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Journal articles on the topic 'Transboundary water resources'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Liu, Yu, Ping Wang, Hongwei Ruan, Tianye Wang, Jingjie Yu, Yanpei Cheng, and Rashid Kulmatov. "Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives." Water 12, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082101.

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Groundwater is critical for supporting socioeconomic development but has experienced gradual decreases in recent decades due to rapid population growth and economic development throughout the world. In recent years, the utilization of transboundary groundwater resources has received extensive attention globally. Because transboundary aquifers do not follow borders and are concealed, neighboring countries are prone to experiencing conflicts over the use of these transboundary groundwater resources. Therefore, an accurate and comprehensive assessment of the development potential of groundwater resources in these transboundary aquifers is necessary for the rational and fair use of those groundwater resources. Transboundary groundwater resources are an important water source for life, production, and ecological water use in Central Asia, which has a distinctive continental arid and semi-arid climate, and surface water resources in this region are relatively scarce. Considering the existing problems related to the utilization of groundwater resources in the transboundary aquifers in this region, we propose developing strategies for on-demand water abstraction, enhancing the ecological protection of transboundary aquifers, and strengthening international cooperation. This paper summarizes the distribution of 34 transboundary aquifers in Central Asia and analyzes the status and potential of groundwater resource uses in these transboundary aquifers.

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2

Puri, Shammy. "Transboundary Aquifer Resources." Water International 28, no. 2 (June 2003): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060308691693.

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3

ZHUNUSBEKOVA, Aigerim Zhunusbekovna, Aslan Khuseinovich ABASHIDZE, and Sholpan Valerievna TLEPINA. "International Legal Aspects of Regulating the Use of Transboundary Rivers in Central Asia." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, no. 5 (June 12, 2019): 1856. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.5(35).40.

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Water resources in Central Asia have always had and continue to have a significant impact on economic activities of the states of the region since all the major rivers here are transboundary and there are disagreements between the countries of the region about water supply and sharing of water resources. There are also disagreements on the application of norms of international law in the sphere of international legal regulation of transboundary water resources. The purpose of this article is to study international legal problems of transboundary water resources use by Central Asia states. In the course of the work performed, general methodological principles are used: system approach when analyzing the conceptual apparatus of the topic; comparative legal method when analyzing international treaties, acts, laws on the use of transboundary waters; method of historical analysis when studying the formation and development of international cooperation of Central Asian states in the field of transboundary water resources use.In this article, based on the study of international legal norms, the practice of their application in the field of cooperation of states on use of transboundary water resources, the problems and prospects for development of international legal regulation of cooperation of states in use and management of transboundary water resources in Central Asian region are identified.

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4

RATKOVICH LEV, D. O., M. MANHAL, N. V. SAFONOVA, and D. V. AGEEV. "WATER RESOURCES TRANSBOUNDARY RIVERS REGULATION ISSUES." Prirodoobustrojstvo, no. 2 (2021): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2021-2-92-101.

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The article concentrates on the water management situation of two transboundary basins of different scales taking into consideration the individual characteristics of the system of water resources using. The water management and environmental problems of the Euphrates (Turkey-Syria) and Karkotis (Cyprus) rivers are analyzed and their water management potential is estimated based on their generalized hydrological parameters. The chosen river basins have catchment areas (440 thousand km2 and 90 km2) that differ by several orders of magnitude, but the essence of the problems remains regardless of the scale and requires an equally detailed analysis and an individual methodological approach. The historically tense Mesopotamian region in terms of water resources is considered on the example of the Euphrates River. The existing and projected hydraulic units and water management systems in the Euphrates basin on the territory of Turkey and Syria predetermine a potential conflict of interests. Without focusing on the political aspects of the problem, the current situation and the real water potential on the border of Turkey and Syria are analyzed. The Karkotis River (another name for Klarios), originates in the north-east of the Troodos mountain range and fl ows into the Morphou gulf, Mediterranean Sea. The project «Kariotis» (the name of the project differs a little from the river name) was created in the 90s of the last century by a group of Soviet specialists on the terms of a contract. The project was not implemented for political reasons, but it is of interest in terms of the project tasks to be solved and cross-border features. The most important areas of the scientifi c research related to the hydrological and water management justification of project solutions for water resources management are formulated. This is a primary condition for effective joint water use in transboundary basins.

