Journal articles: 'Traditional medicine – Ethiopia'

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Burtea, Bogdan. "Traditional Medicine and Magic According to Some Ethiopian Manuscripts from European Collections." Aethiopica 18 (July 7, 2016): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.18.1.924.

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The present paper is dealing exclusively with medico-magical texts and traditions from a Christian Ethiopian environment. The handbooks and collections of various traditional healers in Ethiopia have played a significant role in the chain of transmission of medical and magical knowledge. This paper will focus on the structure and composition strategy exemplified by four Ethiopian manuscripts (MS Or. 11390 from the British Library, MS Éthiopien 402, 402 and 648 from the Bibliothèque nationale Paris). The analysis shows how the specialist knowledge was transmitted, preserved and reused. Moreover, it sheds some light on the protagonists of this transfer.

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Munaw, Minychil Bantihun, Natnael Lakachew Assefa, Dereje Hayilu Anbesse, and Mebratu Mulusew Tegegne. "Practice and Associated Factors among Adult Residents towards Traditional Eye Medicine in Gondar City, North West Ethiopia." Advances in Public Health 2020 (February 17, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3548204.

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Traditional medicines are commonly used in Africa. About 13.2–82.3% of the population use traditional eye medicine. The aim of this study was to assess practice and associated factors among adult residents towards traditional eye medicine in Gondar city, North West Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 participants by using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 computer software. Association and strength between dependent and independent variables were determined using odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results. A total of 600 respondents participated in the study with a 95 % response rate. From the total study participants, 73 (12.2%) (95% CI: 10–15%) had used traditional eye medicine in the past two years. Variables such as being unmarried (AOR = 0.48 (95% CI: 0.17–0.83)), being illiterate (AOR = 5.40 (95% CI: 5.3–12.3)), living in traditional healers available area (AOR = 2.84 (95% CI: 1.44–7.56)), poor access to modern eye care services (AOR = 2.11 (95% CI: 1.06–4.19)), and positive family history of traditional eye medicine use (AOR = 4.00 (95% CI: 1.84–8.67)) were significantly associated with traditional eye medicine practice. Conclusion. The proportion of traditional eye medicine practice was low in the past two years in Gondar city, Ethiopia, as compared to most African and Asian studies like south East Nigeria and Nepal, respectively. This may be due to the presence of tertiary eye care centers in the city that lets the residents prefer modern eye medicines over traditional eye medicines. Positive family history of traditional eye medicine use, being unmarried, being illiterate, poor access to modern eye care service, and availability of traditional healers had a significant association with the practice of traditional eye medicine. Community awareness about traditional eye medicine use is important to reduce the risk of complications even if the proportion is low.

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Munaw, Minychil Bantihun, Dereje Hayilu Anbesse, and Natnael Lakachew Assefa. "Attitude and its Associated Factors among Adults towards Traditional Eye Medicine in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study." International Journal of Public Health Research 11, no. 02 (September 1, 2021): 1425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/ijphr.1102.2021.10.

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Abstract Background: Traditional medicines are commonly practiced in Africa. It is believed to be alternative health care used in the developing world. It is a more widely available and affordable alternative to pharmaceutical drugs. In Africa, about 13.2- 82.3% of the population utilizes traditional eye medicine. This study aimed to assess attitude and its associated factors among adults towards traditional eye medicine in Gondar city, North West Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 study participants using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 computer software. Association and strength between the outcome variable and independent variables were determined using the odds ratio with a 95 % confidence interval. Results: A total of 633 subjects were included in the study with a 95 % response rate. From the total study subjects, 292 (48.7 %) (95% CI: 44.7-52.7%)) had a good attitude towards traditional eye medicine use. Variables like being male (AOR=2.00(95% CI: 1.23-2.68)), family history of traditional eye medicine use (AOR=3.31(95% CI: 2.01-5.47)), availability of traditional healer (AOR=1.81(95% CI: 1.12-2.95)) and absence of health insurance (AOR=1.63(95% CI: 1.14-2.55)) were variables significantly associated with good attitude towards traditional eye medicine use. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that attitude towards traditional eye medicine use for the treatment of eye disease was fairly good. It indicates that almost half of the study participants had a good attitude towards traditional eye medicine use. Even though the attitude is fairly good, still it needs improvement. Male sex, family history of traditional eye medicine use, availability of traditional healers, and absence of health insurance had a statistically significant relationship with good attitude towards traditional eye medicine use. Community awareness creation through the joint up effort by the health ministry of Ethiopia and traditional healers about traditional eye medicine use can help to build the right perception and reduce the risk of complications. Keywords: Attitude, Traditional Eye Medicine, Gondar City, Ethiopia

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Teshome-Bahiru, Wondwosen. "Impacts of Urbanisation on the Traditional Medicine of Ethiopia." Anthropologist 8, no. 1 (January 2006): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2006.11890933.

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Asrat, Damtew, Atsede Alle, Bekalu Kebede, and Bekalu Dessie. "Factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212097800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120978008.

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Background: Over the last 100 years, the development and mass production of chemically synthesized drugs have revolutionized health care in most parts of the world. However, large sections of the population in developing countries still depend on traditional medicines for their primary health care needs. More than 88% of Ethiopian parents use different forms of traditional medicine for their children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2019 in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Data collection tool was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Odds ratio and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to measure the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: Among 858 participants, 71% of parents had used traditional medicine for their children within the last 12 months. Parents who cannot read and write (adjusted odds ratio = 6.42, 95% confidence interval = 2.1–19.7), parents with low monthly income (adjusted odds ratio = 4.38, 95% confidence interval = 1.58–12.1), and those who had accesses to traditional medicine (adjusted odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–3.98) were more likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Urban residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.11–0.38) and members of community-based health insurance (adjusted odds ratio = 0.421, 95% confidence interval = 0.211–0.84) were less likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Conclusions: Our study revealed that the prevalence of traditional medicine remains high. Educational status, monthly income, residence, accessibility to traditional medicine, and being a member of community-based health insurance were predictors of potential traditional medicine use. Therefore, the integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine should be strengthened. Community education and further study on efficacy and safety of traditional medicines should be also given great attention.

