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Journal articles on the topic 'Traditional medicine – Burkina Faso'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Millogo, A., V. Ratsimbazafy, P. Nubukpo, S. Barro, I. Zongo, and P. M. Preux. "Epilepsy and traditional medicine in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 109, no. 4 (April 2004): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2004.00248.x.

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Coulidiati, Tangbadioa Herve. "Burden of cancer and role of traditional medicine in Burkina Faso." International Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 12, no. 5 (2019): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijcam.2019.12.00473.

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3

Alphonsine, Ramde-Tiendrebeogo, Hien Sabine, Millogo-Kone Hassanata, B. Kini Felix, Traore Aristide, Issaka Boussim Joseph, and Pierre Guissou Innocent. "Menopause disorders and their treatment in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 13, no. 18 (November 30, 2019): 458–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2019.6844.

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Dori, Daniel, Habib Ganfon, Fernand Gbaguidi, Brigitte Evrard, Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq, and Rasmané Semde. "Overview of regulations on medicines derived from traditional Pharmacopoeia in Benin and Burkina Faso." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 7, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v7i4.361.

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The success of the promotion policies of the Medicines Derived from Traditional Pharmacopoeia (MDTPs) requires a regulation that is adapted to realities and guarantees their quality, efficiency and safeness. This study aims to analyze the legal texts and the current guiding principles obtained from the heads of the departments in charge of traditional medicine in Burkina Faso and Benin. The documents collected from the two countries have been analyzed comparatively and also in relation to WAEMU regulations and the WHO recommendations. Several texts, dealing with the activity, products, facilities and advertisement related to traditional medicine, have been recorded in both countries. The regulation battery of Burkina Faso is more extensive than that of Benin, especially on traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia facilities. In addition, unlike biomedicines, the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and the West African Health Organization (WAHO) have not yet passed community laws on MDTPs. To limit disparities in legal frameworks between the countries of the same sub-region, it is important that the WAEMU or WAHO be involved in the harmonization of pharmaceutical regulations by setting Community rules in the domain.

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Pale, Siébou, Sibiri Jean-Baptiste Taonda, Boniface Bougouma, and Stephen C. Mason. "Sorghum Malt and Traditional Beer (Dolo) Quality Assessment in Burkina Faso." Ecology of Food and Nutrition 49, no. 2 (March 17, 2010): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670241003697573.

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Zizka, Alexander, Adjima Thiombiano, Stefan Dressler, Blandine MI Nacoulma, Amadé Ouédraogo, Issaka Ouédraogo, Oumarou Ouédraogo, Georg Zizka, Karen Hahn, and Marco Schmidt. "Traditional plant use in Burkina Faso (West Africa): a national-scale analysis with focus on traditional medicine." Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11, no. 1 (2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-11-9.

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Ky, J. M. K., P. Zerbo, C. Gnoula, J. Simpore, J. B. Nikiema, and J. Millogo-Ra. "Medicinal Plants used in Traditional Medicine in the Centre East Region of Burkina Faso." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 12, no. 19 (September 15, 2009): 1287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2009.1287.1298.

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Ouoba, Daogo, Ollo Théophile Dibloni, Komandan Mano, Yampoadiba Ouoba, and Boureima Gustave Kabre. "Role of wild mammals in traditional medicine and mystic practices in the province of Oubritenga, Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 4 (August 17, 2020): 1322–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i4.13.

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Local people use corpses and organs of wild animals for medical care and mystical practices. The study aims to inventory the mammal’s species which organs are used for the treatment of some diseases or the implementation of some mystical practices. It was an ethnozoological survey which took place from September to December 2018 in 11 markets with 18 traditional practitioners selling wild mammal products. In total, 24 species of wild mammals have been identified and 16 organs listed as medicine for cure 21 diseases. Some of these organs are also involved in 7 mystical practices of local people. Animal parts such as the skin (51.30%) and the bones / the horns (16.23%) are the most sought after on the markets. Traders sources are mainly from Burkina Faso (92.57%) and to a lesser extent from Niger (7.43%). Almost all the concerned species are protected (22 species) in Burkina Faso. Among these species, 4 are vulnerable according to the IUCN criteria. The obvious consequence of these traditional needs for corpses and parts of wild mammals collected by local communities is undoubtedly the depletion of biodiversity. Therefore, this requires the application of conservation rules which guarantee better exploitation of these biological resources.Keywords: Biodiversity, wildlife, traditional use, animal’s organ, ethnozoology

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Sanon, S., E. Ollivier, N. Azas, V. Mahiou, M. Gasquet, C. T. Ouattara, I. Nebie, et al. "Ethnobotanical survey and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of plants used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 86, no. 2-3 (June 2003): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00381-1.

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10

Ouédraogo, Lassané, Dominik Fuchs, Hanno Schaefer, and Martin Kiendrebeogo. "Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Rutaceae) from Burkina Faso." Plants 8, no. 9 (September 19, 2019): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8090353.

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Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides is a West African forest tree that is used for example against malaria and sickle cell anemia in Burkina Faso. The goal of this study was to analyze the genetic and morphological diversity of the species within wild populations in Burkina Faso, where it is potentially under threat due to the uncontrolled harvesting of its roots. Seventy-two trees from three different sites in Southwestern Burkina Faso were analyzed. Each tree was characterized by 12 traits specifying the period of flowering and maturity as well as morphological characteristics of the stem, leaves, and seeds. The molecular analysis was performed using two plastid DNA regions (psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF) and two nuclear regions (GBSSI and ITS) to identify the genetic diversity of the species for further development of a management plan for ex situ reproduction and in situ conservation. We found variability in morphological traits correlating with the geographic distance of the study sites. The molecular analysis, in contrast, revealed hardly any genetic variability among the tested trees and no population structure. Whether the differences in morphological traits are caused by different environmental conditions or by genetic variability in genes linked to morphological traits needs further testing. The apparent lack of genetic differentiation suggests that germplasm throughout the study region is suitable for planting in conservation actions. Efficient conservation management should involve local communities, especially those interested in traditional medicine.

