Journal articles on the topic 'Traditional Indian Knowledge Systems'

When educators debate the effects of cultural differences on educational practice, they are normally concerned with issues of language, learning patterns, and preferred communication styles. Seldom do they consider how differences in belief systems might affect educational practice. Carol Locust argues that fundamental differences exist between the belief systems of American Indians and those of non-Indians, and that the lack of knowledge about these belief systems on the part of the U.S. educational system has led to discriminatory treatment of American Indian students. Locust concludes that educators must understand and respect American Indian belief systems before they can begin to improve the educational experiences of American Indian children.

This research paper explores the intersection of cloud computing and traditional Indian knowledge systems, examining the challenges, opportunities, and implications for preserving cultural heritage in the digital age. The paper begins with an overview of cloud computing adoption in India, highlighting its drivers, benefits, and government initiatives. It then delves into the importance of preserving traditional Indian knowledge systems, elucidating their cultural significance, historical foundations, and relevance in contemporary contexts. Subsequently, the paper discusses the cybersecurity challenges associated with digitizing and disseminating traditional knowledge through cloud-based platforms. These challenges include data privacy concerns, breaches, unauthorized access, and compliance issues, which pose risks to the integrity and sovereignty of traditional knowledge Moreover, the paper proposes mitigation strategies to enhance the security and resilience of cloud-based repositories of traditional knowledge. These strategies encompass encryption, access controls, multi-layered security frameworks, capacity building, and awareness campaigns. By implementing these measures, stakeholders can safeguard cultural heritage, uphold ethical standards, and promote responsible stewardship of traditional Indian knowledge systems in the digital era.

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) in architecture encompasses a rich tapestry of ancient wisdom, integrating scientific, spiritual, cultural, and environmental considerations into the built environment. Rooted in texts like Vastu Shastra and principles of sacred geometry, IKS emphasizes spatial harmony, sustainability, and human well being. This paper explores the guiding principles of IKS, focusing on the holistic approach it advocates for the design and construction of spaces. It examines how these traditional systems have influenced the development of architectural practices in India, shaping everything from urban planning to sacred structures. Despite its profound relevance, especially in the context of contemporary global concerns like sustainability and energy efficiency, the application of IKS in modern architecture faces challenges. Issues such as the lack of formal education in traditional systems, resistance to integrating ancient wisdom with contemporary design, and urbanization pressures complicate the widespread implementation of these principles. The paper also discusses potential solutions, including interdisciplinary collaboration, technological integration, and policy support, to bridge the gap between traditional knowledge and modern architectural practices. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of reviving and adapting IKS to address current architectural and environmental challenges while respecting cultural heritage.

India's traditional building systems and knowledge involving natural materials provide fine examples of low-carbon, place-adaptive architectural solutions as well as embodying simplicity and holistic sustainability. They utilize locally available materials prepared and applied so as to build structures and dwellings that are resilient to climate conditions and able to provide comfort and livability. Culturally, this knowledge is transferred orally from generation to generation and continuously recreated. Unfortunately these knowledge systems and practices have become endangered owing to a rupture in their continuity for reasons such as a preference for and incentivization of easier conventional solutions like cement and steel. With a focus on natural plasters used traditionally, this paper highlights some of these diverse plasters along with their natural additives.

The integration of the Indian Knowledge Systeminto higher education creates a bridge between traditional wisdom and modern academic learning. The objective of incorporating Indian knowledge system is to foster inclusivity, sustainability, and cultural preservation while enhancing knowledge production. However, the implementation of Indian knowledge system in higher education faces several challenges, including curriculum limitations, lack of resources, teacher training gaps, and policy constraints. This paper identifies these challenges and explores possible solutions for effectively embedding Indian knowledge system within the academic framework.

Integrating traditional Indian knowledge systems with modern medical practices offers a promising avenue for addressing healthcare challenges. This paper explores the potential of integrating Indian knowledge systems with mathematical modelling techniques to tackle medical problems. Drawing from ancient Indian texts, contemporary medical research, and mathematical modelling methodologies, we discuss how this integration can enhance understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of various medical conditions. Through case studies and theoretical discussions, we illustrate the effectiveness of this approach and its implications for advancing healthcare globally.

<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; The National Education Policy (NEP)2020 aims to strike a balance between traditional knowledge and current technologies. The next generation should be capable of leading a prosperous future with a rich cultural heritage. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 stresses the Indian Knowledge System (IKS) as a critical component of Indian education. It acknowledges the value of India's rich intellectual, cultural, and scientific legacy and seeks to incorporate it into modern education. The National Education Policy 2020 focuses on the integration of the Indian Knowledge System, the development of ancient languages, and holistic, multidisciplinary learning in collaboration with the National Mission for Manuscripts and Indigenous Knowledge. The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is the immense collection of traditional knowledge developed in India over thousands of years. It includes fields such as philosophy, physics, mathematics, medicine, architecture, linguistics, arts, and government. The Indian Knowledge System is firmly anchored in India's historical writings, oral traditions, and indigenous customs, all of which influenced global knowledge systems &nbsp; &nbsp;

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) embodies centuries of ancient customs, traditions, and pre-existing knowledge. These elements helped mould and shape social norms and values in society. Schemes of IKS are found in numerous ancient texts, folklore, and community knowledge systems in India and have shaped multiple domains like Philosophy, Medicine, Agriculture, and even Spirituality. IKS flora and fauna feature women who have historically been subjugated and oppressed, leading to their significance being marginalised through patriarchal societies. This study aims to construct and comprehend IKS and its frameworks to interrogate patriarchy, perceive gender equity, and understand its effectiveness. It seeks to retrace the empowering narratives, often marginalised concerning historical documents and Indian Vedic literature, that enshrine women scholars like Gargi and Maitreyi. Additionally, it focuses on the more traditional cultures from matrilineal societies like the Khasi and Naga tribes where gender relations have facilitated women&rsquo;s socio-political power. The study investigates contemporary approaches to Indian Knowledge Systems drawing from women&rsquo;s traditional agricultural, herbal, and eco-friendly farming as pathways to empowerment and economic activity. In pursuit of women empowerment through economic participation, the study seeks to incorporate these facets into the modern education system, policy structures, and development programmes to bring about change towards gender equity. From this perspective, indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) can significantly contribute towards combating gender discrimination as well as enabling the creation of a more equitable society.

Abstract In architecture and planning domain, sustainability has been considered as a core strategy for over three decades now. The modern era of globalisation, led to homogenisation in architecture, thus widening the gap between modern and Traditional Building Knowledge systems (TBKS) worldwide. This gap is widening at an alarming speed and alienating the architectural concepts from the context and its people, by ignoring the sustainability aspects. The TBKS has evolved in line with the environmental, cultural, technological, economic, and historical context within which it exists. The current study provides an overview of the concepts involved in sustainability and TBKS and how TBKS is addressed in the international forums and UN reports, and ancient treatises that formed the basis of TBKS in the Indian context. The four pillars of sustainability i.e., environmental, social, economic, and cultural dimensions were considered as the parameters to measure how far the sustainability has been achieved in the built environment. From the extensive review of literature, a set of design indicators was identified for the TBKS. Further, its applicability was also analysed based on the case examples. The current study reveals that such indicators, mentioned in the TBKS, are context-specific in nature. Hence, it helps in achieving sustainability at the building level. The paper concludes by identifying the co-relation between TBKS and sustainability and calls for more studies upon using the Traditional Building Knowledge Systems as a potential tool to achieve sustainability.

The integration of the Indian knowledge system into the curriculum framework for emerging technologies like blockchain and the Metaverse presents both opportunities and challenges. This paper explores the challenges encountered in incorporating traditional Indian knowledge into educational programs focused on cutting-edge digital innovations. Drawing from a review of literature and discussions with experts, the paper identifies key obstacles such as the technical complexity of modern technologies, the need for cultural sensitivity and authenticity, resistance to change within traditional educational systems, and disparities in access to resources and technology. Additionally, it examines the interdisciplinary nature of integrating Indian knowledge systems with technical subjects and the implications for curriculum design, assessment methods, and teacher training. By addressing these challenges, educators and policymakers can create a curriculum framework that effectively integrates Indian knowledge systems with education on blockchain and the Metaverse, preparing students for the future while preserving and celebrating India's rich cultural heritage.

