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Journal articles on the topic 'Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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1

Vielvove-Kerkmeer, A. P. E., N. J. F. Ruigrok, and M. N. van der Kaaden. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)." Pain 30 (1987): S369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(87)91794-5.

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2

Witkoś, Joanna, and Jan Budziosz. "Changes of sensory and pain threshold after transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation – TENS." BÓL 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0483.

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Non-invasive electrotherapy it is a safe way to use electric current in physical therapy to treat pain related to musculoskeletal diseases. Electrotherapy mediated analgesia results from stimulation of pain inhibiting receptors activity increase as well endogenous opioids secretion rise. Physical therapy applies different modalities to ease the pain whereas transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is one of them. The aim of this study was assessment of impact of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on sensory threshold and threshold of pain. Study included 33 females and 30 males, healthy volonteers aged 21–25 years. In participants single convectional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was performed. Sensory and pain threshold were assessed before stimulation, immediately after stimulation and in 15th and 30th minute after stimulation. Measurements were performed with PainMatcher device. The results have proved that single convectional TENS leads to sensory threshold decrease and increase of pain threshold. The research confirms positive effects of TENS in antinociceptic processes.
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3

Waller-Wise, Renece. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation." Journal of Perinatal Education 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/j-pe-d-20-00035.

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Pain and its management hold a central place in health care. The pain associated with pregnancy and giving birth is unique in that it is a normal, physiologic phenomenon that is affected by cultural mores, personal experience, and internalized sensations. There are numerous nonpharmacologic tools available to treat discomfort during pregnancy and childbirth. Some methods of nonpharmacologic relief are underutilized, due to the lack of knowledge of the evidence. Childbirth educators, doulas, nurses, and midwives are a prime source of knowledge for birthing families to learn a variety of comfort techniques during pregnancy and labor. The purpose of this article is to discuss the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as a nonpharmacologic comfort technique.
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4

Reeve, Janis, Devidas Menon, and Paula Corabian. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): A Technology Assessment." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 12, no. 2 (1996): 299–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646230000965x.

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AbstractThe scientific evidence for clinical effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for treatment of acute, chronic, and labor and delivery pain is assessed in this paper, and it is concluded that there is little evidence for other than a limited use of TENS. The utilization of TENS in Canadian hospitals and payments for TENS services are addressed. Some practicalities regarding the use and assessment of health technologies are discussed.
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5

Rizqi, Amalia Solichati. "TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) AFFECTING PAIN TRESHOLD." LINK 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/link.v14i2.3775.

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6

Marren, P., D. de Berker, and S. Powell. "Methacrylate sensitivity and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)." Contact Dermatitis 25, no. 3 (September 1991): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01828.x.

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7

Mannheimer, C., C.-A. Carlsson, A. Vedin, and C. Wilhelmsson. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in angina pectoris." International Journal of Cardiology 7, no. 1 (January 1985): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5273(85)90183-4.

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8

Disselhoff, B. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in neuropathic pain." Pain Clinic 12, no. 2 (June 2000): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856900750229960.

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9

Russell, I. Jon. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation [TENS] for Muscle Pain." Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain 13, no. 2 (January 2005): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j094v13n02_01.

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10

&NA;. "TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) IN ISCHEMIC TISSUE." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 81, no. 5 (May 1988): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198805000-00052.

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11

Mulder, Peter, Ellen C. Dompeling, Janny C. van Slochteren-van der Boor, Wietze D. Kuipers, and Andries J. Smit. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in Raynaud's Phenomenon." Angiology 42, no. 5 (May 1991): 414–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000331979104200510.

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12

Mannheimer, Clas, Carl-Axel Carlsson, Anders Vedin, and Clas Wilhelmsson. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in angina pectoris." Pain 26, no. 3 (September 1986): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(86)90058-8.

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13

Sherry, Julie E., Kristin M. Oehrlein, Kristin S. Hegge, and Barbara J. Morgan. "Effect of Burst-Mode Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Peripheral Vascular Resistance." Physical Therapy 81, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 1183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.6.1183.

