Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traitement des données sismiques'
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Touati, Mustafa. "Contribution géostatistique au traitement des données sismiques." Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0617.
Full textMear, Yann. "Outils pour l'acquisition de données sismiques, réflexion haute résolution." Perpignan, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PERP0136.
Full textSoudani, Mohamed Tahar Amine. "Techniques de traitement des données sismiques OBC dans le domaine (т, p) 2D-3D." Grenoble INPG, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00204530.
Full textThe following PhD thesis deals with methods of water-Iayer multiple attenuation in OBC (Ocean Bottom Cable) data. These multiples are created by the reverberation of primary arrivaIs in the water column. The multiples have a strong negative impact on the final structural image obtained from OBC processing. Ln this document, we propose a new methodology for multiple attenuation by developing a new PZ summation algorithm in the (т,p) domain. We start by expressing the hydrophone and geophone measurements in the plane wave domain. We show that these measurements can be expressed in terms of primary and water-Iayer multiple arrivaIs. These expressions allow us to establish a new algorithm based on the physics of wave propagation in elastic media. The new algorithm also takes into account the properties of OBC acquisitions such as geophone coupling and orientation, impulse response of the sensors and noise characteristics. The new algorithm was first validated on synthetic data and then applied on a real 2D dataset as one step of a processing workflow. This processing sequence results in attenuation of water-Iayer multiples and noise, thus improving image quality in comparison with standard processing approaches. Finally, we extend the processing methodology to 3D datasets through the 3D(т,p) transform. This application is not straightforward and necessitates additional steps in the workflow because, in this context, 3D data interpolation becomes crucial. The final results of the 3D methodology show an important improvement of data quality in comparison with the standard processing sequences
Verney, Philippe. "Interprétation géologique de données sismiques par une méthode supervisée basée sur la vision cognitive." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005861.
Full textPaulus, Caroline. "Filtrage de données sismiques multicomposantes et estimation de la polarisation." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00204504.
Full textIls peuvent enregistrer le déplacement dans plusieurs directions de l'espace ainsi que les variations de pression.
Le développement de traitements adaptés à ce type de données est nécessaire.
Le but de ce travail de thèse est de développer une méthode permettant d'une part le débruitage de données sismiques multicomposantes, la séparation des différents champs d'ondes ou encore l'estimation de la polarisation des ondes et de leur direction d'arrivée (DOA).
Cette méthode, appelée filtrage matriciel large-bande multicomposante, dérivée de la méthode monocomposante, prend en compte l'information de polarisation et traite les différentes composantes de façon globale et non indépendamment.
Le principe utilisé est celui de la décomposition en valeurs propres d'une matrice spectrale pour permettre une séparation efficace de l'espace des données de départ en deux espaces complémentaires (sous-espace signal et sous-espace bruit).
Joseph, Caroline. "Application de l'analyse des mélanges gaussiens au calibrage géologique des données sismiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_JOSEPH_C.pdf.
Full textGranet, Michel. "Tomographie de la croûte et du manteau supérieur déduite des signaux sismologiques courtes périodes et algorithmes de traitement des données ReNaSS." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13018.
Full textDagany, Xavier. "Analyse de données multicomposantes issues de campagnes sismiques offshore : instrument, signal et traitements." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0026.
Full textCotton, Julien. "Analyse et traitement de données sismiques 4D en continu et en temps réel pour la surveillance du sous-sol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM023.
