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Journal articles on the topic 'Trajectory explanation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 May 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Friedman, Scott, and Kenneth Forbus. "An Integrated Systems Approach to Explanation-Based Conceptual Change." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 1 (2010): 1523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7572.

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Understanding conceptual change is an important problem in modeling human cognition and in making integrated AI systems that can learn autonomously. This paper describes a model of explanation-based conceptual change, integrating sketch understanding, analogical processing, qualitative models, truth-maintenance, and heuristic-based reasoning within the Companions cognitive architecture. Sketch understanding is used to automatically encode stimuli in the form of comic strips. Qualitative models and conceptual quantities are constructed for new phenomena via analogical reasoning and heuristics.

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Zha, Yantian, Lin Guan, and Subbarao Kambhampati. "Learning from Ambiguous Demonstrations with Self-Explanation Guided Reinforcement Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 9 (2024): 10395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i9.28907.

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Our work aims at efficiently leveraging ambiguous demonstrations for the training of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent. An ambiguous demonstration can usually be interpreted in multiple ways, which severely hinders the RL agent from learning stably and efficiently. Since an optimal demonstration may also suffer from being ambiguous, previous works that combine RL and learning from demonstration (RLfD works) may not work well. Inspired by how humans handle such situations, we propose to use self-explanation (an agent generates explanations for itself) to recognize valuable high-level relation

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Chen, Tse-hsin. "The trend and factors of public trust in the military in Taiwan." Japanese Journal of Political Science 25, no. 3 (2024): 162–87. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1468109924000070.

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AbstractPolitical trust, which signifies the belief in the responsible exercise of power by political institutions, is a fundamental prerequisite for democratic legitimacy. However, even amidst a democratic deficit, the public's trust in the military can remain firm. This study aims to illuminate the prevailing trend and potential factors influencing public trust in the military in Taiwan from 2001 to 2022. The trajectory of trust in Taiwan's military implies fluctuating trust levels in response to the varying intensity of external threats. However, in general, confidence in the armed forces r

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Nadler, Lawrence B., Jeffrey L. Courtright, and Marjorie Keeshan Nadler. "Why Do People Give Money to Televangelists? A Relational Development Explanation." Journal of Communication and Religion 19, no. 2 (1996): 47–58. https://doi.org/10.5840/jcr19961924.

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This paper includes a theoretical model regarding how televangelists utilize mass media to cultivate pseudo-interpersonal relationships with viewers to raise funds for their ministries. This model, based on an intimacy trajectory and focused on the motives and communication behaviors of televangelists in fostering such relational definitions, is then tested through empirical research. The study's results, which largely support the relational framework, are discussed. Conclusions and implications of the research are considered and directions for future research are provided.

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González, Paul Medina. "Anthropometric, functional and foot trajectory determinants of stride length in self-reliant community-dwelling elderly persons in Talca, Chile." Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 19, no. 3 (2016): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-98232016019.150049.

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Abstract Objective: To analyze anthropometric, muscle performance and foot trajectory determinants of stride length (SL) during walking at a comfortable pace among self-reliant community-dwelling elderly persons in Talca, Chile. Method: A total of 63 self-reliant elderly persons participated in this observational and cross-sectional study. They were characterized by the anthropometric measures of mass, height and body mass index. Dorsiflexor muscle strength performance (DF-MS) and rate of force development were quantified. Finally, the elderly persons were asked to walk comfortably around a 40

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Bi, Xin, Chao Zhang, Fangtong Wang, et al. "An Uncertainty-based Neural Network for Explainable Trajectory Segmentation." ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology 13, no. 1 (2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3467978.

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As a variant task of time-series segmentation, trajectory segmentation is a key task in the applications of transportation pattern recognition and traffic analysis. However, segmenting trajectory is faced with challenges of implicit patterns and sparse results. Although deep neural networks have tremendous advantages in terms of high-level feature learning performance, deploying as a blackbox seriously limits the real-world applications. Providing explainable segmentations has significance for result evaluation and decision making. Thus, in this article, we address trajectory segmentation by p

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Harris, Kevan. "The Breakaway Boss: Semiperipheral Innovations and the Rise of Mahmoud Ahmadinezhad." Journal of World-Systems Research 21, no. 2 (2015): 417–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2015.13.

