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Journal articles on the topic 'Traits robustes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Calus, M. P. L., D. P. Berry, G. Banos, Y. de Haas, and R. F. Veerkamp. "Genomic selection: the option for new robustness traits?" Advances in Animal Biosciences 4, no. 3 (2013): 618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470013000186.

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Genomic selection is rapidly becoming the state-of-the-art genetic selection methodology in dairy cattle breeding schemes around the world. The objective of this paper was to explore possibilities to apply genomic selection for traits related to dairy cow robustness. Deterministic simulations indicate that replacing progeny testing with genomic selection may favour genetic response for production traits at the expense of robustness traits, owing to a disproportional change in accuracies obtained across trait groups. Nevertheless, several options are available to improve the accuracy of genomic

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Firn, Jennifer, Huong Nguyen, Martin Schütz, and Anita C. Risch. "Leaf trait variability between and within subalpine grassland species differs depending on site conditions and herbivory." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1907 (2019): 20190429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0429.

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Plant traits are commonly used to predict ecosystem-level processes, but the validity of such predictions is dependent on the assumption that trait variability between species is greater than trait variability within a species—the robustness assumption. Here, we compare leaf trait intraspecific and interspecific variability depending on geographical differences between sites and 5 years of experimental herbivore exclusion in two vegetation types of subalpine grasslands in Switzerland. Four leaf traits were measured from eight herbaceous species common to all 18 sites. Intraspecific trait varia

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Coffey, M. P., S. McParland, C. Bastin, E. Wall, D. Berry, and R. F. Veerkamp. "Implementation in breeding programmes." Advances in Animal Biosciences 4, no. 3 (2013): 626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470013000198.

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Genetic improvement is easy when selecting for one heritable and well-recorded trait at a time. Many industrialised national dairy herds have overall breeding indices that incorporate a range of traits balanced by their known or estimated economic value. Future breeding goals will contain more non-production traits and, in the context of this paper, traits associated with human health and cow robustness. The definition of Robustness and the traits used to predict it are currently fluid; however, the use of mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopic analysis of milk will help to create new phenotyp

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Soto, Christopher J. "Do Links Between Personality and Life Outcomes Generalize? Testing the Robustness of Trait–Outcome Associations Across Gender, Age, Ethnicity, and Analytic Approaches." Social Psychological and Personality Science 12, no. 1 (2020): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619900572.

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The Big Five personality traits have been linked with a broad range of consequential life outcomes. The present research systematically tested whether such trait–outcome associations generalize across gender, age, ethnicity, and analytic approaches that control for demographic and personality covariates. Analyses of nationally representative samples from the Life Outcomes of Personality Replication project ( N = 6,126) indicated that (a) most trait–outcome associations do generalize across gender, age, and ethnicity; (b) controlling for overlap between personality traits substantially reduces

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Akpertey, Abraham, Esther Anim-Kwapong, Paul Kwasi Krah Adu-Gyamfi, and Atta Ofori. "Genetic variation among biparental Robusta coffee families and implications for variety development." Experimental Agriculture 56, no. 2 (2019): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479719000255.

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AbstractUnderstanding the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance (GA) of traits in any plant population is an important pre-requisite for variety development. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of genetic variability among vegetative growth traits and yield, assess the relationship among the growth traits and yield and predict GA for the most heritable traits among Robusta coffee full-sib families. The trial was established in June 2009 at the experimental fields of the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana with 62 full-sib families planted in a randomized complete

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Sakavara, Athanasia, George Tsirtsis, Daniel L. Roelke, Rebecca Mancy, and Sofie Spatharis. "Lumpy species coexistence arises robustly in fluctuating resource environments." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 4 (2017): 738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705944115.

