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Journal articles on the topic 'Transcranial Doppler ultrasound'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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1

Markus, H. S. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound." British Medical Bulletin 56, no. 2 (2000): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0007142001903021.

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2

Young, William L. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound." Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology 3, no. 4 (1991): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008506-199112000-00013.

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3

MARKUS, H. S. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 67, no. 2 (1999): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.67.2.135.

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4

Strandness, D. E., and T. S. PADAYACHEE. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound: A Review." Echocardiography 5, no. 2 (1988): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8175.1988.tb00243.x.

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5

Caplan, L. R., L. M. Brass, L. D. DeWitt, et al. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound: Present status." Neurology 40, no. 4 (1990): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.40.4.696.

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6

Samantaray, Aloka, Hemanth Natham, Mukkara Madhusudan, and Hemalatha Pasupuleti. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound for the brain." Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research 8, no. 3 (2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcsr.jcsr_70_19.

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7

Lewis, Philip M., and Peter Y. K. Hwang. "Letter: Image-Guided Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound." Neurosurgery 70, no. 3 (2011): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e3182400279.

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8

Purkayastha, Sushmita, and Farzaneh Sorond. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound: Technique and Application." Seminars in Neurology 32, no. 04 (2013): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1331812.

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9

Blanco, Pablo, and Anselmo Abdo-Cuza. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in neurocritical care." Journal of Ultrasound 21, no. 1 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40477-018-0282-9.

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10

Giller, Cole A. "Neurosurgical Applications of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound." Contemporary Neurosurgery 17, no. 1 (1995): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00029679-199517010-00001.

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11

Wardlaw, Joanna M., and James C. Cannon. "Color transcranial “power” Doppler ultrasound of intracranial aneurysms." Journal of Neurosurgery 84, no. 3 (1996): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1996.84.3.0459.

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✓ “Color Doppler energy” (or “power Doppler”), a new color Doppler ultrasound technique that is independent of flow direction and very sensitive to movement, was assessed for its use in the identification of intracranial aneurysms in patients with recent subarachnoid hemorrhage immediately prior to using cerebral angiography. Features that identified aneurysms using this technique included the appearance of abnormal color where no normal artery was expected, abnormal bulging of an artery, and greater “expansibility” of the aneurysm in comparison to an adjacent normal vessel. In this exploratory study, 30 of 33 aneurysms were correctly identified in 35 patients with a good bone window. Color Doppler energy is considerably more sensitive to intracranial blood flow than conventional color Doppler imaging. Color Doppler energy is a useful research tool; if these preliminary results are verified in larger series, in addition to examination for vasospasm, the technique could be used for identification and follow up of aneurysms.
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12

Afkhami, Rashid, Rachel Wong, Saadallah Ramadan, Frederick Rohan Walker, and Sarah Johnson. "Indexing Cerebrovascular Health Using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 47, no. 4 (2021): 919–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.12.022.

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13

Ainslie, Philip N., and Ryan L. Hoiland. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound: Valid, invalid, or both?" Journal of Applied Physiology 117, no. 10 (2014): 1081–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00854.2014.

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14

Schwartz, A., and M. Hennerici. "Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound in intracranial angiomas." Neurology 36, no. 5 (1986): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.36.5.626.

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15

Njemanze, Philip Chidi. "Transcranial doppler ultrasound device for odor evaluation." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 115, no. 5 (2004): 1878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1757202.

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16

Rieke, Klaus, Christopher C. Gallen, Leslie Baker, et al. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound and Magnetoencephalography in Migraine." Journal of Neuroimaging 3, no. 2 (1993): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jon199332109.

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17

Babikian, Viken L., and Christine A. Wijman. "Brain embolism monitoring with transcranial Doppler ultrasound." Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine 5, no. 3 (2003): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11936-003-0006-z.

