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Journal articles on the topic 'Traditional power grid'
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1
Abdullayev, Vugar, and Ranjeet Pratap Singh Bhadouria. "Overview of the Conversion of Traditional Power Grid to Internet Energy." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 8, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.080401.
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In the information society, no human activity stands still, including the electric power industry. As a result, there has been a shift from a traditional grid architecture to a new information and communication technology architecture. The object of the study of this article is a smart power supply system. The purpose of the study is to consider problems for implementing the concepts of "Smart Grid" and "Internet of energy." To do this, a brief overview was made of the traditional electricity supply system, as well as promising renewable energy sources and its promising directions. In order for several RSE to exist in the same power grid without any problems, it is necessary to use energy routers that are able to connect several power grids operating on different sources. The received system monitor by the power grid management systems (SCADA, distributed control system). There are also discussed the SCADA tasks and features. The above all leads to the implementation of two innovative concepts in the field of energy: Smart Grid and Internet energy.
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Murtaza, Hashmi, Alanen Raili, and Hänninen Seppo. "Modelling Interconnection of Future Combustion Engine Power Plants with Traditional Grid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 837–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.837.
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In this paper, a new simulation model is developed to be able to simulate diesel genset smart grid interconnection by keeping in view future requirements of the grids and grid codes. The simulations are carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment. An example case is based on 1200 kW variable speed diesel genset with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The simulations are carried out for various dynamic behaviours of PMSG and their protection and control facilities, which are necessary in normal operating conditions and in a range of disturbed operating conditions in order to preserve or to re-establish system security. Various faults (e.g. disturbances) have been induced in the distribution system and the robustness of the network has been analysed to make sure continuous supply of electricity to the consumers in the future smart grid environment.
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Zhang, Hao, Shao Yu Tian, Zhong Jing Liu, and Fang Chen. "Power Planning Model of Microgrid Based on Minimizing the LCC Cost." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2687.
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The development of micro-grid technology provides power system a variety of forms, flexible ways of power supply schemes, but a lot of basic micro-grid operational problems are different from the traditional large power grids, which need to be studied specifically. This paper studies the power planning problem of micro-grid, namely to meets the system operational constraints, study how to optimize the micro-power configuration of micro-grid, so that the whole micro-grid life cycle cost is the smallest.
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Singh, Ankit Kumar. "UHVDC-Technology Future of India Electricity Transmission." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 20, 2021): 1620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36686.
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it's proposed to use highly complex grid controllers to include power grids into one super- grid that may acquire large penetration of inexhaustible powers, without compromising power quality, active and reactive power flow, and voltage and facility stability. The super-grid constructed with ultra- high voltage DC (UHVDC) and flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) together with dedicated ac and dc interconnectors with intelligent systems applications to supply a wise Integrated Super-Grid. DC interconnectors will segment the whole continent's power systems into five large asynchronous segments (regions). Noncontemporary divisions will prevent ac fault propagation between sections while allowing power exchange between different parts of the super-grid, with minimum difficulty for grid code unification or harmonization of regulatory regimes across the mainland as each segment maintains its accord . a sensible Integrated wattage Super-Grid powered by these technologies is critical in supporting sustained economic process and development; established on the keystone of renewable energy and utilizing over 600GW immeasurable potential of Africa's clean and renewable hydroelectric, photovoltaic and alternative energy as a little of a extensive energy comingle of traditional and complementary energy resources.
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Gao, Zhi Qiang, Hua Yu Chu, Liang Meng, Si Qing Sheng, Zhong Ji Sun, Xiao Yang, and Bin Liang. "Micro-Grid Power Quality Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 1335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.1335.
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As distribute power generation and micro-grid technology develops, more and more researchers attach importance to the problems of power quality in micro-grid, especially the problem of harmonic. This paper describes the impact and harm harmonic has on the power quality of the power grid. It introduces a revised method of managing micro-grid harmonics which uses an active power filter (APF), and the control method of APF is different from the traditional one. It also establishes the simulation model of micro-grid, analyze the simulation results and experiment in actual micro-grid to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Samanta, Shouvik Kumar, and Chandan Kumar Chanda. "Smart power grid vulnerability analysis in composite system through power grid modelling." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v10.i1.pp11-20.
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<p>Though the number of traditional literature reviews most of the researchers in this area have concluded that modern intelligent electric network a referred standard new model which is considering for proposed power flow model analysis of Smart power grid vulnerability through composite network. By the theorem of Max-Flow and complex power network theorems that are represented the advance vulnerability indices for pick out endangered lines of the smart grid network. In other hand, the power flow model and existing models simulation are examined on the IEEE 39-bus test model. The results of the simulation introduced that the proposed concept of grid model, estimation and the index application are more adequate in smart grid weakness power and efficiency analysis. In this paper briefly summarize the methods and probabilities of a vulnerability index which was explained in specific in references. Therefore, it is imperative to further implement new models and new tools so as to reach the novel state and moderate the huge or massive potential shutoff.</p>
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Chen, Wei Min, and Cai Hui. "Design on a Micro-Grid System without Inverse-Power-Flow Based on Distributed Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1342.
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Recent years, traditional radiate passive power distribution will become an active power with many medium or small power sources and loads, when distributed generation by new energy (such as wind power or photovoltaic power) are connected to power grid more and more. This change of power distribution brings large harm to security of power grid. This paper proposed a micro-grid system without inverse-power-flow based on distributed generation, which center controller and load controller are deployed, and distribution powers, loads and load controllers are partitioned into different domains connected to micro-grid by controllable switch. The function of main units of micro-grid is discussed; as well as the operation strategy of micro grid based on distributed generation is studied. Finally, the experiment results show the feasibility of the proposed micro-grid system.
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Gomes, R. Claudio S., Carlos Costa, Jose Silva, and Jose Sicchar. "SmartLVGrid Platform—Convergence of Legacy Low-Voltage Circuits toward the Smart Grid Paradigm." Energies 12, no. 13 (July 5, 2019): 2590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132590.
