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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traffic Information Service Broadcast'
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Antonsson, Daniel. "A server application for Traffic Information Service : Broadcast." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1606.
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The need for increased safety and efficiency in civil aviation is pushing the introduction of Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B). The basic principle of ADS-B is that each aircraft is able to communicate its position and status over a radio data link to surrounding aircraft. In this way each aircraft obtains a detailed picture of the surrounding traffic. During a period of transition from today's radar surveillance to ADS-B many aircraft will not be equipped with the new data link technology and will therefore be invisible to the ADS-B equipped aircraft. The Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B) has been conceived to be the solution to this problem. TIS-B is defined as a broadcast surveillance service in which data from the ordinary ground radar system is transmitted from a ground station to airborne systems, providing an air situation picture of the non-ADS-B stations.
The topics of this thesis are the definition and implementation of a TIS-B server. The presented solution is an evaluation TIS-B server that will receive data from a data-fusing tracker and provide one or several TIS-B ground stations with data filtered according to the settings of the server.
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Gundlegård, David. "Automotive Telematics Services based on Cell Broadcast." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2003.
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Cell Broadcast is a relatively old technique within the GSM-network which makes it possible to broadcast text messages to one or more cells in the network. As efforts in Sweden have been made to develop both traffic safety and information technology, the automotive telematics market is predicted to grow rapidly in the near future. The characteristics of Cell Broadcast make it especially suitable for automotive telematics services. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate possible automotive telematics services based on Cell Broadcast and how these services can affect traffic safety.
The most important characteristics for Cell Broadcast in the automotive telematics market are close connection to the GSM/UMTS network, location-based information and information of push character. These characteristics allows the mobile operator to offer a number of automotive telematics services based on Cell Broadcast, some of them as service provider and some of them in joint ventures with car and mobile terminal manufacturers.
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Fredriksson, Daniel, and Anders Schweitz. "Technical Verification and Validation of TIS-B using VDL Mode 4." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2393.
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This report is a technical verification and validation of Traffic Information Service Broadcast (TIS-B) using the data link VDL Mode 4.
The main objective of the report is to examine the usefulness of TIS-B considering the results from tests performed in the Stockholm Terminal Area and for the Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS) at Arlanda airport. The results are compared with the requirements that have been set by the standardisation organisations ICAO, RTCA, Eurocontrol and Eurocae. TIS-B is however such a new concept, so most of the operational requirements have not yet been defined.
The process for performing the evaluation of TIS-B involves three stages:
· Study the requirements on TIS-B, ADS-B, radar and A-SMGCS.
· Verify TIS-B by performing tests at Arlanda airport.
· Validate the test results through analysis.
A theoretical study of slot allocation optimisation is performed to decide how the slot allocation is to be implemented.
The report includes a Functional Hazard Analysis (FHA). The FHA is done to see if the applications for TIS-B are ready for implementation or if more hazard preventing actions has to be taken, before any operational actions can be performed.
The report also involves a theoretical introduction to Air Traffic Management (ATM), Surveillance techniques and TIS-B.
All parts included in the report results in conclusions and recommendations regarding the TIS-B service.
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Löfås, Peter. "Advanced Traffic Service." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-374.
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More and more travellers use navigation-aid software to find the way while driving. Most of todays systems use static maps with little or no information at all about currently yeilding roads conditions and disturbances in the network. It is desirable for such services
in the future to include information about road works, accidents, surface conditions and other types of events that affects what route is currently the best.
It is also desirable to notify users about changes in the prerequisites of the chosen route after they have started their trip.
This thesis investigates methods to include dynamic traffic information in route calculations and notifying users when the characteristics change for their chosen route.
The thesis utilizes dynamic traffic information from The Swedish Road Agencys (Vägverket) central database for traffic information, TRISS and calculates affected clients with help of positioning through the GSM network.
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Misiewicz, Michael V. K. "Modeling and simulation of a Global Broadcast Service reach back architecture for information dissemination management." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA356515.
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Thesis (M.S. in Space Systems Operations) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1998."September 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Dan C. Boger, Carl R. Jones, John S. Osmundson. Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-194). Also available online.
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Harrison, William. "Malleability, obliviousness and aspects for broadcast service attachment." Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4138/.
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An important characteristic of Service-Oriented Architectures is that clients do not depend on the service implementation's internal assignment of methods to objects. It is perhaps the most important technical characteristic that differentiates them from more common object-oriented solutions. This characteristic makes clients and services malleable, allowing them to be rearranged at run-time as circumstances change. That improvement in malleability is impaired by requiring clients to direct service requests to particular services. Ideally, the clients are totally oblivious to the service structure, as they are to aspect structure in aspect-oriented software. Removing knowledge of a method implementation's location, whether in object or service, requires re-defining the boundary line between programming language and middleware, making clearer specification of dependence on protocols, and bringing the transaction-like concept of failure scopes into language semantics as well. This paper explores consequences and advantages of a transition from object-request brokering to service-request brokering, including the potential to improve our ability to write more parallel software.
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Stine, William V. "A study in applying optical character recognition technology for the Foreign Broadcast Information Service field bureaus." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03172010-020135/.
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Kayahan, Hüseyin. "Treatment Framework : Traffic Steering via Source-Routing in SDN for Service Function Chaining." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-247926.
