Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Transcendance (Philosophie) dans la littérature'
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Orfila, Thierry. "Les voies d'acces a la transcendance chez baudelaire." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT3008.
Full textIn his quest for transcendence, baudelaire sees himself as a man who strains for the absolute and who is perfectly aware of the necessity of persevering, but who knows his own inability to reach his aim. Why ? is he realy too weak, or is the way too narrow and not well traced before him ? what paths does he tread, or try to tread on ? first, baudelaire takes the illusory roads of wine and drugs. In this venture, he becomes the judge of his own error, and condemnes himself, with some nuances, in the paradis artificiels. This is his experience of alienation and mystification. Therefore, facing his recurrent checks, he expresses his despair. He lives his existence in failure. Time is the + ennemi ; who's omnipresence overwhelms and prevents him from acting. Everything becomes vain to the one who only consideres the flow of inexorable instants and the final abyss. But, in this long glide towards death, where all humanity is also drawn since the original sin, the poet foresees some exits, like cleared ways in the darkening forest. These are his faculties of transcendence, grasped from cosmic communion and from the law of universal analogy, that he names after the swedish mystic swedenborg, + les correspondances ;. Exploring this way, he comes across the small paths of occultism, or the blind alleys of superstition. At times he finally meets what seems to him a mystic awakening. He rediscovers the great antithesis of transcendence according to christian tradition : god, the ultimate goodness, and satan, the ultimate evil, which he associates with his own intimate duality. But, if ascetism would lead baudelaire to a way out, then this ascendent escape, that sometimes irrupts in his existence, has to pass through poetry and the cult of beauty. It is thus that he eludes time, death and himself
Nahan, Isabelle. "Réalisme et transcendance dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Giovanni Testori." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040141.
Full textGiovanni Testori,who was born in 1923 and died in 1993 in Novate,Lombardy,was a writer of multiple talent since he was a novelist,poet,dramatist,art critic,painter and journalist. .
Morissette, Beaulieu David. "Proust : entre transcendance et immanence." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34740.
Full textDubois, Dominique. "Langage et transcendance dans l'œuvre de Wilson Harris." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOL008.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to show how Wilson Harris, the Guyanese writer, transcends the traditional categories of both fiction and language to present reality as he perceives it, that is to say as a plural and fluid entity. Plurality and fluidity are the very characterisitics that make the writer's thought so complex and dense. The aim of this study is therefore to try and explain it through an analysis of its defining concepts and themes. After defining, in the first part, the characteristics of the modern world, which the Guyanese writer describes as polarized and fragmented owing to man's blindness, this study throws light on the central role of the metaphors in Harris’s writing through the analysis of their pattern of metamorphosis. It is indeed through this process of transformation that the writer accounts for the perceptual changes that take place in the protagonists of the novels enabling them to transcend the world's polarizations. The third part focusses on the poetics of fiction and especially on its originality. The aim is to show how deconstruction is at the heart of the novelist's fictional world. It is this deconstructive process that often baffles the reader and we have underlined its central characteristics, thanks to the analysis of the writer's fundamental concepts such as the "vision of consciousness" or the "infinite rehearsal," in order to make his vision more perceptible to the reader
Eberz, Ingrid. "L'imagination surréaliste dans son rapport avec l'automatisme." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070067.
Full textIn the surrealist study od the actual process of thinking, all notions of traditional philosophy - the ego, mind and body, nature, transcendance, representation - will be deconstructed and replaced by notions which mark the rupture with dualist and idealistic philosophy. The psychophysical field, the inner ear, the wild eye, the automatic message, the magical dicatation announce a pictural and poetic thinking which is not based on the cogito, ergo sum, but on a est, ergo cogito. It is the automatic dimension who gives us to think and who is, in pursuance of that, the ontological dimension of surrealism, the availability for automatism opens the widest field at human imagination. The fundamental solidarity of imagination and automatism determines the surrealis:m as an ontology of imagination based on automatism. It is imagination who is putting into motion the magical and revolutionary power of desire, in order that her movement does not lead onto the nihil, onto imptiness, but onto creation, onto action, onto a world according to our most noble projects and desires
Vibrac, Dominique. "L'autonomie d'une noble Dame : étude du "Convivio" de Dante Alighieri." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040222.
Full textLapitre, Huguette Éna. "Le bruit des chaînes : recueil de poèmes ; suivi de La poésie de Jean-Noël Pontbriand comme lieu métaphorique de transcendance du langage plus paticulièrement dans Lieux-passages." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25974.
Full textMattiussi, Laurent. "La représentation du merveilleux dans l'historiographie romaine de l'époque impériale." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903210.
Full textMarchand, Yan. "Le passage problématique du retrait à la présence dans la pensée grecque." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1X001.
Full textPorée, Jérôme. "Ontologie et transcendance : origine et signification de la métaphysique dans la perspective d'une phénoménologie radicale." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100096.