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Oyda, Semayat. "REVIEW ON TRADITIONAL ETHNO-VETERINARY MEDICINE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN ETHIOPIA: PRACTICE AND APPLICATION SYSTEM." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 8 (August 31, 2017): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i8.2017.2193.

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The objective of the review paper was to highlight indigenous practice to traditional veterinary medicine and medicinal plants used by indigenous people. Traditional medicine has been defined as the sum total of all knowledge and practices whether explicable or not, used in the diagnosis, prevention and elimination of physicals, mental or social imbalances which passes from generation to generation, whether verbally or in writing. The application of traditional medicine to veterinary medicine has been termed as ethnoveterinary medicine. In Ethiopia up to 80% of the population uses traditional medicine due to the cultural acceptability of healers and local pharmacopeias, the relatively low cost of traditional medicine and difficult access to modern health facilities. Some of medicinal plants were Monopsis Sellariodes, solanium anguivi Lam, Vigina spp, Nicotiana tabacum L, Argemone Mexicana L, and Platostoma Rotundifolium etc. and they useful for different diseases. Traditional practitioners include bone setters, birth attendants, tooth extractors, (called yetirs awolaki, 'Wogesha' and yelimd awalaj' respectively in Amharic) herbalists, as well as 'debtera', 'tenquay' (witch doctors), and spiritual healers such as 'weqaby' and 'kalicha'. Healing in Ethiopian traditional medicine is not only concerned with curing of diseases but also with the protection and promotion of human physical, spiritual, social, mental and material wellbeing. Drugs were administered using different routes, the main ones being, topical, oral and respiratory and are stored usually in containers such as bottles, papers, pieces of cloth, leaves and horns, and were kept anywhere at home.

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Aerts, Raf, Eva J. J. November, and Maissa Rayyan. "Improvised Hand Injury Treatment Using Traditional Veterinary Medicine in Ethiopia." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 28, no. 4 (December 2017): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wem.2017.06.012.

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Bussa, Negussie F., and Adugna S. Gemeda. "Assessment of Traditional Medicine Utilization in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 4, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2018.4404.

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Wassie, Samuel Masresha, Leul Lisanework Aragie, Belaynew Wasie Taye, and Laychiluh Bantie Mekonnen. "Knowledge, Attitude, and Utilization of Traditional Medicine among the Communities of Merawi Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/138073.

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Background. In Ethiopia, up to 80% of the population use traditional medicine for primary health care. Studies on the current knowledge and practices of communities in the era of modern health care expansion are lacking. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of traditional medicine among communities in Merawi town.Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 403 residents of Merawi town. A systematic random sampling was used to select households. Data was collected through house to house interview.Results. 392 out of 403 questionnaires were analysed. Among the participants, 220 (56.1%) were female. The mean (±s.d.) age of the participants was 32.5 (±12.4) years. Nearly two-thirds, 241 (61.5%), of study participants have good knowledge about traditional medicines. Three-quarters of participants prefer modern medicine to traditional drugs. 70.9% of participants had the experience of personal use of traditional therapies.Conclusions. The population in Merawi has good knowledge with high acceptability and use of traditional medicine. The main reasons for high acceptability and practice were cultural acceptability, lesser cost, and good outcome of traditional medicine.

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Tegen, Dires, Kindalem Dessie, and Destaw Damtie. "Candidate Anti-COVID-19 Medicinal Plants from Ethiopia: A Review of Plants Traditionally Used to Treat Viral Diseases." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (June 4, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6622410.

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Background. Emerging viral infections are among the major global public health concerns. The pandemic COVID-19 is a contagious respiratory and vascular disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are no medicines that can treat SARS-CoV-2 except the vaccines. Therefore, searching for plant-originated therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19 is required. Consequently, reviewing medicinal plants used to treat different viral infections is mandatory. This review article aims to review the ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants traditionally used to treat different viral diseases by the Ethiopian people and suggests those plants as candidates to fight COVID-19. Methods. Articles written in English were searched from online public databases using searching terms like “Traditional Medicine,” “Ethnobotanical study,” “Active components,” “Antiviral activities,” and “Ethiopia.” Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using the Excel statistical software program. Result. From the 46 articles reviewed, a total of 111 plant species were claimed to treat viral infections. Fifty-six (50.4%) of the plant species had reported to have antiviral active components that are promising to treat COVID-19. Lycorine, gingerol shogaol, resveratrol, rhoifolin, oleanolic acid, kaempferol, rosmarinic acid, almond oil, ursolic acid, hederagenin, nigellidine, α-hederin, apigenin, nobiletin, tangeretin, chalcone, hesperidin, epigallocatechin gallate, allicin, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, aloenin, artemisinin, glucobrassicin, curcumin, piperine, flavonoids, anthraquinone, hydroxychloroquine, and jensenone were some of them. Conclusion. The Ethiopian traditional knowledge applies a lot of medicinal plants to treat different viral infections. Reports of the chemical components of many of them confirm that they can be promising to fight COVID-19.

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Gedif, Teferi, and Hahn Heinz-Jürgen. "Treatment of Malaria in Ethiopian Folk Medicine." Tropical Doctor 32, no. 4 (October 2002): 206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947550203200408.

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Key informant interviews of herbalists were conducted to document the traditional management of malaria in Ethiopia. The perceptions of the cause and symptoms of malaria, the use of plants, their preparation and administration were recorded. Interviews were performed in rural Butajira and Addis Ababa (the main city). The result showed that 33 (75%) of the interviewed healers treat malaria using herbal drugs. Sixteen plants were reported to have been used of which eight were used as a single remedy and the rest as composite remedies with other plants. The ethnopharmacological data generated in this study on antimalarial plants is useful for further evaluations of the traditional claims of antimalarial plants in Ethiopia.

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Chali, Belachew Umeta, Abush Hasho, and Nimona Berhanu Koricha. "Preference and Practice of Traditional Medicine and Associated Factors in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (May 29, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9962892.

