Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traitement des eaux usées industrielles'
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Sawadogo, Boukary. "Traitement des eaux usées industrielles par des procédés membranaires sous climat sahélien : cas des eaux usées de brasserie au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG085/document.
Full textThe beverage industries generate large volumes of wastewater daily. Due to production residues and washing and disinfecting products, these industrial discharges, in addition to being loaded with organic matter, contain mineral pollutants such as sodium. Reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis (ED) and nanofiltration (NF) are efficient processes for the removal of dissolved inorganic pollutants and the membrane bioreactor (MBR) for the degradation of organic pollution. 4 MBR pilots, 2 from NF and 1 from ED were used to study the treatment of effluents from the beer and soft drinks industry using membrane technologies in the Sahelian climate context. The biomass evolution in the biological reactor and the treatment efficiency were followed. The influence of the operating conditions on the facilities running was also evaluated. The results obtained show that the characteristics of the industrial wastewater used vary significantly with average levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 5 gO2 / L, sodium of 0.5 mg / L and pH of 11. The evolution of the microorganisms in the biological reactor is influenced by the operating conditions, in particular the pH, the temperature, the organic load of the feed, the sludge retention time and the mechanical performance of the system. COD removal efficiencies between 93 and 96% were obtained both aerobically and anaerobically. Elimination of organic pollution was influenced by the acclimation of the biomass and by the mass loading in the reactor. Sodium was poorly retained by MBR treatment with low retention rates. The average biogas production yield with anaerobic MBR is estimated at 0.21 ± 0.03 L biogas/gCOD removed for an average flow rate of 89 ± 40 L/d. The application of NF to the MBR permeate has led to higher quality effluents with removal of both dissolved organic matter and ions. ED led to better salinity removal as a result of MBR but less of dissolved organic matter. The sodium concentrations in the final products of treatments obtained with NF and ED are less than 150 mg / L thus allowing a possible reuse of treated water for irrigation and a safe rejection in the environment. Taking into account the different activities, the operating cost of the current Brakina pre-treatment station is estimated at 140 FCFA/m3 of treated wastewater (€ 0.213), of which about 70% for the neutralization of wastewater by the addition of concentrated acid. Improving treatment with MBR-NF coupling shows an investment estimated at 3.8 billion FCFA (5.7 million euros). Operating expenses are estimated at 322 FCFA/m3 of treated wastewater (0.49 euros/m3 of treated wastewater) for an aerated MBR compared to 227 FCFA/m3 of treated wastewater (0.34 euro/m3 of treated wastewater) for anaerobic MBR is a decrease of 30%. The construction of such a system could lead to the sustainability of market gardening downstream of the Kossodo treatment plant and generate hundreds of permanent jobs with net revenues of more than 12 million FCFA/month (18.675 euros). Also, this could be a showcase for the social and environmental policy of Brakina. However, the major investments, the space requirements that the implementation of this proposal requires and the unavailability on site of technical competence for the curative maintenance of the system could be the main constraints to the implementation of this project.Key words: beverage production industry, electrodialysis, industrial wastewater, membrane bioreactor, nanofiltration
Htira, Thouaiba. "Traitement d’eaux usées industrielles par congélation sur paroi froide." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1155/document.
Full textThis work aims to study a process of industrial wastewater treatment by melt crystallization on a cold wall. Two effluent model solutions are chosen: water/acetone and water/propionic acid binary mixtures. First, the solid liquid phase diagrams are determined experimentally in order to delimit the operating range of temperature and concentration. Then, a parametric study of the wastewater treatment process by freezing is performed, by means of an experimental design, for two working modes, static mode and dynamic mode by adding a recirculation loop, respectively. The impurity concentration in the ice is analyzed after each freezing cycle. The process requires applying very precise conditions and the ice concentration mainly depends on the initial solution concentration and on the applied cooling rate. The ice microstructure is also characterized by optical microscopy in a cold chamber and gives insights into the mechanism of impurity incorporation: the liquid inclusions are localized under the form of solution pockets at low growth rate or between the polycrystals at higher growth rate. Lastly, 2D axisymmetric modelling of the process in static mode, based on finite elements and taking into account the moving boundary, shows the presence of buoyancy loops in relation with the density dependence of the solution with temperature. In dynamic mode, the hydrodynamics in the annular space is described by a 3D model to account for the positions of the inlet and outlet pipes. All the results demonstrate the process feasibility and allow better understanding of the occurring phenomena
Luo, Jianquan. "Traitement d'effluents industriels par filtration membranaire dynamique à fort cisaillement." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2026.