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Within a year of becoming president of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinezhad had already confused much of the world. Explanations of his political ascent in a semi-peripheral country rely largely on the concept of charismatic authority. This is a non-explanation, however, as the charismatic historical figure who seemingly holds creative command over the social world also has to be created. Instead, I argue that Ahmadinezhad’s trajectory from an Islamist engineering student to the presidency of a post-revolutionary state highlights three mechanisms of social-political innovation th

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Saleh, Gh, M. J. Faraji, R. Alizadeh, and A. Dalili. "A New Explanation for the Color Variety of Photons." MATEC Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818601003.

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This new explanation is based on Wave-Particle Duality and Newtonian Laws and represents a unique definition of a three-dimensional motion for the photon, whose dual behavior is partly explained by the double-slit experiment of Thomas Young, who represents the photon's motion as a wave, and by the Photoelectric effect, in which the photon is considered as a particle. However, for scientists, the photon's true motion is unclear. In this article, we define a new type of motion for photons to solve both this ambiguity and the difficulty of presenting a three-dimensional trajectory for the photon'

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Evans, E. Margaret, and Henry M. Wellman. "A case of stunted development? Existential reasoning is contingent on a developing theory of mind." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29, no. 5 (2006): 471–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x06319103.

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Missing from Bering's account of the evolutionary origins of existential reasoning is an explicit developmental framework, one that takes into account community input. If Bering's selectionist explanation was on target then one might predict a unique and relatively robust developmental trajectory, regardless of input. Evidence suggests instead that children's existential reasoning is contingent on their developing theory of mind.

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Liu, Wei, and Lanying Liu. "Explanation of the Evolution of Governor Vessel Moxibustion and Its New Instrument Design." Journal of Contemporary Medical Practice 7, no. 5 (2025): 88–93. https://doi.org/10.53469/jcmp.2025.07(05).17.

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Governor Vessel moxibustion, as a traditional external therapy, has obtained extensive clinical application and promotion in recent years. Through systematic collation of relevant literature, this paper conducts comprehensive analysis and elucidation regarding the theoretical foundations, historical origins, evolutionary trajectory, and characteristics of different schools of Governor Vessel moxibustion. Addressing existing limitations in current practices, we propose a novel Governor Vessel moxibustion device design aiming to facilitate operational standardization and protocolization, thereby

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Gordon, Colin. "Why No National Health Insurance in the U.S.? The Limits of Social Provision in War and Peace, 1941–1948." Journal of Policy History 9, no. 3 (1997): 277–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600006035.

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Why, alone among its democratic capitalist peers, does the U.S. not have national health insurance? This question has invited a range of replies; some focusing on specific historical episodes, some invoking grand political or cultural or economic explanations for the peculiar trajectory American social policy. For the most part, the historical accounts have trouble climbing from narrative to explanation; little of the scholarship on the failure of health reform in 1920 or 1935 or 1948 or 1970 or 1994 makes any substantial contribution to our larger understanding of the American welfare state a

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Ding, Yan Yu, Qing Jian Liu, Tai Yong Wang, Jing Chuan Dong, and Bo Li. "Research on Algorithm of Trajectory Connecting with Straight Line in Motion Control of CNC." Key Engineering Materials 584 (September 2013): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.584.171.

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In view of the current trajectories connecting with straight line, the methods of transfer and error analysis are elaborated in detail. To the errors caused by current trajectories connecting with straight line, analysis of the relationship between transfer error and interpolation surplus coupled with the angle is explained. And the explanation is according to the different angles between velocity vectors.

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PANAH, MARYAM H. "Social revolution: the elusive emergence of an agenda in International Relations." Review of International Studies 28, no. 2 (2002): 271–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210502002711.

