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Journal articles on the topic 'Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Sayali, shankhapal* Vaishnavi pandav Rutuja jaiswal Sonali kalam. "Transdermal Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 8 (2024): 3570–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13354827.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems, or TDDSs, are adhesive patches applied to the skin with a precise dosage that are then absorbed into the bloodstream. It is important to take into account the entire morphological, biophysical, and physicochemical aspects of the skin when delivering medicinal substances through the human skin for systemic effects. A transdermal patch offers a regulated release and continuous drug administration, which is advantageous over other forms of pharmaceutical delivery. It also avoids pulsed entry into the systemic circulation, which frequently results in undesirable

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2

Swapnil, More *. Akash Inde Abhishek Jadhav Ashishkumar Jadhav. "RECENT ADVANCES IN TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (TDDS): AN OVERVIEW." Journal of Pharma Research 8, no. 5 (2019): 346–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3236719.

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<strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong> <strong><em>C</em></strong><em>onventional dosage form has significant setbacks of poor bioavailability and frequent dosing due to hepatic first pass metabolism</em><em>.</em><em> Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across a patient’s skin. It is (TDDS) also known as “patches,” are. In order to deliver therapeutic agents through the human skin for systemic effects, the comprehensive morphological, biophysical and physicochemical properties of the skin are to be

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3

K Purushotham and K Anie Vijetha. "A review on transdermal drug delivery system." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 22, no. 2 (2023): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2023.22.2.0053.

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In order to produce systemic effects, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), commonly referred to as "patches," are dosage forms that are intended to spread a therapeutically active amount of medicine across the skin of a patient. Drugs that are applied topically are delivered using transdermal drug delivery devices. These are pharmaceutical preparations of varying sizes, containing one or more active ingredients, intended to be applied to the unbroken skin in order to deliver the active ingredient after passing through the skin barriers, and these avoid first pass metabolism. Today about 7

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K, Purushotham, and Anie Vijetha K. "A review on transdermal drug delivery system." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 22, no. 2 (2023): 245–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7919611.

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In order to produce systemic effects, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), commonly referred to as "patches," are dosage forms that are intended to spread a therapeutically active amount of medicine across the skin of a patient. Drugs that are applied topically are delivered using transdermal drug delivery devices. These are pharmaceutical preparations of varying sizes, containing one or more active ingredients, intended to be applied to the unbroken skin in order to deliver the active ingredient after passing through the skin barriers, and these avoid first pass metabolism. Tod

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Siddhant Ashruba, Mundhe, and Dr V. M. .Satpute. "An Overview: Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS)." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem44545.

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Transdermal drugs have made an important contribution to pharmaceutical dosage forms, nevertheless have yet to fully accomplish its potential as an alternative to oral dosage form and hypodermic injections. A transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) represents the most attractive method among these because of its low rejection rate, excellent ease of administration, and superb convenience and persistence among patients. A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream.Transdermal drug

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6

Mali, Audumbar Digambar, Ritesh Bathe, and Manojkumar Patil. "An updated review on transdermal drug delivery systems." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 1, no. 6 (2015): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v1i6.2243.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), also known as patches, are dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across a patients skin. In order to deliver therapeutic agents through the human skin for systemic effects, the comprehensive morphological, biophysical and physicochemical properties of the skin are to be considered. Transdermal delivery provides a leading edge over injectables and oral routes by increasing patient compliance and avoiding first pass metabolism respectively. Transdermal delivery not only provides controlled, constant administration of

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Soni, Ankita, J. S. Dua, and D. N. Prasad. "Article Reviewing Transdermal Drug Delivery System." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 1 (2022): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i1.5159.

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Topically applied pharmaceuticals in the form of patches that distribute medications for systemic effects at predefined and controlled rates are known as "transdermal drug delivery systems." The main function of TDDS is penetration of drug through skin. It works extremely simple, with the medicine being put within the patch and is placed on the skin. As a result, a consistent concentration of medication remains in the bloodstream for an extended period. They come in variety of forms, including single-layer drugs in adhesives; inter drugs in adhesives, buffers, and matrix systems. The market pr

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Niranjan D. Waghmare, Kanchan A. Hiwe, Kanchan A. Hiwe, Pooja R. Hatwar, Supriya S. Barewar, and Purva P. Bhoyar. "Transdermal drug delivery system: A tool for NDDS." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 30, no. 2 (2025): 179–94. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2025.30.2.0039.

