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Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic accident statistics'
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1
Imran, Muhammad, and Jamal Abdul Nasir. "ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 06 (June 10, 2015): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.06.1235.
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Objective: To determine the trend of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and forecastingtheir incidence is an emerging to take safety measures so that general public health relatedmorbidity and mortality can be minimized. Setting: The data for present study has been takenfrom Pakistan bureau of statistics (statistics House). Period: January 2002-2003 to December2011-2012. Methods: A set of eleven curve fitting models namely linear, quadratic, cubic,logarithmic, inverse, exponential growth model, logistics-curve ,and compound models werecarried out for prediction. Results: Under the descriptive analysis, the annual average numberof fatal and non-fatal accidents is 43.3% and 56.7% respectively. In provinces Punjab contributesto a high rate of total number of accidents, while Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh and Baluchistanplaced second, third and fourth respectively. Under the curve fitting estimation, the cubicmodel was selected for predicting the annual traffic road accident for all categories i.e.(i) Total Number of Accident (ii) Fatal Accident (iii) Non-Fatal Accident (iv) Killed People(v) Injured People and (vi) The Number of Vehicle Involved. Rising trend in all categoriesare expected in Pakistan. Conclusions: The traffic road accident is expected to rise in Pakistan.
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Ahmad, Arif, Khandaker Hossain, and Mallik Hossain. "Identification of Urban Traffic Accident Hotspot Zones Using GIS: A Case Study of Dhaka Metropolitan Area." Journal of Geographical Studies 3, no. 1 (April 4, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj5.19030104.
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The issue of traffic safety becomes increasingly prominent and has attracted widespread attention from researchers and policy makers. Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is the most vulnerable city both in terms of total number of accidents and accident rates. GIS technology has been widely applied to urban traffic information and safety management. This paper presents a geospatial analysis to identify the road traffic accident (RTA) hotspot zones in Dhaka Metropolitan Area (DMA). ‘Spatial analysis’ and ‘spatial statistics tools’ are used to examine spatial patterns of accident data. A systematic comparison of identified hotspot zones using Local Moran’s-I Statistic, Getis-Ord Gi* statistic and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) carried out to examine spatial patterns of high cluster of traffic accidents. These analyses revealed a total 22 hotspot zones in DMA during the years 2010-2012. This kind of research would help generating new parameters for reducing road traffic accidents in Dhaka Metropolitan Area.
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Skirmantė, Miglė, and Marija Burinskienė. "ANALYSIS OF PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE SAFETY ON THE MOST ACCIDENTAL STREETS IN VILNIUS CITY." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 12 (September 22, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2020.13065.
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The article examines the intersections of the most accidental streets of Vilnius, which are classified as black spots, and provides suggestions on how to rearrange them. The statistics of traffic accidents are analyzed to identify the most accident-prone streets. Dangerous intersections are identified by the black spot methodology. The technical parameters of the most accident-prone streets, the behavior of pedestrians and cyclists at intersections are analyzed. After analyzing the factors that determine the accident, solutions are proposed to help reduce the number of accidents involving pedestrians and cyclists.
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Men, Yu Zhuo, Hai Bo Yu, and Xin Pan. "Study on Macroscopic Prediction Model of Traffic Accident Influence Factors." Advanced Materials Research 590 (November 2012): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.590.531.
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In order to study the main influence factors on urban traffic accident, the grey correlation system macroscopic prediction method was presented. Concerning the overall environmental perspective of people, automobile, and road as well as the distinctive characteristic of urban traffic accident, the prediction model of factors contributing to traffic accident was proposed. EXCEL software was applied to analyze the relations between the influence factors and traffic accidents with grey theory model adopted to calculate the correlation grade among different factors. The prediction Model was also validated through examples on the basis of the investigation of traffic accident and the relevant statistics. The results show that the model is applicable and efficient in forecasting the main factors and the relations between them, thus to avoid traffic accidents.
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Li, Jin Yao. "Analysis and Countermeasure of Traffic Accidents in a Dalians Transportation Group." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 2436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.2436.
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Nowadays, traffic accidents have become one of the ten major threats to human health, and reducing the damage to life and property has been the people's demands. Traffic accident analysis has its inherently regional difference. The main objectives of this paper is to conduct investigation and statistical analysis on the weather conditions, month, week, hour, road environment, the drivers age and driving-age of the accidents, based on the traffic accidents records of a Dalians transportation group from 2008 to 2012. According to the acquired statistics and countering the geographical and climatic characteristics of Dalian area, this paper put forward traffic accident prevention measures proposed for Dalian area:Timely safety education and training for the drivers, establishing enterprise safety culture and establishing and improving the safety management system of modern traffic.
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Olkhov, V. "ESTABLISHMENT OF CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMPROPER ARRANGEMENT OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT FACILITIES AND TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS OCCURRENCE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 21, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2020_30.
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The daunting issues arising at experts and forensic bodies when appointing and conducting comprehensive road and pavement forensic investigation and road accident analysis (forensic expert examination) are considered. Types of traffic accidents provided by the statistics of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine are analyzed. A number of road accidents with victims committed in conditions of the road and settlements streets unsatisfactory state is defined.
More and more judicial and investigative bodies turn to forensic science institutes, in particular to KhRIFE, in order to determine whether the improper design of the road network affected the occurrence of an accident. In other words, the questions not only on the establishment of improper design of the road section where the accident occurred, but also on the existence of cause and effect relationship between the identified discrepancies and the accident are advanced for examination. The study of the above issues belongs to the forensic specialty 10.16 Road and Pavement Forensic Investigation. The demand for forensic research of improper design of the road network and the causes of accidents are constantly growing. At the same time, the practice of conducting road and pavement forensic investigation, namely the analysis of the materials provided for the study, shows that most criminal proceedings are investigated both while pre-trial investigation and in court for violation of traffic safety rules or transport operation by persons who drive vehicles. In the statistical report of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine, the data of road accidents are not classified as those that arose due to improper condition of roads and streets of settlements, and when conducting road and pavement forensic investigation it is established that improper design of the road network is in cause and effect relationship with the occurrence of an accident from a technical point of view.
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Bukova-Zideluna, A., A. Villerusa, and A. Lama. "An overview on pedestrians involved in traffic accidents in Latvia: Years 2010-2014." SHS Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184001004.