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Bayala, Bagora, Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon, Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma, Christelle Nadembega, Silvère Baron, Jean-Marc Lobaccaro, and Jacques Simpore. "Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities on prostate and cervical cultured cancer cells of five medicinal plant extracts from Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 3 (June 18, 2020): 652–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.1.

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Medicinal plants are a potential source of drug discovery and development of cancer chemoprevention drugs. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of hydromethanolic extracts of Musa sapientum L., Cassia italica (Mill.) Spreng., Crateva adansonii DC., Euphorbia hirta L. and Ceratotheca sesamoides Endl. from Burkina Faso. The antioxidative activity of hydromethanolic extracts of plant was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay and ABTS+ radical cation decolorisation assay. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated by MTT assay. Of these five plant extracts, hydromethanolic extract of Euphorbia hirta leaf twigs showed the best antioxidant activity both by DPPH (IC50 = 0.53 ± 0.04 μg extract / μg DPPH) and ABTS (C = 0.302 ± 0.003 μMET / g extract) methods. In addition, hydromethanolic extract of Euphorbia hirta leaf twigs showed the best antiproliferative activity on LNCaP cell lines of prostate cancer while the hydromethanolic extract of the Ceratotheca sesamoides leaf stems showed the best antiproliferative activity on the HeLa cell lines of cervical cancer. This work has shown not only the antioxidant and anticancer activities of these five local plants, but also the potential valorization of these species used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso.Keywords: Cancer, antioxydant, antiproliferative, Medicinal plants, Burkina Faso.

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Pouliot, Mariève. "Relying on nature’s pharmacy in rural Burkina Faso: Empirical evidence of the determinants of traditional medicine consumption." Social Science & Medicine 73, no. 10 (November 2011): 1498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.037.

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Traoré, M., A. Diallo, J. B. Nikièma, H. Tinto, Z. P. Dakuyo, J. B. Ouédraogo, I. P. Guissou, and T. R. Guiguemdé. "In vitro andin vivo antiplasmodial activity of ‘Saye’, an herbal Remedy used in Burkina Faso traditional medicine." Phytotherapy Research 22, no. 4 (2008): 550–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2308.

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Jean, BANGOU Mindiédiba, REYES-MARTÍNEZ Alfonso, COULIDIATI Tangbadioa Hervé, MEGALIZZI Véronique, and NACOULMA Odile Germaine. "Phytochemistry investigation and antioxidant activity of four edible Verbenaceae of Burkina Faso." International Journal of Phytomedicine 9, no. 4 (December 28, 2017): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.5138/09750185.2192.

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<p><em>Lantana rhodesiensis</em> Moldenke, <em>Lippia chevalieri</em> Moldenke, <em>Vitex diversifolia </em>Bak and <em>Vitex doniana </em>Sweet are four species of Verbenaceae family widely used in traditional medicines in Burkina. The aim of this investigation was to study the chromatographic profile of phenols acids and that of the flavonoids as well as the antioxidants activities. Then, three types of extraction were made: acetonic (100%), decoction, ethanol-water(80/20 + 20/80); and fractions of ethanol-water which arehexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), butanol fraction (BF) and aqueous fraction (AqF) of each species. These evaluations were supplemented by the quantification of the metal ions and the characterization by atomic absorption and HPLC-DAD methods of totals phenols acids and totals flavonoids.The whole of these proportioning was directed against the antioxidant activity through the anti-DPPH* (free radical scavenging activity), anti-TAC (total antioxidant capacity) and anti-IRP(iron reducing power).36 flavonoids on 41 were highlighted by the HPLC-DAD method. A derivative glycosylate of quercetin was detected in the <em>V. diversifolia</em> extracts. <em>L. chevalieri</em> presented the strongest value in terms of ions content with a 55.88 g/kg of calcium.In terms of antioxidant activity, <em>L. rhodesiensis</em> and <em>L. chevalieri</em> presented the best activities on total antioxidant activity and anti-DPPH, and iron reducing power respectively.It’s arise that decoction extract have the best’s activities and can justify the traditional uses.</p>

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Aboubakar, Soma, Sanon Souleymane, Gansané Adama, Paul Ouattara Lamoussa, Ouédraogo Noufou, Nikiema Jean-Baptiste, and Bienvenue Sirima Sodiomon. "Antiplasmodial activity of Vernonia cinerea Less (Asteraceae), a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso to treat malaria." African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11, no. 5 (February 8, 2017): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpp2016.4703.

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16

Ilboudo, Denise P., Nicoletta Basilico, Silvia Parapini, Yolanda Corbett, Sarah D’Alessandro, Mario Dell’Agli, Paolo Coghi, et al. "Antiplasmodial and anti-inflammatory activities of Canthium henriquesianum (K. Schum), a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 148, no. 3 (July 2013): 763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.049.

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Omar, Nabil Ben, Hikmate Abriouel, Rosario Lucas, Magdalena Martínez-Cañamero, Jean-Pierre Guyot, and Antonio Gálvez. "Isolation of bacteriocinogenic Lactobacillus plantarum strains from ben saalga, a traditional fermented gruel from Burkina Faso." International Journal of Food Microbiology 112, no. 1 (October 2006): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.06.014.

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18

Traore, Tata Kadiatou, Tibiri Andre, Ouedraogo Noufou, Sombie Nogma Ernest, N’do Jotham Yhi-pene, and Guissou Innocent Pierre. "Ethnopharmacological plants used to treat hepatitis and their anti-oxidant activity of district of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)." International Journal of Pharmacological Research 8, no. 3 (April 5, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijpr.v8i3.4643.