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The middlebox architecture is long known for its inharmonious presence within the Internet architecture. Network functions realized in middleboxes are inclined to interpose end to end connections, modifying the datagram header or spawning new connections on behalf, which renders policy enforcement challenging. Moreover, their tight coupling with metadata makes its distributed persistence difficult, which hampers the flexible utilization and scalable provisioning of the middlebox infrastructure resources under varying loads. Existing attempts at mitigating these problems include middlebox placement, packet tagging and metadata migration; each solving only a part of the problem.Investing in the extensible nature of IPv6, the Treatment Framework (TRF) exploits source routing with the flavor of a discretionarily classifiable address space. Datagrams traverse the treatment domain with an extension header pushed and popped at the domain’s edges, for which forwarding takes place based on the information encoded within. The forwarding mechanics that leverage SDN consists of one match and three OpenFlow actions implementation, whereby TRF obviates the need for an underlying transport. Customizable address space allows providers to tailor routing aggregation to their middlebox farms topology, reducing the number of flow rules in the core to preinstallable sizes.Middleboxes in a treatment domain match traffic to the respective local policy based on the information encoded in the extension header. Extension headers are native to IPv6 and defined by standards, hence the middlebox modification problem is addressed without requiring alteration nor visibility into proprietary code. The framework resolves the policy enforcement problem altogether and allows asymmetric service chaining. While eliminating the flow setup time in the core, the framework’s footprint at ingress that push the extension header can get heavy with respect to flow churn rate.Det har länge varit känt att arkitektur baserad på mellanliggande utrustning, s.k.middlebox-arkitektur, inte alltid rimmar väl med Internet i övrigt. Nätverksfunktioner som implmenteras i middleboxar tenderar att leda till olika typer av förbindelser, modifierande av pakethuvuden eller nya uppkopplingar, vilket medför att det blir utmanande att verkställa olika typer av policy. Middlebox-lösningar är dessutom tätt kopplade till olika typer av metadata vilket innebär svårigheter för dess distribuerade fortlevnad och hindrar ett flexibelt utnyttjande och skalbar utbyggnad middleboxresurser under varierande trafiklast. Befintliga försök att mildra sådana problem inkluderar placering av mellanliggande utrustning, paketmärkning och migration av metadata; vart och ett av dessa löser endast delar av problemet.TRF (Treatment Framework) drar nytta av den utbyggbarhet som finns i IPv6 och använder vägval som styrs helt från avsändaren tillsammans med diskretionär adressrymd. IP-paketen traverserar en behandlings-domän och ett utökat pakethuvud används inom domänen. Det utökade pakethuvudet läggs till när paketet är på väg in i domänen och tas bort när paketet lämnar domänen. Inom domänen används information i det utökade pakethuvudet för att styra vidarebefordringen av paketet. Mekanismerna för vidarebefordring av paket använder sig av SDN och består av en match-operation och tre OpenFlow-åtgärder, varmed TRF kringgår behov av en underliggande transport. En anpass-ningsbart adressrymd gör det möjligt för leverantörer att skräddarsy vägvalsaggregering till sin middlebox-lösning, vilket gör att antalet trafikregler i kärnan av deras nät kan reduceras till förinställbara storlekar.En middlebox-lösning i en behandlings-domän matchar trafik mot respektive lokal policy baserad på information kodad i det utökade pakethuvudet. Tekniken med utökat pakethuvud är inbyggd i IPv6 och standardiserad vilket göra att paketmodifiering i en middlebox kan adresseras utan att kräva ändringar eller insyn i proprietär programvara. Ramverket löser problemet med verkställa olika typer av policy i sin helhet och medger skapandet av assymtriska kedjor av paketbehandlingstjänster. Tiden för att sätta upp paketflöden i kärnan av nätet kan elimineras, men det fotavtryck som ramverket ger i ingressdelen av domänen, där det utökade pakethuvudet skapas och läggs till inkommand paket, kan bli betydande med avseende på flödeshastigheten.
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Zhang, Ge. "Unwanted Traffic and Information Disclosure in VoIP Networks : Threats and Countermeasures." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för datavetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-13408.
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The success of the Internet has brought significant changes to the telecommunication industry. One of the remarkable outcomes of this evolution is Voice over IP (VoIP), which enables realtime voice communications over packet switched networks for a lower cost than traditional public switched telephone networks (PSTN). Nevertheless, security and privacy vulnerabilities pose a significant challenge to hindering VoIP from being widely deployed. The main object of this thesis is to define and elaborate unexplored security and privacy risks on standardized VoIP protocols and their implementations as well as to develop suitable countermeasures. Three research questions are addressed to achieve this objective: Question 1: What are potential unexplored threats in a SIP VoIP network with regard to availability, confidentiality and privacy by means of unwanted traffic and information disclosure? Question 2: How far are existing security and privacy mechanisms sufficient to counteract these threats and what are their shortcomings? Question 3: How can new countermeasures be designed for minimizing or preventing the consequences caused by these threats efficiently in practice? Part I of the thesis concentrates on the threats caused by "unwanted traffic", which includes Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and voice spam. They generate unwanted traffic to consume the resources and annoy users. Part II of this thesis explores unauthorized information disclosure in VoIP traffic. Confidential user data such as calling records, identity information, PIN code and data revealing a user's social networks might be disclosed or partially disclosed from VoIP traffic. We studied both threats and countermeasures by conducting experiments or using theoretical assessment. Part II also presents a survey research related to threats and countermeasures for anonymous VoIP communication.
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Tomic, David. "Service Aware Traffic Distribution in Heterogeneous A2G Networks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-248995.
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Airplanes have different ways to connect to the ground, including satellite air-to-ground communication (SA2GC) and direct air-to-ground communication (DA2GC). Each connection/link offers a different varying amount of transmission capacity over flight time. The traffic generated in the airplane must be forwarded/sent to ground over the available links. It is however not clear how the traffic should be forwarded so that traffic quality of service (QoS) requirements are met. The thesis at hand considers this question, and implements an algorithm handling the forwarding decision with three different forwarding schemes. Those consider traffic parameters in calculating a value assigned to each traffic flow, over a combination of priority, delay requirement and the number of times a traffic flow is dropped. The forwarding algorithm relies on proposed in-flight broadband connectivity (IFBC) network traffic and air-to-ground (A2G) link models, which aim at approximating the network environment of future IFBC networks. It is shown that QoS requirements of traffic flows in terms of packet loss and delay cannot be satisfied with capacities offered by current DA2GC and SA2GC technology. For a future scenario, with higher assumed link capacities, the QoS requirements are met to a higher extent. This is shown in lower packet loss and delay experienced by the respective traffic flows. Further, it is shown that the performance can be improved with specific forwarding schemes used by the forwarding algorithm. It is also investigated how a web cache can be used as a fallback technology. For this a required web cache hit rate is found, which should be high enough to offload the network with content served from the cache. Overall, the thesis aims at proposing an efficient traffic forwarding technique, and at giving insight into an alternative if this technique fails.Flygplan har olika sätt att ansluta till marken, inklusive satellit-mark-kommunikation (SA2GC) och direkt luft till markkommunikation (DA2GC). Varje anslutning/länk erbjuder en annan varierande mängd överföringskapacitet under flygtid. Den trafik som genereras i flygplanet måste vidarebefordras/skickas till marken över de tillgängliga länkarna. Det är emellertid inte klart hur trafiken ska vidarebefordras så att trafiksäkerhetskvaliteten (QoS) uppfylls. Avhandlingen handlar om denna fråga och implementerar en algoritm som hanterar vidarebefordringsbeslutet med tre olika vidarebefordringssystem. De betraktar trafikparametrar vid beräkning av ett värde som tilldelas varje trafikflöde, över en kombination av prioritet, fördröjningskrav och antalet gånger ett trafikflöde tappas. Vidarebefordringsalgoritmen är beroende av föreslagna bredbandsförbindelser (IFBC) i nätverk och A2G-länkmodeller, som syftar till att approximera nätverksmiljön för framtida IFBC-nätverk. Det visas att QoS-krav på trafikflöden när det gäller paketförlust och fördröjning inte kan tillgodoses med kapacitet som erbjuds av nuvarande DA2GC- och SA2GC-teknik. För ett framtida scenario, med högre antagna länkkapacitet, uppfylls QoS-kraven i högre utsträckning. Detta visas med lägre paketförlust och fördröjning som upplevs av respektive trafikflöden. Vidare är det visat att prestanda kan förbättras med specifika vidarekopplingsscheman som används av vidarebefordringsalgoritmen. Det undersöks också hur en webbcache kan användas som en återgångsteknik. För detta hittas en obligatorisk webbcache-träfffrekvens, som bör vara tillräckligt hög för att ladda upp nätverket med innehåll som serveras från cacheminnet. Sammanfattningsvis syftar uppsatsen till att föreslå en effektiv trafiköverföringsteknik och att ge insikt om ett alternativ om denna teknik misslyckas.