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Background. Traditional medicine is the sum total of knowledge, talents, and practices that are used to uphold health, as well as to avert, identify, improve, or treat illnesses. Sociodemographic/economic characteristics, culture, and environment can influence the preference and practice of traditional medicine. Objective. To assess the preference and practices of traditional medicine and associated factors. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 271 residents of Jimma town. The data were collected by interviewing selected households. The households were selected by a simple random sampling technique. The data were analysed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were used for organizing, describing, and summarizing the data. Chi-square (X2) test was used to identify factors associated with the preference and practice of traditional medicine. Results. More than half (221(81.5%)) of the participants practiced traditional medicine. Religion (X2 = 17.18; p = 0.001 ), marital status (X2 = 15.42; p = 0.001 ), occupation (X2 = 19.74; p = 0.001 ), and educational level (X2 = 28.39; p ≤ 0.001 ) were the sociodemographic factors determining the use of traditional medicine. However, 25 (9.2%) of the participants preferred to use traditional medicine. Affordability (25 (100%)), religious affiliation (21 (84%)), and distance from home (20 (80%)) were some reasons for preference. Educational level (X2 = 15.56; p = 0.04 ), marital status (X2 = 12.39; p = 0.04 ), and occupation (X2 = 15.61; p = 0.003 ) were the factors affecting their preference for traditional medicine. Conclusion. A majority of the participants practiced traditional medicine use. Religion, marital status, occupation, and educational level were factors affecting the practice of the participants. More than half of the participants did not prefer to use traditional medicine. Affordability, religious affiliation, and distance from home were some reasons for preferring traditional medicine.

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Suleman, Sultan, Takele Beyene Tufa, Dereje Kebebe, Sileshi Belew, Yimer Mekonnen, Fanta Gashe, Seid Mussa, Evelien Wynendaele, Luc Duchateau, and Bart De Spiegeleer. "Treatment of malaria and related symptoms using traditional herbal medicine in Ethiopia." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 213 (March 2018): 262–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.034.

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Bishaw, Makonnen. "Promoting traditional medicine in Ethiopia: A brief historical review of government policy." Social Science & Medicine 33, no. 2 (January 1991): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(91)90180-k.

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Aragaw, Tezera Jemere, Dessie Tegegne Afework, and Kefyalew Ayalew Getahun. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Utilization of Traditional Medicine among the Communities of Debre Tabor Town, Amhara Regional State, North Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (March 10, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6565131.

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Background. Traditional medicine is used by about 80% of the Ethiopian people to meet their healthcare needs. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the community on traditional medicine in Debre Tabor town. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from November 1, 2018, to December 30, 2018, with a face-to-face interview method and involved 402 participants recruited by systematic random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The association of independent and dependent variables was determined by binary logistic regression. Results. Among the participants, 294 (73.13%) were females and 108 (26.87%) were males. The ages of participants ranged from 18 to 80 (mean age of the participants was 35.73 ± 0.59 years). Above three-fourths, 322 (80.1%) of the participants had good knowledge. 158 (39.3%) of the participants had a good attitude and 145 (36.1%) of the participants used traditional medicines in their lifetime for different ailments. From all the participants who use traditional medicine, 41 (28.3%) encountered minor adverse effects. Conclusions. The study participants in Debre Tabor have good knowledge but poor attitude and utilization of traditional medicine.

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Abera, Balcha. "Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by Oromo people, Ghimbi District, Southwest Ethiopia." Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 10, no. 1 (2014): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-40.

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Bilal, Arebu Issa, Bruck Messele, Dawit Teshome, Zelalem Tilahun, and Teferi Gedif Fenta. "Concomitant use of medicinal plants with antiretroviral drugs among HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study." Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Journal 35, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/epj.v35i1.6.

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In spite of an increase in the health service coverage of the country, studies reported that significant proportion of the Ethiopian population still relies on traditional medicine, particularly on the herbal aspect, for their healthcare. The aim of the present study was to determine the extent of the concomitant use of herbal medicines with modern antiretroviral medicines and identify the commonly used herbs among patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June, 2017 among HIV/AIDS patients in five hospitals selected from four regions and one city Administration (Addis Ababa). A total of 768 HIV/AIDS patients were successfully interviewed and included in the analysis. Most 480 (62.5%) of them were on tenofovir-disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus lamivudine (3TC)and efavirenz (EFV) regimen. Two hundred nineteen (28.5%) patients reported that they had used herbal medicines to treat their illness; of these 145 (66.2%) used herbal products along with modern medicine. Of those who reported to have used herbal medicine with modern medicine, 53 (40.8%) claimed that they took the herbal medicines for the treatment of HIV/AIDS, while 51(39.2%) used for treating co-morbid diseases. Only 33 (15.0%) of those who used herbal medicines along with modern drugs discussed the issue either with their physicians or pharmacists. A total of 31 plant species were reported to be used for the treatment as well as alleviation of symptoms associated with the disease. The most commonly cited herbal medicines that have been used by HIV/AIDS patients to treat their comorbid diseases were Moringa stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufod. (Moringaceae) (35.6%) followed by Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. (Lamiaceae) (18.0%), Zheneria scabra Sond. (Cucurbitaceae) (7.2%), Allium sativum L. (Alliaceae) (5.7%), and Ruta chalapensis L. (Rutaceae) (5.7%). The study revealed that close to one-third of HIV/AIDS patients interviewed reported use of herbal medicine and almost two-thirds of them did so concomitantly with modern medicine. Only small percentage of the patients who used herbal medicines along with modern drugs disclose the use either to their treating physicians or to counselling pharmacists. Practitioners involved in antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics, therefore, need to inquire information related to the use of herbal medicines and accordingly advise the patients. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, medicinal plant, cross-sectional study, concomitant use, Ethiopia

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Kortmann, Frank. "Popular, Traditional, and Professional Mental Health Care in Ethiopia." Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 24, no. 4 (December 1987): 255–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346158702400401.

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Ali, Mohammed Hassen. "Shaykh Bakrii Saphalo." American Journal of Islam and Society 31, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 93–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v31i3.286.