<strong>Abstract: </strong> The historical evolution of rural development in India is journey of changes in agrarian sector. The Indigenous knowledge is traditional, simple and practical. It is the link between human survival and nature. In agriculture the Indian knowledge is related with selection of crops, Intercropping pattern and plantation time. These changes were started from pre independence period to till today.&nbsp; The Indian agriculture is a seasonal type of agriculture. Traditionally majority of Indian population is dependent on Agriculture. In context with the rural parts of India, the traditional agricultural practices are having major impact on rural population.&nbsp; This paper explores the traditional agricultural practices in rural India and their role in sustainable rural development. This paper highlights the historical context, indigenous knowledge systems, and the socio-economic impact of these practices on rural communities. The study aims to the relevance of India&rsquo;s traditional agriculture in relation with rural development in modern times and its potential to subsidize to sustainable development

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) encompasses a diverse and profound body of knowledge developed over millennia, covering various disciplines, from philosophy, mathematics, and science to arts, literature, and medicine. In contemporary times, IKS is experiencing a renaissance as it interacts with modern scientific and technological developments. However, the challenges to preserving, promoting, and integrating this vast knowledge repository into global academic and practical discourse are immense. This paper explores the Indian Knowledge System in the context of contemporary issues, with a focus on its philosophical foundations, the role of traditional knowledge in modern society, the challenges of preservation, and the integration of IKS into global knowledge systems.

The article discusses the outcomes of a study that explored existing endeavours integrating Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into mathematics education in Navi-Mumbai, India. Through an exploratory case study, researchers analysed the utilization of both contemporary and traditional technologies among pre-service and in-service faculty enrolled in faculty certification programs. The study aimed to evaluate the viability of incorporating traditional technologies and IKS into mathematics education at the college level. A total of 45 faculty members took part in a 23-item online survey, examining their technological proficiency, pedagogical approaches, content knowledge, and attitudes toward the integration of IKS. By comparing traditional/indigenous technologies with modern/digital tools, the study uncovered several obstacles that impede pre-service and in-service teachers from integrating IKS into mathematics instruction.

Colonialism significantly influenced education in India, transforming the educational framework in multiple aspects. Here are few critical aspects to contemplate concerning the impact of colonialism on Indian education. The British instituted English as the language of instruction in educational institutions. This shift helped in promoting Western knowledge systems while often side-lining local languages and knowledge. Raja Rao’s novel “Kanthapura” is a pivotal work in Indian literature that examines topics of colonialism, tradition, and the essence of Indian identity. The narrative recounts the experiences of the little Indian village of Kanthapura and its inhabitants’ reactions to British colonialism and the Indian independence struggle, predominantly shaped by Mahatma Gandhi’s influence. Colonial Impact in “Kanthapura” Disruption of Traditional Life: The novel illustrates the manner in which colonisation undermines the conventional cultural and social structure of Indian communities. The advent of the British and their exploitative policies precipitates alterations in the village’s economy and social structure. The impact of Western education and beliefs generates a divide between traditional lifestyles and modernisation. The villagers, especially figures such as Moorthy, exemplify resistance to colonial control by promoting social changes and engaging in the independence struggle, demonstrating a synthesis of old knowledge systems and contemporary political beliefs. The people’ bond with their land, spirituality, and ancient knowledge systems sharply contrasts with the materialism imposed by colonial powers. Rao employs the villagers’ connection to their environment and culture to underscore the entrenched ideals of Indian society that oppose British encroachment.

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) represents a vast repository of traditional wisdom that has significantly contributed to various scientific&nbsp;disciplines, including biological sciences. Rooted in ancient texts such as the Vedas, Ayurveda, and Siddha, IKS offers valuable insights into&nbsp;plant-based medicine, biodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, and ecological balance. Integrating IKS with modern biological&nbsp;studies can enhance research methodologies and promote sustainability. This paper explores the role of IKS in revitalizing and enriching&nbsp;biological sciences by bridging the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary scientific advancements. By incorporating&nbsp;indigenous practices, modern biology can adopt a more comprehensive and sustainable approach to health, ecology, and biodiversity&nbsp;management.

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS), highlighted in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, integrates traditional wisdom with modern governance to enhance political participation and ethical leadership. Drawing from ancient texts like the <em>Arthashastra</em>, <em>Manusmriti</em>, <em>Mahabharata</em>, <em>Thirukkural</em>, and <em>Ramayana</em>, this study explores India&rsquo;s historical democratic traditions, including the Lichchhavi Republics and Panchayat Systems, which continue to shape governance today. Philosophies of Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Vivekananda, and Sri Aurobindo emphasize truth, non-violence, selfless service, and spiritual integrity in leadership. Concepts such as <em>Rajadharma</em> (duty of rulers) and <em>Praja Dharma</em> (duty of citizens) further reinforce moral governance. By merging traditional knowledge with constitutional values, NEP 2020 fosters civic awareness and strengthens democracy, ensuring a governance model rooted in ethical responsibility and public welfare.

<em>The Indian knowledge system (IKS) is a vast repository of traditional wisdom encompassing diverse domains such as health, ecology, linguistics, art, and spirituality. Tribal communities, with their unique lifestyles, traditions, and ecological knowledge, are integral to this system. This paper explores the intersection of IKS and tribal knowledge, emphasizing its relevance in contemporary challenges such as sustainability, climate change, and cultural preservation. It examines how tribal knowledge has enriched Indian culture and highlights the urgent need to document and integrate these systems into mainstream education and policymaking. The study concludes by advocating for inclusive strategies to preserve and propagate tribal contributions to IKS, ensuring their relevance for future generations.</em>

<em>India, which is one of the world's oldest civilizations, possesses a remarkably elaborated social structure. India is a home to several religious groups including Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity together with a huge number of cultures and communities with diverse beliefs and rituals coexisting under a single constitution. Consequently, the Indian social framework and cultural landscape are defined by the principle of unity in diversity. Further, the National Education Policy 2020 and National Curriculum Frameworks highlight the incorporation of IKS into contemporary education for promoting sustainability cultural wisdom and wellness. The Ancient Indian approach of life is deeply anchored in the Indian Knowledge System, which promotes a complete perspective on well-being. The interconnected concepts of society and lifestyle are essential to learn about culture. Culture, as a broader notion, includes lifestyles, values, traditions, behaviors, customs, thoughts, and various other social dimensions, while lifestyle refers to the manner of living shaped by these elements. This article aims to explicate the concept of lifestyle within the Indian context and its associated traditions while exploring the educational, philosophical, and practical proportions of conventional Indian living and its implication in contemporary times.</em>

This research paper aims to understand the constructive collaboration between traditional Indian wisdom with modern innovation to propel the Atmanirbhar Bharat effort. Using knowledge from Ayurveda, Agricultural, Architectural and Governance Sciences of thousands of years this work illustrates how India can develop its own sustainable solutions for the future envisioned in the concept of Atmanirbhar Bharat. In this spirit, having adopted a multi-disciplinary perspective, the paper examines as to how the regeneration of Indian Knowledge System (IKS) can unlock economic development, support MSMEs, and enhance local communities’ development. In addition, it assesses the applications of Indian paradigms of knowledge system in the international arena, especially in relation to sustainable development, health, and agricultural diversification.