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18

Morris, Nicholas A., Nathan Manning, Randolph S. Marshall, et al. "Transcranial Doppler Waveforms During Intra-aortic Balloon Pump Counterpulsation for Vasospasm Detection After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage." Neurosurgery 83, no. 3 (2017): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx405.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is a standard screening tool for vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Prevention of vasospasm-induced delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage depends on optimization of cerebral perfusion pressure, which can be challenged by neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy. Intra-aortic balloon pumps have been utilized to augment cerebral perfusion, but they change the transcranial Doppler waveform, altering its interpretability for vasospasm screening. OBJECTIVE To assess the features of the transcranial Doppler waveform that correlate with vasospasm. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage that underwent same-day transcranial Doppler ultrasound and angiography. Transcranial Doppler waveforms were assessed for mean velocity, peak systolic velocity, balloon pump-augmented diastolic velocity, and a novel feature, “delta velocity” (balloon pump-augmented velocity − systolic velocity). Relationship of flow velocity features to vasospasm was estimated by generalized estimating equation models using a Gaussian distribution and an exchangeable correlation structure. RESULTS There were 31 transcranial Doppler and angiography pairings (12 CT angiography/19 digital subtraction angiography) from 4 patients. Fourteen pairings had proximal vasospasm by angiography. Delta velocity was associated with proximal vasospasm (coefficient –6.8 [95% CI –9.8 to –3.8], P < .001). There was no significant correlation with proximal vasospasm for mean velocity (coefficient –13.0 [95% CI –29.3 to 3.4], P = .12), systolic velocity (coefficient –8.7 [95% CI –24.8 to 7.3], P = .29), or balloon pump-augmented velocity (coefficient –15.3 [95% CI –31.3 to 0.71], P = .06). CONCLUSION Delta velocity, a novel transcranial Doppler flow velocity feature, may reflect vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and intra-aortic balloon pumps.
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19

Giller, Cole A., Phillip Steig, Hunt H. Batjer, Duke Samson, and Phillip Purdy. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound as a Guide to Graded Therapeutic Occlusion of the Carotid Artery." Neurosurgery 26, no. 2 (1990): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199002000-00019.

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Abstract Although gradual carotid artery occlusion is an accepted and effective treatment for some surgically inaccessible intracranial aneurysms, there are no specific guidelines to determine the optimal amount of carotid artery narrowing at each adjustment. The technique of transcranial Doppler ultrasound, however, allows continuous measurement of blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery as the carotid artery is narrowed, so that hemodynamic effects and development of collateral flow can be immediately assessed at the bedside at each adjustment of the carotid artery diameter. This case report describes the use of transcranial Doppler to guide the rate of carotid occlusion in a patient with an unclippable giant aneurysm of the carotid artery. Sudden carotid occlusion and gradual occlusion at the usual rate were not tolerated by the patient. but repeatedly tightening the clamp until the first signs of attenuation of the Doppler signal allowed an expedient occlusion without complication. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound can provide a useful dynamic guide to gradual therapeutic carotid occlusion.
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20

White, D. N. "Transcranial Doppler sonography." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 13, no. 10 (1987): 665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-5629(87)90066-4.

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21

Lindegaard, Karl-Fredrik, Peter Grolimund, Rune Aaslid, and Helge Nornes. "Evaluation of cerebral AVM's using transcranial Doppler ultrasound." Journal of Neurosurgery 65, no. 3 (1986): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1986.65.3.0335.

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✓Blood flow velocities in basal cerebral arteries were recorded noninvasively in 28 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) and were correlated with the angiographic findings. In normal arteries remote from the AVM, flow velocities ranged from 44 to 94 cm/sec (median 65 cm/sec) with pulsatility indexes from 0.65 to 1.10 (median 0.87). This is consistent with findings in normal individuals. Arteries feeding the AVM's were identified by the high flow velocities (ranging from 75 to 237 cm/sec, median 124 cm/sec). The pulsatility index ranged from 0.22 to 0.74 (median 0.48). The difference of these results from findings in normal remote arteries was highly significant (p < 0.001). Hyperventilation tests illustrated the hemodynamic difference between an AVM and normal cerebrovascular beds. Flow velocity measurements permitted noninvasive diagnosis of AVM's in 26 of the 28 patients. Furthermore, the identification of individual feeding arteries permitted good definition of the anatomical localization of individual AVM's. Flow velocity measurements combined with computerized tomography scans are useful in the diagnosis of AVM's. With the feeding artery's configuration identified on angiography, flow velocity measurements permit a new insight into the “hemodynamic dimension” of an AVM and its possible effects on adjacent normal brain-tissue perfusion in the individual patient.
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22