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5

Shao, Zhiying, Fengping Wu, Fang Li, Yue Zhao, and Xia Xu. "System Dynamics Model for Evaluating Socio-Economic Impacts of Different Water Diversion Quantity from Transboundary River Basins—A Case Study of Xinjiang." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 5, 2020): 9091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239091.

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With the rapid development of social economy and global climate warming, scarce transboundary water resources, as one of the basic resources for socio-economic development, have increasingly become the focus of basin countries. To investigate the socio-economic impacts of different water diversion quantity from transboundary river basins, we used a system dynamics (SD) model to reflect interactions between population, water resources, and socio-economic development, and applied it to a case study in Xinjiang to simulate its change tendency from 2011 to 2030 from the temporal dimension. Then, four water diversion quantity of transboundary river basins and four alternative socio-economic development patterns were designed to comprehensively evaluate these impacts of water diversion quantity change on the socio-economy of the region along the river under different socio-economic development patterns. The results indicate that (1) there was a positive correlation between water diversion quantity and the economic output value of the region along transboundary river basins, and the marginal benefit of transboundary water resources would decrease gradually; (2) considering the difficulty of water diversion from transboundary river basins and the protection of downstream water use and ecological health of transboundary river basins, we believe that increasing the transboundary water resources by 20% was more conducive to the sustainable development of Xinjiang’s socio-economy; (3) through the comparison of dynamic evolutions of socio-economic development and water impacts under four socio-economic development patterns, it is best for Xinjiang to plan its future development in the coordinated development of economic-resource scenario. Following this scenario, not only would the total output value of the socio-economy be better than other scenarios, but this also helps to alleviate the contradiction between the water supply and demand, which expected there would be a water shortage of 1.04 billion m3 in 2029 under 20% increase in water diversion quantity. Therefore, appropriate water diversion quantity, reasonable adjustment of industrial production growth rate, reduction of water consumption quotas of different industries and domestic water quota, and improvement of collection and treatment rate for sewage should be given priority in water resources management decision-making in Xinjiang or other arid regions along transboundary river basins.

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6

Jedd, Theresa. "Management of Transboundary Water Resources under Scarcity." Global Environmental Politics 18, no. 1 (February 2018): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_r_00450.

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7

Pramod, Kavitha, and Gabriel Eckstein. "Transboundary Water Resources Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach." International Journal of Water Resources Development 28, no. 4 (December 2012): 693–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2012.713907.

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8

Kupusovic, Tarik. "Transboundary Water Resources Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach." Desalination and Water Treatment 51, no. 19-21 (May 2013): 4239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.768808.

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9

Dehshiri, Mohammadreza, and Hamed Hekmatara. "Water Diplomacy and Water Disputes in the Maghreb Region." Technium Social Sciences Journal 10 (August 4, 2020): 530–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1329.

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In recent decades, with the rapid growth of the population of the Maghreb low-water region, the countries of this region have begun to make the most of their water resources. In this regard, the importance of the transboundary water resources of the region has been increased and disputes over these common resources have been gradually developed. Due to the historical political differences between some of the important countries in the Maghreb region, the lack of integrated water resources management and lack of sharing data has made it extremely difficult to form joint committees to oversee transboundary water resources as well as to negotiate the management of these waters; While conventions and initiatives that the countries of the region are members of them, can provide good conditions for water diplomacy and cooperation at the regional level and capacities should be used.