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Abstract Background and Purpose. Based on changes in skin temperature alone, some authors have proposed that postganglionic sympathetic vasoconstrictor fibers can be stimulated transcutaneously. Our goal was to determine the effects of low-frequency (2 bursts per second), burst-mode transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on calf vascular resistance, a more direct marker of sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow than skin temperature, in subjects with no known pathology. Subjects. Fourteen women and 6 men (mean age=31 years, SD=13, range=18–58) participated in this study. Methods. Calf blood flow, arterial pressure, and skin temperature were measured while TENS was applied over the common peroneal and tibial nerves. Results. Blood flow immediately following stimulation was not affected by TENS applied just under or just above the threshold for muscle contraction. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation applied at 25% above the motor threshold caused a transient increase in calf blood flow. Regardless of stimulation intensity, TENS had no effect on arterial pressure; therefore, calf vascular resistance decreased only during the trial that was 25% above the motor threshold. Regardless of stimulation intensity, TENS failed to alter dorsal or plantar skin temperature. Discussion and Conclusion. These results demonstrate that the effects of TENS on circulation depend on stimulation intensity. When the intensity was sufficient to cause a moderate muscle contraction, a transient, local increase in blood flow occurred. Cooling of the dorsal and plantar skin occurred in both the stimulated and control legs, most likely because skin temperature acclimatized to ambient room temperature, rather than because of any effect of TENS on circulation. The data, therefore, call into question the idea that postganglionic sympathetic efferent fibers are stimulated when TENS is applied at clinically relevant intensities to people without symptoms of cardiovascular or neuromuscular pathology.
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14

Sowa, Magdalena, Katarzyna Ciechanowska, and Iwona Głowacka. "Zastosowanie elektroterapii TENS w łagodzeniu bólu porodowego / Application of TENS electrotherapy in alleviating labour pain." Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pielxxiw-2016-0020.

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Abstract Introduction. Easing labour pain is an extremely important issue in obstetric practice. Various physiotherapy methods are increasingly often applied in obstetric practice. Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) aiming at central and peripheral modulation of pain sensation is one of them.Aim. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) on easing labour pain.Summary. The TENS method is regarded as effective since it increases both the pain threshold and secretion of endogenous opioids. Non-pharmacological methods of pain management during labour, including electrotherapy TENS methods are safe and can be used in most patients.
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15

Johnson, Mark. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Mechanisms, Clinical Application and Evidence." Reviews in Pain 1, no. 1 (August 2007): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/204946370700100103.

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• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive, inexpensive, self-administered technique to relieve pain. • There are few side effects and no potential for overdose so patients can titrate the treatment as required. • TENS techniques include conventional TENS, acupuncture-like TENS and intense TENS. In general, conventional TENS is used in the first instance. • The purpose of conventional TENS is to selectively activate large diameter non-noxious afferents (A-beta) to reduce nociceptor cell activity and sensitization at a segmental level in the central nervous system. • Pain relief with conventional TENS is rapid in onset and offset and is maximal when the patient experiences a strong but non-painful paraesthesia beneath the electrodes. Therefore, patients may need to administer TENS throughout the day. • Clinical experience suggests that TENS may be beneficial as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for acute pain although systematic reviews are conflicting. Clinical experience and systematic reviews suggest that TENS is beneficial for chronic pain.
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16

Hartung, E., R. Buhl, and R. Goepel. "Experience with transcutaneous-electrica nerve stimulation (TENS)." Pain 30 (1987): S367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(87)91789-1.

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17

Rafika Ulandari and Rina Puspitasari. "Pengaruh Pemberian Terapi Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Tens) Terhadap Pengurangan Nyeri Pada Pasien Lansia Dengan Low Back Pain Di Fisioterapi Rumah Sakit An-Nisa Tangerang Tahun 2020." Jurnal Health Sains 1, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/jhs.v1i3.33.

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Salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh lansia adalah gangguan sistem muskuloskeletal dengan “Low Back Pain” (LPB). Berfokus pada modalitas elektroterapi yang dapat memproduksi berbagai jenis gelombang elektronik untuk meredakan rasa nyeri, termasuk pada kasus LBP. Beberapa review elektroterapi yang berbasis bukti menemukan bahwa terapi dengan Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) bermanfaat pada beberapa pasien dengan LBP. Terlepas dari adanya bukti mengenai manfaat dari terapi TENS untuk kasus LBP, TENS merupakan modalitas yang sering diberikan pada kasus LBP dikarenakan tingginya permintaan terhadap intervensi nonfarmakologis yang non invasif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh pemberian terapi Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) terhadap pengurangan nyeri pada pasien lansia dengan Low Back Pain di Fiioterapi Rumah Sakit An-Nisa Tangerang Tahun 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah desain quasi eksperimental design : one group pre test and post test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 50 responden. Tehnik yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data adalah total sampling . Hasil penelitian : Berdasarkan uji statistik di dapatkan nilai P Value yaitu 0,007 maka dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh antara pemberian terapi Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) terhadap skala nyeri pada pasien lansia dengan Low Back Pain di Fisioterapi Rumah Sakit An-Nisa Tangerang. Kesimpulan : ada pengaruh antara pemberian terapi Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) terhadap skala nyeri pada pasien lansia dengan Low Back Pain di Fisioterapi Rumah Sakit An- Nisa Tangerang
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18

Kulkarni, Shilpa, Nilesh Shrikant Bulbule, Jay Shah, and Dilip Kakade. "Rehabilitation of a Completely Edentulous Patient using TENS to record Functional Borders and Cheek Plumpers for Esthetics." International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 3, no. 2 (2013): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1081.