Full text3D seismic reflection is widely used in the oil industry. This standard subsoil auscultation method provides information on geological structures and can be used to build reservoir models. However, the properties derived from3D (and 2D) seismic data are only static: 3D does not allow to evaluate the changes with calendar time. The addition of a temporal dimension to 3D data is obtained by repeating the measurements at several dates separated by several months or even several years. Thus, 4D seismic (time-lapse) makes it possible to measure and to analyze the changes of the subsoil in the long term. Since the 90s, this method is used worldwide at sea and on land. To carry out a much more frequent monitoring (daily), even continuous (a few hours) of the subsoil, CGG developed, in collaboration with Gazde France (now ENGIE) and Institut Français du Pétrole (now IFPEN), a solution based on buried sources and receptors: SeisMovie. SeisMovie was originally designed to monitor and map the gas front in real time during geological disposal operations. It is also used to observe the steam injection required for heavy oil production. In this thesis, we bring contributions to three challenges arising in the processing of seismic data from this system. The first one concerns the attenuation of near-surface variations caused by "ghost" waves that interfere with primary waves. The second one concerns the quantification of subsurface changes in terms of propagation velocity variation and acoustic impedance.The third one concerns real-time: the data processing must be at least as fast as the acquisition cycle (a few hours). Infact, the analysis of the data must enable the reservoir engineers to make quick decisions (stop of the injection, decreaseof the production). In a more general context, there are conceptual similarities between 3D and 4D. In 4D, the repeated acquisitions are compared with each other (or with a reference). In 3D, during acquisition, field geophysicists compare unitary shot points with each other to assess the quality of the data for decision-making (reshooting, skipping orcontinuing). Therefore, some 4D real-time tools developed during this thesis can be applied. A new approach called TeraMig for automated quality control in the field will also be presented
Tonellot, Thierry-Laurent. "Introduction d'informations a priori dans l'inversion linéarisée élastique de données sismiques de surface avant sommation." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA055002.
Full textBecerra, Elcinto Javier. "Contribution à la segmentation supervisée de données volumiques : modèle perceptuel et développement d'outils interactifs d'aide à l'interprétation d'images sismiques." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13328.
Full textQuentel, Elise. "Imagerie de la structure thermohaline dans le Golfe de Cadix: Traitement des données sismiques et d'océanographie physique de la Veine d'Eau Méditerranéenne." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00495963.
Full textQuentel, Élise. "Imagerie de la structure thermohaline dans le Golfe de Cadix : traitement des données sismiques et d’océanographie physique de la Veine d’Eau méditerranéenne." Brest, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00495963.
Full textThe discovery by Holbrook et al. (2003) that the water column could be imaged by die marine seismic reflexion has led to die foundation of the European GO (Geophysical Oceanography) project. This project aims to improve our comprehension of die oceanic structures, with particular application to the Gulf of Cadiz. It has a complex thermohaline structure. 0w work must be replaced in this project. In reprocessing the historical marine seismics and hydrology data, we began to rehabilitate the large database of this area. Thus, we evidenced that the seismic data can image die oceanographic structures with a horizontal resolution of 10m. The hydrologic data which have a vertical resolution around 1 m can calibrate the seismic data in temperature and salinity. To relate our two databases, we searched a precise definition of the seismic signal. It is the reflexion coefficient convoluted with the source wavelet of the acquisition system. The main factor influencing the seismic signal is temperature via the sound speed gradient. Marine seismic and hydrological data acquired simultanously in the Gulf of Cadiz (GO cruise - April 2007) have been analyzed to determine the characteristics of acoustic reflectors in the water column. Seismic data show strong reflectors near the surface, above Mediterranean Water (MW) undercurrents, above a meddy, and in a submesoscale MW structure. Wavelet analysis of seismic data are associated with thermo-haline layering, lateral intrusions and fine-scale structures. Marine seismic data allow systematic detection and monitoring of eddies that hydrological sections identify only occasionally
Valensi, Raphaël. "Développements méthodologiques à partir de formes d'ondes multicomposantes en vue de l'imagerie sismique quantitative de la proche surface : modélisation physique à échelle réduite, traitements et inversion de la polarisation." Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=a6e87417-7b5f-4d39-9299-b58de9eadd18.
Full textWithin the framework of Seismic FullWaveform Inversion (FWI) applied to near surface imaging, multicomponent data open new prospects. In this thesis, the potential of bi-component measurements in a 2D/P-SV configuration is investigated for shallow media where surface waves dominate signal. This approach combines formal developments, numerical tests and laboratory experiments. First, using an intrinsic metric in the polarization states space, a new kind of cost-functions for the polarization inversion is introduced. Then, with an adapted version of the FWI code FWT2D-PSV, several numerical experiments are conducted in order to investigate the limits of this approach with different sources of bias as erroneous a priori concerning the density or the attenuation parameters and source/receivers coupling effects. The new methodological developments are then evaluated in case of a near surface configuration with variable depth shallow interfaces. With a view of experimental validation, the third step concerns the upgrade of a reduced scale physical modelling bench (MUSC) in order to model multicomponent seismic acquisitions. Performances of the laser interferometer integrated in the measurement bench are quantitatively determined, especially for several polarization observables. Finally, two applications of this experimental facility to near-surface configuration are presented : shallow cavity detection and laterally varying interfaces
Oussou-Koffi, Marie. "Contrôle de la qualité du traitement des données sismiques du bassin sédimentaire de la Côte d'Ivoire : apport de la géostatistique : tentative de retraitement." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066604.