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The current electrical system is transitioning towards a new technological model called the smart grid. The transition duration between the traditional Electric Power System (EPS) and the full smart grid depends on well-designed strategic plans, implementing transition models that are as close to smart grids as possible, based on the processes and technological resources available at the time, but always considering their economic feasibility, without which no solution thrives. In this article, we present a method for convergence of the traditional power distribution grid to the smart grid paradigm by retrofitting the legacy circuits that compose this grid. Our results indicate that the application of such a method, through a distributed system platform with integrated technological resources added to the legacy infrastructure, converts these passive grids into intelligent circuits capable of supporting the implementation of a smart grid with a broad scope of functionalities. Based on a novel retrofitting strategy, the solution is free from the cost of replacing or significantly modifying the legacy infrastructure, as verified in deploying other currently available solutions.
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JI, Cui, Siming HUA, Bingbing ZOU, Hua ZHANG, Chang DIAO, Guofa ZHOU, and Bo MIN. "Monitoring and Analysis of Power Quality in Photovoltaic Power Generation System." E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186406008.
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Solar photovoltaic (PV) has been developed rapidly due to its clean and green renewable characteristics. The connection of photovoltaic power generation to the traditional grid system is bound to bring power quality problems. Based on above, this paper introduces the power quality testing method of photovoltaic grid-connected power grid in detail. And then takes the Shanghai Qingpu Nanrong distributed photovoltaic power generation for example, which is the largest single roof photovoltaic power station in Shanghai by far, to use the method to test its power quality. The power quality index include harmonic, voltage imbalance, and frequency deviation. The test and analysis provide a reference for the monitoring and analysis of power quality of photovoltaic grid-connected power grid.
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Salkuti, Surender Reddy. "Challenges, issues and opportunities for the development of smart grid." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1179-1186.
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The development smart grids have made the power systems planning and operation more efficient by the application of renewable energy resources, electric vehicles, two-way communication, self-healing, consumer engagement, distribution intelligence, etc. The objective of this paper is to present a detailed comprehensive review of challenges, issues and opportunities for the development of smart grid. Smart grids are transforming the traditional way of meeting the electricity demand and providing the way towards an environmentally friendly, reliable and resilient power grid. This paper presents various challenges of smart grid development including interoperability, network communications, demand response, energy storage and distribution grid management. This paper also reviews various issues associated with the development of smart grid. Local, regional, national and global opportunities for the development of smart grid are also reported in this paper.
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Stanelyte, Daiva, and Virginijus Radziukynas. "Review of Voltage and Reactive Power Control Algorithms in Electrical Distribution Networks." Energies 13, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010058.
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The traditional unidirectional, passive distribution power grids are rapidly developing into bidirectional, interactive, multi-coordinated smart grids that cover distributed power generation along with advanced information communications and electronic power technologies. To better integrate the use of renewable energy resources into the grid, to improve the voltage stability of distribution grids, to improve the grid protection and to reduce harmonics, one needs to select and control devices with adjustable reactive power (capacitor batteries, transformers, and reactors) and provide certain solutions so that the photovoltaic (PV) converters maintain due to voltage. Conventional compensation methods are no longer appropriate, thus developing measures are necessary that would ensure local reactive and harmonic compensation in case an energy quality problem happens in the low voltage distribution grid. Compared to the centralized methods, artificial intelligence (heuristic) methods are able to distribute computing and communication tasks among control devices.
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Scarabaggio, Paolo, Raffaele Carli, Graziana Cavone, and Mariagrazia Dotoli. "Smart Control Strategies for Primary Frequency Regulation through Electric Vehicles: A Battery Degradation Perspective." Energies 13, no. 17 (September 3, 2020): 4586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174586.
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Nowadays, due to the decreasing use of traditional generators in favor of renewable energy sources, power grids are facing a reduction of system inertia and primary frequency regulation capability. Such an issue is exacerbated by the continuously increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs), which results in enforcing novel approaches in the grid operations management. However, from being an issue, the increase of EVs may turn to be a solution to several power system challenges. In this context, a crucial role is played by the so-called vehicle-to-grid (V2G) mode of operation, which has the potential to provide ancillary services to the power grid, such as peak clipping, load shifting, and frequency regulation. More in detail, EVs have recently started to be effectively used for one of the most traditional frequency regulation approaches: the so-called frequency droop control (FDC). This is a primary frequency regulation, currently obtained by adjusting the active power of generators in the main grid. Because to the decommissioning of traditional power plants, EVs are thus recognized as particularly valuable solutions since they can respond to frequency deviation signals by charging or discharging their batteries. Against this background, we address frequency regulation of a power grid model including loads, traditional generators, and several EVs. The latter independently participate in the grid optimization process providing the grid with ancillary services, namely the FDC. We propose two novel control strategies for the optimal control of the batteries of EVs during the frequency regulation service. On the one hand, the control strategies ensure re-balancing the power and stabilizing the frequency of the main grid. On the other hand, the approaches are able to satisfy different types of needs of EVs during the charging process. Differently from the related literature, where the EVs perspective is generally oriented to achieve the optimal charge level, the proposed approaches aim at minimizing the degradation of battery devices. Finally, the proposed strategies are compared with other state-of-the-art V2G control approaches. The results of numerical experiments using a realistic power grid model show the effectiveness of the proposed strategies under the actual operating conditions.
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Li, Shi Hua. "Research on Power-Grid Crisis Management and Online Intelligent Decision-Making System of Power-Grid Security." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 1551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1551.
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Power grid crisis that have taken place at home and abroad warns the importance of power grid crisis management. This paper studies the development of the theory on power grid crisis management. Deficiency of the traditional human-intelligence decision-making rule indicates the necessity of research on Online Intelligent Decision-making System of Power-grid Security based on Data Mining. This paper also introduces the development of relevant theory and its concrete application. Research on the above will have profound significance for China to deal with power grid crisis.