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Kangude, Shantanu. "CSMA with Implicit Scheduling through State-keeping: A Distributed MAC Framework for QoS in Broadcast LANs." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05132004-132109/unrestricted/kangude%5Fshantanu%5F200407%5Fphd.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. Directed by John Copeland.Copeland, John, Committee Chair ; Owen, Henry, Committee Member ; Sivakumar, Raghupathy, Committee Member ; Lanterman, Aaron, Committee Member ; Dos Santos, Andre, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
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Aldosari, Fahd M. "New quality of service routing algorithms based on local state information : the development and performance evaluation of new bandwidth-constrained and delay-constrained quality of service routing algorithms based on localized routing strategies." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5406.
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The exponential growth of Internet applications has created new challenges for the control and administration of large-scale networks, which consist of heterogeneous elements under dynamically changing traffic conditions. These emerging applications need guaranteed service levels, beyond those supported by best-effort networks, to deliver the intended services to the end user. Several models have been proposed for a Quality of Service (QoS) framework that can provide the means to transport these services. It is desirable to find efficient routing strategies that can meet the strict routing requirements of these applications. QoS routing is considered as one of the major components of the QoS framework in communication networks. In QoS routing, paths are selected based upon the knowledge of resource availability at network nodes and the QoS requirements of traffic. Several QoS routing schemes have been proposed that differ in the way they gather information about the network state and the way they select paths based on this information. The biggest downside of current QoS routing schemes is the frequent maintenance and distribution of global state information across the network, which imposes huge communication and processing overheads. Consequently, scalability is a major issue in designing efficient QoS routing algorithms, due to the high costs of the associated overheads. Moreover, inaccuracy and staleness of global state information is another problem that is caused by relatively long update intervals, which can significantly deteriorate routing performance. Localized QoS routing, where source nodes take routing decisions based solely on statistics collected locally, was proposed relatively recently as a viable alternative to global QoS routing. It has shown promising results in achieving good routing performance, while at the same time eliminating many scalability related problems. In localized QoS routing each source-destination pair needs to determine a set of candidate paths from which a path will be selected to route incoming flows. The goal of this thesis is to enhance the scalability of QoS routing by investigating and developing new models and algorithms based on the localized QoS routing approach. For this thesis, we have extensively studied the localized QoS routing approach and demonstrated that it can achieve a higher routing performance with lower overheads than global QoS routing schemes. Existing localized routing algorithms, Proportional Sticky Routing (PSR) and Credit-Based Routing (CBR), use the blocking probability of candidate paths as the criterion for selecting routing paths based on either flow proportions or a crediting mechanism, respectively. Routing based on the blocking probability of candidate paths may not always reflect the most accurate state of the network. This has motivated the search for alternative localized routing algorithms and to this end we have made the following contributions. First, three localized bandwidth-constrained QoS routing algorithms have been proposed, two are based on a source routing strategy and the third is based on a distributed routing strategy. All algorithms utilize the quality of links rather than the quality of paths in order to make routing decisions. Second, a dynamic precautionary mechanism was used with the proposed algorithms to prevent candidate paths from reaching critical quality levels. Third, a localized delay-constrained QoS routing algorithm was proposed to provide routing with an end-to-end delay guarantee. We compared the performance of the proposed localized QoS routing algorithms with other localized and global QoS routing algorithms under different network topologies and different traffic conditions. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms outperform the other algorithms in terms of routing performance, resource balancing and have superior computational complexity and scalability features.
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Damour, Gabriel. "Information-Theoretic Framework for Network Anomaly Detection: Enabling online application of statistical learning models to high-speed traffic." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252560.
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With the current proliferation of cyber attacks, safeguarding internet facing assets from network intrusions, is becoming a vital task in our increasingly digitalised economies. Although recent successes of machine learning (ML) models bode the dawn of a new generation of intrusion detection systems (IDS); current solutions struggle to implement these in an efficient manner, leaving many IDSs to rely on rule-based techniques. In this paper we begin by reviewing the different approaches to feature construction and attack source identification employed in such applications. We refer to these steps as the framework within which models are implemented, and use it as a prism through which we can identify the challenges different solutions face, when applied in modern network traffic conditions. Specifically, we discuss how the most popular framework -- the so called flow-based approach -- suffers from significant overhead being introduced by its resource heavy pre-processing step. To address these issues, we propose the Information Theoretic Framework for Network Anomaly Detection (ITF-NAD); whose purpose is to facilitate online application of statistical learning models onto high-speed network links, as well as provide a method of identifying the sources of traffic anomalies. Its development was inspired by previous work on information theoretic-based anomaly and outlier detection, and employs modern techniques of entropy estimation over data streams. Furthermore, a case study of the framework's detection performance over 5 different types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks is undertaken, in order to illustrate its potential use for intrusion detection and mitigation. The case study resulted in state-of-the-art performance for time-anomaly detection of single source as well as distributed attacks, and show promising results regarding its ability to identify underlying sources.I takt med att antalet cyberattacker växer snabbt blir det alltmer viktigt för våra digitaliserade ekonomier att skydda uppkopplade verksamheter från nätverksintrång. Maskininlärning (ML) porträtteras som ett kraftfullt alternativ till konventionella regelbaserade lösningar och dess anmärkningsvärda framgångar bådar för en ny generation detekteringssytem mot intrång (IDS). Trots denna utveckling, bygger många IDS:er fortfarande på signaturbaserade metoder, vilket förklaras av de stora svagheter som präglar många ML-baserade lösningar. I detta arbete utgår vi från en granskning av nuvarande forskning kring tillämpningen av ML för intrångsdetektering, med fokus på de nödvändiga steg som omger modellernas implementation inom IDS. Genom att sätta upp ett ramverk för hur variabler konstrueras och identifiering av attackkällor (ASI) utförs i olika lösningar, kan vi identifiera de flaskhalsar och begränsningar som förhindrar deras praktiska implementation. Särskild vikt läggs vid analysen av de populära flödesbaserade modellerna, vars resurskrävande bearbetning av rådata leder till signifikant tidsfördröjning, vilket omöjliggör deras användning i realtidssystem. För att bemöta dessa svagheter föreslår vi ett nytt ramverk -- det informationsteoretiska ramverket för detektering av nätverksanomalier (ITF-NAD) -- vars syfte är att möjliggöra direktanslutning av ML-modeller över nätverkslänkar med höghastighetstrafik, samt tillhandahåller en metod för identifiering av de bakomliggande källorna till attacken. Ramverket bygger på modern entropiestimeringsteknik, designad för att tillämpas över dataströmmar, samt en ASI-metod inspirerad av entropibaserad detektering av avvikande punkter i kategoriska rum. Utöver detta presenteras en studie av ramverkets prestanda över verklig internettrafik, vilken innehåller 5 olika typer av överbelastningsattacker (DoS) genererad från populära DDoS-verktyg, vilket i sin tur illustrerar ramverkets användning med en enkel semi-övervakad ML-modell. Resultaten visar på hög nivå av noggrannhet för detektion av samtliga attacktyper samt lovande prestanda gällande ramverkets förmåga att identifiera de bakomliggande aktörerna.