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Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) specializes to explore new methods that can efficiently and painlessly transmit better molecules in therapeutic quantity to overcome the difficulties allied with oral route, namely poor bioavailability due to first pass metabolism and receptiveness to produce rapid blood level. Transdermal drug delivery gets improved the therapeutic effectiveness and security of drugs by more site-specific way but spatial and temporal placement within body is necessary to reduce both the size and number of doses essential to achieve the objective of systemic medication t

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9

Dharmeh, Trivedi, and Goyal Anju. "Pros and Cons of Transdermal Drug Delivery System." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 7, no. 4 (2020): 53–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13955283.

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Transdermal drug delivery is having variety of benefits over traditional drug delivery systems and has increased patient compliance. Transdermal patches are easy application on skin and removal as and when required. TDDS deliver drugs for systemic effects at a predetermined and controlled rate over an extended period of time in order to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness and reduce adverse effect of the drug. TDDS helps in maintaining the concentration of drug within the therapeutic window range for extended time period ensuring that drug levels should not fall below the minimum effective c

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Sachin, Pawar* Nitin Sawle Dr. Gajanan Sanap. "Review On Transdermal Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2025): 671–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14628391.

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Polymeric patches with dissolved or dispersed medication that continuously release therapeutic agents via the skin are known as transdermal drug delivery systems. Although transdermal administration has significantly advanced medical practice, it has not yet reached its full potential as a substitute for hypodermic injections and oral delivery. The idea behind TDDS is that they can deliver drugs continuously over an extended length of time, which will maintain the drug's concentration in plasma. To maintain plasma-drug levels for therapeutic efficacy, TDDS can be made to input drugs at the rig

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Bhakti, Ms Khara, Ms Kumbhar Sneha, Ms Khatal Dhanashri, et al. "Review On: Transdermal Herbal Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 09, no. 05 (2024): 1086–97. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-090510861097.

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Novel herbal drug delivery system opens new wister‟s for delivery of herbal drugs at right place. At right concentration, for height right period of time. And also gives scientific angle to verify the standardization of herbal drug, several novel herbal delivery systems have been successfully developed in recent year like, liposomes, Phytosomes , solid liquid nanoparticles, ethosomes , micro emulsions and various other vesicular system. Transdermal drug delivery System (TDDS) also known as patches are dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across a patient

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Manthal, Aishwarya, Dr Sunayana Ghodgaonkar, Akash S. Nalawade, and Shivani B.Masal. "Recent Advancement in Transdermal Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 09, no. 06 (2024): 1320–29. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-090613201329.

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The transdermal route offers several advantages over traditional drug delivery methods. These include high bioavailability, avoidance of first-pass liver metabolism, consistent drug levels in the bloodstream, and a non-invasive approach to treatment. Furthermore, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) offer prolonged therapeutic effects, fewer side effects, enhanced bioavailability, improved patient adherence, and easy discontinuation of therapy. TDDS is used not only in pharmaceuticals but also in skincare and cosmetics. Research has shown that the transdermal route causes minimal skin irri

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Pranay, Sanjay Bafana, Javesh K. Patil Dr., and S. Hasni Hamid. "Breaking Barriers: Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy." Journal of Advancement in Immunology 1, no. 2 (2024): 60–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12156679.

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<em>The use of transdermal drug delivery has significantly improved medical procedures. The transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is a method of delivering a drug's active ingredient through the skin, improving the drug's therapeutic efficacy and safety while also reducing size and dose.  As a cutting-edge tool for controlled release, TDDS attracted a lot of interest. Drugs enter the body through the skin in this type of TDDS, bypassing the first pass metabolism and entering the systemic circulation instead. The dosage form for TDDS is made up of patches. Transdermal patches penetrate t

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Soni, Devbrat, Kartikay Prakash, Kashif Shakeel, and Priyanka Kesharawani. "Current Trends and Recent Development of Transdermal Drug Delivery System TDDS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 11, no. 3 (2023): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v11i3.1274.