Full textLeprettre, Benoit. "Reconnaissance de signaux sismiques d'avalanches par fusion de données estimées dans les domaines temps, temps-fréquence et polarisation." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10182.
Full textLOPES, LAURENT. "Etude methodologique du traitement sismique : deconvolution directionnelle dans le domaine frequence - nombre d'onde ; traitement de donnees sismiques acquises avec un dispositif tracte pres du fond de la mer. application a des donnees reelles." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066685.
Full textChmiel, Malgorzata. "Traitement de données géophysiques en réseaux denses en configuration sismique passive et active." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU009/document.
Full textIn geophysics, spatially dense arrays enhance the spatial and frequential characterization of the various waves propagating in the medium. Of course, surface array is subject to strong surface waves. Surface waves highly impact the processing of geophysical data acquired at ground level. They can be considered as noise and subject to suppression as they mask sub-surface information.However, they can be useful for near-surface imaging if they are well retrieved. In any case, their characterization is crucial in active and passive exploration geophysics. In passive microseismic monitoring, ambient surface noise consists of surface waves. The main goal of passive monitoring is to minimize the impact of surface waves on the actual microseismic data. The strong ambient surface noise lowers the sensitivity and the efficiency ofdetection and location methods. Moreover, current location and detection methods usually require strong a priori information (e.g., a velocity model or a template).Active sources generate strong surface waves. In active seismic, current processing strategies often consist in manually picking surface wave arrivals in order to use or remove them. This is often a complex, time consuming, and an ambiguous task. However, it is needed for near- and sub-surface imaging. Surface waves can be particularly difficult to retrieve in sparse arrays. We propose to apply the techniques of interferometry and beamforming (Matched Field Processing in particular) in the context of dense arrays. High trace density opens new possibilities in geophysical processing in both passive and active surveys. We show that the ambient noise can be explored in the case of microseismic monitoring to extract important information about the medium properties. Moreover, we develop a denoising approach to remove the noise sources at the surface and detect the microseismic event. Furthermore, we propose an automatic detection and location method with a minimum a priori information to retrieve the distribution of heterogeneities in the reservoir, in the well vicinity.In active survey, we propose an interferometric, automatic approach to characterize the surface waves. We retrieve phase-sensitivity kernels of surface waves between any two points of the acquisition. These kernels are consequently used to obtain multi-mode dispersion curves. These dispersion curves make it possible to separate different modes of surface waves and provide near-surface information if inverted.The above presented methodologies benefit from spatially dense arrays.Dense arrays of sources or receivers enable alternative, innovative applications in geophysical processing
JANNANE, MOHAMED. "Traitement et interpretation de donnees de sismiques du projet ecors (nord de la france, pyrenees et djibouti)." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077070.
Full textSalom, Pierre. "Visualisation interactive de données volumiques texturées pour la détection supervisée de failles en imagerie sismique." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13362.
Full textOuassaa, Khaled. "Etude de la structure sismique de la croûte océanique dans la partie active du point chaud de Tahiti : traitements et interprétation des données sismiques des campagnes Midplate-2 et Teahitia-4." Brest, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BRES2053.
Full textLabonne, Claire. "Analyse de la polarisation de données multi-composantes à partir d'une seule station ou d'une antenne : méthodes et applications à la caractérisation du champ d'ondes sismiques." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4135/document.
