Academic literature on the topic 'Traditional borehole drilling'
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Journal articles on the topic "Traditional borehole drilling"
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Talalay, Pavel, Zhengyi Hu, Huiwen Xu, Dahui Yu, Lili Han, Junjie Han, and Lili Wang. "Environmental considerations of low-temperature drilling fluids." Annals of Glaciology 55, no. 65 (2014): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2014aog65a226.
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AbstractThe introduction of low-temperature fluid into boreholes drilled in ice sheets helps to remove drilling cuttings and to prevent borehole closure through visco-plastic deformation. Only special fluids, or mixtures of fluids, can satisfy the very strict criteria for deep drilling in cold ice. The effects of drilling fluid on the natural environment are analyzed from the following points of view: (1) occupational safety and health; (2) ozone depletion and global warming; (3) chemical pollution; and (4) biological pollution. Traditional low-temperature drilling fluids (kerosene-based fluids with density additives, ethanol and n-butyl acetate) cannot be qualified as intelligent choices from the safety, environmental and technological standpoints. This paper introduces a new type of low-temperature drilling fluid composed of synthetic ESTISOLTM esters, which are non-hazardous substances. ESTISOLTM 140 mixtures with ESTISOLTM 165 or ESTISOLTM F2887 have an acceptable density and viscosity at low temperature. To avoid the potential for biological contamination of the subglacial environment, the borehole drilling fluid should be treated carefully on the surface.
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Zhang, Jun, Chi Ai, Bo Zeng, Yuwei Li, and Jia Zeng. "Study on Wellbore Stability of Shallow Sediments in Deepwater Drilling." Open Petroleum Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874834101701010048.
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Background: The deepwater shallow formation has low fracture pressure and narrow safe window of mud density, which results in a high risk of wellbore instability in this kind of formation. Objective: Without considering the plastic state of shallow formation around the borehole or the influence of in-situ stress difference on wellbore stability, the prediction accuracy of the traditional wellbore stability analysis models are relatively low. This paper can provide a reliable method to accurately predict the safe window of drilling fluid density. Method: In this paper, the shallow formation around the borehole is divided into plastic zone and elastic zone considering it under non-uniform in-situ stress. The collapse pressure formula of shallow formation is derived by taking the shrinkage rate of the borehole as the instability criterion. The fracturing pressure calculation model of shallow sediment under non-uniform in-situ stress is derived by combining the theory of excess pore pressure and hydraulic fracturing. Conclusion: The calculated results indicate that the horizontal in-situ stress difference has a significant effect on the shape of the plastic zone, the shrinkage rate of borehole, collapse pressure and fracturing pressure. The calculated results are in good agreement with the field test results, and the prediction accuracy of this model is higher than that of other traditional models.
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Chen, Yujia, Ao Li, Dingding Yang, Tianyu Liu, Xiaowei Li, Jun Tang, and Chenglin Jiang. "Study on the Interaction between Low-Viscosity High-Permeability Pregrouting Sealing Material and Coal and Its Application." Advances in Polymer Technology 2020 (February 12, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1217285.
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In order to ensure the intactness of pressure-measuring boreholes and the accuracy of gas pressure determination, pregrouting treatment with polymer materials is frequently applied to bedding drilling in coal mines. However, the existing polyurethane materials are of high viscosity, low permeability, and poor safety, bringing great difficulties to their field promotion and application. In view of this problem, after optimization and experiments, polylactide polyol/polyether polyol 4110/isocyanate was determined as the target system. Bio-based benzoxazine (Boz-F), red phosphorus, and melamine with a mass ratio of 2 : 1 : 2 were used as the flame retardant, which then underwent mechanical modification by hollow glass bubbles. Finally, the pregrouting material with low viscosity and high permeability was compounded, and its interaction with coal was experimentally studied. The results show that compared with traditional polyurethane, the new material increases the effective consolidation distance in the coal seam by 40% on average. Its permeation radius is also larger than the calculated radius of the plastic softening zone of a borehole. In addition, the strengths of coal-new material consolidated products with different ratios fully surpass those of coal-polyurethane material consolidated products. The enhancement of compressive strength and bending strength is up to 153% and 161%, respectively. The field application indicates that after pregrouting treatment of boreholes in the coal seam with the new material, the borehole formation rate reaches 100%. Therefore, the new material is safe and practical for gas pressure measurement through bedding drilling on site.
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Wang, Wen Cai, Hui Zhao, Hong Yu Zhao, and Qing Tian Zhang. "Characters of Electromagnetic Radiation in Coal and its Application in Forecast of Coal and Gas Outburst." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 1051–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1051.
