To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Traffic jams.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traffic jams'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 33 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Traffic jams.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Barlović, Robert. "Traffic jams cluster formation in low-dimensional cellular automata models for highway and city traffic /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969248830.
Full text
2
Barlovic, Robert. "Traffic Jams : Cluster Formation in Low-Dimensional Cellular Automata Models for Highway and City Traffic." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2003. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-10312003-150115/.
Full textAbstract:
Cellular automata (CA) models are quite popular in the field of traffic flow. They allow an effective implementation of real-time traffic computer-simulations. Therefore, various approaches based on CA models have been suggested in recent years. The first part of this thesis focuses on the so-called VDR (velocity-dependent randomization) model which is a modified version of the well known Nagel-Schreckenberg (NaSch) CA model. This choice is motivated by the fact that wide phase separated jams occur in the model. On the basis of random walk theory an analytical approach to the dynamics of these separated jam clusters is given. The predictions are in good agreement with the results of computer simulations and provide a deeper insight into the dynamics of wide jams which seem to be generic for CA approaches and are therefore of special interest. Furthermore, the impact of a localized defect in a periodic system is analyzed in the VDR model. It turns out that depending on the magnitude of the defect stop-and-go traffic can occur which can not be found in the VDR model without lattice defects. Finally, the VDR model is studied with open boundaries. The phase diagrams, obtained by Monte-Carlo simulations, reveal two jam phases with a stripped microscopic structure and for finite systems the existence of a new high-flow phase is shown. The second part of this thesis concentrates on CA models for city traffic with the focus on the Chowdhury-Schadschneider (ChSch) model. In the context of jam clusters the model reveals interesting features since two factors exert influence on the jamming behavior. On the one hand, jams are induced at crossings due to the traffic lights, i.e., cars are forced to stop at a ``red light', and, on the other hand, the dynamics of such induced jams is governed by the NaSch model rules. One part of the investigations covers global (fixed) traffic light strategies. These are found to lead to strong oscillations in the global flow except for the case of randomly switching lights. Furthermore, the impact of adaptive (local) traffic light control is analyzed. It is found that the autonomous strategies can nearly match the global optimum of the ChSch model. In order to provide a more realistic vehicle distribution, the ChSch model is enhanced by a stochastic turning of vehicles and by inhomogeneous densities. Here, the autonomous strategies can outperform the global ones in some cases.
3
DeStefanis, Anthony Roland. "Trains, Trucks, and Traffic Jams: The Rise of Automotive Transportation, 1880-1956." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626070.
Full text
4
Roberg-Orenstein, Penina. "The development and control of traffic jams caused by incidents in rectangular grid networks." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1997. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6564/.
Full textAbstract:
Urban traffic congestion is becoming a central issue in transport planning. If the present growth in car ownership and use continues, traffic jams are likely to increase in frequency and extent, particularly within the central areas of major cities. Whilst it is important to study the impact of congestion in the field, there is an urgent need for a fundamental understanding of the causes of congestion and the way in which it propagates. But, although a number of control schemes for controlling traffic congestion exist, no comprehensive rationale for an effective dispersal strategy has been developed. This research is mainly concerned with the properties of incident-induced traffic jams on rectangular grid networks, and possible measures for preventing and controlling them. The research investigates the underlying structure of such jams using a combination of theoretical and simulation models developed for this purpose. Using these models, gridlock is identified as a crucial stage in the evolution of traffic jams. However, most conventional traffic management measures aim to increase capacity and hence postpone the onset of gridlock and are unsuitable when gridlock has already set in. This thesis develops several alternative strategies for protecting networks from gridlock and dissipating traffic jams once they have formed. The treatment focuses on the installation of bans at specific network locations. The bans come in two forms: turn or ahead. Turn bans are imposed on selected links to break gridlock cycles at the nucleus of the traffic jam. By contrast, ahead bans are implemented around the traffic jam envelope to reduce input into critical sections of the road. The control strategies are tested extensively using the simulation model and as a result, some general control principles have emerged. These are not intended to be immediately applicable to real networks since they incorporate some simplifying assumptions. However, they point to certain characteristics of traffic jam growth and dispersal which would not be accessible in any other way.
5
Zanule, Paul Gudoi. "Road Management System and Road Safety in Uganda." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/368.