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ABSTRACT The facial disfigurement associated with the loss of teeth has greater psychological effect on the patient than the actual loss of teeth. Presented herein, is a novel, precise and accurate technique of performing border molding using transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS). The electronic stimulator is programed to deliver precisely controlled, uniform stimuli transmitted by transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation through fifth and seventh cranial nerves. Plumping the cheeks by using cheek plumpers attached to the conventional complete denture using magnets was also done. The greatest advantage lies in the fact that they are completely detachable. How to cite this article Bulbule NS, Shah J, Kulkarni S, Kakade D. Rehabilitation of a Completely Edentulous Patient using TENS to record Functional Borders and Cheek Plumpers for Esthetics. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(2):78-82.
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19

Wilson, Christopher M., and Jennifer F. Stanczak. "Palliative Pain Management Using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)." Rehabilitation Oncology 38, no. 1 (January 2020): E1—E6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.reo.0000000000000188.

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20

Searle, Robert D., Michael I. Bennett, Mark I. Johnson, Sarah Callin, and Helen Radford. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Cancer Bone Pain." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 37, no. 3 (March 2009): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.03.017.

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21

Salawati, Ravenska, Barry Kambey, and Harold Tanbajong. "Efektivitas Terapi Intervensi Non Farmakologis pada Persalinan Parturien Pervaginam." e-CliniC 9, no. 2 (March 16, 2021): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v9i2.32861.

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Abstract: Pain during labor is common. Albeit, if it is untreated, it could have a negative impact on the mother and fetus. Non-pharmacological managements such as acupressure and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) are expected to reduce vaginal delivery pain. This study was aimed to determine the effect of acupressure and TENS on the intensity of delivery pain. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely clinical key, pubmed, and google scholars. The keywords used were non Pharmacology, childbirth, pain labor, pain management, non-pharmacology. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 literatures were selected. The results showed significant changes in pain intensity after giving acupressure therapy and TENS in mothers who were in the first phase of the labor active phase. In conclusion, acupressure and TENS could reduce the intensity of vaginal delivery pain.Keywords: vaginal delivery, acupressure, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) Abstrak: Nyeri pada persalinan merupakan hal yang lumrah terjadi namun jika tidak ditangani dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan ibu dan janin. Manajemen non-farmakologis akupresur dan transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) diharapkan dapat mengurangi nyeri persalinan pervaginam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh akupresur dan TENS terhadap intensitas nyeri persalinan. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review. Pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu ClinicalKey, Pubmed, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu Non Farmakologi”, “Persalinan”, “Pain Labor”, “Pain management”, “Non Pharmacology”. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi didapatkan 10 literatur. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan perubahan bermakna setelah pemberian terapi akupresur maupun TENS pada ibu bersalin kala I fase aktif. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penggunaan akupresur dan TENS berpengaruh dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri persalinan pervaginam.Kata kunci: persalinan pervaginam, akupresur, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
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Wang, Xiaoling, Jiliang Fang, Qing Zhao, Yangyang Fan, Jun Liu, Yang Hong, Honghong Wang, et al. "DeqiSensations of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Auricular Points." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/371543.

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Deqisensation, a psychophysical response characterized by a spectrum of different needling sensations, is essential for Chinese acupuncture clinical efficacy. Previous research works have investigated the component ofDeqiresponse upon acupuncture on acupoints on the trunk and limbs. However, the characteristics ofDeqisensations of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on auricular points are seldom reported. In this study, we investigated the individual components ofDeqiduring TENS on auricular concha area and the superior scapha using quantitative measurements in the healthy subjects and depression patients. The most striking characteristics ofDeqisensations upon TENS on auricular points were tingling, numbness, and fullness. The frequencies of pressure, warmness, heaviness, and soreness were relatively lower. The dull pain and coolness are rare. The characteristics ofDeqiwere similar for the TENS on concha and on the superior scapha.
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23

Amin, Akhmad Alfajri, Suci Amanati, and Wisda Novalanda. "PENGARUH TERAPI LATIHAN, TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION DAN KINESIOLOGY TAPING PADA POST REKONSTRUKSI ANTERIOR CRUCIATUM LIGAMEN." Jurnal Fisioterapi dan Rehabilitasi 2, no. 2 (August 16, 2018): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33660/jfrwhs.v2i2.39.