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The effect of life-history traits on resource competition outcomes is well understood in the context of a constant resource supply. However, almost all natural systems are subject to fluctuations of resources driven by cyclical processes such as seasonality and tidal hydrology. To understand community composition, it is therefore imperative to study the impact of resource fluctuations on interspecies competition. We adapted a well-established resource-competition model to show that fluctuations in inflow concentrations of two limiting resources lead to the survival of species in clumps along t

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Hermesch, S., L. Li, A. B. Doeschl-Wilson, and H. Gilbert. "Selection for productivity and robustness traits in pigs." Animal Production Science 55, no. 12 (2015): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15275.

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Pig breeding programs worldwide continue to focus on both productivity and robustness. This selection emphasis has to be accompanied by provision of better-quality environments to pigs to improve performance and to enhance health and welfare of pigs. Definition of broader breeding objectives that include robustness traits in addition to production traits is the first step in the development of selection strategies for productivity and robustness. An approach has been presented which facilitates extension of breeding objectives. Post-weaning survival, maternal genetic effects for growth as an i

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He, Dong. "Leaf economic strategies of a sclerophyllous plant (Eurya japonica): commonalities and particularities of trait correlation structures in low-moisture and low-phosphorus habitats." Functional Plant Biology 48, no. 10 (2021): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp21119.

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Sclerophylly proves an advantageous strategy in a variety of stressful environments. However, it is less clear how multiple phenotypic traits in sclerophyllous plants are integrated to accomplish proper functions under specific stressors. This study measured 10 leaf traits in a sclerophyllous species, Eurya japonica Thunb., in the Zhoushan Archipelago, eastern China, to examine how the structures of trait correlation (i.e. phenotypic integration) vary between two habitats with contrasting moisture and phosphorus (P) availability. Overall, the trait correlation matrices were similar between the

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Casasa, Sofia, and Armin P. Moczek. "Insulin signalling's role in mediating tissue-specific nutritional plasticity and robustness in the horn-polyphenic beetle Onthophagus taurus." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1893 (2018): 20181631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1631.

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Organisms cope with nutritional variation via developmental plasticity, adjusting trait size to nutrient availability for some traits while enabling others to develop in a nutritionally robust manner. Yet, the developmental mechanisms that regulate organ-specific growth across nutritional gradients remain poorly understood. We assessed the functions of members of the insulin/insulin-like signalling pathway (IIS) in the regulation of nutrition sensitivity and robustness in males of the horn-polyphenic beetle Onthophagus taurus , as well as potential regulatory interactions between IIS and two o

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Hurtado, P., M. Prieto, J. Martínez-Vilalta, et al. "Disentangling functional trait variation and covariation in epiphytic lichens along a continent-wide latitudinal gradient." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1922 (2020): 20192862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2862.

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Characterizing functional trait variation and covariation, and its drivers, is critical to understand the response of species to changing environmental conditions. Evolutionary and environmental factors determine how traits vary among and within species at multiple scales. However, disentangling their relative contribution is challenging and a comprehensive trait–environment framework addressing such questions is missing in lichens. We investigated the variation in nine traits related to photosynthetic performance, water use and nutrient acquisition applying phylogenetic comparative analyses i

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Wende, Beate, Martin M. Gossner, Ingo Grass, et al. "Trophic level, successional age and trait matching determine specialization of deadwood-based interaction networks of saproxylic beetles." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1854 (2017): 20170198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0198.

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The specialization of ecological networks provides important insights into possible consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystem functioning. However, mostly mutualistic and antagonistic interactions of living organisms have been studied, whereas detritivore networks and their successional changes are largely unexplored. We studied the interactions of saproxylic (deadwood-dependent) beetles with their dead host trees. In a large-scale experiment, 764 logs of 13 tree species were exposed to analyse network structure of three trophic groups of saproxylic beetles over 3 successional years. We

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Hudson, Nathan W., R. Chris Fraley, William J. Chopik, and Daniel A. Briley. "Change Goals Robustly Predict Trait Growth: A Mega-Analysis of a Dozen Intensive Longitudinal Studies Examining Volitional Change." Social Psychological and Personality Science 11, no. 6 (2020): 723–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619878423.