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This article addresses the inadequate analysis of modern social revolutions within orthodox International Relations due both to the historical context and the trajectory of the discipline. A critical review of the literature that has more recently come to acknowledge the relevance of revolutions and revolutionary states to IR reveals a number of enduring shortcomings. The present article suggests an alternative framework for the study of revolutions by conceiving them as rooted in the dynamics of the globally dominant socio-economic system, capitalism. It is argued that the uneven global expan

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Bhatia, Anjali. "Nine Decades of Nirula’s Nation, City, Class." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XI, no. X (2024): 960–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.1110073.

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The public restaurant is an important site for exploring a national society’s tryst with modernity. In the nine decades of its run in Delhi, the national capital of India, the trajectory of Nirula’s is inter-woven with the subcontinent’s history and political economy; it bears the imprint of a developmental state and society. Its expansion and diversification into types of eating establishments, reflect the social character of the city, and the changing profiles of consumers in post-independence India. This article analyzes the historical trajectory of Nirula’s, an iconic food company founded

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Pieper, Carl, Jane Pendergast, and Megan Neely. "Latent Class Trajectory and Growth Mixture Models in the Study of Physical Resilience." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 828–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3030.

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Abstract After a stressor, individuals may experience different trajectories of function and recovery. One potential explanation for this variation is differing trajectories may be indicators of differing classes or levels of resilience to the stressor. Latent Class Trajectory (LCTA) and Growth Mixture models (GMM) are two similar approaches used to discover the number and types of trajectories in a study population. Class membership may determine the shape and level of recovery, which may be predicted by individual characteristics. In this talk, we present some insights to using these models

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Eiter, Thomas, Esra Erdem, Wolfgang Faber, and Ján Senko. "A Logic-Based Approach to Finding Explanations for Discrepancies in Optimistic Plan Execution." Fundamenta Informaticae 79, no. 1-2 (2007): 25–69. https://doi.org/10.3233/fun-2007-791-204.

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Consider an agent executing a plan with nondeterministic actions, in a dynamic environment, which might fail. Suppose that she is given a description of this action domain, including specifications of effects of actions, and a set of trajectories for the execution of this plan, where each trajectory specifies a possible execution of the plan in this domain. After executing some part of the plan, suppose that she obtains information about the current state of the world, and notices that she is not at a correct state relative to the given trajectories. How can she find an explanation (a point of

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Stefanowitsch, Anatol. "The goal bias revisited: A collostructional approach." Yearbook of the German Cognitive Linguistics Association 6, no. 1 (2018): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gcla-2018-0007.

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Abstract There is a goal bias in the description of motion events: adverbials specifying goals are preferred over adverbials specifying source. Two broad explanations have been suggested to account for this: first, a general cognitive bias towards the aims of human actions, and second, the higher information value of goal adverbials in conceptualizing a motion event in its entirety. The second explanation predicts that the goal bias should be verb-specific. In particular, verbs whose lexical semantics focus on trajectories or sources of motion events (such as stroll and escape respectively), s

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Kohler, Timothy A., and Lynne Sebastian. "Population Aggregation in the Prehistoric North American Southwest." American Antiquity 61, no. 3 (1996): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281844.

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We attempt to clarify the role of demographic factors (size, density, history, and trajectory) in aggregation in the ancestral Puebloan Southwest, which we found obscure in Leonard and Reed (1993). In addition, we question one of the case studies from Chaco Canyon that they used to support their model, and we suggest that data from the Mesa Verde region between A.D. 700 and 1300 argue against the generality of their explanation for aggregation.

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SONENSCHER, MICHAEL. "JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU AND THE FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT." Modern Intellectual History 14, no. 2 (2015): 311–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244315000104.

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This essay is about the relationship between the moral and political thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the related concepts of autonomy, social science and industrialism. Its aim is to show why these three concepts throw more light both on Rousseau's theory of the relationship between democratic sovereignty and representative government, and on his explanation of the sharply counterintuitive historical trajectory followed by democracy in its passage from ancient to modern times.