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Latar Belakang: Cidera anterior cruciatum ligamen merupakan salah satu cidera sendi lutut yang diakibatkan oleh trauma langsung pada bagian lateral lutut. Cedera tersebut mengakibatkan robekan pada area anterior cruciatum ligamen sehingga harus ditangani dengan operasi arthroscopy. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian jumlah cedera yang dialami atlet semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penanganan yang kurang maksimal dapat menimbulkan penurunan kemampuan dan prestasi dari atlet yang mengalami cedera. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi latihan, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), dan kinesiology taping pada post rekonstruksi (ACL) anterior cruciatum ligamen rupture terhadap peningkatan kemampuan fungsional kaki partisipan. Hasil: Setelah dilakukan penanganan penatalaksanaan fisioterapi dengan terapi latihan, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), dan kinesiology taping pada post rekonstruksi anterior cruciatum ligamen (ACL) rupture didapatkan peningkatan kemampuan fungsional yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai p (sig.) sebesar 0,005 yang bermakna ada peningkatan kemampuan aktivitas fungsional kaki partisipan. Kesimpulan: Pemberian modalitas berupa terapi latihan, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)dan kinesiology taping dapat meningkatkan kemampuan aktivitas fungsional kaki partisipan.
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Gladwell, Peter W., Fiona Cramp, and Shea Palmer. "Foundational Research Could Improve Future Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Evaluations." Medicina 58, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58020149.

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Background and objectives: There is a lack of good quality evidence regarding the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic musculoskeletal pain, including chronic low back pain. High quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been called for to establish effectiveness over and above placebo and some guidance has already been offered regarding the design of such trials. This article expands the discussion regarding the design of future TENS trials. There is qualitative evidence of the complexity of TENS as an intervention which should be considered in future TENS evaluations. This complexity includes multiple benefits reported by patients, depending on their chosen contexts of TENS use. The ideal content and delivery of support for patients to optimise TENS use also lacks consensus. There is no evidence that a TENS education package has been designed to support the complex set of behaviours and choices which experienced users suggest are required to optimise TENS benefits. Finally, clinical and research outcomes have not been contextualised and related to the specific strategies of use. Conclusions: We suggest that research is required to develop consensus about the content and delivery of training in TENS use for patients who live with pain, informed by the experience of patients, clinicians, and researchers. Once a consensus about the content of TENS training has been reached, there is then a need to develop a TENS training course (TTC) based on this content. An effective and acceptable TTC is needed to develop the knowledge and skills required to optimise TENS use, supporting patients to build confidence in using TENS in everyday life situations with the aim of reducing the impact of chronic pain on function and quality of life. Further research is required to extend the evidence base regarding appropriate, contextualised TENS patient-reported outcomes.
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Djordjevic, Igor, Vojkan Lazic, Ana Todorovic, Aleksandra Cairovic, Valentina Veselinovic, and Slavoljub Zivkovic. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy in reduction of orofacial pain." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 142, no. 3-4 (2014): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1404150d.

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Introduction. Patients with craniomandibular disorders suffer from hypertonic, fatigued and painful masticatory muscles. This condition can lead to limitation of mandibular jaw movements. All of these symptoms and signs are included in myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used for treatment of these patients. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of TENS therapy on chronic pain reduction in patients with the muscular dysfunction symptom. Methods. In order to evaluate the effect of TENS therapy before and after the treatment, Craniomandibular Index (Helkimo) was used. Pain intensity was measured by VAS. Patients had TENS treatment over two-week period. BURST TENS modality was used. Current intensity was individually adjusted. Results. Two patients did not respond to TENS therapy. Complete pain reduction was recorded in 8 patients, while pain reduction was not significantly different after TENS therapy in 10 patients. Conclusion. TENS therapy was confirmed as therapeutic procedure in orofacial muscle relaxation and pain reduction.
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PRANATA, SATRIYA. "THE EFFECT OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) TOWARDS WOUND HEALING." Nurscope : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pemikiran Ilmiah Keperawatan 2, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/nurscope.2.2.1-12.