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10

Donbaeva, Gulaiym. "Features of the Transboundary Rivers of Central Asia (on the Example of Kyrgyzstan)." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Earth Sciences 20, no. 4 (2020): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7663-2020-20-4-234-239.

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The article describes the current situation of water resources in Central Asia (on the example of Kyrgyzstan) which recently caused a number of national and international meetings, consultations, and conflicts. The issue becomes even more acute when they are of a transboundary nature. In this regard, it is necessary to implement an integrated approach in the management of water and energy resources of transboundary rivers. The transboundary rivers are one of the main features and prerequisites for the efforts integration of the countries in Central Asia as the basis of the region’s water-free and environment-friendly use of water and land. For the countries of the region, the problem of water use in the basins of transboundary rivers has much in common and at the same time there are differences due to the natural, climatic, business, economic and political conditions of each country. Environmental security and the economies of Central Asian countries are closely related to the nature of water use and concerted actions on joint management of transboundary rivers. A noticeable decrease in their water resource potential as a result of increasing competition for water, the pollution of water sources are considered as serious obstacles to the sustainable development of the region.

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11

Juízo, D., and R. Lidén. "Modeling for transboundary water resources planning and allocation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 5, no. 1 (February 19, 2008): 475–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-475-2008.

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Abstract. International water resources agreements for transboundary rivers in southern Africa are based on system analysis models for water planning and allocation. The Water Resources Yield Model (WRYM) developed in South Africa has so far been the only model applied in official joint water resources studies aimed to form water-sharing agreements. The continuous discussion around the model performance and growing distress over it being South African, where it was originally developed, while South Africa is one of the interested parties in the process, results in an increased controversy over the system analysis results that are often only meant to guide in selecting the options for water resources management in a given set of scenarios. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the model performance of two other models; WAFLEX and WEAP21 in the Umbeluzi River Basin system where the WRYM was previously applied as part of a Joint River Basin Study. A set of basin development scenarios was equally tested in the three models and the results compared. The results show that the three models all are possible tools for system analysis of river basins in southern Africa, although the structure and complexity of the models are different. The obtained level of satisfaction for specific water users could, however, vary depending on which model was used, which causes uncertainties. The reason for the diverse results is the structurally different ways of describing allocation and prioritization of water in the three models. However, the large degrees of freedom in all system models cause even larger uncertainty in the results since the model user can, intentionally or unintentionally, direct the results to favor certain water users. The conclusion of this study is therefore that the choice of model does not per se affect the decision of best water allocation and infrastructure layout of a shared river basin. The chosen allocation and prioritization principles for the specific river basin and the model user's experience and integrity are more important factors to find the optimal and equitable allocation.

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12

Akamani, Kofi, and Patrick Impero Wilson. "Toward the adaptive governance of transboundary water resources." Conservation Letters 4, no. 6 (July 11, 2011): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-263x.2011.00188.x.

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13

Mianabadi, Hojjat, Erik Mostert, Saket Pande, and Nick van de Giesen. "Weighted Bankruptcy Rules and Transboundary Water Resources Allocation." Water Resources Management 29, no. 7 (February 13, 2015): 2303–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-0942-x.

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14

Gerlak, Andrea K., Jonathan Lautze, and Mark Giordano. "Water resources data and information exchange in transboundary water treaties." International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics 11, no. 2 (December 14, 2010): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10784-010-9144-4.

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15

Sangbana, Komlan. "African Basin Management Organizations." Brill Research Perspectives in International Water Law 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2020): 3–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23529369-12340017.

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Abstract In Africa, basin organizations are almost indispensable mechanisms for any attempt to achieve the sustainable protection of transboundary water resources. Indeed, transboundary freshwater pollution is a growing concern at the African transboundary basin level. In this context, African basin organizations play a central role in the protection of transboundary water resources and their ecosystems. In order to prevent pollution damage and protect water resources, basin institutions have been entrusted with a variety of functions and tasks in the formation and implementation of pollution control standards. This monograph explores and highlights the increasingly important role of basin organizations in this area and provides some avenues for strengthening the work they perform to protect river systems.