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Rørbæk, Lasse Lykke. "Islamic Culture, Oil, and Women's Rights Revisited." Politics and Religion 9, no. 1 (2016): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755048315000814.

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AbstractAccording to recent research, oil abundance is the principal explanation for women's poor human rights record in many Muslim societies. However, this study argues that resistance to gender equality in the Muslim world originates in its specific historical trajectory and that the critical juncture precedes the extraction of oil by a thousand years. The study assesses data on women's economic, social, and political rights in 166 countries from 1999–2008 and shows that whereas the negative effect of oil is driven by the 11 members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries,

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Fernald, John, Robert Inklaar, and Dimitrije Ruzic. "The Productivity Slowdown in Advanced Economies: Common Shocks or Common Trends?" Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Working Paper Series 2023, no. 07 (2023): 01–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24148/wp2023-07.

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This paper reviews advanced-economy productivity developments in recent decades. We focus primarily on the facts about, and explanations for, the mid-2000s labor-productivity slowdown in large European countries and the United States. Slower total factor productivity growth was the proximate cause of the slowdown. This conclusion is robust to measurement challenges including the role of intangible assets, rankings of productivity levels, and data revisions. We contrast two main narratives for the stagnating productivity frontier: The shock of the Global Financial Crisis; and a common slowdown

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SAKURABA, Hisayoshi, Rieko OSU, Eri NAKANO, Yasuhiro WADA, and Mitsuo KAWATO. "An Explanation for the Predection of a Hand Trajectory Generated by an Imperfect Internal Model Representation." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 36, no. 7 (2000): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.36.599.

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MORITA, SUSUMU. "TRAJECTORY GENERATION BETWEEN TWO ARBITRARY STATES BASED ON HAMILTON'S PRINCIPLE A VARIABLE SUBSTITUTION METHOD." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 09, no. 03 (2012): 1250023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843612500235.

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Motion principles of animals and humans has been a field of interest for over half a century. As for human motions, the study by modern science started off by a Soviet physiologist in the 1930's, followed by many proposals of models and principles to explain how human beings move. This paper introduces an alternative motion principle with a motion generation method. The subject in discussion is the Hamilton's principle which yields equation of free motion. The motion generation method is derived based on a novel variable substitution to be applied to the Hamilton's principle which then yields

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Anievas, Alexander, and Kerem Nişancioğlu. "How Did the West Usurp the Rest? Origins of the Great Divergence over theLongue Durée." Comparative Studies in Society and History 59, no. 1 (2017): 34–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417516000608.

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AbstractTraditional explanations of the “rise of the West” have located the sources of Western supremacy in structural or long-term developmental factors internal to Europe. By contrast, revisionist accounts have emphasized the conjunctural and contingent aspects of Europe's ascendancy, while highlighting intersocietal conditions that shaped this trajectory to global dominance. While sharing the revisionist focus on the non-Western sources of European development, we challenge their conjunctural explanation, which denies differences between “West” and “East” and within Europe. We do so by depl

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Carbajal, Fausto. "The Political Trajectory of Urban Violence: Organized Crime in Michoacán’s Apatzingán." Journal of Strategic Security 16, no. 3 (2023): 154–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.16.3.2137.

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Contrary to the “narco-centric” explanation of homicidal violence in Mexico, this article proposes “the political trajectory of urban violence” (PTUV) as an additional analytical category to nuance the developmental process of today´s large-scale violence in Mexican urban enclaves. Building on previous research, this article argues that organized crime-related violence in Mexican cities today has unveiled –and exacerbated– intricate power tensions among private actors –both illegal and, perhaps more importantly, legal ones– which need to be explored by considering the historical evolution of t

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Dombrowski, Marco, Maik Engeholm, Christian Dienemann, Svetlana Dodonova, and Patrick Cramer. "Histone H1 binding to nucleosome arrays depends on linker DNA length and trajectory." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 29, no. 5 (2022): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41594-022-00768-w.