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Background: Plants are frequently used by traditional healer for the care of the hepatic pathologies.Objective: This study is part of the valorization of the hepatoprotective potential of some plants used in traditional medicine for the care of hepatitis in the Hauts-Bassins region of Burkina Faso.Materials and methods: A survey realized in this region allowed retaining 5 species, after the classification according to the frequency of quotation and the bibliographic review, among the 44 species recorded: Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr (Combretaceae), Balanites aegyptiaca Delie. (Balanitaceae), Cassia alata L. (Ceasalpiniaceae), Opilia celtidifolia (Guill. & Perr.) Endl. (Opiliaceae) and Ziziphus mauritiana L. (Rhamnaceae). The content in phenolic compounds of the aqueous extracts of these plants was determined. Their antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods: discoloration of radical cation ABTS and iron reduction (FRAP).Results: Anogeissus leiocarpus and Ziziphu smauritiana gave the strongest antioxidant activities and high phenolic compounds (total phenolics, total flavonoids, total tannins and flavonols). The antioxidant activity (FRAP, ABTS) was associated with the total phenolic content of the extracts expressed in tannic acid equivalent per 100 grams of dry matter with R2 of 0.8148 and 0.7966.Conclusion: The antioxidant activity and the content phenolic compounds observed during this study with Anogeissus leiocarpus and Ziziphus mauritiana indicates that these two plants have a high hépato protective potential which can justify their use by the Traditional healer in the care of hepatitis.

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Adams, Katherine, Winnie Bell, Jérôme Somé, Brooke Colaiezzi, Sarah Wafa, Beatrice Rogers, and Jennifer Coates. "The Cost of Conducting a 24-Hour Dietary Recall Using INDDEX24, a Mobile Dietary Assessment Platform, Compared to Pen-and-Paper in Viet Nam and Burkina Faso." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab045_002.

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Abstract Objectives Dietary data are rarely collected in low- and middle-income countries due to complexity, cost, and time burden. To facilitate the collection and use of individual dietary data, the International Dietary Data Expansion (INDDEX) Project has developed INDDEX24, a novel dietary assessment platform to collect and analyze 24-hr dietary recall (24HR) data. This study assessed the cost and cost-efficiency (cost per respondent) of INDDEX24 compared to the traditional pen-and-paper interview (PAPI) approach to collecting and processing 24HR data. Methods Conducted alongside validation studies of the INDDEX24 platform in Viet Nam and Burkina Faso, we carried out activity-based costing studies to estimate and compare the cost of using INDDEX24 and PAPI to conduct a 24HR survey. We defined and costed a series of activities required to complete data collection and prepare the datasets, including development of dietary reference data, survey preparation, training, survey execution, data entry, and data cleaning and processing. Results In Viet Nam, the total economic cost of the 24HR was $111,004 ($755/respondent, n = 147) using INDDEX24 and $120,483 ($820/respondent, n = 147) using the PAPI modality. In Burkina Faso, the total cost of the 24HR using INDDEX24 was $78,043 ($538/respondent, n = 145) and $78,933 ($541/respondent, n = 146) using PAPI. The higher costs in Viet Nam were primarily driven by the preparation of dietary reference data, which was an extensive and nationally focused effort, whereas in Burkina it was regionally focused and benefited from previous development of relevant dietary data. In both countries, while INDDEX24 had higher costs associated with survey preparation (including purchasing tablets and a CommCare subscription), these costs were more than offset by the higher PAPI costs associated with data entry and data cleaning and processing. Conclusions In two distinct contexts, the cost of conducting a 24HR was lower (Viet Nam) or approximately equivalent (Burkina Faso) using INDDEX24 than using PAPI. As the INDDEX24 dietary reference database is populated with reference data from which future users of INDDEX24 can draw, the cost of using INDDEX24 will likely decline further. Funding Sources The INDDEX Project is implemented by the Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy with funding from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Almamy, Konate, Dubruc Franck, W. Sawadogo Richard, Ferhat Lotfi, Boumedine Norah, Mahiou Valérie, Ollivier Evelyne, I. Guissou Pierre, and Caillard Olivier. "Therapeutic potential of Annona senegalensis Pers (Annonaceae), a plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy in Burkina Faso." African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 15, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpp2020.5203.

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Souleymane, Compaore, Belemnaba Lazare, Koala Moumouni, D. Magnini René, Ouedraogo Noufou, Thiombiano Adjima, and Ouedraogo Sylvin. "Consensus level in the traditional management of diabetes and chemical potentiality of plants from north Sudanese, Burkina Faso." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 14, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jmpr2020.6967.

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Sirignano, Carmina, Pascal Nadembega, Ferruccio Poli, Barbara Romano, Giuseppe Lucariello, Daniela Rigano, and Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati. "Triterpenoids from Vitellaria paradoxa Stem Barks Reduce Nitrite Levels in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages." Plants 10, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10051006.

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Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn is widely used in African traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory remedy to treat rheumatism, gastric problems, diarrhea, and dysentery. The phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of V. paradoxa stem bark collected in Burkina Faso led to the isolation of eight known and two triterpenes undescribed to date (7 and 10), in the free alcohol form or as acetyl and cinnamyl ester derivatives. The stereostructures of the new compounds were elucidated using HR-ESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data. The isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory effect on nitrite levels on murine macrophages J774 stimulated with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among all the compounds tested, lupeol cinnamate (3) and betulinic acid (5) showed a beneficial effect in reducing nitrite levels produced after LPS stimulation.

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Yhi pênê N’do, Jotham, Adama Hilou, Dramane Pare, Samson Guenne, and André Tibiri. "Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosic Characterization of Acanthospermum hispidum (Asteraceae), A Medicinal Plant widely used in Traditional Medicine in the Central West Region (Burkina Faso)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 09 (September 10, 2019): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.809.014.

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Paré Dramane, N’do Jotham Yhi-pênê, and Hilou Adama. "Phytochemical and biological investigation of 5 bioactive fractions of Caralluma acutangula, a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in northern of Burkina Faso." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 081–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.3.0159.

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A. M. Thiombiano, Emmanuel, Mindiédiba Jean Bangou, Yougbaré-Ziébrou Mouhibatou, and Martin Kiendrebeogo. "In Vivo and in Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Extracts of Pandiaka angustifolia (Vahl.) Hepper (Amaranthaceae) Used in Traditional Medicine in Burkina Faso." Academic Journal of Life Sciences, no. 68 (October 7, 2020): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ajls.68.101.107.