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16

Ospan, A. G., М. Е. Mansurova, and Y. Kh Kakimzhanov. "DEVELOPMENT OF A HYBRID MODEL FOR THE EFFECTIVE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER RESOURCES BASED ON A PREDICTION MODEL." BULLETIN Series of Physics & Mathematical Sciences 69, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.1728-7901.73.

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The development of a model for the effective use of water resources is one of the priorities of Kazakhstan. About half of the Republic's surface water (44.9 cubic km) comes from the territory of neighboring countries. According to experts, the increasing water intake by neighboring countries and the deterioration of water quality in the country's rivers can lead to an environmental disaster. In this regard, the analysis and discussion of models for the efficient allocation of water resources in transboundary river basins, which are already successfully used in the world, will be an urgent solution. This article discusses effective models and ways to solve water resources problems in transboundary rivers that have already been applied to transboundary rivers, and based on these models, a hybrid model is built that can be applied to transboundary rivers of the country.

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17

Zhiltsov, S. S. "Politics of Central Asia: Water and Energy Aspect." RUDN Journal of Political Science, no. 3 (December 15, 2016): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2016-3-7-18.

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This article analyzes the situation regarding the water resources of the transboundary rivers that developed in Central Asia after the collapse of the Soviet Union when the previous mechanism of mutual account of the interests of all the Central Asian republics broke down. Particular attention is given to the factors that have an impact on the formation and implementation of Central Asian politics regarding water use. A comparison is made of the international legal base that regulates conflicts involving the water resources of transboundary rivers and the legal documents of the Central Asian states. The paper analyzes the reasons for the failure to create a multisided mechanism for resolving the disputes that arise among the Central Asian countries with respect to water use of the transboundary rivers.

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18

Lueck, Andreas H. "Transboundary Water Resources Management and the European Unions (EU) Water Policy." Water International 24, no. 1 (March 1999): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508069908692137.

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19

Rahaman, Muhammad Mizanur. "Principles of international water law: creating effective transboundary water resources management." International Journal of Sustainable Society 1, no. 3 (2009): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssoc.2009.027620.

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20

Boronina, Lyudmila V., Lkhagvadulam Byambajav, Ekaterina V. Davydova, Gornik Werner, and Arkadii F. Sokolsky. "Ensuring the safety of transboundary water resources: European experience." West – East 12, no. 12 (2019): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30914/2227-6874-2019-12-94-103.

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21

Correia, Francisco Nunes, and Joaquim Evaristo da Silva. "International Framework for the Management of Transboundary Water Resources." Water International 24, no. 2 (June 1999): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508069908692144.

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22

Turton, Anthony R., Marian J. Patrick, and Frederic Julien. "Transboundary Water Resources in Southern Africa: Conflict or cooperation?" Development 49, no. 3 (September 2006): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1100269.

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23

K., Boudahri, Al-Hassan Abdul Wahab, Johannsen L. O., Njoroge L. W., and Semlali K. "Management of Transboundary Water Resources Case Study: Mekong River." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 9, no. 2 (February 12, 2019): p8642. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.02.2019.p8642.

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24

Geneuhc Kim, Jun-Keun Hong, and KimJeongIn. "Transboundary Water Resources Problems and Cooperations in Central Asia." Journal of Eurasian Studies 14, no. 3 (September 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31203/aepa.2017.14.3.001.

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25

Janjua, Shahmir, and Ishtiaq Hassan. "Transboundary water allocation in critical scarcity conditions: a stochastic bankruptcy approach." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 69, no. 3 (April 20, 2020): 224–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2020.014.