Full textMembrane filtration is easy to combine with other technologies to treat industrial wastewater, for the production of reusable water and the reutilization of organic/inorganic components. But flux decline due to concentration polarization and membrane fouling is an important limitation in applying membrane technologies to recycle wastewater. In order to reduce flux decline, shear-enhanced membrane filtration was used to treat detergent and dairy wastewaters in this work. Flux behaviors, fouling mechanisms, foulant roles and control strategies in recycling wastewater by shear-enhanced membrane filtration were investigated to provide useful information for industrial applications. The flux decline in the treatment of detergent wastewater by nanofiltration (NF) could be controlled as the surfactant concentration polarization layer was reduced by high shear rate on the membrane. Increasing feed pH had a positive effect by enhancing electrostatic repulsion between surfactant molecules and membrane. The membrane fouling layer could be broken up by water rinse, and thus membrane permeability could be fully recovered without any chemical cleaning. Membrane fouling in the treatment of dairy wastewater was more complicated. When operating at high shear rate and pressure, after a stable flux period, a slow flux decline caused by surface adsorption of foulants (lactose, multivalent salt ions and their aggregates) occurred. In this adsorption fouling stage, pore narrowing and blocking governed by foulant–membrane interaction were the main fouling mechanisms. In absence of chemical cleaning, this adsorption fouling could induce cake fouling formation by proteins-calcium aggregates, resulting in severe flux decline. Ultrafiltration (UF) pretreatment could reduce NF membrane fouling at low shear rate due to the elimination of caseins and whey proteins, while it had a negative effect on NF of UF permeate at high shear rates. Two new membrane operations, i. E. At extreme hydrodynamic conditions and threshold flux conditions, were proposed. Extreme hydrodynamic conditions consists in high shear rate and high applied pressure (up to 40 bar), while threshold flux operation implies limiting the flux to reduce fouling (the point above which flux ceases to increase linearly with transmembrane pressure). The former had high process efficiency and good permeate quality, but the latter is advantageous in long-term runs due to low flux decline. It can be concluded that, using shear-enhanced membrane filtration, flux decline can be well controlled by its high shear rate on the membrane. Extreme hydrodynamic operation with suitable chemical cleaning and threshold flux operation with low fouling rate, are two possible choices for dynamic shear-enhanced membrane process. The comparison and applicability of these two operations need to be further studied
Grégori, Thierry. "Influence de l'hydrodynamique sur les performances d'épuration d'un réacteur biologique de traitement d'effluents industriels : cas de l'eau de cokerie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL128N.
Full textThe optimisation of the performance of the industrial waste water treatment by activated sludge, requires a good knowledge of the biological processes used. The main problem of industrial waste water treatment is the influent component toxicity. The objective of this work is to present a study about, influence of aeration basin hydrodynamic on the filtering performances of coke oven waste water treatment. The two principal pollutants are phenol and thiocyanate. The comparison of the fonctionning of two different aeration basins (1 CSTR of 20 litres and 5 CSTR’s of 4 litres each in series), shows the great influence of water Residence Time Distribution on pollutant degradation. Due to the toxic character of the influent, the higher stability is obtained in single CSTR, where the toxicity is quickly diluted. So, for this kind of industrial influent, a single CSTR, for the aeration basin, is the more capable waste water treatment plant to have a good removal pollution efficiency, and, particularly to absorb the variations of pollutant concentrations in the influent. Howewer, the study in the 5 CSTR’s in series shows that, the main pollutants (phenol, and, thiocyanate) are sequentially degraded, with an inhibition of thiocyanate degradation by residual phenol concentration. All the experimental results, have permitted to determinate kinetic parameters. At last, a new type of bio-reactor, CSTR’s in series with counter-lfow feeding, is studied. It allows, to obtained in continuous, an adapted biomass for toxic influent biodegration
Vaxelaire, Stéphane. "Action d'un traitement ultrasonore basse fréquence sur la qualité et la production de boues activées." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS023.
Full textReduction of excess sludge production is one of the major stakes of the 21st century; excess sludge treatment accounting up to 60 % of total cost of wastewater treatment. Low frequencies ultrasounds, by there mechanical actions on flocs, are a potential way of treatment for reduces this sludge flow. The treatment tests have been performed on a lab-scale pilot made of two parallel activated sludge systems. Low frequencies ultrasonic treatment (20 kHz sonotrode, SODEVA) is placed at level of the recycling of sludge of one of the two activated sludge systems and it is possible to treat only a fraction of recycling flow. Treatment tests realized on lab-scale pilot allowed reducing sludge production of 30 %, with an increase of sludge mineralization on the treated line; the fraction of volatile solids is reduce from 75 % to 60 %. Moreover no degradation of the quality of effluent is observed. The organic matter created, have been oxidized in the pilot. In addition a decrease of flocs' diameter is observed, just as it make soluble a parts of compounds captive in flocs. Many hypotheses can be done on the effects of ultrasonic treatment -The treatment make soluble a parts of organic matter, as consequence to recycling a parts of sludge into substrates, the conversion yield of substrates into sludge isn't of 100 %, so there is a reduction of sludge production -The treatment change the physicals characteristics of sludge by a mechanical effect : flocs size is reduce, so exchange surface is increased and sludge activity supported. Now modelling allows checking hypotheses and establishes that the second hypothesis is more realistic, unlike to the first, which cannot only explain sludge production reduction. However many other hypotheses on the ultrasonic treatment effects cannot currently be isolated. So it is necessary to continue study. Moreover, the promising results make it possible to plan tests on a semi-industrial scale pilot in order to optimise the system
Vernus, Emmanuel. "Etude d'un procédé électrochimique en vue du traitement d'effluents de petites collectivités." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0047.
Full textWithin the framework of small communities' waste-water treatment, the implementation of an electrochemical process for chlorine production has been investigated to determine its application potential. The electro-chlorination process has been compared to the chemical chlorination, first in the presence of ammonia and then in the presence of uracil specified as an organic standard. Reduction by iron of the electrolytic chlorine has been carried out with the purpose of simulation. The overall process has been proved to be effective as a seawater disinfecting treatment with only a slight impact on the composition of the seawater. Because of its operating advantages, and considering the composition of the water to be treated and the objectives of treatment, electro-chlorination is suitable for small communities' waste-water treatment. In conclusion and regarding the regulatory, economical and ecological situation, a number of modules can be recommended for the setting up of treatment plants
Ohanessian, Kelly. "Optimisation de filières de traitement des eaux résiduaires industrielles par couplage de procédés physico-chimiques, thermiques et biologiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0368.
