Dissertations / Theses: 'Trail running'

1

Sjöö, Sandra, and Anton Estlund. "TRAIL RUNNING GENOM CROSS-MEDIA: : En kvalitativ studie av cross-mediamarknadsföring för John Bauer Trail Run." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27614.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to determine how to attract participants from all over Sweden to partake in the John Bauer Trail Run and increase the awareness of it employing a well planned cross-media strategy. To achieve this purpose a thorough study of litterature and research within the areas cross-media and marketing have been done. The method that was chosen for the study was a small-N-study which is a more quantitative type of case study. Eleven different running events have been examined and interviewed to collect the empirical data. The answers that the interviews produced have been analyzed in combination with the studied litterature and this has resulted in a cross-media strategy for John Bauer Trail Run. The key elements of this strategy is that they should have different purposes for their different marketing channels, some more brand oriented and some more call-to-action. These specific purposes should be taken in consideration each time an advert or a message is to be published in the channel and the content should be adapted accordingly. The results of the study are mainly applicable to John Bauer Trail Run but parts of it can be applied to other trail running-events with similar goals as well. This study was limited by the appointed time and resources regarding how many units that has been studied and that only one method was applied.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Giandolini, Marlène. "Gestion de l'impact et de la fatigue neuromusculaire en trail running." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET009T/document.

Full text

Abstract:

Bien que constitué anatomiquement et physiologiquement pour la course d’endurance, l’Homme est considérablement exposés à diverses blessures musculo-squelettiques liées à la répétition de contraintes mécaniques. Le coureur de trail running par exemple est soumis à de nombreux impacts ainsi qu’à une fatigue et des dommages musculaires sévères. Ces chocs répétitifs et dommages musculaires réduiraient la tolérance du coureur face aux contraintes mécaniques le poussant ainsi à altérer sa cinématique de course. Par conséquent, minimiser les dommages musculo-squelettiques serait déterminant pour la performance en trail running. Des évidences montrent que la pose de pied altère la localisation et l’intensité des contraintes appliquées au système musculo-squelettique. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d’étudier l’influence du pattern de pose de pied sur l’impact et la fatigue neuromusculaire en trail running. Les phases de descente ont été tout particulièrement étudiées du fait qu’elles sont les plus traumatisantes. En effet, ce travail de thèse a mis en évidence qu’en situation de trail running, l’intensité de l’impact augmente lorsque la pente diminue, et que la fatigue neuromusculaire périphérique est aussi sévère à la suite d’une descente isolée qu’après un ultra-trail de plusieurs heures. En étudiant l’influence de la pose de pied adoptée au cours d’une descente en situation de trail running, il a été observé qu’attaquer le sol par l’avant du pied augmentait la fatigue neuromusculaire aux extenseurs du genou. Cependant, une importante variabilité dans les patterns de pose de pied adoptés au cours de la descente a été associée à une baisse de la fatigue neuromusculaire aux extenseurs du genou et fléchisseurs plantaires. L’influence de la pose de pied sur l’intensité du choc et le contenu vibratoire le long des axes axial et transversal a également été démontrée : adopter une attaque talon diminue la sévérité du choc axial mais réduit l’intensité du choc transversal. La principale conclusion est qu’aucun pattern de course ne saurait être universellement recommandé du fait que « changer de pose de pied » est synonyme de « changer la localisation et la magnitude des contraintes appliquées au système musculo-squelettique ». En ce sens, alterner entre différents patterns de course serait une stratégie efficiente en trail running
Although Humans are “born” anatomically and physiologically adapted to long distances run, they are substantially exposed to various musculoskeletal overuse injuries. Trail runners sustain a high number of foot-to-ground contacts and develop severe muscle fatigue and damages. Repetitive shocks and muscle damages would reduce the runners’ tolerance to mechanical strains leading to changes in running kinematics. Minimizing musculoskeletal damages is therefore considered paramount for performance in trail running. Numerous studies highlighted that the foot strike pattern alters the localization and magnitude of the mechanical strains applied on the musculoskeletal system. The main purpose of this thesis was to study the influence of the foot strike pattern on impact and neuromuscular fatigue in trail running. Downhill sections were mainly investigated since they are the most mechanically stressful. Indeed, it was observed from this thesis’ work that, in real trail running practice, the impact intensity increases as the slope decreases, and that the neuromuscular fatigue induced by a single downhill run is as severe as the one induced by an ultratrail race that lasts several hours. Investigating the effect of the foot strike pattern adopted during a downhill trail run on fatigue, it was observed that forefoot striking increases the neuromuscular fatigue at knee extensors. However, a high variability in foot strike patterns adopted was associated to a lower neuromuscular fatigue at both knee extensors and plantar flexors. The effect of the foot strike pattern on axial and transversal shock and vibration content was also demonstrated: heel striking was correlated to a lower impact severity along the axial axis of the skeleton but a greater one along its transversal axis. The main conclusion of this thesis is that no single foot strike pattern should be universally advised due to “changing of foot strike” means “changing the localization and magnitude of the mechanical stress applied on the musculoskeletal system”. Switching between different running patterns might be an efficient strategy in trail running

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Balducci, Pascal. "La place du coût énergétique dans les facteurs de performance en trail running." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1043.

Full text

Abstract:

Le trail running, course nature de distances, dénivelés et technicités variables, est une discipline récente à la popularité croissante. La performance en trail dépend de nombreux facteurs génétiques, énergétiques, techniques, stratégiques et motivationnels. Parmi ces facteurs, le coût énergétique de la locomotion fait débat. Les études de cette Thèse s'attachent aux corrélations plat/montée de cette variable, au calcul d'un coût en pente à partir d'un coût à plat, à l'influence de la modification forcée de la fréquence de foulée sur l'énergie consommée, et à l'impact de la fatigue générée par un ultra trail sur le coût à plat et en montée. La prise en compte des contraintes musculaires et biomécaniques en trail d'une part, des facteurs influençant l'économie de course d'autre part, ainsi que des résultats de notre principale étude de terrain, nous laissent émettre l'hypothèse que le coût énergétique et ses variations pre/post course à plat/montée, ne sont pas des indicateurs de performance de l'activité. La force, l'endurance de force et le pacing, en plus de la puissance aérobie et de l'endurance, sont les variables testées les mieux corrélées à la performance en ultra trail
Trail running is a discipline with increasing popularity over the last 2 decades. Trail performance depends on many genetic, energetic, technical, strategic and motivational factors. Among these factors, the energy cost of locomotion is debated. The studies in this Thesis focus on the level/graded correlations of this variable, on the calculation of an uphill cost from a level cost, on the influence of a forced modification of stride frequency on running economy, and on the impact of fatigue generated by an ultra trail on level and uphill costs. Taking account of the muscular and biomechanical constraints on the one hand, and the factors influencing the running economy on the other hand, as well as the results of our main field study, we hypothesize that energy cost and its pre/post fatigue variations, are not performance indicators of the activity. Force, endurance of force and pacing, in addition to aerobic power and endurance, are the tested variables best correlated to ultra trail performance

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Rochat, Nadège. "Analyse énactive de l'activité en trail et ultra-trail : une approche multi-sourcing." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR037/document.