Full textThe modern criticism of metaphysics, applied to the speculative quest for an ultimate foundation, occults the ethical question of justification. Now, this question is indistinguishable from our very effort to be, and is rooted in suffering actually envigioned, not as a particular affliction, but as an ontological experience. A radical phenomenology should therefore, in order to exhibit the necessary relation which unites the universal form of possible experience with the ethical and metaphysical form of justification, accomplish itself as a phenomenology of suffering
Husson, Laurent. "Dévoilement du monde et appréhension existentielle de l'être dans L'Etre et le néant de Jean-Paul Sartre : etude sur les rapports entre structures ontologiques et perspectives métaphysiques dans l'ontologie du premier Sartre." Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA120052.
Full textForay, Philippe. "La formation du concept d'apparence transcendantale dans la philosophie de Kant." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040228.
Full textThe aim of this study which is composed of four parts, is to understand the meaning and the significance of the concept of transcendental appearance in the philosophy of Kant. Its first part deals with the genesis of the question of metaphysical illusions and of the concept of transcendental appearance in the pre-critical period. Then its second part shows the relation between transcendental appearance as the principle of speculative errors of the reason and the institution of the critic of the pure reason. Its third part studies the display of transcendental appearance in the critic of each branch of metaphysics, which is achieved in the second book of the transcendental dialectic. To conclude with this analysis, the nature and the origin of transcendental appearance are explained. Finally, its last part draws the consequences of this critic for the whole Kantian philosophy
Bouillon, Vincent. "Guerre et paix dans la philosophie d'Emmanuel Levinas." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100060.
Full textAlong a first, major question, primordial as it involves living together and respecting human values. Let us present that problem: «it proximity concerned one person only there would not have been any difficulty». There are not only two of us in this world, and our relation to the other, the third one, the closest as well as the furtherest, is a reality we cannot deny before any consent. «A problem» because the other is equally, par excellence, the most worry some, and unpredictable with the other we shall always be in a relation that includes an infinity of indestructible links. Last as we are in the world our preoccupation “of” and “for” the other is imposed on us as an heritage with the same necessity as our presence to ourselves. In our existence we have never been and never shall be alone; that is why our relation to the other, from peace to war, becomes an essential question, the first as well as the last of the problems. We will show in these links that the problem of war and peace arises by and for the being, we shall to go further by identifying precisely that to being and to ontology is added another source of conflict, which is all the more ambivalent as it will be necessary to peace and war: transcendence. What we would like to let appear and to sustain is that the being is not the only origin of evil and consequently of war. Levinas’s position on that point has slowly but significantly evolved, as the thesis expressed in his early writing has been submitted to the harsh experience of the nazi concentration camps and have finally resulted in his maturity in a general discard for enjoyment and happiness for ourself. This is the voyage to which the reader is invited, as well as to approach of the implications it includes for justice, state, happiness and the effective realization of peace as well as for the always possible and sudden looming up treat of war.We shall accompagny Levinas in his striving for lucidity regarding the last century and its genocides and we shall endeavor to reconcile that lucidity with the hope his whole philosophy wants never theless to sustain
Thomassen, Magdalene. "Traces de Dieu dans le philosophie d'Emmanuel Levinas." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040102.
Full textThe theses presents a chronological and systematic re-reading of the question of God in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, and examines the ambiguous and equivocal movement of the “trace” through which is delineated the meaning of the word ‘God’ in this philosophy. By identifying three areas of research interweaving throughout his work – the three thematic clusters of ‘exit’, of ‘sociality’ and of ‘significance’ –, it is shown how three modalities of the notion of the “trace” are exposed through these areas: the “trace” in its equivocal formulation penetrates the thinking of Levinas on God and man inseparably. First we follow the emergence of the question of God from the first early suggestions through the texts appearing between Totality and Infinity and Otherwise than being (part 1); then we explore the more accentuate thinking on God in association with a reformulation of the subject, at the heart of Levinas’ second major work (part 2); finally we drawn attention to the culminating points of the research on the meaning of the word ‘God’ as deepened and corroborated in Levinas’ later works (part 3). The complexity of the work of Levinas on the question of God in philosophy may be read through the density of the notion of the trace: Inscribed in (1) the face of the other, (2) the passivity of the subject (3) the prophetic saying, it makes it possible to think God as the absence-presence of a radical transcendence, a transcendence that in all its absolute separation still affects immanence and incarnates itself as original intelligibility
Artous-Bouvet, Guillaume. "Statut de la littérature dans le discours philosophique français après 1950." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/133291286#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis academic thesis concerns French philosophical discourses of the second half of the twentieth century. Among the essential features of these discourses is the constant concern with literature. Such a concern had two main consequences: in the first place, redefining the philosophical concept of literature; in the second place, affecting in return the style of these philosophical discourses. Such a redefinition of the mere concept of literature is drastic: literature is no more to be thought as expression or representation. It is, above all, language: the autonomous power of a play upon meanings, strictly remote from all others discourses. This redefinition put literature at a certain limit of knowledge: literature appears from now on as an outside object, according to the traditional criteria of philosophical knowledge. Dealing with this specific object, the philosophical discourses begin to wonder about their intercourse with the very act of writing. It is the birth of a French philosophical style, coined by authors of notable formal invention abilities - namely Jacques Derrida or Jean-François Lyotard. Philosophy is no more the simple commentary of literature; it has turned into inscription, imitation, and creation. Thereby, philosophy becomes a literary philosophy. With literature, knowledge is transcended - but literature still carries a truth, although it is not the philosophical truth. It is the truth which philosophy can not deliver: the truth about life
Sabourin, Thomas. "Ipséité et transcendance : esthétique et phénoménologie transcendantale dans l’oeuvre de Michel Henry." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30098.