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Background: Instead of reduce pain, TENS is also capable of stimulating the peripheral nerves to work optimally and improving blood circulation where the electrodes are applied. Having good blood circulation enhances good wound healing as well. The decrease in pain level will boost the immune system thus the wound healing can also be improved. It needs further studies on the effect of TENS on wound healing. Objective: The research aimed to explore specific effect of TENS on wound healing. Methodology: The research was conducted by using Science Direct article, Medline, Google Search and Pro Quest to find articles which are appropriate with inclusion and exclusion criteria to be reviewed. Results: The necrosis cases of the post-operative wound were higher in the control compared to the intervention group, there were no complications with significant p-value of (P <0.0001). There were differences in the provision of TEENS with additional of heat protocol before, during and after the intervention towards the blood circulation with the significance p value of (P, 0.05). Good granulation occurs, the hair follicle grew well and Pro-inflammatory declined (TNF-a) with the significance p-value of (P <0.05). The comparison of necrosis percentage in five groups were 43.88%, 39.20%, 38.57%, 32.14% and� 44.13% in G1 to G5 respectively. The statistical tests proved the TEENS intervention in group G4 was more effective with the significance p value of� 0.032. The TENS with frequency of 10 Hz is more effective compared to 100 Hz TENS and control groups who received placebo towards the adrenergic receptor. TENS intervention at a dose of 100 Hz can improve the reactivity of venous blood circulation well. The amount of oedema in the wound is reduced and capillary refills 2 seconds with the significance p-value of (P <0.001) significantly. Discussion: TENS at a frequency of 10 Hz to 100 Hz is the bioelectrical body frequency. At low frequencies, it will be able to stimulate the secretion of endorphin hormone so the patients who received TENS intervention can be more relaxed and feel better as the pain is relieved. The immune system works well and can help the wound heals properly by inhibition of inflammatory factor. Conclusions: TENS therapy is proven to help wound healing. TENS equipment is available everywhere, easy to use, economical, does not cause addiction, and can be given at any time with fewer side effects to the patients. The results of the study cannot be generalised yet. Further research is needed.�Keywords: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, wound healing, literature review.
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Elboim-Gabyzon, Michal, and Leonid Kalichman. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Primary Dysmenorrhea: An Overview." International Journal of Women's Health Volume 12 (January 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s220523.

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28

MacPherson, F., and L. Colvin. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS). Research to support clinical practice." British Journal of Anaesthesia 114, no. 4 (April 2015): 711–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aev055.

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29

Jarzem, Peter F., Edward J. Harvey, Nicholas Arcaro, and Janusz Kaczorowski. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation [TENS] for Chronic Low Back Pain." Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain 13, no. 2 (January 2005): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j094v13n02_02.

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30

Katz, Joel, and Ronald Melzack. "Auricular transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces phantom limb pain." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 6, no. 2 (February 1991): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(91)90521-5.

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31

van der Spank, J. T., D. C. Cambier, H. M. C. De Paepe, L. A. G. Danneels, E. E. Witvrouw, and L. Beerens. "Pain relief in labour by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 264, no. 3 (November 17, 2000): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004040000099.

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32

In, Tae-Sung, Jin-Hwa Jung, Kyoung-Sim Jung, and Hwi-Young Cho. "Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation with Taping for Stroke Rehabilitation." BioMed Research International 2021 (August 25, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9912094.

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Background. Spasticity is a factor that impairs the independent functional ability of stroke patients, and noninvasive methods such as electrical stimulation or taping have been reported to have antispastic effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) combined with taping on spasticity, muscle strength, and gait ability in stroke patients. Methods. From July to October 2020, 46 stroke patients with moderate spasticity in the plantar flexors participated and were randomly assigned to the TENS group ( n = 23 ) and the TENS+taping group ( n = 23 ). All subjects performed a total of 30 sessions of functional training for 30 min/session, 5 days/week, for 6 weeks. For therapeutic exercise, sit-to-standing, indoor walking, and stair walking were performed for 10 min each. In addition, all participants in both groups received TENS stimulation around the peroneal nerve for 30 min before performing functional training. In the TENS+taping group, taping was additionally applied to the feet, ankles, and shin area after TENS, and the taping was replaced once a day. The composite spasticity score and handheld dynamometer measurements were used to assess the intensity of spasticity and muscle strength, respectively. Gait ability was measured using a 10 m walk test. Results. The spasticity score and muscle strength were significantly improved in the TENS+taping group compared to those in the TENS group ( p < 0.05 ). A significant improvement in gait speed was observed in the TENS+taping group relative to that in the TENS group ( p < 0.05 ). Conclusions. Thus, TENS combined with taping may be useful in improving spasticity, muscle strength, and gait ability in stroke patients. Based on these results, an additional application of taping could be used to enhance the antispastic effect of TENS or other electrical stimulation treatments in the clinic. A long-term follow-up study is needed to determine whether the spasticity relieving effect persists after taping is removed.
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Bhasin, Neha, Sreedevi Reddy, Anil Kumar Nagarajappa, and Ankur Kakkad. "A Study on Duration of Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy on Whole Saliva Flow." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 6 (2015): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1710.