<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>&nbsp;</strong> <strong><em>Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which include philosophy, education, science, the arts, and governance, is a rich source of traditional knowledge that prioritizes self-reliance, ethical behavior, holistic living, and harmony with the natural world. Mahatma Gandhi, a modern-day visionary, offered a revolutionary framework for societal advancement by incorporating these timeless ideas into his beliefs in social justice, sustainability, and education. This essay explores the connections between Gandhian philosophy and IKS, emphasizing their continued applicability in addressing modern issues like environmental degradation, educational reform, and international injustices. Examining IKS from a Gandhian perspective highlights how traditional knowledge and contemporary innovations can be combined to produce long-lasting answers. Proposing an integrative paradigm, the paper imagines a future in which technological advancement and indigenous knowledge coexist, promoting ecological balance, equitable growth, and a peaceful international community.</em></strong> <strong>&nbsp;</strong> <strong>Introduction</strong> &nbsp; The huge body of knowledge found in Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) spans many different fields, such as philosophy, education, science, the arts, and governance. The holistic worldview of IKS, which has its roots in ancient traditions, emphasizes self-reliance, ethical living, harmony with environment, and interconnection. Deep insights into sustainable life and the search for knowledge that goes beyond materialistic objectives are provided by these systems. IKS has gained prominence as a framework for sustainable and equitable development in the modern day, when issues like social injustices, environmental disasters, and educational chaos are becoming more severe. A key player in India's independence movement and a visionary leader, Mahatma Gandhi struck a profound chord with Indian knowledge systems. His life and work demonstrated a blend of contemporary pragmatism and traditional Indian wisdom. Gandhi was greatly influenced by traditional Indian values, which included self-reliance (Swadeshi), truth-seeking (Satya), and nonviolence (Ahimsa). He thought that the social, economic, and environmental issues of his era might be resolved by reviving and utilizing IKS in conjunction with modern inventions. Gandhi's ideas are still very applicable in the twenty-first century since they provide a framework for rethinking education and development. IKS and Gandhian principles come together to form a strong foundation for sustainable development and holistic life. Both place a strong emphasis on integrating moral principles into all aspects of life and support an educational system that fosters moral ideals, character, and practical skills in addition to academic knowledge. By fusing work, education, and ethics, Gandhi's Nai Talim (Basic Education) demonstrated this unity and promoted the value of hard effort and lifelong learning. Regarding IKS, this is consistent with traditional Indian teaching approaches that prioritize hands-on learning and education that is focused on the community. Gandhian philosophy and the ideas of IKS offer useful answers to today's problems, which include ecological degradation, educational disparity, and the loss of cultural legacy. For instance, Gandhi's idea of ecological stewardship and modest life is reflected in IKS's emphasis on living in balance with nature. Likewise, IKS's community-based methods align with Gandhi's emphasis on decentralized development, encouraging inclusive and sustainable local solutions. Applying these ideas in contemporary settings has the ability to close the gap between conventional thought and contemporary developments. This essay aims to investigate the relationship between Gandhian principles and Indian knowledge systems, arguing for their applicability in tackling today's pressing international concerns. The conversation seeks to demonstrate the transformative potential of fusing old wisdom with contemporary activities by examining their shared values and distinctive contributions. The study imagines a time when these all-encompassing strategies promote ecological balance, educational reform, and sustainable development, creating a society based on moral principles and peaceful cohabitation. &nbsp; <strong>The Essence of Indian Knowledge Systems</strong> &nbsp; IKS provides a multifaceted viewpoint in which knowledge is transformational rather than just transactional. Important principles consist of: &nbsp; <strong>1. Holistic Learning: </strong> The emphasis of ancient Indian education, which was exemplified by institutions like Takshashila and Nalanda, was on holistic learning that combined spiritual and material knowledge. This method aimed to raise people who developed their intelligence, morals, and character in a balanced way. A variety of subjects, including as philosophy, mathematics, medicine, and the arts, were taught to the students in addition to moral and spiritual lessons. Producing well-rounded people who could pursue enlightenment and personal development while also addressing society concerns was the goal. By encouraging pupils to think critically, be disciplined, and pursue lifelong learning, teachers (gurus) developed an educational system that integrated spiritual insight with practical skills, promoting cultural growth and societal well-being. &nbsp; <strong>2. Sustainability and Ecology: </strong> The harmonious coexistence of humans and nature is emphasized in ancient Indian literature such as the Atharva Veda, which promote ecological balance and sustainable living. They emphasize how crucial it is to protect biodiversity, maintain natural resources, and practice environmental stewardship. Ancient Indian agriculture relied heavily on techniques like crop rotation, organic farming, and water conservation to maintain soil fertility and long-term harvests. A profound awareness of ecological preservation is demonstrated by practices like rainwater gathering and sacred grove maintenance. Because they provide tried-and-true answers to contemporary environmental problems and foster ecosystem resilience and sustainability, these old methods and ideologies are becoming more and more important today. <strong>&nbsp;</strong> <strong>3. Ethical Framework: </strong> The word Dharma or the principle of righteousness, is the ethical basis that guides the behavior of individuals and society in Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS). Based on moral, spiritual, and ecological awareness, Dharma emphasizes the alignment of actions with universal harmony and justice, promoting responsibility towards self, society, and nature, and fostering sustainable coexistence. The Bhagavad Gita and Manusmriti are among the ancient texts that emphasize the importance of adhering to Dharma in both personal and professional spheres. This ethical framework ensures fairness, compassion, and balance, preventing the exploitation of individuals or resources. By incorporating Dharma, IKS offers timeless guidance for promoting environmental sustainability and societal well-being &nbsp; <strong>4. Community-Centric Approach: </strong> Indian customs place a strong emphasis on a community-centric attitude, giving the welfare of the group precedence over personal goals. These traditions, which have their roots in ideas like Sarvodaya (the benefit of all) and Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (the world as one family), promote inclusivity, cooperation, and shared prosperity. This philosophy is reflected in customs including joint family arrangements, resource sharing, and community farming. Social cohesiveness and group decision-making are promoted via festivals, customs, and village councils (panchayats). This strategy assures that progress benefits everyone, especially excluded groups, and reduces socioeconomic inequities. These tried-and-true ideas provide important guidance for attaining just and sustainable societal development in a period of increasing individualism. <strong>&nbsp;</strong> <strong>Gandhian Ideals and Their Roots in IKS</strong> <strong>&nbsp;</strong> The ideas of IKS and Mahatma Gandhi's ideology are very similar. Indigenous knowledge is the foundation of his support for Swaraj (self-rule), Sarvodaya (welfare for all), and Swadeshi (self-reliance). Important elements consist of : &nbsp; <strong>1. Education and Nai Talim: </strong> Gandhi's Nai Talim (Basic Education) approach reinterpreted education by fusing intellectual and moral growth with practical skills. Inspired by the ancient Gurukul system, it placed a strong emphasis on combining the hands, heart, and brain to promote holistic growth. Gandhi promoted craft-based education, which connected learning to real-world situations through activities like weaving, gardening, and spinning. This method sought to develop students' independence, social awareness, and ethical foundation. Nai Talim promoted worker dignity and social harmony by tying academic study to constructive employment. In contemporary settings, it continues to be a trailblazing paradigm for inclusive and socially conscious education. &nbsp; <strong>2. Sustainability and Non-Violence: </strong> Gandhi's fight against industrial exploitation and his idea of a simple life are in line with the sustainable customs that are ingrained in Indian culture. His support of ecological harmony, simplicity, and non-consumerism is consistent with traditional customs that placed a high value on harmony with the natural world. The teachings of Buddhism and Jainism, two essential elements of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), are the foundation of the Gandhian principle of ahimsa, or non-violence. Ahimsa encourages empathy and reverence for all living things, including the environment. Gandhi's focus on non-violence highlights how all beings are interconnected and promotes a morally sound strategy for addressing social and environmental issues. &nbsp; <strong>3. Economic Self-Reliance: </strong> Gandhi exemplifies the Swadeshi ethic by supporting Khadi and village industries and promoting economic independence through community empowerment and local resources. Gandhi aimed to improve rural economies, encourage local craftsmanship, and lessen reliance on imported commodities by promoting the manufacture of hand-spun fabric and small-scale companies. The ideas of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which prioritize decentralized and independent economies, are consistent with this vision. IKS supports community-driven, sustainable development models that use local resources to address community needs, developing resilience and economic independence while advancing social and environmental well-being. &nbsp; <strong>4. Spirituality in Action: </strong> Gandhi saw spirituality not as a set of rituals but as a living, practical experience. Texts such as the Bhagavad Gita, which highlights the significance of living in line with one's highest principles and selfless action (Karma Yoga), served as motivation for him. According to Gandhi, genuine spirituality shows up in day-to-day activities via dedication to the truth, non-violence, and service to others. Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which emphasize the incorporation of spiritual ideas into everyday life, are characterized by this idea of spirituality as action. Gandhi's strategy emphasizes how spirituality ought to direct moral behaviour, social justice, and individual development in practical settings. <strong>Contemporary Relevance of Gandhian Ideals and IKS</strong> &nbsp; The fusion of IKS with Gandhian principles in the present day provides answers to urgent global issues. Important application areas consist of: &nbsp; <strong>1. Education Reform: </strong> Modern schooling frequently places a strong emphasis on rote memorization, which inhibits creativity and critical thinking. By combining the holistic approach of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) with Gandhian ideas of experiential learning, education can change to promote creativity, moral reasoning, and problem-solving abilities. As seen by his idea of Nai Talim, Gandhi's emphasis on experiential learning motivates pupils to actively interact with their surroundings, fostering the development of moral character and practical knowledge. This is supported by IKS, which emphasizes self-awareness, connection, and the growth of a well-rounded person. These methods can be combined to develop pupils who are not only knowledgeable but also able to think critically and act morally. &nbsp; <strong>2. Sustainable Development: </strong> The ecological issues of the world necessitate a change to environmentally conscious, sustainable behaviours. Gandhian ideals, which emphasize non-exploitation and simple life, are consistent with the philosophy of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which promotes sustainable solutions. Gandhi's dedication to self-reliance and environmentally sustainable methods, such organic farming and handcrafting, goes hand in hand with IKS's ingrained reverence for the natural world. When combined, these frameworks support organic farming, renewable energy, and conservation-based urban design. We can build resilient communities that successfully address today's environmental issues by incorporating these ideas into contemporary development techniques. These communities will strike a balance between ecological well-being and social and economic advancement. <strong>3. Inclusive Economy: </strong> Because the international economy frequently sustains exploitative regimes, inequality has increased. By highlighting local economies, cooperative structures, and ethical trade, a Gandhian-IKS framework provides a transformative approach. Gandhi encouraged community-driven economic growth by emphasizing self-sufficiency through Khadi and village businesses, which lessens dependency on international exploitation. IKS backs these concepts by appreciating decentralized economies and just, sustainable methods. Through the promotion of cooperative ownership and ethical commerce, this framework aims to establish fair economic structures that give social welfare, environmental conservation, and local empowerment top priority. In contrast to the existing economic model, it promotes inclusive growth and lessens systemic inequalities. &nbsp; <strong>4. Mental and Physical Health: </strong> Ayurveda and yoga's comebacks demonstrate the Indian Knowledge Systems' (IKS) enduring value in fostering holistic health, which emphasizes the union of the mind, body, and spirit. Together with Ayurveda's natural healing methods, yoga's focus on physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation provides a holistic approach to wellness. In addition to these activities, Gandhi's principles of self-discipline, balance, and simplicity promote a way of living that supports mental and physical health. Amidst contemporary lifestyle problems like stress and chronic illness, this Gandhian-IKS viewpoint offers a balanced and sustainable route to health, promoting resilience and general well-being. &nbsp; <strong>Challenges in Reviving IKS Through Gandhian Ideals</strong> &nbsp; Although IKS and Gandhian ideals have great promise, their incorporation into modern systems is hampered by a number of issues: &nbsp; <strong>1. Westernization of Knowledge: </strong> Traditional knowledge systems are frequently marginalized by the predominance of Western paradigms in administration and education, which results in a one-size-fits-all strategy that ignores different cultural viewpoints. While indigenous and local knowledge systems, including those in agriculture, medicine, and spirituality, are either ignored or underestimated, Western forms of science, technology, and governance have been given precedence in many countries. In addition to undermining cultural identities, this marginalization reduces the possibility of finding different, situation-specific answers to today's problems. Societies can develop more inclusive, sustainable, and culturally appropriate frameworks for governance and education by acknowledging and incorporating traditional knowledge systems. &nbsp; <strong>2. Documentation and Standardization: </strong> Formalizing and incorporating Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into mainstream frameworks is extremely difficult because a large portion of IKS is still undocumented or fragmented. Traditional knowledge, which is transmitted orally, through regional customs, and through community-based education, frequently lacks systematic recording or written records. It is challenging to retain, research, and use IKS in modern situations due to the lack of standardized formats. Furthermore, attempts to incorporate IKS into contemporary frameworks for development, policymaking, and education are hampered by its lack of official acknowledgment. Efforts must be directed on recording, conserving, and standardizing IKS in order to overcome this and guarantee their inclusion in future social advancements while honouring their indigenous context. &nbsp; <strong>3. Cultural Disconnection: </strong> Cultural alienation has increased as a result of rapid urbanization and globalization, particularly among younger generations. Traditional values, customs, and languages are being progressively disregarded in favour of contemporary, Westernized lifestyles as cities grow and the impact of the world grows. Cultural identity may erode as a result of younger people's inability to relate to or value indigenous customs due to their frequent exposure to global media and technology. The preservation of traditional knowledge, arts, and customs is at risk due to this gap. In order to overcome this, initiatives must be made to protect and promote indigenous traditions, giving future generations a sense of pride and continuity in the face of global change. &nbsp; <strong>4. Policy and Implementation Gaps: </strong> Although the importance of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) is becoming more widely acknowledged, turning these insights into workable policies is still a difficult task. IKS integration into contemporary frameworks for development, education, and governance calls for a great deal of work, cross-sector coordination, and alignment. It can be challenging for policymakers to reconcile traditional knowledge with modern demands, especially when it comes to formalizing and standardizing indigenous traditions. In order to execute policies effectively, academic institutions, governmental organizations, and local communities must work together and establish mechanisms for documenting, preserving, and promoting IKS in a way that is both pertinent and flexible enough to be used in contemporary settings. &nbsp; &nbsp; <strong>Pathways for Revival and Integration</strong> &nbsp; To overcome these obstacles, a multifaceted strategy is necessary: &nbsp; <strong>1. Policy Interventions: </strong> For ancient wisdom to be preserved and applied in contemporary settings, governments must give Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) top priority when developing policies related to education, health, and the environment. Incorporating Indian customs and cultural knowledge into the curriculum is emphasized in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which provides a potential foundation. It supports a comprehensive educational strategy that incorporates IKS with contemporary scientific knowledge, encouraging sustainability, moral principles, and community-driven growth. Governments can promote a more inclusive, sustainable, and culturally sensitive approach to national progress and well-being by coordinating health, education, and environmental policies with IKS. &nbsp; <strong>2. Research and Documentation: </strong> Bridging the gap between ancient wisdom and contemporary science requires systematic attempts to record and validate traditional knowledge. We may conserve important insights that have been refined over generations by meticulously documenting indigenous practices, such as those in agriculture, medicine, and environmental management. This documentation can serve as a basis for scientific investigation, presenting fresh viewpoints on resource management, sustainability, and health. Traditional knowledge has legitimacy and significance in modern circumstances when it is validated using exacting scientific methodologies. By ensuring that traditional knowledge is combined with contemporary advancements, such initiatives promote a more comprehensive and long-term method of problem-solving. &nbsp; <strong>3. Public Awareness: </strong> A strong sense of pride and ownership among residents can be fostered by public awareness initiatives that emphasize the importance of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) in daily life. These campaigns can assist people in understanding the importance of IKS in tackling current issues by demonstrating how traditional methods in fields like sustainability, health, and agriculture contribute to contemporary solutions. Cultural identity can be strengthened and sustainable living encouraged by supporting regional crafts, indigenous eating customs, and environmental care. These kinds of programs can encourage people to incorporate IKS into their everyday lives, fostering a sense of shared obligation to protect and uphold these priceless customs for coming generations. <strong>4. Collaborative Platforms: </strong> The practical application of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which are in line with Gandhian ideals of independence, sustainability, and social welfare, can be greatly aided by collaborative platforms including academia, business, and communities. These platforms can help close the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary technological breakthroughs by establishing partnerships. While enterprises can assist in scaling up indigenous practices for real-world application, academic institutions can investigate and validate them. Communities can offer insightful information about the local applicability of IKS, guaranteeing that the solutions are advantageous and suitable for the local culture. These partnerships foster equitable, sustainable development based on the Gandhian values of harmony, simplicity, and service. &nbsp; <strong>Conclusion</strong> &nbsp; Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) provide a potent framework for addressing the urgent issues of the modern world when examined through the prism of Gandhian principles. The fundamental ideals of IKS, which place a strong emphasis on ethical behaviour, sustainable living, and harmony with nature, are strongly aligned with Gandhiji's ideas of non-violence, truth, simplicity, and self-reliance. These principles align with global hopes for a more fair, sustainable, and just future where advancement is determined by societal and human well-being rather than merely financial gain. When IKS is combined with contemporary innovations and guided by Gandhian principles, a comprehensive strategy that fosters individual and group development is produced. Gandhian principles advocate for innovations that serve the larger good rather than just financial gain, and they urge for the reconciliation of ethical considerations with technological advancement. We may address environmental issues, social injustices, and moral conundrums by combining traditional knowledge with modern understanding, paving the way for a solution that preserves natural balance and human dignity. Gandhian values and IKS work together to provide a sustainable framework for the future that offers answers that are both realistic and ethically sound. More than just an academic endeavor, the resuscitation of this relationship is a cultural and moral necessity that guarantees the survival of India's age-old knowledge. With its foundation in Gandhian philosophy, IKS's insights provide a beacon of hope for bringing about world peace in today's fast changing world, where the need for ethical behaviour and sustainable development is more important than ever. This blending of ageless customs and cutting-edge technology has the power to uplift and impact public opinion, reinforcing India's position as a leader and source of knowledge in building a more equitable, inclusive, and sustainable world for coming generations.