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The coal can produce electromagnetic radiation when it is in the loading process. The electromagnetic radiation characteristics testing to the sample in the process of uniaxial compression failure in the lab shows that loading stress and the strength of electromagnetic radiation, the number of electromagnetic radiation pulse, the number of acoustic emission pulse are positively correlated relationship when it is in the loading process. They usually have a good corresponding relationship with each other, but are not completely synchronization. They test the corresponding relationship between the electromagnetic radiation intensity of coal and main parameters gas emission initial speed of traditional prediction of coal and gas outburst borehole and amount of drilling cuttings. The results show that the electromagnetic radiation intensity and gas emission initial speed of borehole and amount of drilling cuttings have a positive correlation, and the linear positive correlation equation is obtained. Thus it can be seen, electromagnetic radiation characteristics can be used for predicting the outburst of coal and gas.
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Zhao, Hong Shan, and Kun Zhang. "Field Test of Automated Strap-Down Vertical Drilling System in Well Anshun-1." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.387.
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Automated strap-down vertical drilling system (AVDS) with independent intellectual property rights is composed of a strap-down stabilization platform and a deviation control and correction mechanism. It performs deviation control and correction initiatively while drilling by applying dynamic push-lean, which can effectively solve the inclination control and fast drilling problems arising from high-steep structures and high dip formations. The system can release drilling pressure completely, so under the precondition of ensuring inclination precision, it could remarkably improve the penetration rate, shorten the drilling cycle and reduce the drilling costs. During the field test from 2436 to 2610.79m in well Anshun-1, inclination angle decreased to 0.25° from 6.25°. The average ROP was 1.02m/h, and the average footage was 87.4m. Compared with traditional drilling tools, it improved the penetration rate by 25.9% and the footage by 18.3%. The stability and reliability of the system was proved through the field test. It was suggested that field tests should be strengthened and AVDS applying for different borehole should be developed.
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Pan, Yue, Xiao He, Hao Chen, and Xiuming Wang. "Reflection signals and wellbore scattering waves in acoustic logging while drilling." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 17, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 552–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxaa014.
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Abstract In sonic logging while drilling (LWD), it is difficult to extract reflection signals for the goal of geo-steering as the wave fields are so complicated. It is important to analyse the reflection and scattering effects based on the synthetic acoustic signals of the real LWD models, while considering the medium discontinuity at the end of the borehole. We numerically investigate the acoustic LWD responses to reflective boundaries out of the borehole. To simulate the received signals, the 3D finite difference in time domain method is implemented. Mode conversions between the collar and the Stoneley waves are revealed. Strong reflections are generated at the bottom of the well, which can be equivalent to an additional scattering source (i.e. an apparent point source). The scattering waves by the wellbore bottom are generally much stronger than the reflections from the layer interfaces of formations. By comparing the models with stratified interfaces of opposite inclination directions, the propagation mechanisms of two newly recognised reflection waves are revealed in addition to the traditional body wave reflections (P and S waves) in LWD models. The energy of the collar wave radiates outside the borehole and then reflects at the bedding boundaries; meanwhile, the scattering waves from the well bottom can generate reflections too. These reflection arrivals match well with the time predicted by ray theories, respectively. Finally, we propose a possible means to estimate the dipping directions of geological interfaces by reflection waves emitted from both LWD transmitters and the apparent source at the well bottom.
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Sun, Pinghe, Junyi Zhu, Binkui Zhao, Xinxin Zhang, Han Cao, Mingjin Tian, Meng Han, and Weisheng Liu. "Study on the Mechanism of Ionic Stabilizers on Shale Gas Reservoir Mechanics in Northwestern Hunan." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 25, 2019): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122453.
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The shale of the lower Cambrian Niutitang formation in northwestern Hunan is an ideal reservoir for shale gas. There is a close connection between borehole stability and drilling fluid in shale gas drilling. Ionic stabilizer is a new type of stratum consolidation agent that inhibits the hydration expansion of clay minerals and improves mechanical strength of the borehole. The traditional idea of pore wall protection is to use drilling fluid additives to prevent shale from interacting with water. However, ionic stabilizer can change the hydrophilic of clay minerals in shale, making the particles become hydrophobic and dense, therefore, the formation stability can be enhanced simultaneously. The material used in this paper is different from the normal ionic stabilizer, some chemical bonds that have been changed in the new material called enhanced normality ionic (ENI) stabilizer. This paper utilized the shale samples those obtained from Niutitang formation to study the connection between ENI and the mechanical properties of shale. Mechanical tests and microscopic pore tests were performed on different samples which were soaked in water and the ENI with different concentrations. It has been found through tests that ENI can inhibit the development of shale pores, and as the concentration increases, the inhibition increases. In addition, as the ENI concentration increases, the uniaxial compressive strength and Young’s modulus of the shale increase, and the ratio of stability coefficients decreases. It can be concluded that the ENI can improve the mechanical strength of carbon shale, and prevent the development of rock damage. Moreover, it can improve the ability of rock to resist damage, and enhance borehole stability initiatively.