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The basic goal of TDDS is to administer medications at a predefined pace into systemic circulation through the skin with little inter- and intrapatient variance. TDDS come in a variety of forms, including reservoir and matrix systems, single-layer drugs in adhesive, and multi-layer drugs in adhesive. With more than 35 items already authorised for sale in the US and around 16 active components authorised for use as TDDSs internationally, the market value of TDDS products is growing quickly. Due to its low likelihood of patient rejection, simplicity of administration, and patients' convenience a

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Sudhakar Mhaske, Rameshwar, MrBhanage Pratik Baban, and Dr megha Salve. "Transdermal Drug Delivary System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 09, no. 06 (2024): 24–28. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-09062428.

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Many noninvasive administrations have recently e merged as alternatives to conventional needle inject ions.The transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) , which has a low rejection rateremarkable ease of a dministration, and remarkable patient convenience and persistence, is the most alluring of all.TDDS m ay be useful not only in the pharmaceutical industr y but also in the skin care industry, which includes cosmetics. Because this method focuses on local administration, it can prevent local drug concentration accumulation and nonspecific drug distribution to tissues that are not the medication

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Samata, Korgaonkar* Gauri Bhivshet Vijay Jagtap. "An Overview of Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS)." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 12 (2024): 2132–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14482112.

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Oral medications often fall short of desired efficacy. To address this limitation, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have emerged as a viable alternative. TDDS involve delivering drugs through the skin to achieve systemic effects, differing from traditional topical applications. These systems transport drugs to viable skin tissues, producing local therapeutic effects while also releasing a significant fraction into systemic circulation. The adhesive used in TDDS plays a crucial role in ensuring product safety, efficacy, and quality. Transdermal delivery offers several advantages over tr

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Samiksha B. Rotake, Pooja R. Hatwar, Ravindra L. Bakal, and Nitin B. Kohale. "Transdermal drug delivery system recent advancements: A comprehensive review." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 28, no. 2 (2024): 059–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.28.2.0269.

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"The transdermal route offers numerous benefits when compared to traditional drug delivery methods. These advantages encompass high bioavailability, the absence of first-pass hepatic metabolism, maintaining consistent drug plasma levels, and the non-invasive nature of therapy. Additionally, transdermal drug delivery systems [TDDS] provide prolonged therapeutic effects, reduced side effects, enhanced bioavailability, improved patient compliance, and easy termination of drug therapy. TDDS finds applications not only in pharmaceuticals but also in the skincare and cosmetics industries. Studies ha

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Samiksha, B. Rotake, R. Hatwar Pooja, L. Bakal Ravindra, and B. Kohale Nitin. "Transdermal drug delivery system recent advancements: A comprehensive review." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 28, no. 2 (2024): 059–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14676299.

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"The transdermal route offers numerous benefits when compared to traditional drug delivery methods. These advantages encompass high bioavailability, the absence of first-pass hepatic metabolism, maintaining consistent drug plasma levels, and the non-invasive nature of therapy. Additionally, transdermal drug delivery systems [TDDS] provide prolonged therapeutic effects, reduced side effects, enhanced bioavailability, improved patient compliance, and easy termination of drug therapy. TDDS finds applications not only in pharmaceuticals but also in the skincare and cosmetics industries. Studies ha

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19

Bajpai, Sharad, Kanchan Butola, and Vijaylaxmi Bisht. "Recent Advancement on TDDS (Transdermal Drug Delivery System)." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 5 (2022): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.5.6.