Full textAbstract:
Traffic collisions cost Uganda millions of dollars each year. The purpose of this descriptive case study was to describe the strategies and processes needed to implement a road management system. Such a system would significantly reduce the fatalities and accidents in Uganda, improve the transportation within Kampala's business district, and increase business profitability. Three conceptual theories framed the research study: management theory, strategic management theory, and criminology theory. Using a snowball sampling strategy, data were collected from open-ended interviews, questionnaires, observations, and archived documents from 20 administrative participants in the government and organizational leaders involved in the transport operations and transport services in the Kampala business district in Uganda. Data were analyzed using 3 phases: (a) interpretational analysis, coding, and grouping segments; (b) structural analysis, consistency, and quality; and (c) reflective analysis, consequences, what, when, where, and how. Five themes or action requirements emerged from the data analysis: to improve transport operations and transport services profitability, reduce traffic jams and fatalities, provide sufficient driving training, maintain road infrastructure, and maintain traffic law enforcement. The findings and recommendations from this study may improve the profitability of businesses, reduce the traffic jams and fatalities, and improve the gross domestic product of Uganda, thereby contributing to positive social change.
6
Hoppe, André. "Staus auf Deutschen Bundesautobahnen: Quantifizierung von Verlustzeiten anhand der Analyse historischer Staudaten." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-222916.
Full textAbstract:
In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die erstmalig die durch Staus verursachten Verzögerungszeiten auf Bundesautobahnen mithilfe von Annahmen aus der Verkehrsflussdynamik zu schätzen versucht. Dies geschieht anhand einer GPS-gestützten Vollerhebung aller Staus aus den Jahren 2015 und teils auch 2016, welche vom Navigationsdienstleister TomTom zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass für das Jahr 2015 rund 190 Mio. Fahrzeug-Stunden (Anzahl betroffener Fahrzeuge × Staustunden) anfielen, was für die betroffenen Autofahrer einen monetären Wert von ca. vier Milliarden Euro ausmachte. Es wurden zudem Engpässe anhand eines Rankings erstellt, womit dauerhafte Schwerpunkte auf Autobahnen aufgedeckt wurden. Unter einer konkret definierten räumlichen, zeitlichen und sachlichen Abgrenzungen kann diese Methodik sowohl für die Forschung als auch für die Weiterentwicklung von Navigationsdiensten dienenThe estimation of time losses caused by traffic congestions have not previously been assessed by using assumptions of traffic flow dynamics. With a GPS-supported full survey of all jams from the year 2015 and parts of 2016 this master thesis tries to quantify the additional (congested) travel time on German Motorways. The analysis has shown that all jams reported on German highways produced time losses over 190 million vehicle-hours (amount of involved vehicles × congestion hours), which equals a monetary value of four billion euros for the involved drivers. Furthermore the ranking of the respective bottlenecks has been developed over the year and main congestion hotspots on motorways have been revealed. By using a precisely defined local, temporal and objective delimitation, this method could be used for further research and developments of navigation services as well
7
Foss, Susan J. "Modeling the Aggregation of Interacting Neurofilaments in the Axon." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1431078489.
Full text
8
Klumpp, Stefan. "Movements of molecular motors : diffusion and directed walks." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/2003/0020/klumpp.pdf.
Full text
9
Li, Michelle Ai-Ling. "A molecular and phenotypic analysis of traffic jam, a key regulator of gonad morphogenesis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58897.pdf.
Full text
10
Grassi, Nicolo'. "Transizione a stati congestionati in modelli di traffico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8948/.
Full textAbstract:
La congestione del traffico è un fenomeno molto familiare, con il quale
si ha a che fare nelle più svariate occasioni. Dal punto di vista fisico, il
flusso del traffico rappresenta un sistema di particelle interagenti (i ve-
icoli) in condizione di non equilibrio. L’effetto complessivo di un sistema
composto da molte particelle interagenti è la creazione di una instabil-
ità, osservata empiricamente, nello stato di free flow (scorrimento libero),
causata dall’aumentare delle fluttuazioni. In questi casi di parla di phan-
tom traffic jam, ovvero una congestione che ha origine senza cause appar-
enti, come incidenti o lavori in corso. Sarà dimostrato come la condizione
di stop & go si verifichi spontaneamente se la densità media dei veicoli
eccede un certo valore critico.
L’importanza di poter predire una congestione stradale non è un problema
puramente matematico, ma ha risvolti socio-economici non indifferenti.
Infatti, le caratteristiche della mobilità e dei sistemi di trasporto sono
strettamente legate alla struttura della comunità e alla qualità della vita.