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Bordakov, Georgiy A., Alexander V. Kostin, John C. Rasmus, Denis Heliot, Harald Laastad, and Edward J. Stockhausen. "Improving LWD Image and Formation Evaluation by Utilizing Dynamically Corrected Drilling-Derived LWD Depth and Continuous Inclination and Azimuth Measurements." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 12, no. 01 (February 26, 2009): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/109972-pa.
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Summary The paper illustrates the improvements in logging while drilling (LWD) images and subsequent formation evaluation by using a new methodology for depth and survey measurements corrections. LWD depth measurements are often considered inaccurate and, therefore, not as reliable for well-to-well correlations, correlations with data acquired with wireline measurements and formation layer thickness determinations. The reasons for these inaccuracies generally originate from the traditional practice that LWD depth is purposely made equal to the driller's depth, which is a static pipe length measurement made by tape at the surface. There is almost always a difference between the actual measured depth (MD) of the LWD sensor downhole and this static pipe measurement, because downhole the drillpipe is subject to an environment that is not representative of the derrick (e.g., varying drilling mechanical conditions and temperature changes). Here, we demonstrate the applications of the method, which allows dynamic driller's depth correction for the effects of drillstring weight, downhole friction, weight on bit, thermal expansion, residual rig heave, and tide. Another significant inaccuracy source is a standard practice of calculating borehole position from stationary survey points typically taken every 90 feet (ft) using the minimum curvature method. Neglecting the complex borehole shape between survey stations can lead to a systematic error in determining the borehole position. We consider using continuous inclination and azimuth measurements along with stationary surveys to correct these errors. We provide comparisons of LWD images before and after the depth and survey corrections to illustrate how the measurement errors affect formation dips interpreted from the images. We demonstrate how improved accuracy allows filtering out the artifacts and provides more decisive and accurate identification of geologic features. We show how using the corrected 3D position improves accuracy of the formation thicknesses calculations and therefore improves the reservoir summation results. As a result, we propose a borehole 3D position measurement that is accurate, consistent between wells (regardless of rig type or bottomhole assembly [BHA] configuration), and independent of the drilling mode. Using this new measurement significantly improves the quality of the formation evaluation.
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Liu, Sheng Hu, and Ya Min Xing. "Study on a Data Acquisition System for Logging while Drilling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 1246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.1246.
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This electronic Logging while drilling (LWD) is a new sort of well drilling technology developed in recent years. As to the traditional cable borehole survey, the LWD method has many advantages because of its higher accuracy, higher geologic strata resolution capacity, much less time and cost. To meet the current logging technology needs, A data acquisition and processing system for logging while drilling is designed．It minutely introduces the collection system structure, acquisition Program, the digital design of LWD and discusses the design and the implementation of each functional module．The system which designed on the basis of the high precise DSP and FPGA implements signal pretreatment, high speed A/D control and digitalization of the phase sensitive demodulation etc, optimizes the acquisition and processing system and supplies a new way for the development of logging while drilling．Experimental results show that system performance has attained the design requirement.
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Sudakov, Andrii, Andrii Dreus, Diana Sudakova, and Oleksandr Khamininch. "The study of melting process of the new plugging material at thermomechanical isolation technology of permeable horizons of mine opening." E3S Web of Conferences 60 (2018): 00027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186000027.
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The article presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies, the purpose of which was to substantiate the technology of drilling wells isolation using new thermoplastic composite material. The basis of the proposed material is gravel, and secondary polyethylene terephthalate acts as a binding material. The use of the proposed insulation material avoids a number of disadvantages specific for traditional grouting mortars. The technology of material application provides its melting in a well by thermomechanical drilling. The article deals with the issues, related to the substantiation of the optimal formulation of a thermoplastic composite material based on secondary polyethylene terephthalate, and the determination of rational operating parameters of thermomechanical drilling, which allow to melt effectively the material at the bottom of a well. The possibility of material application for the insulation of absorbing horizons in borehole conditions has been proved. Based on the analysis of the heat balance at the bottom of a well, the calculation procedure has been proposed and the dependences of the velocity and time of thermomechanical melting of the grouting thermoplastic composite material on the operating parameters of drilling, thermal properties and geometric characteristics of the drill bit, have been determined.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Traditional borehole drilling"
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Afonseca, Jorge Miguel Camacho. "Métodos tradicionais de sondagem e construção de captação de água subterrânea em países em vias de desenvolvimento." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/20682.