Van den Veyver, Ignatia B., Michael A. Belfort, Thomas F. Rowe, and Kenneth J. Moise. "Cerebral Vasospasm in Eclampsia: Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Findings." Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 3, no. 1 (1994): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767059409017256.

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23

LaRovere, Kerri L., Robert C. Tasker, Mark Wainwright, et al. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound During Critical Illness in Children." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 21, no. 1 (2020): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000002118.

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24

Sivakumar, M., and S. Sivakumar. "Microembolus Detection by Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Monitoring (P07.037)." Neurology 78, Meeting Abstracts 1 (2012): P07.037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p07.037.

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25

Dahl, Arve, David Russell, Rolf Nyberg-Hansen, and Kjell Rootwelt. "Cluster Headache: Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound and rCBF Studies." Cephalalgia 10, no. 2 (1990): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1990.1002087.x.

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Transcranial Doppler and rCBF examinations were carried out in 25 cluster headache patients. Spontaneous and glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) provoked attacks were accompanied by a bilateral decrease in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocities. This decrease was more pronounced on the symptomatic side but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Mean hemispheric blood flow and rCBF were within normal limits during provoked attacks and similar to those found when patients were attack-free. During cluster periods middle cerebral artery velocities were significantly higher on the symptomatic side. Glyceryl trinitrate caused a bilateral middle cerebral artery velocity decrease which was significantly greater on the symptomatic side. Attacks provoked by glyceryl trinitrate appeared to begin when the vasodilatory effect of this substance was receding.
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26

Khan, Khurram S. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A case report." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 47, no. 4 (2019): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x19869698.

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I describe a case and brief discussion to illustrate the clinical utility of transcranial Doppler ultrasound in suspected posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. A 26-year-old female presented with headache, visual disturbance, dyspnoea and hypertension. Past medical history included heart transplantation and hypertension. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome was diagnosed requiring mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. A brain computed tomographic scan showed changes suggestive of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Transcranial Doppler showed increased velocities with low pulsatility index consistent with cerebral hyperaemia. After antihypertensive treatment flow velocities and computed tomography normalised with complete clinical recovery.
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27

Lewandowski, Marcin, Mateusz Walczak, Piotr Karwat, Beata Witek, and Paweł Karłowicz. "Research and Medical Transcranial Doppler System." Archives of Acoustics 41, no. 4 (2016): 773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2016-0074.

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Abstract A new ultrasound digital transcranial Doppler system (digiTDS) is introduced. The digiTDS enables diagnosis of intracranial vessels which are rather difficult to penetrate for standard systems. The device can display a color map of flow velocities (in time-depth domain) and a spectrogram of a Doppler signal obtained at particular depth. The system offers a multigate processing which allows to display a number of spectrograms simultaneously and to reconstruct a flow velocity profile. The digital signal processing in digiTDS is partitioned between hardware and software parts. The hardware part (based on FPGA) executes a signal demodulation and reduces data stream. The software part (PC) performs the Doppler processing and display tasks. The hardware-software partitioning allowed to build a flexible Doppler platform at a relatively low cost. The digiTDS design fulfills all necessary medical standards being a new useful tool in the transcranial field as well as in heart velocimetry research.
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28

McQuire, Joanne C., John C. Sutcliffe, and Tim J. Coats. "Early changes in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity after head injury." Journal of Neurosurgery 89, no. 4 (1998): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.89.4.0526.