Full textThe modeling, simulation and optimization of different industrial wastewater treatment processes using the process coupling method were studied in order to compare their purification performances and to evaluate the associated energy and economic expenses. Three effluents characteristic of the microelectronic industry have been selected as example. As a first step, a bibliographic study allowed to determine the input data for each of the streams studied (flow rates, composition) as well as the conventional treatment methods used. The conventional treatment processes for the three effluents were then simulated on ProSimPlus®. Depending on the available functionalities of the software (modules, components, thermodynamic model), some processes have been modeled and/or developed on physical, chemical and kinetic data from the literature. In a second step, new treatment streams were proposed for each of the effluents considered. New processes were modeled and then simulated on ProSimPlus®. Depending on the effluent considered, the different couplings refined the treatment thus allowing to reach the discharge limits set in a natural environment or in a sensitive zone to eutrophication, but also to reduce reagents and energy consumption, validating the interest of the couplings. Also, the valorization of by-products has resulted in a significant saving on investment costs
Castillo, de Campins Soraya. "Étude d'un procédé compact de traitement biologique aérobie d'effluents laitiers." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0034.
Full textThis work concerns the treatment of the wastewaters issued from milk production or transformation. The main ideal is to propose a compact process performing an efficient bio-treatment. Such an objective can be obtained if high microorganisms concentrations can be reached, that need biomass to be retained inside of the reactor. For such a purpose, if a classical membrane bioreactor can be suitable in the case of industrial dairy wastewater, new constraints appear for the “white waters” that are produced by framings , such that small flowrates and variability, robustness and economy of the process. The first part of the work was devoted to the general study of the potentialities and limits of a membrane bioreactor operating with high volumetric loads and high cellular concentrations. The influence of this last operating condition has been specifically studied when applied to dairy wastewaters. The second part of the study has been devoted to the treatment of dairy farmings rejects. On the basis of the membrane bioreactor, a new principle of bioreactor has been designed and studied, associating a membrane process to retain the biomass, a more common technology and a sequential supply as found in farmings. The principle has been applied to treat the “white wastewaters” obtained when the milking process are washed two times a day
Reungoat, Julien. "Etude d’un procédé hybride couplant adsorption sur zéolithes et oxydation par l’ozone : application au traitement d’effluents aqueux industriels." Toulouse, INSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ISAT0044.
Full textThis study investigates a new hybrid process to degrade organic species in an industrial wastewater which is not suitable for biological treatment. This hybrid process consists of adsorption onto hydrophobic zeolites and oxidation with ozone in a single reactor. The first part of this study concerns the binary interactions between the different components of the process: the target compound, the adsorbents and ozone. This study leads to a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms. This information is then used in the second part of the study in which different configurations for the hybrid process are investigated. The parameters used to evaluate the process are the removal rate of the target compound, the removal rate of the by-products and the ozone consumption. In all the configurations the removal rates are enhanced and the ozone consumption is decreased compared with ozonation in absence of zeolite. The hybrid process can be configured in two ways: a sequential method consisting of an adsorption stage followed by a regeneration stage using ozone; and a continuous method in which the target compound and the ozone are simultaneously introduced into a fixed bed of zeolites
Coste, Marielle. "Traitement d'effluents industriels contenant des traces de cyanure résiduel." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECAP0445.
Full textAymonier, Cyril. "Traitement hydrothermal de déchets industriels spéciaux : données pour le dimensionnement d'installations industrielles et concepts innovants de réacteurs sonochimique et électrochimique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007553.
Full textBoedec, Arthur. "Traitement d'effluents polysiloxaniques dans des matrices aqueuses salines : potentiel de la nanofiltration et de l'oxydation biologique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30040/document.
Full textIndustrial production of silicones generates liquid streams containing siloxanes with high salinity. In a perspective of sustainable development and to consider the growing concern about the environmental impact of industrial residues, we are looking for treatment processes to remove siloxanes in wastewater. This study aims to evaluate the performance of two processes for the treatment of effluents containing siloxanes: nanofiltration and biological oxidation, Frontal nanofiltration experiments were carried out. Firstly, experiments with synthetic solutions (mix of water and siloxanes) have shown almost total siloxane retention in all conditions investigated. Then, experiments were performed with effluents of different compositions representative of industrial ones in order to evaluate the process robustness. It was concluded that nanofiltration is efficient to reduce the total organic content of the effluent and significantly reduces siloxanes concentration. Dilution of the effluent causes a decrease in TOC reduction and siloxanes retention, but the permeate quality is improved. Increasing salinity reduces the filtrate quality. Micro and ultrafiltration of identical effluents confirmed that only NF can reach a high level of siloxane retention. Tangential nanofiltration experiences were performed in order to prepare a more complete study which is necessary to anticipate industrialization of the process. Siloxanes biodegradability was explored by Oxitop method. No biological activity induced by siloxanes was recorded in Oxitop tests with activated sludge from wastewater treatment plant, but no toxic or inhibitory effects were observed. A pilot membrane bioreactor was fed in the laboratory for 6 months with a solution containing siloxanes to try to acclimate activated sludge to siloxane. Oxitop tests performed with sludge taken from the pilot did not show acclimation of microorganisms to siloxanes
Zografakis, Nikolas. "Contribution à l'automatisation et à la modélisation de la méthanisation d'effluents industriels en réacteur à lit fixe : application à un fermenteur travaillant à fortes charges." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0029.
Full textVillalobos, Garcia Jésus. "Evaluation d'un système de traitement à base de biomasse végétale pour le traitement décentralisé des eaux usées : du pilote à l'échelle industrielle." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0054.