This study examines the significance of ancient Indian knowledge system (IKS) as an invaluable asset for fostering sustainable and inclusive development. By emphasizing domains such as Ayurveda, Yoga, traditional agricultural practices, environmental ethics, and community-centered economic frameworks, the paper investigates the ways in which IKS contributes to fostering sustainable lifestyles and social inclusivity. Drawing upon historical texts alongside contemporary applications, this research highlights how the foundational principles of these traditions can effectively address present-day demands for ecological equilibrium, holistic health, and fair economic systems. It further evaluates the challenges and opportunities surrounding the integration of IKS into contemporary paradigms, offering strategic recommendations for policy innovation and educational reform aimed at reviving and embedding India’s extensive intellectual heritage into modern contexts.

Indian ethos plays a crucial role in promoting the Indian knowledge system. The Indian ethos, deeply rooted in its cultural, philosophical, and spiritual traditions, provides a unique framework that nurtures and sustains the Indian knowledge system. Indian ethos emphasizes a holistic understanding of life, which includes physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being. This holistic approach is reflected in Indian knowledge systems like Ayurveda, Yoga, and Vedanta, which consider the interconnectedness of all aspects of existence. ndia's rich cultural diversity and pluralistic ethos have contributed to the development of various knowledge systems across different regions and communities. This diversity is celebrated and respected, leading to a vibrant exchange of ideas and innovations. Indian ethos emphasizes the importance of values like truth (Satya), righteousness (Dharma), non-violence (Ahimsa), and self-discipline (Tapas). These values are integral to the Indian knowledge system and are imparted through educational institutions and traditional guru-shishya parampara (teacher-student relationship). The spiritual foundation of Indian ethos, rooted in ancient scriptures like the Vedas, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita, provides a philosophical basis for the Indian knowledge system. This spiritual perspective encourages inquiry, introspection, and a quest for higher knowledge.

This article explores the socio-cultural impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on traditional Indian communities. In recent years, AI technologies have increasingly penetrated various aspects of Indian society, influencing cultural practices, economic structures, and social dynamics. The study examines how AI advancements are reshaping traditional roles, customs, and knowledge systems within these communities. It investigates both the positive and negative implications of AI adoption, highlighting changes in livelihood patterns, community cohesion, and intergenerational knowledge transfer. Special attention is given to the ethical considerations and challenges arising from the integration of AI into cultural frameworks that emphasize collective identity and spiritual values. Through a qualitative approach involving case studies and community interviews, the research elucidates the nuanced responses of traditional Indian societies to AI innovations, addressing issues of cultural preservation, adaptation, and resilience. By analyzing these dynamics, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between technological progress and cultural continuity in contemporary India.

The Indian Systems of Medicine and Homoeopathy include Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Homoeopathy in addition to practices like Yoga and Naturopathy. While some of these systems are indigenous, others have over time assimilated into Indian society. The Indian system of medicine has established its value in treating several diseases that Allopathy is vying to treat. The Indian medical system has a long history that is significantly older than the current Allopathy, which begs the question of whether affection is necessary. The oldest and most effective kind of traditional Indian treatment is Ayurveda. India has one of the world's oldest medical systems. The term for it is Ayurvedic medicine (Ayurveda). Ayurveda is the science of life since in Sanskrit, Ayur means "life" and Veda means "science" or "knowledge." These include Homoeopathy, Natural Therapeutics, Yoga, Siddha, and Unani. Homoeopathy arrived in India in the 18th century, but it quickly got fully integrated into Indian culture and enriched like any other system, making it a part of Indian medical systems today. Homoeopathy and the Indian System of Treatment are preferred by most Indians for their healthcare practices over allopathic medicine because of cost-benefit analysis. The Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy in India are hence the main topics of this research paper's overview.

<strong>Abstract:</strong> This study endeavours to explore the vital role of community involvement in integrating Indian traditional knowledge in school education. Through this study, an attempt has been made to analyse the policy documents of NEP 2020 &amp; NCF-SE 2023 to elucidate the role of community participation in enriching the learning experiences and acquaint learners with the traditional knowledge practices of diverse Indian communities. Moreover, the study also provide strategies for effective incorporation of Indian traditional knowledge through community participation in various aspects of school education. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Community Involvement, Indian Traditional Knowledge, School Education, NEP 2020, NCF-SE 2023, Holistic Learning.

The research aims to explore the development and implementation of digital repositories as a means of preserving and providing accessibility to traditional knowledge.&nbsp; Traditional knowledge, deeply rooted in culture and passed down through generations, encompasses a wealth of information on various aspects of life, including agriculture, healthcare, crafts, and spirituality. However, this knowledge is often at risk of being lost due to factors such as globalization, urbanization, and modernization. Digital repositories offer a promising solution by providing a platform for storing, organizing, and disseminating traditional knowledge in a digital format. This study will investigate the process of creating digital repositories, the challenges involved, and the impact on the preservation and transmission of traditional knowledge.

Abstract: The Indian knowledge system is a vast tradition encompassing philosophy, science, mathematics, medicine, and literature. India’s mathematical legacy is profound, originating from ancient Vedic literature and the works of mathematicians like Aryabhata, Bhāṣkarācārya, Varāhamihira and Brahmagupta. Vedic mathematics, which is based on ancient Indian texts, provides effective strategies for solving problems that make intricate calculations easier. The study explores current studies that apply Vedic ideas to domains such as image processing, chess strategy, and calculus we may create a more inventive, inclusive, and culturally aware educational framework by reexamining and reviving Indian knowledge system and bridging traditional knowledge with modern science and technology. We also explore the difficulties and opportunities in utilizing this traditional system for future advancements in mathematics. The Indian Knowledge System (IKS), encompassing disciplines such as Vedic Mathematics, offers profound insights into mathematical problem-solving and computational efficiency. This paper explores the mathematical aspects of IKS and Vedic Mathematics, examining their historical foundations, modern applications, and the challenges associated with their integration into contemporary scientific and technological frameworks. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study aims to highlight the relevance of these ancient systems in addressing modern computational challenges. Keywords: Indian Knowledge System, Vedic Mathematics, Image Processing, Chess Strategy, Contemporary Curriculum, Bridging Traditional Knowledge, Computational Challenges.

Abstract The Birhor tribe&rsquo;s knowledge, education and culture are predominantly passed down orally from one generation to the next. This oral tradition is an integral part of their identity and existence. For centuries, they have derived this knowledge from nature and have worked to preserve it. This oral tradition holds a significant place within the Indian knowledge system, making it essential to preserve and protect this wisdom.This long-accumulated knowledge is now at risk as the&nbsp;traditional process of knowledge transferring is gradually fading away.&nbsp;Globalization and the influence of western culture, lack of&nbsp;representation, changing livelihoods, generation gap etc. have caused&nbsp;the younger generation of the Birhor community to gradually lose touch&nbsp;with their traditional wisdom. This research article aims to analyze the&nbsp;contribution of Birhor oral tradition to the Indian knowledge system, by&nbsp;drawing parallels between the tribal culture and practices of the Birhor&nbsp;community and Indian ancient culture as depicted in various ancient&nbsp;Indian texts, while also examining the generational gap that is&nbsp;contributing to the decline of this invaluable culture and intellectual&nbsp;legacy. The study seeks to identify way to prevent further loss and&nbsp;ensure the continuation of this rich tradition. Keywords: Oral Tradition, Indian Knowledge System, Birhor Tribe, Generational Gap, Indigenous Knowledge.

When a civilisation with its own traditional systems of science and philosophy encounters modern knowledge emanating from Europe, a complex change in the former must result. In India, the situation was complicated by the fact that the flagbearers of modern science had also become the masters of the country, and their interests as rulers did not necessarily accord with the pursuit of a full-scale modernising project. The article traces the development of Indian response to the European impact, and how Indian intellectuals began to imbibe modern values, adjusting (not abandoning) their own cultural heritage.

This research paper explores how Indian tradition and sensibility shape the narration style in Indian English fiction. It also aims to contemplate the deep connection between India&rsquo;s ancient knowledge systems and the literary expression of Indian English Fiction writers. Indian writers in English have long steered between honouring traditional cultural wisdom and engaging with global literary forms, by examining the works of authors such as Raja Rao, R.K. Narayan, Rabindranath Tagore, Arundhati Roy, Amitav Ghosh, Vikram Seth, and the writer of this research paper. This analysis examines how the stories incorporate elements of Indian mythology, philosophy, and folklore, providing new perspectives on identity, spirituality, and human nature. In this way, these authors reclaim Indian thought through the lens of modernity and post-colonial sensibilities. India has accepted all those who arrived in this country, historically and till this day, be it the Parsis or the Jews seeking refuge or the Persians or the British seeking to plunder and conquer or the Bangladeshis quietly sneaking in. India receives all with humbleness and harmoniously integrates them within its culture. This paper suggests that the use of English in Indian literature is not merely a colonial legacy but a creative tool by which Indian writers reconcile the tensions between the past and the present. The themes such as the cyclical nature of time, interconnectedness with nature, and the exploration of memory and myth have been used by these authors. They also draw from indigenous knowledge systems&mdash;ranging from Vedantic thought to folk traditions&mdash;and provide the readers with a subtle understanding of Indian sensibility. Ultimately, this analysis reveals how Indian English fiction has become a medium for preserving and reinventing cultural narratives.