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Research suggests that change goals (desires to change personality traits) predict subsequent trait growth. In this article, we (re)analyzed all data our labs have collected as of May 2019 that included measures of change goals and repeated measures of personality traits (12 studies; total n = 2,238). Results indicated that change goals robustly predicted growth in all five traits. Effect sizes were largest for extraversion and emotional stability (people with high change goals were predicted to experience ∼0.16 SDs greater growth across 16 weeks than their peers with average goals) and smalle

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Knap, P. W. "Breeding robust pigs." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 8 (2005): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05041.

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Past developments in livestock breeding have led to considerable genetic change in production traits, but the follow-up of nutrition and management is often incomplete. The pig production sector is moving to hotter climates, and to more intensive and limiting conditions. This increases demands for animal robustness. Robustness can be implemented as a breeding objective trait just like production traits. Breeding for robustness is feasible, but requires substantial investment in data and technology. As for all low-heritability traits with complicated data recording, DNA markers provide a useful

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Gibson, Greg, and Kristine A. Lacek. "Canalization and Robustness in Human Genetics and Disease." Annual Review of Genetics 54, no. 1 (2020): 189–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-022020-022327.

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Canalization refers to the evolution of populations such that the number of individuals who deviate from the optimum trait, or experience disease, is minimized. In the presence of rapid cultural, environmental, or genetic change, the reverse process of decanalization may contribute to observed increases in disease prevalence. This review starts by defining relevant concepts, drawing distinctions between the canalization of populations and robustness of individuals. It then considers evidence pertaining to three continuous traits and six domains of disease. In each case, existing genetic eviden

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Anuarbek, Shynar, Saule Abugalieva, and Yerlan Turuspekov. "Validation of Bread Wheat KASP Markers in Durum Wheat Lines in Kazakhstan." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 73, no. 5 (2019): 462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2019-0071.

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Abstract Development of efficient DNA markers plays an important role in modern breeding projects of many crops, including cultivated hexaploid bread wheat (BW) and tetraploid durum wheat (DW). Findings of genome-wide association studies on major polyploid crops, such as BW, may also help in molecular breeding studies in relative cultivated species with a similar genetic background, including DW. Therefore, the validation of identified quantitative trait loci or marker-trait associations is an important preliminary step in marker-assisted selection (MAS) oriented projects. In this study, thirt

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Wall, E., M. P. Coffey, and S. Brotherstone. "Developing a robustness index for UK dairy cows." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200019554.

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Selection for increased milk production may have resulted in the “shift” in nutrient partitioning towards milk production away from maintenance of functional fitness. This has led to the conclusion that dairy cows appear to be less ‘robust’ than in the past. The current national index, £PLI, combines the predicted transmitting ability (PTA) for production and functional traits, multiplied by their relative economic values, with the overall goal of maximising cow profit. Stott et al. (2005) updated economic weights for £PLI, increasing the relative weight on functional traits, but showed that t

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Miles, Asha M., Christian J. Posbergh, and Heather J. Huson. "Direct Phenotyping and Principal Component Analysis of Type Traits Implicate Novel QTL in Bovine Mastitis through Genome-Wide Association." Animals 11, no. 4 (2021): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11041147.

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Our objectives were to robustly characterize a cohort of Holstein cows for udder and teat type traits and perform high-density genome-wide association studies for those traits within the same group of animals, thereby improving the accuracy of the phenotypic measurements and genomic association study. Additionally, we sought to identify a novel udder and teat trait composite risk index to determine loci with potential pleiotropic effects related to mastitis. This approach was aimed at improving the biological understanding of the genetic factors influencing mastitis. Cows (N = 471) were genoty

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YAMAMOTO, AKIHIKO, ROBERT R. H. ANHOLT, and TRUDY F. C. MACKAY. "Epistatic interactions attenuate mutations affecting startle behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics Research 91, no. 6 (2009): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672309990279.