Full textThe analysis of the seismic wavefield is an essential pre-requisite to the study of seismic wave propagation which in turns helps improving our understanding of the physical processes behind the sources and our knowledge of the propagation medium. The objective of this thesis is to further develop signal processing techniques to more fully exploit the information brought by the 3 component stations and arrays in order to characterize the seismic wavefield. The thesis work focuses on polarization analysis, its extension to 3-component arrays and its joint use with classical array processing. A review of the existing methods that attempt to extend array processing to the 3-components leads to the observation that these methods are complex and their use is limited. Therefore, two alternative methods that associate array processing and polarization sequentially are suggested. In order to best exploit the polarization analyses, a standardized parametrization system describing the polarization is developed and associated with a visualization solution regrouping all the parameters necessary for the interpretation on one figure. Finally, a polarization analysis performed on data from the LSBB 3-component array demonstrates the possibility to use spatial coherency to assist with the interpretation of seismograms
Shipilova, Ekaterina. "Separation of signals originating from simultaneous seismic sources by greedy signal decomposition methods." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CentraleSupélec, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CSUP0005.
Full textSimultaneous-source seismic data acquisition has recently attracted great attention both in the oil and gas industry and in academia, thanks to its capacity to save data acquisition time. Despite the evident time-saving advantage, the simultaneous-source method has a considerable draw-back: the sources interfere with each other creating cross-talk in the data, which leads to significant increase of the processing complexity and potential loss in the subsurface image quality. Recent advances in processing and imaging allow acceptable handling of the cross-talk, however, specific processing methods adapted for blended data still need to be improved. Many of the currently proposed separation methods need some preprocessing of the data, e.g., surface waves suppression. In this thesis, we propose to use a data-driven seismic event model in a greedy decomposition to obtain a separation suitable for raw data without any preprocessing. The proposed method is based on identifying coherent features in the data and classifying them according to their source of origin. We use two nested applications of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, whose dictionaries are constituted of data-driven models of seismic events and wavelets. Thanks to several optimization steps and starting with appropriate initial conditions, we are able to effectively maximize a non-concave objective function and achieve a satisfactory separation quality, which we demonstrate on synthetic and real simultaneous-source signals
Lubrano, Lavadera Paul. "Traitement des données de sismique de puits acquises en 2007 sur le site de Soultz-sous-Forêts pour la caractérisation de la fracturation du réservoir géothermique." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01038001.
Full textCastanié, Laurent. "Visualisation de données volumiques massives : application aux données sismiques." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPL083N/document.
Full textSeismic reflection data are a valuable source of information for the three-dimensional modeling of subsurface structures in the exploration-production of hydrocarbons. This work focuses on the implementation of visualization techniques for their interpretation. We face both qualitative and quantitative challenges. It is indeed necessary to consider (1) the particular nature of seismic data and the interpretation process (2) the size of data. Our work focuses on these two distinct aspects : 1) From the qualitative point of view, we first highlight the main characteristics of seismic data. Based on this analysis, we implement a volume visualization technique adapted to the specificity of the data. We then focus on the multimodal aspect of interpretation which consists in combining several sources of information (seismic and structural). Depending on the nature of these sources (strictly volumes or both volumes and surfaces), we propose two different visualization systems. 2) From the quantitative point of view, we first define the main hardware constraints involved in seismic interpretation. Focused on these constraints, we implement a generic memory management system. Initially able to couple visualization and data processing on massive data volumes, it is then improved and specialised to build a dynamic system for distributed memory management on PC clusters. This later version, dedicated to visualization, allows to manipulate regional scale seismic data (100-200 GB) in real-time. The main aspects of this work are both studied in the scientific context of visualization and in the application context of geosciences and seismic interpretation
RICHARD, JOEL. "Application de methodes de traitements numeriques de signaux a la detection, compression et reconnaissance d'evenements d'origines sismiques dans une station autonome de type sismographe fond de mer." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN10121.
Full textDerfoul, Ratiba. "Intégration des données de sismique 4D dans les modèles de réservoir : recalage d'images fondé sur l'élasticité non linéraire." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924825.
Full textLebrun, Dominique. "Inversion linéarisée de données sismiques à deux composantes." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20055.
Full textPianelo, Laurent. "Modélisation géologique contrainte par les données sismiques et dynamiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11042.