Medicines are substances that are used to treat, identify, and prevent disease and illness. The ancient civilization of India fostered the growth of numerous medical systems. India offers both the allopathic medical system and the traditional Indian medical system. In addition to one type of allopathy, India has five distinct traditional medicinal systems in use: Siddha, Ayurveda, Unani, Homeopathy, and Naturopathy. In developing countries, traditional medicine is becoming increasingly popular, especially in rural areas. Ayurveda, which translates as "the science of life," is a holistic medical strategy that emphasizes keeping one's body, mind, and spirit in good shape. The three doshas (constitutional types) are the basis of ayurvedic doctrine, and the patient's constitution is more heavily considered during diagnosis and treatment. Astrology and incantation are also used in Siddha medicine. Tamil Nadu, India's most southern state, uses it the most commonly. In addition to mineral or metallic medications, adjuvants (like honey, ghee, milk, betel leaf juice, and hot water) are frequently administered. Clean air, food, water, physical movement and rest, psychological movement and rest, sleep and alertness, and the retention of beneficial materials and outflow of waste materials from the body are the six elements of illness prevention and health promotion. With origins in the Reformation, homoeopathy in Germany enjoyed a golden age in the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1995, the Department of Homeopathy and Indian Systems of Medicine was established. One of the objectives of the organization is to develop standards for Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha, and homoeopathic medicines. Folk knowledge about the traditional application of herbal remedies is very prevalent in ethnic cultures. People become physically and psychologically weaker when they don't take their medication, which makes them more susceptible to contracting new ailments. In addition to allopathy, India has five additional traditional medical systems. Among these are Siddha, Ayurveda, Unani, Homeopathy, and Naturopathy.

In today's globalized world, the integration of Indian knowledge system into modern education in the field of E-commerce holds immense potential for creating a more holistic and culturally enriched approach to learning and conducting business ^{(Sehgal, 2023)}.This can be achieved by incorporating the principles and teachings from ancient Indian philosophy, which emphasize the concept of Karma and the importance of physical and spiritual solitariness in education ^{(Patil &amp; Patil, 2021)}.By incorporating the principles and teachings from ancient Indian philosophy, such as the concept of Karma and the significance of physical and spiritual solitariness, modern education in E-commerce can take on a more comprehensive and ethical approach ^{(Sehgal, 2023)}.By integrating the ancient Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce, students can gain a deeper understanding of ethical practices and values, which are integral to creating a sustainable and responsible e-commerce ecosystem. Furthermore, the integration of the Indian knowledge system can also contribute to the development of innovative e-commerce infrastructure that incorporates all aspects of e-commerce, including physical and online platforms, while also promoting ethical practices. Additionally, the integration of Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce can foster a sense of national moral values and contribute to nation building ^{(Patil &amp; Patil, 2021)}.Integrating the Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce has the potential to create a more holistic and culturally enriched approach to learning and conducting business, while also promoting ethical practices and fostering a sense of national moral values. By incorporating the principles and teachings from ancient Indian philosophy, such as the concept of Karma and the significance of physical and spiritual solitariness, modern education in E-commerce can embrace a more comprehensive and value-based approach. The integration of indigenous knowledge into modern education in E-commerce is crucial for the development and empowerment of marginalized communities. This can be achieved through the use of ICT tools to gather, store, retrieve, and include cultural knowledge in education. By incorporating indigenous knowledge into the curriculum and teaching methods, students can gain a broader perspective that includes traditional wisdom and practices. By integrating the Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce, we can not only enhance the technical skills of students but also cultivate their moral values and character development. In today's rapidly changing world, integrating the Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce is crucial. This integration can help students navigate the complexities of the digital world while also instilling values and ethics that are essential for responsible and sustainable business practices. Integrating the Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce can create a more comprehensive and value-based approach, promoting ethical practices, fostering a sense of social responsibility, and empowering marginalized communities. Overall, integrating the Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce has the potential to create a more holistic, culturally enriched, and morally grounded approach to learning and conducting business, ensuring the development of both technical skills and ethical values among students. In today's globalized and constantly evolving business landscape, the integration of the Indian knowledge system into modern education in E-commerce is crucial for fostering competent professionals

North-East India, which falls under the Indian Eastern Himalayan region and forms part of two global biodiversity hotspots, is well-known for its rich diversity of flora, fauna, cultures and traditional knowledge systems. Agriculture is the main occupation of the communities living in this region supplemented by utilization of wild useful species from the nearby forests. Traditional agriculture in North-East India follows mixed cropping pattern through multi-cropping, crop rotation, use of multipurpose nitrogen (N)-fixing trees, along with protection of semi-domesticated and wild biodiversity, including medicinal plants, wild edible fruits and vegetables, fodder plants and other useful species. Presently, there has been a gradual shifting from subsistence cultivation to commercial agriculture driven by market forces and modernization, leading to transition from traditional to intensive agriculture and monoculture of cash crops. This has resulted in reduced cultivation of local crop varieties and disappearance of the associated traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). Therefore, the present study attempts to review the contribution of traditional agricultural practices to agrobiodiversity conservation and sustainable natural resource management. Relevant traditional practices such as shifting (Jhum) cultivation systems, bamboo-drip irrigation, paddy-cum-fish cultivation, traditional agroforestry systems of different Indigenous communities residing in different states of North-East India were mentioned in this review. It is undeniable that TEK was developed by communities through many centuries by trial-and-error methods to conform to the local climate, topography, ecology and socio-cultural relevance to the concerned Indigenous communities. This knowledge, therefore, has a great scope for improvement by integration with scientific knowledge for transforming into sustainable agricultural systems in the face of climate change adaptation and mitigation of the vulnerable mountain communities of the Himalayan region.

Eat Raja, located in Malleshwaram, Bangalore, is India’s first zero-waste juice shop. This study explores how Eat Raja integrates traditional Indian knowledge systems with modern sustainability practices to create a zero-waste ecosystem. By eliminating plastic use, composting organic waste, and promoting community engagement, Eat Raja sets an example for sustainable business operations. The study underscores the significant role such enterprises play in fostering environmental conservation, reducing waste, and supporting the local economy. Furthermore, the paper examines the impact of these initiatives on consumer behaviour and their potential to influence policy decisions toward more sustainable business practices.

<em>The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is a vast, multi-dimensional repository of knowledge that has evolved over millennia across the diverse cultural landscapes of India. It encompasses various disciplines, such as philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, agriculture, and social organization, all of which were deeply integrated into daily life and community practices. Among the many indigenous communities of India, the tribal populations have played a crucial role in preserving and transmitting traditional knowledge systems that are not only localized but also contribute to the broader cultural and intellectual heritage of the country. One such community is the Madadev Koli tribe, residing predominantly in the state of Maharashtra.The Madadev Kolis, an ethnic group with a rich cultural and historical background, are part of the larger Koli tribe, which has historically been associated with agriculture, fishing, and forest-based livelihoods. Their knowledge of nature, medicinal plants, ecological systems, and social structures is deeply embedded in their way of life and is reflective of the broader Indian Knowledge System. This tribe's spiritual beliefs, oral traditions, and practices offer unique insights into the fusion of nature and wisdom, which has been passed down through generations, often through songs, rituals, and storytelling.</em> <em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This paper explores the intersection between the Indian Knowledge System and the Madadev Koli tribe, focusing on how their traditional knowledge contributes to both local and global understandings of sustainable living, environmental stewardship, and community cohesion. It delves into their agrarian practices, the use of indigenous medicinal plants, their social structures, and the wisdom embedded in their cultural expressions. By examining the practices of the Madadev Koli tribe, this study seeks to highlight the continuing relevance of indigenous knowledge systems in contemporary society and their potential to enrich modern approaches to sustainability and cultural preservation.</em> <em>The paper further investigates how the Indian Knowledge System, through communities like the Madadev Kolis, offers a profound understanding of harmony between humans and nature&mdash;an essential principle that could guide the modern world in addressing environmental crises and preserving cultural diversity. Through this exploration, the study aims to contribute to the broader discourse on the integration of indigenous knowledge into contemporary educational and policy frameworks.</em>

AbstractTraditional medicine comprises of health related knowledge, skill and practices indigenous to different cultures. India has a rich heritage of traditional system of medicine that emphasizes the close link between mind and body like the psychosomatic medicine. The government of India has set up a department of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy). The importance of life style, dietary and environmental factors in the development of various psychosomatic disorders has been emphasized in all the Indian traditional systems of medicine. Although studies have shown acceptability and beneficial role of traditional medicinal practices, efforts should be made to tease out and conduct research on the practices, which can help physicians in improving well-being of the patients. More rigorous research is required in the direction to generate evidence base for these practices so that their full potential can be realized.