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Neste trabalho avaliam-se e comparam-se metodologias tradicionais de prospeção e construção de captações de água subterrânea em países em vias de desenvolvimento, neste caso do Sul da Ásia (Butão, Bangladeche, Índia, Nepal e Paquistão). Faz-se uma análise às metodologias do ponto de vista geológico (diversos tipos de aquífero, litologias, graus de fracturação e alteração), mecânico (técnica das metodologias de perfuração e construção das captações), e económico (comparação dos tempos de avanço das sondagens, dos tempos de construção das captações, da produtividade das mesmas e seus custos).
Conclui-se que as metodologias de prospeção low cost e tradicionais são semelhantes em âmbito e em cenário de aplicação, e que, ainda que as segundas sejam mais caras, têm custos muito menores em comparação com as convencionais. Conclui-se ainda que as metodologias convencionais de construção de captações estão pensadas para metodologias convencionais de prospeção, e que as low cost são muito semelhantes entre si; Abstract:
The present work evaluates and compares traditional methods of borehole drilling and construction for water abstraction in developing countries, particularly South Asia (Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan). The methods are analyzed in regards to geology (types of aquifers, lithologies, massif fractures and weathering), mechanic (borehole drilling and abstraction technologies), and economic (comparing the progression in drilling and construction of boreholes, productivity and its costs) factors.
It is concluded that the traditional drilling methods are similar in scope and application set, and that, though the latter are more expensive, they cost less than conventional methods. It is also concluded that conventional borehole construction is based in conventional drilling methods, and that the diverse low cost methodologies are very similar between them.
Conference papers on the topic "Traditional borehole drilling"
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Ariaratnam, Samuel T., Richard Stauber, and Bruce Harbin. "Modeling of Annular Pressures in Horizontal Directional Drilling." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0696.
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Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is an established trenchless construction method for the installation of underground utilities and pipelines. Subsequently, the method is becoming widely accepted as a cost-effective alternative to traditional open-cut construction. However, the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing, resulting in the migration of drilling fluid to the surface has placed the HDD process under scrutiny, especially when being considered for environmentally sensitive projects. Hydraulic fracturing results from an excess buildup of fluidic pressure within the borehole. Models have been developed to predict borehole pressures; however, there is limited information available on the relationship between drilling returns and fluid composition to these pressures. A research program was undertaken to model and determine flow characteristics for drilling returns under a variety of soil conditions and bore penetration rates. Nine soil samples were gathered based on the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and their respective rheological properties were obtained for different drilling fluids and target slurry densities. This paper presents, as an example, a comparison and analysis of the predicted borehole pressures of clayey-sand (SC) soil in a large directional drill rig application and provides recommendations for contractors when attempting installations in various geological formations. The pressure effects of pipe eccentricity within a borehole were analyzed using a computer model. The result of this research is a simplified approach for predicting downhole fluid pressures for a wide range of project parameters that can be used as a guide to minimize the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing.
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Benyeogor, Ogochukwu, Sunday Awe, Obinna Amah, Oseme Ugochukwu, Adeyemi Erinle, Ayodele Akinfolarin, and Ugochukwu Oseme. "Wellbore Strengthening in Narrow Margin Drilling." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2554559-ms.
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ABSTRACT Natural gas is one of the cleanest energy sources, its uses range from fueling power stations to cooking and heating. Global demand for natural gas is expected to rise in the coming years. Meeting these energy demands means drilling deeper exploration and development wells to access huge volumes of gas present under high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions. Despite the attractiveness of the reward, managing the narrow drilling window between the reservoir pore pressure and the formation fracture gradient has remained a major source of cost escalation and non-productive time on HPHT projects. In order to improve the economics of HPHT projects, technologies like Managed Pressure Drilling and borehole strengthening have been used as a means of mitigating the risks associated with narrow margin drilling, thus enabling a paradigm shift from traditional casing seat selection methodology. In the Niger Delta, it is not uncommon to observe significant jumps in pore pressure values in proximate high pressure formations. The simplification of well designs and successful drilling operations are often challenged by the need to navigate through series of high pressured reservoirs in narrow margin windows. Compliance with process safety requirements requires selection of mud weight that is low enough to prevent mud loss and high enough to overbalance the reservoir pressure. Mud loss induced by formation fracture is often encountered in tight margin drilling, and when this happens, the focus shifts to strengthening the damaged wellbore using various techniques such as pumping chemical resins to seal off the loss zones. Various degrees of results have been achieved when borehole strengthening techniques are deployed with the objective of restoring wellbore integrity in both permeable and non-permeable formations. Successful deployments have resulted in achieving the well objectives safely and cost effectively. This paper details loss of wellbore integrity experienced on an HPHT well in the Niger delta and the wellbore strengthening strategy that was used to restore the strength in a non-permeable formation. It sheds light on how understanding the nature of the fracture, rock lithology as well as proper job execution can restore a damaged wellbore to its previous strengths. A Cost reduction approach to the execution of the strategy is also discussed.