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SummaryEpistasis is an important feature of the genetic architecture of quantitative traits. Previously, we showed that startle-induced locomotor behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster, a critical survival trait, is highly polygenic and exhibits epistasis. Here, we characterize epistatic interactions among homozygous P-element mutations affecting startle-induced locomotion in the Canton-S isogenic background and in 21 wild-derived inbred genetic backgrounds. We find pervasive epistasis for pairwise combinations of homozygous P-element insertional mutations as well as for mutations in wild-derive

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QIN, ZHAO, STEVEN CRANFORD, THEODOR ACKBAROW, and MARKUS J. BUEHLER. "ROBUSTNESS-STRENGTH PERFORMANCE OF HIERARCHICAL ALPHA-HELICAL PROTEIN FILAMENTS." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 01, no. 01 (2009): 85–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825109000058.

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An abundant trait of biological protein materials are hierarchical nanostructures, ranging through atomistic, molecular to macroscopic scales. By utilizing the recently developed Hierarchical Bell Model, here we show that the use of hierarchical structures leads to an extended physical dimension in the material design space that resolves the conflict between disparate material properties such as strength and robustness, a limitation faced by many synthetic materials. We report materiomics studies in which we combine a large number of alpha-helical elements in all possible hierarchical combinat

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Zhang, Carolyn, Wenchen Song, Helena R. Ma, et al. "Temporal encoding of bacterial identity and traits in growth dynamics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 33 (2020): 20202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008807117.

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In biology, it is often critical to determine the identity of an organism and phenotypic traits of interest. Whole-genome sequencing can be useful for this but has limited power for trait prediction. However, we can take advantage of the inherent information content of phenotypes to bypass these limitations. We demonstrate, in clinical and environmental bacterial isolates, that growth dynamics in standardized conditions can differentiate between genotypes, even among strains from the same species. We find that for pairs of isolates, there is little correlation between genetic distance, accordi

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Formoso-Rafferty, Nora, Katherine Natalia Chavez, Candela Ojeda, Isabel Cervantes, and Juan Pablo Gutiérrez. "Selection Response in a Divergent Selection Experiment for Birth Weight Variability in Mice Compared with a Control Line." Animals 10, no. 6 (2020): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10060920.

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Birth weight (BW) in animal production is an economically important trait in prolific species. The laboratory mouse (Mus musculus) is used as an experimental animal because it is considered a suitable model for prolific species such as rabbits and pigs. Two mouse lines were divergently selected for birth weight variability with a third line of non-selected control population of the same origin as the animals starting the experiment. The objective of this study was, therefore, to compare and evaluate the differential response of each line. The animals were from the 17th generation of both low a

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Yu, Lean, and Yueming Ma. "A Data-Trait-Driven Rolling Decomposition-Ensemble Model for Gasoline Consumption Forecasting." Energies 14, no. 15 (2021): 4604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154604.

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In order to predict the gasoline consumption in China, this paper propose a novel data-trait-driven rolling decomposition-ensemble model. This model consists of five steps: the data trait test, data decomposition, component trait analysis, component prediction and ensemble output. In the data trait test and component trait analysis, the original time series and each decomposed component are thoroughly analyzed to explore hidden data traits. According to these results, decomposition models and prediction models are selected to complete the original time series data decomposition and decomposed

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Berry, D. P., S. McParland, C. Bastin, E. Wall, N. Gengler, and H. Soyeurt. "Phenotyping of robustness and milk quality." Advances in Animal Biosciences 4, no. 3 (2013): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470013000150.

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A phenotype describes the outcome of the interacting development between the genotype of an individual and its specific environment throughout life. Animal breeding currently exploits large data sets of phenotypic and pedigree information to estimate the genetic merit of animals. Here we describe rapid, low-cost phenomic tools for dairy cattle. We give particular emphasis to infrared spectroscopy of milk because the necessary spectral data are already routinely available on milk samples from individual cows and herds, and therefore the operational cost of implementing such a phenotyping strate

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Giske, Jarl, Sigrunn Eliassen, Øyvind Fiksen, et al. "The emotion system promotes diversity and evolvability." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1791 (2014): 20141096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1096.