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Liu, Xian Xing, and Rui Wang. "Improvement of DPC of Grid-Connected Inverter for Wind Power System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.635.
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This paper analyzes the principle and properties of the traditional direct power control (DPC) system for the three-phase grid-connected voltage source inverter based on its mathematical model. Hysteresis comparators in power loop of DPC control system, leading to the switching frequency not fixed .the fluctuation of power and DC voltage in temporary state. This paper brought an improved program. The active and reactive powers are calculate by estimating the virtual flux. The AC side voltage sensors could be replaced. The SVPWM has been utilized instead of the power hysteresis and switching table of the traditional DPC system.
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Magdy, Gaber, Abualkasim Bakeer, Morsy Nour, and Eduard Petlenkov. "A New Virtual Synchronous Generator Design Based on the SMES System for Frequency Stability of Low-Inertia Power Grids." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 5641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215641.
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In light of the challenges of integrating more renewable energy sources (RESs) into the utility grid, the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) will become an indispensable configuration of modern power systems. RESs are gradually replacing the conventional synchronous generators that are responsible for supplying the utility grid with the inertia damping properties, thus renewable power grids are more vulnerable to disruption than traditional power grids. Therefore, the VSG is presented to mimic the behavior of a real synchronous generator in the power grid through the virtual rotor concept (i.e., which emulates the properties of inertia and damping) and virtual primary and secondary controls (i.e., which emulate the conventional frequency control loops). However, inadequate imitation of the inertia power owing to the low and short-term power of the energy storage systems (ESSs) may cause system instability and fail dramatically. To overcome this issue, this paper proposes a VSG based on superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) technology to emulate the needed inertia power in a short time and thus stabilizing the system frequency at different disturbances. The proposed VSG based on SMES is applied to improve the frequency stability of a real hybrid power grid, Egyptian Power System (EPS), with high renewables penetration levels, nonlinearities, and uncertainties. The performance superiority of the proposed VSG-based SMES is validated by comparing it with the traditional VSG approach based on battery ESSs. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed VSG based on the SMES system could significantly promote ultra-low-inertia renewable power systems for several contingencies.
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Hao, Xu Hao, Wang Fang, and Liang Zhi Cheng. "Application of Improved Droop Control Based on Grid Impedance in Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Power Generation system." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 01080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123301080.
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When the power grid impedance mutates, the output power of the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system controlled by drooping will become very unstable. To solve this problem, an improved droop control algorithm based on network impedance detection is proposed. Taking photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system as the research object, the influence of power grid impedance on traditional droop control is firstly expounded by introducing power grid impedance value into traditional droop control. Then the method of real-time network impedance extraction is introduced. Furthermore, according to the bandwidth and phase angle constraints of the equivalent output impedance phase frequency characteristics of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the controller parameters are updated in real time to achieve the purpose of adaptive network impedance mutation. Finally, the proposed method is tested and verified by real-time simulation in the loop respectively. The results show that the proposed method is correct.
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Xie, Jiaping, Weisi Zhang, Lihong Wei, Yu Xia, and Shengyi Zhang. "Price optimization of hybrid power supply chain dominated by power grid." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 412–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-01-2018-0041.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of renewable energy on the power supply chain and to study whether the renewable generator or the power grid that purchases power from the power spot market is better when the actual generation of renewable energy is insufficient. The authors want to compare and analyze the different power supply chain operation modes and discuss the optimal mode selection for renewable energy generator and power grid in different situations. Design/methodology/approach This paper studies the grid-led price competition game in the power supply chain, in which the power grid as a leader decides the price of transmission and distribution, and generators determine the power grid price. The renewable energy power generator and the traditional energy power generator conduct a price competition game; on the other hand, the power grid and power generators conduct Stackelberg games. The authors analyze the power supply of single power generator and two power generators, respectively, and research on the situation that the renewable energy cannot be fully recharged when the actual power generation is insufficient. Findings The study finds that both renewable and traditional power grid prices decline as price sensitivity coefficient of demand and installed capacity of renewable energy generators increase. Power grid premium decreases as the price sensitivity coefficient of demand increases, but rises as the installed capacity of renewable energy generator increases. When there is a shortage of power, if the installed capacity of renewable energy is relatively small and price sensitivity coefficient of demand is relatively large, the grid purchases the power from power spot market and shares cost with renewable energy generators, leading to higher expected profits of the renewable energy generators. On the contrary, the renewable energy generators prefer to make up power shortage themselves. For the power grid, purchasing the power by the renewable energy generators when there is a power shortage can bring more utility to the power grid when the installed capacity of renewable energy is lower and the demand price sensitivity coefficient is higher. When the installed capacity of renewable energy is high and the price sensitivity coefficient of demand is moderate, or the installed capacity of renewable energy is moderate and the demand price sensitivity coefficient is high, a generator that simultaneously possesses two kinds of energy source will bring more utility to the power grid. If the installed capacity of renewable energy and the demand price sensitivity coefficient both are small or the installed capacity of renewable energy and the price sensitivity coefficient of demand both are large, the power grid prefers to purchase the power by itself when there is a power shortage. Practical implications The goal of our paper analysis is to explore the implications of the theoretical model and address the series of research questions regarding the impact of the renewable energy on the power supply chain. The results of this study have key implications for reality. This paper sheds light on the power supply chain operation mode selection, which can potentially be used for the renewable energy generators to choose their operating mode and can also help traditional energy generators and power grid enterprises maximize their utility. This paper also has some references for the government to formulate the corresponding renewable energy development policy. Originality/value This paper studies the power operation mode under the uncertainty of supply and demand, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy generator that makes up the shortage or the power grid purchases the power from power spot market then shares cost with the renewable energy generator. This paper analyzes the power grid-led coordination problem in a power supply chain, compares and analyzes the price competition game model of single power generator and dual power generators, and compares the different risk preferences of power grid.