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Latvian national road accident statistics shows that for the vulnerable road users’ situation is critical, since pedestrians are involved in more than a quarter of road traffic accidents. This paper gives an analysis on pedestrians involved in road traffic accidents based on the road safety accident database in Latvia for the years 2010–2014. The total number of cases does not change significantly, however there has been an increase in pedestrian fatality rates over the period. From the total number of traffic accidents with pedestrians involved 92.4% had injuries, 6.8% were lethal cases and others didn't suffer from injuries. Out of 342 fatalities 37.7% occurred during the winter period, 56.1% in adverse weather (overcast, fog, rain or snow), 69.9% during twilight or darkness and 26.9% on weekends. Out of all accidents 55.3% occurred in the capital city Riga, but fatality rate was higher on main state roads. 8.1% of the total number of pedestrians involved in road traffic accidents was found to have alcohol in their blood right after the road traffic accident. Fatality rate was higher for those with exceeded BAC. Pedestrian injury risk analysis was associated with demographical and traffic-related factors, urbanization, visibility and seasonal patterns.
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Aydogdu, Yusuf Volkan. "A Comparison of Maritime Risk Perception and Accident Statistics in the Istanbul Straight." Journal of Navigation 67, no. 1 (September 23, 2013): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463313000593.
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The Istanbul Strait is a challenging waterway for maritime traffic due to its rough topology, moderate to severe environmental conditions, and heavy local traffic. In particular, a total of 232 maritime accidents took place there between 2000 and 2011. In this study, generic fuzzy analytic hierarchy processes were used to assess the risk perception of stakeholders in the Istanbul Strait, including ship captains, maritime pilots and Vessel Traffic Services operators. These risk perceptions were then compared to the statistical maritime accident data, revealing a fundamental discrepancy between the risk perception and statistical data. Specifically, the area of the Straight with the highest number of accidents is perceived as relatively low-risk, whereas areas perceived as high-risk experience a lower number of accidents. Our results have implications for stakeholders as well as government agencies responsible for the safety of the Straight.
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Visby, Rie Hultqvist, and Karoline Lundholt. "Gender Differences in Danish Road Accidents." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 3 (September 11, 2018): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118795005.
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A study based on the Danish Road Directorates accident statistics shows that there are different gender patterns in how we behave in traffic and our involvement in traffic accidents. Overall men drive more by car and take longer trips. Women take more trips, but they are shorter, and travel more by bicycle or walking. Although men and women spend the same amount of time in traffic, twice as many men as women are involved in traffic accidents. Men constitute 62% of all persons killed and injured in road accidents, and are involved in 66% of the accidents. Not only gender, but education, income and age are also important factors in the accident patterns of men and women in Denmark. People with primary/lower secondary school as the highest education level are over represented in accident statistics in proportion to other educational groups. Young people aged 18–24 constitute about 20% (the largest group) of persons killed and injured in traffic accidents, although they only constitute approximately 8% of the population. In this group, there are about twice as many men killed or injured as women. The overall pattern is that, the older you become, the higher educated you are and the higher income you have—the smaller is your risk of involvement in accidents in Denmark. This knowledge is of importance when planning communication strategies with different segments of the population and when reaching out to young people in schools, who are at the highest risk of getting killed or injured in accidents.
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Wang, Xue, Huiting Yu, Chan Nie, Yanna Zhou, Haiyan Wang, and Xiuquan Shi. "Road traffic injuries in China from 2007 to 2016: the epidemiological characteristics, trends and influencing factors." PeerJ 7 (August 6, 2019): e7423. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7423.
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Background Road traffic accidents are one of the serious disasters that cause public injury, fatality and great economic loss. They are a growing public health problem around the world. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics, tendency and possible influencing factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in China, so as to give target suggestions on preventative measures. Methods Road traffic accident data were obtained from National Bureau of Statistics of China and Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. Descriptive statistic such as RTIs frequency, trends of different accident types from 2007 to 2016; the RTIs difference between different regions and road surfaces were compared; and the possible influencing factors of RTIs were also explored. Results Over the past decade, with the mileage of constructed highway increased, the frequency of road traffic accidents have declined substantially in China, and the death toll from road traffic accidents with motor vehicles has declined from 2007 to 2015, Conversely, the number of deaths from non-motor vehicle accidents has risen rapidly since 2012. Our study showed that the traffic accident related mortality in Guizhou province was different from the level of the whole nation, and the Eastern, Central and Western areas of China were all significantly different (P < 0.001). Linear regression suggested a significant affected of gross domestic product (GDP)-per-capita, education level, the number of health institutions, populations, and car ownership status on traffic accident death tolls (P < 0.001). Moreover, cement concrete pavement roads were associated with the highest occurrence rates of RTI, and RTIs was statistically significant (P < 0.001) on different road surfaces. Conclusion Even though the frequency of road traffic accidents has declined, RTIs remain an urgent public health problem in China. Thus, the government should give some target preventative measures to reduce RTIs, aiming at different regions, the increasing trend of the death toll related to non-motor vehicles and the highest occurrence on cement concrete pavement roads.
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Igboanugo, A. C., and E. Francis Ekhuemelo. "Intervention Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents in Nigeria." Advanced Materials Research 18-19 (June 2007): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.18-19.375.
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This study reports on the development in road traffic accidents in Nigeria since 1994. The preliminary survey took Edo state, one of the 36 constituent States of Nigeria, as a case study. An intervention model, which is a combination of an ARIMA noise and dichotomous models, was employed in analyzing a seven-year monthly accident time series obtained from the Federal Office of Statistics and the Federal Road Safety Corps of Nigeria. The Durbin Watson’s test statistic, used to ascertain the adequacy of our ARIMA predictive model, suggested that the intervention model adopted has a good fit. The study points up a significant reduction in the rate of road traffic accidents through multiple policy interventions of Nigeria.
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Olszewski, P., B. Osińska, P. Szagała, P. Skoczyński, and A. Zielińska. "Problems with Assessing Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Based on Traffic Accident Data." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0113.
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AbstractThe problem of poor quality of traffic accident data assembled in national databases has been addressed in European project InDeV. Vulnerable road users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and moped riders) are especially affected by underreporting of accidents and misreporting of injury severity. Analyses of data from the European CARE database shows differences between countries in accident number trends as well as in fatality and injury rates which are difficult to explain. A survey of InDeV project partners from 7 EU countries helped to identify differences in their countries in accident and injury definitions as well as in reporting and data checking procedures. Measures to improve the quality of accident data are proposed such as including pedestrian falls in accident statistics, precisely defining minimum injury and combining police accident records with hospital data.
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Jaśkiewicz, Marek, and Jacek Jaskólski. "The analysis of safety on the polish roads between 2001 and 2016." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 18, no. 9 (September 30, 2017): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2017.033.