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Studies on the relationship between the optimal phenotype and its environment have had limited focus on genotype-to-phenotype pathways and their evolutionary consequences. Here, we study how multi-layered trait architecture and its associated constraints prescribe diversity. Using an idealized model of the emotion system in fish, we find that trait architecture yields genetic and phenotypic diversity even in absence of frequency-dependent selection or environmental variation. That is, for a given environment, phenotype frequency distributions are predictable while gene pools are not. The conse

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Wright, Fred A., and Augustine Kong. "Linkage Mapping in Experimental Crosses: The Robustness of Single-Gene Models." Genetics 146, no. 1 (1997): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/146.1.417.

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The robustness of parametric linkage mapping against model misspecification is considered in experimental breeding designs, with a focus on localization of the gene. By examining the expected LOD across the genome, it is shown that single-gene models are quite robust, even for polygenic traits. However, when the marker map is of low resolution, linked polygenes can give rise to an apparent “ghost” gene, mapped to an incorrect interval. The results apply equally well to quantitative traits or qualitative (categorical) traits. The results are derived for backcross populations, with a discussion

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Ottosen, Mathias, Stephen G. Mackenzie, Michael Wallace, and Ilias Kyriazakis. "A method to estimate the environmental impacts from genetic change in pig production systems." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 25, no. 3 (2019): 523–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-019-01686-8.

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Abstract Purpose The environmental impacts (EIs) of the global pig production sector are expected to increase with increasing global pork demand. Although the pig breeding industry has made significant progress over the last decades in reducing its EI, previous work has been unable to differentiate between the improvements made through management improvements from those caused by genetic change. Our study investigates the effect of altering genetic components of individual traits on the EI of pig systems. Methods An LCA model, with a functional unit of 1 kg live weight pig, was built simulatin

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Mirth, Christen K., Timothy E. Saunders, and Christopher Amourda. "Growing Up in a Changing World: Environmental Regulation of Development in Insects." Annual Review of Entomology 66, no. 1 (2021): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-041620-083838.

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All organisms are exposed to changes in their environment throughout their life cycle. When confronted with these changes, they adjust their development and physiology to ensure that they can produce the functional structures necessary for survival and reproduction. While some traits are remarkably invariant, or robust, across environmental conditions, others show high degrees of variation, known as plasticity. Generally, developmental processes that establish cell identity are thought to be robust to environmental perturbation, while those relating to body and organ growth show greater degree

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Huang, Xia, Shunyi Zheng, and Li Gui. "Automatic Measurement of Morphological Traits of Typical Leaf Samples." Sensors 21, no. 6 (2021): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062247.

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It is still a challenging task to automatically measure plants. A novel method for automatic plant measurement based on a hand-held three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner is proposed. The objective of this method is to automatically select typical leaf samples and estimate their morphological traits from different occluded live plants. The method mainly includes data acquisition and processing. Data acquisition is to obtain the high-precision 3D mesh model of the plant that is reconstructed in real-time during data scanning by a hand-held 3D laser scanner (ZGScan 717, made in Zhongguan Automatio

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Veerkamp, R. F., L. Kaal, Y. de Haas, and J. D. Oldham. "Breeding for robust cows that produce healthier milk: RobustMilk." Advances in Animal Biosciences 4, no. 3 (2013): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470013000149.

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For centuries, animal breeders have very effectively been selecting livestock species, making use of the natural variation that exists within the population. As part of the developments towards broader breeding goals, the RobustMilk project was designed to develop new practical technologies to allow breeders to re-focus their selection to include milk quality and dairy cow robustness and to evaluate the consequences of selection for these traits taking cognisance of various milk production systems. Here we introduce the background to robustness, the value of expanding milk quality analysis (in

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Long, Hongan, and Rebecca A. Zufall. "Mutational Robustness of Morphological Traits in the Ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 62, no. 2 (2014): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12174.

