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Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic accidents Costs Mathematical models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

MOUSSA, NAJEM. "SIMULATION STUDY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN BIDIRECTIONAL TRAFFIC MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 21, no. 12 (December 2010): 1501–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183110016007.

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Conditions for the occurrence of bidirectional collisions are developed based on the Simon–Gutowitz bidirectional traffic model. Three types of dangerous situations can occur in this model. We analyze those corresponding to head-on collision; rear-end collision and lane-changing collision. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the probability of the occurrence of these collisions for different values of the oncoming cars' density. It is found that the risk of collisions is important when the density of cars in one lane is small and that of the other lane is high enough. The influence of di

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Shiau, Yau-Ren, Ching-Hsing Tsai, Yung-Hsiang Hung, and Yu-Ting Kuo. "The Application of Data Mining Technology to Build a Forecasting Model for Classification of Road Traffic Accidents." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/170635.

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With the ever-increasing number of vehicles on the road, traffic accidents have also increased, resulting in the loss of lives and properties, as well as immeasurable social costs. The environment, time, and region influence the occurrence of traffic accidents. The life and property loss is expected to be reduced by improving traffic engineering, education, and administration of law and advocacy. This study observed 2,471 traffic accidents which occurred in central Taiwan from January to December 2011 and used the Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) of Feature Selection to screen the important

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Retallack, Angus Eugene, and Bertram Ostendorf. "Relationship Between Traffic Volume and Accident Frequency at Intersections." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041393.

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Driven by the high social costs and emotional trauma that result from traffic accidents around the world, research into understanding the factors that influence accident occurrence is critical. There is a lack of consensus about how the management of congestion may affect traffic accidents. This paper aims to improve our understanding of this relationship by analysing accidents at 120 intersections in Adelaide, Australia. Data comprised of 1629 motor vehicle accidents with traffic volumes from a dataset of more than five million hourly measurements. The effect of rainfall was also examined. Re

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Setiawan, Herry, and Amsar Yunan. "Classification of Walking Cars and Pedestrians for the use of Automatic Incident Detection as an Effort to Reduce Risk of Accidents on the Highway." Jurnal Inotera 5, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol5.iss1.2020.id98.

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Traffic problems become very important to minimize the number of accidents. Recorded in 2017, the death toll from accidents reached 703 people. While in 2018 503 people died or fell by 28%. This figure is considered to be the third largest killer, under coronary heart disease and tuberculosis / tuberculosis. Among several causes of accidents such as against the flow of traffic, stops on the road, pedestrians and speeds that are too low compared to other vehicles. Even though the traffic signs are already installed. The low level of awareness of road users will increase the number of accidents.

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TSENG, JIE-JUN, MING-JER LEE, and SAI-PING LI. "HEAVY-TAILED DISTRIBUTIONS IN FATAL TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: ROLE OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES." International Journal of Modern Physics C 20, no. 08 (August 2009): 1281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183109014345.

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Human activities can play a crucial role in the statistical properties of observables in many complex systems such as social, technological, and economic systems. We demonstrate this by looking into the heavy-tailed distributions of observables in fatal plane and car accidents. Their origin is examined and can be understood as stochastic processes that are related to human activities. Simple mathematical models are proposed to illustrate such processes and compared with empirical results obtained from existing databanks.

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Borucka, Anna, Edward Kozłowski, Piotr Oleszczuk, and Andrzej Świderski. "Predictive analysis of the impact of the time of day on road accidents in Poland." Open Engineering 11, no. 1 (December 12, 2020): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2021-0017.

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AbstractThe steady increase in the number of road users and their growing mobility mean that the issue of road safety is still a topical one. Analyses of factors influencing the number of road traffic accidents contribute to the improvement of road safety. Because changes in traffic volume follow a daily rhythm, hour of the day is an important factor affecting the number of crashes. The present article identifies selected mathematical models which can be used to describe the number of road traffic accidents as a function of the time of their occurrence during the day. The study of the seasonal

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Povalyaev, S., and O. Saraiev. "MODELING OF THE MECHANISM OF VEHICLE OVERTURNING IN THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.24.