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This article uses statistics on road accidents in Poland from police and GUS (Central Statistical Office) data. The most common causes of road accidents are presented. Graphically presented accident rates both for the whole country and for every voivodeship separetely in the years 2001-2016. Analysis of the impact of the changes in traffic code on safety on public roads in Poland was made as well as the most and least safe voivodeship.
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Дорохин and S. Dorokhin. "MODERN APPROACHES AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTION OF ROAD SAFETY." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19420.
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The article gives statistics of road accidents in the Russian Federation for 9 months of 2015, the statistics of road accidents involving children under the age of 18 years. Analyzed the consequences of the accident and proposed measures for the prevention of child road traffic injuries and a range of other measures that allow for prevention among different age groups
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Muhammed Yahaya, Abdulkadir, Abdullahi Sani Yusuf, Inusa Musa, Fatima Ilyasu Maaji, Suleiman Umar Bambale, Rowland Oscar, Abubakar Muhammad Bawa, and Angela Uwanuakwa. "A spatiotemporal appraisal of road traffic accident in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria." Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education 1, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v1i3.535.
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Purpose: Road accident has been claiming lives and no amount of research will be enough to expose the causes and dangers. This study appraises the causes and analyses the variation of road accidents in the Kaduna metropolis, intending to reduce it. Research methodology: The data used was obtained from Federal Road Safety Corps and complemented by the researchers’ field survey. Eight members of the research team went to the 24 bus stops identified each month rotationally. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the analysis. Results: There was a high correlation of mortality and road accident injuries as confirmed by r-value 0.7 using pearson product moment correlation. Accidents occur most in the morning and afternoon and the season with most accident occurrence was the dry season. The combination of over speeding and other factors were the major causes of road accidents. Limitations: The study used data published in 2016, although a follow-up data verification was conducted in 2017 and 2018. Therefore, the study is old and the results might have changed and might not necessarily be reliable. Contribution: Road accidents hot spots areas, causes, and patterns were exposed to guide the road users in order to avoid the accident. The study can also be replicated in other study areas with similar characteristics.
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Miao, Xiao Kun, and Ming Yang Li. "Application of Grey Model(1,1) in Road Traffic Accident Forecast." Applied Mechanics and Materials 65 (June 2011): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.65.551.
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Road traffic accident forecast is a complex stochastic process. Based on the statistics of road traffic accident, Grey Model (1, 1)( short for GM(1, 1)) was applied to forecast the future number of road traffic accident in this paper. GM(1, 1) was established according to the time-series. GM(1, 1) is usually applied for such stochastic unconfirmed problem as road traffic accident forecast. Base on MATLAB software, the forecast value of road traffic accident was given. The precision of the test results show that the model is accurate and the forecast results are reliable.
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Song, Li Min, Yu Zhuo Men, Yuan Yuan Sun, Ji Xin Yin, and Xiao Lei Liu. "Analysis of in Accident Influence Factors Based on Degree of Grey Correlational Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 1278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.1278.
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It is the problem how to search the main factors in various factors on accident. The gray correlation can not only improve the efficiency of the data which have existed, but also remedy the limitation of that carrying out systems analysis by mathematical statistics. From the overall perspective of human-machine-environment, accident prediction model is established and the influencing factors are analyzed of accidents in this paper. The grey correlation degree of the influencing factors is calculated. At last, prediction model of examples is examined. The result shows that the model is applicable and reliable in forecasting the main factors and the relations between them, thus providing reference for traffic administrative department to avoid traffic accidents.
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Kumar, Sachin, Prayag Tiwari, and Kalitin Vladimirovich Denis. "Augmenting Classifiers Performance through Clustering." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 8, no. 1 (January 2018): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2018010104.
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Road and traffic accident data analysis are one of the prime interests in the present era. It does not only relate to the public health and safety concern but also associated with using latest techniques from different domains such as data mining, statistics, machine learning. Road and traffic accident data have different nature in comparison to other real-world data as road accidents are uncertain. In this article, the authors are comparing three different clustering techniques: latent class clustering (LCC), k-modes clustering and BIRCH clustering, on road accident data from an Indian district. Further, Naïve Bayes (NB), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) classification techniques are used to classify the data based on the severity of road accidents. The experiments validate that the LCC technique is more suitable to generate good clusters to achieve maximum classification accuracy.
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Li, Yao Ping, Zhe Cao, Long Feng, and Zheng Gao Yang. "Road Traffic Crash Accident Distribution Law Analysis in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 1611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.1611.
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This paper is to reveal the distribution rules of highway traffic accident in China. Using statistics data, this paper discusses highway traffic accident frequency and severity distributions by various factors, including temporal dimension, road factors (such as road classes or functions, geometric alignment, etc.), vehicles factors, and drivers’ factors in details. The distributions of highway traffic accident type and highway traffic accident causes are also examined in the paper. A series of useful and interesting conclusions are available for domestic and overseas traffic policy-makers and road safety engineers.
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Quan, Yuan, Xiao Qi Chen, and Yi Bing Li. "An Investigation on Speedometer Pointer Residual-Value of Crashing Vehicle and its Application in Accident Reconstruction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 1177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1177.
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According to the experience of traffic accident investigation over the years, the pointer of some crashed vehicles’ speedometer will stay in one place because of collision spread or heavily vibration, which may indicate the vehicle collision speed. However, the correlation between the residual speed value and actual vehicle collision speed still remains to be examined. For the practical needs of traffic accident reconstruction, this research work is carried out. Based on the principles of traditional speedometers, vehicle impact mechanics and failure mechanism, the damage and failure mode of speedometer in collision are studied. Through the statistics of 15 real traffic accident cases, the features and law about the pointer information of damaged speedometers are obtained initially. As an example, one of these cases is analyzed and calculated to verify the assumption. The availability of the mark information on the indicated place of speedometer after accidents (i.e. the correlation between the speed value of pointers and actual vehicle collision speed) is discussed, which can provide effective means and references for accident reconstruction and vehicle speed identification.
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Lin, Nan, Yu Jie Feng, and Shun Ze Wu. "A Survey on Abrupt Environmental Pollution Accidents in China from 2000 to 2010." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.342.
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Based on environmental statistics data from 2000 to 2010, characteristics and spatial distribution of the abrupt environmental pollution accidents were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and GIS methods. The results showed a decline in the frequency of accidents from 2000 to 2010. Abrupt environmental pollution accidents occurrence frequency in 2010 is only equivalent to 17.42% in 2000. More than 80% of the accidents occurred in the water and air pollution. Environmental pollution and destruction accidents centralized in western and middle parts of China, mainly in Hunan, Sichuan, and Guangxi. The most frequent types of accident were safety misadventure (27), followed by illegal sewage (22), layout problem (11), traffic accident (10), natural disaster (7), long term accumulation (5), and mismanage (3).Finally, conclusions are drawn concerning the need to improve the level of environmental risk prevention and control in the environmental pollution in China.