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Abstract A common problem in water resource allocation is to design a stable and feasible mechanism of water sharing in critical scarcity conditions. The task becomes very challenging when the water demand exceeds the available water resources reserves. To address this pervasive allocation problem related to transboundary rivers, the bankruptcy method is used. The bankruptcy method distributes water among riparian states when their total demand exceeds the total available water. This paper describes a new methodology for the allocation of scarce water resources in a complex system using a stochastic game theory which is an extension of bankruptcy theory. The authors have also proposed ‘weighted bankruptcy’ approach that can be used under a stochastic setting. The weighted bankruptcy approach favors agents with ‘high agricultural productivity’. The bankruptcy rules have been applied in the water resource system in four critical scarcity scenarios. The available water is allocated under the simple and weighted bankruptcy rules. The results showed that under all four scenarios, the weighted bankruptcy rules favor the agents which have a high agricultural productivity. The stochastic bankruptcy approach under the simple and the weighted bankruptcy rules can provide important strategic information for better management and sustainable sharing of water resources.

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26

Rybkina, I. D., and Zh T. Sivokhip. "WATER RESOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN‐KAZAKHSTAN TRANSBOUNDARY REGION AND THEIR USE." South of Russia: ecology, development 14, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2019-2-70-86.

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Aim. The study is aimed at examining the regional specifics of using water resources in the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary region, taking the current hydroclimatic situation into account.Methods. Statistical data on the availability and use of water resources in the regions of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan served as the initial data for the study. A comparative assessment of water supply was carried out applying traditional procedures widely used in Russia and abroad. The following indicators of water use efficiency were used: volumes of circulating and re‐sequential water supply (million m3), water losses during transportation (million m3) and water intensity of the gross regional product (GRP).Results. It was found that, over the past 20 years, a significant transformation of the water consumption structure has taken place in the studied regions. In the Russian regions, the most serious transformation of the consumption structure occurred in the agricultural sector. A comparative assessment of water supply suggests that most regions within the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary territory are characterized by relatively high levels of water availability.Main conclusions. The results indicate a significant impact of socio‐economic transformations in the Russian‐Kazakhstan region on the structure of water consumption, water supply, as well as indicators of water resource efficiency. The current water management problem consists in guaranteed provision of the population and economy with fresh water under the conditions of the spatio‐temporal variability of the river flow. Thus, the integrated management of water resources within the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary region should be based on improving the effi‐ ciency of water use in all sectors of the water economy, taking modern hydroclimatic changes into account.

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27

Hussein, Hussam, Filippo Menga, and Francesca Greco. "Monitoring Transboundary Water Cooperation in SDG 6.5.2: How a Critical Hydropolitics Approach Can Spot Inequitable Outcomes." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 3640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103640.

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This article contributes to critical sustainability studies through an interrogation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their action towards improving access to water and sanitation. This is done through an analysis of ‘SDG 6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for all’, specifically focusing on Target 6.5: ‘By 2030, implement integrated water-resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate’, and its related Indicator 6.5.2, ‘Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation’. While on paper Target 6.5 might seem relatively unproblematic, this article shows that its implementation could have some unintended practical implications for countries sharing transboundary waters. This article fine-tunes SDG 6.5.2 by suggesting two additional qualitative steps to improve the indicator. These qualitative dimensions are deemed extremely important for two reasons: the first one is the need to unfold and tackle inequitable water agreements; the second reason is to assess, recognize, and promote the role of civil society, NGOs, and technical and informal cooperation as a positive path toward the actual achievement of formal cooperation. The two steps that we propose are deemed essential if the United Nations (UN) is going to include SDG 6.5.2 as a proactive tool in the achievement of “implementing integrated water-resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate”, as declared in the 2030 agenda.

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Tayia. "Transboundary Water Conflict Resolution Mechanisms: Substitutes or Complements." Water 11, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071337.