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Piri, E. (Esa). "Improving heterogeneous wireless networking with cross-layer information services." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526208213.
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Abstract Substantially growing data traffic over wireless networks poses increased challenges for mobile network operators in deploying sufficient network resources and managing user mobility. This dissertation considers these challenges to providing satisfactory Quality of Service (QoS) for end-users and studies solutions for better utilization of the heterogeneous network environment. First, the dissertation examines what solutions mobile devices and network management entities can use to dynamically collect valid cross-layer information from different network entities. Cross-layer information allows monitoring of the condition of the network in multiple layers on a user and application basis. The second research topic considers the techniques the network management entities can use to improve resource usage in wireless networks based on the collected cross-layer information. The IEEE 802.21 standard, specified to facilitate handovers between heterogeneous networks, is used as the basis for cross-layer information delivery. This dissertation also focuses on utilization of the standard beyond the inter-access technology handovers. In order to improve resource usage in wireless networks dynamically, event delivery enhancements are proposed for the standard so that it better applies to the requirements of different techniques. Such techniques are traffic priority adjustment, traffic adaptation, packet aggregation, and network protocol header compression. The results show that when a handover is not feasible, these techniques effectively allow sharing of the limited radio resources for the user data according to applications’ importance and type. Mobility management is studied in terms of network information service, one of the main services of IEEE 802.21. The thesis proposes enhancing the information service with a base station cell coverage area database. The database provides significant improvements for the selection of a handover target in a dense base station environment. With all the results taken together, the dissertation provides mobile network operators various means to improve the usage of wireless networks on the basis of applications’ varying QoS requirementsTiivistelmä Voimakkaasti kasvava langattomien tietoverkkojen dataliikenne aiheuttaa verkko-operaattoreille haasteita tarjota riittävät verkkoresurssit ja hallita käyttäjien liikkuvuutta. Väitöskirja huomioi nämä haasteet tarjota loppukäyttäjille tyydyttävä palvelunlaatu (QoS) ja tutkii ratkaisuja, joilla heterogeenistä verkkoympäristöä voidaan hyödyntää tehokkaammin. Aluksi väitöskirja tutkii, mitä ratkaisuja päätelaitteet ja verkkohallintatoimijat voivat käyttää keräämään protokollakerrosten välistä (cross-layer) tietoa eri verkkotoimijoilta. Protokollakerrosten välinen tieto mahdollistaa verkon tilan seuraamisen usealla eri kerroksella käyttäjä- ja sovelluskohtaisesti. Toinen tutkimusaihe tarkastelee protokollakerrosten välistä tietoa hyödyntäviä tekniikoita, joita verkonhallintatoimijat voivat käyttää tehostamaan resurssien käyttöä langattomissa verkoissa. IEEE 802.21-standardia, joka on määritetty helpottamaan verkonvaihtoja heterogeenisten verkkojen välillä, käytetään pohjana protokollakerrosten välisen tiedon jakelulle. Väitöskirjassa keskitytään standardin hyödyntämiseen myös muussa kuin verkkoteknologioiden välisen verkonvaihdon yhteydessä. Väitöskirja ehdottaa parannuksia standardin tapahtumatietovälitykseen, jotta se täyttäisi paremmin eri tekniikoiden asettamat vaatimukset dynaamisesti toteutettavista toimista langattomien verkkojen resurssikäytön tehostamiseksi. Nämä tekniikat ovat liikenteen prioriteetin muutokset, liikenteen adaptointi, pakettien yhdistäminen ja verkkoprotokollaotsikoiden pakkaus. Tulokset osoittavat, että kun tukiasema- tai verkonvaihto ei ole mahdollinen, nämä tekniikat mahdollistavat rajattujen verkkoresurssien jakamisen tehokkaasti sovellusten tärkeyden ja tyypin mukaan. Liikkuvuudenhallintaa tutkitaan verkkoinformaatiopalvelun, joka on myös yksi IEEE 802.21-standardin pääpalveluista, kautta. Väitöskirja ehdottaa, että informaatiopalvelua tehostetaan liittämällä siihen tietokanta tukiasemasolujen peittoalueista. Tietokanta tehostaa huomattavasti verkonvaihdon kohteen valintaa tiheissä tukiasemaympäristöissä. Kun väitöskirjan tulokset huomioidaan kokonaisuutena, väitöskirja tarjoaa verkko-operaattoreille useita tapoja tehostaa langattomien verkkojen käyttöä sovellusten vaihtelevien palvelunlaatuvaatimusten perusteella
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Byström, Albin, and Niklas Lindqvist. "Rapporteringstjänst för operatör och förare." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232138.
Full textAbstract:
Sveriges järnvägsnät utgör en viktig del i landets infrastruktur och transporterar både människor och stora mängder gods. Järnvägsnätet är dock störningskänsligt och då stora delar av infrastrukturen är enkelspårig blir alla fordon som trafikerar samma linje beroende av varandra och en försening på ett tåg resulterar ofta i följdförseningar till övriga tåg på samma linje. Idag sker uppföljning av förseningsorsaker manuellt och ofta lång tid efter att det hänt vilket resulterar i osäkra och opålitliga data. Målet med detta projekt är att utveckla en prototyp för ett rapporteringssystem som skulle kunna implementeras i Sveriges järnvägsnät för att möjliggöra realtidsuppföljning på förseningar som uppstår. Förutom att rapporteringen ska ske i realtid ska även användaren direkt notifieras när en försening uppstår och på så sätt inte själv behöva ha koll på det. Resultatet av projektet var en prototyp som i realtid upptäcker förseningar och då notifierar den berörda användaren om att en försening uppstått, vid vilken station det skett och förseningens omfattning i antal minuter. Användaren har då möjlighet att rapportera orsak till förseningen. Prototypen upptäcker även följdförseningar.The Swedish rail network constitutes an important part of its infrastructure and transports both people and large quantities of goods. Unfortunately, the rail network is susceptible to disruptions since a large amount of the rail network consists of one-track sections. Trains that traffic these sections are dependent on each other. One delay may result in subsequent delays for other trains. The follow-up of causes of delays is today done manually and often weeks after it occurred which may results in uncertain and unreliable data. The goal of the project is to develop a prototype of a reporting system which could be implemented into the Swedish railway network to enable real time monitoring of delays that occurs. The prototype should notify the user when a new delay has occurred. The result of the project was a prototype which in real time detects delays and notifies the affected users that a delay has occurred, at which station it happened and the extent of the delay is presented in minutes. The user then has an opportunity to report cause of delay. The prototype also detects subsequent delays.