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Wang, Yongli, Yanchao Lu, Jingyan Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Shuo Wang, and Lu Xue. "Forecast of Power Grid Investment Scale Based on Support Vector Machine." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 06026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016506026.
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Economic transformation creates a new environment for grid investment. In the situation of high quality development, the traditional investment scale prediction model is no longer applicable. Aiming at the problems of single parameter of grid-driven investment scale prediction model and poor linear fitting accuracy, a provincial medium- and long-term investment scale prediction model based on support vector machine was proposed. Aiming at the single parameter and poor line fitting accuracy of the grid-driven investment scale prediction model under the new situation, the new environment, new directions and new requirements for grid investment are analyzed. Based on the support vector machine algorithm, a medium-and long-term investment scale prediction model for provincial grids based on support vector machines is proposed. The scale of provincial grid investment is expected from 2019 to 2022. The empirical results show that the prediction model constructed in this paper is effective and feasible. It is of great significance to explore the prediction model of medium and long-term investment scale of power grid enterprises in the new situation.
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Cheng, Hao, and Zhong Jing Liu. "Minimum Operating Cost Planning for Micro-Grid Power Source Based on Multi-Energy Source Hybrid Power Supply." Advanced Materials Research 804 (September 2013): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.804.391.
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The reasonable deployment of micro-grid power supply determines the application domain and flexibility of micro grid. Because the micro-grid investors, beneficiary, management mode, etc. are fairly different from those of traditional power grid. From the perspective of micro grid users or operators, this paper analyzes the operating and maintenance cost of power pack of multi-energy source hybrid power supply, designs the micro-grid power pack model of multi-energy source hybrid power supply by use of static planning measure, aiming at the minimization of operating cost, and analyzes the power pack configuration under the condition of different minimum operating costs by case study and how to achieve the operating and maintenance profits and reliability.
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Yao, Zhi Lei, Lan Xiao, and Jing Xu. "Dynamic Response Improvement of the DPC-SVM Three-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 1251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.1251.
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As the dynamic response of the traditional direct power control using space vector modulation (DPC-SVM) is slow, an improved DPC-SVM for the three-phase grid-connected inverter is proposed. The feed-forward reference powers are used to improve the dynamic response. The operating principles of the traditional and improved DPC-SVMs are illustrated. Experimental results of a 15-kVA three-phase grid-connected inverter with the traditional and improved control methods verify the theoretical analysis.
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Songyuan, Deng, and Zhao Xia. "An improving control strategy for grid -connected current in weak grid." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125201010.
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The traditional proportional feedforward control strategy can suppress the low order harmonics in the strong power grid, but in the weak power grid environment, the grid impedance will have an adverse impact on the stability of the system, resulting in the proportional feedforward control can not suppress the low order harmonics well. In order to solve this problem, a control strategy combining resonant feedforward and new repetitive proportional controller is proposed. Firstly, the stability of traditional proportional feedforward and resonant feedforward systems is analyzed and compared by impedance analysis method. Then, a new repetitive controller is added to suppress low order harmonics based on resonant feedforward control, and the stability of single-phase LCL grid connected inverter system is analyzed Matlab / Simulink is used to simulate and verify the system. The results show that the system stability and the ability to suppress low order harmonics are significantly improved.
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Tang, Bi Qiang, Yi Jun Yu, Shu Hai Feng, and Feng Li. "A Novel Method of Static Security Analysis Based on Multithread Technology." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.639.
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With the UHV (Ultra High Voltage) power grid construction and the interconnection of regional power grids, the scale of power grids in China is increasing rapidly. At the same time, significant uncertainty and variability is being introduced into power grid operation with the integration of large-scale renewable energy in power systems. All of these pose an enormous challenge to the operation control of power systems in China. For a long time, online static security analysis, as an important part of EMS (Energy Management System), has been an effective tool for power grid operation. However, it is increasingly difficult for traditional static security analysis in serial computing mode to be online applied in bulk power grids in China. A new practical parallel approach for online static security analysis is put forward in this paper. A multithread parallelism is introduced into contingency screening, detailed contingency evaluation and decision support for reducing the execution time. By employing the multithread technology, the hardware resources of multi-processor/multi-core computer can be fully used and the program can be speeded up effectively. The performance of the parallel static security analysis is demonstrated by tests on two large-scale power systems. The test results show that the proposed method can be online applied in real bulk power grids.
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Iranmanesh, Hamidreza, and Ahmad Afshar. "Application of Cooperative Distributed Predictive Control in Power Grid Frequency Adjustment." Ciência e Natura 37 (December 21, 2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x20872.
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One of the efficient control methods is the model predictive control(MPC) that calculates appropriate system inputs to reduce the difference between the desired and the system predicted output. One of the important applications of this strategy is in power grids for load-frequency control and power balancing. Different architectures of MPC are applied in large scale structures such as power grid. In this paper a feasible cooperation based MPC(FC-MPC) controller has been used as a suited solution to control problem with relatively strict constraints. Also it can be used as one of options for control system of smart grids in future. In this paper, a power grid with 4 control zones has been chosen as a case study. The simulation results indicate the superior performance of the discussed control method in comparison with the traditional control of load- frequency.
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Ghofrani, Mahmoud, Andrew Steeble, Christopher Barrett, and Iman Daneshnia. "Survey of Big Data Role in Smart Grids: Definitions, Applications, Challenges, and Solutions." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 12, no. 1 (October 24, 2018): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001812010086.
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Objective:This paper provides a literature review on smart grids and big data. Smart grid refers to technologies used to modernize the energy delivery of traditional power grids, using intelligent devices and big data technologies.Methods:The modernization is performed by deploying equipment such as sensors, smart meters, and communication devices, and by invoking procedures such as real-time data processing and big data analysis. A large volume of data with high velocity and diverse variety are generated in a smart grid environment.Conclusion:This paper presents definitions and background of smart grid and big data. Current studies and research developments of big data application in smart grids are also introduced. Additionally, big data challenges in smart grid systems such as security and data quality are discussed.