Con il seguente studio si cercherà di trovare un osservabile facilmente
calcolabile, che potrebbe essere un predittore della formazione di uno stato
congestionato con un intervallo di tempo sufficientemente adeguato. A
tal fine sono state prese in considerazione misure relative alle condizioni
del traffico su strade provinciali dell’Emilia-Romagna, tramite un sistema
MTS composto da 3509 spire che registra i passaggi delle macchine; in
seguito, per poter avere una comprensione maggiore dei fenomeni che si
manifestano durante la transizione a stato congestionato, si è provveduto
a creare un modello matematico utilizzato per le simulazioni al computer.
I risultati ottenuti dalle simulazioni, poi, sono stati utilizzati per trovare
l’osservabile cercato nei dati pervenuti dalle strade campione.
11
Mockus, Andrius. "Automobilių spūsties nustatymas kompiuterine rega." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140716_103105-28315.
Full textAbstract:
Šių dienų miestai darosi itin dideli, o automobilių kiekis juose dar didesnis. Didelis automobilių kiekis kelia didžiules transporto spūstis, o dėl jų miesto gyventojų susisiekimas pasidaro svarbi problema. Transporto spūstys taip pat yra milžiniška taršos problema, kuri sukelia Globalinį atšilimą ir sveikatos sutrikimus. Šiame Bakalauro darbe yra mažinamos transporto spūstys skaičiuojant į sankryžas atvažiuojančius automobilius ir generuojant skirtingus šviesoforo signalų ciklo laikus atsižvelgiant į jų skaičių. Darbas susideda iš kelių dalių, tarp kurių programiniai automobilių skaičiavimo sprendimai, mikrovaldiklio pasirinkimas, šviesoforo signalų valdymo programos kūrimas, kameros prijungimas.Nowadays modern cities becoming very large and the quantity of vehicles in them are even larger. The large number of vehicles leads to huge traffic jams and because of them communication for residents became a serious problem. Traffic jams are also a major pollution problem which causes Global warming and health illness. In this Bachelor's Thesis we are reducing traffic jams by counting the amount of vehicles approaching crossroads and generating different cycle times of the traffic light signals. The Thesis consists of several parts including possible programming solutions for vehicle count, the choice of microcontroller, creation of traffic light signals program, camera connection.
12
Faye, Sébastien. "Contrôle et gestion du trafic routier urbain par un réseau de capteurs sans fil." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0061/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les transports terrestres occupent une place majeure dans notre société, notamment en ville où les ralentissements aux heures de pointe peuvent avoir un impact notable sur l'organisation des activités, l'économie ou encore l'écologie. Les infrastructures routières sont généralement coordonnées par un centre de contrôle, responsable du maintien des équipements, de leurs réglages initiaux et de la gestion des incidents (matériels ou humains). Les nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication ont permis, en l'espace de quelques années, de mettre en œuvre des systèmes de transport intelligents. À l'aide de multiples points de mesures répartis sur le territoire, un opérateur peut dénombrer les usagers et en déduire la charge du réseau. Toutefois, centraliser les informations présente de nombreuses limites. Cette thèse vise à étudier l'emploi de systèmes distribués afin de mettre en œuvre des systèmes de transport intelligents grâce à un réseau de capteurs sans fil. Couplés à une unité de détection (p. ex., un magnétomètre), les capteurs communicants peuvent réagir au passage d'un véhicule en étant déployés, par exemple, sur les voies. Ils sont également capables de coopérer et de s'affranchir d'une entité centrale, rendant tout ou partie d'une zone urbaine totalement indépendante. D'autre part, ces réseaux peuvent fonctionner de manière autonome et tolèrent mieux les pannes, car aucun élément n'est indispensable au fonctionnement global du système. Enfin, les éléments de ces réseaux sont petits, peu coûteux, et communiquent en sans fil, ce qui leur permet d'être déployés et redéployés rapidement et de manière denseRoad traffic has a significant effect on metropolitan activities, especially during peak hours when it impacts on areas such as the economy and the environment. Road infrastructure is typically coordinated from a control centre that is responsible for maintaining not only its equipment but also their initial settings and incident management (both material and human). During the past few years, new technologies in the fields of information and communication have led to the introduction of intelligent transportation systems. Using multiple measurement points distributed across a country, an operator can count road users and calculate the network load. However, the centralization of information has a number of drawbacks. The aim of this thesis is to study the use of distributed systems in order to implement intelligent transportation systems via a wireless sensor network. Coupled to a detection unit (e.g., a magnetometer), the interconnected sensors can respond to the passage of a vehicle when deployed, for example, along the road. They can also work together without recourse to a central entity - rendering all or part of an urban area totally independent. Furthermore, these networks can operate autonomously and are less susceptible to breadown, because the overall running of the system is not affected by the failure of individual components. Finally, components are small and cheap, and they operate wirelessly, which means they can be deployed and redeployed both rapidly and densely
13
Mohammed, Rafiq. "Personalized call center traffic prediction to enhance management solution with reference to call traffic jam mitigation a case study on Telecom New Zealand Ltd. : a dissertation submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Computer and Information Sciences (MCIS), 2008 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/479.