Full textSinoquet, Delphine. "Utilisation de modèles lisses pour l'inversion tomographique de données sismiques." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA132005.
Full textBenmerzoug, Fateh. "Analyse, modélisation et visualisation de données sismiques à grande échelle." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30077.
Full textThe main goal of the oil and gas industry is to locate and extract hydrocarbon resources, mainly petroleum and natural gas. To do this efficiently, numerous seismic measurements are conducted to gather up as much data as possible on terrain or marine surface area of interest. Using a multitude of sensors, seismic data are acquired and processed resulting in large cube-shaped data volumes. These volumes are then used to further compute additional attributes that helps in the understanding of the inner geological and geophysical structure of the earth. The visualization and exploration, called surveys, of these volumes are crucial to understand the structure of the underground and localize natural reservoirs where oil or gas are trapped. Recent advancements in both processing and imaging technologies enables engineers and geoscientists to perform larger seismic surveys. Modern seismic measurements yield large multi-hundred gigabytes of data volumes. The size of the acquired volumes presents a real challenge, both for processing such large volumes as well as their storage and distribution. Thus, data compression is a much- desired feature that helps answering the data size challenge. Another challenging aspect is the visualization of such large volumes. Traditionally, a volume is sliced both vertically and horizontally and visualized by means of 2-dimensional planes. This method necessitates the user having to manually scrolls back and forth be- tween successive slices in order to locate and track interesting geological features. Even though slicing provides a detailed visualization with a clear and concise representation of the physical space, it lacks the depth aspect that can be crucial in the understanding of certain structures. Additionally, the larger the volume gets, the more tedious and repetitive this task can be. A more intuitive approach for visualization is volume rendering. Rendering the seismic data as a volume presents an intuitive and hands on approach. By defining the appropriate color and opacity filters, the user can extract and visualize entire geo-bodies as individual continuous objects in a 3-dimensional space. In this thesis, we present a solution for both the data size and large data visualization challenges. We give an overview of the seismic data and attributes that are present in a typical seismic survey. We present an overview of data compression in a whole, discussing the necessary tools and methods that are used in the industry. A seismic data compression algorithm is then proposed, based on the concept of ex- tended transforms. By employing the GenLOT , Generalized Lapped Orthogonal Trans- forms we derive an appropriate transform filter that decorrelates the seismic data so they can be further quantized and encoded using P-SPECK, our proposed compression algorithm based on block-coding of bit-planes. Furthermore, we proposed a ray-casting out-of-core volume rendering framework that enables the visualization of arbitrarily large seismic cubes. Data are streamed on-demand and rendered using the user provided opacity and color filters, resulting in a fairly easy to use software package
Marcadon, Frédéric. "Détection et modélisation de binaires sismiques avec Kepler." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS080/document.
Full textThe Kepler space telescope detected solar-like oscillations in several hundreds of stars, providing a way to determine their physical properties using asteroseismology. However, the stellar evolutionary models and scaling relations employed to determine parameters such as the mass, the radius and the age require a proper calibration. In this context, the use of seismic binaries showing solar-like oscillations in both stars is especially suitable. During this thesis, we have worked towards the detection of such seismic binaries from the Kepler database and developed the necessary tools to study them. Although the discovery of a new seismic binary was very unlikely, we were able to report for the first time the detection of solar-like oscillations in the two brightest stars of a triple stellar system, namely HD 188753. Using stellar modelling, we found compatible ages for the two stars derived from asteroseismology, as expected from their common origin. In addition, we performed the first orbital analysis of this hierarchical system in order to derive a direct estimate of masses and parallax. Finally, the example of HD 188753 shows our capability to detect and model each of the stars of a binary or multiple system and to perform the orbital analysis of this one. The various tools developed during this thesis will be extensively used in the context of the future missions TESS and PLATO
Wehr, Hannah. "Modélisation 3D des Pyrénées à partir des données géologiques, gravimétriques et sismiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30317/document.