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Mulonya, Rodrick K. A. R. "The political economy of development aid: an investigation of three donor-funded HIV/AIDS programmes broadcast by Malawi television from 2004 to 2007." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002926.
Full textAbstract:
Development aid in most of the developing countries can sometimes compromise the principles of public service broadcasting (PSB). This may be true when reflected against the tension between donor financed programmes in Malawi and the mandate of Television Malawi (TVM). Although the donor intentions are noble, the strings attached to the funding are sometimes retrogressive to the role of PSBs. A case in point is how donors dictate terms on the HIV/Aids communication strategies at TVM. Producers receive money from donors with strings attached on how the money should be used and accounted for. If producers deviate they are sanctioned through withholding funding, shifting schedules and reducing the funding frequency. The donors also dictate who to interview on what subject, how to conduct capacity building. Some scholars have researched much on the impact of commercialisation of the media. This study is a departure from these traditional interferences; it interrogates the interest of philanthropy tendencies by international donors in the three chosen HIV/Aids programmes broadcast by TVM. The study investigates the extent of pressure exerted by donors on the producers of HIV/Aids programmes in Malawi. Thus, the study seeks to illicit specifics in the power relationship between the donor and the producer hence the study employs the political economy of development aid as applied to the public service broadcasting and communication for development. The study employed qualitative research methods and techniques (in-depth interviews, case study and document analysis). The study reveals how donor ideologies dominate the Aids messages-content output of the texts constructed. The study argues that cultural alienation of the Malawian audiences retards efforts of donors in combating HIV infection rate.
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Lusilao-Zodi, Guy-Alain. "A Bandwidth Market in an IP Network." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1933.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MSc (Mathematical Sciences. Computer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.Consider a path-oriented telecommunications network where calls arrive to each route in a Poisson process. Each call brings on average a fixed number of packets that are offered to route. The packet inter-arrival times and the packet lengths are exponentially distributed. Each route can queue a finite number of packets while one packet is being transmitted. Each accepted packet/call generates an amount of revenue for the route manager. At specified time instants a route manager can acquire additional capacity (“interface capacity”) in order to carry more calls and/or the manager can acquire additional buffer space in order to carry more packets, in which cases the manager earns more revenue; alternatively a route manager can earn additional revenue by selling surplus interface capacity and/or by selling surplus buffer space to other route managers that (possibly temporarily) value it more highly. We present a method for efficiently computing the buying and the selling prices of buffer space. Moreover, we propose a bandwidth reallocation scheme capable of improving the network overall rate of earning revenue at both the call level and the packet level. Our reallocation scheme combines the Erlang price [4] and our proposed buffer space price (M/M/1/K prices) to reallocate interface capacity and buffer space among routes. The proposed scheme uses local rules and decides whether or not to adjust the interface capacity and/or the buffer space. Simulation results show that the reallocation scheme achieves good performance when applied to a fictitious network of 30-nodes and 46-links based on the geography of Europe.
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Donde, Shrinish. "Support for Emulated 5G-System Bridge in a Time-Sensitive Bridged Network." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284514.
Full textAbstract:
Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) defined in the IEEE 802.1 working group, is an important enabler for industrial Internet of things, specifically industry 4.0. 3GPP release 16 specifications includes the 5G system as a logical TSN bridge, thus promoting the integration of 5G technology with TSN. This combination provides wireless deterministic communication thus ensuring low, bounded delay and near-zero packet loss. In this thesis, we implement a 5G system in- tegration with TSN using a discrete event network simulator (NS-3). Further, we propose a simplified per egress port scheduling algorithm based on IEEE 802.1Q (scheduled traffic standard) running in the Centralized Network Con- troller (CNC). Average packet delay, average jitter, average throughput and the packet loss is measured for comparing the performance difference when our TSN scheduler is used versus when it is not. The designed system is tested by measuring it’s network impact in terms of average delay and packet loss. The 5GS logical bridge behavior is simulated by varying the 5G bridge de- lay dynamically. For every frame transmission in the queue, the processing delay of a particular bridge is varied with pre-defined set of values. Two sets of 5GS bridge delay variations are considered, i.e. between 1-10ms and 5- 10ms respectively. On calculating the network impact, we conclude that the overall impact on the network decreases as the variation range for the delay gets smaller. This proves that higher delay variations have a significant impact whereas smaller delay variations have a negligible impact on the network. For the latter case, the system delay is considerably stable and thus can be used for industrial applications in real-life TSN scenarios.Tidskritiska nätverk (TSN) definierat i IEEE 802.1-arbetsgruppen, är en vik- tig faktor för det industriella Sakernas Internet, särskilt när det gäller Industri4.0. Specifikationer enligt 3GPP release 16 inkluderar 5G-system som en lo- gisk TSN-brygga, som främjar integrationen av 5G-teknik med TSN. 5G med TSN ger trådlös deterministisk kommunikation som säkerställer låg, begrän- sad fördröjning och nästan noll paketförlust. I denna rapport implementerar vi en 5G-systemintegration med TSN med hjälp av en diskret händelse simu- lator (NS-3). Dessutom föreslår vi en förenklad algoritm för schemaläggning av portar per utgång baserat på IEEE 802.1Q (Scheduled Traffic Standard) som körs i en centraliserad nätverks-controller (CNC). Genomsnittlig paket- fördröjning, genomsnittlig fördröjningsvariation, genomsnittlig genomström- ning och paketförlust mäts för att jämföra prestandaskillnaden när vår TSN- schemaläggare används jämfört med när den inte används. Det utformade sy- stemet testas genom att mäta nätverkets påverkan i termer av genomsnittlig fördröjning och paketförlust. 5GS logiska bryggbeteende simuleras genom att dynamiskt variera 5G-bryggfördröjningen. För varje bildöverföring varieras bryggans bearbetningsfördröjning med en fördefinierad uppsättning värden. Två fördefinierade uppsättningar av 5GS-fördröjningsvariationer beaktas som ligger mellan 1-10ms respektive 5-10ms. När vi beräknar nätverkspåverkan drar vi slutsatsen att den totala effekten på nätverket minskar när variationen i fördröjningen blir mindre. Detta visar att högre fördröjningsvariationer har en signifikant effekt medan mindre fördröjningsvariationer har en försumbar effekt. I det senare fallet är systemfördröjningen betydligt stabilare och kan användas för tillämpningar i verkliga TSN-scenarier.
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Žižka, Ondřej. "Vyhledávání spojů v jízdních řádech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235897.
Full textAbstract:
Everyday need of modern society is a mass personal transit on a regular basis. For this purpose, mass transit systems exist which obey aforethought schedule. This thesis' goal is to examine the means of automatic search of connections from one place to another, implement such search, and to advance the search algorithm using the soft-computing paradigms. Minor goal would be a research of SQL language procedural capabilities, which could support mass pseudo-parallel computations.