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Omidi, Mohammad Reza, Meysam Jafari Eskandari, and Nabi Omidi. "Using Artificial Neural Network to Destroy the Process of Traffic Accident Victims in Yazd Province." Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/hdq.6.2.222.10.
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Background: Road accidents are among the most important causes of death and severe personal and financial injuries. Also, its profound social, cultural, and economic effects threaten human societies. This study aimed to estimate the trend of traffic accident victims in Yazd Province, Iran, to predict the number of traffic accident victims in this province. Materials and Methods: Based on traffic casualty statistics referred to forensic medicine in Yazd Province within April 1989 and March 2017 referred to Forensic Medicine of Yazd Province and using an artificial neural network to predict the number of injured for 12 months ending in 2020 has been paid. The neural network used in this study had 12 inputs, one output, and 5 hidden layers. The network predicts the relationship between data after training and learning. The network is considered the MSE benchmark. Results: The number of injured in traffic accidents in Yazd Province in 2020 was equal to 7052 people, with the highest number in December with 832 people and the lowest in June with 414 people. The exact method of use was equal to 92 cases. Conclusion: The trend of traffic accident casualties in Yazd Province in 2020 will be declining. For future research, the exact method designed in this study can be examined with other methods for the best response level.
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AL Rahamneh, Adeeb Ahmed Ali. "Analyze of Slight & Sever Injury Resulted from Traffic Accidents in Jordan: Applied Statistics Study." International Journal of Business and Management 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2016): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n2p323.
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<p>This study aims at show the size of the injuries , both slight and sever caused by traffic accidents on the roads in Jordan for the year 2014, and show the relationship of both slight and sever injuries caused by traffic accidents with the study variables used in this paper performed using the (SPSS). Based on the analysis made, the following are the main results:</p><p>There is statistical significant relationship between type of injury (slight, sever) and accident type, time, month, governorate, light condition, age group, speed limit at (0.05) level.</p>There is no statistical significant relationship between type of injury (slight, sever) and weekdays, territory, weather condition, gender.
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Fan, Yi Lin, Bei Chen Cheng, Li Li Cao, and Kun Cheng Huang. "City Occupancy and Road Capacity Model." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 1538–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.1538.
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In this paper, we study the impact of city driveway occupancy on the urban road traffic capacity. Through the analysis of the scene of an accident case, we gained the vehicle statistics within a cross section in unit time and then did calculation and simulation. The work is concluded as a reasonable model of vehicle queue relationship evaluation.First, on the base of the definition of traffic capacity, statistics of the cars in the cross section before the accident, during the accident and after the accident have been respectively acquired in unit time (1 min). Then we employ Matlab to do the interpolation fitting, drawing the change of actual capacity of the road from the beginning time of an accident to the time when traffic resumes. The work comes to a conclusion that the change of the capacity at the cross section has a pattern of periodic fluctuation.
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Li, Qiao Ru, Liang Chen, Chang Guang Cheng, and Yue Xiang Pan. "A Traffic Accident Predictive Model Based on Neural Networks Algorithm and Rough Set Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.947.
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The most important and critical step to improve road traffic safety is prediction and identification of traffic accident black spot. A new prediction model of traffic accident black spots is proposed based on GA-BP neural network algorithm and rough set theory. First of all, the traffic accident statistics of Jinwei Road in Tianjin are analyzed. With consideration of static road conditions, the samples of road accident black spots are obtained by the GA-BP neural network algorithm. Furthermore, an effective road traffic accident black spot prediction model is established by utilizing rough set theory with consideration of the impact of real time dynamic conditions. Finally, a numerical example is illustrated. Experimental results show that the proposed model with the combination of these two theories can reduce the hybrid and burdensome amount of data, lower the false alarm rate and improve the forecasting accuracy of accident black spots.
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Al-Thaifani, Abdulhameed Ali, Nabil Ahmed Al-Rabeei, and Abdulsalam Mohammed Dallak. "Study of the Injured Persons and the Injury Pattern in Road Traffic Accident in Sana’a City, Yemen." Advances in Public Health 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4138163.
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Background. Fatal road traffic accidents constitute a significant public health problem. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze road traffic accidents in Sana’a city, Yemen, during 2013–2015. Methods. The required information and data of accidents were collected, respectively, from police reported road accident statistics, Sana’a city. 11684 cases of road traffic accidents during period 2013–2015 were studied. Results. 840 people were killed and 9760 people were injured in RTAs during 2013–2015 in Sana’a city. The accident rates per 100000 of the population were 234.8 in 2013, 180.3 in 2014, and 92.2 in 2015. Mortality rates per 100000 of the population were 15.17 in 2013, 12.2 in 2014, and 8.9 in 2015. High speed was the single most important factor responsible for accidents, deaths, and injuries accounting for 38.1% of RTAs followed by drivers’ fault accounting for 18.9% of the total RTAs. The most common age group involved was ≥18 years. Males accounted for 83.1% of killed and injured persons. Most frequent victims of road traffic accidents were vehicles motor (48.9%) followed by pedestrians (38.1%). More than half of RTAs occurred on the straight road. Conclusion. RTAs are a major source of public health concern in Sana’a city, Yemen. Preventive measures to reduce the burden of mortality and morbidity due to road accidents should be introduced.
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EslamiNezhad, S. A., and M. R. Delavar. "AN INTEGRATED NETWORK-CONSTRAINED SPATIAL ANALYSIS FOR CAR ACCIDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF TEHRAN CITY, IRAN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W18 (October 18, 2019): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w18-335-2019.
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Abstract. Research on determination of spatial patterns in urban car accidents plays an important role in improving urban traffic safety. While traditional methods of spatial clustering of car accidents mostly rely on the two dimensional assumption, many spatial events defy this assumption. For instance, car accidents are constrained by the road network and rely on the one dimensional assumption of street network. The aim of this study is to detect and statistically prioritize the car accident-prone segments of an urban road network by a network-based point pattern analysis. The first step involves estimating the density of car accidents in the one dimensional space of the road network using the network kernel density estimation (NKDE) method with equal-split continuous and discontinuous kernel functions. In the second step, due to the lack of statistical prioritization of the accident-prone segments with NKDE method, the output of the NKDE method is integrated with network-constrained Getis-Ord Gi* statistics to measure and compare the accident-prone segments based on the statistical parameter of Z-Score. The integration of these two methods can improve identification of accident-prone segments which is effective in the enhancing of urban safety and sustainability. These methods were tested using the data of damage car accidents in Tehran District 3 during 2013–2017. We also performed the Network K-Function to display the significant clustering of damage car accident points in the network space at different scales. The results have demonstrated that the damage car accidents are significantly clustered.