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This paper examines the transboundary water resources conflict resolution mechanisms. Various academic fields have provided conflict resolution mechanisms that could be used to analyse transboundary water conflicts. These mechanisms include social planner, water market, game theory, static and dynamic systems engineering models, and negotiation analyses. These mechanisms share some common characteristic features. This similarity has led to a general belief that these mechanisms are competitive substitutes. However, closer examination by this research reveals that these mechanisms have more complementarity than similarity. This complementarity permits researchers and practitioners to combine any two or more of them to develop more comprehensive mechanisms with stronger analytical capacity to analyse the different elements of the process of transboundary water conflict resolution.

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Яков’юк, Віктор Андрійович. "METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT." Proceedings of Scientific Works of Cherkasy State Technological University Series Economic Sciences, no. 53 (June 30, 2019): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24025/2306-4420.0.53.2019.172195.

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Scholz, Miklas, and Furat Al-Faraj. "TECHNICAL SUPPORT FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATER RESOURCES." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 18, no. 3 (2019): 707–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2019.064.

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Danilov-Danilyan, V. I., S. A. Ivankov, and I. L. Khranovich. "Harmonization of strategies for the use of transboundary water resources." Water Resources 39, no. 2 (March 2012): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0097807812020030.

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Donayevish, Buriyev Soatmumin, and Shavkat Mirziyoev. "Factor in the of transboundary water resources in Central Asia." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 11, no. 3 (2021): 1610–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2021.00893.4.

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Gerlak, Andrea K. "One Basin at a Time: The Global Environment Facility and Governance of Transboundary Waters." Global Environmental Politics 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2004): 108–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2004.4.4.108.

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Increased international attention to water resource management and integration has resulted in the creation of new institutional arrangements and environmental funding mechanisms. The Global Environmental Facility's (GEF) International Waters Program is at the heart of such novel collaborative approaches to managing transboundary resources. This paper assesses GEF-led efforts in twenty-three projects across ten geographic regions. It finds that the GEF has been successful in building scientific knowledge and creating linkages across social, economic and environmental issues. However, challenges of enhancing the contractual environment and building national capacity remain. While GEF efforts thus far do indicate that institutions can affect the growth of knowledge and cooperation around transboundary waters, long-lasting achievements of the GEF's International Waters Program have yet to be realized.

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34

Appelgren, Bo, and Wulf Klohn. "Management of transboundary water resources for water security; principles, approaches and State practice." Natural Resources Forum 21, no. 2 (May 1997): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.1997.tb00680.x.

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35

PHAM DO, KIM HANG, ARIEL DINAR, and DAENE MCKINNEY. "TRANSBOUNDARY WATER MANAGEMENT: CAN ISSUE LINKAGE HELP MITIGATE EXTERNALITIES?" International Game Theory Review 14, no. 01 (March 2012): 1250002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198912500028.

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Managing transboundary river basins is never easy and usually involves conflicts. This paper introduces a special class of games with externalities and issue linkage to promote cooperation on transboundary water resources. The paper analyzes whether issue linkages can be used as a form of negotiations on sharing benefits and mitigating conflicts. It is shown that whenever opportunities for linkages exist, countries may indeed contribute towards cooperation. In particular, if the linked games are convex, the grand coalition is the only optimal level of social welfare.

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Xia, Qifan, Chaofeng Qian, Debin Du, and Yang Zhang. "Conflict or cooperation? How does precipitation change affect transboundary hydropolitics?" Journal of Water and Climate Change 12, no. 5 (January 22, 2021): 1930–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2021.280.

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Abstract Global climate change affects hydrology and ecology, and aggravates the contradiction between water resources supply and demand, thus leading to transboundary water conflict and cooperation attracting increasing attention. This paper uses the precipitation data sourced from the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, hydropolitical data collected from the Transboundary Freshwater Disputes Database and, for approximately half a century of socioeconomic indicator for countries, to discuss the relationship between precipitation change and transboundary hydropolitics. As demonstrated by the panel regression results, lower precipitation would lead to more water conflicts and more significant change of precipitation would lead to more water hydropolitical events. This result remains robust after adjustment being made to the defined thresholds of conflict and cooperation. The findings suggest that the countries in a transboundary river ought to avoid conflict and seek more cooperation, considering the uncertain prospect of precipitation changes.