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Lei, Guang Yu, Yuan Zeng, and Cong Zhao. "Study on the Calculation of Power Grid Asset Utilization Index." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 2122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.2122.
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As the using quality of power grid asset becomes the focus of concern, the reasonable power grid asset utilization index is needed. The paper discusses the researching level of domestic and foreign power grid assets utilization and gives a brief analysis of the typical factors which have great influential on the utilization of power grid asset. According to safety and network structure requirements during the operation, the traditional power grid asset utilization indices were improved. Finally, the paper selects the typical 10kV distribution lines to conduct the calculation of utilization, and gives some analysis and advice according to the results.
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Yan, Xiangwu, and Weichao Zhang. "Review of VSG Control-Enabled Universal Compatibility Architecture for Future Power Systems with High-Penetration Renewable Generation." Applied Sciences 9, no. 7 (April 9, 2019): 1484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9071484.
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Due to the irreversible energy substitution from fossil fuels to clean energy, the development trend of future power systems is based on renewable energy generation. However, due to the incompatibility of converter-based non-dispatchable renewable energy generation, the stability and reliability of traditional power systems deteriorate as more renewables are introduced. Since conventional power systems are dominated by synchronous machines (SM), it is natural to utilize a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control strategy that intimates SM characteristics on integrated converters. The VSG algorithm developed in this paper originates from mimicking mathematic models of synchronous machines. Among the different models of implementation, the second-order model is simple, stable, and compatible with the control schemes of current converters in traditional power systems. The VSG control strategy is thoroughly researched and case studied for various converter-interfaced systems that include renewable generation, energy storage, electric vehicles (EV), and other energy demands. VSG-based integration converters can provide grid services such as spinning reserves and inertia emulation to the upper grids of centralized plants, distributed generation networks, and microgrids. Thus, the VSG control strategy has paved a feasible way for an evolutionary transition to a power electronics-based future power grid. By referring to the knowledge of traditional grids, a hierarchical system of operations can be established. Finally, generation and loads can be united in universal compatibility architecture under consolidated synchronous mechanisms.
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Kryltcov, Sergei, Aleksei Makhovikov, and Mariia Korobitcyna. "Novel Approach to Collect and Process Power Quality Data in Medium-Voltage Distribution Grids." Symmetry 13, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13030460.
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The paper is devoted to the development of the structure of a fast and flexible data collecting system based on the proposed approach to measure power quality indicators in three-phase medium-voltage distribution grids with an example of a Mikhailovsky mining and processing plant. The approach utilizes the properties of a space vector, obtained from grid currents and voltages with disturbed waveform, to allow faster extraction of the harmonic components compared to traditional approaches, based on the direct Fourier-transform applied to a line or phase values. During the study, the concept of a universal measurement device was introduced, which allows fast estimation of the following values at the grid node: magnitudes and phases of voltage and current harmonic components, active and reactive power of harmonics and fundamental components, positive and negative instantaneous powers. The structure of interconnected measurement and control units for the considered grid node with simultaneous operation of two active variable frequency drives with active rectifiers was proposed in accordance with a concept of the Internet of things. The benefits of the proposed solution are shown by the example of the model of the grid node with two operating draglines and nonlinear load, which was developed in MATLAB/Simulink software. The proposed approach was utilized to produce distributed references for control systems of grid inverters to compensate nonlinear currents, which allowed to significantly improve THDi of the grid node input power.
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Liu, Zhong Jing, Xiao Jiang Huo, Hao Cheng, and Yu Na Li. "Static Planning for Micro-Grid Power Source Based on Multi-Energy Source Hybrid Power Supply with the Minimum Operating Cost." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.673.
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Because the micro-grid investors, beneficiary, management mode, etc. are fairly different from those of traditional power grid. From the perspective of micro grid users or operators, this paper analyzes the operating and maintenance cost of power pack of multi-energy source hybrid power supply, designs the micro-grid power pack model of multi-energy source hybrid power supply by use of static planning measure, aiming at the minimization of operating cost, and analyzes the power pack configuration under the condition of different minimum operating costs by case study and how to achieve the operating and maintenance profits.
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Larik, Raja Masood, and Mohd Wazir Mustafa. "Technologies used in Smart Grid to implement Power Distribution System." TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/tijee.v16i2.1606.
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<span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Recently, the debate has been going on about the role of power plus distribution systems, its technologies for future smart grids in power systems. The emerging of new technologies in smart grid and power distribution systems provide a significant change in terms of reduction the commercial and technical losses, improve the rationalization of electricity tariff. The new technologies in smart grid systems have different capabilities to increase the technological efficiency in power distribution systems. These new technologies are the foreseeable solution to address the power system issues. This paper gives a brief detail of new technologies in smart grid systems for its power distribution systems, benefits and recent challenges. The paper provides a brief detail for new researchers and engineers about new technologies in smart grid systems and how to change traditional distribution systems into new smart systems.</span>
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Kukuča, Peter, and Igor Chrapčiak. "From Smart Metering to Smart Grid." Measurement Science Review 16, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msr-2016-0017.
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Abstract The paper deals with evaluation of measurements in electrical distribution systems aimed at better use of data provided by Smart Metering systems. The influence of individual components of apparent power on the power loss is calculated and results of measurements under real conditions are presented. The significance of difference between the traditional and the complex evaluation of the electricity consumption efficiency by means of different definitions of the power factor is illustrated.
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Zheng, Zhaohong, Tianxia Zhang, and Jiaxiang Xue. "Application of Fuzzy Control in a Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3806372.
