on farmers and rural development. African teas, coffees and other special products might benefit from greater international recognition and pro

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Williamson, J., O. Maurin, S. N. S. Shiba, et al. "Exposing the illegal trade in cycad species (Cycadophyta:Encephalartos) at two traditional medicine markets in South Africa using DNA barcoding." Genome 59, no. 9 (2016): 771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2016-0032.

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Species in the cycad genus Encephalartos are listed in CITES Appendix I and as Threatened or Protected Species in terms of South Africa’s National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (NEM:BA) of 2004. Despite regulations, illegal plant harvesting for medicinal trade has continued in South Africa and resulted in declines in cycad populations and even complete loss of sub-populations. Encephalartos is traded at traditional medicine markets in South Africa in the form of bark strips and stem sections; thus, determining the species traded presents a major challenge due to a lack of characte

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Sultan, Arif. "WTO SUCCESSOR TO GATT." American Journal of Islam and Society 14, no. 2 (1997): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i2.2248.

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Within a short span of time a number of economic blocs have emergedon the world horizon. In this race, all countriedeveloped, developingand underdeveloped-are included. Members of the North America FreeTrade Agreement (NAITA) and the European Economic Community(EEC) are primarily of the developed countries, while the EconomicCooperation Organization (ECO) and the Association of South EastAsian Nations (ASEAN) are of the developing and underdevelopedAsian countries.The developed countries are scrambling to create hegemonies throughthe General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT). In these circu

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STILES, DANIEL. "The ivory trade and elephant conservation." Environmental Conservation 31, no. 4 (2004): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892904001614.

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In response to significant elephant population declines in the 1970s and 1980s because of poaching for ivory, the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) banned the international trade in Asian and African elephant species by listing them on Appendix I in 1973 and 1989, respectively. Many southern African countries disagreed with the African elephant trade ban and have continued to argue against it since the mid-1980s. They maintain that their governments practise sound wildlife management policies and actions and, as a consequence, their nat

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Vinti, Clive. "A SPRING WITHOUT WATER: THE CONUNDRUM OF ANTI-DUMPING DUTIES IN SOUTH AFRICAN LAW." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 19 (September 22, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2016/v19i0a723.

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The Agreement on the Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (Anti-Dumping Agreement), permits the imposition of anti-dumping duties for as long and to the extent necessary to counteract dumping which is causing injury subject to the proviso that they must be terminated after five years unless a sunset review has been initiated. Sunset review has the purpose of either permitting or terminating the continuation of an anti-dumping duty. This is significant because if the sunset review is not initiated prior to the expiry of the five year period, the anti-d

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Mzangwa, Shadrack Themba. "Unionised strikes’ dynamics and economic performance: An exploratory study." Corporate Ownership and Control 14, no. 3 (2017): 354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i3c2art10.

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Legally, the freedom of association and the formation of trade and worker unions are part of the fundamental human rights bestowed on the citizens in the Constitution of South Africa, as clearly spelt out in Section 23 and 77(1) of the Labour Relations Act (1995) for employees who are not engaged in essential services. Under the Labour Relations Act (1995), trade unions are granted the right to strike in order to seek better conditions of service. However, there is an increasing concern that the rate of industrial actions or unionised strikes are getting out of hand, especially in recent times

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Botes, Anri. "The History of Labour Hire in Namibia: A Lesson for South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, no. 1 (2017): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i1a2320.

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Labour hire, the practice of hiring out employees to clients by a labour broker, has been a part of Namibia’s history since the early 1900s in the form of the contract labour system. This form of employment was characterized by inhumanity and unfair labour practices. These employees were subjected to harsh working conditions, inhumane living conditions and influx control. The contract labour system continued until 1977, when it was abolished by the General Law Amendment Proclamation of 1977. It was during the 1990s that the hiring out of employees returned in the form of labour hire. It contin

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Ofoegbu, C., and C. Ifejika Speranza. "Discourses on sustainable forest management and their integration into climate policies in South Africa." International Forestry Review 23, no. 2 (2021): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554821832952762.