Full text

Abstract:

L’objectif de cette thèse était d’analyser l’activité en trail et ultra-trail en s’inscrivant dans le paradigme de l’énaction (Varela et al., 1993). Un observatoire multi-sourcing composé de discussions de forum, de récits de courses postés sur les blogs, d’entretiens énactifs et de données en troisième personne caractérisant les accélérations verticales du traileur et de son système de portage a été construit pour mener nos analyses. Les résultats des analyses des discussions de forums ont montré que les traileurs partagent des préoccupations relatives à l’entraînement et la santé. Les résultats des analyses des récits de blogs et des entretiens énactifs ont caractérisé l’activité des traileurs en situation de course, en reportant (a) des gestalts phénoménologiques dont l’agencement temporel a identifié des profils d’activité, (b) des états de vitalité dont la répartition et l’organisation temporelle différaient chez les finisheurs et les abandonneurs et (c) sept étapes-clés impliquées dans les abandons. Les résultats des analyses de l’usage du matériel ont montré que les sensations de ballotement du système de portage reportées par les traileurs étaient confirmées par les données comportementales. Pris dans leur ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que l’activité des traileurs peut être caractérisée avec différentes sources de données, rendant compte des expériences signifiantes multiples énactés en situation. Ils fournissent des implications pratiques pour le champ de la psychologie du sport et transformatives pour les entreprises souhaitant intégrer les utilisateurs dans leur processus de conception
Rooted in the enaction paradigm (Varela et al., 1993), the aim of this thesis was to analyse the activity in trail and ultra-trail running. A multi-sourcing observatory was constructed to conduct our analyses. It was composed of forum discussions posted on the community website of the Raidlight brand, races narratives posted on blogs, enactive interviews and third-person data characterising the vertical oscillations of both the runners and their carrying systems. The results of the discussion forums showed that trail runners share common concerns regarding health and training issues. The results of the blog narratives and enactive interviews analyses characterised trail runners’ activity in race situation, by reporting (a) phenomenological gestalts, which temporal layout identified activity profiles, (b) vitality states, which repartition and temporal organisation differed in finishers and withdrawers and (c) seven key-stages involved in withdrawals. The results of analyses of the use of equipment showed that the sensations of bouncing reported by runners were confirmed by the behavioural data. Taken together, these results suggested that trail runners’ activity can be characterised by different data sources, reporting the various meaningful experiences that trail runners enact in situation. They provide practical and transformative implications for the proposition of an intervention model in sport psychology as well as a proposition of a multi-sourcing conception model for companies, which seek to integrate users in their conception processes

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Camporesi, Pietro. "Problematiche sanitarie nell' Ultra Trail Running: studio di prevalenza e fattori di rischio associati." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

Find full text

Abstract:

Background: Le conoscenze scientifiche sugli infortuni nel Trail Running al momento sono molto ridotte. La rilevazione epidemiologica delle tipologie di infortunio prevalenti e delle associazioni con probabili fattori di rischio, intrinseci ed estrinseci, costituisce il primo passo per una corretta azione preventiva e riabilitativa Obiettivi: Obiettivo primario è la rilevazione della prevalenza di infortuni nelle gare di Trail Running. Obiettivi secondari sono la ricerca di una correlazione tra probabili fattori di rischio, intrinseci (età, genere, BMI) ed estrinseci (volume e tipologia di allenamento, precedenti infortuni, esperienza di corsa, tipologia di scarpe, alimentazioine e idratazione in gara), e il numero di infortuni. Materiali e Metodi: I dati sono stati rilevati mediante la somministrazione di un questionario pre-gara, al momento dell’iscrizione online, e di uno post-gara, immediatamente dopo l’arrivo delle competizioni, a due gare di Trail Running del nord italia: la “Ultra Trail Via Degli Dei 2019” e la “Dolomiti Extreme Race 2019”. Risultati: Nel campione di 858 soggetti è stata rilevata una prevalenza di infortuni in gara del 79,8%, con coscia (28,6%) e ginocchio (17,6%) le localizzazioni più frequenti. La maggior parte delle problematiche sono subentrate gradualmente (74,5%), su terreno sterrato (69,2%) e in discesa (70%). Le uniche variabili ad aver influito in maniera significativa sull’ insorgenza di problemi in gara sono state la riduzione dell’età (OR 0,962; IC95% 0,938 - 0,986) e l’aumento del BMI (OR 1,205; IC95% 1,082 - 1,340). Conclusioni: Il presente studio ha rilevato l’alta prevalenza di problematiche sanitarie nelle gare di Trail Running e ha messo in luce il ruolo di età e BMI come probabili fattori di rischio per infortunio. Per indagare le patologie specifiche nelle gare di Trail Running sono necessari ulteriori studi, nei quali si consiglia di considerare sempre un parametro relativo all’ intensità di corsa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

ÅHLIN, ÅSA. "A cleaner kind of dirt : Naturally dyed trail wear for wild running forest gatherers." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18173.

Full text

Abstract:

Natural Dye, Chemical, Trail running, Sportswear, Sustainable, Pigments, Chromatic, Toxins, Print, Dye, Dirt.Sammanfattning på engelska: This work explores natural dye’s ability to be used for trail running wear. The sustainable aspects in the clothing industry includes the production of nontoxic textiles that do not pollute in the production process nor when using the textile close to our bodies. Natural dyes usually have low toxicity and are produced from renewable resources. The explorative nature of trail running is used as a guideline and an entrance exam for the dyed fabrics to prove wash- and lightfastness durable for the sport. The idea of colouring clothes directly with nature is present in dirt prints printed with natural pigments. Organic printing with rust and vegetable oil is explored as an alternative to screen printing. The movements and comfort of running outdoors is understood by body indicated experiments as a method. Pattern construction is made from movement and sensation by exposing the body to friction, dirt and cold air. The results of these experiments were together with reshaping existing run wear the construction method. This work suggests viewing colour as nonstatic and with more dimensions such as locality and smell. By using slow dye processes and locally accessible dye materials unique expressions from natural dyes, prints and patinations can enhance sportswear in the appearance, health and environmental aspect.
Program: Modedesignutbildningen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ehrström, Sabine. "Analyse de la performance en trail courte distance : Déterminants physiologiques, spécificité de la sollicitation musculaire et stratégies d’optimisation." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4104.

Full text

Abstract:

Ce projet de thèse se situe dans une perspective d’amélioration des connaissances scientifiques dans le domaine du trail courte distance, une activité outdoor en plein essor. A l’intermédiaire entre les épreuves de course sur route “traditionnelles” et les épreuves d’ultra-trail, le trail courte distance a peu été abordé spécifiquement dans la littérature. Le premier objectif était de caractériser les déterminants physiologiques de la performance lors des épreuves de trail courte distance chez une population de coureurs très entrainés, à partir d’une interface d’évaluations entre des protocoles en laboratoire et une épreuve officielle, afin d’établir un modèle de performance plus adapté que le modèle de la course en endurance traditionnelle sur route, par l’inclusion de variables spécifiques. Ainsi, l’identification de l’endurance musculaire comme un facteur majeur de la performance a ensuite conduit à envisager le port de textile de compression comme une stratégie externe de préservation musculaire pendant l’effort. Le second objectif était donc d’étudier l’impact aigu et retardé du port de textile de compression lors d’un trail courte distance ou lors d’un exercice excentrique intense (i.e. course en descente prolongée) sur les vibrations des tissus mous, les paramètres neuromusculaires et énergétiques et les douleurs musculaires aigues et retardées chez des coureurs de trail très entrainés. L'atténuation des vibrations des tissus mous induite par le port de textile à haute intensité de compression peut contribuer, au moins en partie, à la réduction du déficit d’activation volontaire mesuré immédiatement après l’épreuve de trail ou la course en descente et à l'amélioration de la fonction neuromusculaire en phase de récupération. Nos résultats suggèrent que l'utilisation de textile à haute intensité de compression pendant l’effort exercerait un « effet protecteur mécanique », pouvant ainsi constituer une stratégie externe pour tolérer une charge d'entraînement élevée ou optimiser le processus de récupération dans les courses à plusieurs étapes
This thesis project aimed at improving scientific knowledge in the field of short distance trail running, a “booming” outdoor activity. Situated between "traditional" road races and ultra-trail races, limited research has focused on the analysis of short distance trail running. The first objective was to characterize the physiological determinants of performance during short distance trail running races in a population of highly trained runners, using an experimental setting between laboratory protocols and an official event, in order to establish a performance model more suited than the traditional endurance road running model, by including specific variables. Thus, the identification of muscular endurance as a major factor in performance led to consider the wearing of compression textiles as an external strategy for muscle function preservation during exercise. The second objective was therefore to study the acute and delayed impact of wearing a compression garments during a short distance trail or during an intense eccentric exercise (ie. downhill running) on the vibrations of the soft tissues, the neuromuscular and energetics parameters and acute and delayed muscle soreness in highly trained trail runners. The attenuation of soft tissue vibrations induced by wearing high intensity compression garments may contribute, at least in part, to the reduction of the voluntary activation deficit measured immediately after the trail or downhill run and to the improvement of neuromuscular function in the recovery phase. Our results suggest that the use of garments with high compression intensity during exercise could exert a “mechanical protective effect”, which could therefore constitute an external strategy to tolerate a high training load or optimize the recovery process in multi-stage races

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Emiliani, Francesco <1989&gt. "Piano di sviluppo, Strategie, Branding e analisi sulla penetrazione di un nuovo mercato. The North Face e il trail running." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8001.