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Ingram, Helen, Lenard Milich, and Robert G. Varady. "Managing Transboundary Resources: Lessons from Ambos Nogales." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 36, no. 4 (May 1994): 6–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.1994.9929996.

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38

Pandey, Avash, Anjal Prakash, Anamika Barua, Md Abu Syed, and Santosh Nepal. "Upstream-downstream linkages in Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna basin: the hydro-social imperatives." Water Policy 22, no. 6 (November 3, 2020): 1082–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2020.231.

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Abstract To manage the transboundary water resources of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) River Basin, it is important to identify and understand the complex upstream-downstream linkages in the basin. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of social, economic and cultural processes of the GBM Basin and examines existing mechanisms for governing the shared water resources. It draws attention to the uneven power relations between countries that share the basin and how it affects transboundary water governance. The review concludes that the countries need to strengthen cooperation and harness benefits arising from economic, social, and cultural aspects and proposes multilateral cooperation over the existing bilateral cooperation approach in the region.

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Garbuzarova, E. G. "Regulatory Initiatives of Central Asian Countries in Addressing Transboundary Water Issues." Post-Soviet Issues 8, no. 2 (August 19, 2021): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2021-8-2-219-228.

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After the collapse of the USSR the Central Asian countries found themselves facing serious regional challenges that hinder constructive interstate cooperation. Among such challenges the problem of transboundary water resources should be highlighted. The lack of a coordinated policy for regulating water flows continues to put the Central Asian countries in a vulnerable position, negatively affecting their national security, socio-economic development and the environmental situation in the region. Throughout their sovereign development the countries of the region tried to solve transboundary water problems by combining external and internal mechanisms. However, a solution to the problem that would meet the national interests of all interested countries was not found.Recently the ruling elites of the Central Asian countries have intensified the process of solving the water problem showing political will. They put forward a number of initiatives. A big role in reviving this issue belongs to Uzbekistan which has opened a new milestone in the settlement of water and energy conflicts in the region. Uzbekistan demonstrates a desire to solve the water problem constructively at the regional level. In this regard the proposals of the President of Uzbekistan Sh.Mirziyoyev acquired great importance in solving the transboundary water problems of Central Asia. In 2018 Sh. Mirziyoyev put forward the initiative to adopt a Regional program for the rational use of water resources in Central Asia. Shortly before that he expressed a desire to participate in the implementation of joint hydropower projects with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Analyzing the current shifts in the water and energy issue we can talk about increasing trust between the countries of Central Asia and the beginning of the formation of a new regional interstate model of relations on the distribution of transboundary water resources.

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Leb, Christina. "The UN Watercourses Convention: theéminence grisebehind cooperation on transboundary water resources." Water International 38, no. 2 (March 2013): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2013.781474.

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Ganoulis, Jacques, and Eugene Levner. "Risk-based integrated management of transboundary water resources: a general framework." International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management 10, no. 4 (2008): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2008.022129.

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KHUJANAZAROV, Timur, Tsuneo TSUKATANI, Kristina TODERICH, and Munimjon ABDUSAMATOV. "Introductory Assessment of Transboundary Water Resources in Central Asian Riparian Countries." Journal of Agricultural Meteorology 60, no. 5 (2005): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.621.

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Rahaman, Muhammad Mizanur. "Principles of Transboundary Water Resources Management and Ganges Treaties: An Analysis." International Journal of Water Resources Development 25, no. 1 (January 22, 2009): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900620802517574.

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Eleftheriadou, Eleni, and Yannis Mylopoulos. "Game Theoretical Approach to Conflict Resolution in Transboundary Water Resources Management." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 134, no. 5 (September 2008): 466–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2008)134:5(466).

