Academic literature on the topic 'Transakčné náklady'

A. Stajano: Research, Quality, Competitiveness. European Union Technology Policy for the Information Society (New York: Springer Verlag, 2006, 456 pp.) Reviewed by András Blahó; K. Kouba - O. Vychodil - J. Roberts: Privatizace bez kapitálu (Zvýšené transakcní náklady ceské privatizace) Privatisation without Capital (Increased Transaction Costs of the Czech Privatisation) (Prague: Karolinum, 2005, 178 pp.) Reviewed by Katarína Jánošíková; M. N. Cardwell - M. R. Grossman - C. P. Rodgers (eds): Agriculture and International Trade. Law, Policy and the WTO (Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CABI Publishing, 2003, 330 pp.) Reviewed by Andrea Elekes

Subject of thesis are private transaction costs of public procurement. It's estimation of money spent by firms during public procurement tenders and seeking out factors influencing these costs. Theoretical frame of this thesis is between transaction cost economy and public procurement economy. Main result is estimation of private transaction cost of one offer in 0,44% of final contract prize. Estimation of whole private transaction costs of public procurement in Czech republic for 2011 is almost 9 milliard CZK. Important factors found out by econometric analysis and correlative coefficients are size of firm and contract value.

This master thesis is devoted to the transaction costs during insolvency of big companies. The aim of the thesis is to analyse, define and compare transaction costs incurred during insolvency of two Czech companies. The secondary aim is to find the relevant costs, compare their value and find the root cause of their appearance. There is hypothesis, which needs to be acknowledged or confuted. The hypothesis is if company has to be rich enough to be saved. The followed analysis has been performed on CBPS s.r.o. and Technistone a.s. The answer to this question, which was proofed by mentioned analysis, is yes, company really needs to be rich enough and own enough capital to be able to go through successful reorganization.

The main topic of this thesis is the theory of the firm, why are companies set up and how the company is perceived by those who founded it, therefore entrepreneurs. The main question is, if the theory that builds a theory based on the company's transaction cost savings, corresponds to reality, what are the real reasons for entrepreneurs starting a business and what options future entrepreneurs have. The first part focuses on the analysis of economic theory, which deals with the company, and the ideas of economists whose work has been fundamental for the development of theory of the firm. Among the pioneers we include R.H.Coase and his disciples, such as OE Williamson, O. Hart and others. The result of the work of these authors is the theory of transaction cost savings as the main reasons for the establishment of firms, along with the other supporting reasons. Next follows an extensive legal analysis of the most important forms of business entities, especially the conditions for their establishment. This section is important for understanding the differences between legal and economic conception of the company. The most important forms of business in terms of this thesis are self-employed and limited liability company, for which there is devoted the largest part. Rozhodni si, kterou vetu chces. Another section contains an analysis of transaction costs that arise in the company. We identify the principal moments when transaction costs are incurred and what variables affect them. Since these costs are highly subjective in nature, it is described here as an example of how the situation may appear in various corporate structures. The last part of this thesis is the survey, which identifies the main reasons for the establishment of the company and how it is perceived by entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. The result is supported by the conclusions of the previous chapters defining the reason for the establishment of a company outside the theory of transaction costs, which are particularly important for the further development of the company and not for the establishment itself.

The diploma thesis looks into the matter of political and economic transformation of Czechoslovakia and Czech Republic through lenses of institutional economics theories. It claims that the transformation measures did not consider the social embeddedness within cultural and historical limitations. The first part of the paper defines the methodology of institutional economics based mainly on Ronald Coase's and Oliver Williamson's work. The following part aims to draw an image of historical and political context of Czechoslovak transformation. The compatibility of conditions, goals and means of the transformation is being considered in the third part. Finally, the work structures and evaluates World Bank's data set that forms an important part of endogenous influences of institutionalisation. The conclusion judges the outcome of political and economical transformation rather critically.