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Partika, Marek. "Publikace dat ze sítě meteostanic ve formátu DATEX II." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240798.
Full textAbstract:
Master’s thesis deals with implementation of a European standard DATEX II. This standard specifies the data format for information transmission in road transport. The road traffic is flowing streams of current information. For the work was selected network of meteorological stations, which will publish the measured data, ie weather conditions of road transport. Measured data will be available to consumers in the format DATEX II. Implementation will be operational in its entirety meteorological station from design to the actual web service that will produce data information for consumers.
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Scarlato, Michele. "Sicurezza di rete, analisi del traffico e monitoraggio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3223/.
Full textAbstract:
Il lavoro è stato suddiviso in tre macro-aree.
Una prima riguardante un'analisi teorica di come funzionano le intrusioni, di quali software vengono utilizzati per compierle, e di come proteggersi (usando i dispositivi che in termine generico si possono riconoscere come i firewall).
Una seconda macro-area che analizza un'intrusione avvenuta dall'esterno verso dei server sensibili di una rete LAN.
Questa analisi viene condotta sui file catturati dalle due interfacce di rete configurate in modalità promiscua su una sonda presente nella LAN.
Le interfacce sono due per potersi interfacciare a due segmenti di LAN aventi due maschere
di sotto-rete differenti. L'attacco viene analizzato mediante vari software.
Si può infatti definire una terza parte del lavoro, la parte dove vengono analizzati i file
catturati dalle due interfacce con i software che prima si occupano di analizzare i dati di
contenuto completo, come Wireshark, poi dei software che si occupano di analizzare i dati di
sessione che sono stati trattati con Argus, e infine i dati di tipo statistico che sono stati trattati
con Ntop.
Il penultimo capitolo, quello prima delle conclusioni, invece tratta l'installazione di Nagios, e
la sua configurazione per il monitoraggio attraverso plugin dello spazio di disco rimanente su
una macchina agent remota, e sui servizi MySql e DNS. Ovviamente Nagios può essere
configurato per monitorare ogni tipo di servizio offerto sulla rete.
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Chiang, Yi-Fu, and 蔣逸夫. "A Radio-broadcast-based Information and Service Providing System." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23957915474210029939.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
96
Radio broadcasting is one of the most early-developed mass media. Through audio communication, radio broadcasting serves a variety of functions such as providing information, educational training and entertaining. In addition, thanks to its low-cost, universal, portable, and user-friendly features, broadcasting has been an essential part of human life. The Internet has been the fastest-growing product of digital revolution in the 21st century. Multi-media information and highly-interactive platform allow more and more modern people enjoy their convenience, and many of the latest applications are highly related it. This thesis combines the properties of both the radio and internet, proposing the Radio-broadcast-based information and service providing system. Through the Radio Data System (RDS), the system allows users to access information or services via the Internet while receiving a particular radio program. Meanwhile, the users are welcomed to obtain or download the digital information or services provided by an information and services platform that is associated with the radio broadcaster. The cross-media combination not only retains the traditional usage of the radio broadcasting, besides, thanks to the Internet, it meets the convenience of the integration of visual communication and information.
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Chang, Shih-Ming, and 張時銘. "The RIA service for vessel traffic information integration." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79257937797755061066.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
通訊與導航工程學系
101
Intelligent transportation system (ITS) is the application of information, communication and network technology to transportation system. It provides the opportunity to enhance both safety and efficiency of maritime transportation. This thesis developes a web-based service as a Rich Internet Application(RIA) and WebGIS for vessel traffic information, especially the huge amount of vessel position reports collected via Automatic Identification System (AIS). This service provides integrated interface for the query of both real-time and historical trajectories of vessels, as well as the analysis and presentation of vessel traffic flow. Such operations require map features for both the land side and the sea side to assist the user interaction. Therefore, besides the commonly used land maps or satellite maps, a web map tile service for Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) is also integrated as an overlay map layer with transparency. Finally, expecting development of vessel traffic information will be beneficial to related personnel to have a better basis for decision-making.
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Liu, Yu-Fan, and 劉宇凡. "A Study on Service Quality of Traffic and Transportation Information Website-A Case Study of Traffic and Transportation Service Center." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/593sa7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
101
In recent years, the government develops Intelligent Transportation Systems to provide a more efficient but less congestion way of traffic and transportation. The Institute of transportation (IOT), also launched “e-Traffic Center,” “e-Trans Center,” and several cities’ traffic information centers and combined all the information sources to established “Traffic and Transportation Service Center” website. Its' performance and the satisfaction by users are important issues that we concerned. We utilized the SERVQUAL model proposed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry with Kano's two-dimensional quality model as other related papers to set up the questions. The outcome data classified based on the Kano's quality model, so that the degree of satisfaction and the type of product requirements can be obtained. The inquiry elicited that services this website provides are useful and satisfied, the most important parts the provider faced are information personalization and browsers' support.
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陳哲先. "Traffic Flow Data Stitching for Information Service-a Fuzzy Time Series Approach." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77274455616785106010.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
運輸科技與管理學系
102
Past studies, most of the fuzzy time series (Fuzzy Time Series) is applied to the commercial port cargo forecasts or information is more stable relative data to predict the trend in some, there is no research data used in large and dramatic changes in the amount of traffic over the information on. In this study, the application of the ARIMA (1,1,1) model, the highway vehicle detectors (Vehicle detector) data input after the predicted value and then get into the ARIMA time series fuzzy arithmetic prediction, detection methods such mixed more direct data input fuzzy time series forecasting mean absolute error (MAPE) of 35.67 down to 10.64, as can be inferred if the fuzzy time series and then corrected to fit the data used to fill vehicle detectors, with the filter function can have algorithm should be able to improve model accuracy and because of the time series of fuzzy logic algorithms are more simple, fast processing speed, simplify the algorithm to fill the current model is too complex a problem, refer to the highway managers as a way of actual applications.
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黃勝龍. "A Study in Intelligent Customer Service Agent -- Nature Language Apply in Traffic Information Consultation." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18134347711561587209.
Full textAbstract:
碩士世新大學
資訊管理學系
90
Every kind of Information Appliance, application and service of Internet are prosperously developed to enter " the age of internet" from the 21st century. For simplicity, convenience and more humanity, user interface begins transferring to input interface for intelligent Nature Language from the past text model and graphical interface. The conventional customer service system provided service by telephony system and absolutely increase a lot of cost. Intelligent Customer Service Agent will supply the usefulness and more humanity user interface for Nature Language, but also find a solution quickly and efficiently for any problems from customers. Bygones days, in Nature Language research, "Word Segmentation" & "Semantic Analyze" are two absolute constructions. But in the process of reading, people will recombine and punctuate sentences until find out the reasonable explain, once they can not understand and explain the sentences. This study ingratiate Nature language and traffic information system in the field of traffic problems, to focus on differences among categories of problems and the consideration of humanity, to improve the procedure and way of Nature language, and to combine the processing flowchart of Word Segmentation and Semantic Analyze for buckle to system with accuracy. Additionally, this study offers " All-around Nature Language enquiries structure, which the most character apply the various categories of problems, not only apply one or minor problems anymore. Meanwhile, according to the above structure, this study build the Nature language comprehend engine, At present, through this engine to build the consultation system for the train, aviation, map guides and cable channel TV program information...etc. The system made a greater deal of advance in accuracy, discern and suitable then before.