Full text

Abstract:

Questo progetto ha lo scopo di indicare le strategie migliori per la penetrazione di un nuovo mercato, verrà trattato il caso del mercato del trail running da parte del brand The North Face. Dopo un’attenta acquisizione di dati di mercato per capire l’andamento di questo settore si analizza la struttura della concorrenza, evidenziando quelli che sono i protagonisti e la loro presenza sul territorio. L’importanza del panorama di The North Face e le sue attivazione nel settore del trail running sono descritte a fondo, in maniera tale da capirne le potenzialità e i suoi sviluppi futuri per la penetrazione del mercato e l’inserimento del brand in questo settore. L’elaborato presenta una profonda analisi delle rilevazioni di due esperti del mondo tecnico della corsa non in strada e degli eventi legati ad essa. Inoltre vengono effettuate analisi date da un questionario, con il quale si sono raccolte molteplici informazioni sul mercato del trail running, sull’acquisto di capi di abbigliamento del settore e sulla percezione emozionale del brand inserito in un ottica di questo tipo. La strategia finale comprende una serie di attivazioni ed interventi che vengono proposti per aumentare l’awareness e le vendite di The North Face nel mercato preso in considerazione, i quali sono stati concepiti in linea con la brand guidelines e i principi etici del brand.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Vermand, Stéphane. "Gestion des modifications podales et des pressions plantaires en ultra-trail par des semelles orthopédiques équipées de barres rétro-capitales métatarsiennes." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS005/document.

Full text

Abstract:

La course d'ultra-trail en montagne provoque de nombreuses altérations d'ordre biomécaniques, physiologiques, neuro-musculaires, posturales et psychologiques qui peuvent engendrer certaines blessures. Cependant, assez peu d'études se sont intéressées aux modifications que peuvent subir les pieds. C'est dans ce cadre que nous avons réalisé 3 études. La première effectuée auprès de 10 coureurs a montré que les avants-pieds s'élargissent et la pression plantaire sous l'avant-pied augmente à partir de la mi-distance d'une épreuve d'ultra-trail de 170 km (UTMB®). La surpression sous l'avant-pied qui est due au déplacement vers l'avant du centre de pression, est susceptible d'accroitre le risque de fracture de fatigue des métatarses. Ces modifications qui ont été observées jusqu'à la fin de la compétition sont probablement liées à la fatigue des sujets. Pour contrecarrer ces modifications, nous avons proposé d'utiliser des semelles orthopédiques moulées comportant chacune une barre rétro capitale (BRC) placée en arrière des têtes métatarsiennes. La 2ème étude réalisée chez 48 coureurs a montré que cet élément orthopédique permet lors du maintien de la posture debout de diminuer les pressions plantaires sous les avants-pieds, de reculer le centre de pression, mais aussi les centres articulaires de la hanche, des épaules et de la tête. La 3ème étude avait pour objectif d'évaluer chez 10 coureurs à pieds l'effet immédiat, à court terme (après 4 semaines) et moyen terme (après 12 semaines) du port des semelles BRC sur la répartition des pressions plantaires et la cinématique articulaire. Un groupe contrôle de taille égale a utilisé pendant la même période des semelles moulées qui ne comportaient aucun élément orthopédique. Cette étude longitudinale a montré que les pressions plantaires sous les têtes métatarsiennes étaient réduites immédiatement avec le port des semelles BRC. Après 4 semaines, cette réduction s'accentuait et l'angle de flexion de la cheville était augmenté lors de l'appui. Après 12 semaines, l'extension maximale du genou était augmentée et la plupart de ces modifications étaient aussi observées même si les sujets utilisent des semelles plates. Aucune variable n'a été modifiée chez les sujets du groupe contrôle. En ce qui concerne les applications pratiques de ces travaux de thèse, au regard de nos résultats, nous pouvons conseiller aux coureurs de longue distance soufrant de douleur au niveau de l'avant-pied de choisir des chaussures un peu plus larges et, d'utiliser des semelles orthopédiques BRC pour réduire la pression sous l'avant-pied
Mountain Ultra Marathon is causing many biomechanical, physiological, neuromuscular, postural and psychological alterations which can lead to certain injuries. However, there are few studies has been focused on the feet. In this context, we conducted three original studies. The first one, performed with 10 runners has shown that the front feet width and the plantar pressure under the forefoot has increased from the mid-distance of a 170km ultra-trail race (UTMB®). The overpressure under the forefoot is due to the forward displacement of the center of pressure which may increase the risk of stress fracture of the metatarsals. These changes that were observed until the end of the competition are probably related to the increase of muscular fatigue of the subjects. In opposition of these changes, we proposed to use moulded orthopaedic insoles that comprising a metatarsal retro-capital bar (MRCB) placed behind the metatarsal heads. The second study carried out in 48 runners has shown that this MRCB element allows to reduce the plantar pressures under the front feet during the standing support by moving backward the center of pressure, and also the hip, the shoulders and the head. The objective of the third study was to evaluate the immediate, short-term (after 4 weeks) and medium-term (after 12 weeks) effect of wearing MRCB insoles on plantar pressure distribution and joint kinematics during running with 10 runners. A similar control group of equal size used during the same period of training moulded insoles without orthopaedic element. This longitudinal study showed that the plantar pressures under the metatarsal heads were reduced immediately with wearing MRCB soles. After 4 weeks, this reduction was accentuated and the ankle's angle of flexion was increased during the stride support. After 12 weeks, the maximum knee extension was increased and most of these changes described aboved were also observed even if the subjects used flat insoles. Any significant changes have been observed in the control group whatever the test period. Regard to these results, we can advise long-distance runners that suffer of pain in the forefoot region to choose slightly larger shoes and to use MRCB orthopaedic insoles to reduce pressure under the forefoot

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Degli, Esposti Ilaria. "Analisi dei parametri caratterizzanti la fase di appoggio nella corsa tramite l’utilizzo dei sensori inerziali." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

Find full text

Abstract:

La tesi consiste in una revisione della letteratura incentrata sull’analisi dei parametri caratterizzanti la fase di appoggio nella corsa tramite l’utilizzo dei sensori inerziali. Il primo capitolo presenta un breve resoconto della storia dell’analisi del movimento umano; il secondo tratta degli strumenti disponibili per effettuare l’analisi del movimento in ambiente sportivo; il terzo capitolo analizza la biomeccanica della corsa. Inizialmente è presentata una descrizione generica dell’analisi della corsa poi la trattazione si incentra sulla definizione ed identificazione del tipo di appoggio del piede al suolo mediante diversi dispositivi quali stereofotogrammetria e pedane di forza; infine il quarto capitolo, approfondisce l’utilizzo dei sensori inerziali nell’identificazione del foot strike pattern presentando nello specifico il metodo validato da Giandolini. Per concludere sono riportati due studi che utilizzano il metodo Giandolini per analizzare il metodo di corsa effettuato durante competizioni di trail running.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Lancelevé, Simon. "Quêtes de résonance dans un jeu d’endurance radical : la Chartreuse Terminorum." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAG015.