Full textMichel Henry’s work has brought about the idea of a non-intentional phenomenology, based on the analysis of self-affection, as a phenomenological process allegedly more fundamental than intentionality. Whereas the latter reveals the visibility of the world, self-affection reveals, for its part, the invisibility of affective life. The theory of aesthetics that Henry develops in Voir l’invisible is based on this onto-phenomenological dualism. In this book, Henry defines art as the accomplishment of life, as its pathetical « emotional Recall ». Consequently, art is conceived accordingly to the paradoxical statement implied in the title of his book, since “voir l’invisible” means seeing what is invisible. So, to Henry’s opinion, art doesn’t bring forth the ‘phenomenological phenomenon’, but is the practical fulfilment of the ethics of life. Nevertheless, determining life as the invisibility of self-affection, and art as the accomplishment of life, urges him to face a certain number of difficulties : what about the risk of underestimating the complex structure of the work of art ? What about its actual reality ? And how is one supposed to understand, in such an aesthetical context, the possibility and structure of literature ? The purpose of settling a new theoretical basis for aesthetics, grounded on Michel Henry’s fundamental concept of the “Recall”, but at the same time able to solve these problems, and to actually take into account the wide variety of art practices, leads to investigate here the ontological foundations of Henry’s aesthetics : the way he conceives transcendence and subjectivity. Reinterpreting ‘impression’ as the fundamental intentionality, and showing self-affection as equivocal, enables to shape a more accurate and balanced characterization of art, viewed as ‘Recall’, in a much more realistic and concrete way, which brings about the conditions for a general theory of art and its relation to culture.Key words : Michel Henry, Art, Aesthetics, Phenomenology, Intentionality, Affectivity, Self-affection, Subjectivity, Invisible
Del, Fiol Maxime. "La poésie à l'approche de l'absolu : immanence et transcendance chez Lorand Gaspar et Salah Stétié." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30062.
Full textThis study aims at casting light on the ways in which Lorand Gaspar’s poetry is explicitly rooted in the philosophical tradition of immanence, while on the other hand Salah Stétié’s poems implicitly reveal the influence of the opposite tradition of transcendence. Indeed, these two philosophical traditions utterly determine each poetical project, especially because they express opposing ontological ideas about the concepts of finite and infinite. Thus, building on the living tension which this relationship continuously offers to readers’ minds, and purposely using a wide array of academic tools for the benefit of literary criticism, this study shows how this philosophical dichotomy is at the heart of both works. The first chapter focuses on the methodological pitfalls which inevitably arise in the wake of all philosophical enquiries when applied to literature. In particular, it should be reminded how the poetical language stands out from other means of expression, and most notably from the abstract concepts traditionally used in philosophy. It is defined here as a polysemous tension, and analysed in a stylistic way in both works. The second chapter reviews the great intellectual milestones which made it possible for both authors to build up the foundations of their own ontology. Lastly, the third chapter explains how the philosophical discrepancy between the two poets is most obviously epitomized in their relationship with the image. Whereas Lorand Gaspar’s iconophilia derives from his biological and ontological conception of immanence, the influence of a cultural Islam leads Salah Stétié to aniconism and arabesque, which are one of his poetry’s most powerful attempt
Kouakou, Kouassi ange-valery. "La quête spirituelle dans la poésie française de 1918 à 1945 (Jouve, Bataille, Valéry)." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20011/document.
Full textCrossed by insatiable one thirst of spirituality and freedom, the XXth centuryis known to be the one of «God’s Death or more explicitly that repositioning of theman in the center of the divine. It is in the moose of spiritual modernity, of renewal,thus various rejection of religious tradition that joins the poetic experience of PierreJean Jouve, Georges Bataille and Paul Valéry. While nothing seems to gather them, these three poets in the divergent andoften set ideas, an iconoclastic and heterodox believer, an atheist haunted by the questof the sacred and a pure rationalist in search of his "God", made of the universe of the poetry a place of questioning, deep exploration of the interiority and quest of one.Through an ecstasy at the same time poetic and mystic which makes the bedfor éros, love, music and death in a junction of Immanence and Transcendence, it take shape new ways of spiritual experiment which set up these poets as real prophetsof their time
BRUNON, PIERRE. "L'oeil, la temporalite et l'enigme du tableau." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010679.