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Hu, Jin-Jia, and 胡晉嘉. "Development of an Emergency Medical Service (EMS) System Based on Real-Time Traffic Information." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x7h957.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系研究所
99
This study develops an emergency medical service (EMS) system by employing sensor devices, Webcam, 2.4 GHz ISM band RF Module, ZigBee, GPS, Google Maps, and WiMAX mobile network. In the ambulance, patient’s biosignals consisting of electrocardiogram (ECG), temperature, oxygen, and pulse can be wirelessly transmitted to the in-car gateway. Then, together with patient’s real-time video, those biosignals are transmitted via WiMAX mobile network to the server located in the hospital emergency room for immediate first-aid preparation. Furthermore, to avoid jam-packed areas, a traffic guiding subsystem is presented based on the WebGIS that consists of Google Maps and GPS to help patient be delivered to the hospital with shortest time. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed EMS system in lengthening the golden rescue time; thus significantly enhancing service quality of emergency medical system.
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Li, Jhih-Jia, and 李誌嘉. "A Study on Establishing the Business Model of Traffic Information Service System of the Intercity Type." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52778304580613050141.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
運輸管理學系碩士班
95
In the recent years with the progress of Information and communication science and technology, the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has been applied to solve the transportation problem by the various countries. Wherein the Advanced Traveler Information Services (ATIS) is built to provide the real time traffic information and the guidance of route, and also assist the road user to make the decision of travel efficiently. This study aims to development the business model and the financial model that are used to analysis the government and the private operator participating the deployment and operation of the traffic information service system. Besides the questionnaire of the stated preference survey is utilized to collect the degree of preference and the characteristic of travel for the traffic information service, in order to predict the market reverence in the future. In the cost of the system, the study plans the range of deployment which includes the national freeway network, the expressway and the major province highway. The vehicle detector is deployed to collect the data of traffic volume and speed in the each segment of road, and the closed circuit television is employed to collect the data of volume and image under surveillance. In all of the above facilities, the total deployment cost is about 3.75 billions dollars, and the maintenance cost is about or is about 256 millions dollars for every year. In the revenue of the system, the study applied Disaggregate Modal Choice Model to analyze the traveler’ choice behavior on the usage of the traffic information, wherein the user types include the traveler used to use the traffic information via the mobile and non-mobile approaches, and the traveler not used to do. The stated preference data is used to develop the multinomial and the nested Logit models in the study. The calibration of models which employed the maximum likelihood ratio method, shows the multinomial Logit model posses the better result of explanation, then it is used to estimate the original business(OB) revenue, which is from the rates of the basic service and the added value service. Besides the rent revenue of traffic information platform is also the major revenue for the system. In the basic year the OB revenue of traffic information service is about 155 millions dollars, and until the objective year the revenue is about 1.22 billions dollars, and the rent revenue of platform is about 25 millions dollars in each year. For the self-liquidating the demanded revenue of non-OB is among 33 millions dollars to 226 millions dollars for the various alternative of rate, and the pay-back periods is about 33 years. Under the franchise year that designed as the pay-back periods, and without the consideration of non-OB, this study find that the ratio of self-liquidating is between 16.13％ to 121.46％.
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Sankaranarayanan, Suresh. "Studies in agent based IP traffic congestion management in diffserv networks." 2006. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/46358.
Full textAbstract:
The motivation for the research carried out was to develop a rule based traffic management scheme for DiffServ networks with a view to introducing QoS (Quality of Service). This required definition of rules for congestion management/control based on the type and nature of IP traffic encountered, and then constructing and storing these rules to enable future access for application and enforcement. We first developed the required rule base and then developed the software based mobile agents using the Java (RMI) application package, for accessing these rules for application and enforcement. Consequently, these mobile agents act as smart traffic managers at nodes/routers in the computer based communication network and manage congestion.
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Jhao, Wan-Ciang, and 趙文強. "A study on factors influencing usage intention with respect to the "National Traffic Information Center" Web Service in Taiwan." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18648764682558899972.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系
98
Computer networks produced an information revolution in the late 20th century. The resulting information technology continued to develop and mature during the early years of 21th century, such that various technologies have now found social application. At the same time, the production , distribution and application of information has become an important factor influencing government-directed economic development. Traditionally, engineers have looked to improve transportation networks by building roads to enhance traffic flows, but using information technology to design a more intelligent transportation system – ITS – it is now possible to achieve significant improvements by enhancing the effectiveness of existing infrastructure. In 2002, the Executive Yuan formulated “Challenge 2008 – National Development Plan”,which included the“Digital Taiwan Plan”,“Transport Service E-Network Plan”, and a sub-project: the“E-Traffic Plan”. The“E-Traffic Plan”was launched with the intention of building an instant traffic information system for road users. To provides users with real-time traffic information and realize greater efficiencies and a higher degree of user satisfaction, the Institute of Transportation in the Ministry of Transportation and Communication, established the“National Traffic Information Center”web service in December 2004. Based on observations of the number of visitors, this study finds that the web service is under-utilized. In order to increase usage and satisfaction, it is necessary to examine user perceptions, appraisals and intended usages. Using literature review and questionnaire survey methods, this study adopts the viewpoints of Technology Acceptance Model and Information System Success Model to investigate the factors that influence the ultimate usage intention of the“National Traffic Information Center”web service. Considering the short history and low-usage rates of this web service, this study limits the surveyed population to employees familiar with traffic affairs in the Directorate General of Highways. This study is based on nine research constructs: image, subjective norm, perceived usefulness, relative advantage, information quality, result demonstrability, perceived ease of use, perceived behavioral control and behavior intention of use. By analyzing the different personal background of users and non-users, and their perceptions and usages of the“National Traffic Information Center”web, this study aims to understand the real usage intentions of web visitors. The research results show that factors influencing usage intention are the perceived usefulness and behavioral control. In addition, relative advantage and information quality affect the perceived usefulness.
31
Röthe, J. F. "The development of an online road accident-reporting management system for the South African Police Service." 2014. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001404.