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AbstractThroughout the genome, nucleosomes often form regular arrays that differ in nucleosome repeat length (NRL), occupancy of linker histone H1 and transcriptional activity. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of human H1-containing tetranucleosome arrays with four physiologically relevant NRLs. The structures show a zig-zag arrangement of nucleosomes, with nucleosomes 1 and 3 forming a stack. H1 binding to stacked nucleosomes depends on the NRL, whereas H1 always binds to the non-stacked nucleosomes 2 and 4. Short NRLs lead to altered trajectories of linker DNA, and these altered trajectori

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Otten, E. "Multi-Joint Dynamics and the Development of Movement Control." Neural Plasticity 12, no. 2-3 (2005): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.2005.89.

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The movement control of articulated limbs in humans has been explained in terms of equilibrium points and moving equilibrium points or virtual trajectories. One hypothesis is that the nervous system controls multi-segment limbs by simply planning in terms of these equilibrium points and trajectories. The present paper describes a planar computer simulation of an articulated three-segment limb, controlled by pairs of muscles. The shape of the virtual trajectory is analyzed when the limb is required to make fast movements with endpoint movements along a straight line with bell-shaped velocity pr

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Miyao, Manabu. "Coevolution of a premium segment and product innovation: a case study of the Japanese rice cooker market." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 33, no. 8 (2021): 1709–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-07-2020-0536.

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PurposeThis study aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of the linkage between premium segments and product innovation. While previous literature confirms that product innovation triggers premium segment emergence, and vice versa, there is no satisfactory explanation regarding the underlying mechanisms that drive the mutual shaping of premium segments and product innovation. This paper attempts to address this gap in literature.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a cognitive model of technology trajectories and empirically examines the Japanese rice cooker market using a mixed-

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Karami, Hamid, and S. V. Mousavi. "Time-dependent potential barriers and superarrivals." Canadian Journal of Physics 93, no. 4 (2015): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2014-0311.

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Scattering of a Gaussian wavepacket from rectangular potential barriers with increasing widths or heights is studied numerically. It is seen that during a certain time interval the time-evolving transmission probability increases compared to the corresponding unperturbed cases. In the literature this effect is known as superarrival in transmission probability. We present a trajectory-based explanation for this effect by using the concept of quantum potential energy and computing a selection of Bohmian trajectories. Relevant parameters in superarrivals are determined for the case that the barri

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Wang, Xing, Hong Yi, Jia Xu, Chuanyi Xu, and Lifei Song. "PID Controller Based on Improved DDPG for Trajectory Tracking Control of USV." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 10 (2024): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12101771.

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When navigating dynamic ocean environments characterized by significant wave and wind disturbances, USVs encounter time-varying external interferences and underactuated limitations. This results in reduced navigational stability and increased difficulty in trajectory tracking. Controllers based on deterministic models or non-adaptive control parameters often fail to achieve the desired performance. To enhance the adaptability of USV motion controllers, this paper proposes a trajectory tracking control algorithm that calculates PID control parameters using an improved Deep Deterministic Policy

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VLCEK, WILLIAM. "Crafting human rights in a constitution: Gay rights in the Cayman Islands and the limits to global norm diffusion." Global Constitutionalism 2, no. 3 (2013): 345–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045381713000142.

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AbstractThis paper considers the introduction of a bill of rights to a territory’s constitution as an example of the transnational transfer of norms. Using the case of the Cayman Islands Constitution promulgated in 2009 this analysis looks specifically at the creation of its bill of rights in light of local debate following the legalisation of homosexuality forced by the United Kingdom in 2000. The unique constitutional structure framing the political relationship between the United Kingdom and its Overseas Territories is outlined as explanation for the nature of the Cayman constitution, as we

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Konstantinov, A. V., S. R. Kirpichenko, and L. V. Utkin. "Generating Survival Interpretable Trajectories and Data." Doklady Mathematics 110, S1 (2024): S75—S86. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064562424601999.