Mainstreaming biodiversity in production landscapes ensures conservation and sustainable use of agricultural biodiversity, the key objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the projects supported by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) Global Environment Facility (GEF). Mainstreaming integrates biodiversity in existing or new programs and policies, both cross-sectoral and sector-specific. The conventional model of agricultural production with limited diversity in production systems and use of high chemical input has taught us a valuable lesson as it is adversely impacting the environment, the essential ecosystem services, the soil health and the long term sustainability of our food systems. Using a qualitative participant observation approach, our study investigated four distinct traditional Indian production landscapes to gage (i) the farming communities’ response to institutional policies, programs and agricultural biodiversity-related activities in traditional Indian production landscapes and (ii) opportunities and challenges for sustainable development in smallholder traditional Indian farming systems. Results indicate that the top-down decision-making regime is the least effective towards achieving sustainable development in traditional Indian farming landscapes and that farmers’ experiential knowledge on participatory biodiversity management, maintenance and use for sustainable development are of critical importance to India’s agriculture and economy. Reclaiming agriculture’s spiritual roots through organic farming and locally grown food emerged as key, including the need for designing and implementing a more sovereign food system. Revisiting traditional smallholder farming under the COVID-19 pandemic and lessons learned for repurposing India’s agricultural policy are also highlighted.

As the world is progressing towards advancement and technological mind-frame, the importance of the ancient knowledge in the form of our multi-diverse culture, vedas and vedant cannot be simply overlooked. Our Indian culture is a rich source of knowledge in various domains of the business, society and economy, the importance of which has been truly realized by the policymakers in the recent era. Hence NEP 2020 has issued the necessary guidelines to inculcate the IKS (Indian Knowledge system) in the current education system as an essential part of curriculum to promote the Indian language, arts and culture and to improve the quality of education in the current era which is highly based on ancient knowledge and learning, the basic foundation for the growth and development of the society as a whole. In this context my research paper titled as &ldquo;Study on Challenges of IKS in NEP 2020&rdquo; will help the researchers, academicians and others to identify and analyse the challenges associated with IKS in NEP 2020 and develop a better understanding of the same to find better solutions in future.

Integrating the Indian knowledge system into modern computer science education can provide a rich, interdisciplinary approach to technology and innovation. By blending traditional knowledge with contemporary methodologies, students and researchers can gain new insights, address ethical considerations, and create technology solutions that benefit society as a whole. This integration also promotes a deeper appreciation for cultural heritage and its relevance to the modern world. Natural language system" refers to a computational system or software that is designed to understand, generate, process, or manipulate human language in a way that is natural and meaningful to humans. These systems are a subset of natural language processing (NLP) technologies and typically involve the use of algorithms, models, and linguistic resources to analyze and produce text or speech. NLP encompasses the development of algorithms, models, and systems that allow computers to understand, interpret, generate, and manipulate human language in a meaningful way. The integration of the Indian knowledge system into modern education in the context of natural language processing (NLP) can provide students with a broader perspective on linguistic diversity, cultural heritage, and innovative approaches to language technologies. Indian languages, with their rich history and unique linguistic structures, offer valuable insights that can enhance modern NLP education.This paper explores the integration of Indian knowledge systems into NLP education, focusing on the unique linguistic characteristics, cultural nuances, and technological challenges inherent in Indian languages. Drawing from a rich tapestry of linguistic traditions, literature, and philosophical insights, this integration aims to enrich NLP research, innovation, and societal impact.

Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) integration provides a significant chance to enhance instructional practices and foster cultural diversity in contemporary education. This paper explores how Natural Language Processing (NLP) can be used to translate classical Indian literature and instructional materials, allowing the integration of traditional knowledge with modern pedagogy. The goal of the project is to provide accurate and contextually aware translations of Indian languages and knowledge systems using sophisticated natural language processing (NLP) technologies, such as machine learning and language modeling. Teachers and students can benefit from these translations by having access to a plethora of knowledge on topics rooted in India's rich history, including philosophy, science, mathematics, and literature. In order to provide accurate and respectful translations of the content, the research also discusses ethical issues and obstacles related to translating IKS. This emphasizes the importance of working in conjunction with Indian communities and researchers. The aim of this endeavor is to create a holistic and inclusive educational experience that respects India's past and equips students for the globalized world by incorporating IKS into contemporary education.

Indian traditional medicine, encompassing systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani, has been deeply rooted in the cultural heritage of the country for centuries. In rural Tamil Nadu, where these traditions have thrived, there exists a rich tapestry of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding traditional medicine. This study aims to delve into the landscape of traditional medicine in rural Tamil Nadu, shedding light on the depth of local knowledge, prevailing attitudes, prevalent practices, and pertinent safety concerns. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative interviews and quantitative assessments, data was collected from diverse rural communities across Tamil Nadu. Findings reveal a nuanced understanding of traditional medicine, deeply intertwined with cultural beliefs and socio-economic factors. Local communities demonstrate a profound knowledge of medicinal plants, formulations, and therapeutic practices passed down through generations. However, alongside this wealth of knowledge, concerns regarding safety, efficacy, and regulation persist. Attitudes toward traditional medicine are multifaceted, reflecting a blend of reverence, skepticism, and pragmatism. While many individuals continue to rely on traditional healers and remedies for primary healthcare needs, others express reservations, citing issues of standardization and scientific validation. Practices vary widely, from home remedies administered by family members to consultations with traditional practitioners and integration with modern healthcare systems.&nbsp; This study explores Indian traditional medicine in rural Tamil Nadu, highlighting safety concerns like adulteration and misidentification of plants. It suggests a comprehensive approach that integrates traditional and modern medicine, ensuring the safety and well-being of rural communities while addressing knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The approach places a strong emphasis on using data and statistics from secondary sources to discuss the article's subject. It draws attention to how important the current social, political, and economic environment is in shaping the conversation.

Panchayati Raj is not just a word but an outstanding example of India's self-sufficient village system, capable of meeting the needs of every individual. It is an essential part of decentralization of power and rural self-governance. Although the establishment of Panchayati Raj in modern times is often considered a new system, in reality, it has existed in a great country like India since ancient times. Indian traditional knowledge has deep-rooted administrative principles. For instance, the Arthashastra, written by the great scholar Kautilya, provides a detailed account of governance, emphasizing village administration and local self-governance. Similarly, during the late second and early third centuries, the Satavahana dynasty decentralized power to ensure the smooth administration of the state. This highlights that local governance was strong and effective even in ancient India. In modern India, the Panchayati Raj system is not only a pillar of rural development but also plays a crucial role in the development of tribal regions. The implementation of the PESA (Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act has facilitated welfare programs for Van Bandhu (tribal communities), ensuring autonomy and empowerment for indigenous populations. Thus, the Panchayati Raj system is not merely an administrative structure but a vibrant and progressive system deeply connected to Indian traditional knowledge, village self-rule, and tribal empowerment.

The integration of the Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into modern education, in alignment with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, represents a pivotal shift towards a more holistic and culturally grounded educational framework. This endeavour seeks to celebrate and leverage India's rich heritage of traditional knowledge, spanning disciplines like Ayurveda, Yoga, Vedas, Jyotish Shastra, and indigenous sciences and arts. The NEP 2020 emphasizes the importance of incorporating IKS into mainstream education to nurture a deeper understanding of India's diverse cultural fabric and promote a comprehensive worldview that transcends conventional academic boundaries. This integration aims to bridge the gap between ancient wisdom and contemporary knowledge, fostering interdisciplinary learning and innovation.

Aging causes significant physical changes that make the cardiovascular, nervous, excretory, pulmonary, and other systems susceptible to certain diseases even without typical risk factors. Aging causes many cell and tissue changes that increase disease and death risks.As antioxidative and repair mechanisms decline with age, oxidative damage increases. Numerous research studies indicate that polyphenolic compounds which are present on fruits and vegetables may possess anti-aging, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Fruit colors come from anthocyanins, which suppress lipid peroxidation, cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-1 and -2, and oxidative stress. While aging cannot be reversed, it is possible to delay its progression. The “nourishing of life” acknowledges some traditional Indian herbs and compounds from plant extracts for their anti-aging, antioxidant, and phytotherapeutic characteristics. This includes amla, ashwagandha, tulsi, allicin, Aloe vera, Syzygium cumini (Jamun), Ginkgo biloba, curcumin, and othes. Therefore, it is crucial to gain knowledge of the molecular mechanisms and search for therapeutic effects that can increase lifespan and improve healthspan.