Full text

Abstract:

La thèse porte sur les coureurs de la Chartreuse Terminorum. Course à pied radicale que personne n’avait finie à l’aube de ce travail. De 2019 à 2022, nous avons mené une ethnographie pour comprendre leurs manières d’agir. Ce suivi longitudinal (n=9) nous a peu à peu orienté vers la question de la vie bonne. L’épreuve émerge alors tel un jeu total, fort de promesses de résonance, perçues comme un accès à cette vie bonne (Rosa, 2018). Les résultats montrent que ces promesses répondent à des quêtes, liées à des dispositions. Le tout dessine des cartes cognitives qui mettent en jeu les coureurs de différentes manières. Quatre styles, inspirés de Bartle (1996), font ainsi surface : le convivial, le jusqu’au-boutiste, le performeur et le découvreur. Si chacun adopte un style dominant, les résultats montrent des changements au gré des situations. D’eux découlent des expériences résonantes. À l’inverse d’études antérieures, l’athlète n’est plus ici cantonné à des catégories et à des motifs figés. Chaque parcours traduit une série de recompositions, qui lui confère sa singularité et sa cohérence. De cette façon, la thèse éclaire des paradoxes et des engagements pluriels
The thesis focuses on the runners of the Chartreuse Terminorum. At the beginning of this research, no one had finished this radical race. From 2019 to 2022, we led an ethnographic study to understand and explain the ways of acting of these people, through a socio-anthropological approach. The follow-up of nine runners entailed the emergency of the ‘good life’ theory. The race is seen as a total game, with promises of resonance, perceived as access to this ‘good life’. The results show that these promises respond to quests, linked to dispositions. Everything draws cognitive maps that involve runners in different ways. Four styles emerged (the friendly/the diehard/the performer/the discoverer), inspired by Bartle (1996). If everyone adopts a dominant style, results show adaptations according to situations that generate experiences of resonance. Contrary to previous research, athletes are not limited to fixed categories and patterns. Each trajectory translates series of recompositions, giving its singularity and consistency. Consequently, this thesis highlights paradox and plural commitments

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Schmidt, Christopher Easthope. "Réduction de la fatigue musculaire en trail : mécanismes et stratégies." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923173.

Full text

Abstract:

L'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d'analyser les stratégies de réduction de la fatigue musculaire en course de trail et potentiellement d'identifier certains paramètres d'influence de cette fatigue. La course de trail est un nouveau sport en essor qui induit une combinaison spécifique de fatigue et dommages musculaires des principaux muscles locomoteurs. Afin de pouvoir conduire des études interventionnelles, une étude descriptive préliminaire a été conduite pour caractériser la fatigue spécifique et les dommages musculaires induits par ce type d'épreuve de trail. Ensuite, la reproductibilité du trail comme modèle de fatigue a été vérifiée afin de pouvoir l'utiliser dans un contexte d'intervention. Enfin, deux études visant à réduire la fatigue induite par le trail ont été conduites. D'une part l'utilisation des vêtements de compression - très à la mode en trail a été analysée comme stratégie d'optimisation de la performance. D'autre part, a aussi été étudié l'effet d'un réchauffement préalable du muscle sur les dommages musculaires : Dans cette optique, une étude contrôlée en laboratoire a été menée, examinant les effets d'un réchauffement passif sur les conséquences fonctionnelles de course en descente chez une population non-entraînée. En résumé, les travaux conduits au sein de cette thèse fournissent une description de la fatigue en trail, et valident l'utilisation du trail comme modèle reproductible de terrain pour investiguer les stratégies de réduction de la fatigue. De plus, ils relativisent l'effet positif des vêtements de compression sur la performance et montrent le lien fonctionnel entre le réchauffement musculaire et la réduction des dommages musculaires induits par un travail excentrique.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Lemire, Marcel. "Optimisation de la performance en trail : étude des réponses cardiorespiratoires et des facteurs de la performance en course en montée vs descente." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ029/document.

Full text

Abstract:

Il est bien établi chez les physiologistes, que si l’exercice de course en montée sollicite préférentiellement des contractions musculaires concentriques, l’exercice de course en descente requiert des actions musculaires frénatrices, majoritairement excentriques. L’exercice de course en descente à intensité sous-maximale génère un stimulus mécanique plus important pour un niveau de sollicitation métabolique moindre (i.e., V̇O2). Basée sur 3 études expérimentales, cette thèse de doctorat explore la physiologie spécifique de la course en déclivité, ainsi que ses prédicteurs physiologiques. Notre première étude montre une amplitude des réponses cardiorespiratoires amoindrie, une ventilation plus superficielle et une composante lente négative de consommation d’oxygène et de fréquence cardiaque en course en descente versus montée à vitesse constante et identique (8,5 km·h-1, pente de 15%). Lors de tests incrémentaux maximaux en course en descente vs montée vs plat, notre 2ème, partie A étude démontre que des coureurs bien entraînés, familiarisés avec la course en descente, peuvent atteindre FCmax, mais pas V̇O2max en descente. Lorsque les courses en descente et montée sont réalisées à même intensité métabolique (70% V̇O2max), notre 2ème (B) étude démontre que la course en descente (19 km·h-1, pente de -15%) induit des réponses cardiorespiratoires supérieures (FC et V̇E), une composante lente de V̇O2 significative et engendre une fatigue supérieure à la course en montée (6 km·h-1, pente de +15%). Enfin, une étude de terrain (étude 3) montre que les performances de 5 km de course en montée et en descente partagent quelques prédicteurs physiologiques communs (V̇O2max, force musculaire des membres inférieurs), bien que dans des proportions différentes. De plus, ces deux contre-la-montre sont également déterminés par des prédicteurs physiologiques spécifiques (i.e., raideur musculo-tendineuse en descente et indice de masse corporelle en montée). Nos résultats améliorent notre compréhension de la physiologie spécifique à la course en descente vs montée et ouvrent la voie des applications à l’entraînement des traileurs avec le but ultime d’optimiser leur performance
It is admitted that uphill running mostly elicits concentric muscle actions whereas downhill running requires braking muscle actions inducing preferentially eccentric muscle action. Consequently, high running speed can be achieved in downhill (i.e., a high level of mechanical stress), despite low metabolic demands (i.e., low metabolic power). Using 3 experimental studies, this doctoral thesis explores the specific physiology of downhill vs uphill running as well as its physiological determinants. Our first study shows lower magnitude of the cardiorespiratory responses, a more superficial ventilation pattern and inverse V̇O2 and HR slow components in submaximal constant and same downhill vs uphill running velocity (8,5 km·h-1, 15% slope). During maximal incremental downhill vs uphill and level running, our study 2 part A demonstrates that well-trained endurance athletes, accustomed to downhill running, can reach maximal heart rate but not V̇O2max in downhill running. When downhill and uphill running are performed at similar metabolic demand (70% V̇O2max), our study 2 part B demonstrates that downhill running (19 km·h-1, -15% slope) elicits greater cardiorespiratory responses (HR and V̇E), a significant V̇O2 slow component and exacerbates muscle fatigue compared to uphill running (6 km·h-1, +15% slope). Finally, a field study (study 3) shows that 5-km downhill vs uphill running performances share some physiological predictors (V̇O2max, lower limb muscle strength) although in different proportions. In addition, this study also demonstrates that both time-trial performances are also determined by specific physiological predictors (i.e., musculotendinous stiffness for downhill and body mass index for uphill running). All in all, our results further our understanding of the specific physiology of downhill vs uphill running and open the way to training applications in trail runners with the ultimate goal to optimize trail running performance

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Saba, David Joseph. "Validation of Running Symmetry Using Trunk Mounted Accelerometry: Clinical Trial and Case Study." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73307.

Full text

Abstract:

Trunk-mounted monitoring equipment like GPSports SPIHPU units are designed to use global positioning (GPS), accelerometer and heart rate monitoring to evaluate the physical demands of an activity. A medical staff might also consider markers such as running symmetry in evaluation of injury occurrence and rehabilitation. A running symmetry is a ratio of the synchronization of the right and left lower limbs during the gait cycle. An asymmetry due to, a pathology or musculoskeletal injury, results in abnormal loading on the foot that may be detected by trunk-mounted accelerometry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of SPIHPU units to detect running asymmetry. Subjects wore the HPISPU units (100Hz, 16g tri-axial accelerometer, 50Hz magnetometer) while engaged in various running activities. In the first study, artificially inducing a leg length discrepancy led to a difference between running symmetry scores. This discrepancy was confirmed using individual accelerometers attached to the lower leg near the foot. Next, varying running speed did not result in differences in running symmetry. However, the SPIHPU units did detect a running asymmetry between fatigued and non-fatigued conditions. Finally, two case studies showed that the units could identify asymmetry immediately after a lower leg injury and during rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. The results of this study show that the HPUSPI units can be reliably used to monitor running symmetry and to detect asymmetrical gait patterns.
Master of Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Kahnert, Pascal. "Development and Optimisation ofInnovative Running Gear Conceptsfor an Ultra-High-Speed Train." Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180438.