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The development of mathematical models of vehicle overturning has been given significant attention by many researchers because of the need to obtain reliable information on the circumstances of road traffic accidents. Research of road traffic accidents with the overturning of vehicles is related with the difficulty to determinate the mechanism of overturning, because expert calculation methods do not always use the adapted mathematical models. Most of the methods focus on determining the minimum (critical) speed of vehicles, which leads to its overturning. However, the real speed of vehicles b

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MOUSSA, NAJEM. "DANGEROUS SITUATIONS IN TWO-LANE TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 16, no. 07 (July 2005): 1133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183105007790.

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This paper investigates the probability of car accidents (PCA) in two-lane traffic flow models. We introduce new conditions for the occurrence of dangerous situations (DS) caused by an unexpected lane changing vehicles. Two different lane changing rules are considered, say symmetric and asymmetric. For the symmetric rules, we investigate the influence of the Nagel–Schreckenberg parameters such as the maximal speed, the randomization probability, …, on the PCA when vehicle moves forward or changes lanes. It is found that the forward PCA is as likely as that in one-lane traffic model. As regards

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Kurganov, V. M., M. V. Gryaznov, and K. A. Davydov. "CITY-FORMING ENTERPRISES: RELIABILITY AND REDUCED COSTS OF THE PASSENGERS’ TRANSPORTATION." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 17, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2020-17-1-98-109.

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Introduction. The paper substantiates the relevance of reducing costs for regular passenger traffic and increasing their reliability in relation to cities with city-forming enterprises. The organizational and technological specificity of the regular route network of urban transport in such cities is disclosed. The authors propose a method for organizing regular transportation routes based on a rational combination of basic routes that require boarding and disembarking passengers only at stopping points and backup routes with boarding and disembarking passengers in any place not prohibited by t

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Islam, Md Mazharul, Majed Alharthi, and Md Mahmudul Alam. "The Impacts of Climate Change on Road Traffic Accidents in Saudi Arabia." Climate 7, no. 9 (August 30, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7090103.

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The potential costs of road traffic accidents (RTAs) to society are immense. Yet, no study has attempted to examine the impact of climate change on RTAs in Saudi Arabia, though RTA-leading deaths are very high, and the occurrence of climatic events is very frequent. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of climate change on RTAs in Saudi Arabia and to recommend some climate change mitigation and adaptation policies to make roads safe for all. This study employed annual data from 13 regions of Saudi Arabia, from 2003 to 2013. The data were analyzed on the basis of panel regression mod

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Patriksson, Michael. "Robust bi-level optimization models in transportation science." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1872 (March 10, 2008): 1989–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0007.

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Mathematical programmes with equilibrium constraints (MPECs) constitute important modelling tools for network flow problems, as they place ‘what-if’ analyses in a proper mathematical framework. We consider a class of stochastic MPEC traffic models that explicitly incorporate possible uncertainties in travel costs and demands. In stochastic programming terminology, we consider ‘here-and-now’ models where decisions must be made before observing the uncertain parameter values and the responses of the network users; the objective is to minimize the expectation of the upper-level objective function

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Jacyna-Gołda, Ilona, Jolanta Żak, and Piotr Gołębiowski. "MODELS OF TRAFFIC FLOW DISTRIBUTION FOR VARIOUS SCENARIOS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROECOLOGICAL TRANSPORT SYSTEM." Archives of Transport 32, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/08669546.1146994.

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The paper is a result of a research work concerning the development of an environmentally friendly transport system - Project EMITRANSYS. The publication contains the issues of shaping the transport system, where important factor due to the aspect of sustainable development is including the external costs in transport activity. This paper presents a mathematical model of the distribution of the traffic flow in the transport network. The paper presents selected aspects of the problem of multi-variant distribution of the traffic stream on the network transport for defined scenarios for the trans

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Jabłonka, Jarosław. "The analysis of exigencies of priority of crossing at intersections from the game theory's point of view." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 6 (September 7, 2018): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.047.