Abstract A brief history of traditional Indian medicine, in particular, Yoga and Siddha systems of medicine, is presented as a four-part series including Part 1 – Why Indian medicos need to know of the rich medical heritage of Bharat, an eye-opener, Part 2 – Evidence-based ancient history of India that is Bharat, revisited, Part 3 – A brief on the knowledge level of ancient India and knowledge codified under Yoga, pertaining to optimum health and maximising human potential and Part 4 – A brief on the Siddha system of medicine, including their knowledge level and the Siddha contribution to medical education in the ancient world. India’s rich medical heritage has been kept away from India and the world in general by a distorted colonial narrative. In this second part of the series, why we need to revisit the history of ancient India is discussed; evidence that suggests that an advanced civilisation existed in peninsular India in pre-historic times, which went under ocean waters due to sea level rise, is presented; and emerging evidence available on the history of traditional Indian medicine, mainly Siddha medicine which belongs to those timelines, is presented.

This comprehensive exploration delves into the dynamic landscape of library management systems (LMS) in the context of India. It scrutinizes the evolution of libraries, catalyzed by the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and underscores the significant shifts in traditional library paradigms. Focusing on the Indian context, the paper delves into recent trends shaping library management systems, harnessing case studies and references to emphasize their implications. The paper unfolds with an investigation of how ICT has metamorphosed Indian libraries into digital enclaves, where automation, accessibility, and preservation reign supreme. Key trends are unveiled, showcasing the profound impact of these shifts. The National Digital Library (NDL) stands as a beacon of democratized knowledge access, while user-centric services, cloud-based solutions, and open-source systems redefine user experiences and accessibility. Further, the paper elucidates the role of LMS in fostering collaboration and resource sharing within consortia. Integrated networks and unified catalogs empower libraries to amplify their collections and streamline services. The potential of shared acquisitions, interlibrary loan systems, and knowledge exchange emerges, augmenting libraries&#39; capacity to cater to diverse user demands. The paper concludes by recognizing the symbiotic relationship between ICT and libraries, substantiating their collaborative progression. However, it does not overlook challenges such as digital inequality, data privacy, and the risk of technological obsolescence. These challenges underscore the importance of calibrated implementation, digital literacy initiatives, and ethical considerations. In essence, the narrative underscores the transformational journey of Indian libraries through the integration of ICT and their transition into dynamic hubs of knowledge dissemination, research collaboration, and cultural preservation. The holistic perspective offered encompasses the triumphs, trends, challenges, and future prospects, establishing Indian libraries as torchbearers of innovation and inclusivity.

This comprehensive exploration delves into the dynamic landscape of library management systems (LMS) in the context of India. It scrutinizes the evolution of libraries, catalyzed by the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and underscores the significant shifts in traditional library paradigms. Focusing on the Indian context, the paper delves into recent trends shaping library management systems, harnessing case studies and references to emphasize their implications. The paper unfolds with an investigation of how ICT has metamorphosed Indian libraries into digital enclaves, where automation, accessibility, and preservation reign supreme. Key trends are unveiled, showcasing the profound impact of these shifts. The National Digital Library (NDL) stands as a beacon of democratized knowledge access, while user-centric services, cloud-based solutions, and open-source systems redefine user experiences and accessibility. Further, the paper elucidates the role of LMS in fostering collaboration and resource sharing within consortia. Integrated networks and unified catalogs empower libraries to amplify their collections and streamline services. The potential of shared acquisitions, interlibrary loan systems, and knowledge exchange emerges, augmenting libraries&#39; capacity to cater to diverse user demands. The paper concludes by recognizing the symbiotic relationship between ICT and libraries, substantiating their collaborative progression. However, it does not overlook challenges such as digital inequality, data privacy, and the risk of technological obsolescence. These challenges underscore the importance of calibrated implementation, digital literacy initiatives, and ethical considerations. In essence, the narrative underscores the transformational journey of Indian libraries through the integration of ICT and their transition into dynamic hubs of knowledge dissemination, research collaboration, and cultural preservation. The holistic perspective offered encompasses the triumphs, trends, challenges, and future prospects, establishing Indian libraries as torchbearers of innovation and inclusivity.

North-East India, which falls under the Indian Eastern Himalayan region and forms part of two global biodiversity hotspots, is well-known for its rich diversity of flora, fauna, cultures and traditional knowledge systems. Agriculture is the main occupation of the communities living in this region supplemented by utilization of wild useful species from the nearby forests. Traditional agriculture in North-East India follows mixed cropping pattern through multi-cropping, crop rotation, use of multipurpose nitrogen (N)-fixing trees, along with protection of semi-domesticated and wild biodiversity, including medicinal plants, wild edible fruits and vegetables, fodder plants and other useful species. Presently, there has been a gradual shifting from subsistence cultivation to commercial agriculture driven by market forces and modernization, leading to transition from traditional to intensive agriculture and monoculture of cash crops. This has resulted in reduced cultivation of local crop varieties and disappearance of the associated traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). Therefore, the present study attempts to review the contribution of traditional agricultural practices to agrobiodiversity conservation and sustainable natural resource management. Relevant traditional practices such as shifting (Jhum) cultivation systems, bamboo-drip irrigation, paddy-cum-fish cultivation, traditional agroforestry systems of different Indigenous communities residing in different states of North-East India were mentioned in this review. It is undeniable that TEK was developed by communities through many centuries by trial-and-error methods to conform to the local climate, topography, ecology and socio-cultural relevance to the concerned Indigenous communities. This knowledge, therefore, has a great scope for improvement by integration with scientific knowledge for transforming into sustainable agricultural systems in the face of climate change adaptation and mitigation of the vulnerable mountain communities of the Himalayan region.

Abstract A brief history of Traditional Indian Medicine, in particular Yoga and Siddha system of medicine, is presented as a four-part series including Part 1 – WHY Indian medicos need to know of the rich medical heritage of Bharat; an eye-opener, Part 2 – Evidence-based Ancient History of India that is Bharat revisited, Part 3 – A brief on the knowledge level of ancient India and knowledge codified under Yoga, pertaining to optimum health and maximising human potential and Part 4 – A brief on the Siddha system of medicine, including their knowledge level and the Siddha contribution to medical education in the ancient world. India’s rich medical heritage has been kept away from India and the world in general by a distorted colonial narrative. This article attempts to give a little glimpse to Indian medicos.

Education plays a crucial role in shaping both the intellectual and moral framework of any society. In India, the education system is deeply rooted in rich philosophical traditions, offering a holistic approach to learning that emphasizes not only academic knowledge but also moral values. On the other hand, the Western education system is primarily focused on fostering research, critical thinking, and practical application of knowledge. The contrast between these two systems offers a unique opportunity for combining traditional Indian education, which is centered around experiential learning and ancient wisdom in fields such as Ayurveda, Vedic science (Vigyan), yoga, mathematics (Ganita Shastra), chemistry (Rasayana Shastra), and geography (Bhugola), with the investigative and modern knowledge of the Western educational model, which includes advancements in medicine, science, engineering, and technology. This fusion of indigenous and Western knowledge systems is already enhancing our understanding and access to a variety of knowledge sources. However, a significant gap remains — the loss of moral and spiritual education in many modern systems. This gap needs to be addressed, especially in the context of the rapid rise of machine learning and AI, which have started to dominate many aspects of modern life. To bridge this divide, Indian traditions in moral and spiritual education can provide the necessary foundation for integrating human values with technological advancements. In Western societies, education tends to focus heavily on classroom learning, with an emphasis on evaluating students' acquired knowledge through exams. Those who successfully clear these assessments typically earn graded credentials that open the door to professional careers in the labor market. This approach has become globalized, and the modern Indian education system has also adopted similar methods. However, this shift towards a purely technical, evaluation-based system is starting to overlook the importance of moral development, emotional intelligence, and the human touch. As machines and technology continue to take over more tasks, this lack of emotional engagement and human-centered learning becomes a growing concern. To address this deficiency, it is crucial to reintegrate local ethical, traditional, and moral values into the educational system, alongside the spiritual wisdom rooted in Indian culture. By doing so, we can create a value-based educational framework that not only teaches students to excel in academics but also to develop a strong moral compass and emotional intelligence. Incorporating ancient Indian knowledge and wisdom could thus offer a transformative solution, enabling a shift in modern educational pedagogy that balances technological advancements with a deeper understanding of human values, fostering a more holistic and emotionally intelligent generation. This paper explores a harmonious integration of these two systems to foster contemporary and innovative learning methods, benefiting students globally. It presents a comparative analysis, discusses challenges and opportunities, and proposes a framework for integration. Keywords: Indian Education System, Western Education System, Innovative Learning, Comparative Analysis, Contemporary Education