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Journal articles on the topic 'Transcriptional activator-like effector'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Kim, Jung-Gun, and Mary Beth Mudgett. "Tomato bHLH132 Transcription Factor Controls Growth and Defense and Is Activated by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria Effector XopD During Pathogenesis." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, no. 12 (2019): 1614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-19-0122-r.

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Effector-dependent manipulation of host transcription is a key virulence mechanism used by Xanthomonas species causing bacterial spot disease in tomato and pepper. Transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors employ novel DNA-binding domains to directly activate host transcription, whereas the non-TAL effector XopD uses a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protease activity to represses host transcription. The targets of TAL and non-TAL effectors provide insight to the genes governing susceptibility and resistance during Xanthomonas infection. In this study, we investigated the extent to whi

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Ma, Wenbo, Yuanchao Wang, and John McDowell. "Focus on Effector-Triggered Susceptibility." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, no. 1 (2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-11-17-0275-le.

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Effector biology exhibits diversity at every level. Effector proteins play key roles in the molecular interplay between plants and plant-associated organisms, and effector biology remains one of the most active areas in the research field of molecular plant-microbe interactions. Using effectors as probes, much has been learned about pathogen virulence and host immunity, which has broad implications in developing disease-resistant crops that are essential for global food security. Thus, the MPMI Editorial Board is publishing this Focus Issue to showcase recent progress in this area. Additional

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Zhan, Jun, Maria Johnson Irudayam, Yukio Nakamura, Ryo Kurita, and Arthur W. Nienhuis. "High level of fetal-globin reactivation by designed transcriptional activator-like effector." Blood Advances 4, no. 4 (2020): 687–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000482.

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Abstract The fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch has been a focus of a long-standing effort to potentially treat sickle cell disease and β thalassemia by induction of fetal hemoglobin. In a continuation of this effort, we designed specific transcriptional activator-like effectors (TALEs) to target both the Gγ and Aγ-globin promoters. We fused the TALEs to a LIM domain binding protein (Ldb1) dimerization domain, followed by a T2A green fluorescent protein (GFP) cassette, which were assembled into a lentiviral vector. To prevent deletions caused by the repeats of TALEs during the lentivirus packing

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Shen, D. K., D. Filopon, L. Kuhn, B. Polack, and B. Toussaint. "PsrA Is a Positive Transcriptional Regulator of the Type III Secretion System in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 2 (2006): 1121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.2.1121-1129.2006.

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ABSTRACT The type III secretion system (TTSS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is induced in vivo upon contact with eukaryotic cells and in vitro by calcium depletion in culture medium. We have observed a previously identified protein, PsrA, necessary for full activation of TTSS gene expression in P. aeruginosa. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that recombinant PsrA could bind to the exsCEBA promoter region. A mutant with a deletion in the psrA gene was constructed. Using transcriptional fusions, we demonstrated that PsrA is required for the full activation of transcription of the TTSS re

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5

Li, Yu-Rong, Yi-Zhou Che, Hua-Song Zou, et al. "Hpa2 Required by HrpF To Translocate Xanthomonas oryzae Transcriptional Activator-Like Effectors into Rice for Pathogenicity." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 11 (2011): 3809–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02849-10.

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ABSTRACTXanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzicola, the causative agent of bacterial leaf streak, injects a plethora of effectors through the type III secretion system (T3SS) into rice cells to cause disease. The T3SS, encoded by thehrpgenes, is essential for the pathogen to elicit the hypersensitive response (HR) in nonhost tobacco and for pathogenicity in host rice. Whether or not a putative lytic transglycosylase, Hpa2, interacts with a translocon protein, HrpF, to facilitate bacterial pathogenicity remains unknown. Here we demonstrated that both thehpa2andhrpFgenes are required for the pathogenicity

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Ferguson, Carolyn, Matthew McKay, R. Adron Harris, and Gregg E. Homanics. "Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) knockout rats produced by transcriptional activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-mediated gene inactivation." Alcohol 47, no. 8 (2013): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2013.09.043.