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ABSTRACT Background Saliva is a complex fluid, whose important role is to maintain the well being of oral cavity. Salivary gland hypofunction or hyposalivation is the condition of having reduced saliva production which leads to the subjective complaint of oral dryness termed xerostomia.7 Management of xerostomia includes palliative therapy using topical agents or systemic therapy. Electrostimulation to produce saliva was studied in the past and showed moderate promise but never became part of mainstream therapy. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on whole salivary flow rate in healthy adults and to evaluate how long this effect of TENS lasts on salivary flow. Materials and methods One hundred healthy adult subjects were divided into five age groups with each group containing 20 subjects equally divided into males and females in each group. Unstimulated saliva was collected using a graduated test tube fitted with funnel and quantity was measured. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit was activated and stimulated saliva was collected. Saliva was again collected 30 minutes and 24 hours post stimulation. Results The mean unstimulated whole saliva flow rate for all subjects (n = 100) was 2.60 ml/5 min. During stimulation, it increased to 3.60 ± 0.39 ml/5 min. There was 38.46% increase in salivary flow. Ninety six out of 100 responded positively to TENS therapy. Salivary flow remained increased 30 minutes and 24 hours post stimulation with the values being 3.23 ± 0.41 ml/5 min and 2.69 ± 0.39 ml/5 min respectively. Repeated measures One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed that the difference between these values were statistically significant. Conclusion Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy was effective for stimulation of whole saliva in normal, healthy subjects and its effect retained till 30 minutes and a little up to 24 hours. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may work best synergistically with other sialagogues and can be used for the management of xerostomia. How to cite this article Bhasin N, Reddy S, Nagarajappa AK, Kakkad A. A Study on Duration of Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy on Whole Saliva Flow. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):479-485.
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MKh, Al Zaimil. "Efficiency of Acupuncture and Transcutaneous Electroneurostimulation in Treatment of Patients with Anxiety Disorders." International Journal of Pharmacognosy & Chinese Medicine 5, no. 1 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ipcm-16000214.

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Introduction: The effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the management of Anxiety disorders (AD) compared with standard pharmacotherapy and acupuncture was demonstrated in rare clinical research studies. Objective: To study the dynamics of anxiety disorders with the use of a direct TENS and acupuncture. Materials and Methods: 59 patients with AD were examined. 12 patients underwent only pharmacotherapy. 12 patients underwent low-frequency high-amplitude TENS (LH TENS) of the right median nerve. 11 patients have been treated by highfrequency low-amplitude (HL TENS) of the right median nerve. 12 patients received a course of LH TENS of the right tibial nerve. 12 patients underwent course of acupuncture. Results: GAD-7 shows that the decrease in the severity of anxiety disorders was most of all after acupuncture and averaged 47.9%, in second place - after LH TENS of the median nerve and averaged 44±3%, in third place - after LH TENS of the tibial nerve and averaged 30.2±5 %, in fourth place after HL TENS of the median nerve (14±6%) and least of all after only use of pharmacotherapy (17.2±5%). There was a significant improvement in the quality of life identified using SF-36 by 37% in patients after acupuncture, by 35% in patients after LH TENS of the median nerve, by 20% in patients after LH TENS of the tibial nerve, by 11% in patients after HL TENS of the median nerve and by 13% after pharmacotherapy. Conclusion: Acupuncture proved to be more effective than LH TENS of the median nerve in treating AD. At the same time, improving the quality of life has the same results in the two methods of treatment. Direct LH TENS is more effective than direct HL TENS in the treatment of patients with anxiety disorders. Stimulation of the median nerve was found to be more effective than stimulation of the tibial nerve by 66% in decreasing anxiety disorders and by 75% in improving quality of life.
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Liebano, Richard Eloin, Lydia Masako Ferreira, and Miguel Sabino Neto. "Experimental model for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on ischemic random skin flap in rats." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 18, spe (2003): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502003001100008.

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The objective of this paper was to develop an experimental model to be used in the study of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on viability of random skin flap in rats. The sample was 15 Wistar-EPM rats. The random skin flap measured 10x4 cm and a plastic barrier was placed between the flap and the donnor site. The animals were submited to TENS for 1 hour immediately after the surgery and on the two subsequent days. On the seventh postoperative day, the percentage of necrotic area was measured and calculated. The experimental model proved to be reliable to be used in the study of effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in random skin flap in rats.
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Lin, Mu-Lien, Hung-Wei Chiu, Zao-Ming Shih, Po-Ying Lee, Pei-Zhi Li, Chin-Hong Guo, Yuan-Jie Luo, et al. "Two Transcutaneous Stimulation Techniques in Shoulder Pain: Transcutaneous Pulsed Radiofrequency (TPRF) versus Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): A Comparative Pilot Study." Pain Research and Management 2019 (February 4, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2823401.