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Background: Pandiaka angustifolia Valh Hepper (Amaranthaceae) whole plant is used in folk Burkinabe’s medicine to treat ailments with an inflammatory component. Previous studies revealed the antioxidant capacity, xanthine oxidase, and lipoxygenase inhibitory activities of the plant, but to the best of our knowledge, its anti-inflammatory activities were not reported before. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of P. Angustifolia hexane and aqueous extracts using in vitro enzymatic methods and in vivo methods and verify the best anti-inflammatory extract implication in KATP pathways. Experiments: acute toxicity of the plant was conducted under OECD 423 guidelines. Phospholipase and cyclooxygenases were pro-inflammatory enzymes used to evaluate in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of plant extracts while carrageenan induced edema method was used to evaluate the anti-edematous activity and acetic acid inducing writhing method to evaluate the non-morphine analgesic effect of herbal mixture. ATP sensitive K+ channel assay was performed in vivo using the glibenclamide as ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) blocker. Results: enzymatic inhibition assays revealed that both hexane and aqueous extracts of P. angustifolia were good inhibitors against sPLA2 activity with IC50 values of 14.23 ± 0. 72 µg/mL and 11.56 ± 0.11 µg/mL, respectively. Aqueous extract presented the best inhibition for COX-1 (IC50 = 24.76 ±0. 51 µg/mL) while hexane extract concentration that inhibit 50% of COX-2 was lesser than those of aqueous extract. P. angustifolia aqueous extract orally administrated to NMRI mice caused no death at the dose of 3000 mg/kg b.w indicating that the plant toxicity is low. While hexane extract was unable to reduce Carrageenan-induced edema, ethanolic extract were significantly active when extract was orally administrated. Non-morphine analgesic activity evaluation revealed that ethanolic extract was more efficient on writhing reduction than hexane extract. Nociception effect of the plant is linked with its effects on K+ ATP sensitive channels. Conclusion: Results indicate that the anti-inflammatory potential of P. angustifolia may be due to its polar phytoconstituents and observed pharmacological activities provide the scientific basis for the medicinal use of the plant in the treatment of ailment associated with inflammation.

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Sanon, S., N. Azas, M. Gasquet, E. Ollivier, V. Mahiou, N. Barro, N. Cuzin-Ouattara, et al. "Antiplasmodial activity of alkaloid extracts from Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum) and Acanthospermum hispidum (DC), two plants used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso." Parasitology Research 90, no. 4 (July 1, 2003): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-003-0859-9.

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Sabatier, Valerie, Ignace Medah, Peter Augsdorfer, and Anthony Maduekwe. "Social business model design and implementation in developing countries." Journal of Management Development 36, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-03-2015-0041.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the emergent research on social business models by revealing challenges encountered by the design and implementation of such business models. Design/methodology/approach Case study of the development of FACA, an affordable medicine used to treat sickle cell disease, from traditional medicine to market in Burkina Faso. Findings Social business models present important challenges in terms of value capture for all stakeholders. The social profit equation and the profit equation suggested by Yunus et al. are difficult to apply in practice, and therefore, social business model design should consider the social and profit equations jointly. Originality/value Developing countries are seeking different approaches to innovation and healthcare. Social business models appear as one of the potential solutions to bring value to society, organizations, and individuals. The identification of challenges raised by social business models can help policymakers and executives in the design and implementation of these social business models.

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Wittig, Rüdiger, Theo Dingermann, Robert Sieglstetter, Yingzhong Xie, Adjima Thiombiano, and Karen Hahn. "World-wide every fifth vascular plant species is or was used as medicinal or aromatic plant." Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 16 (December 16, 2016): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/fvss.16.20.

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It is common knowledge that plants have been the world-wide most important source of medicines and that they still play this role in developing countries. However, up to now, complete lists of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) exist for comparatively few countries. A review of all lists know to the authors reveals the following results: A total of 20.7 % of the plant species analyzed by either publications or own research are or were used as MAP. However, regarding single countries, the differences are considerably high. Absolutely leading the list are China (36.2 %), Burkina Faso (35.2 %) and the Korean Republic (34.5 %). Also ahead of other countries or regions are the North of Benin (32.8 %) and the entire Pakistan (30.3 %). Still above average rank Great Britain (26.7 %) and Nepal (23.3 %), while the figures for Bul¬garia (21.0 %), Germany (20.2 %) and France (19.4 %) almost represent the average. Jordan (17.3 %), Vietnam (17.1 %), Sri Lanka (16.6 %), India (16.1 %) and Thailand (15.5 %) rank slightly beneath. Clearly below the average are the percentages of MAP for Hungary (12.2 %) and the USA (11.8 %). The average numbers of MAP in the Philippines (9.5 %) and Malaysia (7.7 %) fall far behind. Calculated on a worldwide scale, every fifth plant can be regarded as MAP. This number matches that from Bulgaria, France and Germany. In northern Benin, Burkina Faso, Korea, China and Pakistan, however, every third plant is or was used as MAP, whereas in Hungary and the USA only every eighth plant can be regarded as MAP. This number drops even further for the Philippines ore Malaysia where only every tenth or thirteenth plant can be attributed to medicinal or aromatic use. These differences might be due to various factors. A geographical component of the results is obvious: in most cases geographically close countries show similar percentages. A correlation between the total number of species and the fraction of those used as MAP cannot be confirmed. The countries with percentage of MAP > 30 % in common show that they belong either entirely (Burkina Faso, Benin) or at least in their rural areas to the poorest countries of the world so that it is (was) impossible for the majority of the people to buy "modern" MAP. In those countries the number of traditional healers outnumbers largely the number of modern doctors. Therefore, the tradition of folk medicine was maintained until today. Additionally, China, Korea and partially Pakistan have a very old and well documented tradition of folk medicine. Due to this documentation even in areas where today "modern MAP" are used, the knowledge was not lost. In neighboring countries or regions, which differ with respect to a more arid or a more humid climate, for the arid country (region) more MAPs are reported than for the humid one. The potential reasons for this phenomenon are discussed in the paper. For many countries the percentage given for MAP in literature is too low. But even these low values represent a striking argument for the importance of a world-wide conservation of biodiversity.