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Kolesnikova, D., T. Karabchuk, D. Salnikova, and T. Fattahov. "Estimation of socio-economic national losses as a result of road accidents in russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 20, 2016): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2016-6-131-146.
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Every thirty minutes a person dies in a road traffic accident in Russia. Twenty five thousand people die annually, which is equivalent to the middle-populated city in the country. According to Traffic Police Statistics, much more people get wounded or disabled in road accidents. In order to reduce the number of deaths in car accidents it is necessary to implement specific measures, which require substantial public investment. Hence the relevance of more specific evaluation of socio-economic national losses arising because of death, disablement and traumatism in road traffic accidents. To make this possible, the authors have worked out the efficient methodology for estimating socio-economic national losses as a result of road accidents. According to our analysis, the total value of such losses equals 487.1 billion RUB in 2013.
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Akinyemi, Olasunkanmi Oriola, Hezekiah O. Adeyemi, and Olusegun Jinadu. "Road Transport Accidents in Nigeria and the Role of Automotive Active Safety System." TRANSACTIONS of the VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Safety Engineering Series 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tvsbses-2016-0007.
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Abstract Analysis of road traffic accidents revealed that most accidents are as a result of drivers’ errors. Over the years, active safety systems (ASS) were devised in vehicle to reduce the high level of road accidents, caused by human errors, leading to death and injuries. This study however evaluated the impacts of ASS inclusions into vehicles in Nigeria road transportation network. The objectives was to measure how ASS contributed to making driving safer and enhanced transport safety. Road accident data were collected, for a period of eleven years, from Lagos State Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget, Central Office of Statistics. Quantitative analysis of the retrospective accident was conducted by computing the proportion of yearly number of vehicles involved in road accident to the total number of vehicles for each year. Results of the analysis showed that the proportion of vehicles involved in road accidents decreased from 16 in 1996 to 0.89 in 2006, the injured persons reduced from 15.58 in 1998 to 0.3 in 2006 and the death rate diminished from 4.45 in 1998 to 0.1 in 2006. These represented 94.4 %, 95 % and 95 % improvement respectively on road traffic safety. It can therefore be concluded that the inclusions of ASS into design of modern vehicles had improved road safety in Nigeria automotive industry.
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Razvodovsky, Y. "Suicides and road traffic deaths in Russia: A comparative analysis of trends." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): s891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1812.
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IntroductionIt has long been recognized that there are difficulties in obtaining valid mortality rates for suicides. The evidence indicated that suicides are sometimes misclassified and “hidden” as accidental. Suicide by motor vehicle crash is a recognized phenomenon, leading to under-reporting of the actual number of suicides and inaccuracies in the suicides mortality statistics. Road traffic accident mortality and the suicides rates in Russia are both among the highest in the world. This phenomenon has attracted much attention in recent years, but remains poorly understood.AimsThe present study aims to test the hypothesis of the close aggregate level link between road traffic accident mortality and the suicides rates in Russia.MethodsTrends in sex-specific road traffic accident mortality and the suicides rates from 1956 to 2015 were analyzed employing a distributed lags analysis in order to assess bivariate relationship between the two time series.ResultsThe graphical evidence suggests that the trends in both road traffic accident mortality and the suicides for male and female seem to follow each other across the time series. The results of analysis indicate the presence of a statistically significant association between the two time series for male at lag zero. This association for female was also positive, but statistically non-significant.ConclusionsThis study indirectly supports the hypothesis that many of road traffic accident deaths in Russia are likely to have been suicides. Alternatively, common confounding variables, including binge drinking and psychosocial distress, may explain positive aggregate-level association between the two time series.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Hesse, Christian A., John B. Ofosu, and Samuel K. Darkwah. "The Effect of Age on Road Traffic Fatality Index in Ghana." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 5, no. 4 (June 21, 2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v5n4p111.
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In this paper, data on road traffic casualties by age groups, from 2009 to 2013, will be used. Using published road traffic casualty statistics from the National Road Safety Commission of Ghana, a 2 ´ 8 contingency table is used to determine whether road traffic casualty and age group are independent. A one factor analysis of variance tests shall be used to conduct a comparative analysis of the rate of road traffic fatalities per 100 casualties across the various age groups in Ghana. A multiple comparison test, using the Fisher least significance difference (LSD) method, shall be conducted to determine which pairs of age groups are significantly different.The study will show that road traffic casualty is not independent of age group. The analysis of variance will show that there are significant differences in road traffic fatality indices (fatality per 100 casualties) among various age groups in Ghana. The risks of dying in a road traffic accident among children under 6 years and older population who are over 65 years are both significantly higher than those of other age groups. This points to the fact that, although smaller number of children under 6 years and older population who are over 65 years die in road traffic accidents each year, more and more people as a proportion of the recorded number of casualties, are being killed through road traffic accidents among these two categories of age groups. Thus, the probability of being killed in a fatal road traffic accident is significantly high in each of these two age groups.
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Guo, Shuzhang, and Zhi Liu. "Pre-Hospital First Aid Strategy for Highway Traffic Accident." Journal of Emergency Management and Disaster Communications 02, no. 01 (June 2021): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2689980921500032.
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Road traffic accidents have become an enormous global public health problem. Traffic accident injuries on highways can cause severe trauma. The death rate of the injured is very high within 30[Formula: see text]min after injury. According to statistics, about 75–95% of the people with fatal traffic injuries died before being taken to the hospital. If these casualties can be effectively treated, about 1/3 can be prevented from death. Therefore, pre-hospital first aid plays a very important role in the treatment of major traffic accident injuries. Paying attention to the pre-hospital emergency treatment is crucial to ensure the success of a major accident damage, and to improve treatment results and reduce mortality and morbidity. A good relationship between the doctor and ambulance officers is essential for efficient team work. All emergency surgical procedures in the case of severely injured patients are generally performed in accordance with the Damage Control Orthopedics (DCO) principle. In order to improve the pre-hospital rapid response and first aid capabilities, the government should establish independent trauma disciplines and trauma specialist training systems, and must build the regional trauma care system as well as the standards for graded treatment, thus establishing a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) for severe trauma. In this way, we can reduce the mortality and disability risks of severe trauma, improve the quality of patients’ life and save more lives.