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Akpertey, Abraham, Esther Anim-Kwapong, and Atta Ofori. "Genetic Variation among Robusta Coffee Genotypes for Growth and Yield Traits in Ghana." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 4 (2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n4p138.

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Quantifying the level of variation and estimates of genetic parameters are important to make informed decisions regarding the improvement of agronomic traits in Coffea canephora. The objectives of the present study were to assess the growth and yield performance of 54 C. canephora clones derived through ortet selection, based on yield from a previous hybrid trial; estimate genetic parameters of growth traits (stem diameter, height, span, number of laterals, length of laterals and diameter of laterals), and yield; and determine the relationship between yield and the growth traits. The clones we

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Underwood, Greg, Daniel Andrews, and Tin Phung. "Advances in genetic selection and breeder practice improve commercial layer hen welfare." Animal Production Science 61, no. 10 (2021): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20383.

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Modern commercial layer breeds represent the culmination of ~7000 years of natural genetic selection. This selection was driven in former times by a combination of genetic-shift and -drift events, that led to chickens being favoured as domesticated species for meat and egg production. More recently, in the early 20th century, the concept of hybrid vigour was discovered and accelerated the natural breeding progress that delivered new genetic lines and more favourable production traits. In the mid-20th century, the broiler-type and egg layer-type lines diverged and, in the 21st century, genetic

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Villanueva-Almanza, Lorena, Jacob B. Landis, Daniel Koenig, and Exequiel Ezcurra. "Genetic and morphological differentiation in Washingtonia (Arecaceae): solving a century-old palm mystery." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 196, no. 4 (2021): 506–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab009.

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Abstract Washingtonia is a genus of palms currently composed of two species, W. filifera and W. robusta, distributed in the States of Baja California, Baja California Sur, and Sonora in Mexico, and Southern California and Arizona in the United States. The group has been a taxonomic challenge due to a lack of type specimens, incomplete protologues, highly variable vegetative morphology, human dispersal of seeds, limited fieldwork in native populations and poor representation in herbaria. Here, we analyse the population structure and phylogenetic relationships and test whether morphological trai

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Rietveld, Cornelius A., Dalton Conley, Nicholas Eriksson, et al. "Replicability and Robustness of Genome-Wide-Association Studies for Behavioral Traits." Psychological Science 25, no. 11 (2014): 1975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797614545132.

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Kahn, Rachel E., Amy L. Byrd, and Dustin A. Pardini. "Callous-unemotional traits robustly predict future criminal offending in young men." Law and Human Behavior 37, no. 2 (2013): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/b0000003.

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Richardson, Tom G., Rebecca C. Richmond, Teri-Louise North, et al. "An integrative approach to detect epigenetic mechanisms that putatively mediate the influence of lifestyle exposures on disease susceptibility." International Journal of Epidemiology 48, no. 3 (2019): 887–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz119.

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Abstract Background There is mounting evidence that our environment and lifestyle has an impact on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, such as DNA methylation. It has been suggested that these molecular processes may mediate the effect of risk factors on disease susceptibility, although evidence in this regard has been challenging to uncover. Using genetic variants as surrogate variables, we have used two-sample Mendelian randomization (2SMR) to investigate the potential implications of putative changes to DNA methylation levels on disease susceptibility. Methods To illustrate our approach, we i

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Kurashev, Oleg, and Yulia Titova. "Use of grossularia robusta gooseberry species in breeding." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125401013.

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Gooseberry is a valuable small-fruit crop. The All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (Russia) has been carrying out the breeding work on gooseberries since 1993. The article presents usage data of distant hybridization (interspecies crossbreeding) of gooseberry selection with the Grossularia robusta species. This species is characterized as a valuable traits' donor for obtaining hybrids resistant to American mildew and leaf spotting, as well as weak acicularity and compact bush habitus. Since 2001, we have actively involved this species in breeding. As a result, selected seedli

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Justice, Anne E., Geetha Chittoor, Rahul Gondalia, et al. "Methylome-wide association study of central adiposity implicates genes involved in immune and endocrine systems." Epigenomics 12, no. 17 (2020): 1483–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/epi-2019-0276.