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The assumption that each road participant adheres to the rules, ideally adapts his behavior to the prevailing road conditions, is unrealistic, and as the basis for taking action can lead to collisions and accidents. The article presents the theoretical models allowing to understand the behavior of drivers who deliberately enforce the priority of passing, and their only motivation is the shortest travel time through the intersection. Two types of situations at crossroads are considered: with guided and non-guided traffic with the STOP sign. The presented mathematical models are illustrated by t

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Budzyński, Marcin, Kazimierz Jamroz, Łukasz Jeliński, and Anna Gobis. "The Effects of Roadside Hazards on Road Accident Severity." Journal of KONBiN 49, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2019-0038.

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Abstract The risk of becoming involved in an accident emerges when elements of the transport system do not operate properly (man – vehicle – road – roadside). The road, its traffic layout and safety equipment have a critical impact on road user safety. This gives infrastructural work a priority in road safety strategies and programmes. Run-off-road accidents continue to be one of the biggest problems of road safety with consequences including vehicle roll-over or hitting a roadside object. This type of incident represents more than 20% of rural accidents and about 18% of all road deaths in Pol

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HWANG, Taesung, Minho LEE, Chungwon LEE, and Seungmo KANG. "META-HEURISTIC APPROACH FOR HIGH-DEMAND FACILITY LOCATIONS CONSIDERING TRAFFIC CONGESTION AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 24, no. 4 (December 16, 2016): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2016.1198261.

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Large facilities in urban areas, such as storage facilities, distribution centers, schools, department stores, or public service centers, typically generate high volumes of accessing traffic, causing congestion and becoming major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. In conventional facility-location models, only facility construction costs and fixed transportation costs connecting customers and facilities are included, without consideration of traffic congestion and the subsequent GHG emission costs. This study proposes methods to find high-demand facility locations with incorporation of

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Ma, Lu, and Xuedong Yan. "Assessing Traffic Accident Occurrence of Road Segments through an Optimized Decision Rule." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/592626.

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Statistical models for estimating the safety status of transportation facilities have received great attention in the last two decades. These models also perform an important role in transportation safety planning as well as diagnoses of locations with high accident risks. However, the current methods largely rely on regression analyses and therefore they could ignore the multicollinearity characteristics of factors, which may provide additional information for enhancing the performance of forecasting models. This study seeks to develop more precise models for forecasting safety status as well

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Wang, Si Shuan. "Mathematical Modeling is Occupied Lane Road Access to the City 's Ability to Influence when the Accident." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2107.

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With the development of cities, the traffic problem is getting attention , including a wide variety of lane blocking traffic problem is one of the major problems , such as car accidents , construction and other Jeeves , Jeeves research questions have lane is occupied impact on urban road capacity help science to solve these problems , this study had an accident when two easy-to-understand model to solve the problem in question . For question one and question two , we established a model of the actual capacity will be standardized different vehicles , and statistics in the video pcu amount of d

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Tian, Zhun. "Investigating Impact of Speed on Traffic Safety using Collision Prediction Model." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.482.

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Motor vehicle speed is a risk factor contributing to many road accidents which result in significant social and economic costs. Although a review of previous research shows that the literature is extensive on the impact of speed on traffic safety, the majority of previous researches mainly focused on rural roads while rarely on urban roads. It is crucial that the relationship between speed and road collisions should be investigated in urban areas because of the fact that a high ratio of collisions is occurred on urban roads. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of motor vehi

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van Gils, Paul, Eelco Over, Anita Suijkerbuijk, Joran Lokkerbol, and Ardine de Wit. "PP017 Social Cost Benefit Analysis Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Alcohol And Cannabis Addiction." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002082.

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INTRODUCTION:Due to their chronic nature and high prevalence, alcohol and cannabis addiction leads to a significant (disease) burden and high costs, both for those involved and for society. The latter includes effects on health care, quality of life, employment, criminality, education, social security, violence in the public and private domain, and traffic accidents. In the Netherlands, a considerable number of people with an alcohol or cannabis addiction currently do not receive addiction care. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective as a treatment for both alcohol and cannabis addict

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Akgüngör, Ali Payıdar, and Erdem Doğan. "AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT APPROACH TO TRAFFIC ACCIDENT ESTIMATION: MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION." TRANSPORT 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.135-142.