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Object. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of early abnormalities in the cerebral circulation after head injury by relating the results of the initial computerized tomography (CT) scan with transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound readings to see if the side of injury and the outcome can be predicted by using these modalities. Methods. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound measurements were obtained in the emergency room in 22 head-injured patients less than 3 hours after injury. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was insonated using a standard technique. The TCD measurements in each MCA were examined individually; of 39 measurements, 22 (56%) showed a low mean blood flow velocity, 27 (69%) demonstrated a high pulsatility index (PI), and 18 (46%) showed both abnormalities. The side of the cerebrovascular abnormality measured by TCD ultrasound did not appear to be an accurate predictor of the side of the injury as determined on the initial CT scan. Of 13 patients in whom either a space-occupying hematoma or signs of swelling were shown on the initial CT scan, 10 (77%) had an increased PI in one or both MCAs, which is an indication of high flow resistance. Conclusions. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound examinations performed while patients are in the emergency room may have a role in determining treatment priorities, especially in those with multiple injuries.
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29

Lovett, Marlina Elizabeth, and Nicole F. O’Brien. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound, a Review for the Pediatric Intensivist." Children 9, no. 5 (2022): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9050727.

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The use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) is increasing in frequency in the pediatric intensive care unit. This review highlights some of the pertinent TCD applications for the pediatric intensivist, including evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics, autoregulation, non-invasive cerebral perfusion pressure/intracranial pressure estimation, vasospasm screening, and cerebral emboli detection.
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30

Caldas, Juliana R., Rogério da H. Passos, Thompson G. Robinson, Ronney B. Panerai, and Jatinder S. Minhas. "Intensive care management of arterial carbon dioxide in acute intracerebral haemorrhage: Case report of influences on cerebral haemodynamics." Ultrasound 28, no. 4 (2020): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742271x20903753.

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Intracerebral haemorrhage is relatively common and has devastating consequences. Furthermore, non-invasive and invasive strategies to manage raised intracranial pressure remain limited and associated with high morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 72-year-old male with intracerebral haemorrhage with ventricular extension, hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension, who was evaluated by transcranial Doppler ultrasound and optic nerve sheath diameter. This case demonstrates that beyond pharmacological and surgical interventions, simple manipulation of arterial carbon dioxide has the propensity to improve cerebral haemodynamic parameters. Our results demonstrate the negative effects of hypercapnia on cerebral autoregulation and the benefits of having transcranial Doppler ultrasound available in the intensive care unit point of care.
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31

Wardlaw, Joanna M., G. T. Vaughan, A. James W. Steers, and Robin J. Sellar. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound findings in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis." Journal of Neurosurgery 80, no. 2 (1994): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.2.0332.

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✓ Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) findings are described in a patient with acute thrombosis of the sagittal venous sinus. The TCD finding of prominent venous signals adjacent to the middle cerebral artery gave the first indication of the diagnosis, which was subsequently confirmed by computerized tomography. Awareness of the possible TCD findings in patients with a similar history may lead to a more rapid diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
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32

Mok, Vincent, Ding Ding, Jianhui Fu, et al. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound for Screening Cerebral Small Vessel Disease." Stroke 43, no. 10 (2012): 2791–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.112.665711.

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33

Jordan, Lori C., Robert J. Wityk, Michael M. Dowling, M. Robert DeJong, and Anne M. Comi. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound in Children with Sturge-Weber Syndrome." Journal of Child Neurology 23, no. 2 (2007): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073807307079.

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34

Alnaami, Ibrahim, Muzaffer Siddiqui, and Maher Saqqur. "The Diagnosis of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound." Case Reports in Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/894913.