Full text

Abstract:

Since the last ten to 15 years, railway operators have to face new challenges which are an increased demand on comfort and high safety requirements, increased energy costs and the high competitive market situation. German Aerospace Center, DLR is designing a novel concept of an ultra-high-speed train with distributed propulsion system—the Next Generation Train (NGT). It consists of two Power units and eight powered intermediate cars. The intermediate cars are characterised by powered single-wheel single running gears supporting the low-floor concept within the whole train, re-sulting in both effective usage of the inner space but less space for the run-ning gears itself. Additionally, the traditional guiding system with wheel-sets cannot be applied. The first goal of this Master’s thesis is the analysis of the state of the art for unconventional running and driving gears to get an overview of possi-ble and operating technologies. Based on this research and previous spec-ifications for the train, a technical specification for the running gear was created. This led to the development of a number of different concepts un-der consideration of the available space and an optimised arrangement of relevant components. After a conclusion and evaluation of these concepts, a CAD implementation of the relevant structural elements of the selected variant is the final goal of this thesis. Additionally to the technical specifi-cations, the focus lies on lightweight design to support the stringent weight concept of the NGT. However, the accessibility for assembling and mainte-nance is considered, too. The result is a CAD model of only one of doubtless more than a dozen possible variants. Hence, possible changes at specific parts are addressed; advantages and disadvantages were discussed. Finally, the concept was evaluated on the basis of the underlying technical specification.
Järnvägsoperatörer har under de senaste 15 åren stött på nya utmaningar genom ökade krav på komfort och säkerhet, högre energikostnader och en starkt konkurrensutsatt marknat. German Aerospace Center, DLR, arbetar med att ta fram ett nytt koncept för ett ultra-höghastighetståg – The Next Generation Train (NGT). Det består av två lok och åtta mellanliggande motorvagnar. Samtliga motorvagnar har ett genomlöpande lågt golv, ett koncept som möjliggörs genom att använda drivna oberoende roterande hjul, vilket resulterar i ett effektivt utnyttjande av vagnsutrymmet tack vare att framdrivningsutrustningen kräver mindre plats. Detta vore inte möjligt med traditionella hjulpar. Det första målet med det här examensarbetet är att genom analys av den nya tekniken för löp- och drivutrustning få en överblick över tänkbara och redan tillämpade tekniker. Baserat på denna studie och tidigare specifikationer för tåget kunde en teknisk kravspecifikation för löp-utrustningen tas fram. Flera olika koncept utvecklades med hänsyn till det tillgängliga utrymmet och med en optimerad disponering av relevanta komponenter. De olika koncepten sammanställdes och utvärderades, varefter ett av dessa valdes för vidare implementering i CAD, vilket var examensarbetets slutgiltiga mål. Utöver den tekniska kravspecifikationen så ligger fokus på att skapa en lättviktsdesign som uppfyller NGT-tågets hårda viktkrav, men även tillgängligheten för montering och service har beaktats. Resultatet är en CAD-modell av en av de tveklöst mer än tjugotal andra möjliga varianterna. Därför har potentiella förändringar av specifika delar belysts och dess fördelar och neckdelar har diskuterats. Slutligen så har det valda konceptet utvärderats utifrån den underliggande tekniska kravspecifikationen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Lukaszewicz, Piotr. "Energy Consumption and Running Time for Trains : modelling of running resistance and driver behaviour based on full scale testing." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3185.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Schutte, Lynne. "The effect of repeated bouts of downhill training on running performance and recovery after a 30-km time trial." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26545.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: The present study was designed to examine the effect of repeated bouts of either downhill or level running on running performance in, and recovery from, a 30-km time trial. Methods: Sixteen male subjects with a mean (± SD) age of 33.8 ± 5.8 years, body mass of 72.0 ± 7.3 kg and a stature of 176.6 ± 4.5 cm were randomly allocated to either a downhill (n=9) or a level group (n=7). The protocol consisted of a training phase, followed by a 30-km time trial and a recovery phase. During the training phase subjects ran either at a -10% grade (downhill group) or a 0% grade (level group) on a treadmill for nine 40-minute training runs [70% of peak treadmill running speed (PTRS)]. Thereafter all the subjects participated in a 30-km time trial (70% of PTRS), where heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and stride length (SL) were recorded, followed by five 15-minute submaximal recovery runs. The first recovery run was performed before the start of the training phase and again on four occasions after the 30-km time trial. HR, RPE, SL, minute ventilation (Vi), oxygen consumption (VO₂), carbon dioxide production (VCO₂) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were recorded during these 15-minute runs. Plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity and muscular soreness were assessed for the duration of the study. Results: HR decreased in the downhill group during the training phase, suggesting a HR training effect. Muscle pain and plasma CK activity in the downhill group increased after the first 40-minute downhill training run. These indicators of muscle damage did not show any further increases during the training phase, suggesting a "repeated bout effect". Towards the end of the 30-km time trial the level group, showed a greater heart rate drift (HRD) and an increased RPE, suggesting that they were not able to resist fatigue to the same extent as the downhill group. HR and RPE recorded during the recovery phase suggested that the downhill group showed a better recovery after the 30-km time trial. During the recovery phase the downhill group experienced no increase in muscle pain after performing the 30-km time trial, in contrast to the level group who experienced muscle pain for five days after the 30-km time trial. Plasma CK activity, was blunted after the 30-km time trial in the downhill group in contrast to the level group. Conclusion: The results of the investigation support the hypothesis that the inclusion of downhill training into a training program cause changes, which can be interpreted as enhancing performance during an endurance event and recovery after the event.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Blazek, Alisa D. "A Simulated Altitude Device can Improve Endurance Performance without Mucosal Immune System Compromise." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1267567607.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kirkman, Mark Courtney. "The reliability of 10 km treadmill time trial performance and the effect of different high intensity interval training strategies on 10 km running performance and associated physiological parameters." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15517.

Full text

Abstract:

The reliability and validity of a performance test is important in research to detect meaningful performance differences following an intervention. In accordance with this, the aim of the first study of this thesis was to investigate the reliability and validity of a self-paced 10 km treadmill time trial. This performance measure was then used in the main section of this thesis. This comprised a large training intervention study aimed to answer specific questions following three different high intensity interval training programmes. In particular, changes in 10 km running performance were investigated with respect to various physiological parameters, both immediately following the training intervention, as well as during a subsequent three-week taper period. Methods In the first study, a group of well-trained male runners (n = 8) completed four 10 km treadmill time trials and two 10 km track time trials. Comparisons in performance time were made between the 10 km treadmill time trials to determine the typical percent error between these trials. Additionally, comparisons were made between the track and treadmill time trials. In the second study, well-trained male runners(n = 32) were randomly assigned to one of four groups; a control group, a 400 m interval group, a 1600 m interval group and a mixed (400 m and 1600 m) interval group. The intensity of the intervals was based on the participants' current 10 km time trial time. The high intensity training interventions consisted of eight interval sessions (twice per week) over a four-week period followed by a three-week singlestep30% reduction in total training volume (while maintaining training frequency and some intensity) in all groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Valentim, Raphael Mota. "Análise de edital e apresentação gráfica dos cálculos cinemáticos e elétricos via software da simulação de marcha de composição ferroviária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-15122016-150501/.

Full text

Abstract:

Com o crescimento da população, os países, estados e cidades identificam a necessidade de realizar investimentos em infraestrutura, transporte e outros. A proposta do presente trabalho é apresentar uma ferramenta, utilizada para atender a demanda de um edital de licitação, expondo à Companhia de Trens Metropolitanos de São Paulo, um exemplo da parte de um edital internacional para aquisição de um meio de transporte rápido e eficiente. Para tal finalidade, são analisadas e filtradas as informações contidas no edital para realizar a simulação de marcha de uma composição ferroviária, através de um software específico. Por fim, na forma gráfica ilustram-se os cálculos cinemáticos e elétricos do comportamento que o sistema de potência irá desempenhar, mostrando que atende aos requisitos do edital de licitação.
With growing of population, countries, states and cities have identified the necessity to perform investiments in infrastructure, transportation, among others. The purpose of this dissertation is to present a tool, used to meet the request of a bidding document, presenting to Metropolitan Train Company of São Paulo one example of part of an international bidding to an acquisition of a rapid and efficient transportation. For this purpose, information of bidding document are analised and filtered to make a running simulation of a train composition throught a specific software. Finally, one application of this method is presented in a graphical form containing kinematic and electrical calculations of the behavior that power system will perform, showing that system meets the requiriments of bidding document.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Vasconcelos, Bruna de Abreu. "Preocupações nutricionais entre os praticantes de trail running: uma análise comparativa entre os atletas de trail, ultra trail e trail endurance." Master's thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/4062.