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Shaykh Bakrii Saphalo was a perceptive Oromo Muslim scholar who used traditional Oromo wisdom to make Islam intelligible to his people and part of their cultural heritage. A gifted poet who wrote in Arabic, Oromo, and Somali, he was persecuted by two successive Ethiopian regimes during the 1960s and 1970s. As an activist scholar, he sought to spread knowledge among the Oromo, who constitute about 40 percent of Ethiopia’s population. Due to the government’s tight control and distance, as well as the lack of modern communication and technology, his effort was limited mainly to the Oromo in Hararghe, eastern Ethiopia. For over six decades Shaykh Bakrii sought to uplift his people and secure respect for their language, culture, human dignity, and national identity. 1 Motivated by his desire to develop the Oromo language, which at that time was banned, he struggled to develop written literature in it. But despite all of these accomplishments, he has been largely forgotten.

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Wabe, Nasir, Mohammed Mohammed, and Nandikola Raju. "An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in the Southeast Ethiopia used in traditional medicine." Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery 1, no. 3 (2011): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/spatula.20110921101924.

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Meshesha, Solomon Getnet, Mariamawit Yonathan Yeshak, Gebremedhin Beedemariam Gebretekle, Zelalem Tilahun, and Teferi Gedif Fenta. "Concomitant Use of Herbal and Conventional Medicines among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (June 16, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4871459.

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Introduction. The majority of the population in developing countries including Ethiopia still relies on traditional medicines (TMs). Patients with chronic illness like diabetes mellitus (DM) are dissatisfied with conventional medicines and thus are more likely to simultaneously use herbal medicines (HMs). However, such practice could result in potential herb-drug interaction. This study aimed to identify the commonly used HMs among patients with DM and determine the magnitude of concomitant use of herbal and conventional antidiabetic medicines. Method. A health facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed using both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to determine the magnitude of concomitant use. Patients with DM and prescribers from four public hospitals were the study population for the quantitative and qualitative study, respectively. Simple descriptive statistics were used to describe variables for the quantitative data, and content analysis had been conducted manually for qualitative data. Result. Out of 791 respondents, 409 (51.7%) used traditional medicine at least once in their life time, and 357 (45.1%) used traditional medicine in the last six months prior to data collection. A majority (288 (80.7%)) of the respondents used HMs after starting the conventional antidiabetic medicines within the last six months. Moringa stenopetala, Thymus vulgaris, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Nigella sativa, and Allium sativum were among the frequently mentioned HMs. Prescribers were requesting patients’ HM use when they saw sign of liver toxicity and skin disease, and they were not documenting their history in the patient’s chart. Conclusion. Concomitant use of herbal and conventional antidiabetic medicines was a common practice. Cognizant of its potentially serious herb-drug interactions, efforts should be made to improve awareness and knowledge of healthcare providers about HM potential effects. Further studies on dose, frequency, duration, and modes of interaction are recommended.

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Legesse, B., and Z. Shewamene. "Traditional Medicine use and its impact on antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Hiv Patients In Ethiopia." Value in Health 18, no. 3 (May 2015): A241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2015.03.1404.

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Tesfaye, Solomon, Anteneh Belete, Ephrem Engidawork, Teferi Gedif, and Kaleab Asres. "Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers to Treat Cancer-Like Symptoms in Eleven Districts, Ethiopia." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (April 21, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7683450.

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There is no ethnobotanical study conducted specifically on medicinal plants traditionally used to treat cancer in Ethiopia. Yet, traditional herbalists in different parts of the country claim that they have been treating cancer-like symptoms using herbal remedies. The objective of this study was to document medicinal plants traditionally used to treat cancer-like symptoms in eleven districts, Ethiopia. Traditional herbalists were interviewed using semistructured questionnaires, and field visits were also carried out to collect claimed plants for identification purpose. Seventy-four traditional herbalists, who claimed that they knew about and/or had used medicinal plants to treat cancer-like symptoms, were selected using the snowball method and interviewed. Herbalists used their intuition and relied on the chronicity, growth of external mass, and spreading of the disease to other parts of the body, as a means to characterize cancer symptoms. Furthermore, in some of the study districts, herbalists reported that they treat patients who had already been diagnosed in modern healthcare institutions prior to seeking help from them. The inventory of medicinal plants is summarized in a synoptic table, which contains the scientific and vernacular names of the plants, their geographical location, the parts of the plants, and the methods used to prepare the remedies. A total of 53 traditionally used anticancer plants, belonging to 30 families, were identified during the survey. The most frequently reported anticancer plants were Acmella caulirhiza Del (Asteraceae), Clematis simensis Fresen. (Ranunculaceae), Croton macrostachyus Del. (Euphorbiaceae), and Dorstenia barnimiana Schweinf. (Moraceae). Organizing traditional healers, documenting their indigenous knowledge, and scientifically validating it for the development of better cancer therapeutic agents constitute an urgent and important task for policymakers and scientists.

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Kibret, Dejene Teshome. "Epistemological tug of war, traditional medicine and the potential for modus vivendi in Ethiopia." African Research Review 13, no. 3 (August 21, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v13i3.10.

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Wolde-Mariam, Messay, Akawak Gari, and Raghavendra Yarlagadda. "Knowledge, attitude, practice, and management of traditional medicine among people of Burka Jato Kebele, West Ethiopia." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 7, no. 2 (2015): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.148782.

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Tizazu, Dawit, Yinager Workineh, and Yeneneh Ayalew. "Parental Traditional Medicine Use for Children and Associated Factors in North Mecha District, North West Ethiopia." Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics Volume 11 (December 2020): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/phmt.s275249.

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Abebe, Worku. "A survey of prescriptions used in traditional medicine in Gondar region, northwestern Ethiopia: General pharmaceutical practice." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 18, no. 2 (November 1986): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(86)90027-9.

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Tuasha, Nigatu, Beyene Petros, and Zemede Asfaw. "Plants Used as Anticancer Agents in the Ethiopian Traditional Medical Practices: A Systematic Review." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (October 3, 2018): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6274021.