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Background. Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) is a hemodynamic posterior circulation transient ischemic attack (TIA) caused by intermittent vertebral artery occlusion that is induced by a head rotation or extension. VBI may result from large vessel atherosclerotic disease, dissection, cervical compressive lesions, and subclavian steal phenomenon. Diagnostic transcranial Doppler (TCD) of VBI disease and hemodynamic posterior circulation TCD monitoring in symptomatic positions might prove a useful tool in establishing the diagnosis.Patient and Material/Method. A 50-year-old Caucasian man presented with a one-year history of episodic positional vertigo and ataxic gait that were induced by a neck extension and resolved by an upright position or a neck flexion. Computed tomography angiogram (CTA) and TCD confirmed the presence of VBI where no blood flow was detected through posterior cerebral arteries in the symptomatic position (head extension position).Conclusion. TCD is a promising noninvasive technique that might have a role as a diagnostic test in VBI.
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35

Kirkham, F. J., S. D. Levin, T. S. Padayachee, M. C. Kyme, B. G. Neville, and R. G. Gosling. "Transcranial pulsed Doppler ultrasound findings in brain stem death." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 50, no. 11 (1987): 1504–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.50.11.1504.

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36

Kaps, M., M. S. Damian, U. Teschendorf, and W. Dorndorf. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound findings in middle cerebral artery occlusion." Stroke 21, no. 4 (1990): 532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.21.4.532.

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37

Giller, Cole A., Phil Purdy, Angela Giller, H. Hunt Batjer, and Tom Kopitnik. "Elevated Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Velocities Following Therapeutic Arterial Dilation." Stroke 26, no. 1 (1995): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.26.1.123.

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38

Reuter-Rice, Karin. "Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Use in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury." Journal of Radiology Nursing 36, no. 1 (2017): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jradnu.2016.11.003.

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39

Petrovic, T., P. Gamand, K. Tazarourte, J. Catineau, and F. Lapostolle. "Feasibility of transcranial Doppler ultrasound examination out-of-hospital." Resuscitation 81, no. 1 (2010): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.09.009.

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40

Njemanze, Philip Chidi. "Noninvasive transcranial doppler ultrasound computerized mental performance testing system." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 112, no. 6 (2002): 2511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1536454.

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Vinciguerra, Luisa, Giuseppe Lanza, Valentina Puglisi, et al. "Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia." PLOS ONE 14, no. 4 (2019): e0216162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216162.

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42

Pohl, Christoph, Klaus Tiemann, Thomas Schlosser, and Harald Becher. "Stimulated Acoustic Emission Detected by Transcranial Color Doppler Ultrasound." Stroke 31, no. 7 (2000): 1661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.31.7.1661.

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43

Thomas, T. Darrell, Gary J. Harpold, and B. Todd Troost. "Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Migraineurs as Measured by Transcranial Doppler." Cephalalgia 10, no. 2 (1990): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1990.1002095.x.

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Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is a relatively new diagnostic modality which allows the non-invasive assessment of intracranial circulation. A total of 10 migraine patients were studied and compared to healthy controls without headaches. Migraineurs during the headache-free interval demonstrated excessive cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2, evidenced by an increase in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity of 47% ± 15% compared to 28% ± 14% in controls ( p = 0.026). Differences between the two study groups revealed no significant decrease in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity with hypocapnia. However, the differences between middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity during hyperventilation and CO2 inhalation were significantly different ( p = 0.004) comparing migraineurs and controls. Instability of the baseline blood flow velocities was also noted in migraineurs during the interictal period. Characteristics which may allow differentiation of migraineurs from other headache populations could possibly be obtained from transcranial Doppler ultrasound flow studies.
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44

Carvalho, C. F., M. C. Chammas, J. P. Andrade Neto, C. D. Jimenez, S. A. Diniz, and G. G. Cerri. "Transcranial duplex doppler ultrasonography in dogs with hydrocephalus." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 62, no. 1 (2010): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352010000100008.