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Kliot, Nurit, Deborah Shmueli, and Uri Shamir. "Development of institutional frameworks for the management of transboundary water resources." International Journal of Global Environmental Issues 1, no. 3/4 (2001): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgenvi.2001.000982.

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Jacobs, Jeffrey W. "The Mekong River Commission: transboundary water resources planning and regional security." Geographical Journal 168, no. 4 (December 2002): 354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0016-7398.2002.00061.x.

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Muli, Michael S., Reshana L. Thomas, and María G. C. Hernández. "Transboundary Water Resources Management: A Review of the River Omo Basin." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 9, no. 5 (May 6, 2019): p8971. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.05.2019.p8971.

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Jonker, L., P. Van der Zaag, B. Gumbo, J. Rockström, D. Love, and H. H. G. Savenije. "Why a regional approach to postgraduate water education makes sense – the WaterNet experience in Southern Africa." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 3 (March 16, 2012): 3581–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-3581-2012.

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Abstract. This paper reports the experience of a regional network of academic departments involved in water education that started as a project and evolved, over a period of 12 yr, into an independent network organisation. The paper pursues three objectives. First, it argues that it makes good sense to organise postgraduate education and research on water resources on a regional scale. This is because water has a transboundary dimension that poses delicate sharing questions, an approach that promotes a common understanding of what the real water-related issues are, results in future water specialists speaking a common (water) language, enhances mutual respect, and can thus be considered an investment in future peace. Second, it presents the WaterNet experience as an example that a regional approach can work and has an impact. Third, it draws three generalised lessons from the WaterNet experience. Lesson 1: For a regional capacity building network to be effective, it must have a legitimate ownership structure and a clear mandate. Lesson 2: Organising water-related training opportunities at a regional and transboundary scale makes sense – not only because knowledge resources are scattered, but also because the topic – water – has a regional and transboundary scope. Lesson 3: Jointly developing educational programmes by sharing expertise and resources requires intense intellectual management and sufficient financial means.

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Mumbi, Anne Wambui, and Li Fengting. "Exploring changes in water use patterns, demand and stress along the Nile River Basin through the lens of Kenya and Egypt." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 11 (2020): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19396.

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Noting the geopolitical implications of water demand and stress issues on water resources worldwide, this study investigated water demand, changes in water use patterns and water stress developments in the Nile Basin transboundary water resource by comparing Egypt and Kenya. Using an integrative literature review, the study summarises past research, drawing overall conclusions and highlighting unresolved issues. The findings demonstrate increased water withdrawals and a growing unmet demand in both countries. In addition to changing water use patterns towards municipal and industrial use, hydropower development in Kenya and navigation in Egypt are being driven by factors such as heightened upstream use, population growth and settlement patterns, economic development and climate change. In addition, spatial distribution of water stress was demonstrated, whereby downstream countries such as Egypt remain critically vulnerable, although upper riparian countries such as Kenya are gradually also facing emerging water stress problems. This water stress and its spatial distribution are being driven by supply–demand imbalances related to population growth and economic development, escalating upstream water use, deteriorating water quality, inefficient and ineffective water use and climate change. The findings inform a discussion of the crucial socioeconomic, geopolitical and policy implications for riparian countries in the Nile Basin and other transboundary water resources worldwide.

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Weber, Carolin Mai. "Protection and Use of Transboundary Groundwater Resources under Public International Law—An Analysis of the UN International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 22, no. 1 (October 7, 2019): 114–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413_022001006.

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Groundwater is one of the world’s most important water resources. Although it is highly susceptible for pollution and overexploitation, its extraction rate is predicted to increase over the next decades. Against this background, this article discusses the contribution of the UN International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers to the protection of this precious resource. It first provides some information on the characteristics of groundwater and aquifers, then describes briefly the existing international legal regimes addressing transboundary groundwater and the evolution of the Draft Articles, and finally analyses the main criticisms and positive aspects of the Draft Articles.

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