Full textThe base of my thesis is the eye : of the painter, the spectator and of the painting gazing at us. On the painting, two conciliatory looks : an erudite look and one of joy. The two looks have to wed within a shared vision. If one transcends the iconographic method, then the painting will move our very being, in our need towards understand to our appetite of delight. The spectator will first react in a subjective manner. Through this perceptive experiment, he goes into an intersubjective sphere. There is a pictorial space which unfolds, then the inferiority appears, the time, the great sculptor. It's the same for a painting : its' spatial movement, which generates its' time, is its' time. There is, in this manner, a universe of the painting composed by space and time. The imagination creates a more lively world. It is the dynamic of the art work, which is its' physical body, an astonishing physique because it's only there to enamate something mysterious, an apparition which gives us access to it and to the world. This is the 'aura'. The enigma is the substance of the artwork which is enamated by a strange metamorphosis, like a call which raises the visibility to bring out the web of the invisible, this other reality. Art is the meeting of freedoms, freedom of the artist, which flows through the spectator's eye, and the painting's gaze. The receptivity and the knowledge can then light up the work ; it's by this freedom that the artist generates them. Modern art, contemporary art only expresses, often exacerbates, this will of initiative and also this necessity of change. It's exactly this resistance, which moves the painting in its' temporality and makes the enigma pre- existent, like the enigma of the human-being
Puccini-Delbey, Géraldine. "Amour et désir dans les Métamorphoses d'Apulée : réalités, poétique, philosophie." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040231.
Full textLove, as the subject of the most of the inserted tales, may be a key to understand the global sense of the roman. Apuleius provides a moral reflexion on the human love, essentially based on insatiable desire and condemned to failure and seems at the same time to propose a solution that conciliates platonism with isiac syncretism
Diop, Alioune. "L'imaginaire animalier dans la littérature arabe." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040180.
Full textAbdeljaouad, Firyel. "Les figures de l'autre dans l'oeuvre de romain gary et emile ajar ou comment le vif saisit le mort." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030034.
Full textBourgne, Florence. "Écriture et philosophie dans le "Troilus" de Chaucer." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040227.
Full textChaucer's Troilus seethes with allusions to Boethius' Consolatio, translated simultaneously. Contemporaries praised Chaucer's qualities as a translator, and called him a philosopher. This must be set against the backdrop of medieval philosophy, its width and its oral teaching, which promotes figures of authorities whose works are commented upon. The glosses in the Troilus manuscripts are summary notes, dialogical marks or genealogical and mythological notations, inkeeping with school commentaries. Boece's influence on Troilus is mostly structural, yet the interpolating of boethian elements entails a new re-writing mode, to be examined in the light of the nominalist realist debates (Chaucer was friends with a former oxonian logician). This intrusion of philosophy in the realm of writing submits literature to orality, although literature is seeking its independence. The translating technique used by Chaucer in Troilus and his coining policy make him part and parcel of the Tanslatio Studii movement, which upholds vernaculary languages. Chaucer is eager to establish a canon of his works, as were Dante or Machaut. Yet, Troilus' narrator poses as a monk, and references to books are unable to counter orality's supremacy over literacy
Masseran, Anne. "Sciences, femmes, littérature : étude de la dissociation de la science et de la littérature dans les écrits de Diderot, Rousseau et Goethe." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13167.
Full textThis study aims at a refined understanding of the process of dissociation of science and literature in the second half of the eighteenth century. This period seems revealing with regard to the establishment of new principles ordering the available knowledge. These changes finally led to our modern conception of links or disruptions between science and literature. However, it is also the moment for another major change closely interconnected with the first one the woman copy of the man or radically different, human being conceived as similar to the man while being simultaneously represented as the complete opposite was attracting the researcher's attention. Yet, with the act of scientific construction (fiction) the multifaceted aspects of women's lives (which had before been integral part of their representation) gradually vanished from the scientific sphere. The historic, heroic and symbolic aspects of her life will be more and more confined to the literature. Thus, the line separating science from literature finds it manifestation precisely in the different discourses dealing with the boundary-object "woman". In order to shed light on the dissociation process of science and literature with regard to the representation of women we chose to use the work of three authors: diderot, rousseau and goethe. Departing from their writings we also investigated closely the ideas put forward by scientists working at that period on similar issues such as buffon, maupertuis, bordeu, bergmann and others. The scientific, philosophical and ideological background for our study was constituted by l'encyclopedie edited by diderot et d'alembert (1751/1765) and l'encyclopedie methodique (1782/1832)
Muckensturm-Poulle, Claire. "Les gymnosophistes dans la littérature grecque de l'époque impériale." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100156.
Full textYamazaki, Atsushi. "Bouvard et Pécuchet, le roman philosophique : classification, magnétisme, philosophie." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080050.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the unfinished work of Gustave Flaubert, Bouvard and Pécuchet, focusing on its own triple dimensions : encyclopedic, critical and comic, in order to reveal the philosophical meaning of this novel.The first part of this paper highlights the method how Bouvard and Pécuchet approach knowledge, and analyzes two models of their learning : the usage of signs and the classification. How to classify plants, animals, men ? This is the question to annoy them all the time during their encyclopedic journey. The question remains even in the Copy.The second part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of the episode of animal magnetism in chapter VIII of the novel. The general structure of the episode is based on the immense corpus of magnetism (Mesmer, Puységur). The theories and practices of the two magnetizers are full of epistemological implications, as long as each of their theories and practices refers to a certain moment of the history of magnetism. In order to clarify those implications, the “Mysticism-Magnetism” file must be explored. In other words, the purpose of the second part is to make this novel restore an epistemological scheme.The third part of the paper firstly discusses the epistemological scenario that closely links two episodes of chapter VIII, and secondly explores the “Philosophy” file. To the philosophical library in this novel, various philosophers such as Descartes, Cousin, Hegel, Spinoza and Montaigne are summoned. How did the novelist generate a narrative fiction from metaphysical questions such as final causes, free will and criterion of truth ? This is the main question studied in the third part
Rouan, Michel. "Le langage et son dehors dans la littérature contemporaine." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20066.