Full text
14
Broizat, Damien. "Existence, unicité, approximations de solutions d'équations cinétiques et hyperboliques." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00916993.
Full textAbstract:
Les travaux de cette thèse s'inscrivent dans le contexte des systèmes de particules. Nous considérons différents systèmes physiques, décrits de manière continue, et dont la dynamique est modélisée par des équations aux dérivées partielles décrivant l'évolution temporelle de certaines quantités macroscopiques ou microscopiques, selon l'échelle de description envisagée. Dans une première partie, nous nous intéressons à une équation de type coagulation-fragmentation cinétique. Nous obtenons un résultat d'existence globale en temps, dans le cadre des solutions renormalisées de DiPerna-Lions, pour toute donnée initiale vérifiant les estimations naturelles et possédant une norme L1 et une norme Lp (p > 1) finies. La deuxième partie traite de méthodes de moments. L'objectif de ces méthodes est d'approcher un modèle cinétique par un nombre fini d'équations portant sur des quantités dépendant uniquement de la variable d'espace, et la question est de savoir comment fermer le système obtenu pour obtenir une bonne approximation de la solution du modèle cinétique. Dans un cadre linéaire, nous obtenons une méthode de fermeture explicite conduisant à un résultat de convergence rapide. Enfin, dans une troisième partie, nous travaillons sur la modélisation du trafic routier avec prise en compte de la congestion à l'aide d'un système hyperbolique avec contraintes, issu de la dynamique des gaz sans pression. En modifiant convenablement ce système, nous parvenons à modéliser des phénomènes de trafic routier "multi-voies", comme l'accélération, et la création de zones de vide. Un résultat d'existence et de stabilité des solutions de ce modèle modifié est démontré.
15
Nakhli, Abdelghani. "La mobilité urbaine à Marrakech : enjeux et perspectives." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30007/document.
Full textAbstract:
A Marrakech, circuler dans la ville relève du défi. La ville connaît plusieurs problèmes en termes de mobilité, de stationnement et de transports publics. Les déplacements urbains posent également la question de la fluidité des mouvements, de la sécurité des usagers, de la qualité de vie et de la maîtrise des pollutions sonores et atmosphériques. La mobilité urbaine constitue donc un enjeu actuel et à venir pour la ville de Marrakech. Par ailleurs, la mobilité est un bon indicateur du comportement d’une ville. Comment les Marrakchis se déplacent-ils au quotidien dans leur ville ? Qui se déplace et pour quels motifs ? A quelle fréquence et à quel prix ? Marrakech enregistre 5 millions de mouvements par jour. Sur l’ensemble des déplacements, 60% se font à pied, 21% en deux roues, 15% en voiture et 4% par les transports en commun. Paradoxalement, cette répartition pose déjà des problèmes de congestion et d’insécurité du trafic. Pour quelles raisons Marrakech est-elle arrivée à ce constat ? Quelles sont les mesures mises en place pour améliorer la mobilité urbaine ? D’autres propositions d’amélioration peuvent-elles être apportées en termes de stationnement, de circulation et de transports ?To drive and to walk in Marrakesh is very demanding. Main issues concerns mobility, parking and public transport. The global approach on urban transportation also concerns the freely flowing, the safety of the users, the quality of life as well as the sound and air pollutions. Therefore, urban mobility is a current and a future issue in the city of Marrakesh. Moreover, the concept of urban mobility is a relevant indicator of the urban policy of a city. How do the unhabitants daily move in their city? More precisely, who moves and what are the reasons that lead people to move? What is the frequency of these moves and what is the price to pay for moving? Five millions of daily trips are counted in Marrakesh. These daily trips share out like this way: 60% are on-foot trips, 21% are two-wheels trips, 15% are car trips and 4% are public transport trips. The paradox consists in this sharing already causes problems of traffic jam and insecurity of the roads. How Marrakech has led to this point? What kind of measures have been chosen to improve urban mobility in Marrakesh? Are there other suggestions that could make the parking, the driving and the transportation to get better?