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7

Ji, Zhi-Yuan, Muhammad Zakria, Li-Fang Zou, et al. "Genetic Diversity of Transcriptional Activator-Like Effector Genes in Chinese Isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola." Phytopathology® 104, no. 7 (2014): 672–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-08-13-0232-r.

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Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola causes bacterial leaf streak (BLS), a devastating disease of rice in Asia countries. X. oryzae pv. oryzicola utilizes repertoires of transcriptional activator-like effectors (TALEs) to manipulate host resistance or susceptibility; thus, TALEs can determine the outcome of BLS. In this report, we studied genetic diversity in putative tale genes of 65 X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strains that originated from nine provinces of southern China. Genomic DNAs from the 65 strains were digested with BamHI and hybridized with an internal fragment of avrXa3, a tale gene origina

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García-Cano, Elena, Hagit Hak, Shimpei Magori, Sondra G. Lazarowitz, and Vitaly Citovsky. "The Agrobacterium F-Box Protein Effector VirF Destabilizes the Arabidopsis GLABROUS1 Enhancer/Binding Protein-Like Transcription Factor VFP4, a Transcriptional Activator of Defense Response Genes." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, no. 5 (2018): 576–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-07-17-0188-fi.

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Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation not only represents a technology of choice to genetically manipulate plants, but it also serves as a model system to study mechanisms employed by invading pathogens to counter the myriad defenses mounted against them by the host cell. Here, we uncover a new layer of plant defenses that is targeted by A. tumefaciens to facilitate infection. We show that the Agrobacterium F-box effector VirF, which is exported into the host cell, recognizes an Arabidopsis transcription factor VFP4 and targets it for proteasomal degradation. We hypothesize that VFP4 r

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Read, Andrew C., Mathilde Hutin, Matthew J. Moscou, Fabio C. Rinaldi, and Adam J. Bogdanove. "Cloning of the Rice Xo1 Resistance Gene and Interaction of the Xo1 Protein with the Defense-Suppressing Xanthomonas Effector Tal2h." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 33, no. 10 (2020): 1189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-20-0131-sc.

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The Xo1 locus in the heirloom rice variety Carolina Gold Select confers resistance to bacterial leaf streak and bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola and X. oryzae pv. oryzae, respectively. Resistance is triggered by pathogen-delivered transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) independent of their ability to activate transcription and is suppressed by truncated variants called truncTALEs, common among Asian strains. By transformation of the susceptible variety Nipponbare, we show that one of 14 nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein genes at the locus

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Yang, Feng-Juan, Li-Li Cheng, Ling Zhang, et al. "Y4lO of Rhizobium sp. Strain NGR234 Is a Symbiotic Determinant Required for Symbiosome Differentiation." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 3 (2008): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01404-08.

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ABSTRACT Type 3 (T3) effector proteins, secreted by nitrogen-fixing rhizobia with a bacterial T3 secretion system, affect the nodulation of certain host legumes. The open reading frame y4lO of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 encodes a protein with sequence similarities to T3 effectors from pathogenic bacteria (the YopJ effector family). Transcription studies showed that the promoter activity of y4lO depended on the transcriptional activator TtsI. Recombinant Y4lO protein expressed in Escherichia coli did not acetylate two representative mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (human MKK6 and MKK1

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Xu, Xingbo, Melanie S. Hulshoff, Xiaoying Tan, Michael Zeisberg, and Elisabeth M. Zeisberg. "CRISPR/Cas Derivatives as Novel Gene Modulating Tools: Possibilities and In Vivo Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (2020): 3038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093038.

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The field of genome editing started with the discovery of meganucleases (e.g., the LAGLIDADG family of homing endonucleases) in yeast. After the discovery of transcription activator-like effector nucleases and zinc finger nucleases, the recently discovered clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated proteins (Cas) system has opened a new window of applications in the field of gene editing. Here, we review different Cas proteins and their corresponding features including advantages and disadvantages, and we provide an overview of the different endonuclea

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Becskei, Attila. "Tuning up Transcription Factors for Therapy." Molecules 25, no. 8 (2020): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25081902.