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In South Africa, forests can play an important role in achieving the broader goals of climate change mitigation and adaptation. However, national policies on climate change mitigation and adaptation seem to narrow the potential contributions of the forest sector to climate protection targets. This is largely because of the divergence between the management goals of forests for climate protection, and products for both industries and livelihoods. This article uses discourse analysis as a methodological tool to analyze South Africa's climate and forest policies to identify the discourses shaping

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Badran, Mona Farid. "Economic impact of data localization in five selected African countries." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20, no. 4 (2018): 337–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-01-2018-0002.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to quantify the impact of laws and regulations that govern the cross-border flow of data on the economies of five selected African countries, namely, Egypt, Morocco, South Africa, Kenya and Mauritius. Moreover, this study addresses the state of cloud computing in Africa. Finally, policy recommendations are provided in this respect. Design/methodology/approach To reach accurate finding the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) data was used, and then the computable general equilibrium (CGE) was computed to estimate the total cost on the economy. Using the thr

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Rivers-Moore, N. A., and R. W. Palmer. "The influence of turbidity and water temperature on black fly species in the middle and lower Orange River, South Africa." Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, no. 6 (2018): 614–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0285.

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Water clarity in the Orange River of South Africa alternates between highly turbid and clearer conditions. Multiple ecological effects result from this that affect aquatic community structure and species composition, including switching of dominant black fly species and growth of benthic algae. Fourteen sites in the middle and lower Orange River were sampled for black fly species and abundances, presence of benthic algae, and water quality and turbidity seasonally between November 2015 and December 2016. Logistic regression models, time series analyses, and multivariate ordinations showed that

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Kamga, Serges Djoyou, and Ogehcukwu O. Ajoku. "Reflections on how to Address the Violations of Human Rights by Extractive Industries in Africa: A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria and South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 1 (2017): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i1a2255.

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Transnational companies (TNCs) in general and those operating in the extractive industry sector in particular have an impact on the realisation of human rights. Yet under international human rights law, instruments regulating TNCs’ obligations in terms of human rights are non-binding. Consequently, the state in which TNCs operate remains the only duty bearer of human rights and should ensure that companies under its jurisdiction comply with human rights. The aim of this article is to examine the extent to which Nigeria and South Africa comply with their obligations to ensure that TNCs in extra

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Kemper, Laura, and Lena Partzsch. "Saving Water while Doing Business: Corporate Agenda-Setting and Water Sustainability." Water 11, no. 2 (2019): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020297.

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Organic and fair trade campaigns bring water sustainability onto public agendas, such as for example in the cotton/textile sector. Armedangels, a German company, advertises its t-shirts by arguing that their production requires only 1/10th of the water required in conventional production. This article studies the ambitions of such corporate agenda-setters. Methodologically, we develop a framework that contains six criteria and nine indicators, which allow us to code and assess the certification standards. In addition, we conducted semi-structured interviews, group discussions, and participator

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Bolt, Maxim. "WAGED ENTREPRENEURS, POLICED INFORMALITY: WORK, THE REGULATION OF SPACE AND THE ECONOMY OF THE ZIMBABWEAN–SOUTH AFRICAN BORDER." Africa 82, no. 1 (2012): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000751.

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ABSTRACTKeen to show the fluidity of border areas, and the limits of state control, much anthropological scholarship on borders highlights arrangements, activities and opportunities that pass beneath the official radar. But while such a clandestine focus casts border dwellers as preoccupied with resisting state regulation, this article shows how Zimbabwean–South African border dwellers make the most of their location by being visible to state officials, as waged farm workers. They seek agricultural jobs as a foothold in building lucrative businesses. Moreover, waged farm workforces are hubs of

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Rautenbach, Christa. "The Modern-Day Impact of Cultural and Religious Diversity: "Managing Family Justice in Diverse Societies"." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 1 (2017): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i1a2257.