Full text

Abstract:

Introdução: O trail running é um desporto que tem registrado um crescimento exponencial na última década, a nível regional, nacional e internacional. Um dos principais cuidados de seus praticantes são com as preocupações nutricionais, pois estas podem definir o sucesso ou o fracasso nas provas. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: (i) Identificar e caracterizar os pro fissionais que apoiam e acompanham os participantes na realização no desporto de trail running; (ii) Caracterizar as principais preocupações dos participantes num evento de trail running (MIUT 2017), nas 24 horas antes e depois da realização da prova, bem como durante a prova, e (iii) estudar as diferenças nas preocupações nutricionais entre os atletas que partici param nos diferentes tipos de provas (trail curto, trail ultra médio, trail ultra longo e trail ultra endurance). Metodologia: Este estudo é de natureza transversal, onde foram avaliados 713 participantes de um evento de trail running, o Madeira Island Trail Running edição 2017 (MIUT 2017). Foram recolhidos os dados através de questionários composto de quatro se ções, sendo apenas uma utilizada nesta pesquisa: secção iv: apoio técnico e preocupações nu tricionais) foi. Resultados: A maioria dos atletas reporta não possuir apoio técnico de qual quer tipo de profissional (55,7%). Dos que possuem acompanhamento profissional, 75% dos casos são de um profissional do desporto, 44,6%, de um fisioterapeuta, 27,5% dos casos, de um nutricionista e 14,6%, de um coaching (p<0,05). Sensivelmente, 3 em cada 4 participantes dizem possuir preocupações nutricionais nas 24 horas que antecedem a participação na prova, porém, este não é um dado significativo, se analisado pelos diferentes tipos de prova (p>0,05). A grande maioria dos participantes (89,0%) possui preocupações nutricionais durante a prova, atentando, principalmente, para a hidratação e reposição de hidratos de carbono. A maioria dos participantes reporta possuir cuidados nutricionais nas 24h após a prova (70%) (p>0,05). Conclusões: Ainda é baixa a proporção de atletas que recorre ao apoio técnico profissional, principalmente, de nutricionistas, e isso implica o baixo percentual de atletas que possuem um plano nutricional específico. Existem preocupações nutricionais dos participantes do MIUT 2017, no entanto, ainda não se configuram como satisfatórias, se comparadas às indicações da literatura especializada.
Introduction: Trail running is a sport that has been growing in the midst of nature activities. One of the main cares of its practitioners is with nutritional concerns, as these can define suc cess or failure in the tests. The objectives of this research were: (i) To identify and character ize the professionals who support and accompany the participants in carrying out trail running sport; (ii) Characterize the main concerns of participants in a trail running event (MIUT 2017), in the 24 hours before and after the test, as well as during the test, and (iii) study the differences in prices. nutritional information among athletes who participated in different types of events (short trail, ultra medium trail, ultra long trail and ultra endurance trail). Methodology: This study is cross-sectional, where 713 participants of a trail running event, the Madeira Island Trail Running 2017 edition (MIUT 2017) were evaluated. Data were col lected through questionnaires composed of four sections, with only one being used in this research: section iv: technical support and nutritional concerns) was. Results: Most athletes report not having technical support from any type of professional (55.7%). Of these, 75% of cases belong to a sports professional, 44.6% to a physical therapist, 27.5% to a nutritionist and 14.6% to a coaching (p<0.05). Significantly, 3 out of 4 participants say they have nutritional concerns in the 24 hours prior to participating in the test, however, this is not significant if analyzed by the different types of test (p>0.05). The vast majority of participants (89.0%) have nutritional concerns during the test, paying particular attention to hydration and carbo hydrate replacement. Most participants report having nutritional care within 24 hours after the test (70%) (p>0.05). Conclusions: The proportion of athletes who resort to professional tech nical support, mainly from nutritionists, is still low, and this implies the low percentage of athletes who have a specific nutritional plan. There are nutritional concerns of MIUT 2017 participants, however, they are not yet configured as satisfactory, compared to the indications in the specialized literature.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Santiago, Carlos Miguel Prinas. "Trail Running: modelo e potencial territorial enquanto produto turístico." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/18234.

Full text

Abstract:

A procura crescente por formas de turismo alternativo e responsável, com especial enfoque no segmento do turismo na natureza, torna fulcral a aposta em atividades sustentáveis realizadas em meio natural, por forma a valorizar os recursos dos territórios em que possam ser desenvolvidas, bem como tirar partido de outros efeitos multiplicadores que podem ser gerados. Seguindo esta tendência, em Portugal, o crescimento e sucesso do turismo na natureza tem sido acompanhado pela expansão do subsetor da animação turística e das atividades de desporto na natureza e de aventura. Este estudo aborda uma das mais recentes modalidades integradas no turismo na natureza, o trail running, cujo crescimento a nível nacional e internacional tem sido notório. Pretende-se com esta dissertação investigar o potencial do trail running enquanto produto turístico, no que respeita aos territórios onde possa ser implementado e em termos de modelo de negócios. Ao longo deste estudo é realizada a caracterização e análise da modalidade, do seu potencial turístico e da procura e oferta, passando ainda pelos impactos que possa gerar nos territórios de ação. Para tal recorreu-se a diversas fontes de informação, dos quais se destaca a aplicação de questionários aos praticantes de trail running. Com a análise de toda a informação levantada foi possível apresentar contributos para a definição do perfil, motivações e preferências dos praticantes desta modalidade, que são fatores importantes para o planeamento das provas e o recurso a este subproduto para valorização dos destinos.
Given the growing demand for forms of alternative and responsible tourism, with special focus on nature tourism segment, the investment on sustainable activities in the natural environment becomes a central issue, in order to enhance the territorial resources in which they can be developed, as well as exploit other multiplier effects that can be generated. Following this trend, in Portugal, the growth and success of nature tourism has been accompanied by the expansion of leisure and recreation tourism subsector and of nature and adventure sports and activities. This study addresses one of the most recent nature tourism activity, the trail running, with a notorious development both at national and international levels. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the potential of trail running as a tourism product, regarding the territories where it can be implemented, and also as a business model. In this study a characterization and analysis of this sport, as well as its potential in terms of tourism, both from the demand and supply points of view has been carried out. The impacts in the territories of action that can be generated were also considered. Several information sources were used to achieve the objectives, including the application of questionnaires to trail running athletes. The analysis of the data gathered allowed to contribute to the definition of a trail runners’ profile, their motivations and preferences, which are important factors when it comes to planning competitions as well as to value this activity as a product to enhance the regions as tourism destinations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Kochová, Barbora. "Spokojenost účastníků sportovní akce Salomon Trail Running Cup 2014." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336737.

Full text

Abstract:

Title: Participants' satisfaction with Salomon Trail Running Cup 2014 sports event Objectives: The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse current level of customer satisfaction with sports event, find out their opinions and potential shortcomings in each running event by using questionnaire survey. Define any problem areas and suggest appropriate management recommendations by evaluating empirical data obtained from own market research. This would lead to improvement of runners' satisfaction with this sports event. Partial goal of this diploma thesis is to find potential coherence between customers' satisfaction and whether they attended Salomon Trail Running Cup for the first time or repeatedly. Methods: Quantitative questionnaire research was used to obtain data from respondents. Respondents were interviewed either in person or in writing. Informal interviews were made with the management of the sports event. T-test method was used to find potential coherence between customers' satisfaction and their attendance in the past Salomon Trail Running Cup events. Results: Marketing research showed that runners were mostly satisfied with this sports event. On the other hand several important problematic areas were discovered that management of this sports event should work on to fulfil runners'...