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The recent developments in the delivery and design of transcription factors put their therapeutic applications within reach, exemplified by cell replacement, cancer differentiation and T-cell based cancer therapies. The success of such applications depends on the efficacy and precision in the action of transcription factors. The biophysical and genetic characterization of the paradigmatic prokaryotic repressors, LacI and TetR and the designer transcription factors, transcription activator-like effector (TALE) and CRISPR-dCas9 revealed common principles behind their efficacy, which can aid the

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Xu, Tao, Yongchao Li, Joy D. Van Nostrand, Zhili He, and Jizhong Zhou. "Cas9-Based Tools for Targeted Genome Editing and Transcriptional Control." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 5 (2014): 1544–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03786-13.

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ABSTRACTDevelopment of tools for targeted genome editing and regulation of gene expression has significantly expanded our ability to elucidate the mechanisms of interesting biological phenomena and to engineer desirable biological systems. Recent rapid progress in the study of a clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein system in bacteria has facilitated the development of newly facile and programmable platforms for genome editing and transcriptional control in a sequence-specific manner. The core RNA-guided Cas9 endonuclease in the type

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Schwartz, Allison R., Robert Morbitzer, Thomas Lahaye, and Brian J. Staskawicz. "TALE-induced bHLH transcription factors that activate a pectate lyase contribute to water soaking in bacterial spot of tomato." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 5 (2017): E897—E903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1620407114.

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AvrHah1 [avirulence (avr) gene homologous to avrBs3 and hax2, no. 1] is a transcription activator-like (TAL) effector (TALE) inXanthomonas gardnerithat induces water-soaked disease lesions on fruits and leaves during bacterial spot of tomato. We observe that water from outside the leaf is drawn into the apoplast inX. gardneri-infected, but notX. gardneriΔavrHah1(XgΔavrHah1)-infected, plants, conferring a dark, water-soaked appearance. The pull of water can facilitate entry of additional bacterial cells into the apoplast. Comparing the transcriptomes of tomato infected withX. gardnerivs.XgΔavrH

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Geel, T. M., M. H. J. Ruiters, R. H. Cool, et al. "The past and presence of gene targeting: from chemicals and DNA via proteins to RNA." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1748 (2018): 20170077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0077.

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The ability to target DNA specifically at any given position within the genome allows many intriguing possibilities and has inspired scientists for decades. Early gene-targeting efforts exploited chemicals or DNA oligonucleotides to interfere with the DNA at a given location in order to inactivate a gene or to correct mutations. We here describe an example towards correcting a genetic mutation underlying Pompe's disease using a nucleotide-fused nuclease (TFO-MunI). In addition to the promise of gene correction, scientists soon realized that genes could be inactivated or even re-activated witho

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Kuzmina, Y. V. "Methods of genome editing for increasing the shelf life of tomato fruit." Plant Biotechnology and Breeding 3, no. 1 (2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2020-1-o6.

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Genome editing methods are now widely used in research aimed at studying fundamental biological processes, in particular for regulating maturation and extending shelf life of plant agricultural products. This review briefly discusses plant genome editing methods and examples of their successful application for increasing the storage life of fruits of tomato as one of the most important crops. Genome editing is one of the new areas of genetic engineering that is truly revolutionary in biotechnology. Various genome editing systems have been developed over the past decades: zinc finger nucleases

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Ahmed, Temoor, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Shahid, et al. "Potential Application of CRISPR/Cas9 System to Engineer Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants." Protein & Peptide Letters 28, no. 8 (2021): 861–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866528666210218220138.