Following thesis focuses on analysis of using five basic transfer pricing methods mentioned in the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines in the conditions of the Czech Republic (comparable uncontrolled method, resale-price method, cost plus method, profit split method, transactional net margin method). There are mentioned the problems connected with application of these methods and also suggestions how to fix them. In this respect thesis contains comparable, functional and economic analysis. As a part of the thesis there is an example of the transfer pricing documentation using cost plus method. Next there are noted the ways and criteria of selecting an appropriate method. There are also solved some tax aspects of determining the transfer prices.

The term public procurement refers to a contract between public entity and private companies. The public procurement contracts are regulated by the Public Procurement Act, which specifies the rules under which the public procurement should be performed and sets conditions of award procedures of public contracts. The quality of execution of the award procedure influences the efficiency and the transparency of the contract. The award procedure can be executed by internal employees of the contractor or outsourced. The main aim of this thesis is to analyze whether the contractors behave rationally when they outsource the award procedure; this thesis evaluates the differences between an in-house administration and an outsourced administration in prices, efficiency in terms of number of bidders in the contract and probability of formal errors in the award procedure. The results of the analysis shows that small contractors behave rationally; when they administrate the award procedure in-house they tend to make more formal errors thus they outsource the procedure. On the other hand, the large contractors do not behave rationally, because they outsource the administration of award procedure even if all three indicators show that they administrate the procedure in-house more successfully. The behavior of...

Title: Exponential control of homogeneous Markov processes Author: Pavol Stanek Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, MFF UK Supervisor: Mgr. Peter Dostál Ph.D., Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, MFF UK Abstract: This master thesis concerns exponential control of Markov decision chains. An iterative alghorithm for finding a control, that maximizes a long term growth rate of expected utility is developed. The utility is measured by exponential utility function. The algorithm is derived for both discrete time and continuous time chain. Subsequently, the results are applied on the problem of optimally managing port- folio with proportional transaction costs. The dynamics of the investor's position is derived and the consequent process is approximated by Markov chain. Using the iterative alghorithm, the optimal trading strategy is numerically found. Keywords: exponential control, Markov chain, portfolio optimization, proportional transaction costs 1

We consider agent trading futures on a market with small transaction costs. Her capital is deposited on a money market account, where compounding is possible. Arithmetic Brownian motion with random coefficients is considered as a model for futures strike price. The coefficients are assumed to be bounded Itô processes with bounded coefficients. Under these assumptions, an almost optimal interval strategy is derived, which almost maximizes expected utility in certain stopping times under hyperbolic absolute risk aversion utility function. Furthermore, under logarithmic utility function the derived strategy almost maximizes expected utility in wide class of (integrable) stopping times.

UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD INSTITUT POLITOLOGICKÝCH STUDIÍ Vplyv implementácie práv duševného vlastníctva na rozvoj vnútorného trhu NAFTA Bc. Ivana Miková MAGISTERSKÁ DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Praha 2013 Abstract: The thesis discusses the impact of intellectual property rights on economic development of NAFTA. It is based on the theoretical assumptions of the new institutional economics and its notion of transaction costs and institutions and their impact on economic growth, in particular the impact of intellectual property rights, which are an important part of the NAFTA treaty and are contained in chapter 17. of the NAFTA Agreement. Their impact is connected with the new growth theory, which considers innovation and new technology as a major source of economic development. The empirical analysis has found that measures of IPRs contributed to transfer technologies and economic development. Mexico has become the main beneficiary. In the U.S., the situation in the field of innovation and economic development associated with IPRs has not changed significantly, compared with the period before the emergence of NAFTA.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of governance structures in the model of Community Supported Agriculture in the Czech Republic as one of the alternative forms of food production. The theoretical part describes the characteristics and defines the potential of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs) in the development of the region, also defines the term Community Supported Agriculture. Subsequent attention is paid to the process of transmission of this AFNs model to the Czech environment and to its current forms. The practical part presents three case studies on selected CSA groups in South Moravian region. These information served as the basis for subsequent analysis of governance structures of these groups. Based on the results of the analysis the real form of these initiatives was identified, equally as the identification of linkages between the key players. Finally, the overall performance of the model was evaluated. Results of the analysis indicate that presented potential benefits for the vital development of agricultural producers and development of local regions can not be considered as automatic even though there exist many examples of good practices abroad.