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This study proposes an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) model to estimate the number of accidents (A), fatalities (F) and injuries (I) in Ankara, Turkey, utilizing the data obtained between 1986 and 2005. For model development, the number of vehicles (N), fatalities, injuries, accidents and population (P) were selected as model parameters. In the ANN model, the sigmoid and linear functions were used as activation functions with the feed forward‐back propagation algorithm. In the GA approach, two forms of genetic algorithm models including a linear and an expon

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Mutlu Aydin, Metin, and Ali Topal. "EFFECTS OF PAVEMENT SURFACE DEFORMATIONS ON TRAFFIC FLOW." Transport 34, no. 3 (February 27, 2019): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.8631.

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Pavement surface deformations have a significant effect on speed profile of vehicles and traffic flow conditions. These deformations limit driving properties and increase vehicle operation and maintenance costs. Additionally, they cause many problems such as accidents, slower movement speeds, capacity loss and severe discomfort states. There are many factors having an effect on road capacities and they vary according to different road and traffic flow conditions. In this study, it is aimed to investigate and develop models to estimate shockwave and bottleneck forming, capacity loss and speed r

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Brdulak, Jacek, and Piotr Pawlak. "Enterprise in the economic calculus of the impact of road investments." Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie 42, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0152.

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Development of infrastructure results in reduction of costs of transportation. It is a significant factor that influences both supply and demand side of production. By lowering the costs of transportation, production companies benefit, together with transport companies, who lower their own costs and thus they can be more competitive on the market of services. The article contains an analysis of mathematical and statistical methods used to measure and evaluate the effects of road investments. Gravity and potential, index and generated traffic models have been discussed. Assessment of the profit

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Mikolaj, Jan, Lubos Remek, and Marian Macula. "Asphalt Concrete Overlay Optimization Based on Pavement Performance Models." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6063508.

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The life cycle length of pavement with asphalt concrete material (ACM) surfacing is significantly influenced, in addition to transport loading and climatic conditions, by design method and rehabilitation timing. Appropriate overlay thickness calculation and estimation of optimal rehabilitation time are crucial to maximizing life cycle length and, concurrently, reducing road administration costs and road user costs. This article describes a comprehensive method of ACM rehabilitation design. For optimization of life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) based design, mathematical analytical solution in com

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Kim, Soon Ho, Jong Won Kim, Hyun-Chae Chung, Gyoo-Jae Choi, and MooYoung Choi. "Behavioral Dynamics of Pedestrians Crossing between Two Moving Vehicles." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 26, 2020): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030859.

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This study examines the human behavioral dynamics of pedestrians crossing a street with vehicular traffic. To this end, an experiment was constructed in which human participants cross a road between two moving vehicles in a virtual reality setting. A mathematical model is developed in which the position is given by a simple function. The model is used to extract information on each crossing by performing root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) minimization of the function from the data. By isolating the parameter adjusted to gap features, we find that the subjects primarily changed the timing of the

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Kukharchyk, A. G. "TRANSPORT TASK OF OPTIMIZATION OF COSTS WITH MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).157-163.

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In the article, the questions of cost optimization in solving the transport problem using mathematical models are considered. A group of criteria that have the greatest influence in solving the transport problem is determined. The mathematical model of the transport problem allows us to describe a multitude of situations that arise in multimodal transport. The formulation of the goal is optimization - a task more economical, on the other - knowledge of economic and mathematical methods can more effectively solve this problem. The rationale for choosing an optimization criterion is a procedure

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Budzyński, Marcin, Kazimierz Jamroz, and Wojciech Kustra. "Road safety inspection as a tool for road safety management – the polish experience." Journal of KONBiN 42, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jok-2017-0017.