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Abiotic stresses in plants such as salinity, drought, heavy metal toxicity, heat, and nutrients limitations significantly reduce agricultural production worldwide. The genome editing techniques such as transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) have been used for genome manipulations in plants. However, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technique has recently emerged as a promising tool for genome editing in plants to acquire desirable traits. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has a great

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Koumenis, Constantinos, Rodolfo Alarcon, Ester Hammond, et al. "Regulation of p53 by Hypoxia: Dissociation of Transcriptional Repression and Apoptosis from p53-Dependent Transactivation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 4 (2001): 1297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.4.1297-1310.2001.

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ABSTRACT Hypoxic stress, like DNA damage, induces p53 protein accumulation and p53-dependent apoptosis in oncogenically transformed cells. Unlike DNA damage, hypoxia does not induce p53-dependent cell cycle arrest, suggesting that p53 activity is differentially regulated by these two stresses. Here we report that hypoxia induces p53 protein accumulation, but in contrast to DNA damage, hypoxia fails to induce endogenous downstream p53 effector mRNAs and proteins. Hypoxia does not inhibit the induction of p53 target genes by ionizing radiation, indicating that p53-dependent transactivation requi

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Nargesi, Sanaz, Saeed Kaboli, Jose Thekkiniath, et al. "Recent Advances in Genome Editing Tools in Medical Mycology Research." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 4 (2021): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7040257.

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Manipulating fungal genomes is an important tool to understand the function of target genes, pathobiology of fungal infections, virulence potential, and pathogenicity of medically important fungi, and to develop novel diagnostics and therapeutic targets. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in genetic manipulation techniques used in the field of medical mycology. Fungi use several strategies to cope with stress and adapt themselves against environmental effectors. For instance, mutations in the 14 alpha-demethylase gene may result in azole resistance in Aspergillusfumigatus strains

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Yang, Soo-Jin, Kelly C. Rice, Raquel J. Brown, et al. "A LysR-Type Regulator, CidR, Is Required for Induction of the Staphylococcus aureus cidABC Operon." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 17 (2005): 5893–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.17.5893-5900.2005.

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ABSTRACT The Staphylococcus aureus cidABC and lrgAB operons have been shown to regulate murein hydrolase activity and affect antibiotic tolerance. The cid operon enhances murein hydrolase activity and antibiotic sensitivity, whereas the lrg operon inhibits these processes. Based on these findings and the structural similarities of the cidA and lrgA gene products to the bacteriophage holin family of proteins, we have proposed that the cid and lrg operons encode holin- and antiholin-like proteins, respectively, that function to control the murein hydrolase activity produced by the bacteria. Anal

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Lessing, D., and R. Nusse. "Expression of wingless in the Drosophila embryo: a conserved cis-acting element lacking conserved Ci-binding sites is required for patched-mediated repression." Development 125, no. 8 (1998): 1469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.8.1469.

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Patterning of the Drosophila embryo depends on the accurate expression of wingless (wg), which encodes a secreted signal required for segmentation and many other processes. Early expression of wg is regulated by the nuclear proteins of the gap and pair-rule gene classes but, after gastrulation, wg transcription is also dependent on cell-cell communication. Signaling to the Wg-producing cells is mediated by the secreted protein, Hedgehog (Hh), and by Cubitus interruptus (Ci), a transcriptional effector of the Hh signal transduction pathway. The transmembrane protein Patched (Ptc) acts as a nega

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Ye, Gang, Ni Hong, Li-Fang Zou, et al. "tale-Based Genetic Diversity of Chinese Isolates of the Citrus Canker Pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri." Plant Disease 97, no. 9 (2013): 1187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-12-1201-re.

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Pathotype A of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, the cause of citrus bacterial canker (CBC), is assumed to have originated in southern China. PthA, a type III secreted transcriptional activator-like effector (TALE), is a major pathogenicity determinant in X. citri subsp. citri. To investigate the diversity of X. citri subsp. citri in China, genomic and plasmid DNA of 105 X. citri subsp. citri isolates, collected from nine citrus-growing provinces of China, were digested by BamHI and hybridized with an internal repeat region of pthA. Strains were classified into 14 different genotypes (designated

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Plewes, Michele R., Xiaoying Hou, Pan Zhang, et al. "Yes-associated protein 1 is required for proliferation and function of bovine granulosa cells in vitro†." Biology of Reproduction 101, no. 5 (2019): 1001–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioz139.