Full textFirst part. Starting from the werks of jean paulhan, we study the impossiblility to isolate the two terms of the linguistic sign, the singifier and the signified, we reject the idea that there could be a stratun or a rhetoric avant in language, and theorefore a stratum of the proper. Language is not divisible in identities. Second part. In the works of blanchot, we dispute the possibility that language could be outside or separated from the world. This time we refuse the idea that the reference is sufficient to account for the connection between language and the world, and therefore the possibility that thore could be, through this language which is supposed without any refrence, a language that would out of totality, third part. It is not necessary to suppose, as derrida does, that language is a pure form, inaudible and invisible, and so as to show its aporia we study the double position of nothingness, which is at the core of the logic of hegel. La conclusion, if language is paradoxically inaudible and invisible, it is so for reasons different form those given by derrida: it is exactly like any event, neither more, nor different
Yonossi, Zarina. "Le cycle de l'eau et du feu dans "Salammbô" de Gustave Flaubert." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100171.
Full textI've selected one main line approach in dealing with this theme: exploring the imaginative faculty deployed by the author in making Carthaginian civilization live again. The opening chapters of this analysis follow the novel's development step by step and reveal the links established between gods, men, and the binary elements water and fire. These links are two-fold, involving on the one hand the ambivalence of the heavenly bodies and the main characters whose nature shifts between a material imagination sparked by water and another sparked by fire. On the other hand, there's also the transcendental relationship uniting men and elements to the stars which govern them. This double relationship points to the existence of two distinct types of imaginative faculty. The second part of the analysis deals with the intersection between the imaginative faculty and myth, in so far as both produce a constellation of images. I attempt to follow the fundamental inclination of myth, with its cyclic vision of cosmic life and the eternal reversal of events. This notably entails the struggle between life and death -or more precisely between the destructive force of time with its devastating cycles versus life which constantly attempts to resurface and carry on
Vincent, Manon. "Les animaux dans la littérature hellénistique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040225.
Full textOur study focuses on animals in Hellenistic literature. We deliberately chose to work on a large text corpus in order to highlight the multiple representations of the animal appearing in the texts of the period. The first part of this study is devoted to animal imagery through which the authors describe the characters and human qualities, exposing, to a lesser extent, the analogue relationship between animals. The second part aims to show existing relationships, symbolic or real, between man and animal. The staging of the animals in the story reflects thepractices and ways of thinking of the Hellenistic society towards the animal. The last part of this study presents the attempts to objectify the behaviours and qualities of the animal. In that sense, it shows the rise of philosophical schools and sciences of the period by the philosophical and didactic approach to animal nature. In texts, Hellenistic thought reveals the continual tension between belief and knowledge, between cultural representations and "scientific data" of the animal. If the authors conceive man as belonging to the animal biological continuum, they stand out by the assertion of their superiority in an intellective perspective
Rokoee, Reza. "Rêve et éveil dans la phénoménologie transcendantale de Husserl, 1904-1936." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0005.
Full textThe question is, among others, the attempt for a phenomenological description of dream, sleep and wake going from an esthetic to a kinesthesis of dream : the phenomenology of phenomenology may mean the very foundation of phenomenology which is enriched by the problematics of the world as its own investigation’s area. At the end of the awake world, sleep, falling asleep and dream appear as modalities of awakening as well as the anterior sediments of a transparent world which is phenomenologically real. Husserl’s phenomenological vision about awakening is founded on a transcendental unity which runs across life as lived experience. This unity take also place inside all phenomenal aspects as in perception, phantasia, intersubjectivity, different individual experiences and logic. The conception that Husserl leaves us, by processing the question of awakening and sleep, is a genuine phenomenological knowledge of the problem
Daney, de Marcillac Marie. "Le nom Ulysse dans les textes philosophiques occidentaux depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083391.
Full textThis dissertation is a cartography of the name Ulysses in various philosophical texts of Western post-1945 tradition, built around a common reference to Ulysses. It offers an alternative reading of philosophical texts, which is not set on a philosophical hermeneutics, but focuses rather upon a hermeneutics that tries to determine the textual variants of Ulysses and their interpretations. This hermeneutics highlights the existence of a unique moment in the memory of Ulysses as corpus, which is demonstrated as a new version of the myth of Ulysses. The present interest in the figure of Ulysses proceeds from its capacity to trouble the border between various disciplines, especially that which divides philosophical and literary traditions. A study of the areas of textual interbreeding between philosophical texts and literary intertexts of Ulysses, the Odyssey and the literary tradition of its rewritings, the revelation of the character of Ulysses' intelligence in the philosophical texts as well as its figural dimension, demonstrate that Ulysses is in fact the alibi of philosophy. As non-disciplinary figure, his role serves to establish an opening towards that which lies beyond the philosophical texts in which he appears
Passavanti, Sandro. "Délire et pathologie de la perception dans l’Antiquité classique : Littérature, philosophie, médecine." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP067.