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To realize the maximum power output of a grid-connected inverter, the MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control method is needed. The perturbation and observation (P&O) method can cause the inverter operating point to oscillate near the maximum power. In this paper, the fuzzy control P&O method is proposed, and the fuzzy control algorithm is applied to the disturbance observation method. The simulation results of the P&O method with fuzzy control and the traditional P&O method prove that not only can the new method reduce the power loss caused by inverter oscillation during maximum power point tracking, but also it has the advantage of speed. Inductive loads in the post-grid-connected stage cause grid-connected current distortion. A fuzzy control algorithm is added to the traditional deadbeat grid-connected control method to improve the quality of the system’s grid-connected operation. The fuzzy deadbeat control method is verified by experiments, and the harmonic current of the grid-connected current is less than 3%.
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Li, Yan Hong, and Zhi Rong Zhang. "Application of Reactive Power Optimization in Power Grid in AVC." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 979–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.979.
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Automatic voltage control(AVC) is the highest form of current power grid voltage and reactive power control,during the implementation of AVC, the whole network reactive power optimization isthe core and foundation. Thispaper researches and discuses the application of reactive power optimization inpower grid AVC. In the traditional reactive power optimization, the reactivepower limits of synchronous generators are fixed. In this paper, thesynchronous generator PQ operating limits change with external conditions,thus establishes reactive power optimization model in accordance with therequirements of AVC. Thispaper presents reactive power optimization method based on the principle ofpartition. The method decomposes the system to several partitions. Eachpartition separately optimized, thus reduces the system scale.And the convergence of the algorithm, the calculation speed and the discretevariable processing etc. improve. At the same time, this method reflects theclassification, hierarchical, partition, characteristics of coordinated controlof AVC.
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Li, Dong-Hui, Yi-Lin Wang, and Da-jun Zhou. "Research on a New Control Scheme of Photovoltaic Grid Power Generation System." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/512058.
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A new type of photovoltaic grid power generation system control scheme to solve the problems of the conventional photovoltaic grid power generation systems is presented. To aim at the oscillation and misjudgment of traditional perturbation observation method, an improved perturbation observation method comparing to the next moment power is proposed, combining with BOOST step-up circuit to realize the maximum power tracking. To counter the harmonic pollution problem in photovoltaic grid power generation system, the deadbeat control scheme in fundamental wave synchronous frequency rotating coordinate system of power grid is presented. A parameter optimization scheme based on positive feedback of active frequency shift island detection to solve the problems like the nondetection zone due to the import of disturbance in traditional island detection method is proposed. Finally, the results in simulation environment by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experiment environment verify the validity and superiority of the proposed scheme.
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Huang, Haichao, Zhouzhenyan Hong, Huiming Zhou, Jiaxian Wu, and Ning Jin. "Knowledge Graph Construction and Application of Power Grid Equipment." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (October 9, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8269082.
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Recent development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology enquires the traditional power grid system involving additional information and connectivity of all devices for the smooth transit to the next generation of smart grid system. In an AI-enhanced power grid system, each device has its unique name, function, property, location, and many more. A large number of power grid devices can form a complex power grid knowledge graph through serial and parallel connection relationships. The scale of power grid equipment is usually extremely large, with thousands and millions of power devices. Finding the proper way of understanding and operating these devices is difficult. Furthermore, the collection, analysis, and management of power grid equipment become major problems in power grid management. With the development of AI technology, the combination of labeling technology and knowledge graph technology provides a new solution understanding the internal structure of a power grid. As a result, this study focuses on knowledge graph construction techniques for large scale power grid located in China. A semiautomatic knowledge graph construction technology is proposed and applied to the power grid equipment system. Through a series of experimental simulations, we show that the efficiency of daily operations, maintenance, and management of the power grid can be largely improved.
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Hua, Chi, Erxi Zhu, Liang Kuang, and Dechang Pi. "Short-term power prediction of photovoltaic power station based on long short-term memory-back-propagation." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 10 (October 2019): 155014771988313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719883134.
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Accurate prediction of the generation capacity of photovoltaic systems is fundamental to ensuring the stability of the grid and to performing scheduling arrangements correctly. In view of the temporal defect and the local minimum problem of back-propagation neural network, a forecasting method of power generation based on long short-term memory-back-propagation is proposed. On this basis, the traditional prediction data set is improved. According to the three traditional methods listed in this article, we propose a fourth method to improve the traditional photovoltaic power station short-term power generation prediction. Compared with the traditional method, the long short-term memory-back-propagation neural network based on the improved data set has a lower prediction error. At the same time, a horizontal comparison with the multiple linear regression and the support vector machine shows that the long short-term memory-back-propagation method has several advantages. Based on the long short-term memory-back-propagation neural network, the short-term forecasting method proposed in this article for generating capacity of photovoltaic power stations will provide a basis for dispatching plan and optimizing operation of power grid.
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Yan, Xiangwu, Chenguang Wang, Ziheng Wang, Hongbin Ma, Baixue Liang, and Xiaoxue Wei. "A United Control Strategy of Photovoltaic-Battery Energy Storage System Based on Voltage-Frequency Controlled VSG." Electronics 10, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10172047.
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At present, the installed capacity of photovoltaic-battery energy storage systems (PV-BESs) is rapidly increasing. In the traditional control method, the PV-BES needs to switch the control mode between off-grid and grid-connected states. Thus, the traditional control mode reduces the reliability of the system. In addition, if the system is accidentally disconnected from the grid or the energy storage battery fails to work normally, the DC voltage of the inverter increases or decreases rapidly. To address these two problems, in this paper, a united control strategy is proposed. In the case of grid connection, based on the voltage-frequency controlled VSG strategy, the strategy adjusts the output power of the VSG by changing the position of the primary frequency modulation curve. This method can ensure that, after the system is connected to the grid, excess PV power can be sent to the grid, or power can be absorbed from the grid to charge energy storage. In the off-grid state, the strategy uses FPPT technology and superimposes a voltage component onto the voltage loop to quickly balance the DC power and AC power of the inverter. This strategy can improve the reliability of the system’s power supply if the energy storage fails to work normally. Finally, a PV-BES model was built using MATLAB-Simulink, and the simulation results proved the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
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Yun, Pingping, Yongfeng Ren, and Yu Xue. "Energy-Storage Optimization Strategy for Reducing Wind Power Fluctuation via Markov Prediction and PSO Method." Energies 11, no. 12 (December 4, 2018): 3393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123393.