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Transcranial duplex Doppler ultrasound was performed in 32 conscious dogs presenting ventriculomegaly detected in B-mode, obtaining measures of lateral ventricles and resistance parameters of main cerebral arteries before and after 30 days of clinical treatment. The animals were distributed divided in two groups: group 1, dogs that presented remission or decrease of the neurological signs of the disease after clinical therapy; and group 2, dogs that displayed worsening of the neurological signs or clinical stability. The data were all presented in tables and were submitted to paired t test and to logistic regression models to evaluate the influence of the RI reduction on both groups. There was no significant influence of the variables in the B-mode. After the treatment, the mean resistive index (RI) was significantly lower for the group that presented clinical improvement. There was no significant difference of the mean RI reduction for the same artery when the right and left sides were compared. It could be concluded that transcranial duplex Doppler ultrasound is a method of cerebral hemodynamic assessment able to monitor more precisely the treatment of hydrocephalus in dogs and verify the responses.
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Ismail, Anas, Aminu Abba Yusuf, Aisha Kuliya-Gwarzo, Sagir Gumel Ahmed, Abdulkadir Musa Tabari, and Shehi Ali Abubakar. "Correlating transcranial arterial Doppler velocities with haematologic parameters and haemolytic indices of Nigerian children with sickle cell anaemia." Ultrasound 27, no. 2 (2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742271x19836264.

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Introduction Cerebral vasculopathy, elevated transcranial Doppler velocities and stroke are linked to excessive intravascular haemolysis in sickle cell anaemia. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of abnormal blood flow velocities in children with sickle cell anaemia from Northern Nigeria using transcranial Doppler and to correlate transcranial Doppler velocities with haematological and biochemical markers of haemolysis. Methods Full blood count, reticulocyte count, fetal haemoglobin and some selected biochemical markers of haemolysis of 100 children with sickle cell anaemia were determined at steady state. The time-averaged mean of maximal velocities in four major intracranial blood vessels was measured using non-imaging transcranial Doppler, which were then classified according to the stroke prevention in sickle cell disease trial protocol. A simple linear correlation between time-averaged mean of maximal velocities in the four major intracranial vessels as the dependent variable and haematological and biochemical markers of haemolysis as independent variables was also determined at the significance level of 0.05. Results Abnormal transcranial Doppler velocities, classified as high risk, were found in 3% of the studied patients; 11% had intermediate risk while 84% had standard risk. Most high velocities were detected in the middle cerebral artery. The time-averaged mean of maximal velocities of middle cerebral artery positively correlated with total white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, platelet count, reticulocyte count, serum lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin, while it was negatively correlated with haematocrit and fetal haemoglobin levels. Conclusion Our study showed low prevalence of abnormal transcranial Doppler velocities and low prevalence is unrelated to low markers of haemolysis in our study population.
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Wang, Mei, Shihao You, Lina Mao, and Xianghui He. "Predictive Diagnosis of Neurological Function in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cerebral Arterial Stenosis by Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Imaging Information Technology." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 10, no. 9 (2020): 2181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2020.3166.

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Objective: The purpose of this experiment is to observe the clinical effect of transcranial ultrasound thrombolytic adjuvant therapy, and to provide clinical results for transcranial ultrasound thrombolytic therapy for atherosclerotic cerebral arterial stenosis. in accordance with. Methods: Collected in the Department of Neurology, Brain Hospital of our hospital within 24 hours after the onset from October 2012 to April 2014, DSA and/or MRA, CTA examination confirmed the existence of middle cerebral artery stenosis and evidence of cerebral atherosclerosis, 100 patients with narrow middle cerebral artery as the diagnostic criteria for cerebral infarction. Results: The positive rates of microemboli in the ultrasound thrombolysis group at 7 days and 14 days were 17.00% and 6.00% significantly lower than those in the drug treatment group at 67.00% and 8.30% (P < 0.05); the 7 days and 14 days of ultrasound thrombolysis treatment group Serum high-sensitivity (P < 0.05), and serum C-reactive protein levels in the ultrasound thrombolytic treatment group were significantly lower than those in the drug treatment group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Transcranial ultrasound thrombolytic adjuvant drug treatment can significantly promote the recovery of neurological function.
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47

Stafford, Madison B., Jennifer E. Bagley, and Dora DiGiacinto. "Comparison of Transthoracic Echocardiography, Transesophageal Echocardiography, and Transcranial Doppler in the Detection of Patent Foramen Ovale as the Etiology for Cryptogenic Stroke." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 35, no. 2 (2018): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479318816983.