16
Ho, Chia-Che, and 何佳哲. "Simulation-based Control Strategies for Eliminating Urban Networks Traffic Jams." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mu4qw2.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
電機工程學系碩士班
107
With the increasing population of the metropolitan area and the increase of vehicle usage, unexpected incidents occur during the rush hour, which leads to traffic congestion in the metropolitan area. If the traffic congestion can be slowed down quickly, it will be beneficial to the development of the metropolitan area. In this paper, the traffic network with high traffic flow is taken as the research object, and the formation of congestion in the whole road network is analyzed from a macro perspective. Then, the strategies of traffic signal control and forced vehicle direction control are designed through microcosm, and in order to optimize and speed up the traffic congestion resolution, corresponding strategies are applied in the congestion. In the initial stage of the simulation, Aimsun was used to build an 11*11 traffic network model. The ultimate carrying capacity of the traffic road was judged by visual characteristics, and then the maximum traffic flow could be found out. Then, by simulating the traffic incident at the center of the road, the process of traffic congestion was observed step by step, and the effective traffic data at each time interval were collected and analyzed, and different controls were collocated. The strategies include two kinds of policy: the ban traffic signal that is the mandatory vehicle direction and the control traffic signal phase time cycle. The former avoids traffic flow expanding to other areas, the latter accelerates traffic flow that has left congested areas and shortens the duration of temporary blocking traffic flow by traffic lights, and then reduces the vehicle load on the road through the experimental simulation results. It can effectively reduce the overall traffic density and road queue vehicles, which proves that this study can effectively eliminate the congestion caused by traffic accidents.
17
Barlović, Robert [Verfasser]. "Traffic jams : cluster formation in low-dimensional cellular automata models for highway and city traffic / Robert Barlović." 2003. http://d-nb.info/969248830/34.
Full text
18
Fox, Ken. "From roadblocks to traffic jams : a history of three regional libraries in Saskatchewan." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/17068.
Full textAbstract:
Although there was no widespread argument against regional libraries in Saskatchewan, broader political obstacles forced a widespread campaign at local levels, carried out by hundreds of volunteers across the province, guided by a small number of professional librarians, and relentlessly supplemented by a provincial lobby consisting of librarians and trustees. The study finds that there are two distinct strategies used by library advocates in promoting regional libraries. A principal conclusion is that the present regional library system was not the result of government initiative, but of public demand. While the CCF governments between 1944 and 1964 created the infrastructure that enabled regional libraries to exist, the Liberal Government responded to the public lobby in providing the key funding increases that led to the establishment of a province-wide regional library network. This study is derived from and based on primary materials, foremost among them the regional library collections owned by the Saskatchewan Archives Board. I have also used secondary materials to illuminate primary sources.Arts, Faculty of
Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of
Graduate
19
TASI, CHIEH-TING, and 蔡劼廷. "Traffic Signal Chain Scheduling to Relieve Traffic Jam in Intelligent Transportation System." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pgj3q8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
105
For the rapid number increasing of the vehicles, traffic congestion has become a serious problem to people’s life. Traffic congestion may leads some problems e.g., travel delay, fuel consumption, air pollution. Traditional traffic signal based on fixed cycles, which has fixed period schedule, are used to smooth the traffic problem.However, traditional traffic signal can not efficiently deal with the congestion problem. In this paper, we propose method to smooth the traffic congestion problem. In our method, we distinguish the road between congestion or non-congestion. In congestion road, we combine the road with their neighbor road to form a congestion area .First, we configure those traffic signal in the congestion area to become traffic signal chain. The vehicles in congestion area can drive in the traffic signal chain to leave the congestion area. In the road which is distinguished into non- congestion, we consider the road density of current road and neighbor road to schedule to traffic signal to smooth the vehicle in the non-congestion area.The simulation results show that our method can reduce the travel time of vehicles as they travel in the congestion area, as compared with the fixed signal and ITLC[22]. Our method also perform well in the metric of road density variance, road density variance show that our method can spread the vehicle evenly than other methods. Keywords—VANET; Inter-Vehicle Communication; Vehicle-to-Roadside-Unit Communication; Inter-Roadside-Unit Communication; Intelligent Transportation System; Traffic Signal Chain;
20
Alls, Jeffrey David. "Analysis of traffic jam function during Drosophila oogenesis." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=362566&T=F.