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Panchakarla, Anjana, Tapan Kidambi, Ashish Sharma, Eduardo Cazeneuve, RBN Singh, and Arun Kumar SV. "Integration of Acoustics and Geomechanical Modelling for Subsurface Characterization in Tectonically Active Sedimentary Basins: A Case Study from Northeast India." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206229-ms.
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Abstract Drilling wells in the remote northeastern part of India has always been a tremendous challenge owing to the subsurface complexity. This paper highlights the case of an exploratory well drilled in this region primarily targeting the main hydrocarbon bearing formations. The lithology characterized by mainly shale, siltstone and claystone sequences, are known to project high variance in terms of acoustic anisotropy. Additionally some mixed lithological sequences are also noted at particular depths and have been identified at posing potential problems during drilling operations. Several issues became apparent during the course of drilling the well, the main factor being consistently poor borehole condition. An added factor potentially exacerbating the progressively worsening borehole conditions was attributed to the significant tectonic activity in the area. To address and identify these issues and to pave the way for future operations in this region, a Deep Shear Wave Imaging analysis was commissioned to identify near and far wellbore geological features, in addition to addressing the geomechanical response of these formations. In this regard, acoustic based stress profiling and acoustic anisotropy analysis was carried out to estimate borehole stability for the drilled well section and provide insights for future drilling plans. Significant losses were observed while drilling the well, in addition to secondary problems including tight spots and hold ups and consequently the well had to be back reamed multiple times. Of particular note were the losses observed while transitioning between the main formations of interest. The former consisting relatively lower density claystone/siltstone formations and the latter, somewhat shalier interlayered with sandstones, displaying a generally higher density trend. This transition zone proved to be tricky while drilling, as a high density sandstone patch was encountered further impeding the drilling ROP. Overall, both formations were characterized by significantly low rock strength moduli with the exception of the sandstones projecting characteristically higher strengths. In light of these events, analysis of integrated geological, geomechanical and advanced borehole acoustic data analyses were used to identify the nature of the anisotropy, in terms of either stress induced, or caused by the presence of fractures in the vicinity of the borehole. The extensive analysis further identified sub-seismic features impeding drillability in these lithologies. Further, the holistic approach helped characterize the pressure regimes in different formations and in parallel, based on corroboration from available data, constrained stress magnitudes, indicating a transitional faulting regime. Variances in stress settings corresponded to the depths just above the transition zone, where significant variations were observed in shear wave azimuthal trends thereby indicating the presence of potential fracture clusters, some of which were revealed to be intersecting the borehole thereby causing stress. The analysis shed light on these near well fractures- prone to shear slip, causing mud losses during drilling while drilling with high mud weights. Finally, the encompassing multiple results, an operational mud weight window was devised for the planned casing setting depths. Given the presence of numerous fractures, the upper bound of the operational mud window was constrained further to account for the presence of these fractures. In summary, an integrated approach involving a detailed DSWI study in addition to traditional geomechanics has brought about new perspectives in assessing borehole instability. By actively identifying the sub surface features, (sub seismic faults and fractures) decisions can be taken on mud weight and optimizing drilling parameters dynamically for future field development.
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Omara, Ahmed, Hector Alba, Faisal Al Yarroby, Ahmed Al Abri, and Riyad Al Habsi. "A Unique Engineering Approach in Horizontal Drilling Through Unconsolidated Formations to Minimize Time and Cost Using High-Build-Rate Rotary Steerable Systems in Sultanate of Oman." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/202095-ms.