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Boly, Rainatou, Souleymane Compaore, Salfo Ouedraogo, Mohamadi Zeba, D. Rene Magnini, Alimata Bance, Jules Yoda, et al. "Collaboration between practitioners of traditional and conventional medicine: A report of an intervention carried out with traditional women healers in the province of Sanmatenga (Burkina Faso) to improve the obtaining of the license to practice traditional medicine." International NGO Journal 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ingoj2021.0355.

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Montcho, Marthe, Jean-Baptiste Ilboudo, Ephreme Dossavi Dayou, Valerie Bougouma-Yameogo, Chabi Adeyemi Sylvestre Djagoun, Severin Babatounde, and Guy Apollinaire Mensah. "Human Use-Pressure and Sustainable Wildlife Management in Burkina Faso: A Case Study of Bushmeat Hunting in Bobo-Dioulasso." Journal of Sustainable Development 13, no. 3 (May 26, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v13n3p60.

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Hunting is an important activity for the survival of local communities. However, unregulated hunting threatens the sustainability of wildlife and subsequently affects the same populations. This study investigated bushmeat hunting practices and their implications in wildlife sustainable management in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina-Faso). A total of 226 hunters were interviewed, using a random sampling technique and a semi-structured questionnaire. It revealed four groups of hunters. Group 1 (32.57% of the sample) was young and commercial hunters from Bobo ethnic group with 42.15±6.01 as average age. Hunting is their main activity and they hunt all year round in groups using direct catch and hunting dogs. Group 2 (19.76%) prefers to hunt in the daytime and their products serve for diseases treatments through traditional medicine. Group 3 (29.06%) consists of the Mossi ethnic group with an average age of 58.92±3.69. They belong to the confederation of hunters called "Dozo". They are farmers with hunting as the secondary activity. They hunt at night with headlamps. Group 4 (18.60%), mainly Mossi with an average age of 63.06±7.19, hunts occasionally and respects the accredited hunting periods. The animals at the risk and most commonly used as bushmeat are Francolin, Porcupine, Cape hare, Buffalo, Nile monitor, Python, and Parrot. The locally threatened animals are respectively Ostrich, Roan antelope, Bat, Crocodile, and Striped hyena. Other animals are endangered and becoming increasingly rare (Lion, Elephant, Hippopotamus, and Warthog). Actions need to be taken by decision-makers and involve local communities for the sustainable management of wildlife in Bobo-Dioulasso.

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Salfo Ouédraogo, Mathieu Nitiéma, Lazare Belemnaba, Tata Kadiatou Traoré, Bavouma C Sombié, Hermine Zime Diawara, Sylvin Ouédraogo, and Rasmané Semdé. "An overview on Ethnopharmacologicals studies carried out on Lannea microcarpa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae): a medicinal plant used in Burkina Faso for the treatment of hypertension." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 3 (July 16, 2021): 2047–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i3.4812.

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Lannea microcarpa, is one of the species of medicinal plants used in medicine and traditional pharmacopoeia for the treatment of human pathologies in Africa. This review focuses on the ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological previous studies of Lannea microcarpa. Some information on phytochemical makeup and its effects on human health are already documented. However, information concerning its ethnopharmaceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential is scarce and poorly documented. These data were obtained by documentary researches using different scientific sites such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, ResearchGate, PubMed, and SCIENCEDOMAIN, from theses, dissertations and scientific articles. Additional information was obtained from classic books about herbal medicine and others scientific databases. Ethnobotanical surveys carried out have indicated their uses in the management of arterial hypertension. It appears from bibliographic research that Lannea microcarpa has vasorelaxant, hypotensive and antihypertensive effects, etc. Other studies have shown the presence of phytochemicals of interest for the management of high blood pressure. However, their use in traditional forms does not make it possible to guarantee the stability of medicinal preparations. Quality control and standardization studies were carried out in order to define the optimal conditions for guaranteeing effectiveness. This article gives an overview of previous studies carried out on the plant in order to have data for the improvement of its use.

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Ouoba, Labia Irène I., Dennis S. Nielsen, Amarachukwu Anyogu, Christine Kando, Bréhima Diawara, Lene Jespersen, and Jane P. Sutherland. "Hanseniaspora jakobsenii sp. nov., a yeast isolated from Bandji, a traditional palm wine of Borassus akeassii." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_10 (October 1, 2015): 3576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000461.

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Investigation of the microbial diversity of Bandji, a traditional palm wine from Burkina Faso (West Africa) revealed the presence of two yeast isolates (YAV16 and YAV17T) with unusual phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. The isolates divide by bipolar budding with no production of ascospores. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of the 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions indicated that the novel species was most closely related to Kloeckera lindneri and Hanseniaspora valbyensis. The new isolates differed from K. lindneri NRRL Y-17531T and H. valbyensis CBS 479T by substitutions in the D1/D2 region of 12 and 16 nt respectively. The divergence in the ITS region from the closely related species was characterized by substitutions of 45–46 nt. Repetitive palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) profiles of YAV16 and YAV17T were also significantly different from those of K. lindneri MUCL 31146T ( = NRRL Y-17531T), H. valbyensis NCYC 17T ( = CBS 479T) and other species of the genus Hanseniaspora. Based on the results of the phenotypic and genotypic characterizations, it was concluded that the new isolates represent a novel species for which the name Hanseniaspora jakobsenii sp. nov. is proposed with YAV17T ( = CBS 12942T = DSM 26339T = NCYC 3828T; MycoBank number MB 805785) as the type strain.

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Tou, E. H., J. P. Guyot, C. Mouquet-Rivier, I. Rochette, E. Counil, A. S. Traoré, and S. Trèche. "Study through surveys and fermentation kinetics of the traditional processing of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) into ben-saalga, a fermented gruel from Burkina Faso." International Journal of Food Microbiology 106, no. 1 (January 2006): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.05.010.