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Kou, Kuang Yang, Jo Ting Wei, Hsin Hung Wu, and Yu Huei Liu. "Using Classification and Regression Tree in Forecasting Injury Severity of Intoxicated Driving Cases in Taiwan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 145 (December 2011): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.145.349.
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Accidents and adverse effects was the sixth leading cause of death in Taiwan in 2008 provided by Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. Based on Statistics of Police Administration released by National Police Agency, Ministry of Interior, Taiwan, the case of intoxicated driving accidents accounts for more than 19% in fatal traffic accidents from 2006 to 2009. Moreover, the cause in intoxicated driving accidents ranks first among thirteen causes. As a result, intoxicated driving accident is one of the critical reasons to cause death and often results in serious casualties.
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Mendoza, Alberto, Jesús M. Chavarría, and Emilio Mayoral. "Some Measures to Improve Safety of Road Motor Transport in Mexico." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1613, no. 1 (January 1998): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1613-09.
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Several statistics concerning the occurrence of accidents on the most important fraction of the Mexican highway system (basic network) are given. The involvement of cargo trucks in these accidents is discussed. The factors that contribute most to the occurrence of accidents are identified. Among these factors, those related to the speed of the vehicles that make up the traffic flows stand out. An economic analysis to determine the optimum speed limits and highway design speeds is provided. This analysis is based on depicting, for a given road section, the trend of vehicle operating costs (VOCs), accident costs, and the sum of both with respect to speed. The trend of accident costs is determined from assessment of the average cost per accident in the basic network and prediction of the variation of accident rate with respect to mean flow speed. The VOC trend is obtained by using the World Bank VOC model, calibrated for Mexican conditions. Some recommendations for improving existing speed laws and the enforcement of the regulating system are presented. Other actions for generating a national road safety program are mentioned.
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Alkandari, Abdulrahman, and Samer Moein. "Vehicle Accident Report Application for Solving Traffic Problems and Reduce the Ratio of Pollution using Case Study: Kuwait City." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp380-391.
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<span lang="EN-US">Minor traffic accidents have become a major problem facing the road users in the recent years, according to the statistics from the Ministry of Interior (MOI) in Kuwait there were recorded 80,388 accidents by the year 2014. Accidents not only affect the mobility but also contribute to air pollution and slow down economic growth. These effects are the result of the seriously extended trips travel time due to accumulated vehicles queue. In some accidents cases, the lost time waiting for the arrival of the traffic officers and filling up the accident report could take up to 45 minutes. The new idea of Vehicle Accident Report application (I-VAR) concept developed by the research team would reduce the waiting time up to 3 minutes (93% savings), which would increase the level of service of the segment of a roadway. In addition, the study will be discussed four major situations on some of the busiest roads in Kuwait. Specifically, gas emissions and cost estimation. Improve the pollution obviously, by using the (I-VAR) application for the minor accidents there is an amount of 360,776,460 K.D would be saved yearly from the Kuwait government funds. It is a consequence of the huge savings in alleviating traffic congestion and generally produces more saver and efficient travel conditions.</span>
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CARDOSO, Meiri das Graças, Rogerio Mendonça MARTINS, and Leonardo STURION. "A STATISTICAL STUDY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN THE CITY OF LONDRINA-PR IN 2019." REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BIOMETRIA 39, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.28951/rbb.v39i1.503.
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This article addressed traffic accidents in the urban perimeter of the city of Londrina- Paraná, Brazil, carried out in 2019. The information used was from the Integrated Emergency Trauma Care System and collected through the General Occurrence Registry (RGO) of the Fire Department of Londrina. For this study, accidents were selected in the collision category between vehicle drivers and motorized drivers. The study variables were the most frequent months and the accident codes defined by Integrated Trauma Emergency Service (SIATE). The article aimed to analyze the occurrences (collision) of vehicle drivers in 2019, seeking to make the population aware of accident prevention. The methodology adopted was descriptive, quantitative, obtained intentionally. The results show that these categories of drivers are responsible for more than 50% of the total accidents and more than 60% of the fatal victims. According to the results obtained, it is expected that the authorities may be sensitized, adopting measures that lead those responsible to more rigorous sanctions, thus making drivers aware of having greater responsibility when driving a vehicle, emphasizing that they need to redouble their attention and have responsibility in traffic, avoiding negligence and damage to the lives of others.
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Males, Mike. "California’s Graduated Driver License Law." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v4i3.1972.
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Many traffic safety researchers believe Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) laws save lives by imposing restrictions, stronger licensing requirements, and delayed licensure status on drivers under age 18. To determine the effects of California’s GDL law on traffic fatalities among older (age 18-19) and younger (age 16-17) teens by age, sex, accident characteristics, and license status, mortality data from California’s Center for Health Statistics, driver and accident data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, and population data from the California Department of Finance were analyzed for the 1995-2004 period. Compared to California who began driving before the GDL law took effect and to corresponding trends among Californians ages 20 through 44, 16- and 17-year-olds subject the GDL law experienced net decreases of 13% in motor vehicle fatality rates and 14% in driver involvements in fatal accidents. However, 18- and 19-year-olds subjected to GDL programs experienced net increases of 11% in traffic fatalities and 10% in involvements of drivers in fatal accidents, more than offsetting the declines among younger teenagers. These results support reassessment of the effects of the GDL law, including its specific requirements, on older teenagers.
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Song, Cheng Ju, and Quan Yan Li. "The Prediction Model of Macro-Road Traffic Accident Basing on Radial Basis Function." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 981–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.981.
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The Macro-road traffic accident prediction is an important branch of ITS, which could not only make improving direction, but also improve the traffic operation. The paper based on the analyzing the existing macro prediction model, aiming at the existing shortcomings of prediction models with low accuracy and slow convergence speed, introducing the Radial Basis Function, establishing the accident prediction model between Population, Economic situation, cars, road mileage and the index of accident Statistics, and apply Matlab to Simulation to prove the Feasibility and Practicality of the model.
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Na Ayuthya, Rampai Suksawasdi, and Dankmar Böhning. "Traffic accident mapping in Bangkok metropolis: A case study." Statistics in Medicine 14, no. 21-22 (November 15, 1995): 2445–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780142113.
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Alkheder, Sharaf A., Reem Sabouni, Hany El Naggar, and Abdul Rahim Sabouni. "Driver and vehicle type parameters' contribution to traffic safety in UAE." Journal of Transport Literature 7, no. 2 (April 2013): 403–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2238-10312013000200021.