Full text
21
Wu, Wei-Pin, and 吳煒斌. "Solving Urban Traffic Jam Problems Using Simulation Method." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xb3zd3.
Full text
22
Lu, Shu-Chen, and 呂書禎. "Route Planning Considering Diffusion Effect to Alleviate Traffic Jam." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13241936666576630539.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
104
As the fast increase of vehicles, traffic jam becomes a severe problem in urban area. We proposed a route planning algorithm to find a route with the lowest travel time. Our system is a decentralized system, and use V2I and I2I communication to exchange information. In our algorithm, we consider the real-time and future traffic information. Moreover, we think each two neighboring roads are dependence, so we add a diffusion mechanism to strengthen the correlation between roads. When a vehicle asks for a route, RSU will plan a route with the lowest cost. In order to adapt to the rapidly changing networks, the vehicle will periodically ask for a renew route. At last, in the simulation result, our method has almost 10% improvement on travel time compared with the opponent.
23
WU, I.-HSAING, and 吳逸翔. "Application of ETC Technology in Intelligent Traffic Jam Avoidance." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04398821421373720591.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
電子工程系
105
With the development of science and technology, the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) is the world's largest highway electronic toll collection system, the electronic charging service (the main lane is located in front of the interchange) Reading technology in the vehicle through the payment mast, the record number, mileage and amount, the study of the use of expressway charges related hardware and software technology, developed for use in major cities, by virtue of this system to determine the road conditions for vehicles Detection, billing and traffic status and other data through the RDS-TMC (Radio Data System; Traffic Message Channel FM subcarrier system - traffic information channel) broadcast transmission technology, transmission to the vehicle satellite navigation, the system will be based on the driver to use the set Such as traffic saving time, avoidance fees, energy saving and shorter routes, etc., and through ETC to obtain the traffic conditions found on the current road to remind the driver to divert or avoid, to effectively grasp Traffic around the road.
24
Liang, Yi-Ju, and 梁依儒. "Analysis Of Highway Traffic-Jam Behavior Through Velocity Detector Data." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44280772148004120210.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
104
Domestic ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) is an advanced equipment that designed for shortening the traveling time between places by providing faster and smoother ways. Traffic-Jam has been improved compared to the past，but it is still happening. The main reasons for it are that traffic flow and vehicles speed change rapidly but the feedback of the changes are always one step behind. Traffic Control Center judge whether the traffic is jammed or not often just base on the Occupancy. According to occupancy and main line’s traffic flow to calculate that how much cars can enter the main line by using Ramp Metering System. And the data doesn’t include the reasons of a traffic jam or how the traffic can be smoothed. The analysis we use here is based on detecting vehicles flow per minute. By these data, we can probe into the pattern of traffic jam and the way to smooth traffic flow. The result shows that both patterns are neither linearity nor collinearity. It reveals that vehicles speeds are obviously different base on each traffic pattern even they are the same occupancy and traffic flow. The future of Traffic Control Center should have known that before using Ramp Metering System to control the traffic flow, including the traffic pattern as the main factor, then target on the traffic speed that main line is required, according to the immediate traffic pattern to adjust the Ramp Metering, we can shorten the travel time and upgrade the level of service of the road
25
Liang, Tsu-Chuan, and 梁祖全. "A Real-Time Control and Management Model on Highway Traffic Jam." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11178252092646941734.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
90
A Real-Time Control and Management Model on Highway Traffic Jam The purpose of this thesis is to create a mechanism, which enables the traffic authority to detect the real-time traffic flow on the spot of the traffic accidents, and further compare the flow with that on the upper part of the highway. Taking advantage of this comparison, we are sure that we can have better control and management over the traffic heading toward the passage of traffic jam. If motorists can benefit from this study and follow the mechanism so any traffic jam caused by accident will be resolved more smoothly. First of all, we look back upon the theories explaining the relations between traffic control at the interchange and traffic flow on the highway and base my study on those findings. Then we introduce models to describe the relations between speed and traffic volume in order to create realistic simulations of highway traffic. I am sure this thesis will prove valuable to future scholars who share interest in the studies of highway traffic control.