Full textSanitation has always been a major concern for hygiene and public health issues. An on-site sewage facility (OSSF) ensures the collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of domestic wastewater. In France, the OSSF represents 20% of domestic wastewater treatment facilities. This represents a population of 12 million or about five million rural settlements. Among the technologies used in the OSSF, biological filtration systems using a filter media are often implemented. The treatment of wastewater (removal of suspended solids and organic matter) is carried out by the joint actions of filtration, and biodegradation by bacteria developing within the filter media. Historically, materials such as sand and peat are the most used. More recently coconut-based media to replace peat, the extraction of which is prohibited, are in increasing development. However, the carbon footprint of foreign imports of materials such as coconut is very important. Therefore, the use of local agro-industrial by-products could reduce the carbon footprint and make the use of these new filter media more compatible with environmental criteria. The first objective of this PhD thesis is to determine the degree of reliability under real conditions of an innovative filtering medium of lignocellulosic origin that has been proven successful in laboratory conditions. The study is based on the comparison of results obtained in the laboratory and in the field. In the laboratory, a hydraulic approach allowed the characterisation of the filter bed operation. In the field, the evaluation of a compact filter that has been running continuously for more than four years and five other installations has been completed. For all installations, the filter media tested allowed a quality of the discharged water in accordance with the current regulations. The estimated average reduction percentages of COD, BOD5 and TSS, are respectively over 79%, 98% and 88%, thus confirming the important degradation of the organic matter and particulate pollution. The second objective of this PhD thesis is to establish a set of physicochemical parameters to guide the choice of new materials potentially usable in OSSF. To do this, the characterisation of the key physicochemical parameters of new materials and the hydraulic parameters of the corresponding filter beds were carried out. Statistical analysis made it possible to study the correlations between these parameters and the purification performances of the materials. In the end, a selection methodology has been proposed
Amrouche, Wided-Lamia. "Conception de systèmes d'aide à la décision pour le traitement des effluents industriels : application à deux secteurs industriels : les industries agro-alimentaires et les industries de traitement de surfaces." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0642.
Full textLefebvre, Olivier. "Application des micro-organismes halophiles au traitement des effluents industriels hypersalins." Montpellier, ENSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENSA0030.
Full textMany industrial sectors are likely to generate highly saline wastewater: these include the chemical, pharmaceutical, agro-food, petroleum, textile and leather industries. The discharge of such wastewater without prior treatment is known to adversely affect the aquatic life, water potability and agriculture. The consequences are even worse in the case of regions already affected by water scarcity, where the compensation of inorganic salt pollutants is impossible. Thus, legislation is becoming more stringent and the treatment of saline wastewater is nowadays compulsory in many countries. Saline effluents are conventionally treated through physico-chemical means, as biological treatment is strongly inhibited by salts (mainly NaCl). However, the cost of physico-chemical treatments being particularly high, alternative treatment systems are nowadays increasingly the focus of research. Most of such systems involve anaerobic or aerobic biological treatment made possible by use of salt-tolerant micro-organisms. These halophilic micro-organisms are retrieved in the oceans but also in other hypersaline environments such as salterns and soda lakes. This thesis studies their survival and diversity in hypersaline sludge, as well as their application to carbonaceous, nitrogenous and phosphorous depollution of hypersaline industrial wastewater (focusing on tannery wastewater)
Zongo, Inoussa. "Étude expérimentale et théorique du procédé d'électrocoagulation : application au traitement de deux effluents textiles et d'un effluent simulé de tannerie." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL066N/document.
Full textElectrocoagulation (EC) is a water treatment technology that relies on the electrochemical sacrificial anodes (in Fe or Al) dissolution. This metal dissolve themselves in Al3+ and Fe2+ cations that later oxidise to Fe3+ ions. These cations form metal hydroxides that adsorb the impurities of the effluent while decreasing the zeta potential. The electrochemical reactor used consists on two plane parallel metal electrodes with recirculation of the effluent to be treated between them. Current densities from 50 to 200 A/m2 were imposed to treat each effluent. Three effluents were used in this study. The first one is an effluent sampled at the outlet of a textile plant (« plant »). The second one is a mixture of several effluents coming from different plant and collected at the inlet of the wastewater treatment (« treatment plant »). The last one is a wastewater tannery plant simulated by addition of 200 ppm Chromium VI in the treatment plant effluent. For each experience the current density and the time of treatment rule the electrical charge and the concentration in dissolved metal reached. The influence of these four parameters on the elimination of COD, absorbance, turbidity, COT and hexavalent chromium content has been studied. Parameters e.g. potential, faradic yield, metal dissolution and pH have also been continuously monitored to better understand their role on EC process. The results show that DCO abatement reached 80 and 82% for treatment plant effluent, respectively with iron and aluminium electrodes; and 75 and 67% for plant effluent, respectively with iron and aluminium electrodes. The chromium treatment yields 100 % abatement with Fe electrodes whereas it is only 70% using Al electrodes. Models have been developed for COD and absorbance removal for the two electrode materials. Model for chromium (VI) treatment has been established considering all reactions occurring for iron EC. Metal speciation study allowed us to determine the optimal pH of coagulation –flocculation for each metal involved in the treatment (Al, Fe, Cr). Competition between organic pollution removal and chromium elimination has been also investigated for each electrode material
Estébanez, Virginie. "Typologie et activité des populations microbiennes nitrifiantes issues des procédés de traitement biologique des effluents agricoles et industriels." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S008.