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The creation of a transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) has been one of the most sophisticated and innovative approaches to drug delivery. The transdermal drug delivery system has attracted considerable attention because of its many potential advantages, including better patient compliance, avoidance of gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatic first-pass metabolism, and sustained delivery of drugs to provide steady plasma profiles, particularly for drugs with short half-lives, reduction in systemic side effects and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This review article covers a brief outline of th

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Kharia, A., R. Gilhotra, and A. K. Singhai. "Overview of Transdermal Medicated Patches with its research updates in preceding years." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 3-s (2019): 1094–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3-s.2962.

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Innovations in transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) is an important influence to medical practice by providing advances in the delivery of treatment with existing conventional drugs and novel drugs. Transdermal drug delivery is one of the most promising methods for drug application. It has several benefits over conventional system to offer sustained drug release, avoidance of first pass effect, patient compliance, ease of application and removal in case of toxicity as well as decrease in the side effects as compared with conventional therapy. Transdermal patches are dosage forms which tran

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Alam, Aftab, Manjunath U. Machale, Rajkumar Prasad Yadav, Mukesh Sharma, and Akshay Kumar Patel. "Role of Transdermal Drug Delivery System." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 9, no. 3 (2021): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i3.976.

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For several decades, many drug types, including tablets, capsules, pills, creams, ointments, liquids, injectables, have been used for the treatment of disease. These dosage forms must be taken multiple times a day to maintain the concentration of the medication. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), also known as “patches,” are dosage forms Built to deliver a therapeutically efficient quantity of medicine through the skin of a patient. By increasing patient compliance and preventing first pass metabolism, transdermal delivery offers a leading edge over injectables and oral routes. Transder

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Drasti, Pandya*1 Taufik Mulla2. "Advancements In Transdermal Drug Delivery System: A Comprehensive Overview." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 6 (2024): 147–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11453521.

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Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is a novel strategy in pharmaceutical research that provides a patient-friendly, non-invasive way to deliver therapeutic drugs. This abstract offers a summary of the most important developments in transdermal drug delivery technology, emphasizing their possible effects on healthcare. Nanotechnology has played a pivotal role, enabling the development of novel drug carriers that enhance permeation through the skin barrier. These nanocarriers, such as liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles, facilitate the controlled release of drugs, improving therapeutic ef

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Anurag, Mishra* Mohd. Aqil Siddiqui. "A Overview of the Transdermal Drug Delivery System." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1, no. 9 (2023): 391–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8363004.

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The skin offers an accessible & convenient site for the administration of medication. The transdermal drug delivery system has been a safe &effective drug delivery system, it aims to deliver the drug through the skin at a predetermined rate and controlled rate. If a drug has the right mix of physical chemistry and pharmacology, transdermal delivery is a remarkably effective route of administration. The transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose & medication through the skin & into the bloodstream. Often, this promotes h

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Jayaprakash, Reshmi, Jahnara Hameed, and Anupriya Anupriya. "AN OVERVIEW OF TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY SYSTEM." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 10 (2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.19909.

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Recently, most widely using conventional dosage form such as tablet, capsules, and injections but due to some case we are preferable to choose transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) because conventional oral dosage form undergo first pass metabolism. In TDDS, skin is the effective medium for the penetration of drug into systemic circulation. This system required very low dose for the effective result or action. One of the major disadvantages of TDDS is penetration rate is very low through the stratum corneum. Nowadays, different types of skin penetration enhancement techniques are used for in

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Yerra, Jayasree, Praneetha Pallerla, and Srinivas Nimmagadda. "Transdermal patch: An effective transdermal drug delivery system." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation 4, no. 5 (2023): 1070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2023.4.5.1070-1074.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are topically administered medicaments. Transdermal drug delivery is defined as a self contained discrete dosage form, which when applied to the intact skin, will deliver the drug at a controlled rate to the systemic circulation. Transdermal patches are pharmaceutical preparation of varying sizes, containing, one or more active ingredient, intended to be applied to the unbroken skin in order to deliver the active ingredient to the systemic circulation after passing through the skin barriers. Compared to oral or systemic dosage systems, TDDS can offer a

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Maurya, Vijay Bahadur, Vinay Kumar, and Rajeev Kumar. "An Overview on Transdermal Drug Delivery System." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4-A (2019): 773–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3570.