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Abstract Drilling horizontal wells with a high dogleg severity (DLS) of 10–16 deg/30 m is the approach that one operator in Oman adopted to drill the buildup section. The 8½-in section used to be drilled with a conventional motor BHA, which took around 4 days to complete. Due to the high DLS, it was required to slide at least 80% of the time. This led to a slow drilling rate, hole cleaning issues, and difficulties running the 7-in liner afterward. For a step change to happen, a full directional drilling system had to be reengineered with an extensive study of the BHA and well design. The objective was to reduce the total drilling time in the 8½-in BUS, improve the borehole quality, and reduce flat time. Traditional rotary steerable systems (RSS) are limited with their steering capabilities. A hybrid, high-build-rate RSS with push- and point-the-bit features offers the capabilities of achieving a DLS of up to 17 deg/30 m as it is independent of outside formation. Implementing the new approach eliminated the long sliding intervals and poor borehole cleaning caused by limited surface rotation with the motor BHA. The system was modeled using finite element drilling dynamics simulation software, with multiple bits and drillstring configurations to optimize the directional results. In addition, compressive study of the mud properties enabled drilling the section safely throughout Nahr Umar shale. Later, the same system was coupled with a high-torque motor, and the results showed an even better performance, which the operator plans to consider in the future to enhance the drilling rate. The use of a hybrid RSS system with a specific bit built for the application has proven its success as an integrated engineered drilling solution. It reduced the 8½-in section drilling time by 50% with improved borehole quality and delivered an overall ROP that is approximately three times what a motor BHA would have delivered. The improvement is a result of the use of PDC over TCI bits and the elimination of slide drilling. In addition, full rotation and elimination of micro-DLS resulted in smoother liner running operation. While drilling, the 100% rotational steering improved the overall hole cleaning, and the modified mud properties and additives helped eliminate the wiper trips performed previously prior to reaching the reservoir section. The success of this integrated system led the operator to replace all the motors in the entire field. This paper emphasizes the impact of new technology together with effective well engineering in drilling efficiency. With current industry focus on cost control, high-DLS RSS technology introduces new savings when used in the right application. This particular case is very common across the industry and proves the many advantages of integrated engineering projects.
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van Oort, Eric, Dongmei Chen, Pradeepkumar Ashok, and Amirhossein Fallah. "Constructing Deep Closed-Loop Geothermal Wells for Globally Scalable Energy Production by Leveraging Oil and Gas ERD and HPHT Well Construction Expertise." In SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204097-ms.
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Abstract Deep closed-loop geothermal systems (DCLGS) are introduced as an alternative to traditional enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) for green energy production that is globally scalable and dispatchable. Recent modeling work shows that DCLGS can generate an amount of power that is similar to that of EGS, while overcoming many of the downsides of EGS (such as induced seismicity, emissions to air, mineral scaling etc.). DCLGS wells can be constructed by leveraging oil and gas extended reach drilling (ERD) and high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) drilling expertise in particular. The objectives of this paper are two-fold. First, we demonstrate that DCLGS wells can generate significant geothermal power, i.e. on the order of 25-30 MWt per borehole initially. To this extent, we have developed a coupled hydraulic-thermal model, validated using oil and gas well cases, that can simulate various DCLGS well configurations. Secondly, we highlight the technology gaps and needs that still exist for economically drilling DCLGS wells, showing that it is possible to extend oil and gas technology, expertise and experience in ERD and HPHT drilling to construct complex DCLGS wells. Our coupled hydraulic-thermal sensitivity analyses show that there are key well drilling and design parameters that will ultimately affect DCLGS operating efficiency, including strategic deployment of managed pressure drilling / operation (MPD/MPO) technology, the use of vacuum-insulated tubing (VIT), and the selection of the completion in the high-temperature rock formations. Results show that optimum design and execution can boost initial geothermal power generation to 25 MWt and beyond. In addition, historical ERD and HPHT well experience is reviewed to establish the current state-of-the-art in complex well construction and highlight what specific technology developments require attention and investment to make DCLGS a reality in the near-future (with a time horizon of ~10 years). A main conclusion is that DCLGS is a realistic and viable alternative to EGS, with effective mitigation of many of the (potentially show-stopping) downsides of EGS. Oil and gas companies are currently highly interested in green, sustainable energy to meet their environmental goals. DCLGS well construction allows them to actively develop a sustainable energy field in which they already have extensive domain expertise. DCLGS offers oil and gas companies a new direction for profitable business development while meeting environmental goals, and at the same time enables workforce retention, retraining and re-deployment using the highly transferable skills of oil and gas workers.
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Liang, Lin, Ting Lei, and Matthew Blyth. "AUTOMATIC LOGGING-WHILE-DRILLING DIPOLE SONIC SHEAR PROCESSING ENABLED BY PHYSICS-DRIVEN MACHINE LEARNING." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0059.