Full textThis work describes the characterization of the nitrifying microbial community of nineteen treatment plants treating municipal or industrial food processing wastewaters. Activated sludges were analyzed for their maximal activities of nitritation and nitratation by liquid respirometry. While the activated sludge from municipal and livestock WWTPs exhibit similar activities within each group, the other treatment plants have very different activities. The diversity and quantity of nitrite and nitrate oxidizing communities were studied by T-RFLP and real-time quantitative PCR. Between the sites studied, differences in community structure are shown. The nitrite oxidizing biomass is, for all activated sludges, composed of bacteria and archaea, but with different ratios from one plant to another. The majority of the sludges shows a community of nitrite oxidizing bacteria dominated by the genus Nitrosomonas. The few stations with a dominance of Nitrosospira have activities of nitrite and nitrate oxidation close to zero or very low. This correlation between the presence of Nitrosospira and a potential problem in nitrification activity should be verified on site to quickly detect problems in the treatment of nitrogen. This analysis also shows that half of the stations of this study present a community of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria composed of Nitrospira and Nitrobacter. Among all the quantified populations, only the number of nitrite oxidizing bacteria correlates with the activity of nitrification. These bacteria therefore represent the community responsible for nitrification
Zodi, Salim. "Étude de l'épuration d'effluents de composition complexe par électrocoagulation et des couplages intervenants entre le traitement électrochimique et l'étape de séparation : application à l'industrie textile et papetière." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0097/document.
Full textElectrocoagulation eliminates simultaneously a large spectrum of organic pollutants, dyes and heavy metals; therefore, it has been studied extensively. However, little work has been undertaken to investigate more thoroughly its behaviors. The complexity of the effluent for which it is particularly interesting to use this method also makes it difficult to analyze the results. This thesis aims to contribute to understanding the coupling electrocoagulation - settling and interactions associated with complex effluent multi-pollutants. Also a continuous reactor has been addressed in the case of a simple synthetic sewage to better understand the differences from the batch operation. This study is based on a systematic approach based on the elementary processes of electrocoagulation: Electrochemistry, coagulation and physical separation. Each process provides a basis for studying the interactions that then the overall modeling process. To study the electro-decantation couplings, industrial textile effluents were treated by electrocoagulation followed by a settling step, without flocculent. The effect of parameters on electrocoagulation settleability of treated effluent and removal efficiency of pollution has been studied in particular by following the settling velocity in the test tube and calculating the SVI. The second objective of this our work was to study the coupling between the different types of pollution and to eliminate a particular paper mill effluent containing organic pollutants and arsenic. Finally, we conducted a study on the performance of EC-coupling settling for the treatment of a synthetic textile effluent flow reactor. The latter is composed of two elements, the electrochemical cell followed by a settling chamber
Seboun, Virginie. "La gestion des déchets industriels en hydrologie." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P106.
Full textAlasri, Anouar. "Procédures microbiologiques de fabrication et de conditionnement des membranes d'ultrafiltration." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT007G.
Full textPillaud, Jean-Louis. "Application de l'oxydation anodique au traitement de certains effluents industriels." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376089134.
Full textGanzenko, Oleksandra. "Bio-electro-Fenton : optimization of electrochemical advanced oxidation process in the perspective of its combination to a biological process for the removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1196/document.
Full textWater pollution is one of the biggest challenges that humanity faces and combating it requires the development of treatment processes, as conventional methods used nowadays are no longer effective for the removal of various complex pollutants. Recently pharmaceuticals have been recognized to be contaminants of emerging environmental concern as their traces were detected in a spectrum of water bodies around the globe. The long term effects of their presence in a natural environment are not yet fully studied, but the potential outcomes can be detrimental to a sustainable future. Among the variety of currently rising treatment technologies, the electro-Fenton method, an electrochemical advanced oxidation process, has demonstrated an ability to eliminate pharmaceuticals as well as other types of persistent contaminants. This electrocatalytical process generates in situ strong oxidants species - hydroxyl radical (OH) - which non-selectively degrade organic pollutants. Due to the extensive cost in the application of electrical energy, its operation might be cost-prohibitive. A solution would be to combine it with biological processes which are more economically viable, but also less effective in the removal of pharmaceuticals. The combined process is expected to have a synergetic effect between cost and effectiveness. The goal of this PhD thesis is to optimize operating conditions of the electro-Fenton process for a feasible combination with a biological process as a means of treating pharmaceutical pollution. The main objectives addressed by this work are related to the influence of operating parameters of the electro-Fenton process on (a) removal of pharmaceuticals; (b) mineralization of organic matter; (c) enhancement of biodegradability; (d) energy consumption. The thesis has three distinct parts related to the type of treated aqueous solution. First, a mechanistic study was conducted on aqueous solutions of individual pharmaceuticals in order to understand general trends of their removal. Next, a series of experiments was carried out on a synthetic mixture of thirteen pharmaceuticals from different therapeutic classes. Lastly, laboratory bench-scale reactors of a combined bio-electro-Fenton process were operated for the treatment of real wastewater. The advance in the complexity of the treated solution allowed a comprehensive comparison and analysis of the influence of the operating parameters. The main results include the optimal values of two operating parameters: the catalyst (Fe2+) concentration and the applied current intensity for a given electro-Fenton setup. The effects of the operating parameters on the removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic matter were similar regardless of the treated solution. The optimal value for the Fe2+ concentration was concluded to be around 0.2 mM. The optimal current intensity was in the range 100-500 mA. The efficiency of the current in terms of the pharmaceuticals' removal was the highest with the lowest intensity (100-300 mA). At the same time the biodegradability, which was an important factor in the biological post-treatment process, improved with higher intensities of electric current (500-1000 mA). However, high current intensities resulted in an elevated energy consumption, particularly with a prolonged treatment time. A tradeoff would have to be consequently made between energy saving and the removal rates that should be found in any single case. The novelty of the research presented in this PhD thesis is firstly attributed to the novelty of the combination of electro-Fenton to a biological process. A detailed study of the influence of operating parameters of the electro-Fenton process on removal rates and biodegradability enhancement contributed not only to the general knowledge on the electro-Fenton process, but also to the advancement towards its upscaling and then further towards the industrial application of this technique
Lesage, Nicolas. "Etude d’un procédé hybride Adsorption / Bioréacteur à membranes pour le traitement des effluents industriels." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000294/.