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Valente, Marta Susana da Silva. "Desportos de natureza e espaços naturais: análise espacial do Trail Running em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/92941.

Full text

Abstract:

As áreas naturais e, particularmente, as Áreas Protegidas já não se relacionam com o Homem apenas como locais de proteção e conservação da natureza. Cada vez mais, assumem uma multifuncionalidade característica, na qual os desportos de natureza ganham destaque. O presente estudo tem como foco uma das modalidades mais recentes, o Trail Running, cuja comunidade tem vindo a crescer em Portugal. Este crescimento reflete-se não só no aumento significativo do número de praticantes como dos eventos que foram organizados no território nacional, em 2018. Esta modalidade desportiva não é atualmente reconhecida em nenhum documento oficial sobre a temática. A par do Trail Running, as várias atividades desportivas ao ar livre têm vindo a ser desvalorizadas em âmbito da gestão do território, o que é evidente na legislação nacional que, por exemplo, negligenciou as Cartas de Desporto de Natureza. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e analisar espacialmente o Trail Running em Portugal e a sobreposição a Áreas Protegidas, Sítios de Interesse Comunitário, Zonas de Proteção Especial e Sítios RAMSAR, contribuindo ativamente para uma gestão integrada deste e de outros desportos de natureza na gestão dos territórios. Os casos do Parque Natural de Sintra-Cascais e da Serra da Estrela foram utilizados como forma de compreensão das diferenças na relação do Trail Running com as especificidades locais de cada Área Protegida. Foram realizados inquéritos a mais de 500 praticantes de modo a analisar o perfil dos trail runners e a sua relação com as provas existentes. A análise espacial foi conseguida pelo recurso a ferramentas dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, que permitiram a criação de novos dados geográficos e a caracterização da modalidade. Os resultados obtidos permitem verificar que o Trail Running é, nos dias de hoje, uma modalidade consolidada que ainda se encontra em crescimento em Portugal, apesar da escassa existência de estudos e de reconhecimento das entidades gestoras das áreas naturais.
Natural areas, and particularly Protected Areas, are no longer only related to humans as places for protection and conservation of nature. Increasingly, they assume a characteristic multifunctionality where nature sports are highlighted. The present study focuses on one of the most recent sports, the Trail Running, whose community has been growing in Portugal. This is a reflect of not only the significant increase in the number of participants but also of the number of events that where organized in Portugal during 2018. Nonetheless, this sport isn’t recognized in any official document on this matter. Along with Trail Running, the various outdoor sport activities have been devalued in territorial management, which is evident on national legislation that, for instance, neglected “Cartas de Desporto de Natureza”. The main goal of this study was to characterize and spatially analyze Trail Running in Portugal and overlap it with Protected Areas, Sites of Community Importance, Special Protection Areas and RAMSAR Sites, actively contributing to the integrated management of this and other nature sports in territorial management. The examples of Sintra-Cascais and Serra da Estrela Natural Parks were used to understand the differences in the relationship between Trail Running and the local specificities of each Protected Area. Surveys were applied for over 500 participants to analyze the profile of trail runners and their relationship to existing races. Spatial analysis was achieved through Geographic Information Systems tools, which allowed the creation of new geographic data and the characterization of Trail Running. The results show that Trail Running is nowadays a consolidated nature sport that is still growing in Portugal despite the lack of studies and recognition of the management entities of the natural areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

WANG, YIN-HSI, and 王銀溪. "The Study on the User Acceptance of Wearable Device under Trail Running Situation." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93459y.

Full text

Abstract:

碩士
輔仁大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
107
Based on Technology Acceptance Model and Task-Technology Fit，this study conducted a semi-structured interviews with six experienced trail runners. This study investigates the user acceptance of wearable devices under Trail Running situation. This study found that there are three types of trail runners： enjoy runners，advanced enjoy runners，and competition runners. Although some functions are required by all type of trail runners，there are function required by different types of trail runners. For example，enjoy runners require heart rate function，advanced enjoy runners require recording functions，and competition runners require navigation and data to improve their performance. This study also found that battery durability will differ based on functionality used by users. It is not enough to provide battery durability based on GPS position intervals. Besides，more analysis based on data collected by wearable devices is needed for trail runners.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Silva, Ângela Cristina Cota da. "Vulnerabilidade dos atletas de trail running em áreas de risco de incêndio: o caso do Elite Trail Serra da Freita 100 km." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/135043.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Silva, Ângela Cristina Cota da. "Vulnerabilidade dos atletas de trail running em áreas de risco de incêndio: o caso do Elite Trail Serra da Freita 100 km." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/135043.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Gomes, Ricardo Miguel Matias. "Visão e Controlo Motor: Influência da Visão no Controlo da Corrida de Trail." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/88785.

Full text

Abstract:

Tese no âmbito do Doutoramento em Ciências do Desporto - Ramo de Treino Desportivo e apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física da Universidade de Coimbra
Ancorado na Teoria dos Sistemas Dinâmicos, mais concretamente no modelo dos constrangimentos de Newell, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a importância da informação visual na corrida de trail, investigando a influência que o nível de experiência dos atletas tem nas estratégias de busca visual, assim como a influência da fadiga fisiológica neste processo. A amostra foi constituída por 18 participantes, todos praticantes de corrida de trail (37.89±5.73 anos) tendo a mesma sido dividida em dois grupos de nove, sendo um grupo composto por atletas experientes (38.89±6.30 anos) e outro composto por praticantes recreativos (36.90±4.91 anos). Os participantes percorreram 10 vezes uma pista de 21 metros que permitia simular a corrida de trail, antes e depois de realizarem um percurso de trail longo (26.2km, desnível acumulado positivo de 860 metros). Para a caracterização do impacto desta prova nos participantes foram recolhidos dados sobre a composição corporal, lactato, Perceção Subjetiva de Esforço e de atenção. Os movimentos dos olhos durante a corrida em pista foram gravados com recurso a óculos de vídeo-oculografia, que nos permitiram estudar os padrões de movimentos e de fixações do olhar dos participantes no percurso de teste. Para o tratamento estatístico a comparação entre experts e não-experts foi feita recorrendo ao teste t para amostras independentes. Foi ainda utilizado o teste t para amostras emparelhadas para a comparação entre as variáveis antes e depois da prova de trail. Para a análise não linear dos dados, a variabilidade dos padrões de fixação foi estudada através da entropia visual, e da entropia de transições de estados, recorrendo às matrizes de transição de primeira ordem de Markov. A variabilidade dos padrões de movimentos dos olhos foi estudada através da entropia aproximada, da sample entropy, do expoente de Lyapunov e do expoente de Hurst. Os resultados indicam que as estratégias de busca visual adotadas na corrida de trail são influenciadas tanto pela experiência dos atletas como pela fadiga. Foram ainda encontradas algumas diferenças ao nível da variabilidade dos padrões de movimentos dos olhos, apontando também para a influência do efeito da experiência e da fadiga neste processo.
Within the framework of the Dynamical Systems Theory and Newell’s Constraints Led Approach, this work aimed to study the importance of visual information in trail running, by assessing the influence of experience and fatigue in visual search strategies and patterns. The sample was composed of 18 trail running athletes (37.89±5.73 years), divided in two groups of 9 experienced runners (38.89±6.30 years) and 9 novices (36.90±4.91 years). Participants were asked to run 10 times on a 21-metre track that simulated a trail running single-track, before and after a trail running event (26.2km, positive accumulated ascent of 860 metres). To characterise the physiological impact of the event, participants’ body composition, blood lactate, Rating of Perceived Exertion and attention were gathered before and after the event. To analyse the participants’ visual search strategies and patterns, their eye movements were recorded with headmounted eye tracking glasses along the 21-metre track. Comparison between expert and non-expert runners was done using t-test for independent samples. Paired samples ttest was used to assess the influence of fatigue in the studied variables. Variability of the eye movements and fixations was studied using nonlinear techniques. Therefore, the variability of fixation patterns was studied by analysing visual entropy and statetransition entropy derived from 1st order Markov’s transition matrixes. Variability of eye movement patterns was studied using approximate entropy, sample entropy, Lyapunov’s exponent and Hurst exponent. Results indicate that visual search strategies adopted in trail running are affected by the athletes’ level of experience and fatigue. Additionally, experience and fatigue were also found to affect the variability of eye movement patterns.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Dias, Sílvia Maria Almeida de Jesus. "Eventos de turismo desportivo de pequena escala e desenvolvimento local sustentável: o caso do trail de Conímbriga Terras de Sicó 2019." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/36550.