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Background. This systematic review aimed at examining the use patterns of Ethiopian anticancer traditional medicinal plants (MPs) in view of recommending further validation studies.Methods. The information was retrieved from PubMed according to the PRISMA guideline. The electronic library of Addis Ababa University and relevant church-based religious books were also inspected for additional data.Results. From 34 studies meeting specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, 119 anticancer MP species distributed in 98 genera and 57 families were recorded. Fabaceae (10.92 %) and Euphorbiaceae (10.08 %) were the most widely used families.Plumbago zeylanica(Plumbaginaceae) was the most frequently used anticancer MP species. Shrubs (42.02 %) and herbs (35.29 %) were dominant growth forms. About 89.08 % of the MPs were collected from wild habitats. Leaves (33.73 %) and roots (27.11 %) were the most frequently harvested parts. The most favored routes were dermal (33.33 %) and oral (29.25 %). About 87.07 % preparations were made from fresh plant materials. Breast cancer and skin cancer were treated with 14 % and 10.76 % of anticancer MPs, respectively.Conclusion. The review showed that anticancer MPs are widely used across the regions of Ethiopia. Most of the MPs are not scientifically experimented and yet are at a higher vulnerability to loss mainly by human activities. Calling for conservation measures, we recommend experimental validation of the frequently used anticancer MPs. This augments global anticancer drug researches.

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Woldeab, Bizuneh, Reta Regassa, Tibebu Alemu, and Moa Megersa. "Medicinal Plants Used for Treatment of Diarrhoeal Related Diseases in Ethiopia." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4630371.

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This paper presents a review of relevant antidiarrhoeal medicinal plants based on the fundamental knowledge accumulated by indigenous people of Ethiopia. The review includes an inventory carried out on the phytochemical and pharmacological analysis of plant species used in the treatments of diarrhoeal diseases. This study is based on a review of the literature published in scientific journals, books, theses, proceedings, and reports. A total of 132 medicinal plants used by local people of Ethiopia are reported in the reviewed literature. Herbs (43.6%) were the primary source of medicinal plants, followed by trees (27%). Some findings include the predominance of leaf material used (78%), as well as the frequent use of crushing of the plant parts (38%) as a mode of preparation. This study demonstrates the importance of traditional medicines in the treatment of basic human ailments such as diarrhoeal diseases in Ethiopia. Baseline information gaps were observed in different regions of Ethiopia. Thus, documentation of the knowledge held by other regions of Ethiopia that have so far received less attention and urban ethnobotany is recommended for future ethnobotanical studies. In addition, phytochemical studies are recommended mainly on frequently utilized medicinal plants for treatment of diarrhoeal diseases which can serve as a basis for future investigation of modern drug development. Although societies in Ethiopia have long used medicinal plants for diarrhoeal diseases treatment, it is also a good practice to perform toxicological tests.

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Melkamu Bulcha, Gadissa. "A Seminar Paper on the Review of Five well-known Medicinal Plants Used in Ethiopia." Journal of Biotechnology Research, no. 73 (July 11, 2021): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jbr.73.51.56.

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The indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants appeared when humans started and learned how to use the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants. The various literature available shows the significant role of medicinal plants in primary health care delivery in Ethiopia (about 70% of humans and 90% of livestock population) depend on traditional plant medicine. This is similar to many developing countries, particularly with those countries in Sub-saharan Africa. Medicinal plants provide a vital contribution to human and livestock health care. This seminar review was an attempt to present five medicinal plants (citrus lemon, caricapapaya, Moringa stenopetala, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale).

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Asmare, Amuamuta, and Na Bangchang Kesara. "A review of ethnopharmacology of the commonly used antimalarial herbal agents for traditional medicine practice in Ethiopia." African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 9, no. 25 (July 9, 2015): 615–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpp2014.4233.

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Yasin Mohammed, Ahmed. "Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Community on Traditional Medicine in Jara Town, Bale Zone South East Ethiopia." Science Journal of Public Health 4, no. 3 (2016): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.23.

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Umeta Chali, Belachew, Tsegaye Melaku, Nimona Berhanu, Birhanu Mengistu, Gudina Milkessa, Girma Mamo, Sintayehu Alemu, and Temesgen Mulugeta. "Traditional Medicine Practice in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: Community Claim in Jimma Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia." Infection and Drug Resistance Volume 14 (September 2021): 3773–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/idr.s331434.

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Bihon, Amare, Desalegn Meresa, and Abraham Tesfaw. "Rabies: Knowledge, Attitude and Practices in and Around South Gondar, North West Ethiopia." Diseases 8, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases8010005.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2017 to April 2017 to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of the community towards rabies in south Gondar zone, Ethiopia. A structured closed ended questionnaire was used to collect the data through face to face interviews among 384 respondents. The data were then analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20. Almost all (91.5%) surveyed individuals were aware of rabies. Bite was known as mode of rabies transmission by majority of the respondents (71.1%) with considerable means of transmission through wound contact with saliva of diseased animals. Sudden change of behavior was described as a major clinical sign of rabies in animals by the majority of the respondents. Nearly half of the respondents (48.2%) believed that consumption of rabid animal’s meat can be a medicine for human rabies and majority of the respondents (66.7%) indicated crossing a river before 40 days after dog bite increases severity of the disease. More than eighty percent of the respondents prefer traditional medicines for treating rabies in humans. In total, 51% of the respondents had poor Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) level about the disease rabies. Educational status (χ2 = 21.152), Monthly income (χ2 = 23.059), Sex (χ2 = 11.249), source of information (χ2 = 8.594) and Residence (χ2 = 4.109) were significantly associated with KAP scores (p < 0.05). Education and awareness creation should be given to increase communities KAP about the disease with special focus to traditional healers.

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Yared, Abenezer. "Predictors of Traditional Medical Practices in Illness Behavior in Northwestern Ethiopia: An Integrated Model of Behavioral Prediction Based Logistic Regression Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4186064.

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This study aimed at investigating traditional medical beliefs and practices in illness behavior as well as predictors of the practices in Gondar city, northwestern Ethiopia, by using the integrated model of behavioral prediction. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted to collect data through interviewer administered structured questionnaires from 496 individuals selected by probability proportional to size sampling technique. Unadjusted bivariate and adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, and the results indicated that sociocultural predictors of normative response and attitude as well as psychosocial individual difference variables of traditional understanding of illness causation and perceived efficacy had statistically significant associations with traditional medical practices. Due to the influence of these factors, majority of the study population (85%) thus relied on both herbal and spiritual varieties of traditional medicine to respond to their perceived illnesses, supporting the conclusion that characterized the illness behavior of the people as mainly involving traditional medical practices. The results implied two-way medicine needs to be developed with ongoing research, and health educations must take the traditional customs into consideration, for integrating interventions in the health care system in ways that the general public accepts yielding a better health outcome.