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Abstract A new model for generating survival trajectories and data based on applying an autoencoder of a specific structure is proposed. It solves three tasks. First, it provides predictions in the form of the expected event time and the survival function for a new feature vector based on the Beran estimator. Second, the model generates additional data based on a given training set that would supplement the original dataset. Third, the most important, it generates a prototype time-dependent trajectory for an object, which characterizes how features of the object could be changed to achieve a d

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Горобей, Н. Н., А. С. Лукьяненко та А. В. Гольцев. "Термомеханика и статистическая механика адиабатически изолированного тела". Физика твердого тела 64, № 11 (2022): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2022.11.53339.398.

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A statistical distribution for an adiabatically isolated body is proposed and its temperature is defined as a function of a given energy. It is obtained as a result of the generalization of the statistical distribution for an ensemble of oscillators, in which the probability is proportional to the time of motion on each small section of the oscillator trajectory in the phase space. This distribution makes it possible to explain the thermoelastic effect - the dependence of the body temperature on the deformation under its adiabatic mechanical loading. The proposed explanation is in clear agreem

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Smith, Stephen H. "Christic Visions and the Resurrection Appearances of Jesus." Religion and Theology 28, no. 1-2 (2021): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15743012-bja10022.

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Abstract Recently, scholars have shown an increasing interest in comparing the resurrection appearances of Jesus with contemporary accounts of Christic visions, the aim being to show a line of formal continuity between them. Phillip Wiebe avers that neither Jesus’s resurrection appearances nor these contemporary events are explicable on a scientific basis alone, and require a mysterious X-factor in order to justify them fully. I argue that the physicalist stance taken in the later Gospel narratives does not belong to this trajectory, and that the visionary import of the earlier accounts, with

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Hvidt, Martin. "THE DUBAI MODEL: AN OUTLINE OF KEY DEVELOPMENT-PROCESS ELEMENTS IN DUBAI." International Journal of Middle East Studies 41, no. 3 (2009): 397–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743809091120.

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The developmental process as it unfolds in Dubai has hardly been analyzed by academics. Most current knowledge about the country originates from media coverage, especially from news magazines and business literature. Recently a number of social science based but historically oriented academic publications have appeared. Only one study, however, has seriously sought to place Dubai in a broader developmental framework: Sampler and Eigner'sFrom Sand to Silicon, published in 2003. Yet, by applying the so-called strategic trajectory model to the case of Dubai, they reduce their focus to the managem

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Vaidman, Lev, and Izumi Tsutsui. "When Photons Are Lying about Where They Have Been." Entropy 20, no. 7 (2018): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20070538.

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The history of photons in a nested Mach–Zehnder interferometer with an inserted Dove prism is analyzed. It is argued that the Dove prism does not change the past of the photon. Alonso and Jordan correctly point out that an experiment by Danan et al. demonstrating the past of the photon in a nested interferometer will show different results when the Dove prism is inserted. The reason, however, is not that the past is changed, but that the experimental demonstration becomes incorrect. The explanation of a signal from the place in which the photon was (almost) not present is given. Bohmian trajec

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Gorobey N. N., Lukyanenko A. S., and Goltsev A. V. "Thermomechanics and statistical mechanics of an adiabatically isolated body." Physics of the Solid State 64, no. 11 (2022): 1773. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pss.2022.11.54206.398.

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A statistical distribution for an adiabatically isolated body is proposed and its temperature is defined as a function of a given energy. It is obtained as a result of the generalization of the statistical distribution for an ensemble of oscillators, in which the probability is proportional to the time of motion on each small section of the oscillator trajectory in the phase space. This distribution makes it possible to explain the thermoelastic effect --- the dependence of the body temperature on the deformation under its adiabatic mechanical loading. The proposed explanation is in clear agre

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Arana Araya, Ignacio. "What Drives Evo’s Attempts to Remain in Power? A Psychological Explanation." Bolivian Studies Journal/Revista de Estudios Bolivianos 22 (March 27, 2017): 191–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2016.167.