Full textTabet, Karim. "Valorisation de co-produits agro-industriels pour la production de charbons actifs végétaux : Applications à la décoloration de sirops de sucres et au traitement des eaux." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1481.
Full textThe main objective of this work is the valorization and the minimization of agro-industrial byproducts of straw and bran for the manufacture of activated carbon (AC). After a lab-scale optimization allowing the selection of the activation/carbonization parameters, we have produced effective AC and specified the influence of the operating conditions on their porous structure. We used TGA to establish the role of the chemical agent in the development of porosity. While manufactliring AC in a pilot scale furnace, we established that the pyrolysis gases are essential to obtain well-developed porosity AC, and showed that CO2 is directly responsible for the development of porosity. Lastly, we established that sugar decolorization depends on the volume of the mesopores ranging between 4 nm and 12 Dm. By testing our AC in water treatment, we showed that the pesticides adsorption capacities are related to the microporous volume
Arnaud, Thierry. "Etude de la méthanisation des effluents de l'industrie agroalimentaire par des réacteurs à biodisques." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS014.
Full textThe wastewater treatment market of the food processing industry moved toward the use of small wastewater treatment units which require a specific and different technological approach in comparison with the big industrial units; notably in the mountains areas and the farming zones, for the small cooperative and private structures. Anaerobic rotating biological contactors (AnRBC) proved their technical and economic viability for facilities of small capacities but only for aerobic treatments. Regarding this situation, the main target of this study was to achieve the survey of wastewater anaerobic treatment in the food processing industry by AnRBC, in different configurations, and at the pilot scale. Two types of wastewater coming from food processing industries have been selected for the tests : dairy and winery cooperatives. These industrial wastewaters are known for their good biodegradability by anaerobic way and each sector is currently asking some economic technological solutions for its wastewater treatment. The survey has been driven on three successive pilots: a pilot of 500 L, a pilot of 25 L and a pilot of 50 L. In the optimized configuration of the 50 L pilot (complete immersion and 30 rpm), the anaerobic biofilm developed itself quickly to stabilize at the end of eight weeks, to a thickness of 1,5 mm on the whole surface of the disks. Due to the weak density of the biodisques in relation to the pilot volume, the proportion of biomass represented by the biofilm never passed 15% of the total weight of biomass. A COD removal close to 80% has been reached with a temperature of 20°C, a volumic load of 2 kgCOD. Mˉ³. Dˉ¹, a massic load of 0,3 kgCOD. KgMVSˉ¹. Dˉ¹, a surfacic load of 0,11 kg COD. Mˉ². Dˉ¹s kg. The production of biogas was very linear with a ratio of 0,45 L biogas by g COD eliminated
Charles, Jérémie. "Procédés physico-chimiques de décontamination et impact des rejets aqueux de la filière traitement de surface : approches chimique et écotoxicologique." Thesis, Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA2040.
Full textThe surface treatment (ST) industry is currently undergoing major upheavals, particularly concerning environmental aspects, due to increasingly stringent standards. ST uses large volumes of water and chemicals in its manufacturing processes and its wastewater is acknowledged as being among the most polluting. The main environmental problem facing ST plants is the high pollution load of the effluent they generate. In this thesis, we analyzed and optimized three physicochemical units for the treatment of ST industrial wastewaters. We present the abatements obtained in the levels of pollution after the various chemical optimizations validated in the laboratory and then transposed to the industrial site. To evaluate the utility of each optimization proposal, bioassays using three bioindicators (Daphnia magna, Gammarus pulex, Lactuca sativa) were also carried out on the effluents of the treatment plants. The results showed that discharge waters were characterized by a polycontamination, organic and metallic, highly variable in time. These effluents also presented a high toxicity towards the bioindicators studied. Bioassays confirmed the preponderant role of metal in the toxicity. The optimization of the station and chemical treatment proposed reduced the organic load and the concentrations of metals. Decreasing pollutant concentrations in the wastewaters led to a significant reduction of their toxicity on the three bioindicators. This demonstrates that there is a relationship between “chemical efficiency” and “reduction of environmental impact”
Narce, Cécile. "Système interactif d'aide à la décision pour la supervision et la formation environnementale appliquées aux entreprises de traitement de surface." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783795.
Full textRaizer, Neto Ernesto. "Amélioration de la stabilité de fonctionnement et des performances des stations d'épuration biologique d'effluents de cokerie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL134N.
Full textVanessa, Peings. "Le ferrate (VI) de potassium : optimisation de sa synthèse par voie hétérogène à une échelle semi-industrielle et applications au traitement des eaux, de polluants modèles aux effluents réels." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3041.
Full textPotassium ferrate (VI) is a new challenging product in the field of water treatment. The world interest in this high-valent iron is explained by its properties of chemical oxidant, coagulant and disinfectant. However, high cost of its production restricts its big scale applications. Thus, the main objective of this study is focused on ferrate synthesis in a solid form more stable K2(Fe0,5,S0,5)O4. At first, synthesis has been developed at lab scale to improve understanding of its mechanisms and define the conception of a small industrial pilot. At the moment, a product with 28-34% of K2(Fe0,5,S0,5)O4 is obtained. The removal of organics (pharmaceuticals, toxins, bacteria…) and inorganics (cyanides, metals…) in water by ferrate (VI) has been explored. An oxidation mechanism which consists in a single electron transfer has been highlighted for phenol treatment. Finally, the results confirm the real ability of the product synthesized to treat both contaminants in water and industrial effluents
El, Haité Halima. "Traitement des eaux usees par les reservoirs operationnels et reutilisation pour l’irrigation." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EMSE0569/document.