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The correlation between cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale is high in young patients. Currently, transesophageal echocardiography is the gold standard for detection. However, it is invasive and limits Valsalva maneuvers. This article reviews the diagnostic accuracy of the three modalities: transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, and transcranial Doppler. The results suggest that transcranial Doppler sonography is an accurate, easily accessible procedure for detecting patent foramen ovale and should be considered an excellent alternative to transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography is still necessary for patients who require treatment. The combination of transcranial Doppler and transesophageal echocardiography provides the highest level of information regarding the complete diagnosis of patent foramen ovales.
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Professor, David Russell, and Rainer Brucher Professor. "MULTIFREQUENCY DOPPLER DISCRIMINATES BETWEEN GASEOUS AND SOLID MICROEMBOLI." Stroke 32, suppl_1 (2001): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/str.32.suppl_1.335-e.

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110 Introduction: Although cerebral microemboli may be detected using transcranial Doppler, it is at present extremely difficult to determine if they are composed of gaseous or solid elements. Theoretically this is possible by insonating an embolus simultaneously with two different ultrasound frequencies since the reflected ultrasound power will differ for each frequency depending on embolus type. Methods: The Doppler instrumentation used in this study discriminates between solid and gaseous microemboli by insonating them simultaneously with 2.0 and 2.5 MHz frequencies. In the experimental part of the study 61 solid (50–80 μm plastic) and 45 gaseous (15–30 μm) microemboli were introduced into a pulsatile closed-loop system. Five prosthetic heart valve patients and 10 carotid artery stenosis patients took part in the clinical studies. Results : In the experimental study analysis of the reflected Doppler power for the two different ultrasound frequencies showed correct differentiation between solid (N = 61) and gaseous (N = 45) microemboli for 95% of the microembolic events. Four hundred microemboli in the 5 prosthetic heart valve patients and 20 microemboli in the 10 carotid stenosis patients were analysed. In the prosthetic heart valve patients 344 (86%) were gaseous and 56 (14%) solid whereas all 20 (100%) microemboli in the carotid stenosis patients were solid. Conclusions: These studies have shown that it is now possible to discriminate between solid and gaseous cerebral microemboli using multifrequency transcranial Doppler monitoring.
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Stember, J. N., K. L. Terilli, E. Perez, et al. "Surface Point Cloud Ultrasound with Transcranial Doppler: Coregistration of Surface Point Cloud Ultrasound with Magnetic Resonance Angiography for Improved Reproducibility, Visualization, and Navigation in Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound." Journal of Digital Imaging 33, no. 4 (2020): 930–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10278-020-00328-y.

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50

Huang, Yicheng, Junyan Peng, Rong Mi, Zhenxing Yang, Linquan Zhu, and Ping Li. "Clinical Application of Transcranial Color Doppler Ultrasound in Carotid Endarterectomy." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 2 (2021): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3334.

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Ischemic cerebrovascular diseases are important duet to the high incidence, disability, mortality, and recurrence. Intracranial arterial stenosis caused by atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, convenient, non-invasive, cheap and accurate screening methods have become the goal of everyone's joint efforts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of transcranial Doppler in judging arterial stenosis, and to explore the best cut-off point for assessing the blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery disease and the compensation of the posterior branch of middle cerebral artery disease. Using retrospective analysis, binomial logistic regression analysis was performed on risk factors related to ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The 60 patients with intracranial stenosis were selected for TCD (Transcranial Color Doppler) and CTA (Computed Tomography Angiography) examinations within one week of onset. CTA was used as the diagnostic criterion to analyze the accuracy of TCD in the diagnosis of intracranial arterial disease. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff point of blood flow velocity for MCA (Middle Cerebral Artery) lesions. TCD has high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of intracranial arterial disease, and it can be widely used in clinic as a simple, convenient and cheap diagnostic method for screening intracranial arterial stenosis.
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