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Transdermal drug delivery is involved in the transportation of drug through the skin for systemic circulation. Now a day’s more than 74% of drugs are administered drug in the form of tablet, capsule, which are taken orally but sometimes those are not effective as desired due to physiological activities of body. The major obstruction caused by stratum corneum to penetrate the drug. So there is need to facilitate the stratum corneum to increase the flux, a number of approaches are used to enhance the penetration of drug. Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) are very effectively overcome the h

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Disha, A. Deulkar, A. Kubde Jitendra, R. Hatwar Pooja, and L. Bakal Ravindrakumar. "A review on transdermal drug delivery system." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 18, no. 2 (2024): 347–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11216528.

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Drugs that are applied topically are delivered using transdermal drug delivery devices. These are pharmaceutical preparations of varying sizes, containing one or more active ingredients, intended to be applied to the unbroken skin in order to deliver the active ingredient after passing through the skin barriers, and these avoid first pass metabolism. Today about 74% of drugs are taken orally and are not found effective as desired. To improve efficacy transdermal drug delivery system was emerged. A notable advantage of transdermal drug delivery compared to other methods like oral, topical, intr

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Amol, Kharat* Hrushikesh Joshi Pranali Kalshetty Pratik Korade Utkarsh Jadhav. "Niosomes: An Advanced Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2025): 2115–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14737387.

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The goal of a transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) which falls under the category of controlled drug delivery, is to deliver the medication through the skin at a predetermined and regulated rate. Longer therapeutic impact, fewer side effects, increased bioavailability, better patient compliance, and simple medication therapy termination are just a few of its many benefits. For the majority of molecules, the stratum corneum is thought to be the rate-limiting barrier in transdermal penetration. The appendageal, transcellular, and intercellular pathways are the three primary ways that drugs ca

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Dhananjay, Abhang* Priya Walke Shubhangi Mhaske Jayshri Kasar. "A Review on Transdermal Patches." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 12 (2024): 43–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14253927.

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Transdermal drug delivery system is an essential part of novel drug distribution system. The topically administered medications in the form of patches which when applied to the skin deliver the drug .For operative TDDS the drug are easily able to penetrate the skin and easily reach the target site. TDDS avoids the first pass metabolism, less frequency of administration, reduction gastrointestinal side effects.The TDDS review articles provide valuable information regarding the transdermal drug delivery systems and its evaluation process details as a ready reference for the research scientist wh

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Dr., D. Rama Brahma Reddy* D. Tejaswi K. Hima Sankar K. Venkatesh G. Trinath Babu V. Suresh B. Upendra Naik. "An Overview on Preparation Methods and Evaluation of Transdermal Patches." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 12 (2024): 2337–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14505870.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), also known as “patches,” are dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across a patient’s skin. In order to deliver therapeutic agents through the human skin for systemic effects, Transdermal delivery provides a leading edge over injectables and oral routes by increasing patient compliance and avoiding first pass metabolism respectively. With the advancement in technology Pharma industries have trendified all its resources. Earlier we use convectional dosage form but now we use novel drug delivery sys

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Varshini, Y* Satish S. "Revolutionizing Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review On Clinical Approach Innovations In Drug Delivery Systems." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1, no. 12 (2023): 604–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10423901.

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  The skin offers an accessible & convenient site for the administration of medication. The transdermal drug delivery system has been a safe &effective drug delivery system, it aims to deliver the drug through the skin at a predetermined rate and controlled rate. If a drug has the right mix of physical chemistry and pharmacology, transdermal delivery is a remarkably effective route of administration. The transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose & medication through the skin & into the bloodstream. Often, this pro

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Gaurav, Pandole* Vikas Kumar Dr. Jitendra Banweer. "Role of Transdermal drug delivery System in the Treatment of Hypertension." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 1844–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15386527.