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Aim: We conducted a methylome-wide association study to examine associations between DNA methylation in whole blood and central adiposity and body fat distribution, measured as waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio adjusted for body mass index, in 2684 African–American adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Materials & methods: We validated significantly associated cytosine–phosphate–guanine methylation sites (CpGs) among adults using the Women's Health Initiative and Framingham Heart Study participants (combined n = 5743) and generalized assoc

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Schulz, Dietmar, Marcus Linde, and Thomas Debener. "Detection of Reproducible Major Effect QTL for Petal Traits in Garden Roses." Plants 10, no. 5 (2021): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10050897.

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The detection of QTL by association genetics depends on the genetic architecture of the trait under study, the size and structure of the investigated population and the availability of phenotypic and marker data of sufficient quality and quantity. In roses, we previously demonstrated that major QTL could already be detected in small association panels. In this study, we analyzed petal number, petal size and fragrance in a small panel of 95 mostly tetraploid garden rose genotypes. After genotyping the panel with the 68 K Axiom WagRhSNP chip we detected major QTL for all three traits. Each trait

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Wei, Peng, Ying Cao, Yiwei Zhang, et al. "On Robust Association Testing for Quantitative Traits and Rare Variants." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 6, no. 12 (2016): 3941–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.116.035485.

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Abstract With the advance of sequencing technologies, it has become a routine practice to test for association between a quantitative trait and a set of rare variants (RVs). While a number of RV association tests have been proposed, there is a dearth of studies on the robustness of RV association testing for nonnormal distributed traits, e.g., due to skewness, which is ubiquitous in cohort studies. By extensive simulations, we demonstrate that commonly used RV tests, including sequence kernel association test (SKAT) and optimal unified SKAT (SKAT-O), are not robust to heavy-tailed or right-ske

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Newton, Adrian C., Tracy A. Valentine, Blair M. McKenzie, Timothy S. George, David C. Guy, and Christine A. Hackett. "Identifying Spring Barley Cultivars with Differential Response to Tillage." Agronomy 10, no. 5 (2020): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050686.

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Cultivars and some cultivar mixtures of spring barley were grown under inversion and non-inversion tillage conditions for three or four years and assessed for disease and yield in order to obtain genotypes that can be used to determine the mechanisms of cultivation adaptation. In general, the higher-yielding cultivars under inversion tillage conditions gave lower yields under non-inversion tillage, whereas low-yielding older cultivars showed relatively smaller reductions in yield under non-inversion tillage. A few cultivars showed preferential yield performance for either inversion or non-inve

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Johnson, Matthew E., Jonathan Schug, Andrew D. Wells, Klaus H. Kaestner, and Struan F. A. Grant. "Genome-Wide Analyses of ChIP-Seq Derived FOXA2 DNA Occupancy in Liver Points to Genetic Networks Underpinning Multiple Complex Traits." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 99, no. 8 (2014): E1580—E1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-4503.

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Background: Forkhead Box A2 (FOXA2) exerts an influence on glucose homeostasis via activity in the liver. In addition, a key genome-wide association study (GWAS) recently demonstrated that genetic variation, namely rs6048205, at the FOXA2 locus is robustly associated with fasting glucose levels. Our hypothesis was that this DNA-binding protein regulates the expression of a set of molecular pathways critical to endocrine traits. Methods: Drawing on our laboratory and bioinformatic experience with chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by massively parallel sequencing, we analyzed our existing F

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Chen, Wei-Min, Karl W. Broman, and Kung-Yee Liang. "Power and robustness of linkage tests for quantitative traits in general pedigrees." Genetic Epidemiology 28, no. 1 (2004): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gepi.20034.