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Transnational companies (TNCs) in general and those operating in the extractive industry sector in particular have an impact on the realisation of human rights. Yet under international human rights law, instruments regulating TNCs’ obligations in terms of human rights are non-binding. Consequently, the state in which TNCs operate remains the only duty bearer of human rights and should ensure that companies under its jurisdiction comply with human rights. The aim of this article is to examine the extent to which Nigeria and South Africa comply with their obligations to ensure that TNCs in extra

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Wilson, Ann, and Clive J. C. Phillips. "Identification and Evaluation of African Lion (Panthera leo) Cub Welfare in Wildlife-Interaction Tourism." Animals 11, no. 9 (2021): 2748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092748.

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African lion (Panthera leo) cubs are extensively used in South Africa in wildlife-interaction tourist activities. Facilities provide close interaction opportunities, but the welfare impacts on the cubs are unclear. A workshop was held with 15 lion-experienced stakeholders, including government officials, nature conservationists, animal welfare organisations, lion breeders, lion handlers, an animal ethologist, wildlife veterinarian, wildlife rehabilitation specialist and an animal rights advocacy group representative. Individual representatives nominated a range of welfare concerns, and 15 were

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Netshakhuma, Nkholedzeni Sidney. "Assessment of a South Africa national consultative workshop on the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA)." Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication 69, no. 1/2 (2019): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gkmc-02-2019-0026.

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Purpose This paper aims to assess the Protection of Personal Information Act (No. 4 of 2013) (POPIA) in South African (SA) universities sector with the objective to formulate code of conduct to improve compliance. Design/methodology/approach The case study approach was used in this study. Data were collected using interviews with the SA universities’ representatives during the POPIA consultative workshop. Findings The results showed that most of the participants were not aware of the POPIA, lack of collaboration between the legal practitioners, records managers and archivist. Internal control

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Rautenbach, Christa. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, no. 4 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i4a2427.

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This edition of PER consists of eight articles, four notes and two book reviews covering a range of topics. The first article is by Oliver Fuo, a postgraduate student of the North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus). His contribution deals with the status of executive policies and the basis for their judicial enforcement in a constitutional and socio-economic context. He demonstrates that "executive" policies may be perceived to have the force of law, especially where their enforcement may be imperative for the realisation of socio-economic rights. Secondly, Ig Rautenbach of the University

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Adom, M., K. O. Fening, M. K. Billah, et al. "Pest status, bio-ecology and management of the false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and its implication for international trade." Bulletin of Entomological Research 111, no. 1 (2020): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485320000358.

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AbstractThe false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is an insect pest which represents an important threat to the production and marketing of a wide range of agricultural crops in the African-Caribbean-Pacific (ACP) countries. The FCM reduces not only the yield and quality of the crop but also as a quarantine insect pest, restricts the trade of susceptible agricultural produce on the international market. In addition, little research has been conducted in the ACP countries on the bio-ecology and sustainable management of this pest, especially on vegetables

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Radziyevska, Svitlana, and Ivan Us. "Regionalization of the world as the key to sustainable future." E3S Web of Conferences 166 (2020): 13016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016613016.

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Globalization is viewed not only as the objective, but also as the subjective process, the current version of which requires adjustments since it is characterized by the increasing inequalities and instability, causing conflicts worldwide, pushing regional groups towards confrontations. Globalization is to be directed for achieving the equitable levels of development across the globe for which it is suggested to establish the situational governing board as the common platform for collaboration between the regional blocs for global economy regulation. The notions of the regional state and the g

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Wartini, Sri. "THE LEGAL IMPLICATION OF COMPULSORY LICENCE PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS IN THE TRIPs AGREEMENT TO THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO HEALTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 18, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.1.1685.