Full text«The Greeks and Romans did not analyze the trouble of mind deeply enough to give a common denomination to a kind of its symptoms, as relevant as they may be. They surely observed and knew hallucinations, of which we are talking about. But they did not recollect them under a general definition». This was the opinion of the French physician L.-F. Lélut (L’amulette de Pascal, 1846), a statement which clearly reflects the opinion of scientists of his time about ancient analysis of psychopathological sensory alterations. Exception made for a positivistic interest, aiming at recognizing psychiatric categories in some pathological phenomena depicted in classical literature, no general study has ever been devoted to the relationship between cognitive alterations and pathological disorders of perception. This research intends to address such shortcoming through a long-term investigation of classical texts, by taking into account this cluster of pathological experiences, from Pre-Socratic physiology to the medical treatises of Late Antiquity. This work is structured in three sections: first, a methodological introduction and an analysis of the current state of art leads to an inquiry on Hippocratic texts about cognitive and sensory alterations (5th- 4th centuries BC). A comparison between medical literature and theatrical episodes of visionary madness reveals the chronological and speculative priority of Euripidean representations of morbid visions as deceptive phenomena, in opposition to the archaic image of the visionary as ‘master of truth’. The second part of the thesis focuses on the history of philosophical thought about troubles of perception, from Alcmæon to Epictetus, through the twofold lens of physiology of perception and epistemology. By refusing the Pre-Socratic materialistic model, Plato and Aristotle openly formulated the problem of distorted perceptions of madness in terms of truth and falsehood and physiological explicability, in order to push back sophistic and relativistic arguments. The development of Hellenistic Stoic/Academic debates originated from an analogous opposition between dogmatic conceptions – resting upon a ‘pre-established harmony’ between men and their objects of knowledge – and, on the other side, skeptical objections about the supposed indiscernibility of sane and mad perceptions. The core of this debate, which lasted until the end of the Platonic Academy in the 1st century BC, was perpetuated by the Middle Stoicism and then received by the subsequent medical tradition: in the third section, particular attention is devoted to the treatises written by Celsus, Aretæaus of Cappadocia, Asclepiades, Galen, Cælius Aurelianus, in which the Hellenistic philosophical heritage grafted on to the earlier clinical and pharmacological traditions. This turning point represents the very foundation of every medical consideration about sensory disorders until the end of Classical Antiquity
Teodoro, Noe͏̈l. "Le réalisme dans les littératures d'Indonésie et des Philippines : comparaison entre Pramoedya Ananta Toer et Amado Hernandez." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0320.
Full textThe social histories of the literary traditions of the malay world, studied and analyzed from the comparative point of view, has yet to be undertaken. The present doctoral dissertation takes up a limited but an extremely important aspect of this area of research: the realist tradition in indonesian and philippine literatures with particular emphasis on the literary works of two contemporary and committed writers of the region: pramoedya ananta toer (1925 - ) of indonesian nationality and amado hernandez (1903-1970) of filipino nationality, with the end in view of bringing out the numerous intersting parallels or comparisons between the historical settings, the social contexts they describe and analyze. The goal or the raison d'etre of this comparative study is to present a number of significant "documentary sources" relating to the intellectual and social histories of island southeast asia
Blicq, Deborah. "Souffrance d'une parole vraie : pour une nouvelle lecture de la vérité dans le face-à-face de l'hellénisme et du judaïsme au sein de l'Etoile de la Rédemption de Franz Rosenzweig." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100087.
Full textMy main point, in this thesis, is to explore what the philosophical meaning of the expression “a true word” may be. I argue that Franz Rosenzweig's use of the word “Wahrlich” in order to describe human beings'trial when aknowledging their submission to a transcendant truth helps us understand what this meaning is. In The Star of Redemption, the renewal of interpretating what the word “truth” means is founded on an encounter between hellenism and judaism and it culminates in a philosophy of testimony. I argue that this irreductible face-to-face of the two sources of our culture – hellenism and judaism – leads us to a better and decisive discovery of a language that is both a revealed and a revealing language. Revelation – while getting the Logos to remain silent – gives us a new set of concepts : immemorial, prediction and redemption
Serveau, Karine. "Les métamorphoses de l’écriture de la transcendance dans l’œuvre romanesque de Georges Bernanos." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040082.
Full textConfronting fictional narrative writing and transcendence thanks to the metamorphosis that the novelist Georges Bernanos had been subjecting his work to for its twenty years’ development requires a threefold critical approach: generic, genetic, hermeneutic. The generic study makes it clear how the eight narrations are challenged to integrate a theological, metaphysical and mystical concept in a fictional setting with a non-reductive novel. Genetic analysis is pointing out a metamorphosis’s topography and timeline of the writing in the corrected crossed-out hand-written page, and in the completed fiction work, not to mention the homogeneous self-block consisting in the scriptural and structural unit of a novel. The hermeneutic investigation reveals the two preferred deployment means of this writing: the Bible as textual transcendence and the Christian mystical adventure as incarnate transcendence
Courtinat, Nicolas. "Philosophie, histoire et imaginaire dans le Voyage en Orient" de Lamartine." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF20012.