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Former traffic safety studies showed clearly that driver or human factor is a major contributor to road accidents. Hence, to better understand the traffic accident nature it's so vital to analyze all characteristics related to drivers involved in these accidents. This article focuses on this aspect through using a dataset representing UAE traffic accidents in the time interval between 2007 and 2010. A major focus was given in this article to analyzing the relation between traffic accidents and driver citizenship for all types of involved vehicles. This was due to the fact that drivers in UAE came from different backgrounds (over than 100 citizenships) and hence it's so important to identify citizenships with major involvement in road accidents for each vehicle type. This will allow traffic authorities to give special attentions to these citizenships and vehicle types through special traffic awareness programs, fining system or other preventive measures aiming to reduce the accidents frequency and severity levels. Results indicated that for all types of vehicles emirates nationals drivers represent the citizenship with the highest involvement rate in traffic accidents (30.02%) followed by Pakistanis (21.26%) then comes the Indians drivers with a percentage of 11.95%. Light vehicle type traffic accidents statistics shows that a general trend can be seen for all citizenships where there is an increase in the number of traffic accidents over the course of the three years. The main contribution of the paper is its uniqueness in analyzing such accidents database after the implementation of the new unified traffic law in UAE.
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Brzozowska-Rup, Katarzyna, and Marzena Nowakowska. "Modelling road traffic safety indices by means of regression with panel data." Engineering Management in Production and Services 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2020-0026.
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Abstract Although the occurrence of road accidents and the number of road accident casualties in almost all Polish voivodeships has decreased over the last few years, the rate of this change varies considerably from region to region. To provide a better understanding of such a tendency, panel data regression models are proposed to conduct this pilot research which evaluates the relative performance of Polish regions in terms of their road traffic safety. Panel data are multi-dimensional data which involve measurements over time. In the research, a voivodeship is a unit analysed at a group level, whereas a year is a unit analysed at a time level. A two-way error component regression model has been applied to survey the impact of regressors, the group effects, and time effects on a dependent variable. The analysis has been conducted using data acquired from the Statistics Poland Local Data Bank website, as well as from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The panel data from 16 regions in Poland and the 2012–2018 period have been investigated. The examined models refer to road traffic safety indices defined based on the following characteristics: the number of road accidents, the number road fatalities, and the number of people injured. The results of all the three models indicate a negative effect as regards the GDP per capita, (car) motorisation rate, the indicator of government expenditure for current maintenance of national roads, and the road length per capita. A positive association has been found between the truck motorisation rate and the indicator of local government expenditure on roads. The impact of the region's urbanisation indicators on road safety is ambiguous as, on the one hand, its increase causes a reduction in the road accident and accident injury indices, but, on the other hand, it produces a rise in the accident fatality index. In the models, the significance of time effects has been identified; a decreasing time trend suggests a general improvement in road safety from year to year. Most of the group effects have turned out to be highly significant. However, the effects differ as regards both the road accident and the accident injury indices in magnitude and direction.
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Xiong, Xiaoxia, Shuichao Zhang, and Lin Guo. "Non-motorized Vehicle Traffic Accidents in China: Analysing Road Users’ Precrash Behaviors and Implications for Road Safety." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.110112.
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The paper aims to explore underlying patterns of non-motorized vehicle (NM, including both regular bicycles and e-bikes) traffic accident occurrences based on precrash behaviors. A quarter-year data of NM accidents was collected by Yinzhou Traffic Police Department of Ningbo, China. Descriptive statistics and Rough Set theory were used to examine rules within different types of NM accidents from temporal, spatial, and behavioral aspects. Some main findings include: behavior patterns of different parties involved vary across different accident types, levels of roads, and intersections; motorized vehicle’s illegal turning as well as NM’s reverse riding are the two key behaviors that deserve concern across all levels of roads and intersection; in addition, for higher level urban roads more attention should be focused on lane violations of motorized vehicles, and for branch roads and intersections prevention efforts could be directed to motorized vehicles’ illegal turning around and NM’s red-light running respectively. Results from this paper could facilitate related staff formulating more targeted policies to make roadways safer.
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Wit, Paulus A. J. M. de, Caroline Zaneripe de Souza, and Roberto Moraes Cruz. "Improving Accident Statistics and Expanding the Role of Traffic Psychologists in Brazil." Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão 36, no. 4 (December 2016): 816–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-3703002382016.
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Abstract Due to the mandatory assessment of psychological fitness to drive of prospective drivers, Brazil has a relatively large amount of traffic psychologists. Since, in general, assessment only happens upon first licensing, the task of these psychologists is fairly limited (as is the scope of the assessment itself). Intention and method: this study aims to perform a critical analysis of possibilities to expand the role of psychologists working in the traffic system in Brazil. A systematic review study of databases and international documents was conducted and a scope of activity of psychologists in this area was built. First result statistical data is scattered over many agencies. First conclusion in order to better identify specific tendencies and risk groups in Brazil, statistical data related to accident involvement needs to be better, perhaps centrally, coordinated and consolidated. Second result international research related to three subgroups of drivers that constitute a significantly increased safety risk can inform future directions for traffic psychology in Brazil. Psychological processes that may underlie these risk increases are discussed. Second conclusion two subgroups (young drivers and aggressive drivers) could benefit from more than assessment, they could benefit from specific psychological interventions. The third subgroup (elderly drivers) is expected to increase significantly in the future, which asks for clearer policies, with a significant input form psychologists and psychological research.
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Батанина, Е. А., А. Н. Бородин, О. Л. Домнина, and А. Е. Пластинин. "Determination of areas of concentration of transport accidents with the participation of ships in the Republic of Tatarstan." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 4(50) (November 21, 2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2020.50.4.022.