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Abstract In Poland, road inspections were implemented in June 2014 on all national roads. Previous traffic surveys mainly looked at the technical condition of roads, signs and markings; other safety issues were overlooked. The main problem of the inspections is that the qualitative assessment is subjective which affects the classification of the sources of hazard on the road. The paper presents an analysis of the variability of the qualitative assessments of road defects when they are assessed by different teams of inspectors. On this basis, guidelines were developed for the classification of

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Li, Na, and Jian Xin Liu. "A New Computer Simulation of Neck Injury Biomechanics." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.339.

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Head and neck injuries are the most frequent severe injury resulting from traffic accidents. Neck injury mechanisms are difficult to study experimentally due to the variety of impact conditions involved, as well as ethical issues, such as the use of human cadavers and animals. Finite element analysis is a comprehensive computer aided mathematical method through which human head and neck impact tolerance can be investigated. Detailed cervical spine models are necessary to better understand cervical spine response to loading, improve our understanding of injury mechanisms, and specifically for p

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Pečeliūnas, Robertas, and Olegas Prentkovskis. "Influence of Shock-Absorber Parameters on Vehicle Vibrations during Braking." Solid State Phenomena 113 (June 2006): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.113.235.

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The main goals of the work are to define consistent patterns of impacts exercised by vibration of the vehicle in emergency braking on the vehicle’s movement mode and on the braking distance and to analyze the formation of oscillation. Besides, it is aimed to extend expert’s opportunities for modeling vehicle movement for investigation of accidents’ circumstances related to vehicle braking with the aid of the developed models. A mathematical model of impact exercised by bumper’s characteristics on the vehicle’s braking process has been designed, enabling the determination of coefficients of lon

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Mirbaha, Babak, and Fatemeh Mohajeri. "Investigating the Strategies for Reducing Motorcycle Mode Choice in Urban Trips: Case Study of Tehran City." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 10 (May 12, 2019): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119842109.

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Motorcycles in Iran, especially in metropolises such as Tehran, are used extensively for various reasons such as low maintenance costs, high maneuverability, and the possibility of entering congestion priced zones without paying a toll. Nevertheless, motorcycles are involved in 25% of accidents and produce almost 30% of air and 50% of noise pollution in Tehran. Current research aims to investigate possible scenarios for reducing the use of motorcycles in Tehran’s traffic and transportation master plan strategies. After designing the scenarios, a stated preference method is used for gathering t

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Et. al., Aikumbekov Muslim,. "Determination And Evaluation Of The Minimum Allowable Train Headway Value At The Coordinate Traffic Control Method." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 3356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.2396.

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In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the volume of traffic. According to experts ' forecasts, the demand for product transportation will continue to increase. Meanwhile, the supply for the capacity of the lines is actually exhausted. Therefore, the most important task of railway transport in the near future will be to increase the carrying capacity and capacity.Increasing the carrying capacity of railway transport can be achieved by: increasing the average speed of trains, building additional tracks, increasing the length and weight of freight trains, reducing inter-train inter

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Burkhalter, Marcel, and Bryan T. Adey. "Modelling the Complex Relationship between Interventions, Interventions Costs and the Service Provided When Evaluating Intervention Programs on Railway Infrastructure Networks." Infrastructures 5, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures5120113.

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Determining the interventions, e.g., maintenance, renewal, improvement and extension, to be included in an infrastructure program requires the consideration of the asset, intervention, traffic, and network characteristics. This, in turn, requires the development of an appropriate system model enabling the construction of straightforward optimisation models. Although there are already a considerable number of such system models in the literature, improved modelling of the complex relationships between interventions, intervention costs and the service provided by the infrastructure network is po

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Zilioniene, Daiva, Donatas Cygas, and Kastytis Dundulis. "Solutions of Gravel Road Renovation Based on Certain Local Conditions in Lithuania." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-34.