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The current Bolivian President, Evo Morales, has managed to govern longer than all of his predecessors thanks to his three successful attempts to relax his term limits. In this article I argue that the high risk-taking personality of Morales, especially his social risk-taking, helps to explain why he has consistently tried to extend his time in office. To address this proposition I follow a twofold strategy. First, I show the results of a survey conducted among experts in presidents of the Americas. This survey measured different personality traits of the leaders that governed between 1945 and

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Koganov, A. V. "A MODEL OF PHYSICAL SPACE-TIME AS A TRAJECTORY OF A RANDOM PROCESS IN EXTERNAL PARAMETRIC TIME." Metafizika, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2224-7580-2020-2-50-61.

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A model of physical space-time in the form of a trace from a random walk on the support of some finitely generated algebra is considered. The generating set of elements is considered as a set of initial events of the physical world, and all points generated by wandering are interpreted as their consequences. The special properties of such a model allow us to obtain interesting conclusions about the possible causes of the pseudo-Euclidean metric of our world and its 3 + 1 dimension. Such effects as the expansion of the Universe with low acceleration, gravitational deformation of the metric and

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Watamaniuk, Scott N. J. "Visible Persistence is Reduced by Fixed-Trajectory Motion but Not by Random Motion." Perception 21, no. 6 (1992): 791–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p210791.

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Despite the sluggish temporal response of the human visual system, moving objects appear clear and without blur, which suggests that visible persistence is reduced when objects move. It has been argued that spatiotemporal proximity alone can account for this modulation of visible persistence and that activation of a motion mechanism per se is not necessary. Experiments are reported which demonstrate that there is a motion-specific influence on visible persistence. Specifically, points moving in constant directions, or fixed trajectories, show less persistence than points moving with the same s

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Gillespie, Raymond. "Refraining the Reformation." Irish Historical Studies 36, no. 144 (2009): 598–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400005903.

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The Reformation in Ireland has never lacked chroniclers, defenders and detractors. The reason for this is not hard to discern. The older literature that grappled with the processes of religious change in sixteenth and seventeenth-century Ireland was based on a number of well-recognised and widely agreed propositions. The first of these was that confessional and political positions were inextricably linked, and the fate of one served not only as a proxy for the other but as an explanation for the trajectory of change; thus, to explain the failure of the reform process to strike deep roots in si

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Grove, Philip M., Caitlin Robertson, and Laurence R. Harris. "Disambiguating the Stream/Bounce Illusion With Inference." Multisensory Research 29, no. 4-5 (2016): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002524.

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The ‘stream/bounce’ illusion refers to the perception of an ambiguous visual display in which two discs approach each other on a collision course. The display can be seen as two discs streaming through each other or bouncing off each other. Which perception dominates, may be influenced by a brief transient, usually a sound, presented around the time of simulated contact. Several theories have been proposed to account for the switching in dominance based on sensory processing, attention and cognitive inference, but a universally applicable, parsimonious explanation has not emerged. We hypothesi

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Guieysse, David, Christophe Salagnad, Pierre Monsan, Magali Remaud-Simeon, and Vinh Tran. "Towards a novel explanation of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase enantioselectivity via molecular modelling of the enantiomer trajectory into the active site." Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 14, no. 13 (2003): 1807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0957-4166(03)00374-4.

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Wang, Ruilong, Ming Wang, Yiyang Zhang, Qianchuan Zhao, Xuehan Zheng, and He Gao. "Trajectory Tracking and Obstacle Avoidance of Robotic Fish Based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control." Biomimetics 8, no. 7 (2023): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8070529.

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The attainment of accurate motion control for robotic fish inside intricate underwater environments continues to be a substantial obstacle within the realm of underwater robotics. This paper presents a proposed algorithm for trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance planning in robotic fish, utilizing nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). This methodology facilitates the implementation of optimization-based control in real-time, utilizing the present state and environmental data to effectively regulate the movements of the robotic fish with a high degree of agility. To begin with, a dyna

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Zhu, Zhihao, Yuan Meng, and Rongjun Cheng. "Container Truck High-Risk Events Prediction and Its Influencing Factors Analyses Based on Trajectory Data." Systems 13, no. 5 (2025): 326. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13050326.