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Objective. To compare the safety and efficacy of 2 transcutaneous stimulation techniques, transcutaneous pulsed radiofrequency (TPRF) versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), in chronic shoulder tendonitis. Design. A prospective, randomized, and double-blind clinical trial. Setting. Academic pain service of a city hospital. Subjects. Fifty patients with sonography-confirmed shoulder tendonitis. Methods. Fifty patients were randomly allocated into two groups for electrical stimulation treatment with 3-month follow-ups: Group 1 n=25, TENS and Group 2 n=25, TPRF. Both groups underwent either treatment for 15 minutes every other day, three times total. Our primary goals were to find any treatment comfort level, adverse event, and changes in Constant–Murley shoulder (CMS) scores. The secondary goals were finding the changes in pain, enjoyment of life, and general activity (PEG) scores. Results. For primary goals, no adverse events were noted throughout this study. No differences were found between groups for treatment tolerability (3.20 + 0.87 vs. 2.16 + 0.75). Statistically significant lower PEG scores were noticeable with the TPRF group after the course (12.73 + 5.79 vs. 24.53 + 10.21, p=0.013). Their statistical significance lasted for 3 months although the difference gap diminished after 1 month. CMS scores were significantly higher in the TPRF group (70.84 + 6.74 vs. 59.56 + 9.49, p=0.007) right after treatment course but the significance did not last. Conclusions. In treating chronic shoulder tendinitis using two transcutaneous stimulation techniques, both TPRF and TENS are safe and effective. TPRF is superior to TENS.
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Awan, Kamran Habib. "The Role of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 12 (2015): 984–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1792.

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ABSTRACT Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) constitutes of a group of diseases that functionally affect the masticatory system, including the muscles of mastication and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A number of etiologies with specific treatment have been identified, including the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). The current paper presents a literature review on the use of TENS in the management of TMD patients. Temporomandibular joint disorder is very common disorder with approximately 75% of people showing some signs, while more than quarter (33%) having at least one symptom. An attempt to treat the pain should be made whenever possible. However, in cases with no defined etiology, starting with less intrusive and reversible techniques is prescribed. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is one such treatment modality, i.e. useful in the management of TMD. It comprises of controlled exposure of electrical current to the surface of skin, causing hyperactive muscles relaxation and decrease pain. Although the value of TENS to manage chronic pain in TMD patients is still controversial, its role in utilization for masticatory muscle pain is significant. However, an accurate diagnosis is essential to minimize its insufficient use. Well-controlled randomized trials are needed to determine the utilization of TENS in the management of TMD patients. How to cite this article Awan KH, Patil S. The Role of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(12):984-986.
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Liebano, Richard Eloin, Luiz Eduardo Felipe Abla, and Lydia Masako Ferreira. "Effect of high frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on viability of random skin flap in rats." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 21, no. 3 (June 2006): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502006000300003.

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PURPOSE: To determine the effect of high frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on viability of random skin flap in rats. METHODS: The sample of this study was 75 Wistar rats. The skin flap measured 10 x 4 cm and a plastic barrier was interposed between the flap and donor site. After the operative procedure, animals of all groups were maintained anesthetized one more hour with electrodes positioned in the base of the flap and submitted to treatment according of their respective group. This procedure was repeated on the two subsequent days. G1: sham stimulation (control), G2: TENS (f = 80 Hz and I = 5 mA), G3: TENS (f = 80 Hz and I = 10 mA), G4: TENS (f = 80 Hz and I = 15 mA), G5: TENS (f = 80 Hz and I = 20 mA). RESULTS: The average percentage of necrotic area was 43,11, 34,65, 49,44, 23,52, 45,10 in groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. CONCLUSION: The amplitude of 15 mA presented a lower necrotic area than control group and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation was efficient in increasing the random skin flap viability.
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KJARTANSSON, J., T. LUNDEBERG, U. E. SAMUELSON, and C. J. DALSGAARD. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) increases survival of ischaemic musculocutaneous flaps." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 134, no. 1 (September 1988): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1988.tb08464.x.

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Marples, I. L. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): an unusual source of electrocardiogram artefact." Anaesthesia 55, no. 7 (July 2000): 719–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2000.01557-39.x.

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Marples, I. L. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): an unusual source of electrocardiogram artefact." Anaesthesia 55, no. 7 (July 2000): 719–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2000.01557-39x./.

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42

Visconti, Michael J., Wasim Haidari, and Steven R. Feldman. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): a review of applications in dermatology." Journal of Dermatological Treatment 31, no. 8 (August 29, 2019): 846–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2019.1657227.

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43

Fishbain, David A., Charles Chabal, Alice Abbott, Lisa Wipperman Heine, and Robert Cutler. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Treatment Outcome in Long-term Users." Clinical Journal of Pain 12, no. 3 (September 1996): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199609000-00008.

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Andrade, Sandra Cristina, Rodrigo Pegado de Abreu Freitas, and Wouber Herickson de Brito Vieira. "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and exercise: strategy in fibromyalgia treatment." Rheumatology International 34, no. 4 (March 31, 2013): 577–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-013-2730-3.