26
shyh-chang, fuh, and 傅世昌. "A Study on the Fire Simulation and Rescue Strategies of Road Tunnel Fires with Traffice Jams." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92676762229363823919.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
土木工程與防災科技研究所
94
The highway tunnels become one of important transportation constructions, the lengths of road tunnels become longer which not only give great threats to life safety but also made the fire-fighting more difficult. In addition, the damage to the structure of the tunnel may need months or years of recovery and thus interrupt the operation of highways. It has caused some concerns in this island based on some sever fire experience of long tunnels in the world, especially the high release rate of bus fires. This study tries to focus on the tunnel bus fire in a traffic jam and then to simulate a similar fire scenario in the Snow Mountain Tunnel by using FDS（Fire Dynamics Simulator）. The results can be used for the analysis of fire environment and the creations of fire rescue strategies. This study will be discussed in FDS and its parallel processing theory. The scenario of two buses on fire will be simulated under different jet fan speeds （0 m/s~4 m/s） and then be analyzed based on HRR, temperature, radiation, visibility and back layering, which can be referred in developing the evacuation and rescue strategies.
27
Tsai, Chia-sheng, and 蔡嘉陞. "Improved AMHS Dispatching Routing Rule by Avoiding Traffic Jam and Considering Queueing Theory." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21417528623974172516.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
產業研發碩士班
94
It’s difficult to move 300mm wafer by hand, so usually the material-transporting will rely on the “Automated Material Handling System” (AMHS). The thesis studies with the AMHS of one 300 mm Wafer Fab in Taiwan. When a vehicle transfers a FOUP in interbay to meet ahead vehicles which load/unload FOUPs at a stocker or which are alarm, these will make traffic jam on the path. These will make the FOUP increase the “delivery time”. By traffic jam, it brings up a new dispatching routing rule. The thesis discusses the new dispatching routing rule in three points as following: First, the thesis studies how vehicles avoid traffic jam location. Second, it improves the shortest path routing rule by down time of vehicles. Finally, it uses “Queueing Theory” to estimate the connection between the number of vehicles and queueing time. The queueing time in system of vehicles is as jam time. It composes the jam time of matrix and the adjacency matrix to calculate the shortest path routing rule. Real vehicles distribution changes with time, so my dispatching routing rule updates every fixed time. The thesis finds an optimum path routing of vehicles, and it will reduce the FOUP delivery time.
28
Kuo, Tzu-Han, and 郭思漢. "Dynamic traffic jam forecasting of scenic area - A case study of Sun Moon Lake." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13235460054497242096.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
運輸管理學系碩士班
100
Due to the overwhelming tourists, congestion in some scenic area became a dead lock recently, especially in long vocation. To improve the quality of well-known scenic spot, authority introduces some advanced technologies of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) into this area, and hope that it could response the incident in advance before it gets worse. Sun Moon Lake National Scenic Area is on the top list of well-known spots cross the Taiwan Strait to be the first choice of this study area. With density layout vehicle detector (VD) data, we compare with types of link and node information in order to provide the effective performance index for traffic control in the near future. This study applies weighted average method and extended Kalman Filter for link and node performance assessments separately. Furthermore, to explore the spatial relationships of traffic congestion of upstream and downstream, STARIMA is also included based on a full data by a traffic simulation software, VISSIM. After discussion in details, the congestion of parking lot near major scenic spot is best for traffic control than those from links in surrounded area. Based on the standard threshold of congestion index, the warning call could make one hour in advance with accuracy of 80%.