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Mamadou Sawadogo, Mindiédiba Jean Bangou, Bernice Dakio, Armandine Lema, Hyacinthe M. Thiombiano, Beboila Ouoba, Hermann Yempabou Ouoba, and Georges Anicet Ouedraogo. "Ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants (Carica papaya L. and Agelanthus dodoneifolius (DC.) Polhill & Wiens) used in the treatment of Hepatitis in Burkina Faso, phytochemistry and antioxidant activity." World Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 023–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53346/wjapls.2021.1.1.0019.

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Hepatitis are pathologies of various etiologies affecting millions persons and the management by modern medicines still faces many difficulties. Our study aimed to make a repertory of medicinal plants used in the treatment of hepatitis in the Urbans areas of Bobo-Dioulasso, Dédougou and Fada N'Gourma followed by the phytochemical quantification and antioxidant activity of the most cited ones. We conducted an ethnobotanical survey among traditional Heath practitioners in the three studied locations to achieve this objective. Methanolic extracts of the plant organs were obtained using an extractor apparatus. Polyphenolic compounds contents quantification was done by spectrophotometry using Follin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum trichloride. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by three methods (ABTS●+, DPPH●, FRAP) and the reading of optical densities was performed with the spectrophotometer. A total of, 101 traditional healers were interviewed and 52 species were inventoried as being used in hepatitis care in the three localities. Among the species regularly cited in the different localities were Carica papaya (8%) and Agelanthus dodoneifolius (13%), and these two species were selected for the further investigation. Among the parts of plants most used there are roots (45%). Phytochemical investigations of C. papaya and A. dodoneifolius revealed that the best polyphenolic compound content was obtained by the unripe seeds of C. papaya with respectively 14.06±0.68 mg EAG and 4.37±0.57 mg EQ for 100 mg of extract. A. dodoneifolius extract was given the best antioxidant activity on ABTS●+ radical inhibition method with 9279.19±416.37 µmol EAA/g. All these activities could partially justify the use of screened species in the traditional treatment of hepatitis.

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Bonkian, Léa Nadège, R. Serge Yerbanga, Benjamin Koama, Aboubakar Soma, Mamoudou Cisse, Innocent Valea, Halidou Tinto, Jean Bosco Ouedraogo, T. Robert Guigemde, and Maminata Traore/Coulibaly. "In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Two Sahelian Plant Extracts on Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infected NMRI Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6859632.

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Up to now, the control of malaria remains a challenge. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for uncomplicated malaria treatment. Despite this guideline, many people in Burkina Faso use herbal medicine as primary treatment against malaria. The aim of this study was to assess the in vivo activity of Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel and Bauhinia rufescens Lam. leaves extracts against Plasmodium berghei ANKA. A four-day treatment of leaves decoction of each plant was administrated orally to 7 groups of six NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain. The control group received distilled water as treatment while the treated groups each received daily 100, 250, and 500 mg extract/kg body weight. Thin blood smears were performed on day five and the percentage of reduction of parasitaemia was determined compared to the control. The percentages of reduction of the parasitaemia at the doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg extract/kg body weight were, respectively, 57.5%, 35.9%, and 44.9% for Guiera senegalensis and 50.6%, 22.2%, and 25.7% for Bauhinia rufescens. Our findings on antiplasmodial activity of these two plants justify the traditional use by local populations against malaria. Thus, the isolation of the active compounds from these two plants is suggested for possible antimalarial candidate drugs.

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Da, F. L., A. B. Keugni, G. R. Belemtougri, T. L. A. Fotio, and T. Dimo. "ACUTE AND SUBACUTE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF DICHLOROMETHANE EXTRACT OF CASSIA ALATA (LINN.) LEAVES IN WISTAR RATS." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative medicines 15, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.vi15.1.18.

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Background: In Burkina Faso, leaves of Cassia alata are used in the treatment of several diseases, including inflammation. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the dichloromethane extract of Cassia alata leaves (CF-AECal) on different models of inflammation in wistar rats in order to enhance its use in traditional medicine. Materials and Methods: Acute inflammation was induced among rats with 0.1 ml of carrageenan, serotonin, histamine and dextrane 1%. The effects of the CF-AECal 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg were compared to the effects of diclofenal 5 mg/kg, prednisone 5 mg/kg, promethazine 1 mg/kg, cyproheptadin 2 mg/kg. Cotton pellet and air pouch - induced granuloma permitted to study CF-AECal effects on the subacute inflammation. The ways of administrations were intra peritoneal for the substances of inductions and oral for the molecules of references and CF-AECal. Result: Carrageenan-induced paw edema has been inhibited to 52.39% by CF-AECal 50 mg/kg and 50.17% by CF-AECal 100 mg/kg. Wet granulomas formation has been inhibited by CF-AECal 50 and 100 mg/kg to 20.94 and 57.82%. The dry granulomas were inhibited at 24.32 and 59.04% by CF-AECal 50 and 100 mg/kg. Air pouch fluid was significantly reduced by CF-AECal in comparison to the control group. There was a massive recruitment of leukocytes in the pocket granuloma of the control group. CF-AECal caused strong inhibition of this infiltration of leukocytes (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Dichloromethane extract of Cassia alata showed anti-inflammatory effects.

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Matanda, Dennis Juma, Pooja Sripad, and Charity Ndwiga. "Is there a relationship between female genital mutilation/cutting and fistula? A statistical analysis using cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 10 sub-Saharan Africa countries." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e025355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025355.