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Logging-while-drilling (LWD) dipole sonic tools have been introduced to the industry as a supplement to monopole and quadrupole measurement because they can provide shear slowness anisotropy, which is essential for formation characterization and well completion applications. Due to the presence of the collar, which acts as a strong waveguide, the recorded formation signal is significantly affected at low frequencies. Consequently, an automated interpretation of LWD dipole sonic data re-mains a challenge. The traditional dispersive semblance-based method requires accurate estimates of parameters such as borehole size and/or mud slowness to avoid bias in the dispersion model used in the processing. Recently, a frequency-slowness domain inversion scheme has been developed that can invert for both the formation shear slowness and mud slowness by minimizing the guidance-mismatch cost function. However, this method uses an isotropic dispersion model and requires selecting narrow-band dispersion data in the low-frequency range with good-quality, which can limit the range of applicability of the method and also requires user input through-out the process. We have previously developed a physics-driven machine learning-based method to enhance the interpretation of wireline dipole sonic data. However, the LWD scenario introduces additional complexity. This work extends the method to support the interpretation of LWD dipole sonic. An anisotropic root-finding mode-search algorithm is first used to generate extensive synthetic formation flexural dispersion curves that can match dispersion measurements in strong anisotropic formations in high-angle and horizontal wells, with a known tool model. Special care needs to be taken to pick the formation flexural mode from several co-existing modes arising from the strong coupling between tool and formation. After quality control and verification, this comprehensive synthetic dataset is used to train a neural network model. We then develop an inversion-based algorithm, taking advantage of this efficient neural network model and combining it with a clustering algorithm, to reliably label and ex-tract the formation flexural mode, processed from either the modified Prony’s method, or a broadband dispersion analysis algorithm. The extraction around the formation flexural kick-in frequency is used for developing a quality control method. The strongest collar arrival, on the other hand, can be confidently removed due to the fundamental difference in its dispersion characteristics from the formation flexural mode. This novel method can automatically and efficiently label the formation flexural mode and simultaneously invert it for formation shear slowness together with other relevant parameters such as mud slowness without user intervention. Since this method is built upon an anisotropic model, it can be applied to the full frequency range of the data spectrum without the traditional isotropic model assumption. Additionally, the regression analysis of the inverted mud slownesses can further provide physical constraint to reduce uncertainties in the inverted shear slowness. The algorithm has been tested on field data showing good performance. It makes edge deployment possible so that LWD telemetry can be optimized to transmit the processed data to the surface in real-time, which is essential to leverage the advantages of the conveyance method.
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Brednev, Philipp, Mikhail Elesin, Yuri Berezovskiy, Denis Metelkin, Georgy Volkov, Maksim Firsin, and Iskander Mukminov. "The Experience of Drilling TAML-3 Well with Mutistage Fracturing on the Low Permeability Deposits of the West Siberia." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205905-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This article deals with the issues related to development of petroleum resources of Western Siberia and looks at one of the most promising development targets – reservoirs of the Achimov Formation. In particular, it discusses geological features of the Achimov rocks, and the difficulties faced by oil companies in development of the Achimov reservoirs due to their low economic viability if traditional approaches to well construction are applied. To make development of such reservoirs economical, new and non-trivial solutions need to be looked for. One of the most promising of them is considered to be multi-hole wells the construction of which allows oil companies to improve the Capex to cumulative production ratio. At the pre-FEED stage the project, geological, hydrodynamic and geomechanical models of the reservoir were built, the most efficient borehole parameters and trajectories were defined, and the optimal hydraulic frac design, number of stages and parameters were selected. The article describes specifics of the work carried out when preparing for pilot tests of the technology, such as:requirements for defining the well profile and selecting the optimal lifting capacity of the drilling rig,selection of a suitable complexity level for the double-hole well design among those considered which meets the drilling requirements,performance of bench tests to confirm operability of the TAML-3 equipment. Further, the article describes results of drilling, completing and commissioning the first double-hole well at the Vyngayakhskoye field, discusses the issues faced when using the completion equipment at the TAML-3 level, and the lessons learned from this project. It also presents results of putting the double-hole well on-stream and compares its production characteristics with those of single-hole horizontal wells drilled within the same well cluster. The experience gained has shown that building the discussed type of wells is technically feasible, and there is a wide potential for improving efficiency of this work through respective organizational and technical measures. The conclusion to this article describes Gazprom Neft long-term plans to build several new wells of this design, and the technology development options such as increasing the length of horizontal segments for both holes and using high-rate multi-stage hydraulic fracturing.
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Lehmann, Franziska, Katja Beier, Anne Schulz, and Erik Anders. "Electric Impulse Drilling: Future-Orientated HT/HP Analysis of Drilling Fluids." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61108.
Full textAbstract:
Modern rheological analyses provide good possibilities to understand the deformation and flow of fluids under different conditions. These methods used so far in the food industry as well as in the paints and coatings industry should transferred to the oil and gas industry, especially to the drilling fluid sector, to understand the drilling fluid behavior under borehole conditions. Traditionally, the rheology of drilling fluids is based on measurements under atmospheric conditions. The present study describes a new HT/HP measuring system by Anton Paar GmbH consisting of a modern rheometer including a high-pressure cell. This new system allows rheological analyses under a pressure up to 1000 bar and a temperature up to 300 °C. In consequence it is possible to observe conventional challenges within the drilling fluid sector under new points of view. Within the present study different drilling fluid systems were analyzed under common as well as under new rheological aspects. The results of both measuring systems were compared to each other. Furthermore, drilling fluid properties such as density, filtration and settling behavior were determined under different temperature regimes. Regarding to the operating principle of the electric impulse drilling (EID) technique the electric conductivity plays an important role and has to be taken into account. The results of these tests are also presented shortly.