29
CHANG, KUO-WEI, and 張國威. "The research of the Influence of Motor Driver's Leg Electromyographic Value under Traffic Jam." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8pvnjw.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士在職專班
106
With the popularity of vehicles, the problem of traffic congestion has always been one of the most important issues in each country. According to Directorate General of Highways, MOTC, In 2001, the number of cars was around 5.73 million, but by the recent statistics of April 2018, the number of cars had grown to 7.97 million. Therefore, under the same circumstances, the increase in vehicles has caused traffic congestion in the entire area. This has led to serious traffic jams. Especially for every special major national holiday, the problem of traffic jams on highways is a headache for many car drivers. In the duration of traffic jams, the drivers keep switching between "accelerator" and "brake" pedals is a great burden on the leg muscles. The purposes of this study are as follows: 1. Measured the difference of EMG signals of leg step on "accelerator" and "brake" pedals, when the driver encounters "no congestion" or "traffic jam" on highway. 2. Measured the difference of subjective questionnaires’ answer of leg when step on “accelerator” and “brake” pedals, when the driver of a car encounters “no congestion” and “traffic jam” on the highway. 3. Provide experimental results to domestic and foreign vehicle manufacturers, and expect to use it as a basis for improving or adding active and passive safety equipment when designing new vehicles in the future. Research shows: In terms of EMG signal, when a car driver encounters “no congestion” or “traffic jam” on highway, the p-value of EMG signal of leg when step on “accelerator” or “brake” pedals is 0.125 (p-value>0.05) in the gastrocnemius muscle. Therefore, there is no significant difference on behalf of it. The p-value of EMG signal is 0.013 (p-value<0.05) in the tibialis anterior muscle, therefore represents a significant difference. In the subjective questionnaire scale, In the first phase of the “no congestion” experiment, the average subjective perception of the subjects was about 3.73, corresponding to the scale between "normal" and "not tired". Which means when the driver is not in congestion, the load on the leg muscles is smaller. In the second phase of the “traffic jam” experiment, the average subjective perception of the subjects was about 1.71, corresponding to the scale between "very tired" and "extreme tired". Which means when the driver is in traffic jam, the load on the leg muscles is bigger. As for the uncomfortable level of setting the EMG device, the analysis found that the average value is about 3.9, corresponding to the scale between "comfortable" and "very comfortable". It represents the setting of EMG device does not cause discomfort or interfere with the experimental operation of the subject.
30
Arandjelovic, Milica Gioia. "Gain-of-function analysis of traffic jam, a transcription factor expressed in Drosophila and mouse gonads." 2004. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=81180&T=F.
Full text
31
Karki, Prajwal. "Programmed Translational Readthrough in Drosophila melanogaster." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-13C6-6.
Full text
32
LI, NAN-CHANG, and 李南昌. "Feasibility Study on Reducing National Traffic Jam with Dynamic Ramp Fees--Taking National Road No. 5 as an Example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wtfx39.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南華大學
旅遊管理學系旅遊管理碩士班
107
National Highway No. 5 traffic jam is well known throughout the country. Although the government and the private sector have all envisaged a solution, they have not achieved results.This study attempts to propose a dynamic "ramp fee" charging system that is levied and adjusted in accordance with the serious situation of the traffic jam. Through the understanding of the passers-by to the traffic jam and the willingness to pay the price, we attempted to solve the problem of traffic jam on National Highway No. 5 by means of the "price system". This study uses the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to estimate the willingness to pay for tourists ramp fees, and to explore the impact of population background, environmental attitudes, Charge control approval, Traffic jam tolerance, the impact on it. For the 20-year-old tourists who have visited Yilan, a total of 545 valid samples were obtained.The results of the study found that: (1) The estimated price of the ramp fee estimated by the complex regression model is 10.10 yuan, which is expected to reduce the traffic flow by 52.5%. (2) Charge control approval, environmental attitude, and demographic background are predictive of the willing price of the ramp fee (3) The congestion tolerance is not predictive of the willingness to pay for the ramp.The results of this study can provide reference for relevant management units and subsequent research.
33
Vaz, Ana Paula Marques Gomes de Carvalho. "Veículo Eléctrico de Duas Rodas de Elevado Desempenho." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/20057.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado, em Engenharia Automóvel aprsentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de CoimbraCom esta dissertação pretende-se provar que o veículo eléctrico de duas rodas constitui a via energeticamente mais eficiente para o transporte de pessoas. As mudanças climáticas, a escalada do preço do petróleo e as crises sucessivas da indústria automóvel e da economia, colocaram uma pressão significativa sobre o sector de transportes actuais. A urbanização crescente em muitas regiões, a autonomia e eficiência crescentes dos veículos eléctricos, levaram ao acelerar da penetração deste meio de transporte em contexto urbano. Problemas de poluição e congestionamento decorrentes do intenso tráfego urbano deram lugar a uma maior atenção ao veículo eléctrico, mais propriamente ao de duas rodas.
With this dissertation is intended to prove that the two-wheeled electric vehicle is the vehicle more energy efficient. Climate change, escalating oil prices and successive crises in the automotive industry and the economy, put significant pressure on the existing transport system. The increasing urbanization in many regions and the increasing range and efficiency of electric vehicles, accelerated the penetration of these vehicles in an urban context. Problems of pollution and urban traffic jam underlying led to a wave of attention to the electric vehicle, more specifically the two-wheelers.