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D'Haene, Eline. "The Devil is in The Detail: Disclosing The Impact of Religion on the Milk System in Ethiopia." Afrika Focus 33, no. 2 (March 11, 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-03302011.

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The influence of religion within food systems in developing economies has been understated in scholarly studies. With its different Christian, Islamic, and traditional faiths, Ethiopia offers a promising field for investigating the impact of religion on the milk system, the most important animal protein source in Ethiopian diets. In a first chapter, we investigate how the presence of a religious fasting period influences household milk intake in the country. The second and third chapter explore how milk producers have adapted to the demand seasonality caused by religious fasting practices in two different major milk production areas. In the two final chapters we investigate if and how religious ties facilitate milk transactions. This dissertation concludes that religious fasting practices have a clear impact on milk consumption and production in the country, thereby creating considerable market inefficiencies. Furthermore, we find evidence of market coordination problems along

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Ragunathan, Muthuswamy, Hawi tadesse, and Rebecca tujuba. "A cross-sectional study on the perceptions and practices of modern and traditional health practitioners about traditional medicine in Dembia district, north western Ethiopia." Pharmacognosy Magazine 6, no. 21 (2010): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.59962.

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Pavithra, Kalaiseziyen, and Ganapathy Saravanan. "A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Action, Ethanobotanical Uses and Nutritional Potential of Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn.,." Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871525718666200212095353.

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Nature is an amazing source for food, shelter, clothing and medicine. An impressive number of modern drugs are isolated from many sources like plants, animals and microbes. The development of natural products from traditional medicines is of great importance to society. Modern concepts and methodologies with abundant clinical studies, unique diversity of chemical structures and biological activities aid the modern drug discovery process. Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn., a traditional medicinal plant of the Cucurbitaceae family, is found in India, Sri Lanka, Ethiopia and Western Malaysia. Almost all parts of the plant are used in traditional systems of medicines and reported having medicinal properties in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In the last few years, extensive research work had been carried out using extracts and isolated phytoconstituents from Kedrostis foetidissima to confirm its pharmacology and biological activities. Many scientific reports show that crude extracts and extensive numbers of phytochemical constituents isolated from Kedrostis foetidissima have activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory and various other important medicinal properties. The therapeutic properties of the plants are mainly attributed to the existence of phytoconstituents like phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and steroids. This comprehensive review in various aspects gave a brief overview of phytoconstituents, nutritional values and medicinal property of the plant and might attract the researchers to explore its medicinal activity by discovering novel biologically active compounds that can serve as a lead compound in pharmaceutical and food industry.

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Bulcha, Gadisa Melkamu, and Kebebush Zepre. "Ethnobotanical Study on Assessment of Indigenous Knowledge on Traditional Plant Medicine Use among People of Wonchi District in Southwest Shewa Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia." International Journal of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, no. 74 (September 2, 2021): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ijhms.74.87.97.

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Incomplete coverage of the modern medical system, shortage of pharmaceuticals, and unaffordable prices of modern drugs, make the majority of Ethiopians still depend on traditional plant medicine. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess the current status of indigenous knowledge of traditional plant medicine used among communities of Won chi District. Method: A total of 198 informants (27 key and 171 general) were selected purposively based on the availability of key informants and vegetation richness of the District. semi-structured interview, observation, and guided field walk with informants were data collection methods. Ethnobotanical scoring and ranking methods like informant consensus, paired-wise comparison, and preference ranking were used to analyze the collected data. The findings were displayed using tables and figures. Result: A total of 93 medicinal plant species were identified. Out of these,50 species (53.76%)were noted to treat only human ailments, 3(2.23%) species were used to treat livestock ailments and the rest 40 (43.01%) were used to treat both. Nearly two-thirds of the study participants have good knowledge about traditional plant medicine use. most medicinal plants were reported by elders (94.62%) than younger age group, traditional medicinal plant healers almost know all (96.77%), regarding religion waqefata (60.21%) know than other religion. More medicinal plants were reported by males (86.02%)than females, while regarding educational status illiterate (61.29%)know and mention more Medicinal plants than literate. Therefore, all stakeholders should work together in changing the current situation in order to sustainably benefit from traditional plant medicine.

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Workneh, Firehiwot, Michelle Eglovitch, Tigest Shiferaw, Fisseha Shiferie, Hanna Amanuel, Amare Worku Tadesse, Alemayehu Worku, Sheila Isanaka, Anne CC Lee, and Yemane Berhane. "Dietary Practices Among Pregnant Women in Rural Amhara, Ethiopia." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab045_080.

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Abstract Objectives Malnutrition affects 25% of women in Ethiopia. We are conducting a study to determine the impact of a prenatal nutrition intervention on maternal and infant health in Ethiopia. The objective of this formative study was to better describe dietary practices among pregnant women and community members in rural Ethiopia prior to initiation the parent study. Methods This formative study was conducted from October-November 2018 among pregnant women and community members in the rural Amhara region of Ethiopia, prior to the “Enhancing Nutrition and Antenatal Infection Treatment (ENAT)” study [ISRCTN15116516]. 28 in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted among 16 pregnant women and 12 community members. IDIs were recorded, transcribed, and translated. We used a grounded theory approach and inductive reasoning for content analysis of interview transcripts. Results Fasting norms in the Ethiopian Orthodox religion had a significant impact on dietary behaviors which occurs for more than 200 days annually. Community members indicated that fasting during pregnancy is common and is also supported and encouraged by religious leaders and community members. Accordingly, women adhered to fasting restrictions during pregnancy, and many women maintained a vegan diet under direction of local religious leaders. Furthermore, many women reported restricting dietary intake in pregnancy to prevent growth of the fetus because of the concern for obstructed labor. A women's diet depended on her husbands’/family earnings and household food preferences. Sharing of meals is a cultural norm; the husband is served first, with the remaining portions to the pregnant women/children. Pregnant women in the area also reported regular consumption of a locally brewed alcohol (“tella”), as it is believed to have lower alcohol levels. These findings demonstrate the impact of traditional and cultural beliefs on dietary decisions amongst pregnant women in this population. Conclusions Reduced food intake in pregnancy is common in this population, due to fasting, reduced appetite, and food restriction to avoid pregnancy complications. Context-specific interventions are needed, and this formative work will inform the future delivery and education regarding nutrition interventions in rural Ethiopia. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1184363).