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Larbi Zeghlache, Mohamed, Hermawan Manuab Ida, Abderrahmane Benslimani, and Rajesh Thatha. "An Innovative Deployment Technique to Optimize Logging Conveyance and Improve Data Quality." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21206-ms.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWireline logging in a complex well profile, such as extended reach drilling (ERD) wells, presents many challenges for conveyance and data quality. Traditional pipe conveyed logging (PCL) or coiled tubing (CT) are prohibitive in terms of rig time, operational complexity and cost. Alternatively, tractor conveyance is limited by the available force in long laterals. Tools and accessories create higher friction and might jeopardize tool position in the horizontal section. Consequently, both data quality and reaching total depth are compromised. This paper details an innovative deployment technique using oriented wheels to address these challenges.The new centralizing system, comprised of bespoke wheeled carriages, takes a holistic approach to tool conveyance, reducing drag while ensuring optimum sensor orientation. Tool position is achieved through management of tool center of gravity, relative to the wheel axes. The idea of "centralizing by decentralizing" uses the wheeled carriages instead of bow spring centralizers. An eccentered counterweight is included to ensure the proper orientation of the logging sensors.In addition to improving data quality with proper centralization, the wheels minimize friction and the required force to push the toolstring when combined with a tractor. This enables the toolstring to safely and efficiently reach the well bottom and avoid multiple attempts and associated downhole failures. In the planning phase, calibrated software simulation parameters for this technique help to predict free-fall depth and required tractoring force.The wheeled carriages were deployed in an ERD well for cement evaluation across a 9-5/8" casing and could reach a world record of 85° by gravity. The reduced friction and optimized tool position resulted in higher tractor force margins; and so a net gain in the overall tractoring distance. Also, the low drag and surface tension enabled a sufficient pull capacity with a minimum drive combination. For data acquisition, this deployment enabled a minimum eccentricity, resulting in better cement evaluation data quality and reduced uncertainty related to interpretation. In addition to these benefits, a tangible and direct savings of rig time has improved safety, operational efficiency and well delivery KPIs. Oriented wheels with tractors were deployed in other challenging environments and showed consistent and reliable results.This innovative technique can be deployed in both open-hole and cased-hole with fitted design depending on the borehole size, well profile and complexity of the toolstring configuration.
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Nanda Kumar, Kishen, Luigi Moroni, Abhijart Kongto, Bao Tran Thanh, Nghia Nguyen Hoang, Lam Tran Tuan, and Chau Do Ngoc. "Controlling Costs and NPT: An Economical Approach to Wellbore Strengthening Offshore Vietnam." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21377-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract There are many challenges while drilling highly inclined and depleted formations offshore Vietnam that result in various wellbore stability issues such as severe losses, stuck pipe, cavings, tight-hole and pack-offs. These issues may be independent of mud type and can occur when drilling with both oil/synthetic-based and water-based muds. These depleted sections typically consist of sandstones interbedded with claystone & siltstones. Traditionally, the wellbore strengthening fluids solution applied to drill through these sections with synthetic and water-based mud in Vietnam faced limited success. Wellbore strengthening (WBS) is a proven and effective solution especially for narrow-drilling margin and depleted formations. The basic concept of WBS relies on the creation and simultaneous plugging of small fractures with appropriate WBS material. The resulting elevated stress around the wellbore strengthens the borehole by creating an increased hoop stress that leads to an increase in near wellbore stresses. Proprietary modelling software can be used to calculate the pressure induced fracture apertures for wellbore strengthening applications and determine the optimum particle size range to bridge these fractures, allowing fluids to be designed to minimise wellbore instability. This design process was used to optimize material additives to effectively bridge fractures, for wellbore strengthening, and pore throat openings in porous/permeable formations for the prevention of seepage losses and differential sticking. A review of the application procedure identified the optimum method to apply the wellbore strengthening material which would minimise product consumption and reduce well costs. After extensive modelling simulations and testing, this fluid design was applied to drill two challenging wells in Vietnam. This paper presents the process of modelling, based on formation geo-mechanics information, customization and laboratory testing of the fluids design coupled with a successful and economical method of application in the field. Application of this process enabled the operator to drill through the depleted challenging sections with a maximum overbalance pressure of 3,200 psi, conduct logging and coring runs and complete the well at a lower cost and with zero fluids related non-productive time compared to previous wells.