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With the prosperity of the economy and the continuous expansion of the port area, container trucks have become the main means of transportation on port roads. Traditional traffic flow research mainly focuses on passenger cars. In view of the unique characteristics of container truck traffic flow and the lack of research on conflict-influencing factors for this traffic flow, this paper is committed to filling this research gap. This paper uses drones and YOLOv8 technology to construct a vehicle trajectory dataset in the container truck traffic flow scenario and extracts relevant features of con

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Qarayev, S. ""ORBITS"AND THEORIES OF UNIVERSAL EXISTENCE." Scientific heritage, no. 118 (August 7, 2023): 53–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8218574.

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Unlike traditional view about the origin of the universe and the matter there are putting forward and substantiated new ideas in Orbits and universal existence theories. Features such as orbits being first, collecting highspeed energy to synthesize matter are based on the basis of this theory. It means that, earth, Jupiter and others did not create "orbits" with trajectory around the sun. Instead, orbits existed before and by collecting high-speed energy and hv photon of light formed earth, Jupiter etc. As well, explanation of complex relationship, cause and effect mechanisms between

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M.M., Kasumov. "Discharge with a Hollow Electrode is a New Type of ARC Discharge for Fullerene Receipt and Qualities of the Synthesis Process." Chemistry Research Journal 2, no. 6 (2017): 189–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13941957.

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In order to increase a size of fullerene output was made a set on basis of unusual physical principle function. Arc discharge was ignited in a hollow electrode with a pointed work gas and plasma stream. Under these conditions was reaccepted the product without amorphous component and the heavy fullerene yield was increased. An explanation of the result was based on the growth duration of fullerene formation in space with high temperature and plasma density and increased the way forming. An analysis showed that a fullerene trajectory forming was about more then one rotate ring or helix. However

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Aksom, Herman, and Inna Tymchenko. "How institutional theories explain and fail to explain organizations." Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, no. 7 (2020): 1223–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-05-2019-0130.

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PurposeThis essay raises a concern about the trajectory that new institutionalism has been following during the last decades, namely an emphasis on heterogeneity, change and agentic behavior instead of isomorphism and conformist behavior. This is a crucial issue from the perspective of the philosophy and methodology of science since a theory that admits both change and stability as a norm has less scientific weight then a theory that predicts a prevalence of passivity and isomorphism over change and strategic behavior. The former provides explanations and predictions while the latter does not.

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Morgan, Ian L., and Omar A. Saleh. "Tweezepy: A Python package for calibrating forces in single-molecule video-tracking experiments." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (2021): e0262028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262028.

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Single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) instruments (e.g., magnetic and optical tweezers) often use video tracking to measure the three-dimensional position of micron-scale beads under an applied force. The force in these experiments is calibrated by comparing the bead trajectory to a thermal motion-based model with the drag coefficient, γ, and trap spring constant, κ, as parameters. Estimating accurate parameters is complicated by systematic biases from spectral distortions, the camera exposure time, parasitic noise, and least-squares fitting methods. However, while robust calibration metho

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Roi, Ezra la. "Interlocked life cycles of counterfactual mood forms from Archaic to Classical Greek." Indogermanische Forschungen 127, no. 1 (2022): 235–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/if-2022-0012.

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Abstract Based on a corpus study of 2074 occurrences in Archaic (424) and Classical (1650) Greek, I offer a unified explanation for the temporal reference extensions of counterfactual mood forms in declarative, interrogative, wish and de-activated illocutions (i.e. subordinate clauses). I propose a diachronic trajectory (life cycle) for counterfactual mood forms from past to present and future reference. Extensions are constrained diachronically by grammatical aspect (e.g. imperfect facilitating extensions to present reference more than the aorist or pluperfect), and actionality of the state o

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