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The Lithuanian state road network consists of more than 21,000 km of roads, and gravel roads dominate (43.3%). While the 1998–2000 Paving of Gravel Roads Program was being implemented, there were a few issues in estimating investments that could determine the implementation alternatives of the rehabilitation project. Total costs of renovated gravel roads depended on the climate and geological and hydrological conditions of a location as well as traffic and gravel road characteristics. Roads, like engineering buildings, have to be of sufficient strength and durability, and they should correspon

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Kadirov, A., A. Kadirova, and R. Abdeev. "STRUCTURIZATION AND MODELLING OF TECHNICAL DEVICES OF HAZARDOUS PRODUCTION FACILITIES." Technical science and innovation 2020, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-01.20.1-77-0046.

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Every year, the problem of industrial safety is becoming increasingly relevant. The effective industrial safety management system (ISMS) organization becomes especially important for nuclear energy, chemical, petrochemical, oil and gas, mining, metallurgical industries, coal mines and other industries, including enterprises with hazardous production facilities (HPF). Any violation of operating modes, unaccounted technological and operational defects can lead to serious consequences and accidents, accompanied by significant material costs and technological disasters. An important place among th

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Lord, Dominique, and Bhagwant N. Persaud. "Accident Prediction Models With and Without Trend: Application of the Generalized Estimating Equations Procedure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1717, no. 1 (January 2000): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1717-13.

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Accident prediction models (APMs) are useful tools for estimating the expected number of accidents on entities such as intersections and road sections. These estimates typically are used in the identification of sites for possible safety treatment and in the evaluation of such treatments. An APM is, in essence, a mathematical equation that expresses the average accident frequency of a site as a function of traffic flow and other site characteristics. The reliability of an APM estimate is enhanced if the APM is based on data for as many years as possible, especially if data for those same years

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Li, Wenjun, Lidong Tan, and Ciyun Lin. "Modeling driver behavior in the dilemma zone based on stochastic model predictive control." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): e0247453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247453.

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Driver behavior is considered one of the most important factors in the genesis of dilemma zones and the safety of driver-vehicle-environment systems. An accurate driver behavior model can improve the traffic signal control efficiency and decrease traffic accidents in signalized intersections. This paper uses a mathematical modeling method to study driver behavior in a dilemma zone based on stochastic model predictive control (SMPC), along with considering the dynamic characteristics of human cognition and execution, aiming to provide a feasible solution for modeling driver behavior more accura

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Varotto, Silvia F., Haneen Farah, Tomer Toledo, Bart van Arem, and Serge P. Hoogendoorn. "Resuming Manual Control or Not?: Modeling Choices of Control Transitions in Full-Range Adaptive Cruise Control." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2622, no. 1 (January 2017): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2622-04.

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Automated vehicles and driving assistance systems such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) are expected to reduce traffic congestion, accidents, and levels of emissions. Field operational tests have found that drivers may prefer to deactivate ACC in dense traffic flow conditions and before changing lanes. Despite the potential effects of these control transitions on traffic flow efficiency and safety, most mathematical models evaluating the impact of ACC do not adequately represent that process. This research aimed to identify the main factors influencing drivers’ choice to resume manual control.

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Zissis, Dimitris, Emel Aktas, and Michael Bourlakis. "Collaboration in urban distribution of online grocery orders." International Journal of Logistics Management 29, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 1196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-11-2017-0303.

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Purpose Population growth, urbanisation and the increased use of online shopping are some of the key challenges affecting the traditional logistics model. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the distribution of grocery products ordered online and the subsequent home delivery and click and collect services offered by online retailers to fulfil these orders. These services are unsustainable due to increased operational costs, carbon emissions, traffic and noise. The main objective of the research is to propose sustainable logistics models to reduce economic, environmental and social costs w

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Shemelova, O. V., E. V. Yakovleva, T. G. Makuseva, I. I. Eremina, and O. N. Makusev. "Solving optimization problems when designing power supply circuits." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912404011.

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One of the quickly developing trends in the optimization of electric power grids is system development of operation and optimization of branch circuits which are based on linear programming problems. One of its categories is traffic problem. The paper discusses the formulation of various types of transport optimization problems used in the design of the most efficient power supply systems in the real sector of economy. The construction of arithmetic models of problems is carried out. Their optimality criterion is cost minimization for the design of electrical network diagrams consisting of pow

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Garmani, Hamid, Driss Ait Omar, Mohamed El Amrani, Mohamed Baslam, and Mostafa Jourhmane. "The Effect of Caching on CP and ISP Policies in Information-Centric Networks." Mobile Information Systems 2020 (October 30, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8895271.