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ObjectivesLiterature on associations between female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and fistula points to a common belief that FGM/C predisposes women to developing fistula. This study explores this association using nationally representative survey data.DesignA secondary statistical analysis of cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys was conducted to explore the association between FGM/C and fistula.SettingSub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years in Burkina Faso (n=17 087), Chad (n=17 719), Côte d’Ivoire (n=10 060), Ethiopia (n=14 070), Guinea (n=9142), Kenya (n=31 079), Mali (n=10 424), Nigeria (n=33 385), Senegal (n=15 688) and Sierra Leone (n=16 658).Main outcome measuresFistula symptoms.ResultsMultivariate logit modelling using pooled data from 10 countries showed that the odds of reporting fistula symptoms were 1.5 times (CI 1.06 to 2.21) higher for women whose genitals were cut and sewn closed than those who had undergone other types of FGM/C. Women who attended antenatal care (ANC) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.51, CI 0.36 to 0.71) and those who lived in urban areas (AOR 0.62, CI 0.44 to 0.89) were less likely to report fistula symptoms than those who did not attend ANC or lived in rural areas.ConclusionsSevere forms of FGM/C (infibulation) may predispose women to fistula. Contextual and socioeconomic factors may increase the likelihood of fistula. Multisectoral interventions that concurrently address harmful traditional practices such as FGM/C and other contextual factors that drive the occurrence of fistula are warranted. Promotion of ANC utilisation could be a starting point in the prevention of fistulas.

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Ouedraogo, Salfo, Sidiki Traoré, Jean Claude W. Ouédraogo, Moumouni Koala, Lazare Belemnaba, Noufou Ouédraogo, Felix Kini, Sylvin Ouédraogo, and Innocent Pierre Guissou. "Quality control and standardization of FACA® syrup." International Journal of Drug Delivery 9, no. 4 (January 23, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5138/09750215.2166.

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<p>Sickle cell disease is a major public health problem. It is the first genetic disease in the world. FACA syrup offers an alternative treatment. It is a dry powder preparation of two components, the roots barks of <em>Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides</em> Lam. (Rutaceae) Zepernick, Timler and <em>Calotropis procera</em>. Ait. R.B.r. (Asclepiadaceae). The product was developed at Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS) from a traditional recipe used in Burkina Faso for treatment of sickle cell crises. This study aimed to establish physical-chemical, pharmaco technical and microbiological control parameters essential for the standardization of the phytomedicine. This valuation concerned specifications of moisture content, pH, the fingerprint by thin layer chromatography, pesticide residues, heavy metal content, microbial quality, and total ash. These charcteristics were determined by the methods prescribed by the World Health Organization (1998) and the European Pharmacopoeia 6th edition. The results have shown that dry syrups and reconstituted syrups were sweet, slightly spicy with a bitter after taste, a white room color and a faint odor. The density at the preparation was 0.985 and the pH was 5.93. After 2 months of storage in the laboratory, the organoleptic parameters of the reconstituted syrups have not changed. They were mold free, the density remained around 1 and the pH between 5 and 4. These parameters have shown that the quality of plants powders and these medicine comply with the recommendations of the European pharmacopoeia. Faca syrup may contribute to the better management of sickle cell disease in children.</p>

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Boly, Rainatou, Zakaline Yabre, Mathieu Nitiema, Boubacar Yaro, Jules Yoda, Lazare Belemnaba, Sylvain Ilboudo, Noëla Hoho Estelle Youl, Innocent Pierre Guissou, and Sylvin Ouedraogo. "Pharmacological Evaluation of the Bronchorelaxant Effect of Waltheria indica L. (Malvaceae) Extracts on Rat Trachea." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (April 26, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5535727.

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Waltheria indica L. (Malvaceae) is a plant used in Burkina Faso for the treatment of various ailments including asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharmacological relaxant effect of the leafy stem extracts of Waltheria indica and thereby verify claim of use in treating asthma. Aqueous decoction and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from the powdered leafy stems were screened for the presence of some phytoconstituents. The in vitro relaxant effect of the two extracts was evaluated on acetylcholine- (ACh 10−5 M) and potassium chloride- (KCl 6 × 10−2 M) induced contractions on rat-isolated tracheal preparations. To examine whether the potassium (K+) channels are involved in the relaxant effect, glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor, was used. Moreover, to assess the safety of the extracts, acute oral toxicity was carried out on mice. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, and coumarins in the hydroalcoholic extract. Tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, and coumarins were not detected in the aqueous decoction. With respective EC50 values of 1.517 ± 0.002 mg/mL and 1.433 ± 0.001 mg/mL on ACh-and KCl-provoked contractions, the hydroalcoholic extract was found more potent in relaxing the isolated rat tracheal preparations compared to the aqueous decoction. In the presence of glibenclamide, the relaxant effect of the hydroalcoholic extract (EC50 = 0.191 ± 0.002 mg/mL) increased and was higher than that of the aqueous decoction. At dose of 5000 mg/kg of body weight, the extracts did not produce deaths or any significant changes in the general behavior of mice. The results suggest that different mechanisms including modulation of calcium and potassium channels, particularly the ATP-sensitive K+ channels, could be involved in the relaxation effect. These findings could justify the traditional use of W. indica in the management of asthma.

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Konaté, Kiessoun, Abdoudramane Sanou, Raïssa R. R. Aworet-Samseny, Fatiha Benkhalti, Oksana Sytar, Marian Brestic, Alain Souza, and Mamoudou Hama Dicko. "Safety Profile, In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity, and In Vivo Antiulcerogenic Potential of Root Barks from Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (September 6, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4441375.

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Annona senegalensis (Annonaceae) is a tropical shrub widely distributed in Burkina Faso. This plant is traditionally used as a medicine against many pathologies including typhoid fever, gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, and inflammatory and infectious diseases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiulcer properties of Annona senegalensis root bark extracts. Therefore, toxicity tests were first performed, followed by other biological tests. For this purpose, we first undertook to evaluate the toxicity tests before considering the other biological tests in a second step. The results showed that the extracted fractions had a significant effect for the different methods used (protein denaturation inhibition activity, hyaluronidase inhibition activity, and xanthine oxidase inhibition activity). However, of the extracted fractions used, the ethyl acetate fraction was the most anti-inflammatory fraction. The antiulcer activity was evaluated using the best bioactive fraction. The antiulcer effect of the ethyl acetate fraction may be due to both the reduction of gastric acid secretion and gastric cytoprotection. The results of this study also showed that the bioactive fraction reduced ethanol-induced ulceration and pyloric ligation in a dose-dependent manner, and at the highest dose (200 mg/kg), the effect was similar to that of the reference drug. In summary, the ethyl acetate fraction was found to have the best anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic activities. The ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 200 mg/kg also showed a rather interesting level of cytoprotection. The anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activities could be due to the different secondary metabolites contained in the fractions extracted from Annona senegalensis, notably flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. As the mechanisms of action are still little or not understood, we will consider in the future identifying the phytoconstituents and the mechanisms of action involved in the results.