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Hypertension continues to be a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases and deaths globally, impacting almost one billion people. While conventional oral treatments are effective, they face limitations such as poor bioavailability, short durations of action, and the necessity for frequent dosing. These factors lead to fluctuating plasma drug levels and decreased patient adherence to prescribed therapies. To address these challenges, Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) have been explored as a promising solution for the controlled and sustained administration of antihypertensive drugs.

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Suryawanshi, Dr Amrata D. "Transdermal Drug Delivery System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 10 (2023): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56109.

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Abstract: A various non-invasive administration have recently emerged as an alternative toconventional needles. Transdermal drug delivery system is most attractive method. The transdermal as route has numerous advantages over the more traditional drug delivery system and they include high bioavailability, absence offirst pass hepatic metabolism, steady drug plasma concentration. and the fact that therapy is noninvasive. TDDS could be applicable in not only Pharmaceuticals but also in the skin industry, including cosmetics. Transdermal drug delivery has made an important contribution to medical

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Yu, Zhixi, Xinxian Meng, Shunuo Zhang, Yunsheng Chen, Zheng Zhang, and Yixin Zhang. "Recent Progress in Transdermal Nanocarriers and Their Surface Modifications." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113093.

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Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is an attractive method for drug delivery with convenient application, less first-pass effect, and fewer systemic side effects. Among all generations of TDDS, transdermal nanocarriers show the greatest clinical potential because of their non-invasive properties and high drug delivery efficiency. However, it is still difficult to design optimal transdermal nanocarriers to overcome the skin barrier, control drug release, and achieve targeting. Hence, surface modification becomes a promising strategy to optimize and functionalize the transdermal nanocarrier

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Prof., Madhuri T. Deshmukh Harshada A. Lawale *. Prof. R.V. Shete Prof. R.S. Solunke. "A REVIEW ON TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM." Journal of Pharma Research 7, no. 12 (2018): 279–82. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2085047.

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<strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong> <strong><em>R</em></strong><em>ecently delivery of drugs through the skin is being a challenging area for research because of barrier properties exhibit    by the outermost layer of skin stratum corneum. The transdermal drug delivery system has offers significant clinical benefits over other dosage forms. Because transdermal drug delivery offers controlled and predetermined rate of release of the drug into the patient, it able to maintain steady state blood concentration in blood stream. It is essential form of drug delivery due to absolute adv

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Mansi, B. .Patil, R. Patil Mahima, S. Chaudhari Hitendra, et al. "A Review on Study Drug Delivery System via Transdermal Application." Journal of Advances in Drug Discovery and Development 2, no. 2 (2024): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10947238.

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<em>To create fundamental outcomes, transdermal medication conveyance frameworks (TDDS), likewise alluded to as "patches," are dose structures expected to disseminate a remedially dynamic amount of prescription into a patient's skin. Drugs are applied topically utilizing transdermal medication conveyance frameworks. These are variously sized pharmacological formulations containing one or more active ingredients. By applying the active ingredient to the skin after it has crossed the barriers, they are intended to be applied topically to the undamaged skin, preventing first pass metabolism. Curr

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Anjali A. Dhapate and Sanchit S. Gaikwad. "Review topic: A detailed analysis of transdermal drug delivery system." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 20, no. 3 (2024): 292–300. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.20.3.0999.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are a novel approach for administering medications through the skin, offering several advantages over conventional methods like oral or intravenous delivery. TDDS allow for controlled and consistent drug release, effectively bypassing the gastrointestinal tract and avoiding first-pass metabolism, which can enhance bioavailability and reduce systemic side effects. However, the skin's barrier properties present significant challenges for drug permeation, particularly for larger or hydrophilic molecules. To address these challenges, various methods have be

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Patil, Onkar B., Swarupa N. Shirke, Arehalli S. Manjappa, Popat S. Kumbhar, and John I. Disouza. "Pressure sensitive adhesives in transdermal drug delivery system." Chemical and Environmental Science Archives 02, no. 03 (2022): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47587/cesa.2022.2301.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are used to transfer medicines into the systemic circulation through the skin. (Trans)dermal patches are well-known pharmacological formulations that are applied to the skin’s surface for a variety of reasons, ranging from treating cutaneous diseases to achieving a systemic impact. Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) devices rely heavily on adhesives. In addition to the normal functional adhesive qualities, adhesives for TDD applications must be biocompatible with the skin, chemically compatible with the medication, and enable consistent, efficient drug adm

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Sakshi, Bhoir*1 Dr. Sushma Singh2 Swapnil Phalak1. "Innovations in Transdermal Drug Delivery: Challenges, Approaches and Future Perspectives." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 57–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15118663.