Full textA three-dimensional geological model of the Pyrenees and their foreland basins is constructed with the GeoModeller software. This model accounts for all the geological and geophysical information available and covers the whole Pyrenees, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, and from the Iberian Range to the Massif Central, down to 70 km depth. It is able to explain main features of Bouguer gravity anomalies and of seismic travel times. 3D inversion is performed to refine this model. Joint geological and geophysical modeling and inversion reveal differences in the crustal structure between the western and central Pyrenees and the eastern Pyrenees. They show furthermore the presence of exhumed mantle material enclosed in the crust beneath the Labourd Massif and Saint-Gaudens, as well as the necessity of a low density anomalie in the eastern Pyrenees
BOUMAHDI, MOUAD. "Déconvolution aveugle utilisant les statistiques d'ordre supérieur : application à des données sismiques." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0068.
Full textDargent, Régis. "Filtrage adaptatif et diffusion anisotrope pour l'aide à interprétation des données sismiques." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13205.
Full textLe, Bihan Nicolas. "Traitement algébrique des signaux vectoriels : application en séparation d'ondes sismiques." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0091.
Full textLeroy, Philippe. "Traitement des données en pharmacocinétique." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P177.
Full textChauris, Hervé. "Exploitation de la cohérence locale des données sismiques pour l'imagerie du sous-sol." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00535531.
Full textNeau, Audrey. "Caractérisation des réservoirs pétroliers par les données sismiques avec l'aide de la géomodélisation." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00403501.
Full textUn premier travail a consisté à évaluer l'impact des incertitudes structurales sur les inversions pétroélastiques et les conséquences en terme de classification de faciès. Ensuite, nous considérons la modélisation sismique comme aide à l'évaluation du modèle réservoir. Cette modélisation permettra de faire le lien entre les simulateurs réservoir ou les géomodeleurs et la réponse sismique du réservoir.
Nous développons ensuite deux approches alternatives aux méthodes traditionnelles en inversion pétroélastique et pétrophysique. La première utilise la méthode géostatistique des déformations graduelles pour créer des réalisations de propriétés réservoirs. Elle permet de créer des propriétés à l'échelle réservoir, conditionnées aux puits, tout en respectant une fonction coût basée sur la comparaison des données sismiques réelles et issues de ces réalisations.
La seconde méthode repose sur le principe de la classification supervisée et utilise des réseaux de neurones pour analyser la forme des traces sismiques. Une première étape consiste à générer un volume d'apprentissage contenant tous les modèles pétrophysiques envisageables pour un champ donné. Ces modèles sont analysés par les réseaux de neurones. Les neurones ainsi identifiés sont appliqués aux données réelles, pour identifier des relations pétrophysique/sismique identiques aux données d'apprentissage.
Toutes les méthodologies sont validées sur plusieurs réservoirs choisis pour leurs particularités géologiques (complexité structurale, lithologie du réservoir).
Renard, François. "Inversion de données sismiques : prise en compte de la nature corrélée du bruit." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20014.
Full textLesueur, Chloé. "Relations entre les mesures de mouvements du sol et les observations macrosismiques en France : Etude basée sur les données accélérométriques du RAP et les données macrosismiques du BCSF." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/LESUEUR_Chloe_2011.pdf.
Full textComparison between accelerometric and macroseismic observations is made for three Mw~4. 5 earthquakes of eastern France between 2003 and 2005. Scalar and spectral instrumental parameters are processed from the accelerometric data recorded by nine accelerometric stations located between 29km and 180km from the epicentres. Macroseismic data are based on the French Internet reports. In addition to the individual macroseismic intensity, analysis of the internal correlation between the encoded answers highlights four predominant fields of questions, bearing different physical meanings: 1) “Vibratory Motions of small objects”, 2) “Displacement and Fall of Objects”, 3) “Acoustic Noise”, and 4) “Personal Feelings”. Best correlations between macroseismic and instrumental observations are obtained when the macroseismic parameters are averaged over 10km radius circles around each station. Macroseismic intensities predicted by published PGV-intensity relationships quite agree with the observed intensities, contrary to those based on PGA. The correlations between the macroseismic and instrumental data, for intensities between II and V (EMS-98), show that PGV is the instrumental parameter presenting the best correlation with all macroseismic parameters. The correlation with response spectra, exhibits clear frequency dependence over a limited frequency range [0. 5-33Hz]. Horizontal and vertical components are significantly correlated with macroseismic parameters between 1 and 10Hz, a range corresponding to both natural frequencies of most buildings and high energy content in the seismic ground motion. Between 10 and 25Hz, a clear lack of correlation between macroseismic and instrumental data is observed, while beyond 25Hz the correlation coefficient increases, approaching that of the PGA correlation level
Hadj, Kacem Nabil. "Intégration des données sismiques pour une modélisation statique et dynamique plus réaliste des réservoirs." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1407.