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Haile, Kaleab Taye, Asnakew Achaw Ayele, Abebe Basazn Mekuria, Chilot Abiyu Demeke, Begashaw Melaku Gebresillassie, and Daniel Asfaw Erku. "Traditional herbal medicine use among people living with HIV/AIDS in Gondar, Ethiopia: Do their health care providers know?" Complementary Therapies in Medicine 35 (December 2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2017.08.019.

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Lulekal, E., J. Rondevaldova, E. Bernaskova, J. Cepkova, Z. Asfaw, E. Kelbessa, L. Kokoska, and P. Van Damme. "Antimicrobial activity of traditional medicinal plants from Ankober District, North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia." Pharmaceutical Biology 52, no. 5 (January 6, 2014): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2013.858362.

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Romha, Gebremedhin, Birhanu Admasu, Tsegaye Hiwot Gebrekidan, Hailelule Aleme, and Gebreyohans Gebru. "Antibacterial Activities of Five Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia against Some Human and Animal Pathogens." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2950758.

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Objective. To evaluate thein vitroantibacterial activities of five plant extracts which have been used as traditional medicines by local healers against three multidrug resistant bacteria, namely,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli, andPseudomonas aeruginosa.Results. The highest mean zone of inhibition (4.66 mm) was recorded from methanol extract ofCalpurnia aurea(Ait.) Benth. at a concentration of 200 mg/ml againstS. aureus, followed byCroton macrostachyusDel. (4.43 mm) at the same dose and solvent for the same bacterial species, while methanol and chloroform extracts ofE. bruceiSchwein. did not inhibit growth of any bacterial species. The lowest value (100 μg/ml) of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was observed from both methanol and chloroform extracts ofC. aurea(Ait.) Benth. against all the three bacteria. The results of the positive control had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) when compared with crude extracts ofC. aurea(Ait.) Benth. at concentration of 200 mg/ml againstS. aureus.Conclusion. The results of the present study support the traditional uses of these medicinal plants by the local healers. ExceptErythrina bruceiSchwein., all the plants investigated in this study exhibited antibacterial activities against the test bacterial species. Further researches are needed to be conducted to evaluate efficacy of these medicinal plant species on other microbes in different agroecological settings and their safety levels as well as their phytochemical compositions.

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Endalew, Birara, Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu, and Kassahun Tassie. "Willingness to pay for church forest conservation: a case study in northwestern Ethiopia." Journal of Forest Science 66, No. 3 (March 30, 2020): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/154/2019-jfs.

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Church forests provide a safe habitat for plants and animals, sources of food and traditional medicine, seed bank for native tree species, reduce soil erosion and rich in biodiversity. But the economic values of these important benefits of church forests were not well documented. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the mean and total willingness to pay for church forest conservation using open-ended and double bounded contingent valuation formats. In doing so, both cash and labour contributions were used to measure the respondents’ willingness to pay. Primary data were collected from 300 randomly selected households and analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate probit model. The estimated mean willingness to pay from the double bounded format (239.79 Ethiopian Birr) is higher than from the open-ended format (178 Ethiopian Birr). Similarly, the estimated mean willingness to contribute labour was also 71.51 and 94.34 man-days for the open-ended and double bounded contingent valuation format, respectively. The comparison indicated that the mean and total willingness to pay from the double bounded format is higher than in the open-ended format. Therefore, researchers, policymakers, and forestry experts should give special attention to the double bounded format rather than to the open-ended format to elicit respondents’ willingness to pay for the conservation of church forests.

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Megersa, Moa, Tilahun Tolossa Jima, and Kabaye Kumela Goro. "The Use of Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Toothache in Ethiopia." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (August 20, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2645174.

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This paper presents a review of relevant medicinal plants used for toothache treatment in Ethiopia. This finding is based on a review of the literature published in scientific journals. A total of 130 medicinal plants, distributed in 117 genera and 62 families, are reported in the reviewed literature. Of the 130 species of medicinal plants reported in the literature, ninety-two (70.7%) were obtained from the wild whereas twelve (9.2%) were from home gardens. Shrubs (34.6%) were the primary source of medicinal plants, followed by herbs (30%). The Asteraceae came out as a leading family with 12 medicinal species while the Fabaceae followed with nine. Some findings include the predominance of root material used (31%), followed by leaves (29%). This study demonstrates the importance of traditional medicines in the treatment of toothache in Ethiopia. It is essential for the health of users to phytochemically demonstrate the effects of medicinal plants for their possible therapeutic applications. Hence, future phytochemical and pharmaceutical studies should give due consideration on frequently reported medicinal plants in order to produce natural drugs that could be effective in toothache treatment and without side effects.

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Misganaw, Manaye, Nigusie Seboka, and Abiyesilassie Mulatu. "Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Associated with Medicinal Animals in West Gojjam Zone of Amhara Region, Ethiopia." American Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 3 (2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20210903.12.

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Oyda, Semayat, and Bekele Megersa. "A REVIEW OF RABIES IN LIVESTOCK AND HUMANS IN ETHIOPIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 561–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i6.2017.2077.