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Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) represent a promising approach for non-invasive drug administration, providing controlled and sustained release of therapeutic agents through the skin. This method offers several advantages over conventional delivery routes, such as avoiding first-pass metabolism, reducing systemic side effects, and improving patient compliance. However, the development of effective TDDS is challenging due to the skin's barrier function, primarily the stratum corneum, which restricts drug permeation. Recent innovations in formulation strategies, including matrix, reserv

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Pavan, Dhavan* Omkar Chavan Siddhesh Gaikwad. "Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Advances, Challenges, And Future Perspectives." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 3064–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15281711.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) represent an innovative and effective method for administering drugs systemically through the skin. These systems offer significant benefits over conventional oral and injectable routes by avoiding hepatic first-pass metabolism and allowing for controlled, sustained drug release. This not only enhances drug bioavailability but also improves patient adherence, particularly in the treatment of chronic conditions. Although the skin’s outermost layer, the stratum corneum, presents a significant barrier, advancements in both passive methods (such as pa

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Devaki, Jorapur, Satish Pavuluri, and Naduvinamani Suma. "Ethosomes: A Vesicular Carrier as a Novel Tool for Transdermal Drug Delivery System." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 13, no. 4 (2023): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i4.5796.

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In recent years, nanotechnology has a new era of drug delivery for many drug systems. Transdermal drug delivery is one of the few systems that have recently become a major focal point of research. When compared to traditional drug delivery systems, the Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) has various advantages. Due to the barrier properties of the Stratum Corneum, TDDS has had limited market success. The introduction of ethosomes, which are soft, malleable vesicular carriers containing ethanol and are tailored for enhanced delivery of active agents, has opened up a new area of vesicular re

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Srivastava, Richa, and Naziya Shaikh. "A review on transdermal drug delivery through patches." IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 10, no. 2 (2024): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2024.022.

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A transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) falls under the controlled drug delivery category, aiming to administer drugs through the skin at a predetermined and controlled rate. This approach presents numerous benefits, such as extended therapeutic impact, reduced adverse effects, increased bioavailability, enhanced patient adherence, and convenient discontinuation of medication. The outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, plays a key role in controlling the transdermal penetration of most substances. Three main routes facilitate drug penetration: appendageal, transcellular, and inter

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Alex, Meera, Nour M. Alsawaftah, and Ghaleb A. Husseini. "State-of-All-the-Art and Prospective Hydrogel-Based Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems." Applied Sciences 14, no. 7 (2024): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14072926.

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Over the past few decades, notable advancements have been made in the field of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs), presenting a promising alternative to conventional oral drug administration. This comprehensive review aims to enhance understanding of this method by examining various transdermal techniques, the skin’s role as a barrier to TDDS, factors affecting skin diffusion, and current challenges in TDDSs. The primary focus of this analysis centers on TDDSs utilizing hydrogels. A thorough exploration of hydrogel fundamentals, encompassing structure, properties, and synthesis, is prov

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Gubba, Laxmi, Sagarika Laxmi Gujjuri, Sathwika Reddy Gullapalli, Veeru Gugulothu, and Bhaskar Jimidi. "A REVIEW ON TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research 4, no. 3 (2025): 103–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15561434.