Full textBenslimane STEP is an aerated lagoons system followed by four operational tanks. The evolution of pollution parameters between input and output of the reservoirs, shows a removal of 60% for BOD5, 40% for COD, 48% for TSS and 98% for coliforms. Changes in concentrations of various pollution parameters under the same operating system and the same weather conditions is synchronous in the four reservoirs showing the same performance. The results of water quality along the reservoir's water column between 40 cm and 350 cm show an homogeneous column where all the reactions take place under aerobic conditions. These tanks can store and almost achieve a total microbiological purification of effluents. They are a solution to the arid and semi-arid areas for finishing of waste water and irrigation development
Moreno, Osorio Jairo. "Biofilms de microalgues pour l'élimination des nutriments des eaux usées industrielles." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1103.
Full textThe aim of this Ph.D. research was to develop a bench scale microalgae biofilm technology for phosphorus rich effluents treatment toward the production of secondary valuable products, i.e. phosphorus recovery.Fundamental research was conducted to select efficient microalgae strains in terms of successful wastewater treatment and algal biomass production, in order to develop a process with low addition of electricity and chemical reagents. A total of 21 microalgae strains were screened and seven strains were selected according to their growth rate. The growth rate and nutrient removal efficiency of six strains were evaluated under different synthetic wastewater conditions, Chlorella vulgaris ACUF_809 showed superior efficiency of phosphate removal compared with the strains screened. Chlorella sp. ACUF_802 was characterized additionally by the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus limitating conditions in the growth medium. Laboratory scale experiments were done to evaluate the biofilm formation performance on textile fabrics. Photosynthetic activity, colonization percentage and biomass growth were investigated for two isolated Chlorella spp. Diffferences in biofilm formation performance were obswerved between the strains. It was found that combined analysis of non-destructive optical methods is an effective methodology for monitoring the early stages of biofilm development. Biofilm average thickness (106.37 ± 47 µm) was measured. Furthermore, as a promising valuable recovery product, phosphate distribution and localization during C: pyrenoidosa ACUF_808 and C. vulgaris ACUF_809 biofilms development were examined over time and keeping the spatial context unaltered. Using physiology measurements combined to advance microscopic, spectroscopic and mass spectrometric techniques were determined cellular growth, cell adhesion, physiological performance and nutrient (phosphate and nitrate) removal and visualized phosphate accumulation at single-cell level within the biofilms.Biomass production and nutrient removal efficiency by the microalgae Scenedesmus vacuolatus and C. vulgaris ACUF_809 from synthetic wastewater in a new laboratory configuration biofilm photobioreactor (PBR) was studied. Biofilm development on cotton fabric was followed in the PBR under semi-batch conditions during 41 days. Complete nutrient removal was obtained by S. vacuolatus ACUF_053 and five stages in the development of the biofilm were identified: 1) attachment, 2) biofilm formation, 3) maturation I, 4) selection/adaptation and 5) maturation II. In contrast, C. vulgaris ACUF_809 biofilm development showed a more regular biomass growth and constant removal efficiency. This research offers novel fundamental information in the field of microalgae biofilms formation with a scope for a wider range of scientific applications, including the possibility of coupled wastewater treatment with potential recovery of phosphate
Gagnon, Daniel. "Nouvelle approche de traitement des eaux usées papetières." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6664/1/000693441.pdf.
Full textBaugros, Jean-Baptiste. "Recherche et développement dans le domaine des substances chimiques : préparation aux réponses du sytème REACH." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00371357.
Full textAprès avoir ciblé plusieurs substances listées sur l'annexe XVII de REACH, nous avons complété cette sélection par des polluants prioritaires de l'environnement Rhône Alpin tels les pesticides. Ainsi, la méthode d'analyse proposée permet de détecter et de quantifier par CPG-SM et CPL-SM/SM 33 substances (10 alkylphénols, 5 fongicides triazole, 1 fongicide morpholine,
1 acaricide pyridazinone, 2 phtalates, bisphénol A, 2 insecticides carbamates, un résidu des pesticides dithiocarbamates, 2 pesticides organophosphorés et 8 organochlorés) dans des matrices environnementales aussi complexes que des effluents et des boues de station épuration.
L'extraction des analytes est menée par Extraction sur Phase Solide (SPE) pour les échantillons aqueux et par Extraction par Solvant Accélérée (ASE) qui a été entièrement optimisée par étude statistique des paramètres. Les extraits sont ensuite purifiés de la même manière par SPE. La préparation à la validation de ma méthode nous a permis de confirmer des limites de détection basses comprises entre 7,2 ppt et 1,27 ppb dans les eaux et entre 5 ppb et 1,7 ppm dans les boues/sols
Minière, Marine. "Etude du couplage d'un procédé d'oxydation en voie humide et d'un bioprocédé à biofilm aérobie en lit fixe pour le traitement de composés organiques réfractaires aux traitements conventionnels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4375/document.
Full textCoupling Wet Air Oxidation (WAO) with an aerobic Packed-Bed Biofilm Reactor (PBBR) has been studied, firstly to assess its feasibility to treat a given effluent, and secondly to develop a coupled-process modeling and simulation in order to evaluate its energetic performance and investment cost. Two model compounds were selected: phenol, representing margins, and Acid Orange 7 dye, representing some textile effluents. First of all, WAO of model compound was studied to select operating conditions leading to an effluent which was adapted to biological treatment. Then, PBBRs were implemented: effect of acclimation to the model compound and effect of reactor configuration (upflow or downflow) were studied. Finally, the PBBRs were fed with the pre-oxidized effluent, allowing to conclude on the feasibility of the coupled process. Furthermore, simulation of WAO of model compound was carried out on ProsimPlus® software thanks to thermodynamics, hydrodynamics and kinetics data from literature and/or experiments. As well, a PBBR model was developed using literature physics and kinetics data, it was then experimentally validated and implemented on ProsimPlus®. Thus, simulations of the treatment by WAO – PBBR coupled process of the selected effluents were undertaken. In both cases, feasibility of the coupled process was experimentally established: biological reactor improved treatment of model compound and/or TOC, with yields up to 99% and 96% respectively. Besides, simulations allowed to assess a positive energy balance – indicating a potentially autothermic process – and a significant gain on WAO investment cost, so that the interest of coupling WAO and PBBR was demonstrated
Laroye, Marc-Yvan. "Contribution de la mesure de turbidité au suivi en ligne du fonctionnement des stations d'épuration biologiques." Limoges, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIMO0042.