Full textSmadja, Isabelle. "Images et usages de la folie dans le théâtre contemporain." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100071.
Full textPrunet, Anne Gwenn Marie. "Victor Segalen, Alain Daniélou, Michel Leiris, Nicolas Bouvier : poétiques du voyage au XXeme siècle." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083326.
Full textHow to describe traveling on the 20th century? The genre of travel story implies a fundamental paradox: it lies between the expression of a necessary subjectivity and a reference anchoring, which highlights during the century which witnesses the questioning of the definition of the subject. Consequently, a travel work emerges and expresses the need to instill beyond the criteria which have been defining the genre of traveling until now. These four authors contribute to this questioning as well as a remodeling of the constants of the genre of traveling, while expressing in a dialectical way: between native land and the target countries; between oneself and the other. They also propose some patterns consistent with the poetics of traveling: archaism, closed spaces, incompleteness, death – reexamining the concepts of time and space, which influence the structure of the works as well as the language in use
Moitsinga, Norbert. "La critique sociale dans la littérature congolaise d'après 1960." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120006.
Full textPeigney, Jocelyne. "L'idée du neuf dans la pensée grecque d'Homère à Platon." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20017.
Full textThe introduction distinguishes between our question of progress; the subject of this work is what makes the new possible according to the Greeks and how it is understood in the ancient thought. The study of neos and the other words of the family in context leads to the analysis of a complex idea of time. The movements that can be observed in the sky and the rythm of life provided a basis for the vision of a segmented time, which was also seen as the succession of the different configurations of the things ; the ancient conception of change is dictated by both aspects. Thus, neos means "fresh", "young" and "new" in the varying combinations of the things, indicating the arising of what was not visible, individual differences, the first stage of an expected development or the end of what was established. With the study of kainos and family we come to spatial images. The sources of what is strange, unknown, upsetting, in every sense of the word, or surprising could be found in the juxtaposed spaces of the compartmentalized world. All these conceptions, with sometimes very different ways of expression, still prevailed in Greece in the first part of the 4th century B. C; the authors' claims to make or to say something new, the discussions which developed at the ebnd of the 5th century, the constructions of history must be interpreted as linked to them. Lastly, the gap between the ancients'thought and ours is clear in the conception of the heurema, "successful action" or "institution", establishing and delimiting variation, and in the meaning of heurisko, " to get ", " to produce ". Even if the traditional presentation of the heurema is altered in the chronological catalogues, at the end of the 5th century,, as that of the heuretes, " invention " is still perceived by the Greeks as an individual initiative, as an answer to a particular problem, as human action facing circumstances
Rodrigues, Thiago [UNIFESP]. "Phénoménologie critique, littérature et philosophie: une incursion dans les premiers textes de Sartre." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2012. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9935.
Full textO escopo desta dissertação consiste em apresentar e analisar a maneira pela qual se estabelece a relação entre literatura e filosofia na obra de Jean-Paul Sartre. Para tanto, tomar-se-á como principal referência alguns textos do jovem Sartre, em especial, o ensaio a Transcendência do Ego e o romance A Náusea. O método heterodoxo de buscar apoio tanto na obra teórica como na obra ficcional do autor justifica-se diante da necessária relação de interdependência que estes dois registros adquirem na obra do autor. Em decorrência, é imperativo analisar também algo do necessário desdobramento ético que esta concepção acarreta. Posto isto, cabe frisar que o percurso a ser percorrido vai da análise do texto filosófico acima mencionado, passando pela relação entre criação ficcional e reflexão filosófica e culminando com a retomada de toda a problemática desenvolvida durante o trabalho, porém, sob perspectiva literária e ética.
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Chalard-Fillaudeau, Anne. "Rembrandt dans l'histoire de l'art, la littérature et la philosophie européennes depuis 1669." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4032.
Full textThe existence of a Rembrandt-mythology and the importance of the meanings related to the name and work of the Netherlandish artist arouse a certain number of questions about his belonging to the European cultural landscape, and more specifically about his representations. Thus, studying the way Rembrandt is referred to in European art history, literature and philosophy enables us to understand why Rembrandt is a cultural symbol; but it also reveals the extent to which the phenomenon of the symbolical -valorization of the artists and works is determined by the different cultural fields and by the different cultural areas; and, last but not least, it enables us to grasp the acknowledgment and representation of genius through Rembrandt, a major concept as it expresses a European specificity, a universe of cultural representations that revolves around the ideas of creation, freedom, being and universality
Journolleau, Elisabeth. "Le voyage dans l'imaginaire à travers les oeuvres de : Selma Lagerlöf, "Le merveilleux voyage de Nils Holgerssson à travers la Suède", [de] Franz Hellens, "Mélusine" [et de] Michael Ende, "L'histoire sans fin"." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30051.
Full textSTUBBS, FACCENDINI MARCELLE. "Figures mythiques féminines dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Georges Bernanos." Amiens, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AMIE0011.
Full textAlvarez-Estrada, Georgina. "L'imaginaire de la pierre dans les contes et légendes bretons et galiciens." Grenoble 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE39009.