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Transdermal drug delivery is the most commonly used for topical delivery of a drug. It is a painless method of delivering drugs to the targeted organ. It is a best way to enhance the bioavailability of the drug at the site. Transdermal drug delivery aims for systemic effects by controlling the release of drug into the blood stream. This paper gives a brief information of transdermal drug delivery and explains how the drug enters into the systemic circulation. Transdermal is a route of administration wherein active ingredients are delivered across the skin for systemic distribution. E

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Sakshi, Kulkarni* Prof. Zahid Anwer Ansari Shahid Ahmed Prof. Madhuri Shirsath Prof. Tufail Dana Prof. Manohar Nikam. "Review on Recent Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 2 (2025): 2048–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14936820.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) offer a novel method for administering therapeutic agents through the skin to achieve systemic effects. These systems are engineered to deliver medications at controlled rates across the dermal barrier, providing an alternative to traditional oral or injectable methods. The primary benefits of TDDS include the elimination of first-pass metabolism, improved patient adherence due to their user-friendly nature, and the capacity to sustain stable drug levels in the bloodstream. This review highlights the essential elements of TDDS, such as drug formulation,

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Wadekar, Mr Shrikant Raju, Miss Anjali Mali, and Dr Gajanan Sanap. "Recent Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS): A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 12 (2023): 492–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.57326.

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Abstract: The transdermal route of administration has many advantages over more traditional routes of drug administration. They contain high bioavailability, lack of first-pass hepatic metabolism, stable plasma drug concns., and fact that the treatment is non-invasive. The biggest barrier to the penetration of medicinal molecules is the outer layer of the skin, stratum corneum. Thus, research to improve transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is worthwhile this layer is the area of interest. This review article is written to provide coverage commentary recent advances in TDD improvement techniques. Te

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Ankita, Padale1 Ajit Tuwar2 Dr. Megha Salve3. "Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: A Non-Invasive Approach to Medication Administration." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 11 (2024): 1165–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14211648.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are non-invasive, self-contained dosage forms designed to deliver therapeutic agents through the skin and into the systemic circulation. TDDS offer a valuable alternative to oral and injectable routes, providing improved patient compliance, reduced side effects, and sustained drug release. These systems utilize various technologies, including patches, gels, and sprays, to facilitate drug permeation across the skin barrier. Key benefits of TDDS include: Enhanced bioavailability Reduced first-pass metabolism Prolonged drug action Minimized systemic side e

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Sun, Yi-yang, Ya-jing Ni, Run-jia Wang, et al. "Establishment and Validation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for the Anti-Depressant Drug Citalopram Hydrobromide." Molecules 29, no. 4 (2024): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29040767.

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To enhance the bioavailability and antihypertensive effect of the anti-depressant drug citalopram hydrobromide (CTH) we developed a sustained-release transdermal delivery system containing CTH. A transdermal diffusion meter was first used to determine the optimal formulation of the CTH transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS). Then, based on the determined formulation, a sustained-release patch was prepared; its physical characteristics, including quality, stickiness, and appearance, were evaluated, and its pharmacokinetics and irritation to the skin were evaluated by applying it to rabbits and

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Uchida, Noriyuki, Masayoshi Yanagi, and Hiroki Hamada. "Physical Enhancement? Nanocarrier? Current Progress in Transdermal Drug Delivery." Nanomaterials 11, no. 2 (2021): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11020335.

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A transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is a method that provides drug adsorption via the skin. TDDS could replace conventional oral administration and blood administration because it is easily accessible. However, it is still difficult to design efficient TDDS due to the high barrier property of skin covered with stratum corneum, which inhibits the permeation of drug molecules. Thus far, TDDS methods by applying physical stimuli such as microneedles and chemical stimuli such as surfactants have been actively developed. However, it has been hard to avoid inflammation at the administration si

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Birajdar, Rohit Lahu. "A Review on Recent Transdermal Drug Delivery Techniques and its Evaluation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 3345–50. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.68939.

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In today's world, around 74% of medications are taken orally, and many of them are discovered to be ineffective. Transdermal medication delivery systems have been developed to improve these characteristics. Many biomedical advantages linked with this technique of medication delivery have piqued the interest of researchers. Apart of it the greatest challenge, though, is to achieve high skin imperviousness. Overcome in order to distribute therapeutic molecules to the systemic circulation via this pathway. It differs from standard topical drug delivery because it is delivered through the skin. Th

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