Full textLi, Fang Han. "Nitrification et dénitrification endogène par lits bactériens et bassin d'anoxie." Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0006.
Full textTwo pilot-scale studies were carried out to asses system performances for COD alimentation, nitrification and denitrification. The system consisted principally of two percolating filters with Cloisonyle plastic media, an intermediate setting tank, an anoxic tank and a final tank setting tank. In the first study, the anoxic tank was placed between the first filter and the intermediate setting tank. A total recycle rate was applied at this level. The system was operated for 11months at Pierre Bénite municipal sewage near Lyon, receiving a settle affluent from the primary sedimentation tank of this station. In the second study, the anoxic tank was placed after de second filter without total recycle. The system functioned for 14 month in laboratory, Fed with non-characteristic local sewage with the addition of abattoir plasma. .
Andrianarison, Tahina Razanadraibe. "Traitement d'effluents urbains dans un système de 11 lagunes : décontamination microbienne et élimination de l'azote." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20104.
Full textCôté, Martin. "Modélisation d'un bioréacteur à plateaux pour le traitement des eaux usées." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0005/MQ33604.pdf.
Full textLettermann, Jean-Marie. "Le traitement des eaux usées par le moyen de la rhizosphère." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR1M227.
Full textAvella, Vasquez Ana Catalina. "Substances polymériques extracellulaires dans les procédés de traitement des eaux usées." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL029N/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is firstly, i) to study the microbial behaviour of the biomass especially the production of the EPS in the presence of pharmaceutical compounds (an anticancer product and five antibiotics); and secondly, ii) to study EPS in the context of the sludge settling in wastewater treatment plants. The study in the presence of the anticancer product was done in membrane bioreactors. The presence of the anticancer product provoked the production of the EPS as the protection mechanism which is at the origin of the membrane fouling.The effect of five antibiotics was evaluated in batch reactors. The family of macrolides showed the most important effect on the microbial activity with a significant increase of the EPS production which was associated with a protection mechanism.Sludge settling in the presence of fungi was carried out in a pilot reactor. The spectacularly improvement of the sludge settleability was related with a better cohesion inside of the flocs attributed to an increase of the EPS production.Finally, the diagnosis of different wastewater treatment processes was established in three paper mill wastewater treatment plants thanks to the double approach used here, the physico-chemical analysis of the sludge and the statistical analysis by principal components analysis of the different parameters recorded in each plant. We tried to describe the parameter related to the settling behaviour by linear or polynomial regressions of second degree in function of a reduced number of the measured parameters
Suh, Young-Jin. "Elaboration d'un guide pour l'amélioration et l'évaluation de la qualité d'inventaire de l'ACV : application aux filières de traitement des eaux usées urbaines." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAL0080.
Full textThis work was firstly devoted to the methodology development aiming at increasing the credibility of the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) results. Secondly, the method proposed was applied to a case study: the comparison of two municipal wastewater treatment systems. The proposed methods are as follow. Firstly, for the reliable inventory analysis, the treatment of a volume of wastewater was proposed as functional unit with a concept “negative environmental charge". Recommendations were also made for system boundary selection and for allocation rules. Secondly, with regard to inventory quality assessment, the method suggested uses quality indicators: on one hand, exactitude, temporal, geographical and technical representativeness, and completeness for the data quality assessment; on the other hand, definition of system boundary and functional unit, and allocation and aggregation rules for the model quality assessment. Finally, the result of the case study conduced to compare the environmental impacts of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP A: lamellar decantation + biofiltration; WWTP B: activated sludge + sand filteration) showed that WWTP A consuming more chemicals and energy was less environmentally friendly than WWTP B
Muret-Marty, Carole. "Estimation de traitabilité potentielle d'eaux résiduaires industrielles par de nouveaux paramètres de caractérisation." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00850051.
Full textEl, Haité Hakima. "Traitement des eaux usées par les réservoirs opérationnels et réutilisation pour l'irrigation." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00611149.
Full textMonette, Frédéric. "Traitement des eaux usées par coagulation-floculation avec recirculation des boues chimiques." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/NQ42826.pdf.
Full textBen, Youssef Chérif. "Filtrage, estimation et commande adaptative d'un procédé de traitement des eaux usées." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT014H.
Full textSoehartanto, Totok. "Analyse de stabilité et commande de procédé de traitement des eaux usées." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0187.
Full textLorain, Olivier. "Contribution a l'etude du traitement des eaux par congelation : potentialites et applications." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0047.
Full textAlcaraz, González Víctor. "Estimation et commande robuste non-linéaires des procédés biologiques de dépollution des eaux usées : application à la digestion anaérobie." Perpignan, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PERP0446.
Full textThis PhD Thèsis is concenred with the development of robust nonlinear estimation and control strategies for the optimisation of biological wastewaters treatment plants in general and with their experimental application on anaerobic digestion processes in particular
Casellas, Claude. "Dynamique des écosystèmes de lagunes d'épuration d'eaux usées : application au lagunage expérimental de Marrakech (Maroc), comparaison avec le lagunage de Mèze (Hérault)." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON13520.
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