Full textThis study about the images of stones appearing in numerous tales and legends from brittany (france) and calice (spain) proves to be an archetypological contribution. From that point of view, a hundred "texts" are analysed in which stones don't only embody the similarities and the close links between two peoples apparently distant as far as their histories and cultures are concerned. Through ages, stones also keep alive the memory of the balance between dream and reality, violence and order, which is essential for individual and social human life. Then images of stones appear as stables, "written" words, which dynamise the human being inciting him to try and get the harmony, the highest wisdom they materialise. Stones are images of the totality and of the beconing springing up again and again. Man takes part in it by an individual experience of intimate and deep thinking. Each contact of the man with the stones can be a renewing instant. During the everlasting quest to unify his being, first of all man must assume the several forms of otherness represented by the images of stones, and then overcome them. To wonder, to spot, to fight against challenges and learn how to accept the idea of inperfection and instalibity in the aim og conquering the perfect balance between his double reality : that is also the tendency of the post-modern man. Works of writers such as le clezio or c. Fuentes give us several examples which show the actuality of the stones images
Brooks, Carlo. "La préemption de l'image dans les romans de Don Delillo." Pau, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PAUU1009.
Full textThe obvious preeminence of the image in the work of don delillo is related here to the notion of preemption of the image considered according to the definition martin heidegger gives to the image: the "image" is not a copy of what is but the way in which the latter is made calculable by the preemption of all that does not fit into a coherent pattern. Weltbild (the world image) is not an image of the world but the world seized as an image. Likewise, in delillo's novels, america is seized as an image: his characters search a coherence in the image while regretting the faults, incidents and dangers of the "full picture". The preemption of the image is next examined with respect to language, notably the way in which the signifier pre-empts the signified and comes to view as an image free from meaning and reference. Lastly, the preemption of the image is analyzed in its relationship to nature. Delillo's characters seem to want to discover a nature undetermined by man. However, our ability to discern the natural is vitiated by a self-referring element which seeps into events and the self. There is also a "natural" preemption of the image in delillo's work, i. E. The heideggerian readiness-at-hand (zuhandenheit). Delillo's characters want to pierce through the preemption of readiness-at-hand, seize that which lies before them as a "natural" object. Yet this longing for a superhuman perspective is nothing more than the wish to pre-empt whatever is in the heideggerian sense of the image
Kislov, Valéry. "Jeu et contraintes dans la création contemporaine." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082677.
Full textThe dissertation is devoted to 'writing under restrictions' in fiction in general and in the French literature of the 20th century in particular. This mode of writing dates back several centuries and is defined as a number of specific formal rules, or restrictions, that an author adds to the existing linguistic and cultural norms, and deliberately and systematically follows in his/her writing of a work of fiction. These restrictions are analysed in a number of aspects – from specific rhetorical devices to global artistic concepts, – and within the context of various disciplines and cultures, which allows to treat these limitations as a formalist aesthetics in its own right. The dissertation studies various approaches to interpretation of restricted writing, defining the status of the text, the author and the reader, as well as the place and the role that is given to this kind of literature in the contemporary creation. Restricted writing, as it appears, is both a source of inspiration and a word game, moreover, it also turns out to be an instrument of dissent and subversion, a tool for liberation and a way of spiritual quest
Tabuteau, Nicolas. "Crises et persistance du lyrisme dans la poésie de langue française (1960-1990)." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100057.
Full textIn an unpropitious historical, literary context, french language poetry into 1960 and 1990 – thanks to, for one or among others authors like Philippe Jaccottet, Jacques Réda, Lorand Gaspar, Guy Goffette, Lionel Ray, Jean-Michel Maulpoix, James Sacré, André Velter, Andrée Chedid, Anne Perrier, François Cheng – could maintain strong links with a lyrical tradition, with the orphic Way/Voice. Interrogating on new basis, the relation between the subject and the world, his “figures” sometimes diffracted to the extreme, lyricals poets have tray to traduct the expression of lack, failing of being, unrealibility of words, in a singing-phrasing frequently a minima. In this way, they have had the possibility of, beyond the thickest darkness, find again “breaks” , remains, sparing “brightnesss”, “fragments” (?) of a “Sublime” close to intimacy, nay to nothing, to Wide. The methodologicals basis – stylistic, literary criticism, phenomenology, linguistic and psychoanalysis – of the present work permit to study how lyricals of this period could elaborate original texts where integrate elements from genesis of the poem as well as the reality, “recreated”, lyric because abounding in his multiple concordances/discordances. “In the interstice”, “Between” singings and “misinsgings”, inside-outside, from miseries to marvels, from “summits” to “abysses”, from “width”, “open sea” to “shore”, on the “alchemy of live and died”…, the lyricism, “critical”(on both meaning) could, during this “time”, in spite of those crises, mercy to them, amongst the whirl of contraries, find a way to express how much each fall contain the very beginnings of a revival
Sabot, Philippe. "Pratiques d'écriture, pratiques de pensée : le statut philosophique de l'expérience littéraire du suréalisme à nos jours." Lille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL30002.
Full textKadar, Ali Diraneh. "Regards croisés entre Français et Djiboutiens dans la littérature de 1836 à nos jours." Limoges, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIMO2003.
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