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Belemnaba, Lazare, Sylvin Ouédraogo, Mathieu Nitiéma, Thierry Chataigneau, Innocent Pierre Guissou, Valérie B. Schini-Kerth, Bernard Bucher, and Cyril Auger. "An aqueous extract of the Anogeissus leiocarpus bark (AEAL) induces the endothelium-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary artery rings involving predominantly nitric oxide." Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology 29, no. 6 (November 27, 2018): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0084.

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Abstract Background: Anogeissus leiocarpus is a Sahel tree traditionally used by the residents of Burkina Faso for its antihypertensive properties. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate whether an aqueous extract of the Anogeissus leiocarpus (AEAL) trunk bark induces a vasorelaxant effect on porcine coronary artery rings and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods: AEAL-induced relaxations were assessed using porcine coronary artery rings suspended in organ chambers. The phosphorylation levels of Src, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were assessed in a primary endothelial cell culture by Western blot. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was assessed using dihydroethidine. Results: In porcine coronary artery rings, AEAL at 0.1–300 μg/mL induced endothelium-dependent relaxations, which were inhibited in the presence of inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) and the endothelium-derived hyperpolarization pathways. Moreover, the AEAL-induced NO-mediated relaxations were significantly reduced by the inhibitors of Src and PI3-kinase as well as by the membrane-permeant ROS scavengers. In cultured porcine coronary artery endothelial cells, treatment with AEAL is associated with an intracellular generation of ROS. Moreover, the AEAL induced the phosphorylations of Akt (Ser473), eNOS (Ser1177) and a transient phosphorylation of Src (Ser17) in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: These findings indicate that AEAL is a potent inducer of endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxations in porcine coronary arteries through the redox-sensitive Src/PI3-kinase/Akt pathway-dependent activation of eNOS.

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Paul, Schweitzer, Nombré Issa, Aidoo Kwamé, and Boussim I. Joseph. "Plants used in traditional beekeeping in Burkina Faso." Open Journal of Ecology 03, no. 05 (2013): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.35040.

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Regine, Tchientche Kamga, Some Salibo, Tenkouano Abdou, Balma Issaka Yakubu, and Ndoye Ousmane. "Assessment of traditional African vegetable production in Burkina Faso." Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development 8, no. 8 (August 31, 2016): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jaerd2016.0788.

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Yamamoto, Shelby, Ali Sié, and Rainer Sauerborn. "Cooking in Burkina Faso: Traditional Fuels Versus Cleaner Alternatives." Epidemiology 22 (January 2011): S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000391728.40779.19.

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Carbonell, Nicolas, Dr Théophile Bindeouè Nassè, Prof Alidou Ouédraogo, Dr Bagassé Hervé Kafimbou, Justice Agyei Ampofo, and Moussa Kinda. "RECRUITMENT METHODS AND PERFORMANCE: AN EVIDENCE FROM BUSINESSES IN BURKINA FASO." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 2, no. 4 (September 3, 2020): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v2i4.163.

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Starting from the premise that human resources are a critical success factor for companies, this article analyses the logic of recruitment preferences in Burkina Faso. The explanatory variables are the industrial sector and the level of billing. The main findings are that the more traditional forms of recruitment of personnel are dominant in Burkina Faso, in particular in agribusiness and commerce, and in the small business segments. In addition, the results put in light that the most modern forms are preferred in the Construction sector or in large companies. It is found that, a greater technical complexity of the job leads to a greater need to imitate the criteria of the developed world, and that a lower technical complexity implies a greater importance of the worker's morality.Keywords: Recruitment, African Traditional Methods, Modern Methods, Companies, Competitivity, Burkina Faso.

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Monjour, Loïc, Gilles de Lorenzi, Christine Volta, Ioannis Vouldoukis, and Dominique Frommel. "Leishmaniasis in Burkina Faso." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81, no. 5 (September 1987): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(87)90015-0.

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Savadogo, Aly, C. A. T. Ouattara ., P. W. Savadogo ., A. S. Ouattara ., N. Barro ., and A. S. Traore . "Microorganisms Involved in Fulani Traditional Fermented Milk in Burkina Faso." Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 3, no. 2 (February 15, 2004): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2004.134.139.

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Pale, Sié, and Dapola Evariste Constant DA. "Traditional Lowlands Water Management in Dano, South-Western Burkina Faso." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 08, no. 04 (2016): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2016.84035.

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Engels, Bettina. "Trade Unionism in Burkina Faso." Revue Tiers Monde 224, no. 4 (2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rtm.224.0067.

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Lidón de Miguel, María, Fernando Vegas, Camilla Mileto, and Lidia García-Soriano. "Return to the Native Earth: Historical Analysis of Foreign Influences on Traditional Architecture in Burkina Faso." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020757.

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Learning from the sustainability of traditional architecture, as a solution to the current ecological crisis, seems more challenging in societies where a cultural imposition has occurred. In Burkina Faso, vernacular architecture has experienced a process of transformation, still in course, relying heavily on foreign resources and losing its adaptation to environmental conditions. As in other contexts, the dynamics of transformation are being examined. Joining this line of work, this research aims to explain the causes of the current local perception of traditional building techniques in Burkina Faso in order to consider how a sustainable development of its architecture would be possible. To this end, a historical analysis is conducted by reviewing the literature, consulting historical documents and collecting data during two stays in 2018. The study shows how earth has ceased to be appreciated by progressively becoming associated with “non-definitive constructions”; this perception is due to the narratives put forward by foreign agents since the end of the 19th century. The sustainable development of architecture in Burkina Faso seems to demand a return to the use of earth, local resource par excellence, but this will only be possible if the devaluation of this building material is reversed.

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