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Rabies, a viral disease caused by lyssa virus of family Rhabdoviridae, is a fatal zoonotic disease with worldwide occurrence and endemic in developing countries of Africa and Asia. Rabies generally affects all warm-blooded animals, but it is primarily a disease of dogs in Ethiopia because access to suspected domestic canids and pets are not controlled indoor or by immunization. The major means of transmission of the disease is through any types of bite, scratch, or other situation in which saliva, cerebral, spinal fluid, tear, or nervous tissues from suspected or known rabid animal or person enters an open wound, is transplanted into, or comes in contact with mucus membrane of another animals or person. One of retrospective study of rabies in Addis Ababa from 1990 – 2000 indicated that an average of 2,200 people per year received post – exposure antirabies treatment while 95% of the reported fatal human rabies case was due to dog bites. The widespread use of traditional medicine among urban and rural population of Ethiopia could be attributed to cultural acceptability, physical accessibility and economic affordability. Individuals who are exposed to the rabies virus often see traditional healers for the diagnosis and treatments of the disease. Once the virus entered into body of exposed individuals through wound (abrasion) or direct contact with mucosal surface, then there, it replicates in the site of deposit (bitten site), where local viral proliferation occurs, and get access (viral attachment) to motor endplates. The clinical sign of the disease is nonspecific and difficult to differentiate without laboratory test, but some of signs such as pupil dilation in some case, paralysis (last stage) and hydrophobia are some characteristic signs. The control of access to domestic canid to other suspected animals is not only prevention method but also is treatment measures. Mass vaccination of dogs and removal of stray canids are the best measure of control. In general, this study provides an overview of the current status of Rabies in livestock and human in Ethiopia.

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Asmerom, Demoze, Tesfay Haile Kalay, Tsgabu Yohannes Araya, Desilu Mahari Desta, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, and Gebrehiwot Gebremedhin Tafere. "Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review." BioMed Research International 2021 (June 7, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6656406.

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Background. Erectile dysfunction has remained as one of the major global health issues. Since the discovery of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, a significant portion of the patients has solved the issue of erectile dysfunction. However, the wide distribution of phosphodiesterase type 5 enzymes at various sites of the body led phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors to cause various unnecessary outcomes. Hence, it is vital to look for and find optional agents that could solve these limitations. The people of Ethiopia depend heavily on medicinal plants to ease their ailments, including erectile dysfunction. Aim of the study. The current study was carried out to systematically review the traditional medicinal plants used for the management of erectile dysfunction in Ethiopia. Method. A systematic and manual search was conducted to retrieve relevant articles published from 2000 to August 2020. Electronic databases of PubMed (Medline), Google Scholar, and grey literature were employed to access the studies. Accordingly, fifty-four published articles and thesis papers were finally included in this study. Result. Seventy plant species have been reported for the management of erectile dysfunction in Ethiopia. The commonly recorded family was Fabaceae, followed by Asteraceae, Malvaceae, Convolvulaceae, and Solanaceae. The plant species that represented the highest number of citations were Asparagus africanus, succeeded by Ricinus communis and Carissa spinarum. The commonest plant part used was roots. Majority of the medicinal plants were administered orally. The growth forms of the reported species were primarily herbs followed by shrubs. Conclusion. The present review compiled medicinal plants utilized by the Ethiopian community to manage erectile dysfunction. The findings will serve as a reference for the selection of plants for further pharmacological, toxicological, and phytochemical investigations in developing new plant-based drugs used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

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Osman, Ashenafi, Desta Berhe Sbhatu, and Mirutse Giday. "Medicinal Plants Used to Manage Human and Livestock Ailments in Raya Kobo District of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 29, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1329170.

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Plant-based traditional medicine is practiced in Raya Kobo district, Amhara Regional State, Northeastern Ethiopia, to manage different human and livestock ailments. However, the formal ethnobotanical survey that documented such knowledge is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to document the traditional knowledge on the use of medicinal plants to manage human and livestock ailments in the district. The study was conducted from January to July 2017 in five purposefully selected kebeles of the district. Ethnobotanical data were collected mainly using semistructured interviews conducted with 150 informants. In the five kebeles, 30 informants (15 males and 15 females) were selected using the stratified random sampling method from a list of traditional practitioners and knowledgeable individuals. Data were analyzed by employing descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The study documented a total of 91 medicinal plant species (distributed in 51 families) used in managing 38 human and 12 livestock ailments. Out of the total recorded plants species, 74 and 17 were used in managing human and livestock ailments, respectively. Leaves were the most frequently used plant parts in the preparation of remedies, accounting for 53.1% of the total preparations. The three most common methods of remedy preparation were grinding/pounding (23.5%), crushing (19.8%), and boiling (14.5%). Preference ranking conducted by selected informants on eight medicinal plants used in treating human febrile illness locally called “mich” revealed that Ocimum urticifolium is the most preferred medicinal plant—an indication of its high potency against the disease, and therefore needs to be prioritized for future scientific investigation. The result of this study demonstrated the rich traditional knowledge and practices in the district on the use of medicinal plants in treating various human and livestock ailments. Deforestation and drought were reported to be the major factors in the district threatening the medicinal plants and the associated knowledge. Thus, concerted efforts have to be made to conserve this important heritage using every possible means.

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Gebremeskel, Leake, Dayananda Bhoumik, Gereziher Geremedhin Sibhat, and Kald Beshir Tuem. "In Vivo Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Leaf Latex of Aloe megalacantha Baker (Xanthorrhoeaceae)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5037912.

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Background. Aloe megalacantha Baker (Xanthorrhoeaceae) is one of the Aloe species widely distributed in Ethiopia. The leaf latex of the plant is used for treatment of wounds, inflammation, and other multiple ailments in Ethiopian traditional medicine. Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf latex of Aloe megalacantha in mice. Methods. The wound healing activity of the leaf latex of the plant was studied topically by incorporating the latex in simple ointment base in a concentration of 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) using excision and incision models. In these models, wound contraction, period of epithelialization, and breaking strength of the wounded skin were determined. Carrageenan induced inflammation of paw model was also used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf latex at doses of 200 mg/kg, 400mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg. The level of inflammation suppressions were measured at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hrs after carrageenan injection, and then the percentages of inflammation inhibition were computed as compared with the negative control. Result. In both wound models, mice treated with 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) latex ointment showed a significant (p<0.05) increment in the rate of wound contraction, reduction in epithelialization time, and higher skin breaking strength. Besides, the latex also exhibited a dose-dependent significant (p<0.05) reductions of inflammation as compared to negative control groups. Conclusion. The overall results of this study demonstrate that the leaf latex of A. megalacantha possesses wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities which can scientifically substantiate the traditional use of the plant as a wound healing agent.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Traditional medicine – Ethiopia'

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