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Abstract Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a major component of the Hippo signaling pathway. Although the exact extracellular signals that control the Hippo pathway are currently unknown, increasing evidence supports a critical role for the Hippo pathway in embryonic development, regulation of organ size, and carcinogenesis. Granulosa cells (GCs) within the ovarian follicle proliferate and produce steroids and growth factors, which facilitate the growth of follicle and maturation of the oocyte. We hypothesize that YAP1 plays a role in proliferation and estrogen secretion of GCs. In the curren

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Ghribi, Manel, Serge Basile Nouemssi, Fatma Meddeb-Mouelhi, and Isabel Desgagné-Penix. "Genome Editing by CRISPR-Cas: A Game Change in the Genetic Manipulation of Chlamydomonas." Life 10, no. 11 (2020): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10110295.

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Microalgae are promising photosynthetic unicellular eukaryotes among the most abundant on the planet and are considered as alternative sustainable resources for various industrial applications. Chlamydomonas is an emerging model for microalgae to be manipulated by multiple biotechnological tools in order to produce high-value bioproducts such as biofuels, bioactive peptides, pigments, nutraceuticals, and medicines. Specifically, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has become a subject of different genetic-editing techniques adapted to modulate the production of microalgal metabolites. The main nuclear g

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Wonni, I., B. Cottyn, L. Detemmerman, et al. "Analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola Population in Mali and Burkina Faso Reveals a High Level of Genetic and Pathogenic Diversity." Phytopathology® 104, no. 5 (2014): 520–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-13-0213-r.

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Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola was first reported in Africa in the 1980s. Recently, a substantial reemergence of this disease was observed in West Africa. Samples were collected at various sites in five and three different rice-growing regions of Burkina Faso and Mali, respectively. Sixty-seven X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strains were isolated from cultivated and wild rice varieties and from weeds showing BLS symptoms. X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strains were evaluated for virulence on rice and showed high variation in lesion length on a susceptible cultivar. X.

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Zhang, Zhongjie, Baolong Niu, Dongfeng Ji, et al. "Silkworm genetic sexing through W chromosome-linked, targeted gene integration." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 35 (2018): 8752–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810945115.

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Sex separation methods are critical for genetic sexing systems in commercial insect production and sterile insect techniques. Integration of selectable marker genes into a sex chromosome is particularly useful in insects with a heterogametic sex determination system. Here, we describe targeted gene integration of fluorescent marker expression cassettes into a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker region in the W chromosome of the lepidopteran model insect Bombyx mori using transcriptional activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)–mediated genome editing. This silkworm strain shows ub

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Ahmar, Sunny, Sumbul Saeed, Muhammad Hafeez Ullah Khan, et al. "A Revolution toward Gene-Editing Technology and Its Application to Crop Improvement." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16 (2020): 5665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165665.

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Genome editing is a relevant, versatile, and preferred tool for crop improvement, as well as for functional genomics. In this review, we summarize the advances in gene-editing techniques, such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like (TAL) effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated with the Cas9 and Cpf1 proteins. These tools support great opportunities for the future development of plant science and rapid remodeling of crops. Furthermore, we discuss the brief history of each tool and provide their compari

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Kahng, Hyung-Yeel, Armando M. Byrne, Ronald H. Olsen, and Jerome J. Kukor. "Characterization and Role of tbuX in Utilization of Toluene by Ralstonia pickettii PKO1." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 5 (2000): 1232–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.5.1232-1242.2000.