Full textSirgue, Laurentf1975. "Inversion de la forme d'onde dans le domaine fréquentiel de données sismiques grands offsets." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112088.
Full textThe standard imaging approach in exploration seismology relies on a decomposition of the velocity model by spatial scales: the determination of the low wavenumbers of the velocity field is followed by the reconstruction of the high wavenumbers. However, for models presenting a complex structure, the recovery of the high wavenumbers may be significantly improved by the determination of intermediate wavenumbers. These, can potentially be recovered by local, non-linear waveform inversion of wide-angle data. However, waveform inversion is limited by the non-linearity of the inverse problem, which is in turn governed by the minimum frequency in the data and the starting model. For very low frequencies, below 7 Hz, the problem is reasonably linear so that waveform inversion may be applied using a starting model obtained from traveltime tomography. The frequency domain is then particularly advantageous as the inversion from the low to the high frequencies is very efficient. Moreover, it is possible to discretise the frequencies with a much larger sampling interval than dictated by the sampling theorem and still obtain a good imaging result. A strategy for selecting frequencies is developed where the number of input frequencies can be reduced when a range of offsets is available: the larger the maximum offset is, the fewer frequencies are required. Real seismic data unfortunatly do not contain very low frequencies and waveform inversion at higher frequencies are likely to fail due to convergence into a local minimum. Preconditioning techniques must hence be applied on the gradient vector and the data residuals in order to enhance the efficacy of waveform inversion starting from realistic frequencies. The smoothing of the gradient vector and inversion of early arrivals significantly improve the chance of convergence into the global minimum. The efficacy of preconditioning methods are however limited by the accuracy of the starting model
Roueff, Antoine. "Traitement des signaux sismiques multicapteurs et multicomposantes, utilisant les représentations temps-fréquence." Grenoble INPG, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPG0048.
Full textGallon, Jonathan. "Étude et optimisation d'un algorithme de reconstruction d'horizons sismiques 3D et extension aux données nD." Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3009.
Full textIn the oil industrie, 3D seismic data interpretation is an essential step to build a 3D geological model of an exploration area. This model is constructed with horizons (surfaces representing the main rock interfaces) and faults (surface representing rocks' fractures). In order to facilitate interpretation, a lot of automatic tools have been developed to build these surfaces, among which the 3D horizon propagation algorithm developed by Keskes et al. : this algorithm is considered today as the most powerful in term of surface quality. However, with the continuous increasing size of seismic data, one can observe a slowdown in computation time. The purpose of this thesis concerns the optimization of this seismic horizon reconstruction algorithm. To reduce the effect of the random access required by the propagator, which is very time consuming, we propose an intelligent bricked cache system fully adapted to the algorithm. Then, we modify the original version of the algorithm with a new propagation method in order to minimize the memory usage : the recursive propagation. Then we extend the propagation algorithm to nD data (multi-offsets acquisitions, multiazimuth. . . ) increasingly used for seismic interpretation. Two extensions are then proposed : a "free" propagation and a "constrained" propagation. As the new dimensions increase the seismic data size, we adapt the optimum cache system for each propagation extension in order to improve the performance for both propagations. Finally, we present and comment results of nD propagation obtained on real data
Pairazian, Karen. "Modélisation 3D des réservoirs pétroliers par l'intégration des données sismiques et géologiques : approches quantitatives multivariables." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL133N.
Full textKawamura, Taichi. "Nouveaux développements de la sismologie lunaire grâce à la re-analyse des données sismiques Apollo." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077232.