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Internet traffic volume is increasing, and this causes scalability issues in content delivery. Information-centric network has been introduced to support this increase in Internet traffic through caching. While collaborative caching in information-centric network is a crucial feature to improve network performance and reduce delivery costs in content distribution, the current pricing strategies on the Internet are not incentive compatible with information-centric network interconnection. In this paper, we focus on the economic incentive interactions in caching deployment between several types

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Hashimoto, Kohjiro, Tetsuyasu Yamada, Takeshi Tsuchiya, Kae Doki, Yuki Funabora, and Shinji Doki. "Detection of contributing object to driving operations based on hidden Markov model." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 172988141987679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419876794.

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With increase in the number of elderly people in the Japanese society, traffic accidents caused by elderly driver is considered problematic. The primary factor of the traffic accidents is a reduction in their driving cognitive performance. Therefore, a system that supports the cognitive performance of drivers can greatly contribute in preventing accidents. Recently, the development of devices for visually providing information, such as smart glasses or head up display, is in progress. These devices can provide more effective supporting information for cognitive performance. In this article, we

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Noori Hekmat, Somayeh, Reza Dehnavieh, Saeed Norouzi, Ebrahim Bameh, and Atousa Poursheikhali. "Is There Any Relationship between Mental Health and Driving Behavior of Taxi Drivers in Kerman?" Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 2 (September 12, 2016): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n2p294.

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<p>Traffic accidents are the main reason of disability and the second reason of mortality in Iran. Therefore finding out the effective factors is vital. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between mental health and taxi drivers’ behavior in Kerman. This is a cross-sectional descriptive research in which Manchester driving behavior questionnaire (MDBQ) and “general health questionnaire (GHQ)” were used. The questionnaires were distributed between 186 taxi drivers during February and March 2015. Our study was conducted in the province of Kerman in the east south of Iran. W

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Gençer, Hüseyin, and M. Hulusi Demir. "An Overview of Empty Container Repositioning Studies and Research Opportunities." Business and Management Horizons 7, no. 1 (April 16, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v7i1.14670.

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The imbalances in world trade also affect container traffic and lead to large differences in import and export rates of many locations. As a consequence of this, the surplus containers are repositioned to locations where they are required, which causes high costs. Many studies in the literature have addressed this issue from different aspects. This study examines the studies and trends in empty container repositioning (ECR) practices and reveals the missing research areas in the literature. It discusses the mathematical models developed in the literature and addresses real-life applications of

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Mohabbati-Kalejahi, Nasrin, and Alexander Vinel. "Robust Hazardous Materials Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Design with Emergency Response Teams Location." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2675, no. 6 (February 12, 2021): 306–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198121992071.

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Hazardous materials (hazmat) storage and transportation pose threats to people’s safety and the environment, which creates a need for governments and local authorities to regulate such shipments. This paper proposes a novel mathematical model for what is termed the hazmat closed-loop supply chain network design problem. The model, which can be viewed as a way to combine several directions previously considered in the literature, includes two echelons in the forward direction (production and distribution centers), three echelons in the backward direction (collection, recovery, and disposal cent

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Venediktov, G. L., and V. M. Kochetkov. "Comprehensive optimization of passenger trains operation based on an automated system for managing the profitability of passenger traffic." VNIIZHT Scientific Journal 79, no. 6 (February 27, 2021): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2020-79-6-343-350.

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The article is devoted to solving the problem of optimizing the tariff policy, which is relevant for the passenger complex, with the most rational use of the rolling stock. Principles of economic and mathematical modeling are presented in order to determine the optimal number of cars in passenger trains and prices for travel in a single calculation process called complex optimization. Developed models make it possible to form optimal train schemes in accordance with the predicted demand, balancing supply and demand for transportation, which, in turn, radically increases its economic efficiency

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Bondarenko, E. V., D. A. Dryuchin, and S. V. Bulatov. "EVALUATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF ORGANIZING INCOMING QUALITY CONTROL OF SPARE PARTS IN A MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 2 (2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-2-71.