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В статье решается задача по определению границ участков концентрации транспортных происшествий с участием судов на реках Волге и Каме в границах республики Татарстан. Для этого создана база данных по транспортным происшествиям с участием различных видов флота за период наблюдения с 2007 по 2018 гг. Методика определения границ участков концентрации транспортных происшествий основывается на расчете плотности транспортных происшествий на участках с различными условиями формирования рисков и сравнении ее с усредненным количеством транспортных происшествий на исследуемых участках водного пути, а также последующей проверке гипотезы о нормальности эмпирического распределения количества транспортных происшествий на участках с повышенной плотностью транспортных происшествий. Границы участков определены при уровне значимости равном 0,05. В результате выполненных исследований выявлено наличие 13 участков концентрации транспортных происшествий на рассматриваемых водных объектах, установлено наличие значительных смещений границ участков концентрации транспортных происшествий на реке Волге при рассмотрении различных периодов наблюдения с 1980 по 2018 гг., сделаны предложения по практическому применению полученных результатов и дальнейшему совершенствованию методики определения границ участков концентрации транспортных происшествий в части применения методов непараметрической статистики, вариантов оценки плотности транспортных происшествий и учета субъектов Российской Федерации. The article solves the problem of determining the boundaries of areas of concentration of transport accidents involving ships on the Volga and Kama rivers within the borders of the Republic of Tatarstan. For this purpose, a database was created on transport accidents involving various types of fleet for the observation period from 2007 to 2018. The method for determining the boundaries of traffic accident concentration areas is based on calculating the traffic accident density in areas with different risk formation conditions and comparing it with the average number of traffic accidents in the studied sections of the waterway, as well as subsequent testing of the hypothesis about the normality of the empirical distribution of the number of traffic accidents in areas with high traffic accident density. Plot boundaries are defined at a significance level of 0.05. As a result of performed studies revealed the presence of 13 areas of concentration of accidents in the considered water bodies, the presence of significant movement of boundaries of the areas of concentration of traffic accidents on the Volga river when considering different time periods from 1980 to 2018 made suggestions on the practical application of the obtained results and the further improvement of a technique of definition of boundaries of the areas of concentration of accidents in the application of methods of nonparametric statistics, options for assessing the density of traffic accidents and accounting for the subjects of the Russian Federation.
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Jeong, Jung Sik, Gyei-Kark Park, and Kwang Il Kim. "Risk Assessment Model of Maritime Traffic in Time-Variant CPA Environments in Waterway." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 16, no. 7 (November 20, 2012): 866–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2012.p0866.
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This paper proposes a quantitative model for assessing collision risk for maritime traffic in waterways. The proposed method reflects recent maritime traffic characteristics under in time-variant CPA environments in waterways and models a dynamic causation factor as a risk indicator. To eliminate an uncertainty by human factors causing maritime accidents, the proposed model combines maritime accident statistics and weather records with spatial and temporal distribution determined on the basis of recent and real data for ship movements. Because our method reflects the characteristics of recent ship movements in the water area, it can be complementarily used with the conventional model using Bayesian Belief Network (BBN).
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Hayakawa, Hiroshi, Paul S. Fischbeck, and Baruch Fischhoff. "Traffic accident statistics and risk perceptions in Japan and the United States." Accident Analysis & Prevention 32, no. 6 (November 2000): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4575(00)00007-5.
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Baniya, Sujeeta, and Arati Timilsina. "Knowledge and Practice of Road Safety Rules and Regulations among Secondary School Students." Prithvi Academic Journal 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/paj.v1i1.25897.
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Road traffic accidents are increasing in alarming ways. During adolescence period driving for curiosity, careless driving, and peer pressure are most common resulting high road traffic accidents. The main objective of the study was to explore the knowledge and practice of road safety rules and regulations. A descriptive cross sectional study design was used to conduct the study. Non-probability quota sampling technique was used to select 240 respondents from 800 students of class 11 and 12 from Pokhara Secondary School. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the information from respondents. The obtained data was entered on SPSS 16 version program and analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that more than half (59.2%) of the respondents had moderately adequate knowledge. Nearly three-forth (70.4%) of the respondents had average practice as a pedestrian and 75.7 percent of the respondents as a driver had average practice. Only 7.5 percent of the respondents were exposed to road traffic accident and high speed was the main cause of accident. More than three quarter (75.7%) had always driven vehicles without license. There was significant association (p=0.034) between the faculty of respondents (science and management) and level of knowledge of respondents on road safety rules and regulations. The study concluded that there was moderate level of knowledge and average level of practice of both drivers and pedestrians on road safety rules and regulations among secondary school students. It therefore suggests awareness programs on road safety rules and regulations are significant or school students to promote safety.
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Wang, Si Shuan. "Mathematical Modeling is Occupied Lane Road Access to the City 's Ability to Influence when the Accident." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2107.
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With the development of cities, the traffic problem is getting attention , including a wide variety of lane blocking traffic problem is one of the major problems , such as car accidents , construction and other Jeeves , Jeeves research questions have lane is occupied impact on urban road capacity help science to solve these problems , this study had an accident when two easy-to-understand model to solve the problem in question . For question one and question two , we established a model of the actual capacity will be standardized different vehicles , and statistics in the video pcu amount of data analyzed by the choice of the trigonometric curve fitting using cftool Toolbox obtained as a function of the actual capacity and time , and finally by analyzing the relationship between the relevant factors and the number of vehicles in different lanes , traffic signal mechanism to complete the first two questions . For questions three and four problems , we established a mathematical model of the length of the traffic jam , traffic jams build road capacity and the actual length of the upstream traffic , traffic jam quantitative function of time , the same amount through the video pcu statistics , curve fitting , determine the unknown parameters to obtain the corresponding function , and using the prediction and analysis functions . The data given in the problem into three of the four models, solve for T equal to about 5.5 minutes . Model for the inevitable disadvantages , we try to model the new extension partly solved.
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Uhlmann, Julius. "Comparison of Road Traffic Death and Injury Rates at Pedestrian Crossings in Europe." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 16, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2021-16.521.
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For this study, accident statistics of 14 European countries were analysed for the number of fatalities and injuries occurring at pedestrian crossings from 2015 to 2017. The road traffic death rate (killed per 1 million inhabitants) and the road traffic injury rate (injured per 1 million inhabitants) at pedestrian crossings were calculated and compared. It was found that there are large differences between the European countries: The road traffic death rate at pedestrian crossings is the lowest in Great Britain and Germany and the highest in Poland and Lithuania. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between road traffic death and injury rates at pedestrian crossings.
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Vogt, Andrew, and Joe Bared. "Accident Models for Two-Lane Rural Segments and Intersections." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1635, no. 1 (January 1998): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1635-03.
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Data collected from the states of Minnesota and Washington on rural two-lane highways are used to build accident models for segments and three-legged and four-legged intersections stop-controlled on the minor legs. The quantity, quality, and variety of data collected, together with the advanced techniques applied in the analysis, make this study of special interest. Variables include traffic, horizontal and vertical alignments, lane and shoulder widths, roadside hazard rating, channelization, and number of driveways. Models are of negative binomial and extended negative binomial form and yield R2 values from 0.42 to 0.73 and overdispersion parameters from 0.20 to 0.51. A segment model combining both states and including state as a variable, and intersection models derived from Minnesota data, are featured, along with summary statistics, goodness-of-fit measures, and cross-validation between the states. Segment accidents depend significantly on most of the roadway variables collected, while intersection accidents depend primarily on traffic. The study recommends development of adjustment factors for different regions and times and further development of extended negative binomial models.