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Compulsory license of pharmaceutical products in the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) Agreement attempts to balance the interest of patent holders and The right to health. The access of medicines in developing countries for the epidemic diseases, such as, HIV/AIDS medicine is crucial to protect The right to health. The objective of the research is to analyze comprehensively the legal implication of compulsory license for the pharmaceutical product to the protection of The right to health in developing countries. It is a normative juridical research by applying conc

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Rautenbach, Christa. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 6 (2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i6a618.

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EditorialThis voluminous issue consists of 13 articles and 8 notes dealing with various legal topics in South Africa and abroad. The articles commences with Ig Rautenbach’s discussion of the ever-elusive concept of proportionality in the light of the text of the South African Constitution. Mmaphuti Tuba analyses the different approaches adopted for the regulation of payment systems in a variety of legislative instruments by the European Union. Phoebe Boltondeals with the thorny issue of public tenders and the extent to which bidders must comply with tender specifications and conditions. Leentj

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Larionova, Marina, and Andrei Shelepov. "Emerging Regulation for the Digital Economy: Challenges and Opportunities for Multilateral Global Governance." International Organisations Research Journal 16, no. 1 (2021): 29–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2021-01-02.

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The role of information and communications technology (ICT), high-speed communication infrastructure, digital content and the digital economy is expected to grow in the post-pandemic society. Simultaneously, competition for digital technologies and solutions and the contest to influence norms, standards and regulatory mechanisms is escalating. The new regulatory mechanisms and approaches are concurrently being shaped in the key international institutions, including the United Nations (UN), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organisation for

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Szűcs, István, and Viktoria Vida. "Global tendencies in pork meat - production, trade and consumption." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 11, no. 3-4 (2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2017/3-4/15.

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World meat production is anticipated to stagnate in 2016, rising by a mere 0.3% to 320.7 million tonnes. Increases in output are expected in the United States, Brazil, the EU, India and the Russian Federation, while reduced production is foreseen for China, Australia and South Africa. Global meat trade is forecast to recover in 2016, growing by 2.8% to 30.6 million tonnes, which would represent a return to trend, after a fall in 2015. World production of pig meat in 2016 is forecast to decrease marginally, by 0.7% to 116.4 million tonnes, thus registering a second year of virtual stagnation. A

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Fidler, David P. "A Globalized Theory of Public Health Law." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 30, no. 2 (2002): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2002.tb00382.x.

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This symposium issue of the Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics indicates that interest in public health law in the United States is enjoying a renaissance. The focus of the articles reflects this renaissance, as they explore the state of public health law in various contexts within the United States. Additionally, all but one of the symposium authors plies his or her trade at a university, institution, or government agency in the United States. My task here is different: I focus on public health law within the context of international relations.Analyzing public health law with an internatio

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Mahajan, Nidhi. "Dhow Itineraries." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 39, no. 3 (2019): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-7885356.

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Abstract Ever since 9/11, dhows, or Indian Ocean sailing vessels, have been viewed as inherently threatening to national and international security, as government authorities suspect that they are used to smuggle weapons and militants. Most recently, dhows that transport charcoal from Somalia to the United Arab Emirates have been implicated in funding al-Shabaab, a militant group. Rather than taking a presentist view, this article argues that these security concerns have emerged from a deep-rooted anxiety over mobility in the Indian Ocean, as dhow networks challenge state sovereignty. Dhows, o

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STRYDOM, P. D. F. "South Africa in World Trade." South African Journal of Economics 55, no. 3 (1987): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.1987.tb00161.x.

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Coe, David T., and Alexander W. Hoffmaister. "North-South Trade-Is Africa Unusual?" IMF Working Papers 98, no. 94 (1998): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451851694.001.

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Coe, D. "North-South trade: is Africa unusual?" Journal of African Economics 8, no. 2 (1999): 228–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/8.2.228.

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EDWARDS, LAWRENCE. "HAS SOUTH AFRICA LIBERALISED ITS TRADE?" South African Journal of Economics 73, no. 4 (2005): 754–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2005.00052.x.

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Linton, April. "Growing Fair Trade in South Africa." Globalizations 9, no. 5 (2012): 725–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2012.732440.

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