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The efficiency of vehicle operation largely depends on the quality of the spare parts used in the maintenance and repair of vehicles. The significance of the factor under consideration is determined by the complex influence on the economic indicators of vehicle operation and on traffic safety indicators. One of the measures aimed at improving the efficiency of operation is the organization of input quality control of spare parts. The costs of conducting and technological complexity of the input control vary significantly for different controlled objects, the effect of its implementation is amb

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Gong, Intaek, Kyungho Lee, Jaewon Kim, Yunhong Min, and KwangSup Shin. "Optimizing Vehicle Routing for Simultaneous Delivery and Pick-Up Considering Reusable Transporting Containers: Case of Convenience Stores." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 4162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124162.

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Previous studies have proposed various frameworks and algorithms to optimize routes to reduce total transportation cost, which accounts for over 29.4% of overall logistics costs. However, it is very hard to find cases in which mathematical models or algorithms are applied to practical business environment cases which require reusable packaging, especially daily operating logistics services like convenience store support systems. Most previous studies have considered developing an optimal algorithm which can solve the mathematical problem within a practical amount of time while satisfying all c

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Xiao, Junchao, Hao Wu, and Xiangxue Li. "Internet of Things Meets Vehicles: Sheltering In-Vehicle Network through Lightweight Machine Learning." Symmetry 11, no. 11 (November 8, 2019): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11111388.

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An internet of vehicles allows intelligent automobiles to interchange messages with other cars, traffic management departments, and data analysis companies about vehicle identification, accident detection, and danger warnings. The implementation of these features requires Internet of Things system support. Smart cars are generally equipped with many (hundreds or even thousands of) sensors and microcomputers so that drivers gain more information about travel. The connection between the in-vehicle network and the Internet can be leveraged by the attackers in a malicious manner and thus increases

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Semchenko, N. "RESEARCH OF THE ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACT ON THE AUTOMOBILIZATION LEVEL." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 159 (November 27, 2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-161-168.

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Mortality from road accidents continues to rise, amounting to 1.35 million deaths per year. It is emphasized that today injuries as a result of road accidents are the main cause of children death and young people aged 5-29 years and the three main causes of person’s death aged 5 to 44 years. Studies of road safety various aspects in different countries have shown that the world has long and steadily formed a global problem of irregular road accidents. First of all, the inverse dependence of the emergency risk on the material well-being of countries is clearly visible. The risk of death as a re

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Tufail, Ali, Abdallah Namoun, Adnan Ahmed Abi Sen, Ki-Hyung Kim, Ahmed Alrehaili, and Arshad Ali. "Moisture Computing-Based Internet of Vehicles (IoV) Architecture for Smart Cities." Sensors 21, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 3785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113785.

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Recently, the concept of combining ‘things’ on the Internet to provide various services has gained tremendous momentum. Such a concept has also impacted the automotive industry, giving rise to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). IoV enables Internet connectivity and communication between smart vehicles and other devices on the network. Shifting the computing towards the edge of the network reduces communication delays and provides various services instantly. However, both distributed (i.e., edge computing) and central computing (i.e., cloud computing) architectures suffer from several inherent iss

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Chen, Wan-Hui, Chih-Yung Lin, and Ji-Liang Doong. "Effects of Interface Workload of In-Vehicle Information Systems on Driving Safety." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1937, no. 1 (January 2005): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193700111.

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Driver distraction and lack of awareness of the driving situation are major causes of accidents in the urban areas in Taiwan; failing to obey traffic signals is the third leading accident cause. Numerous innovative in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) could be used collectively to provide drivers with a variety of information, such as messages from intersection collision warning systems (ICWS) by way of different in-vehicle interfaces. How the different IVIS interfaces influence driver workload and safety is always an important issue. This study investigates the effects of auditory ICWS messa

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