Full textAbstract:
D. Tech. PolicingThe first legislation on accident reporting in South Africa was promulgated in 1913 in an ordinance of Transvaal, one of the four provinces of South Africa at the time. Since then several amendments have been made to legislation on accident reporting, but accident reporting has continued to be time consuming and unnecessarily complicated. It seems that technology is not yet utilised to its full potential. Therefore this study investigates ways in which an online application (app) for accident reporting could be designed and implemented. The development and implementation of a simpler and modern app for online accident reporting could successfully address the problem of unavailable statistics for minor damage-only accidents. By amending the National Road Traffic Act, 1996 (Act 93 of 1996) to accommodate more cost-effective online accident reporting through eAccident, the time spent on compiling the current accident reports could be minimised and costly human resources could be utilised more effectively in core police functions such as law enforcement.
32
Hsu, Pei-Ting, and 許佩婷. "A study on the Relationship among Burnout, Resilience and Safety Attitude for Air Traffic Service Personnel - A Case Study of Taipei Flight Information Region." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2qshf5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
社會教育學系
106
The purpose of this study was to examine the current status, the differences and the relationship among the burnout, resilience and safety attitude for five sorts of front-line Air Traffic Service (ATS) personnel who worked in Taipei Flight Information Region. Subjects of this study were from five sorts of front-line ATS personnel who worked in Air Navigation and Weather Services, including air traffic control staff, aeronautical information staff, aeronautical meteorology staff, aeronautical telecommunication staff, and aeronautical electronic staff. Based on literature review, a questionnaire was adapted for this study. 508 questionnaires were distributed and 377 valid copies of them were returned. The valid response rate was approximately 74.21%. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistic, independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1.The burnout situation of ATS personnel was below average, while the “emotion exhaustion” dimension had the highest score. Furthermore, ATS personnel with various backgrounds had significant differences on burnout situation in terms of gender, ATS classification, years of working in the current job and monthly duty hours in recent six months. 2.The resilience situation of ATS personnel was above average, while “family coherence” dimension had the highest score. Also, ATS personnel with various backgrounds had significant differences on resilience situation in terms of gender, age, children, ATS classification, years of working in the current job; moreover, there was significant differences on overall resilience in terms of ATS classification. 3.The safety attitude situation of ATS personnel was above average, while “Teamwork” dimension had the highest score. However, ATS personnel with various backgrounds had significant differences on safety attitude in terms of children’s age and monthly duty hours in recent six months. 4.There was significant negative correlation between burnout and resilience, between burnout and safety attitude with moderate magnitude; there was significant positive correlation between resilience and safety attitude with moderate magnitude. 5.The burnout and resilience of ATS personnel had significant prediction power on safety attitude; in addition, burnout and resilience could explain 52% of the total variance in safety attitude jointly. In accordance with the findings, this study has proposed suggestions to the ATS administrative managers, front-line ATS personnel and researchers for the work as reference in health promotion and future study.
33
Khoshnevis, Behrouz. "Multiple-antenna Communications with Limited Channel State Information." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/30036.
Full textAbstract:
Due to its significant advantage in spectral efficiency, multiple-antenna communication technology will undoubtedly be a major component in future wireless system implementations. However, the full exploitation of this technology also requires perfect feedback of channel state information (CSI) to the transmitter-- something that is not practically feasible. This motivates the study of limited feedback systems, where CSI feedback is rate limited. This thesis focuses on the optimal design of limited feedback systems for three types of communication channels: the relay channel, the single-user point-to-point channel, and the multiuser broadcast channel. For the relay channel, we prove the efficiency of the Grassmannian codebooks as the source and relay beamforming codebooks, and propose a method for CSI exchange between the relay and the destination when global CSI is not available at destination. For the single-user point-to-point channel, we study the joint power control and beamforming problem and address the channel magnitude and direction quantization codebook design problem. It is shown that uniform quantization of the channel magnitude (in dB scale) is asymptotically optimal regardless of the channel distribution. The analysis further derives the optimal split of feedback bandwidth between the magnitude and direction quantization codebooks. For the multiuser broadcast channel, we first prove the sufficiency of a product magnitude-direction quantization codebook for managing the multiuser interference. We then derive the optimal split of feedback bandwidth across the users and their magnitude and direction codebooks. The optimization results reveal an inherent structural difference between the single-user and multiuser quantization codebooks: a multiuser codebook should have a finer direction quantization resolution as compared to a single-user codebook. It is further shown that the users expecting higher rates and requiring more reliable communication should provide a finer quantization of their CSI. Finally, we determine the minimum required total feedback rate based on users' quality-of-service constraints and derive the scaling of the system performance with the total feedback rate.
34
Naicker, Kevin. "The recruitment and management of agents in undercover drug trafficking criminal investigations." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22909.
Full textAbstract:
Text in EnglishThe organized and sophisticated way in which criminal targets conduct the crime of drug trafficking, necessitates the use of undercover agents in undercover drug trafficking criminal investigations. The goal of this research was to determine how agents should be recruited and managed for undercover drug trafficking criminal investigations. The correct recruitment and management processes when dealing with agents in undercover drug trafficking criminal investigations, which enable investigators to follow a logical sequence, was explored by the researcher. The entire recruitment process of agents in undercover drug trafficking criminal investigations was discussed, from studying the criminal target, identification of a suitable agent and then the recruitment process itself. Legal aspects and administrative processes to be utilized to manage agents were discussed. The researcher utilized national and international literature sources to gather new and current information on the recruitment of agents in undercover drug trafficking investigations. Interviews were conducted with retired and experienced former South African Police Service (SAPS) officials who managed and recruited agents during their employment in the SAPS. The general purpose of this research was to provide practical recommendations on the best practices for the recruitment and management of agents in undercover drug trafficking criminal investigations.
Police Practice
M.Tech. (Forensic Investigation)
35
El-Khatib, Mayar. "Highway Development Decision-Making Under Uncertainty: Analysis, Critique and Advancement." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5741.
Full textAbstract:
While decision-making under uncertainty is a major universal problem, its implications in the field of transportation systems are especially enormous; where the benefits of right decisions are tremendous, the consequences of wrong ones are potentially disastrous.
In the realm of highway systems, decisions related to the highway configuration (number of lanes, right of way, etc.) need to incorporate both the traffic demand and land price uncertainties. In the literature, these uncertainties have generally been modeled using the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) process, which has been used extensively in modeling many other real life phenomena. But few scholars, including those who used the GBM in highway configuration decisions, have offered any rigorous justification for the use of this model.
This thesis attempts to offer a detailed analysis of various aspects of transportation systems in relation to decision-making. It reveals some general insights as well as a new concept that extends the notion of opportunity cost to situations where wrong decisions could be made. Claiming deficiency of the GBM model, it also introduces a new formulation that utilizes a large and flexible parametric family of jump models (i.e., Lévy processes). To validate this claim, data related to traffic demand and land prices were collected and analyzed to reveal that their distributions, heavy-tailed and asymmetric, do not match well with the GBM model. As a remedy, this research used the Merton, Kou, and negative inverse Gaussian Lévy processes as possible alternatives.
Though the results show indifference in relation to final decisions among the models, mathematically, they improve the precision of uncertainty models and the decision-making process. This furthers the quest for optimality in highway projects and beyond.