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Sharmi, Pragga Saha, Md Abul Kashem, Md Habibur Rahman, and Mohammad Zabed Hossain. "Leaf traits of sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) populations selected from different regions of Bangladesh." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 30, no. 2 (2021): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i2.54656.

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This study investigated the variation in leaf traits of Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) by collecting leaf samples from the natural populations of Sal distributed in Madhupur National Park, Cumilla and Dinajpur areas of Bangladesh. Soil samples were collected at 0 - 10 cm depth near the base of the tree trunk of the respective plants selected for the collection of leaf samples. Soils were analyzed for moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, available N, total P, and organic C contents. Data showed a range of variation in the responses of leaf traits of the three populations. However, none

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Yeakel, Justin D., Jean P. Gibert, Thilo Gross, Peter A. H. Westley, and Jonathan W. Moore. "Eco-evolutionary dynamics, density-dependent dispersal and collective behaviour: implications for salmon metapopulation robustness." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1746 (2018): 20170018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0018.

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The spatial dispersal of individuals plays an important role in the dynamics of populations, and is central to metapopulation theory. Dispersal provides connections within metapopulations, promoting demographic and evolutionary rescue, but may also introduce maladapted individuals, potentially lowering the fitness of recipient populations through introgression of heritable traits. To explore this dual nature of dispersal, we modify a well-established eco-evolutionary model of two locally adapted populations and their associated mean trait values, to examine recruiting salmon populations that a

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Rai, Satish Kumar, Ravindra P. Shukla, and Sanjay Kumar Pandey. "The morphological traits variation and inter relationships of understorey species of Sal (Shorea robusta) forest of north-eastern Uttar Pradesh, India." Annals of Plant Sciences 7, no. 4 (2018): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.4.18.

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Measurements of plant traits are required for evaluating community structure and its ecological responses to varying environmental conditions. The grouping on the basis of functional traits of plants has strong predictive power of important ecosystem responses to environmental perturbation. The morphological traits and their interrelationship among associated species have been analyzed to understand the quantitative variation within regional sal dominated forests. Data for five morphometric traits viz., plant height, leaf length, leaf width, flower size and fruit size, were observed for 193 wo

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Akpertey, A., E. Anim-Kwapong, and A. Ofori. "Early selection for yield in robusta coffee based on juvenile growth traits." African Crop Science Journal 27, no. 4 (2019): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v27i4.3.

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Flores‐Moreno, Habacuc, Farideh Fazayeli, Arindam Banerjee, et al. "Robustness of trait connections across environmental gradients and growth forms." Global Ecology and Biogeography 28, no. 12 (2019): 1806–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12996.

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Dutta, Nabamita, and Deepraj Mukherjee. "Cultural traits and stock market development: an empirical analysis." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 4, no. 1 (2015): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-01-2013-0003.

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Purpose – During recent times, the stock market has emerged as a major financial institution of an economy. Yet, cross-country differences, in size and role of stock market, persist. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the correlation between cultural traits and the development of the stock market in a country. Considering multiple dimensions of culture, identified in the literature by Hofstede (1980/2001) and World Value Survey, the authors construct the hypotheses: trust, a key cultural trait, should positively influence stock market development; uncertainty avoidance, Hofstede’s cul

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Belaústegui, Zain, Fernando Muñiz, James H. Nebelsick, Rosa Domènech, and Jordi Martinell. "Echinoderm ichnology: bioturbation, bioerosion and related processes." Journal of Paleontology 91, no. 4 (2017): 643–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.146.

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AbstractAmong invertebrates and both in modern and ancient marine environments, certain echinoderms have been and are some of the most active and widespread bioturbators and bioeroders. Bioturbation and/or bioerosion of regular and irregular echinoids, starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers and crinoids are known from modern settings, and some of the resulting traces have their counterparts in the fossil record. By contrast, surficial trails or trackways produced by other modern echinoderms, e.g., sand dollars, exhibit a lower preservation rate and have not yet been identified in the fossil re

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