Full textThe thesis discusses the new understandings of lunar seismology obtained from the re-analyses of Apollo seismic data. Three topics will be discussed. First is the seismic use of Apollo 17 Lunar Surface Gravimeter Data. I reanalyzed the gravimeter data in and showed that we can obtain seismic information from the data. Using this additional data, I succeeded in identifying new farside deep moonquake and evaluating the observation bias of the Apollo seismic network. Second are the spectral analyses of moonquakes. By using both long and short period seismometer I succeeded in expanding the usable frequency range of the seismic spectra and enabled more detailed investigation of source mechanisms of moonquakes. From the investigation, I found that stress drop of deep moonquakes is -0. 1 MPa considering the effect of scattered energy into the coda. This is comparable with the stress variation caused by the tidal stress acting on the Moon and my result supports the model of tidally oriented deep moonquakes. Finally, I examined the spatial distribution of impact events and bombardment history on the Moon. I used the seismically identified meteorite impacts, which cover much smaller scale impacts compared to previous studies, and examined the cratering asymmetry on the Moon. From the close investigation, I found that the cratering asymmetry exists on the Moon for small meter size craters. In ail cases, I showed that Apollo seismic data is still an important piece of information and at the same time, additional data and observations are desired for more detailed discussion of the nature of lunar seismic events
Plessix, René-Edouard. "Détermination de la vitesse pour l'interprétation de données sismiques très haute résolution à l'échelle géotechnique." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090067.
Full textLarue, Anthony. "Blancheur et non-gaussianité pour la déconvolution aveugle de données bruitées : application aux signaux sismiques." Grenoble INPG, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00097161.
Full textThis thesis deals with the blind deconvolution of noisy data. We consider the case of seismic data. The inversion of the model need to select higher order statistics according to the distribution of the signals. To solve that, we use the assumptions of whiteness or of nongaussianity. We propose blind déconvolution algorithm in time domain and frequency domain. We measure whiteness by mutual information rate and nongaussianity with the negentropy. Afterwards, we study the sensitivity of the different algorithm with respect to a white Gaussian additive on the data. Theoretically and in practice on real and synthetic data, non-gaussianity appears as the method which provides the better trade off between déconvolution quality and noise amplification
De, Assis Peralta Raphaël. "Caractériser les populations stellaires à l'aide d'indices sismiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066106/document.
Full textLike terrestrial seismology, asteroseismology is the study of star quakes. These internal vibrations are detected by observing the luminosity (or velocity) variations at the stellar surfaces. From these time series, one computes power spectra which contain a wealth of information. In particular, for solar-like pulsators, we are able to observe the signal of granulation as well as the eigenmodes of stellar oscillations, both of which are a direct consequence of the convection in the star's envelope. Asteroseismology allows us to probe the interior of stars much like an ultrasound. Furthermore, with the large spatial photometric surveys CoRoT and Kepler, a new scope for seismology appeared. Indeed, it is possible to characterise to first order the oscillation spectra of solar-like pulsators with few indices or parameters, called seismic indices. Using simple relations, they allow us to estimate fundamental parameters of these stars. Asteroseismology is by consequence a very powerful tool for the study of stellar populations.In the perspective of the development of the Stellar Seismic Indices (SSI - The opening of the SSI database is planned for the summer of 2016, see http://ssi.lesia.obspm.fr/).) database, the purpose of my thesis was to develop an automatic method able to extract simultaneously the seismic indices and the parameters characterizing the granulation signature of solar-like pulsators. This method, called MLEUP, was optimized for red giants because for the few hundred main-sequence solar-like pulsators observed by CoRoT and Kepler, several tens of thousands of red giants have been observed by these same missions. MLEUP has a major advantage over most existing methods: it relies on the use red-giant stellar oscillation universal pattern (UP) to fit the oscillation spectra. This allows us to analyse the unsmoothed spectrum and fit simultaneously both granulation and oscillations with the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE).As a first step, MLEUP was tested on Monte Carlo simulations in order to quantify its performances. These simulations have revealed that MLEUP achieves very good performances, with low biases and dispersions. As a second step, we applied MLEUP to more than 36,500 stars observed by CoRoT and Kepler, thereby yielding seismic indices and granulation parameters for more than 13,500 stars. Those results have already been used in several works and are expected to be used in many more