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Wind power penetration ratios of power grids have increased in recent years; thus, deteriorating power grid stability caused by wind power fluctuation has caused widespread concern. At present, configuring an energy storage system with corresponding capacity at the grid connection point of a large-scale wind farm is an effective solution that improves wind power dispatchability, suppresses potential fluctuations, and reduces power grid operation risks. Based on the traditional energy-storage battery dispatching scheme, in this study, a multi-objective hybrid optimization model for joint wind-farm and energy-storage operation is designed. The impact of two new aspects, the energy-storage battery output and wind-power future output, on the current energy storage operation are considered. Wind-power future output assessment is performed using a wind-power-based Markov prediction model. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the wind-storage grid-connected power in real time, to develop an optimal operation strategy for an energy storage battery. Simulations incorporating typical daily wind power data from a several-hundred-megawatt wind farm and rolling optimization of the energy storage output reveal that the proposed method can reduce the grid-connected wind power fluctuation, the probability of overcharge and over-discharge of the stored energy, and the energy storage dead time. For the same smoothing performance, the proposed method can reduce the energy storage capacity and improve the economic efficiency of the wind-storage joint operation.
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Chen, Wei Min, Wei Wang, Hui Cai, and Guo Cheng Chen. "Research on a Novel Power Inverter Control Strategy Based on Micro-Grid." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 7624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.7624.
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Based on summarizing a stand-alone running strategy of distributed power inverter and analyzing the possibility to control grid-connected power inverter with the same strategy, a novel micro-grid power inverter control method is proposed in this paper. While applying this method, the power inverter can not only output power in the grid- connected scenario, but also automatically produce power to satisfy the power demand or non-power demand about the load and power-sharing among inverters when the islanding and stand-alone events take place. It overcomes some traditional power inverter shortcoming that it can not make micro-grid smooth transition from grid-connected to islanding and to stand-alone status, due to the delay during different strategies being switched. At last, the effectiveness of the proposed method was proved by simulation results.
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Weng, Yi Xuan, Chang Hong Deng, and Lei Chen. "An Optimal Automatic Generation Control Strategy for Interconnected Power Grid with Wind Power." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 2017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.2017.
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As the continuous increase of wind power installed capacity in modern grid, its inherent randomness and fluctuation may cause a series of problems to power system frequency control. Since the dynamic characteristics of traditional automatic generation control (AGC) based on PI control cannot fully and effectively meet the interconnected power grids requirements for load frequency control. In this paper, a strategy based optimal control theory is proposed, and a new dynamic cost function is also presented. Compared to the conventional PI control method, the proposed strategy has better dynamic adaptability to interconnected power system with wind generation, and the optimal coordination among control areas can be realized more easily. Take the two-area interconnected power system with wind power model as an example, the simulation is carried out based on MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results show that the control strategy can obviously suppress the fluctuation of system frequency and tie-line power, and its effectiveness is confirmed.
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Jiang, Jun Jie, and Rong Ju. "Summary of Micro-Grid Control Technology." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1326–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1326.
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The inherent drawbacks of the traditional power grid and distributed energy resources are increasingly restricting the development of power systems. The micro-grid integrating of a variety of new green energy and having perfect self-control can meet the load demand and achieve sustainable development of environment at the same time. The basic definitions, system structure, the control strategy and the last research of micro-grid through a comprehensive literature review are presented. The literature analyzes the power supply control, power quality control and overall control and points out the characteristics and deficiencies of each control mode. Finally, some prospects of micro-grid on research findings in China were proposed.
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Xuesong, Tang, Wu Bin, Yu Guangming, Zou Jianwei, Zhou Han, Xie Di, and Jin Yingxu. "Quantitative Prediction Method for Distribution Power Grid Risk." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123601014.
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The electric power distribution grid is directly oriented to the majority of the ordinary users. Traditional operation and maintenance are performed mainly based on experience, which disable to rationally evaluate the status of the line and predict faults. Based on big data, the risk of the line is evaluated through principal component analysis in this paper, so that a machine learning algorithm is carried out to calculate the risk value of the distribution grid line unit. Finally, GA-BP neural network is used to build a line risk value prediction model for improvement.
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Yan, Xiangwu, Jiajia Li, Ling Wang, Shuaishuai Zhao, Tie Li, Zhipeng Lv, and Ming Wu. "Adaptive-MPPT-Based Control of Improved Photovoltaic Virtual Synchronous Generators." Energies 11, no. 7 (July 12, 2018): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11071834.
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The lack of inertia and damping mechanism of photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems controlled by maximum power point tracking (MPPT) poses a challenge for the safety and stability of the grid. Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology has attracted wide attention, since it can make PV grid-connected inverter present the external characteristics of a synchronous generator (SG). Nevertheless, traditional PV-VSG is generally equipped with an energy storage device, which leads to many problems, such as increased costs, space occupation, and post-maintenance. Thus, this paper proposes a two-stage improved PV-VSG control method based on an adaptive-MPPT algorithm. When PV power is adequate, the adaptive-MPPT allows the PV to change the operating point within a stable operation area to actualize system supply-demand, matching in accordance to the load or dispatching power demand; when PV power is insufficient, PV achieves traditional MPPT control to reduce power shortage; simultaneously, improved VSG control prevents the DC bus voltage from falling continuously to ensure its stability. The proposed control approach enables the two-stage PV-VSG to supply power to loads or connect to the grid without adding additional energy storage devices, the effectiveness of which in off-grid and grid-connected modes is demonstrated by typical simulation conditions.