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ABSTRACT The tbu regulon of Ralstonia pickettii PKO1 encodes enzymes involved in the catabolism of toluene, benzene, and related alkylaromatic hydrocarbons. The first operon in this regulon contains genes that encode the tbu pathway's initial catabolic enzyme, toluene-3-monooxygenase, as well as TbuT, the NtrC-like transcriptional activator for the entire regulon. It has been previously shown that the organization of tbuT, which is located immediately downstream of tbuA1UBVA2C, and the associated promoter (PtbuA1) is unique in that it results in a cascade type of up-regulation of tbuT in respo

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Boddicker, Jennifer D., and Bradley D. Jones. "Lon Protease Activity Causes Down-Regulation of Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 Invasion Gene Expression after Infection of Epithelial Cells." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 4 (2004): 2002–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.4.2002-2013.2004.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and a typhoid-like disease in mice that serves as a model for typhoid infections in humans. A critical step in Salmonella pathogenesis is the invasion of enterocytes and M cells of the small intestine via expression of a type III secretion system, encoded on Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), that secretes effector proteins into host cells, leading to engulfment of the bacteria within large membrane ruffles. The in vitro regulation of invasion genes has been the subject of much scientific in

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Vermersch, Eva, Charlène Jouve, and Jean-Sébastien Hulot. "CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing strategies in cardiovascular cells." Cardiovascular Research 116, no. 5 (2019): 894–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvz250.

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Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and considered as a leading public health issue. Therefore, there is a strong need for new disease models to support the development of novel therapeutics approaches. The successive improvement of genome editing tools with zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and more recently with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) has enabled the generation of genetically modified cells and orga

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Wen, Luan, та Yun-Bo Shi. "Unliganded Thyroid Hormone Receptor α Controls Developmental Timing in Xenopus tropicalis". Endocrinology 156, № 2 (2014): 721–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2014-1439.

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Thyroid hormone (T3) affects adult metabolism and postembryonic development in vertebrates. T3 functions mainly via binding to its receptors (TRs) to regulate gene expression. There are 2 TR genes, TRα and TRβ, with TRα more ubiquitously expressed. During development, TRα expression appears earlier than T3 synthesis and secretion into the plasma. This and the ability of TRs to regulate gene expression both in the presence and absence of T3 have indicated a role for unliganded TR during vertebrate development. On the other hand, it has been difficult to study the role of unliganded TR during de

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Xu, Jian, Daniel E. Bauer, Cong Peng, Elenoe C. Smith, and Stuart H. Orkin. "Identification Of BCL11A Structure-Function Domains For Fetal Hemoglobin Silencing." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.435.435.

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Abstract Reactivation of fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2γ2) expression in adults ameliorates the clinical symptoms in patients with the major β-hemoglobin disorders, sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemias. The zinc-finger protein BCL11A is a major modulator of hemoglobin switching and HbF silencing. BCL11A was initially identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as a new HbF-associated gene. Down-regulation of BCL11A in primary human erythroid cells induces HbF expression. Knockout of BCL11A in mice impairs HbF silencing in adult erythroid cells. Most importantly, inactivation of BCL

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Van Eck, Joyce. "Applying gene editing to tailor precise genetic modifications in plants." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 38 (2020): 13267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.rev120.010850.

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The ability to tailor alterations in genomes, including plant genomes, in a site-specific manner has been greatly advanced through approaches that reduced the complexity and time of genome sequencing along with development of gene editing technologies. These technologies provide a valuable foundation for studies of gene function, metabolic engineering, and trait modification for crop improvement. Development of genome editing methodologies began ∼20 years ago, first with meganucleases and followed by zinc finger nucleases, transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases and, most recently, c

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Poli, Alessandro, Shidqiyyah Abdul-Hamid, Antonio Enrico Zaurito, et al. "PIP4Ks impact on PI3K, FOXP3, and UHRF1 signaling and modulate human regulatory T cell proliferation and immunosuppressive activity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 31 (2021): e2010053118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010053118.

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Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play fundamental roles in maintaining peripheral tolerance to prevent autoimmunity and limit legitimate immune responses, a feature hijacked in tumor microenvironments in which the recruitment of Tregs often extinguishes immune surveillance through suppression of T-effector cell signaling and tumor cell killing. The pharmacological tuning of Treg activity without impacting on T conventional (Tconv) cell activity would likely be beneficial in the treatment of various human pathologies. PIP4K2A, 2B, and 2C constitute a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate PtdIns5

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Kawata, Viviane, Adam Wilkinson, Xuefei Gau, et al. "Perturbing haematopoietic transcription factor networks and cell fate decisions using transcriptional activator-like effectors." Experimental Hematology 41, no. 8 (2013): S71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exphem.2013.05.277.

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Sanjana, Neville E., Le Cong, Yang Zhou, Margaret M. Cunniff, Guoping Feng, and Feng Zhang. "A transcription activator-like effector toolbox for genome engineering." Nature Protocols 7, no. 1 (2012): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2011.431.

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Wang, Yu, Nana Fan, Jun Song, et al. "Generation of knockout rabbits using transcription activator-like effector nucleases." Cell Regeneration 3, no. 1 (2014): 3:3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2045-9769-3-3.

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Lonzarić, Jan, Tina Lebar, Andreja Majerle, Mateja Manček-Keber, and Roman Jerala. "Locked and proteolysis-based transcription activator-like effector (TALE) regulation." Nucleic Acids Research 44, no. 3 (2016): 1471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv1541.

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Ménoret, Séverine, Laurent Tesson, Séverine Rémy, et al. "Gene targeting in rats using transcription activator-like effector nucleases." Methods 69, no. 1 (2014): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.02.027.

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Singh. "TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR-LIKE EFFECTOR NUCLEASES-AMAZING TOOL FOR GENOME EDITING." OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 13, no. 3 (2013): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2013.91.94.

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Zhang, Yong, Feng Zhang, Xiaohong Li, et al. "Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases Enable Efficient Plant Genome Engineering." Plant Physiology 161, no. 1 (2012): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.205179.

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Moore, Richard, Anita Chandrahas, and Leonidas Bleris. "Transcription Activator-like Effectors: A Toolkit for Synthetic Biology." ACS Synthetic Biology 3, no. 10 (2014): 708–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/sb400137b.

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Erkes, Annett, Maik Reschke, Jens Boch, and Jan Grau. "Evolution of Transcription Activator-Like Effectors in Xanthomonas oryzae." Genome Biology and Evolution 9, no. 6 (2017): 1599–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evx108.

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Juillerat, Alexandre, Gwendoline Dubois, Julien Valton, et al. "Comprehensive analysis of the specificity of transcription activator-like effector nucleases." Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 8 (2014): 5390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku155.

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Copeland, Matthew F., Mark C. Politz, Charles B. Johnson, Andrew L. Markley, and Brian F. Pfleger. "A transcription activator–like effector (TALE) induction system mediated by proteolysis." Nature Chemical Biology 12, no. 4 (2016): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.2021.

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Owens, Jesse B., Damiano Mauro, Ilko Stoytchev, et al. "Transcription activator like effector (TALE)-directed piggyBac transposition in human cells." Nucleic Acids Research 41, no. 19 (2013): 9197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt677.

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Jin, Lian, Yan Deng, Nongyue He, Lijun Wang, and Mengling Weng. "Polyethylenimine-Mediated CCR5 Gene Knockout Using Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 14, no. 3 (2018): 546–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2018.2545.

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Scott, James N. F., Adam P. Kupinski, and Joan Boyes. "Targeted genome regulation and modification using transcription activator-like effectors." FEBS Journal 281, no. 20 (2014): 4583–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.12973.

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Lebar, Tina, Anže Verbič, Ajasja Ljubetič, and Roman Jerala. "Polarized displacement by transcription activator-like effectors for regulatory circuits." Nature Chemical Biology 15, no. 1 (2018): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41589-018-0163-8.

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Geiger-Schuller, Kathryn, and Doug Barrick. "Broken TALEs: Transcription Activator-like Effectors Populate Partly Folded States." Biophysical Journal 111, no. 11 (2016): 2395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.10.013.

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