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Choi, K. E., M. Strobel, R. Lauche, F. Musial, F. Saha, T. Rampp, and G. Dobos. "Analgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): Implications for acupuncture?" European Journal of Integrative Medicine 1, no. 4 (December 2009): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2009.08.129.

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Abenyakar, Sefkat, and Feyza Boneval. "Increased Plasma β-Endorphin Concentrations after Acupuncture: Comparison of Electroacupuncture, Traditional Chinese Acupuncture, Tens and Placebo Tens." Acupuncture in Medicine 12, no. 1 (May 1994): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.12.1.21.

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Seventeen patients with pain from various causes were treated by Electroacupuncture (n=5), Traditional Chinese Acupuncture (n=4), Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (n=4) or Placebo TENS (n=4). Each treatment lasted 25 minutes. Plasma β-endorphin concentrations were measured before and after the session. Electroacupuncture and Traditional acupuncture treatments were both associated with a significant rise in plasma β-endorphin levels.
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Johnson, Mark I. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and TENS-like devices: do they provide pain relief?" Pain Reviews 8, no. 3-4 (October 1, 2001): 121–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0968130201pr182ra.

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Moran, Fidelma, Tracey Leonard, Stephanie Hawthorne, Ciara M. Hughes, Evie McCrum-Gardner, Mark I. Johnson, Barbara A. Rakel, Kathleen A. Sluka, and Deirdre M. Walsh. "Hypoalgesia in Response to Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Depends on Stimulation Intensity." Journal of Pain 12, no. 8 (August 2011): 929–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.02.352.

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Chen, Peiming, Tai-Wa Liu, Patrick W. H. Kwong, Claudia K. Y. Lai, Raymond C. K. Chung, Joshua Tsoh, and Shamay S. M. Ng. "Bilateral Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Improves Upper Limb Motor Recovery in Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Stroke 53, no. 4 (April 2022): 1134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.121.036895.

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Background: Recent evidence has shown bilateral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Bi-TENS) combined with task-oriented training (TOT) to be superior to unilateral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Uni-TENS)+TOT in improving lower limb motor functioning following stroke. However, no research explored the effect of Bi-TENS+TOT in improving upper limb motor recovery. This study aimed to compare Bi-TENS+TOT with Uni-TENS+TOT, Placebo transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Placebo-TENS)+TOT, and no treatment (Control) groups in upper limb motor recovery. Methods: This is a 4-group parallel design. One hundred and twenty subjects were given either Bi-TENS+TOT, Uni-TENS+TOT, Placebo-TENS+TOT, or Control without treatment in this randomized controlled trial. Twenty 60-minute sessions were administered 3× per week for 7 weeks. The outcome measure was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity, which was assessed at baseline, after 10 sessions (mid-intervention) and 20 sessions (post-intervention) of intervention, and at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Results: Patients in the Bi-TENS+TOT group showed greater improvement in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity scores than Uni-TENS+TOT (mean difference, 2.13; P =0.004), Placebo-TENS+TOT (mean difference, 2.63; P <0.001), and Control groups (mean difference, 3.11; P <0.001) at post-intervention. Both Bi-TENS+TOT (mean difference, 3.39; P <0.001) and Uni-TENS+TOT (mean difference, 1.26; P =0.018) showed significant within-group improvement in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity scores. Patients in the Bi-TENS+TOT group showed earlier within-group improvement in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity scores at mid-intervention than Uni-TENS+TOT. These improvements were maintained at the 3-month follow-up assessment. Conclusions: Bi-TENS combined with TOT is an effective therapy for improving upper limb motor recovery following stroke. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03112473.
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Alipour, Rasoul, and Fariba Mikaeili. "The impact of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on COVID-19 patients, especially those admitted to the intensive care unit." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 10 (September 22, 2020): 1612. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20204083.

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Physiotherapy and early mobilization are necessary to treat COVID-19 patients. Physiotherapy is effective in strengthening of respiratory muscles, reduction of inflammation, and enhanced immune function in COVID-19 patients. Physiotherapy can relieve various symptoms of COVID-19. TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) is a kind of physiotherapy that uses electric current to activate nerves for therapeutic reasons. It passes electrical currents across the intact surface of the skin to activate underlying nerves. There are many studies that shown that TENS can alleviate dyspnea and lung function and improve FEV1 in patients with COPD and asthma, which is a more common complication in COVID-19 patients. TENS is effective in the treatment of muscle weakness and able to preserve protein synthesis in muscle in admitted patients, especially those admitted to ICU. Because of those reasons mentioned in the article, we recommend to investigate TENS effects on COVID-19 patients.
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