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Ma, You Jie, Kun Zhou, and Xue Song Zhou. "Overview on Micro-Grid Technology Research." Advanced Materials Research 749 (August 2013): 618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.749.618.
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Traditional central power supply and distributed generation have the advantages and limitations themselves. Micro grid technology can integrate the advantages of distributed generation and that makes for large scale new energy and renewable energy power generation system connected to the grid. First, the micro grid research background and significance are introduced in detail, then the current research situations of micro-grid at home and abroad are represented, in the end, the key problems and development prospect of micro grid are discussed emphatically.
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Zhao, Ying, Jin Shan Ji, and Nai Cheng Du. "The Filtering Device under Improved Direct Current Control." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.433.
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This paper mainly describes the mechanism and elimination method of harmonic in low-voltage power grid. Improve direct current control method in the traditional filter method,filtering the harmonic and timely compensating reactive power in the grid. On this condition, it can make the power grid safe and stability. At the same time simulate the improved direct current control method, and the results verify the correctness and rationality of the control method.
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Fan, Fei, Gongping Wu, Man Wang, Qi Cao, and Song Yang. "Multi-Robot Cyber Physical System for Sensing Environmental Variables of Transmission Line." Sensors 18, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 3146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18093146.
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The normal operation of a power grid largely depends on the effective monitoring and maintenance of transmission lines, which is a process that has many challenges. The traditional method of the manual or remote inspection of transmission lines is time-consuming, laborious, and inefficient. To address this problem, a novel method has been proposed for the Multi-Robot Cyber Physical System (MRCPS) of a power grid based on inspection robots, a wireless sensor network (WSN), and multi-agent theory to achieve a low-cost, efficient, fault-tolerant, and remote monitoring of power grids. For the sake of an effective monitoring system for smart grids, the very research is conducted focusing on designing a methodology that will realize the efficient, fault-tolerant, and financial balance of a multi-robot team for monitoring transmission lines. Multiple testing scenarios are performed, in which various aspects are explored so as to determine the optimal parameters balancing team performance and financial cost. Furthermore, multi-robot team communication and navigation control in smart grid environments are introduced.
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Wang, Liang, Siyuan Yin, and Yongjuan Qian. "Techno economic simulation model of power grid investment considering demand side resources and transmission and distribution price." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 01055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018501055.
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With the deepening of market-oriented reform of power system, the investment planning of power grid is affected by many factors. According to the actual business process of power grid investment planning, on the basis of traditional power grid planning ideas, the introduction of system dynamics analysis tools will establish a feedback relationship model for many factors related to power grid investment planning, such as economy, security, demand side resource (DR), transmission and distribution price, and carry out simulation calculation, which can provide a reference for making reasonable policy recommendations for power grid investment. The results show that grid companies can adjust their investment plans by themselves in order to meet the grid reliability and under the incentive of the government's transmission and distribution price policy. the adjustment of transmission and distribution price has the inherent characteristics of decreasing volatility, which can be more obvious when reducing the reliability requirements.
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Duan, Ding Qiang, and Li Ting Jiao. "Analysis of UHV Power Grid Operation and Maintenance System Construction and Optimization Strategy - Taking Shan-Xi UHV Grid as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 1108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.1108.
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Compared with the traditional power grid, UHV power grid has the character of stronger system function, higher control requirement, and also set a higher request to the daily maintenance management. The operation and maintenance experience of Shan-xi province electric power company on the UHV power grid proved the importance of establishing the new mode of management, strengthening the application of automation technology, and guarenteeing the technology and resources . In order to improve the efficience and quality of UHV power grid operation and maintenance, we should speed up the formulation of operation guidelines for UHV live working and strengthen personnel training and reserve technical talents.
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Zhang, Jia An, Tao Xu, Sheng Xu, Guang Min Fan, Zhi Gang Huang, Ling Xu Guo, Hai Feng Liu, Ning Liu, and Xin Yi Meng. "Discussions about Cooperative Modeling between Electricity Substation and Control Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 521 (February 2014): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.521.284.
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Power grid modeling, data maintenance and management in substation and control center are based on IEC61850 standard and IEC61970 standard respectively. The difference between the two standards inevitably affects the data sharing and maintainability of grid models and the operational efficiency of the whole system. The key issues concerning on cooperative modeling，such as power equipment collaborative naming mechanism, mutual mapping between SCL and CIM, constructing complete model for traditional substation, power grid model segmentation and merging are discussed in detail. The analysis shows that collaborative modeling is imperative for power grid to improve efficiency, reduce workload and enhance power system intelligent level in the future.
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Zhang, Hua Long, and Er Hong Zhang. "Study on Automatic Control Method of Photovoltaic Power Systems." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.52.
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Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm directly affect the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system independent of energy, the thesis of common strengths and weaknesses of the MPPT algorithm to summarize, the traditional method of perturbation and observation maximum power point tracking algorithm is improved and build a simulation model, the simulation model are direct and network controllers and input grid and grid-independent photovoltaic power generation system model of network simulation, and network time from both the grid conditions, and the impact of current network waveforms and grid voltage waveform analyzed. Simulation results observed with the conventional perturbation method were compared and analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the improved method.
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Pan, Xiu Min, Xiao Xu Song, Yu Yuan, Fen Gao, Yang Bai Luo, and Hua Zheng. "Power Grid Vulnerability Research Based on the Comprehensive Parameter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3294.
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One of the main reasons caused the blackout accident is the existence of the power grid vulnerable unit. Therefore, how to find out the existing vulnerable unit accurately becomes a hot topic in the power grid at present. In this article, the problem aiming at the insufficient of grid vulnerability metrics is studied. Firstly, the new comprehensive vulnerability indicator was constructed to remedy the disadvantages of the current indicators of grid vulnerability. Secondly, the calculation process was listed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the new indicator and the traditional indicator were analyzed in detail in the IEEE typical example. The result of the example shows that the new indicator built in this article is valid.