Full text

Abstract:

Os eventos de turismo desportivo têm vindo a crescer a nível nacional e internacional, captando diferentes tipos de participantes e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento local sustentável. Usando o “Trail de Conímbriga Terras de Sicó 2019” como caso de estudo, este trabalho tem como objetivos: (a) caracterizar os participantes da corrida, identificando as suas características sociodemográficas, o seu perfil de prática de Trail Running, as suas motivações para participar e os seus comportamentos no decorrer do evento; e (b) analisar o modelo de organização da prova e as boas práticas ambientais adotadas pela entidade organizadora do evento. Para o efeito de recolha de dados foi usada uma metodologia mista, recorrendo-se a: (a) um inquérito por questionário aplicado aos atletas participantes do evento; (b) uma entrevista ao diretor da entidade organizadora do evento; (c) uma entrevista ao vereador da Câmara Municipal de Condeixa-a-Nova, responsável pelo pelouro do desporto; e (d) uma observação direta, através de uma grelha de observação previamente construída. Os dados obtidos através do inquérito por questionário foram tratados através do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), e os dados obtidos através das entrevistas e da observação direta foram tratados através de análise de conteúdo. Depois de efetuada a descrição geral das várias variáveis em estudo, os participantes inquiridos foram segmentados em três grupos (residentes, excursionistas e turistas) e caracterizados em função do seu perfil sociodemográfico, perfil geral de praticante de Trail Running, perfil de participação no “Trail de Conímbriga Terras de Sicó”, e impactos percebidos na participação do evento. A análise das entrevistas e da observação direta, cruzadas com os dados obtidos através do inquérito aos participantes permitiu concluir que a organização deste evento decorreu de uma forma sustentável, de acordo com a maioria das boas práticas recomendadas. De acordo com esta análise, os eventos de turismo desportivo de pequena escala permitem, de forma geral, contribuir para o desenvolvimento local sustentável. Este trabalho permite ainda apresentar algumas recomendações para futuras edições deste evento, assim como para outros eventos desta natureza.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Silva, Fátima Negri Pinto da. "Caracterização, planeamento e metodologia de treino numa ultramarotona de montanha." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18906.

Full text

Abstract:

A realização desta dissertação teve como objetivo caracterizar o processo de treino dos portugueses para competições em provas de trail ultra endurance e a conceção, planeamento e realização de uma época desportiva num atleta ao longo do ano de 2018. O estudo encontra-se dividido em duas partes. A primeira com uma amostra aleatória simples enquadra-se no campo da investigação quantitativa e classifica-se por uma pesquisa descritiva experimental. A segunda parte com uma amostra intencional enquadra-se no campo de investigação qualitativa, em que se utilizou o método do estudo de caso. Os resultados foram submetidos a testes estatísticos por forma a validar as conclusões da investigação. No que diz respeito à caracterização do processo de treino os atletas correm em média 67.3km com 1844.2m de elevação por semana, ao longo de 7 horas. No estudo de caso demonstra-se como se processa o planeamento de treino para um atleta na sua preparação para o Ultra Trail du Mont Blanc. Devido à escassez na literatura de exemplos de aplicação prática da metodologia e da teoria do treino em contexto real no trail running, entendemos que esta dissertação poderá, de certa forma, contribuir para a valorização e evolução da modalidade.
The purpose of this thesis is to characterize the training process of Portuguese athletes in respect of competitions in endurance ultra-trail, as well as the design, planning and implementation of an athlete’s sports season throughout the year of 2018. The study is divided into two parts. The first part, with a simple random sample, falls within the field of quantitative research and is classified by a descriptive experimental research. The second part, with an intentional sample, falls within the qualitative research field, in which the case study method was used. The results were subjected to statistical tests in order to validate the conclusions of the investigation. Regarding the characterization of the training process, the athletes run an average of 67.3km with 1844,2m elevation per week, over 7 hours. The case study demonstrates how the training planning for the athlete is carried out in their preparation for the Ultra Trail du Mont Blanc. Due to the scarcity in the literature of examples of practical application of the methodology and theory of training in a real context in trail running, we believe that this thesis can, in a certain way, contribute to valorize and to make this sporting discipline evolve.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Sreenivas, Varun, and Kiran Kumar Nagabushanam. "Automatic Train Running Information System." Thesis, 2009. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/207/1/automatic_train_running_information_sytem-final_year_project.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

The main objective of our project is to design an automatic train running passenger information system. The first step in achieving this was to establish connections between the trains arriving and leaving the station, and the base station in the station. We were able to establish wireless communication within the station premises, between the trains and base station. The platform on which the basic format of communication in a station scenario was simulated was Qualnet. We used the SIMADO GSM Modem in the role of base station in the station and then we took the help of Nokia Mobile Browser and Nokia WAP Gateway Simulator to establish connection between base station and the server. We were able to update the information using WAP Gateway Simulator. Then, we interfaced the NWGS with MS Access Database to get the HTTP information received to get it updated and maintained in a database. Then, this database was interfaced with Netbeans to generate live Railway Timetable. We used three JAVA programs each for creating server, client and train information used for this purpose. Then we made use of VBA code to connect database with multiple trains in different stations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Fang, Chih-Long, and 方志隆. "The running stability analysis of a single train on bridges under earthquakes." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34751471922012247546.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Almeida, Pedro Aires Moreira Montenegro e. "A methodology for the assessment of the train running safety on bridges." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/78571.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Almeida, Pedro Aires Moreira Montenegro e. "A methodology for the assessment of the train running safety on bridges." Tese, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/78571.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Sun, Mao-feng, and 孫茂峰. "Study on the Process of Trial Running of Learning Community in Taitung County Junior High School." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22104NTTU5178015%22.&searchmode=basic.

Full text

Abstract:

碩士
國立臺東大學
進修部教育行政碩士班(夜間)
104
Teachers are forced to change their roles and keep pace with the times by the clamor of educational reform and the need to respond to implementation of the 12-year basic education of citizens. In the future classrooms, teachers not only will have to guide the students in learning, reflection and expression, and then cultivate the students' capacities of problem solving and capacities with practical and long-lasting effects, but also will need to cooperate with their peers. How can teachers live up to the principle of "teaching students in accordance of their aptitude"? How can they be specialized in the teaching pattern of "focusing on learning of students" and change the students' disgust at learning into interest? The ideal of "flipped classroom", which has arisen in this movement of educational reform, focuses on the demands of learners, and is different from the traditional educational pattern under which the teacher serves as the center of classroom teaching. The learning community schools of professor Manabu Sato emphasize that stress should be placed on exploration, cooperation and expression of students. This ideal of learning community has greatly attracted the attention of our citizens. How can teachers get rid of the various predicaments caused by external factors supported by the trend of flipped classroom? How can teachers and schools grasp this good opportunity to reverse the situation under which students are unwilling to learn? As the saying goes, stones from other hills may also serve to polish jade. In Japan, learning community schools are creating classrooms in which students are willing to learn, dispelling the unwillingness to learn which is common under the traditional education pattern. In these schools classes are as pleasing as beautiful symphony. The author of this paper works for Taitung County Junior High School. On the basis of interviews with directors of teaching and discipline and teachers who have engaged in the practical work of popularization and implementation, the author aims at elaborating the process, predicaments and achievements of trial running of learning community in two junior high schools in Taitung County, and presuming implementation of learning community in schools of remote areas in Taiwan. How can be balance among competent authorities of education, schools and teachers be realized? Through summarization and analysis, the author draws the following conclusion: In order for the ideal of flipped classroom to be implemented, the following two conditions need to be satisfied: The teachers must be willing and delighted to accept the ideal of flipped classroom, and keep pace with changes of the external environment; there should be administrative supports from competent authorities and schools.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Trail running'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles