Journal articles on the topic 'Transformation from PDF to XHTML'

In scientific metrology practise the application of Monte Carlo simulations with the aid of the GUM Supplement 2 (GS2) technique for performing multivariate uncertainty analyses is now more prevalent, however a key remaining challenge for metrologists in many laboratories is the implicit assumption of Gaussian characteristics for summarizing and analysing measurement model results. Whilst non-Gaussian probability density functions (PDFs) may result from Monte Carlo simulations when the GS2 is applied for more complex non-linear measurement models, in practice results are typically only reported in terms of multivariate expected and covariance values. Due to this limitation the measurement model PDF summary is implicitly restricted to a multivariate Gaussian PDF in the absence of additional higher order statistics (HOS) information. In this paper an earlier classical theoretical result by Rosenblatt that allows for an arbitrary multivariate joint distribution function to be transformed into an equivalent system of Gaussian distributions with mapped variables is revisited. Numerical simulations are performed in order to analyse and compare the accuracy of the equivalent Gaussian system of mapped random variables for approximating a measurement model’s PDF with that of an exact non-Gaussian PDF that is obtained with a GS2 Monte Carlo statistical simulation. Results obtained from the investigation indicate that a Rosenblatt transformation offers a convenient mechanism to utilize just the joint PDF obtained from the GS2 data in order to both sample points from a non-Gaussian distribution, and also in addition which allows for a simple two-dimensional approach to estimate coupled uncertainties of random variables residing in higher dimensions using conditional densities without the need for determining parametric based copulas.

This article describes TagML, a method to generate collections of XML documents using model-to-model (M2M) transformations. To accomplish this goal, we define the TagML meta-model and the TagML-to-XML model-to-text transformation. While TagML models represent the essential characteristics of collections of XML documents, the TagML-to-XML transformation generates the textual representation of collections of XML documents from TagML models. This approach enables developers to define model-to-model transformations to generate TagML models. These models are turned into text applying the TagML-to-XML transformation. Consequently, developers are able to use declarative languages to define model-to-text transformations that generate XML documents, instead of traditional archetype-based languages to define model-to-text transformations that generate collections of XML documents. The TagML model editor as well as the TagML-to-XML transformation were developed as Eclipse plugins using the Eclipse Modeling Framework. The plugin has been developed following the Object Modeling Group standards to ensure the compatibility with legacy tools. Using TagML, unlike other previous proposals, implies the use of model-to-model transformations to generate XML documents, instead of model-to-text transformations, which results on an improvement of the transformation readability and reliability, as well as a reduction of the transformation maintenance costs. The proposed approach helps developers to define transformations less prone to errors than using the traditional approach. The novelty of this approach is based on the way XML documents are generated using model-to-model transformations instead of traditional model-to-text transformations. Moreover, the simplicity of the proposed approach enables the generation of XML documents without the need for any transformation configuration, which does not penalize the model reuse. To illustrate the features of the proposal, we present the generation of XHTML documents using UML class diagrams as input models. The evaluation section demonstrates that the proposed method is less prone to errors than the traditional one.

Stream runoff is perhaps the most poorly represented process in ecohydrological stochastic soil moisture models. Here we present a rainfall-runoff model with a new stochastic description of runoff linked to soil moisture dynamics. We describe the rainfall-runoff system as the joint probability density function (PDF) of rainfall, soil moisture and runoff forced by random, instantaneous jumps of rainfall. We develop a master equation for the soil moisture PDF that accounts explicitly for a general state-dependent rainfall-runoff transformation. This framework is then used to derive the joint rainfall-runoff and soil moisture-runoff PDFs. Runoff is initiated by a soil moisture threshold and a linear progressive partitioning of rainfall based on the soil moisture status. We explore the dependence of the PDFs on the rainfall occurrence PDF (homogeneous or state-dependent Poisson process) and the rainfall magnitude PDF (exponential or mixed-exponential distribution). We calibrate the model to 63 years of rainfall and runoff data from the Upper Little Tennessee watershed (USA) and show how the new model can reproduce the measured runoff PDF.

Acid-activated montmorillonite (smectite) clay was used to eliminate olefins and transform thiophenes and mercaptans present in aromatic BTX (benzene-toluene-xylene) streams from the aromatic extraction unit of COPESUL - Companhia Petroqufmica do Sul. The working temperature of the mineral clay was raised above normally specified values since difficulties were encountered to meet the specification for hydrogen sulfide in xylene and trimethylbenzene. The experimental results showed that montmorillonite (smectite) clay was suitable for olefin elimination and sulfur compounds transformation at higher reaction temperatures (200 °C) and that the useful life for catalytic operations could be prolonged by raising the temperature.

All veterinary schools in Australasia require students in the first half of their course to complete work integrated learning (WIL) during vacation time on a range of animal enterprises. This allows students to gain an understanding of how the enterprises function on a day to day basis and compare to the theoretical training that students receive on-campus. The time on-property required is equivalent to 60 days of work with a requirement to visit several enterprises (AVBC, 2016). COVID-19 required immediate cessation of all on-property placements. Given the limited number of holiday weeks available for WIL we developed an on-line experiential program to support student learning. The backbone of the online WIL experience relied on previously developed or developing virtual reality (VR) farm resources; the 4DVirtual Farm and DookieVR (Barber etal, 2016). These resources allow students to visit properties via multiple 360 images through time on a property, allowing virtual travel through time and place to see what happens on an enterprise throughout a year. They also integrate environmental variables and both 360 and standard video to provide access to further information. They are viewable using mobile phones, laptop and desktop systems as well as VR viewers. The basic VR resource allows students to take their own tour around the property however the week of experiential learning was planned to reinforce the students’ ability to see what happens on the individual property throughout the year. This compares to an individual property visit where a student gains more “hands-on” insight for a much more limited timespan of the year, usually 1-2 weeks. The week of synchronous, experiential learning used Zoom as the primary tool to allow communication between staff and students with content managed on the learning management system, Canvas. The standard format for each day involved an initial entire class group session, mostly in didactic information transfer from staff to students and then a mixture of small group, full class or individual tasks. Assessment of content understanding was evaluated on a regular basis using multiple choice questions or word responses using PollEverywhere. The large class group of 100-250 students broke into small virtual rooms of 6 to 8 students. Each day this small student group had a task to complete and submit via Feedback Fruits, which then allocated individual students to provide written feedback on the group report by the next day. Time was allocated for students to review these reports both individually and then to discuss the multiple reports that group members were assessing and submit feedback. In addition, each small group reported on a relevant name to the veterinary industry, either from current or historical times. A short video detailing the link of this name to the veterinary industry was posted to Flipgrid for both staff and other students to review. Student understanding of the week was measured at the commencement and completion of the week using an online multiple choice quiz as well as receiving student feedback by an online survey. This presentation will cover the background, development and design of the week and associated material. References AVBC (2016), Standard 9.3 Extra Mural Studies (EMS or Workplace Learning), page 32, Australasian Veterinary Boards Council, https://avbc.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/documents/public/AVBCStandardsAug2016.pdf Barber S, Hallein E, Shallcross D, Weston J, Jacobson C, Bramley E, Celi P, McGowan M (2016), Final report: Development of 4D farms to improve student learning and safety, Office of Learning and Teaching https://ltr.edu.au/resources/ID12_2365_Barber_Report_2016.pdf

The generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion Method (gPCEM), which is a random uncertainty analysis method by employing the orthogonal polynomial bases from the Askey scheme to represent the random space, has been widely used in engineering applications due to its good performance in both computational efficiency and accuracy. But in gPCEM, a nonlinear transformation of random variables should always be used to adapt the generalized Polynomial Chaos theory for the analysis of random problems with complicated probability distributions, which may introduce nonlinearity in the procedure of random uncertainty propagation as well as leading to approximation errors on the probability distribution function (PDF) of random variables. This paper aims to develop a flexible polynomial expansion method for response analysis of the finite element system with bounded random variables following arbitrary probability distributions. Based on the large family of Jacobi polynomials, an Improved Jacobi Chaos Expansion Method (IJCEM) is proposed. In IJCEM, the response of random system is approximated by the Jacobi expansion with the Jacobi polynomial basis whose weight function is the closest to the probability density distribution (PDF) of the random variable. Subsequently, the moments of the response can be efficiently calculated though the Jacobi expansion. As the IJCEM avoids the necessity that the PDF should be represented in terms of the weight function of polynomial basis by using the variant transformation, neither the nonlinearity nor the errors on random models will be introduced in IJCEM. Numerical examples on two random problems show that compared with gPCEM, the IJCEM can achieve better efficiency and accuracy for random problems with complex probability distributions.

From an ecological perspective, the Anthropocene marks the need for a more creative, constructive, and coevolutionary relation to the earth. In ecosocialist theory, this demands the reconstitution of society at large—over decades and centuries. However, given the threat to the earth as a place of human habitation this transformation requires immediate reversals in the regime of accumulation.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.

Background: The studies were carried out on the Maryano-Cheburgolsky irrigation array in the Krasnoarmeisky district of the Krasnodar Territory. Aim: This work aims to study the oxidation-reduction processes and activity of iron compounds in meadow-chernozem and meadow-boggy soils of rice agrocenoses of the Kuban region. Methods: Soil samples were taken from paddy fields occupied by rice and perennial grasses, in which the pH value, redox potential (Eh, mV), magnetic susceptibility (χ×10-3 S.I. units), and the content of active iron compounds (FeO and Fe2O3, mg/100 g) were determined. Results and Discussion: The reductive processes created in the soils of rice fields after flooding led to the transformation of poorly soluble Fe2O3 compounds into more active reaction forms of FeO. The maximum content of FeO and the minimum amount of Fe2O3 were recorded during the period of negative Eh values. The maximum reduction of iron in meadow-boggy and meadow-chernozem soils was achieved by the phase of flowering of rice plants at Eh = -127, pH = 7.36 units, rH2 = 10 and Eh = -152...-167 mV, pH = 6.89-7.10 units, rH2 = 9, respectively. Conclusions: In the soil of permanent rice cultivation, the dynamics of Eh and iron compounds are similar to the fields of rice crop rotation. In non-flooded soils of rice fields under perennial grasses, the oxidative regime prevails, and the transformation of iron compounds is not expressed. The minimum values of χ coincide with the maximum content of ferrous iron in soils at negative Eh values, which corresponds to the rice flowering phase. Correlation coefficients of χ with Eh, FeO, and Fe2O3 equal from +0.66 to +0.75, from -0.69 to -0.84, and from +0.74 to +0.77, respectively. The χ value increases in the soil under crops of perennial grasses with a predominance of oxidative processes. The correlation coefficient between χ and Fe2O3 equals from +0.83 to +0.90.

Digital transformation is in a period of strong development, playing an important role in the development of public and private organizations. Its implications are still being clarified. However, up to now, the category of digital transformation has many different conceptions. Therefore, the objective of the paper contributes to the interpretation and discovery of the perception of digital transformation, the cognitive development of digital transformation, the positive aspects of the digital transformation process, the achievements achieved, the urgency of the digital transformation before the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and challenges and limitations in the initiative of the contingent of civil servants and leaders in the digital transformation process. The research method is mainly based on the available documents from journals, books, research works, and the views of the authors expressed on the websites as a basis for making the analysis evaluate. The discoveries in the research will contribute to building the theoretical basis and direction in making some suggestions for leaders. In practical terms, research has shown that digital transformation can be a challenge, but perceive and prepare for leadership thinking innovation that drives successful digital transformation across countries, especially emerging countries is essential. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-03 Full Text: PDF

Teaching chemistry employing a problem-solving approach is widely used and studies recommend it for different teaching levels since it allows students to develop concepts, procedures (know how to do), and attitudes (know how to be). From this standpoint and considering the importance of sugar cane, this study proposes a problem linked to an experimental activity classified as small research. The activities make it possible to explore chemical concepts from the reactions obtained in the analysis of iron (III) ions in a sample of “unrefined brown sugar. Iron (III) ions can be identified in solution, due to the emergence of a specific color, in the presence of adequate reagents. The experiment allows exploration of contents linked to chemical transformation and related to environmental and social approaches, involving an agricultural culture historically connected to Brazil, particularly the North-Northeast region

I present a parametric, bijective transformation to generate heavy tail versions of arbitrary random variables. The tail behavior of thisheavy tail Lambert W × FXrandom variable depends on a tail parameterδ≥0: forδ=0,Y≡X, forδ>0 Yhas heavier tails thanX. ForXbeing Gaussian it reduces to Tukey’shdistribution. The Lambert W function provides an explicit inverse transformation, which can thus remove heavy tails from observed data. It also provides closed-form expressions for the cumulative distribution (cdf) and probability density function (pdf). As a special case, these yield analytic expression for Tukey’shpdf and cdf. Parameters can be estimated by maximum likelihood and applications to S&P 500 log-returns demonstrate the usefulness of the presented methodology. The R packageLambertWimplements most of the introduced methodology and is publicly available onCRAN.

AbstractGaussianizing transformations are used statistically in many non-cosmological fields, but in cosmology, we are only starting to apply them. Here I explain a strategy of analyzing the 1-point function (PDF) of a spatial field, together with the ‘essential’ clustering statistics of the Gaussianized field, which are invariant to a local transformation. In cosmology, if the tracer sampling is sufficient, this achieves two important goals. First, it can greatly multiply the Fisher information, which is negligible on nonlinear scales in the usual δ statistics. Second, it decouples clustering statistics from a local bias description for tracers such as galaxies.

Theoretical concepts and the practical application of the three-dimensional pair distribution function (3D-PDF) method and its variant, the three-dimensional Δ-pair distribution function (3D-ΔPDF) method, are presented. In analogy to traditional Patterson function analysis, advantage is taken of the Fourier transformation either of the full three-dimensional diffraction pattern of a disordered crystal or just of the isolated diffuse scattering, respectively. By the use of three-dimensional information, analysis of disorder becomes straightforward, and it becomes possible to investigate far more complicated structures than is feasible with well established powder diffraction-based PDF analysis. Compared to more traditional modelling techniques, such as Monte Carlo simulation, the 3D-ΔPDF provides direct access to disorder models and allows selective modelling of distinct structural features, which are, in contrast to reciprocal space, well localized in PDF space. The principles of the 3D-ΔPDF approach are exemplified using an analysis of the twofold (∼8 Å) periodic superstructure of a decagonal Al65Cu20Co15quasicrystal. Although analysis of disorder in quasicrystals is far more demanding than in the case of periodic structures, details of the disordered structure could be elucidated. The superstructure is found to be built from columnar units, having a maximum diameter of ∼14.5 Å. The lateral correlation between these columns is weak. Internally, the columns consist of a long-range-ordered alternation of flat and puckered layers. The development of the model and the atomic structure of the columns are described in detail.

Abstract A detailed reanalysis is presented of a “Bayesian” climate parameter study (as exemplified by Forest et al.) that estimates climate sensitivity (ECS) jointly with effective ocean diffusivity and aerosol forcing, using optimal fingerprints to compare multidecadal observations with simulations by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2D climate model at varying settings of the three climate parameters. Use of improved methodology primarily accounts for the 90% confidence bounds for ECS reducing from 2.1–8.9 K to 2.0–3.6 K. The revised methodology uses Bayes's theorem to derive a probability density function (PDF) for the whitened (made independent using an optimal fingerprint transformation) observations, for which a uniform prior is known to be noninformative. A dimensionally reducing change of variables onto the parameter surface is then made, deriving an objective joint PDF for the climate parameters. The PDF conversion factor from the whitened variables space to the parameter surface represents a noninformative joint parameter prior, which is far from uniform. The noninformative prior prevents more probability than data uncertainty distributions warrant being assigned to regions where data respond little to parameter changes, producing better-constrained PDFs. Incorporating 6 years of unused model simulation data and revising the experimental design to improve diagnostic power reduces the best-fit climate sensitivity. Employing the improved methodology, preferred 90% bounds of 1.2–2.2 K for ECS are then derived (mode and median 1.6 K). The mode is identical to those from Aldrin et al. and [using the same Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Research Unit temperature, version 4 (HadCRUT4), observational dataset] from Ring et al. Incorporating nonaerosol forcing and observational surface temperature uncertainties, unlike in the original study, widens the 90% range to 1.0–3.0 K.

The operating speed profile models adopt acceleration and deceleration as constant values obtained from kinematic models, assuming that the operating speeds between two consecutive sections are not spatially correlated. Existent research shows that acceleration and deceleration in horizontal reverse curves (HRC) depend on the tangent length and curve radii. In this paper, accelerations/decelerations-geometry models for light cars are proposed. The models are based on the data obtained in-field with a 10 Hz GPS under favourable traffic, weather, and pavement condition to isolate the effect of road geometry over the speed changes. The models were calibrated using the 95th percentile of acceleration probability density function (pdf) obtained section to section in the HRC. It was found that the acceleration and deceleration pdf follow the Burr distribution. Therefore, a Box–Cox transformation is needed to properly calibrate acceleration-geometry models. The models obtained confirmed that accelerations and decelerations depend on the radius of entrance and departure curves of the HRC. The results contribute to better understanding of the acceleration/deceleration patterns of light cars and to enhancing operating speed models in the HRC.

We apply to bidimensional chaotic maps the numerical method proposed by Ginelli et al. [2007] to approximate the associated Oseledets splitting, i.e. the set of linear subspaces spanned by the so-called covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLV) and corresponding to the Lyapunov spectrum. These subspaces are the analog of linearized invariant manifolds for nonperiodic points, so the angles between them can be used to quantify the degree of hyperbolicity of generic orbits; however, such splitting being noninvariant under smooth transformations of phase space, it is interesting to investigate the properties of transversality when coordinates change, e.g. to study it in distinct dynamical systems. To illustrate this issue on the Chirikov–Taylor standard map, we compare the probability densities of transversality for two different coordinate systems; these are connected by a linear transformation that deforms splitting angles through phase space, changing also the probability density of almost-zero angles although complete tangencies are in fact invariant. This is completely due to the PDF transformation law and strongly suggests that any statistical inference from such distributions must be generally taken with care.

AbstractIce-sheet models can be used to forecast ice losses from Antarctica and Greenland, but to fully quantify the risks associated with sea-level rise, probabilistic forecasts are needed. These require estimates of the probability density function (PDF) for various model parameters (e.g. the basal drag coefficient and ice viscosity). To infer such parameters from satellite observations it is common to use inverse methods. Two related approaches are in use: (1) minimization of a cost function that describes the misfit to the observations, often accompanied by explicit or implicit regularization, or (2) use of Bayes’ theorem to update prior assumptions about the probability of parameters. Both approaches have much in common and questions of regularization often map onto implicit choices of prior probabilities that are made explicit in the Bayesian framework. In both approaches questions can arise that seem to demand subjective input. One way to specify prior PDFs more objectively is by deriving transformation group priors that are invariant to symmetries of the problem, and then maximizing relative entropy, subject to any additional constraints. Here we investigate the application of these methods to the derivation of priors for a Bayesian approach to an idealized glaciological inverse problem.

The article deals with the results of environmental regulation of doses introduced into a multicomponent carbon-containing preparation for the burning of heavy metals and the microbiological activity of the soil. The relevance of the research is based on, on the one hand, in global degradation, degasification and reduction of soil fertility. On the other hand, it is the worldwide accumulation of production and consumption waste. This study aimed to assess the effect of doses of the product from ash, slag, and carbon black on pH, heavy metal content, and microbiological activity of ordinary chernozem soil for cultivating spring wheat. The experiments were conducted in a walled-zone of Northern Kazakhstan. Soil pH was determined by a potentiometric method, the application of floe discovered the microbiological activity of the soil, the microflora was accounted for by sowing the soil suspension on solid nutrient media, and heavy metals were determined by stripping voltammetry. Bacteria utilizing organic nitrogen compounds; microorganisms consuming mineral nitrogen; oligonitrophils; bacteria mobilizing mineral phosphates; cellulose-destroying microorganisms; nitrification and mushrooms were studied. The studied preparation was observed to contribute to the neutralization of the soil, and the activation of microbiological processes. According to the evidence, it can be verified that the preparation of ash and carbon black ambiguously affects the number of microorganisms. An increase in the number of ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying agents and the coefficient of transformation of organic matter, as well as an increase in the availability of soil with easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, were noted. The content of heavy metals did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. Thus, the use of a product based on ash, slag, and carbon black to fertilize black earth soils on spring wheat crops are environmentally safe.

The importance of amorphous rare-earth/transition-metal (Re-TM) alloys for use as magneto-optic (MO) storage media has been shown first in 1973. First atomic structural data of amorphous Fe2Tb were given in 1974 and compared with those of a crystalline counterpart, which is the well-known Laves phase. Significant differences of short range order (sro) in amorphous and crystalline Fe2Tb have been found. Similiar results were given in 1986 for a composition Fe79Tb21, to be used for MO-recording.In this work we present pair distribution functions (PDF’s) determined from electron diffraction data for amorphous FeTb alloys. It has been shown that Fourier transformation of the experimental observed diffraction intensities gives the original infinite lattice of an investigated (crystalline) specimen multiplied by its selfcorrelation-function. Therefore the PDF approaches zero for r-values greater than the distance ro representing the mean dimension of a crystal.

One of the major problems in texture analysis is segmenting images into different regions based on textures. In this paper, we present a new approach of texture segmentation, which is based on both Kohonen maps and mathematical morphology, using three different texture features, namely, Haralick features based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), fractal features based on fractal dimension using the differential box counting method, and wavelet features based on wavelet transform. These features are used to train the Kohonen Network, which will be represented by the underlying probability density function (PDF). The segmentation of this map’s representation is made by morphological watershed transformation. In the final part of our algorithm, this will help on the segmentation of the textural image, by assigning each pixel to a modal region extracted from the map. Our work covers the results obtained by the three extraction methods taking into consideration the execution time and the error rate.

Abstract With their practical introduction by the 1970s, virtual product data have emerged to a primary technical source of intelligence in manufacturing. Modern organization have since then deployed and continuously improved strategies, methods and tools to feed the individual needs of their business domains, multidisciplinary teams, and supply chain, mastering the growing complexity of virtual product development. As far as product data are concerned, data exchange, 3D visualization, and communication are crucial processes for reusing manufacturing intelligence across lifecycle stages. Research and industry have developed several CAD interoperability, and visualization formats to uphold these product development strategies. Most of them, however, have not yet provided sufficient integration capabilities required for current digital transformation needs, mainly due to their lack of versatility in the multi-domains of the product lifecycle and primary focus on individual product descriptions. This paper analyses the methods and tools used in virtual product development to leverage 3D CAD data in the entire life cycle based on industrial standards. It presents a set of versatile concepts for mastering exchange, aware and unaware visualization and collaboration from single technical packages fit purposely for various domains and disciplines. It introduces a 3D master document utilizing PDF techniques, which fulfills requirements for electronic discovery and enables multi-domain collaboration and long-term data retention for the digital enterprise. Highlights With their practical introduction by the 1970s, virtual product data have emerged to a primary technical source of intelligence in manufacturing. Modern organization have since then deployed and continuously improved strategies, methods and tools to feed the individual needs of their business domains, multidisciplinary teams, and supply chain, mastering the growing complexity of virtual product development. As far as product data are concerned, data exchange, 3D visualization, and communication are crucial processes for reusing manufacturing intelligence across lifecycle stages. Research and industry have developed several CAD interoperability, and visualization formats to uphold these product development strategies. Most of them, however, have not yet provided sufficient integration capabilities required for current digital transformation needs, mainly due to their lack of versatility in the multi-domains of the product lifecycle and primary focus on individual product descriptions. This paper analyses the methods and tools used in virtual product development to leverage 3D CAD data in the entire life cycle. It presents a set of versatile concepts for mastering exchange, aware and unaware visualization and collaboration from single technical packages fit purposely for various domains and disciplines. It introduces a 3D master document utilizing PDF techniques, which fulfills requirements for electronic discovery and enables multi-domain collaboration and long-term data retention for the digital enterprise. 3D interoperability makes an important contribution to engineering collaboration. Several formats made to that end successively deal with challenges of their time. Some of these such as STEP are highly verbose formats, which gradually encapsulate all information necessary to define a product, its manufacture, and lifecycle support. Others are focusing best on lightweight visualization use cases and endure better with increasing size and complexity of data. Traditional formats like STEP and JT, though, are not capable of supporting the publishing activity in even broader fashion. New tendencies therefore are aiming at strengthening these individual formats through combination with complementary standards or by using document-based approaches. Unlike STEP or JT, 3D PDF can serve multiple purposes and leverages 3D data downstream throughout the product lifecycle to create, distribute and manage ubiquitous, highly consumable, role-specific rich renditions. Based on its container structure, 3D PDF is a fundamentally different approach from traditional experience established in product development – it is an exceptionally proficient contextual aggregation of multi-domain and multi-disciplinary product data. The manufacturing community should embrace it as an addition and great improvement to current engineering collaboration standards. All engineering components required for its descriptions are meanwhile published international standards. The productive use of 3D PDF for sure requires a change in the current mode of operation, be it simply because the traditional CAD model promptly demands new technical descriptions. More perspectives, which have not been primary focus of this approach need to be addressed in order to implement the 3D digital master concept of this paper in the industry. For the complete process to work properly, the actual workflows of today's business organizations must succeed a readiness check involving enhanced technical documentation capabilities of the authoring (CAx) applications based on 3D, PLM, and manufacturing workflows as well as new ways for engineering data communication with supply chain partners in the digital enterprise.

Optical Character Recognition, or OCR, is a technology that enables you to convert different types of documents, such as scanned paper documents, PDF files or images captured by a digital camera into editable and searchable data format. OCR is the translation of optically scanned bitmap of printed or written text character into the character codes, such as ASCII. This is an efficient way to turn hard copy material into digital data files that can be edited or manipulated. The optical character recognition refers to the branch of computer science that involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that the computer can manipulate. The potential of this technology is typically used for general character recognition which includes the transformation of anything humanly readable to machine manipulatable representation. OCR systems are enormous because they enable users to harness the power of computers to access printed documents. The aim of this paper is to find a means by which the database entry from handwritten forms can be automated. Firstly the paper deals with the technology scanning hard copy data. Secondly describes machine learning process for training the system for converting hard copy into soft copy

The Faculty of Agriculture (FoA) (University of Mauritius) is the only tertiary Education Institution in the country providing graduate training in Agriculture with an annual enrolment of about 100-125 students. Although the relative contribution of the Agricultural sector to the economy has declined over the past decade — share to GDP: 3.0% in 2014 as compared to 6.4% in 2004<a title="" href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> the introduction of new schemes in support of Bio- Farming, food processing and value-addition will attract new entrepreneurs to Agriculture. This transformation in the Agriculture sector will create new job opportunities, but has to leverage on skilled human capital. Graduates with good employability skills are of strategic importance to the FoA, in line with the government’s vision to develop a knowledge-based economy. This study aimed at mapping out the set of skills, understandings and personal attributes that will increase the job prospects of the fresh graduate from FoA in Agriculture. The main research question centred on the perceptions of employers, alumni and students of the FoA, concerning the most relevant competences for the Subject Area (key general and key subject specific competences), understandings and personal attributes, which enhance the employability of graduates in Agriculture. Using semi-structured interviews, the study explored and triangulated the perceptions from four key stakeholders’ perspectives, namely: a range of employers, Industry Placement Supervisors, alumni of the FoA and current students. Both quantitative and qualitative insights of the perceptions on the employability skills of FoA undergraduates were obtained from a wide range of employers from the private and public sector. An analysis of data from the interviews and responses was carried out using SPSS. The key attributes that were valued by the key stakeholders have been used to inform the ‘<em>Employability Skills Subject Area Framework</em>’, and the ‘<em>Curriculum Mapping</em>’, proposed for the degree of BSc (Hons) Agriscience and Technology of the FoA.<div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> “Digest of Agricultural Statistics Mauritius,” Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, <a href="http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/Digest/Digest%20of%20Agricultural%20Statistics%202014.pdf" target="_blank">http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/Digest/Digest%20of%20Agricultural%20Statistics%202014.pdf</a>.</p></div></div>

The globalization of production and its shift to low-wage countries is the most significant and dynamic transformation of the neoliberal era. Its fundamental driving force is what some economists call "global labor arbitrage": the efforts by firms in Europe, North America, and Japan to cut costs and boost profits by replacing higher-waged domestic labor with cheaper foreign labor, achieved either through emigration of production ("outsourcing," as used here) or through immigration of workers. Reduction in tariffs and removal of barriers to capital flows have spurred the migration of production to low-wage countries, but militarization of borders and rising xenophobia have had the opposite effect on the migration of workers from these countries&mdash;not stopping it altogether, but inhibiting its flow and reinforcing migrants' vulnerable, second-class status.<p class="mrlink"><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-67-number-3" title="Vol. 67, No. 3: July 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>

By taking a cylindrical LiFePO4 power battery as the research object, the cycle performance test was conducted under different charging current aging paths in a preset low-temperature environment and combined with EIS results to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the battery during the aging process, using the PDF (Probability Density Function) curve to analyze the change of battery energy storage characteristics, and analyze the aging mechanism of the power battery by analyzing the change in the lithium precipitation energy difference. The experimental results showed that under a low-temperature environment, the effect of increasing the charge rate is mainly reflected in slowing down the phase transformation reaction. From the analysis of lithium precipitation of the battery, it can be seen that the main mechanism of the aging of the battery is the loss of active lithium under the conditions of low-rate cycling at sub-zero temperature. The products from the side reaction between the lithium plating and the electrolyte build up on the SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interphase) film, which significantly increases the battery impedance late in the cycle. The work in this paper complements the mechanistic studies of lithium-ion batteries under different aging paths and is also useful for capacity estimation models and research on battery health.

Health Education England (HEE) through its publication of Knowledge for Healthcare (HEE (2014) Knowledge for Healthcare: a development framework for NHS Library and Knowledge Services in England 2015–2020. https://www.hee.nhs.uk/sites/default/files/documents/Knowledge_for_healthcare_a_development_framework_2014.pdf sets out an ambitious vision to transform NHS Library and Knowledge Services at a time of great change for the health service. Five years on this article outlines the key strand of work undertaken to mobilise evidence and organisational knowledge at scale across the health service in England. Using evidence and knowledge is crucial to drive and sustain change and the role of librarians and knowledge specialists is business critical to underpin this service transformation in healthcare. Driver diagrams were used to plan the work to encourage NHS organisations to apply and use evidence, build know-how, continue to learn and drive innovation. Engagement with senior stakeholders was a critical enabler and the impact of the #AMillionDecisions advocacy campaign to highlight the multiple benefits of working with librarians and knowledge specialists is considered. The development of practical tools has supported delivery. These have included a maturity model self-assessment tool to identify opportunities to use evidence and knowledge by senior leaders and updating of the NHS Knowledge Mobilisation Framework e-learning and postcards to enable healthcare staff to use simple knowledge management techniques to share their knowledge and learning. This work was dependent upon developing the skills of existing health librarians and various approaches are described. The article concludes with a reflection on the recommendations from the Topol Review (Topol E (2019) The Topol Review. Preparing the healthcare workforce to deliver the digital future. An independent report on behalf of the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care. https://topol.hee.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/HEE-Topol-Review-2019.pdf (accessed 31 January 2020)) to expand the knowledge specialist workforce and outlines future developments planned for the next 5 years and beyond.

To link Marxism and ecological transition may seem at first like trying to bridge two entirely different movements and discourses, each with its own history and logic: one having mainly to do with class relations, the other with the relation between humans and the environment. However, historically socialism has influenced the development of ecological thought and practice, while ecology has informed socialist thought and practice. Since the nineteenth century, the relationship between the two has been complex, interdependent, and dialectical.&hellip; This essay unearths the deep ecological roots of Marx's thought, showing how he brought an environmental perspective to bear on the overarching question of social transformation. From there it traces the evolution of Marxian ecology, illuminating its profound, formative link to modern ecological economics and systems ecology. It concludes with the wider project of building the broad and deep social movement required to halt and reverse ecological and social destruction.<p class="mrlink"><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-67-number-7" title="Vol. 67, No. 7: December 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>

There are 39 CRYSTMET® entries in the hexagonal space group P-3m1 (164) reporting both distinct pure phase compounds and atomic coordinates. Having the same Wyckoff positions in the same space group as the C6 structure type, all are isopointal with it. The range of observed c/a values extends from about 0.65 to 1.83. Three types are distinguished: Layered materials with CdI2 type, the CeCd2 type which is a slight distortion of the hexagonal AlB2 type, and the intermediate EuGe2 type made of the materials AuTe2, BaSi2, EuGe2, and SrGe2. Ab initio modeling of the 26 entries with CdI2 and EuGe2 type and atomic coordinates reproduces convincingly both their c/a axial ratios and z coordinates. For CoO2 and SiTe2, both c/a and z deviate to a degree from the reported values, indicating that those materials should be reexamined for superstructures, stoichiometry, etc. Ab initio modeling of the 11 cell-and-type entries with CdI2 type and no coordinates in CRYSTMET reproduced convincingly their reported axial ratios. The X-ray cell data and the ab initioz coordinates were then used in the production of reliable calculated powder patterns for CoTe2, CrSe2, HfS2, HfSe2, HfTe2, NbTe2, SnSe2, VS2, VTe2, ZrS2, and ZrTe2. All 11 patterns have been inserted in the intense diffraction line search system of CRYSTMET operated under the Materials Toolkit. Comparison of calculated patterns for SnSe2 and ZrTe2 with experimental entries in the PDF exposes the complementarity of calculated and experimental powder patterns and suggests that JCPDS pattern #15-223 should be reinterpreted in terms of the CdI2 structure type. The CeCd2⇔AlB2 type transformation is modeled and discussed on YCd2 using both ab initio methods and a hard-sphere model. For z<0.45, the ab initio solution is identical with that from the hard-sphere model while a quantum regime is predicted in the small region 0.45<z<0.467 beyond which YCd2 abruptly transforms to the AlB2 type. In spite of the new understanding gained, this modeling fell slightly short of allowing calculation of z values and powder patterns for the materials CaHg2, DyHg2, ErCd2, GdHg2, HoCd2, HoHg2, LuCd2, NdCd2, SmHg2, TbCd2, and TbHg2 with no coordinates in CRYSTMET.

Religious tolerance is a supporter of social harmony and brings a country to a better life. Instilling tolerance in early childhood is a challenge for early childhood educators. This study aims to describe the transformation of religious tolerance values ​​by teachers in early childhood education. This research is a type of qualitative case study research model with researchers as observer participants. This research produces the following findings, that (1) transformation of tolerance values ​​among religious communities, is explicitly not taught in Early Childhood Education (ECE) on the grounds that all students are of the same religion, (2) transformation of tolerance of values among religious students taught through learning integrated with other lessons, (3) although explicitly the values ​​of tolerance among religious students are not taught, but the values ​​of togetherness such as greeting, sharing something that is owned, and helping the needs of other students are taught by practicing at the same time. Keywords: Early Childhood Education, Tolerance Values in Religion References: Adams, K. (2019). Navigating the spaces of children’s spiritual experiences: influences of tradition(s), multidisciplinarity and perceptions. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 24(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2019.1619531 Adams, K., Bull, R., & Maynes, M. L. (2016). Early childhood spirituality in education: Towards an understanding of the distinctive features of young children’s spirituality. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 24(5), 760–774. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2014.996425 Atamturk, N. (2018). The role of English as a foreign language classes in tolerance education in relation to school management practices. Quality and Quantity, 52, 1167–1177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0575-7 Banerjee, K., & Bloom, P. (2015). “Everything Happens for a Reason”: Children’s Beliefs About Purpose in Life Events. Child Development, 86(2), 503–518. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12312 Bano, M., & Ferra, E. (2018). Family versus school effect on individual religiosity: Evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Educational Development, 59(August 2017), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2017.10.015 Coleman, E. B., & Eds, K. W. (2011). Religious Tolerance, Education and the Curriculum. In Religious Tolerance, Education and the Curriculum. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-412-6 Elza, Y., Handini, M. C., & Abdurrahman, M. (2018). The Effects of Storytelling Method with Audiovisual Media and Religiosity toward Clean and Healthy Living Program Behaviour ( CHLB ) of Early Childhood. International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research, 6(June), 547–552. Ene, I., & Barna, I. (2015). Religious Education and Teachers’ Role in Students’ Formation towards Social Integration. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 180(November 2014), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.02.081 Ergun, S. J., & Rivas, M. F. (2019). The effect of social roles, religiosity, and values on climate change concern: An empirical analysis for Turkey. Sustainable Development, 27(4), 758–769. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1939 Faas, D., Smith, A., & Darmody, M. (2018). Children’s Agency in Multi-Belief Settings: The Case of Community National Schools in Ireland. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 32(4), 486–500. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2018.1494645 Firdaus, E. (2018). The Learning of Religious Tolerance among Students in Indonesia from the Perspective of Critical Study. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 145(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/145/1/012032 Ganjvar, M. (2019). Islamic Model of Children’s Spiritual Education (CSE); its influence on improvement of communicational behaviour with non-coreligionists. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 24(2), 124–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2019.1624254 Granqvist, P., & Nkara, F. (2017). Nature meets nurture in religious and spiritual development. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 35(1), 142–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12170 Heiphetz, L., Lane, J. D., Waytz, A., & Young, L. L. (2016). How Children and Adults Represent God’s Mind. Cognitive Science, 40(1), 121–144. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12232 King, U. (2013). The spiritual potential of childhood: Awakening to the fullness of life. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 18(1), 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2013.776266 Kirschenbaum, H. (2019). Models of Values Education and Moral Education in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 8(2), 103–109. Lehtonen, M. (2019). The Development of Religious Tolerance: Co-operative Board Games with Children and Adolescents. IATL Reinvention: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2(2). Retrieved from https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/cross_fac/iatl/reinvention/ Łowicki, P., & Zajenkowski, M. (2019). Empathy and Exposure to Credible Religious Acts during Childhood Independently Predict Religiosity. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 00(00), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486 Maussen, M., Bader, V., Dobbernack, J., Modood, T., Olsen, T. V., Fox, J., & Vidra, Z. (2012). Tolerance and cultural diversity in schools Comparative report. Amsterdam. Miedema, S., & Bertram-Troost, G. (2008). Democratic citizenship and religious education: Challenges and perspectives for schools in the Netherlands. British Journal of Religious Education, 30(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200701830970 Moore, D. . (2007). Overcoming Religious Illiteracy: A Cultural Studies Approach to the Study of Religion in Secondary Education. US: Palgrave Macmillan. Niculescu, R. M., & Norel, M. (2013). Religious Education an Important Dimension of Human’s Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 338–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.09.200 Pandya, S. P. (2019). Spiritual education programme (SEP) for enhancing the quality of life of kindergarten school children. Pastoral Care in Education, 37(1), 59–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643944.2018.1562493 Parekh, B. (2019). Ethnocentric Political Theory. Ethnocentric Political Theory, 263–284. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11708-5 Sari, A. D. P., & Indartono, S. (2019). Teaching Religious Tolerance Through Social Studies Education Based On Multicultural Approach. 323(ICoSSCE 2018), 214–219. https://doi.org/10.2991/icossce-icsmc-18.2019.40 Scheiner, P. (2015). Crossings and Crosses: Borders, Educations, and Religions in Northern Europe. Boston/Berlin: Walter de Gruyter Inc. Scott, K. (2014). Inviting young adults to come out religiously, institutionally and traditionally. Religious Education, 109(4), 471–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2014.924790 Stockinger, H. (2019). Developing spirituality–an equal right of every child? International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 24(3), 307–319. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2019.1646218 Thibodeau, R. B., Brown, M. M., Nancarrow, A. F., Elpers, K. E., & Gilpin, A. T. (2018). Conceptual Similarities among Fantasy and Religious Orientations: A Developmental Perspective. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 18(1–2), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340021 Tratner, A. E., Sela, Y., Lopes, G. S., Ehrke, A. D., Weekes-Shackelford, V. A., & Shackelford, T. K. (2017). Individual differences in childhood religious experiences with peers. Personality and Individual Differences, 119, 73–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.06.045 UNESCO. (2015). Second UNESCO Forum on Global Citizenship Education: Building Peaceful and Sustainable Societies (Paris, 28-30 January 2015). Final Report. (January), 1–22. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/ED/pdf/FinalReport-GCED_21April.pdf Uzefovsky, F., Döring, A. K., & Knafo-Noam, A. (2016). Values in Middle Childhood: Social and Genetic Contributions. Social Development, 25(3), 482–502. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12155 Van Der Walt, J. L. (2014). Towards an instrument for measuring religious tolerance among educators and their students worldwide (Potchefstroom Campus-North-West University). Retrieved from https://www.driestar-educatief.nl/medialibrary/Driestar/Engelse-website/Documenten/2014-VanderWalt-Measuring-religious-tolerance-in-education.pdf Yulianti, E., Sutarto, J., & Sugiyo. (2019). Sentra Nasima Learning Strategies to Enhance Religious Nationalist Characters in Kindergarten. Journal of Primary Education, 8(69), 238–247.

Humanity today is confronted with what might be called the Great Capitalist Climacteric. In the standard definition, a climacteric (from the Greek <em>klimakt&#x113;r</em> or rung on the ladder) is a period of critical transition or a turning point in the life of an individual or a whole society. From a social standpoint, it raises issues of historical transformation in the face of changing conditions. In the 1980s environmental geographers Ian Burton and Robert Kates referred to "the Great Climacteric" to address what they saw as the developing global ecological problem of the limits to growth&hellip;. I will use the term the Great Capitalist Climacteric here to refer to the necessary epochal social transition associated with the current planetary emergency. It refers both to the objective necessity of a shift to a sustainable society and to the threat to the existence of <em>Homo sapiens </em>(as well as numerous other species) if the logic of capital accumulation is allowed to continue dictating to society as a whole. The current world of business as usual is marked by rapid climate change, but also by the crossing or impending crossing of numerous other planetary boundaries that define "a safe operating space for humanity."<p class="mrlink"><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-67-number-6" title="Vol. 67, No. 6: November 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>

The properties of metal oxide nanoparticles are highly dependent on particle characteristics such as size, crystallinity, and structural defects. To obtain particles with tailormade properties, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms that govern these characteristics during material synthesis. For this purpose, in situ studies of particle synthesis have proven powerful.[1] Here, in situ Total Scattering (TS) combined with in situ PXRD studies of the hydrothermal synthesis of γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) from ammonium iron citrate will be presented. In situ TS with Pair Distribution Function (PDF) analysis has recently shown to be an efficient tool for understanding the fundamental chemical processes in particle crystallization.[2,3] The full γ-Fe2O3 crystallization process from ionic complexes over nanoclusters to crystalline particles is followed and material formation mechanisms are suggested. The study shows that the local atomic structure of the precursor solution is similar to that of the crystalline coordination polymer [Fe(H2citrate)(H2O)]n where corner sharing [FeO6] octahedra are linked by citrate. As hydrothermal treatment of the solution is initiated, clusters of edge sharing [FeO6] units form. Tetrahedrally coordinated iron subsequently appears in the structure and as the synthesis continues, the clusters slowly assemble into nanocrystalline maghemite. The primary transformation from amorphous clusters to nanocrystallites takes place by condensation of the large clusters along corner sharing tetrahedral iron units. The crystallization process is related to large changes in the local structure as the interatomic distances in the clusters change dramatically with cluster growth. The local atomic structure is size dependent, and particles below 6 nm are highly disordered. Whole Powder Pattern Modelling of the PXRD data shows that the final crystallite size (<10 nm) is dependent on synthesis temperature and that the size distribution of the particles broadens with synthesis time.

The statistical analysis and comparison of biophysical parameters of living and fixed, mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells are presented. The parameters are calculated based on phase measurements performed by means of a digital, holographic microscope. The phases are retrieved from off-axis, image plane holograms, followed by custom image segmentation and statistical analysis of cells’ surface, phase volume and dry mass. The results indicated statistically significant differences between fixed and living cell parameters, which is an important message for setting methodology for further diagnosis based on quantitative phase (label-free) analysis.Full Text: PDF References:K. Alm, et al. "Cells and Holograms – Holograms and Digital Holographic Microscopy as a Tool to Study the Morphology of Living Cells", InTech, 2013. [CrossRef]Y. Rivenson, Y. Wu, A. Ozcan, Light: "Deep learning in holography and coherent imaging", Science & Applications, 8, Art. No. 85 (2019) [CrossRef]Min, et al. Optics Letters, 42, Issue 2, pp. 227-230, (2017) [CrossRef]M. Baczewska, Measurements and analysis of cells and histological skin sections based on digital holographic microscopy, WUT master thesis, 2018. [CrossRef]P. Stępień, D. Korbuszewski, M. Kujawińska, "Digital Holographic Microscopy with extended field of view using tool for generic image stitching", ETRI Journal, 41(1), 73-83, (2019). [CrossRef]S. Beucher, Serge, The Watershed Transformation Applied To Image Segmentation, Scanning microscopy. Supplement 6, (2000) [DirectLink]J. A. Hartigan, M. A. Wong, "A K-Means Clustering Algorithm", Applied Statistics, (1979) [CrossRef]J. Serra, Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology, Academic Press, (1982) [DirectLink]P. Girshovitz, N. T. Shaked, "Generalized cell morphological parameters based on interferometric phase microscopy and their application to cell life cycle characterization", Biomedical Optics Express Vol. 3, Issue 8, pp. 1757-1773, (2012) [CrossRef]

Background and Purpose: Dietary acid load contributes to metabolic acidosis, leading to inflammation and cell transformation, potentially implicated in cancer development. Albeit an increased risk of recurrence among BC survivors was reported for a high acid load, the epidemiologic evidence associating diet-dependent acid load and cancer risk, particularly for breast cancer (BC), is still very limited. Therefore, we have explored in the present study its role in BC risk. Methods: A case-control study was performed on 1461 patients (572 BC cases and 889 age-frequency matched controls), through a multi-topic questionnaire, which included a food frequency questionnaire. Food-derived nutrients were calculated from available databases. The dietary acid load was calculated based on existing measures as potential renal acid load (PRAL) score and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score. Odds Ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: We found direct associations between dietary acid load and BC risk. Both scores were significantly associated (OR=2.46 and OR=1.78 for highest PRAL and NEAP, respectively). A positive BC family history involved higher risks (OR=6.14 and OR=3.38 for highest PRAL and NEAP, respectively). Linear trends were found in all overall and stratified analyses. Conclusions: Results suggest that a low acid load dietary style may reduce BC risk since both PRAL and NEAP scores were directly associated with meat intake and inversely associated with plant-based foods intake. The findings agree with studies focused on food groups and dietary patterns. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0302-8 Full Text: PDF

У статті проаналізовано підходи до визначення і тлумачення поняття «нейтральність», а також практичні підходи його реалізації в межах процесу медіації. Психолінгвістика тлумачить медіативний дискурс як розгортання перемикань від внутрішнього коду до зовнішньої вербалізації у процесах породження мовлення та її інтерпретації з урахуванням соціально-психологічних типів мовних особистостей, рольових установок і приписів. За допомогою загальнонаукових методів вдалося спрямувати концептуальне значення слова «нейтральність» у комунікативну площину, а схеми комунікативних стратегій у реалізацію принципу «нейтральність». Принцип нейтральності є основоположним принципом процесу медіації, який закладений не лише у визначальних критеріях реалізації процесу, але є визначальним елементом статусу посередника. На прикладі англомовної художньої літератури виокремлено та проаналізовано низку комунікативних технік (техніки ігнорування, техніки нейтральних запитань, техніки однакових запитань), які виступають основними інструментами дотримання принципу нейтральності. Окремо звернено увагу і на мотиви введення тактик (оптимального контр реагування, рефлексії) у процес медіативного діалогу у форматі бесіди із залученням сторін та індивідуальних бесід із кожною із сторін окремо (у форматі кокус). Принцип нейтральності є плюралістичним і може розглядатись як синонімічна пара терміну «неупередженість» або ж терміну «справедливість». Ці поняття є близькими за значеннями, проте в межах лінгвістики тактики їх реалізації різняться. На прикладі англомовної художньої літератури, виокремлено не лише комунікативні техніки медіатора, вживання яких слугуватиме дотриманню принципу нейтральності, але й проаналізовано тенденції та умови їх застосування. Важливими аспектами в межах художньої літератури зокрема, є можливість передання ролі посередника іншому учаснику діалогу, а впродовж медіації загалом можна говорити про комбінаторний тип застосування технік. Література References Astor, H. (2000). Rethinking Neutrality: A Theory to Inform Practice. Australian Dispute Resolution Journal, 11(1), 73-83. Astor, H. (2000). Rethinking Neutrality: A Theory to Inform Practice. Australian Dispute Resolution Journal, 11(2), 145-154. Astor, H. (2002). Dispute Resolution in Australia. Sydney: LexisNexis Butterworths. Boulle, L. (2005). Mediation: Principles, Process, Practice. Chatswood: LexisNexis Butterworths. Cobb, S. (1991) Practice and Paradox: Deconstructing Neutrality in Mediation. Law and Social Inquiry, 16(1), 35-62. Cohen, O. (1999). The Limits of Mediator’s Neutrality. Mediation Quarterly, 16(4), 341-438. Douglas, S. (2008). Neutrality in Mediation: A Study of Mediator Perceptions. Retrieved from https://lr.law.qut.edu.au/article/view/88 European Code of Conduct for Mediators. Retrieved from: http://www.mediacia.com/documents.htm. Field, R. (2000). Neutrality and power: Myths and reality. The ADR Bulletin, 3(1), 16-19. Карасик В. И. Языковой круг: личность, концепты, дискурс: монография. [Электронный ресурс]. Волгоград: Перемена, 2002. Режим доступа: https://www.scribd.com/doc/52113602/ Lederach, J. (1995). Preparing for Peace: Conflict Transformation Across Culture. Syracuse University Press. Peterson N. (2007). The Mediation Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.mediation dictionary.com/pdf/mediationdictionary.pdf Романишина І. М. Медіація як ефективний метод вирішення конфліктів у шкільній практиці / І. М. Романишина // Таврійський вісник освіти. 2014. № 3 (47). С. 248-255. The European Code of Conduct for Mediators. Retrieved from http://www.mediacia.com/ documents.htm. References (translated and transliterated) Astor, H. (2000). Rethinking Neutrality: A Theory to Inform Practice. Australian Dispute Resolution Journal, 11(1), 73-83. Astor, H. (2000). Rethinking Neutrality: A Theory to Inform Practice. Australian Dispute Resolution Journal, 11(2), 145-154. Astor, H. (2002). Dispute Resolution in Australia. Sydney: LexisNexis Butterworths. Boulle, L. (2005). Mediation: Principles, Process, Practice. Chatswood: LexisNexis Butterworths. Cobb, S. (1991) Practice and Paradox: Deconstructing Neutrality in Mediation. Law and Social Inquiry, 16(1), 35-62. Cohen, O. (1999). The Limits of Mediator’s Neutrality. Mediation Quarterly, 16(4), 341-438. Douglas, S. (2008). Neutrality in Mediation: A Study of Mediator Perceptions. Retrieved from https://lr.law.qut.edu.au/article/view/88 European Code of Conduct for Mediators. Retrieved from: http://www.mediacia.com/documents.htm. Field, R. (2000). Neutrality and Power: Myths and Reality. The ADR Bulletin, 3(1), 16-19. Karasik, V. (2002). Yazykovoi Krug: Lichnost, Kontsepty, Diskurs. [Language circle: Personality, Concepts, Discourse]. Retrieved from: https://www.scribd.com/doc/52113602/ Lederach, J. (1995). Preparing for Peace: Conflict Transformation Across Culture. Syracuse University Press. Peterson N. (2007). The Mediation Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.mediation dictionary.com/pdf/mediationdictionary.pdf Romanyshyna, I. (2014). Mediatsiia yak Efectyvnyi Metod Vyrishennia Konfliktiv u Shkilnii Practytsi [Mediation as Effective Method in Conflict Resolution at School Practice]. Tavriiskyi Visnyk Osvity, 3 (47), 248-255. Sources Draper S. (1994). Teas of a Tiger. (Simon Pulse). Retrieved from: http://lgnavigators.weebly.com/uploads/5/8/5/2/58521739/tears_of_a_tiger__hazelwood_hig_-_sharon_m__draper.pdf Stockett K. (2009). The Help. (Penguin Group) Retrieved from: https://gelleresol.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/1/6/30164729/the_help_-_kathryn_stockett.pdf

Research problem is that there has been a social model transformation in the medical model focusing on the rehabilitation of disabled people. This transformation focuses on the fact that disabilities are part of social life. This view forms the basis of the social model. It is necessary to establish the social conditions necessary for the inclusion of the obstacles in front of the disabilities into the social life. By regulating these conditions, it will be possible for obstacles to take place at many points in life, from education to health and employment. Methods is this survey, which covers 126 public and private sector work places operating in Tokat, mainly reveals employers' views on employing disabled people. In this context, quantitative research method was used and data were collected through questionnaires. Findings of the research, the proportion of disabled employees among all employees is 2.97%. The vast majority of working disabilities constitute physical disabilities. There is no difference between employers and employees with disabilities and other employees on social benefits, wages or salary, leave periods and promotion. Employers find most of the disabled people through the Turkish Employment Agency. Employers are not seeking any expertise or experience when requesting disabled workers. Employers are employed in jobs suitable for their disability. Conclusions is the main reason for employing employers with disabilities is the existence of the quota method in large part. Nearly 80% of employers do not consideremployingdisabledpeople in thecomingyears. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetAraştırmanın amacı, engelli bireylerin rehabilite edilmesi üzerine odaklanan medikal modelden sosyal modele dönüşüm sürecinde engellilerin toplumsal yaşamın bir parçası olmasına odaklanmaktır. Engellilerin önündeki engellerin kaldırılarak toplumsal yaşama dahil edilmesi için gerekli toplumsal koşulların oluşturulması gereklidir. Bu koşulların düzenlenmesi ile eğitimden sağlığa ve istihdama kadar, yaşamın birçok noktasında engellilerin yer alabilmesi mümkün olacaktır. Araştırmanın yöntemi, Tokat'ta faaliyet gösteren engelli çalıştıran 126 kamu ve özel sektör işyerlerini kapsayan bu araştırma temel olarak, işverenlerin engelli çalıştırmaya yönelik bakış açılarını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler anketler aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, bütün çalışanlar içerisinde engelli çalışanların oranı %2,97'dir. Çalışan engellilerin büyük çoğunluğunu bedensel engelliler oluşturmaktadır. İşverenler tarafından engelli çalışanlar ve diğer çalışanlar arasında sosyal yardımlar, ücretler, izin süreleri ve terfi konularında hiçbir fark gözetilmemektedir. İşverenler engelli çalışanların büyük çoğunluğunu Türkiye İş Kurumu aracılığı ile bulmaktadır. İşverenler, engelli çalışan talep ederken herhangi bir uzmanlık ya da tecrübe aramamaktadır. İşverenler işe aldıkları engellileri vasıflarına uygun işlerde çalıştırmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucu ise, işverenlerin engelli istihdam etmesinin temel nedeni büyük çoğunlukla kota yönteminin varlığıdır. İşverenlerin %80'e yakını ise gelecek yıllarda engelli istihdam etmeyi düşünmemektedir.

This paper deals with the possibility of partial replacement of blast furnace slag with fly ash and fly ash after denitrification by SNCR method in alkali-activated materials based on granulated blast furnace slag. The aim of this paper is to verify the effect of fly ash on properties of alkali-activated materials based on blast furnace granulated slag. Frost resistance and resistance to aggressive environments, represented by demineralized water were tested. The reference mixture was based on blast furnace granulated slag activated by sodium water glass with silicate modulus of 2. Mixtures with an ash content of 10, 20, and 30% were then compared with the reference mixture. The influence of the denitrification process on fly ash and its use in mixed alkali activated materials was also compared. As a part of the experiment, alkali-activated pastes were also prepared. Infrared spectroscopy with Furier transformation was subsequently determined on these pastes. The reference mixture achieved the highest compressive strength in the experiment and the strength decreased with increasing amount of fly ash. In terms of flexural strength, the highest values were reached for mixtures with 10% slag replacement by fly ash. In the case of frost resistance, the significant increase of flexural strength, which was 50% for the reference mixture, is particularly interesting. For compressive strength, the frost resistance coefficient ranged from 0.95 to 1.00. In the case of resistance to aggressive environments, no differences were observed in the compressive strength, on the other hand, flexural strength decrease of up to 20% was detected for 10 and 20 percent replacement of slag with fly ash that did not undergo denitrification. Monitored properties did not show any negative effect of the denitrification process on fly ash properties. Infrared spectroscopy identified the main hydration product in the region of 945 cm-1which is a C-(A)-S-H gel and in combined mixtures with fly ash also N-A-S-H gel. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01247 Full Text: PDF

Developed countries develop their production sites within the scope of industry 4.0 technology components and experience constant change and transformation to establish economic superiority. This situation allows them to produce more in various fields and thus to rise to a more advantageous position economically. Industry 4.0 technology affects areas within the scope of the sports industry such as sports tourism, athlete performance, athlete health, sports publishing, sports textile products, sports education and training, sports management and human resources, and creates an international competition environment in terms of production and performance. In this study, it is aimed to examine the researches about the usage areas of industry 4.0 in sports. From this point on, researches in the context of the subject have been presented with bibliographic method. In the conclusion section, the weaknesses and possibilities of youth sociology were discussed, and efforts were made to present a projection on what to do about the field. In this respect, a youth sociology evaluation has been tried to be made on the prominent topics, forgotten aspects and themes left incomplete in youth sociology studies. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Gelişmiş ülkeler endüstri 4.0 teknolojisi bileşenleri kapsamında üretim sahalarını geliştirmekte ve ekonomik üstünlük kurmak amacıyla sürekli değişim ve dönüşüm yaşamaktadır. Bu durum onların çeşitli alanlarda daha fazla üretmelerine dolayısıyla ekonomik yönden daha avantajlı konuma yükselmelerine olanak sağlamaktadır. Endüstri 4.0 teknolojisi spor turizmi, sporcu performansı, sporcu sağlığı, spor yayıncılığı, spor tekstil ürünleri, spor eğitimi ve öğretimi, spor yönetimi ve insan kaynakları gibi spor endüstrisi kapsamındaki alanları etkilemekte üretim ve performans yönünden ülkeler arası bir rekabet ortamı oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada endüstri 4.0’ın sporda kullanım alanları ile ilgili araştırmaların incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle konu bağlamındaki araştırmalar bibliyografik metodla ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç bölümünde ise sporda endüstri 4.0 kullanım alanları tartışılmış, alana olan katkıları ve olumuz etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır.

The aim of this study is to examine physical education experiences of candidate classroom teachers and the transformation of their perspectives along with the reflective teaching practices in courses. Qualitative case study approach was used in this study. Eight women candidate classroom teachers who were in the second year of their undergraduate studies at Ankara University Faculty of Education participated in the study. Criterion sampling was used during the selection of students. The data was collected by means of focus group interviews, observation, reflective diary and videos. Content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. Results that under the categories of past experiences and reflections and practices and tranformation were interpreted under themes that “Is it a physical education lesson?”, “exceptions do not break the rule”, “it could have been more different” and “physical education was a lesson”. According to the obtained findings, candidate teachers have experiences during school years such as empty passing of physical education lessons, processing of different courses instead of physical education lessons, playing free games. In parallel with these experiences, teacher candidates have been expressed their future plans for this lesson as releasing and playing funny games before practicing. In addition to positive developments in teaching with reflection practices it emerges from their views that perception of free lesson of candidate teachers has changed. This study has revealed that past physical education lessons have a very important place in shaping the perspectives of candidate classroom teachers and that the teaching practices are significant in the transformation process of these perspectives.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetÇalışmanın amacı aday sınıf öğretmenlerinin geçmiş beden eğitimi deneyimlerini ve öğretim uygulaması deneyimi ile birlikte bakış açılarının dönüşümünü keşfetmektir. Çalışmada nitel durum çalışması yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Sınıf Öğretmenliği ikinci sınıfta okuyan sekiz kadın öğretmen adayı çalışmaya katılmıştır. Veriler odak grup görüşmeleri, gözlem, yansıtıcı günlükler ve kamera kayıtları ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının beden eğitimi dersi ile ilgili geçmiş deneyimleri “Geçmiş Deneyimler ve Yansımalar” kategorisi altında, uygulamalar sonrası değişim ise “Uygulamalar ve Dönüşüm kategorisi altında sunulmuştur. Geçmiş deneyimler ve yansımalar kategorisindeki bulgular “beden eğitimi bir ders mi?”, “istisnalar kaideyi bozmaz?”, “daha farklı olabilirdi” temaları altında, uygulamalar ve dönüşüm kategorisi altında ise bulgular “beden eğitimi bir dersmiş” teması altında yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmen adayları okul yıllarında beden eğitimi derslerinin boş geçmesi, yerine farklı derslerin işlenmesi, serbest oyunların oynanması gibi deneyimlere sahiptir. Bu deneyimlere paralel olarak öğretmen adayları uygulama yapmadan once bu derse dair gelecek planlarını serbest bırakma, eğlenceli oyunlar oynatma olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Yansıtıcı uygulamalar ile birlikte öğretime ilişkin olumlu gelişmelerin yanı sıra, dersin boş ders olduğu algısı ile ilgili bakış açısının değiştiği aday öğretmenlerin görüşlerinden ortaya çıkmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, geçmiş deneyimlerin bakış açılarını şekillendirmede belirleyici olduğu ve yansıtıcı öğretim uygulamalarının bakış açısının dönüşümü sürecinde önemli olduğu söylenebilir.

Background The delivery of standardized self-report assessments is essential for measurement-based care in mental health. Paper-based methods of measurement-based care data collection may result in transcription errors, missing data, and other data quality issues when entered into patient electronic health records (EHRs). Objective This study aims to help address these issues by using a dedicated instance of REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture; Vanderbilt University)—a free, widely used electronic data capture platform—that was established to enable the deployment of digitized self-assessments in clinical care pathways to inform clinical decision making. Methods REDCap was integrated with the primary clinical information system to facilitate the real-time transfer of discrete data and PDF reports from REDCap into the EHR. Both technical and administrative components were required for complete implementation. A technology acceptance survey was also administered to capture physicians’ and clinicians’ attitudes toward the new system. Results The integration of REDCap with the EHR transitioned clinical workflows from paper-based methods of data collection to electronic data collection. This resulted in significant time savings, improved data quality, and valuable real-time information delivery. The digitization of self-report assessments at each appointment contributed to the clinic-wide implementation of the major depressive disorder integrated care pathway. This digital transformation facilitated a 4-fold increase in the physician adoption of this integrated care pathway workflow and a 3-fold increase in patient enrollment, resulting in an overall significant increase in major depressive disorder integrated care pathway capacity. Physicians’ and clinicians’ attitudes were overall positive, with almost all respondents agreeing that the system was useful to their work. Conclusions REDCap provided an intuitive patient interface for collecting self-report measures and accessing results in real time to inform clinical decisions and an extensible backend for system integration. The approach scaled effectively and expanded to high-impact clinics throughout the hospital, allowing for the broad deployment of complex workflows and standardized assessments, which led to the accumulation of harmonized data across clinics and care pathways. REDCap is a flexible tool that can be effectively leveraged to facilitate the automatic transfer of self-report data to the EHR; however, thoughtful governance is required to complement the technical implementation to ensure that data standardization, data quality, patient safety, and privacy are maintained.

Along with the development of information and communication technologies, the phenomenon of leisure time, the transformation of everyday life practices and the effects of changing consumer identity have brought about transformations and new approaches in the understanding of museology as well as in almost every area of social life. Until recently, the museum, which was defined as preserving and exhibiting works of art with its basic functions, has now become a vital space based on user experience, based on the leisure time activities of life, beyond the work of preserving the works it hosts. In this transformation conceptualized as contemporary museology or postmodern museology, the museum which has become a consumption object, has excitement and open details that interact with the day that it is unforgettable to live apart from a constant and chronological journey. These are practices consisting of digital public relations and experiential marketing strategies that are designed and planned to bring and interact with the museum's collection and the creative elements that enable the user experience, as well as the desired visitor experience.In this study, it was aimed to determine digital public relations and experiential marketing practices of contemporary art museums in Turkey which are postmodern. The study is limited to the postmodern museums in Istanbul (Istanbul Modern, Pera Museum and Sakıp Sabancı Museum), which have emerged as extensions of the big holdings in our country and have been working on art management for many years and aiming to offer a multi-service approach. In the study in which in-depth interviews and descriptive analysis methods were used, the result of the obtained data reveals the place and usage of digital public relations and experiential marketing practices in postmodern museum.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle birlikte serbest zaman olgusu, gündelik hayat pratiklerinin dönüşümü ve değişen tüketici kimliğinin etkileri, toplumsal yaşamın hemen her alanında olduğu gibi müzecilik anlayışında da dönüşümleri ve yeni yaklaşımları beraberinde getirmiştir. Yakın tarihe kadar, temel işlevleri geçmişe ait sanat eserlerinin muhafaza edilip sergilenmesi olarak belirlenen müzeler, günümüzde, barındırdığı eserleri muhafaza eden bir yapının ötesinde, hayatın serbest zaman uğraşılarına odaklı, kullanıcı deneyimini temel alan ve tercih edilebilir yaşamsal bir alan haline dönüşmüştür. Çağdaş müzecilik anlayışı ya da postmodern müzecilik şeklinde kavramsal-laştırılan bu dönüşümde, tüketim nesnesi haline gelen müzeler sabit, kronolojik bir gezinin haricinde, ziyaretçiye heyecan veren ve o günü yaşamasını unutulmaz kılan, etkileşime açık detaylar barındırmaktadır. Bunlar müzenin koleksiyonunun ve sergileme biçimlerinin kullanıcı deneyimine imkan veren yaratıcı unsurlarının yanı sıra, bu deneyimi yaşaması arzu edilen ziyaretçiyi müzeye getirmeye ve onunla etkileşim kurmaya yönelik hazırlanmış ve planlanmış olan dijital halkla ilişkiler ve deneyimsel pazarlama stratejilerinden oluşan pratiklerdir.Bu çalışmada, postmodern nitelik gösteren Türkiye'deki çağdaş sanat müzelerinin dijital halkla ilişkiler ve deneyimsel pazarlama pratiklerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, ülkemizdeki büyük holdinglerin uzantısı olarak ortaya çıkan, uzun yıllardır sanat yönetimi konusunda çalışmalar yapan ve çoklu hizmet anlayışını bir arada sunmayı hedefleyen İstanbul’daki postmodern müzeler (İstanbul Modern, Pera Müzesi ve Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi) ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Derinlemesine görüşme, gözlem ve betimsel analiz yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada elde edilen veriler sonucunda dijital halkla ilişkiler ve deneyimsel pazarlama pratiklerinin postmodern müzecilik anlayışı içindeki yeri ve kullanım şekilleri ortaya konulmuştur.

Abstract. Continental summer-time aerosol in the Italian Po Valley was characterized in terms of hygroscopic properties and the influence of chemical composition therein. The campaign-average minima in hygroscopic growth factors (HGFs) occurred just before and during sunrise from 03:00–06:00, but more generally, the whole night shows very low hygroscopicity, particularly in the smaller particle sizes. The average HGFs increased from 1.18 for the smallest sized particles (35 nm) to 1.38 for the largest sizes (165 nm) for the lowest HGF period while during the day, the HGF gradually increased to achieve maximum values in the early afternoon hours from 12:00–15:00, reaching 1.32 for 35 nm particles and 1.46 for 165 nm particles. Two contrasting case scenarios were encountered during the measurement period: Case 1 was associated with westerly air flow moving at a moderate pace and Case 2 was associated with more stagnant, slower moving air from the north-easterly sector. Case 1 exhibited low diurnal temporal patterns and was associated with moderate non-refractory aerosol mass concentrations (for 50% size cut at 1 μm) of the order of 4.5 μg m−3. For Case 1, organics contributed typically to 50% of the mass. Case 2 was characterized by > 9.5 μg m−3 total mass (< 1 μm) in the early morning hours (04:00), decreasing to ∼ 3 μg m−3 by late morning (10:00) and exhibited strong diurnal changes in chemical composition, particularly in nitrate mass but also in total organic mass concentrations. Organic growth factors (OGFs) exhibited a minimum around 15:00, 1–2 h after the peak in HGF. Particles sized 165 nm exhibited moderate diurnal variability in HGF, ranging from 80% at night to 95% of "more hygroscopic" growth factors (i.e. GF = 1.35–1.9) around noon. The diurnal changes in HGF progressively became enhanced with decreasing particle size, decreasing from 95% "more hygroscopic" growth factor fraction at noon to 10% fraction at midnight, while the "less hygroscopic" growth factor fraction (1.13–1.34) increased from 5% at noon to > 60% and the "barely hygroscopic" growth factor fraction (1.1–1.2) increased from less than 2% at noon to 30% at midnight. OGFs were generally anti-correlated to HGF and also total organic mass as measured by the aerosol mass spectrometer due to a high sulphate/organics ratio. Surprisingly, the lowest HGFs occurred for periods when nitrate mass reached peak concentrations. This may suggest formation of organonitrates and organosulphates, which significantly decreased the OGF. Coincident with the peak in nitrate was a peak in Hydrocarbon-like Organic Aerosol (HOA) and Semi-Volatile Oxygenated Organic Aerosol (SV-OOA) and analysis of the HGF probability distribution function (PDF) reveals a transformation of a predominant "More Hygroscopic" (MH) mode with HGF of 1.5 around noon, into two modes, one with a "less hygroscopic" (LH) HGF of 1.26, and another with a "barely hygroscopic" (BH) mode of 1.05. The analysis points to an internal mixture of larger size inorganic species, mainly nitrates, coated with a hydrophobic organic layer which suppresses water uptake. In addition, a new, externally mixed BH ultrafine mode appears and persists through the night.

The text analyzes the transformation of the accreditation/evaluation) of higher education from a policy of the Evaluative State, in the ´80s, to a global policy with different modalities. Based on the concepts developed by Susan Robertson and Roger Dale in relation to the multi-scalar governance of higher education, it is shown the existence of accreditation policies at different scales, as well as the participation of different institutions and actors (international, private and non profit). The impact of the General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATS) in higher education, and specifically in evaluation/accreditation, generated policies such as global accreditation and regional accreditations. Also new institutions as accreditation agencies, and new strategies as guidelines for accreditation appeared, which are presented and analyzed in the text. It derives from a research, based on bibliography, documentary analysis and interviews with experts in internationalization and evaluation of higher education.ResumoO texto analisa a transformação da acreditação/avaliação da educação superior de uma política do Estado Avaliador na década de 1980 para uma política global desdobrada em diversas modalidades. A partir de conceitos desenvolvidos por Susan Robertson e Roger Dale acerca da governança multiescalar da educação, será mostrada a existência de políticas de avaliação em diversas escalas, assim como a participação de diversas instituições e atores (internacionais, privados e do terceiro setor). Mostra-se que o impacto do Acordo Geral de Comercio e Serviços (GATS) na educação superior e, especificamente na avaliação/acreditação, gerou políticas tais como o acreditador global e as acreditações regionais; e instituições como as agências de acreditação nacionais e/ou regionais e as redes dessas agências, que elaboram diretrizes apresentadas e analisadas no texto. Este é produto de pesquisa baseada em bibliografia, análise documental e entrevistas com especialistas em internacionalização e avaliação da educação superior.ResumenEl texto analiza la transformación de la acreditación/evaluación de la educación superior de una política del Estado Evaluador, en la década de 1980, a una política global desdoblada en diversas modalidades. A partir de conceptos desarrollados por Susan Robertson y Roger Dale acerca de la gobernanza multiescalar de la educación superior, será mostrada la existencia de políticas de evaluación en diferentes escalas, así como la participación de diversas instituciones y actores (internacionales, privados y del tercer sector). Se afirma que el impacto del Acuerdo General de Comercio y Servicios (GATS) en la educación superior y, específicamente en la evaluación/acreditación, generó políticas tales como el acreditador global y las acreditaciones regionales e instituciones como las agencias de acreditación, las redes de agencias que elaboran directrices para acreditación que son presentadas y analizadas en el texto. Este deriva de una investigación, basada en bibliografía, análisis documental y entrevistas con especialistas en internacionalización y evaluación de la educación superior.Palavras-chave: Educação superior, Avaliação da educação superior; Acreditação, Governança multiescalar.Keywords: Higher education, Higher education evaluation, Accreditation, Multi-scalar governance.Palabras clave: Educación superior, Evaluación de la educación superior, Acreditación, Gobernanza multiescalar.ReferencesAFONSO, Almerindo Janela. Mudanças no Estado-avaliador: comparativismo internacional e teoria da modernização revisitada. Rev. Bras. Educ., Rio de Janeiro, v. 18, n. 53, p. 267-284, jun. 2013.AFONSO, Almerindo Janela. Avaliação educacional. Regulação e emancipação. 3ª. ed. São Paulo: Cortez, 2000.ALTBACH, Philip; KNIGHT, Jane. The internationalization of higher education: motivations and realities. Journal of Studies in International Education, v. 11, n. 3-4, p. 290-305, 2007.ANDERSON, Perry. Balanço do neoliberalismo. In: SADER, Emir; GENTILI, Pablo. Pós-neoliberalismo. As políticas sociais e o estado democrático. São Paulo: Paz e Terra, 1996.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz. A “Acreditação Mercosul” e a Agenda Interna da Política de Educação Superior Brasileira. SOUSA. A. S.Q.; CAMARGO, A. M.M. Interfaces da Educação Superior no Brasil. Curitiba: Editora CVR, 2014, p.49-61.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz. A avaliação da educação superior em escala global: da acreditação aos rankings e os resultados de aprendizagem. Avaliação, Campinas; Sorocaba, v. 23, n. 1, p. 5-22, mar. 2018.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz. O discurso da qualidade da educação superior e seus desdobramentos em políticas globais, regionais e nacionais. 2017. 174p. ils.; grafs.; anexos. Tese (Livre Docência). Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2017.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz; HIZUME, Gabriela de Camargo. Agências de avaliação e acreditação. In: ROTHEN, J. C; SANTANA, A. C. M. (Orgs.) Avaliação da educação: referências para uma primeira conversa. São Carlos: EDUFSCar, 2018a. pp. 67-79. Disponível em: http://www.edufscar.com.br/farol/edufscar/ebook/avaliacao-da-educacao-referencias-para-uma-primeira-conversa-(e-book)/52929/, acesso em 8 de jan. 2019.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz; HIZUME, Gabriela de Camargo. El Paraguay y la acreditación de carreras de grado en el Mercosur. Eccos. Revista científica. v. 47, p. 41-59, 2018b.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz; LAGORIA, Silvana Lorena. Acreditação da Educação Superior na América Latina: os casos da Argentina e do Brasil no Contexto do Mercosul. Cadernos PROLAM/USP, v. 9, p. 7-27, 2010. Disponível em: http://www.usp.br/prolam/downloads/2010_1_1.pdfBARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz; LAGORIA, Silvana Lorena; HIZUME, Gabriella de Camargo. As Agências Nacionais de Acreditação no Sistema ARCU-SUL: primeiras considerações. Avaliação, Campinas-Sorocaba, v. 20, n. 1, p.49-72, 2015.BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz; ROTHEN, J. C. Percurso da avaliação da educação superior nos Governos Lula. Educação & Pesquisa, v. 40, n. 1, p. 61-76, 2014. BATISTA, J. P. El impacto de las negociaciones comerciales internacionales sobre la educación superior: los casos de Argentina y Brasil. Buenos Aires: Eudeba, 2012, 112 p.BLANCO RAMÍREZ, G. Quality by Association Across North-South Divides: United States Accreditation of Mexican Institutions of Higher Education. 2013. 220p. Tese (Doutorado em Política Educacional). Universidade Estadual de Massachussets-Amherst, 2013.BLUMENSTYK, G.; MCMURTRIE, B. Educators lament a corporate takeover of international accreditor. Chronicle of Higher Education. v. 47, n. 9, p. A55-57, out. 2000.CHEA INTERNATINAL QUALITY GROUP (CIQG). Frequently asked questions. Disponível em: http://www.chea.org/userfiles/uploads/ciqg-fact%20sheet-2014.pdf, acesso em jan. 2015.DALE, R. Globalisation, knowledge economy and comparative education. Comparative Education, v. 41, n. 2, p. 117-149, 2005.DIAS, M. A. R. Comercialização no ensino superior: é possível manter a ideia de bem público? Educ. Soc., Campinas, v.24, n.84, pp.817-838, set. 2003.DIAS SOBRINHO, J. Dilemas da educação superior no mundo globalizado. Sociedade do conhecimento ou economia do conhecimento. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo, 2005.DRAIBE, S. As políticas sociais no neoliberalismo. Revista da USP, Dossiê Liberalismo-neoliberalismo. São Paulo, n. 17, p. 86-101, 1993.EUROPEAN NETWORK FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE (ENQA). Criterios y Directrices para la Garantía de Calidad en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, 2005, Helsinki. Disponível em: http://www.enqa.net/bologna.lasso., acesso em: 12 maio 2017.GENTILI, P. (org.) Pedagogia da exclusão. Crítica ao neoliberalismo em educação. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1995.GINKEN, H.; DIAS, M. A. Retos institucionales y políticos de la acreditación en el ámbito internacional. In: GLOBAL UNIVERSITY NETWORK FOR INOVATION (GUNI) La educación superior en el mundo. 2007. Acreditación para la garantía de la calidad: Qué está en juego? Madri: Ed. Mundi Prensa, 2006, p. 37-57.GLOBAL INITIATIVE FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE CAPACITY (GIQAC) Governance Terms, París, UNESCO, 2008. Disponível em: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001591/159197E.pdf, acesso em 19 maio 2017.HARTMANN, Eva. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: pawn or global player? Globalisation, Societies and Education, v.8, n. 2, 2010, p. 307-318, 2010. HIZUME, Gabriela de Camargo. A implementação do sistema de Acreditação Regional de Cursos Universitários do MERCOSUR: um estudo sobre as Agências Nacionais de Acreditação da Argentina e do Brasil. 2013. 260p. Dissertação (Mestrado) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Integração da América Latina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, 2013.HIZUME, Gabriela de Camargo; BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz. A acreditação de cursos de graduação no Processo de Bolonha e no Mercosul. In: BARREYRO, G. B.; HIZUME, G. C. Regionalismos e inter-regionalismos na Educação Superior: projetos, propostas e influências entre a América Latina e a Europa. Coletânea submetida à editora da UNIOESTE, Cascavel, 2018, pp. 135-154.INTERNATIONAL NETWORK FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE AGENCIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION. INQAAHE Guidelines of Good Practice. Ed. Revisada, INQAAHE, 2016. Disponível em: http://www.inqaahe.org/sites/default/files/INQAAHE_GGP2016.pdf, acesso em 12 mai. 2017.LAURELL, Asa. Avançando em direção ao passado: a política social do neoliberalismo. In: LAURELL, Asa. (org.) Estado e políticas sociais no neoliberalismo. São Paulo: Cortez, 1995, p. 151-178.LIMA, Licínio; AZEVEDO, Mário Neves de; CATANI, Afrânio Mendes. O processo de Bolonha, a avaliação da educação superior e algumas considerações sobre a Universidade Nova. Avaliação (Campinas), Sorocaba, v. 13, n. 1, p. 7-36, mar. 2008.MARQUINA, Mónica. Tendencias recientes de los sistemas de evaluación de la educación superior en el actual escenario internacional. Un nuevo "round' del Estado Evaluador? Avaliação (Campinas), v. 11, n. 4, p. 27-50, 2006.MICHAVILA, Francisco.; ZAMORANO, Silvia. La acreditación en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. In: GLOBAL UNIVERSITY NETWORK FOR INOVATION (GUNI). La educación superior en el mundo. 2007. Acreditación para la garantía de la calidad: Qué está en juego? Madri: Ed. Mundi Prensa, 2006, p. 241-264.NEAVE, Guy. On the cultivation of quality, efficiency and enterprise: an overview of recent trends in higher education in Western Europe, 1986-1988. European Journal of Education, v.23, n.1/2, 1988, p. 7-23.NEAVE, Guy. Educación superior: historia y política. Barcelona: Gedisa, 2001.ROBERTSON, Susan. O processo de Bolonha da Europa torna-se global: modelo, mercado, mobilidade, força intelectual ou estratégia para construção do Estado? Revista Brasileira de Educação. v. 14, n. 42, p. 407-422. set./dez. 2009.ROBERTSON, Susan; DALE, Roger. Comparing policies in a globalising world: methodological reflections. Centre for Globalisation, Education and Social Futures. University of Bristol 2015a. Disponível em: https://edgesf.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/robertson-s-and-dale-r-2015-comparing-policies-in-a-globalising-world-methodological-reflections.pdf, acesso em 14 mai.2016.ROBERTSON, Susan; DALE, Roger. Critical cultural political economy of the globalisation of education, Globalisation, Societies and Education, v. 13, n. 1, p.149-170, 2015b.SGUISSARDI, Valdemar. O Banco Mundial e a educação superior: revisando teses e posições. In: Universidade brasileira no século XXI. Desafios do presente. São Paulo: Cortez Editora, 2009, p. 15-54.SGUISSARDI, Valdemar; BARREYRO, Gladys Beatriz. Evaluación/regulación de la educación superior en el Brasil: algunos aspectos históricos y actuales. Profesorado, revista de curriculum y formación del profesorado. v. 20, n.3, p. 171-206, 2016.STUBRIN, Adolfo Luis. Los mecanismos nacionales de garantía pública de calidad en el marco de la internacionalización de la educación superior. Avaliação, v. 10, n. 4, p. 9-22, 2005.UNESCO. Global Initiative for Quality Assurance Capacity (GIQAC) Governance Terms. Paris, UNESCO, 2008. Disponível em: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001591/159197E.pdf, acesso em 15 maio 2017UNESCO; OECD. Guidelines for Quality Provision in Cross-border Higher Education, Paris, 2005. Disponível em:http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001433/143349e.pdf, acesso em 3 abr. 2017.UVALIC-TRUMBIC, Stamenka. Política internacional de garantía de la calidad y acreditación: de los instrumentos legales a las comunidades de práctica. In: GLOBAL UNIVERSITY NETWORK FOR INOVATION (GUNI). La educación superior en el mundo. 2007. Acreditación para la garantía de la calidad: Qué está en juego? Madri: Ed. Mundi Prensa, 2006, p. 58-72.VAN DAMME, Dirk. Trends and models international quality assurance and accreditation in higher education in relation to trade in education services. OECD/US Fórum on Trade in Educational Services. 23-24 may. 2002. Washington, DC. Disponível em: http://www.oecd.org/education/skills-beyond-school/2088479.pdf , acesso em 25 mar. 2017.VERGER, Antoni; HERMO, Javier. The governance of higher education regionalisation: comparative analysis of the Bologna Process and Mercosur educativo. Globalisation, Societies and Education, v. 8, n.1, p. 105-120, mar. 2010.WELLS, Peter. The DNA of a converging diversity: regional approaches to quality assurance in higher education, CHEA, 2014. Disponível em: https://www.chea.org/userfiles/Conference%20Presentations/DNA_Converging_Diversity.pdf, acesso em 8 maio 2017.WORLD BANK. Higher education: the lessons of experience. Washington: The World Bank Group, 1994.WORLD BANK. The financing and management of higher education – A status report on worldwide reforms. Elaborado por D. Bruce Johnstone, com colaboração de Alka Arora e William Experton. Washington: The World Bank, 1998.WORLD BANK. task Force on Higher Education and Society. Higher education in developing countries: peril and promise. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2000.

Методом ИК-спектроскопии изучены структурные отклики частиц монтмориллонитовой и каолинитовой глин месторождений Оренбургской области на СВЧ-воздействие. Обработку проб в течение 10 минут проводили в поле магнетрона мощностью 750 Вт в воздушной и влажной средах. Спектры получены с помощью ИК-Фурье спектрометра в диапазоне длин волн 4000–400 cм-1. Установлено, что в монтмориллонитовой глине количество доминирующих связей в тетраэдре SiO4 снижается в 1.5 раза при обработке в сухом воздухе и в 1.8 раза – во влажном. В глине, содержащей каолинит, все типы связей активно разрушаются под воздействием СВЧ-поля. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и правительства Оренбургской области в рамках научного проекта № 19-43-560001 р_а «Физико-химические принципы процессов СВЧ-консолидации каолинитов». REFERENCES Domashevskaya, E. P., Builov, N. S., Lukin, A. N. Sitnikov A. V. IR spectroscopic study of interatomic interaction in [(CoFeB)60C40/SiO2]200 and [(CoFeB)34(SiO2)66/C]46 multilayer nanostructures with metal-containing composite layers. Neorganicheskie materialy [Inorganic Materials], 2018, v. 54(9), pp. 140−146 https://doi.org/10.1134/S002016851802005X Chetverikova, A. G., Maryakhina V. S. Studies of polymineral clay containing three-layer aluminosilica tes by physical methods. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudar stvennogo universiteta, 2015, no. 1, pp. 250−255. (in Russ.) Chetverikova A. G., Filyak M. M., Kanygina O. N. Evolution of phase morphology in dispersed clay systems under the microwave irradiation. Ceramica, 2018, v. 64(371), pp. 367−372. https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132018643712354 Filyak M. M., Chetverikova A. G., Kanygina O. N., Bagdasaryan L. S. Fractal formalism as applied to the analysis of the microwave modifi cation of disperse systems. Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy [Condensed Matter and Interphases], 2016, v. 18(4), pp. 578−585. URL: https://journals.vsu.ru/kcmf/article/view/168/94 (in Russ.) Kanygina O. N., Filyak M. M., Chetverikova A. G. Microwave-Induced Phase Transformations of Natural Clay in Air and Humid Media. Neorganicheskie materially [Inorganic Materials], 2018, v. 54(9), pp. 904–909. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168518090042 Yavna V. A., Kasprzhitskii A. S., Lazorenko G. I., Kochur A. G. Study of IR spectra of a polymineral natural association of phyllosilicate minerals. Optics and Spectroscopy, 2015, v. 118(4), pp. 526−536. https://doi.org/10.7868/S0030403415040224 Chetverikova A. G., Kanygina O. N., Filyak M. M., Savinkova E. S. Physical optics methods of recording weak structural responses of dispersed clay systems to the effect of microwave radiation. Measurement Techniques, 2018, v. 60(1)1, pp. 1109−1115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-018-1326-4 Stevenson C. M., Gurnick M. Structural collapse in kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite clay and its role in the ceramic rehydroxylation dating of low-fi red earthenware. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2016, v. 69, pp. 54−63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.004 De Oliveira C. I. R., Rocha M. C. G., Da Silva A. L. N., Bertolino L. C. Characterization of bentonite clays from Cubati, Paraíba (Northeast of Brazil). Ceramica, 2016, vol. 62, Iss. 363, pp. 272−277. https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132016623631970 Plyusnina, I. I. Infrakrasnye spektry mineralov [Infrared spectra of minerals]. Moscow, Moscow University Publ., 1976, 190 p. (in Russ.) ISO 11464:2006 Soil quality – Pretreatment of samples for physico-chemical analysis, ISO STANDARD, 2006, 11 p. Šaponjić A., Šaponjić Đ., Nikolić V, Milošević M., Marinović-Cincović M., Gyoshev S., Vuković M., Kokunešoski M. Iron (III) oxide fabrication from natural clay with reference to phase transformation g- →a-Fe2O3 // Science of Sintering, 2017, v. 49(2), pp. 197–205. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1702197S Kool A., Thakur P., Bagchi B., Hoque N.A., Das S. Mechanical, dielectric and photoluminescence properties of alumina-mullite composite derived from natural Ganges clay. Applied Clay Science, v. 114, 2015, pp. 349−358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2015.06.021 Stack K. M., Milliken R. E. Modeling near-infrared refl ectance spectra of clay and sulfate mixtures and implications for Mars. Icarus, v. 250, 2015, pp. 332−356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.12.009 Anadгo P., Pajolli I. L. R., Hildebrando E. A., Wiebeck H. Preparation and characterization of carbon/montmorillonite composites and nanocomposites from waste bleaching sodium montmorillonite clay. Advanced Powder Technology, 2014, v. 25(3), pp. 926−932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2014.01.010 Lazorenko G. I., Kasprzhitskii A. S., Yavna V. A. Application of IR spectroscope to determine mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials based on layered aluminosilicate . Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy [Condensed Matter and Interphases], 2014, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 479−485. URL: http://www.kcmf. vsu.ru/resources/t_16_4_2014_011.pdf (in Russ.)

The rights of the peasantry are a target for the attack of Bolsonaro’s project. Part of these attacks attempt to destroy the National Education Program on Agrarian Reform - Pronera. It is assumed that this attempt is associated with the results achieved by this policy, which are going against the political-economic interests that sustain Bolsonaro’s government. This work aims at reflecting on possible differentials in the knowledge production processes generated in higher education courses, training of educators and agricultural sciences linked to Pronera, as well as the potential of this process to intervene in the transformation of social reality, contributing to the materialization of the peasant’s territorial project, centred on land decentralization, agroecology and food sovereignty. Reports from the II National Survey of Education in Agrarian Reform were analysed and bibliographic research was carried out in the Coordination of Improvement of Higher-Level Personnel (Capes) Thesis Catalogue, between 1998 to 2019. Out of the 48 researches on educator training and 24 on agricultural sciences linked to Pronera found, 12 studies on the performance of graduates in schools and 5 on their performance in organizing the production of settlements were selected for analysis with the intention of capturing the relationship between theory and practice. The researches found relevant insertion of the graduates in the schools of the settlements, with considerable changes in their school organization and pedagogical work, as well as changes in the productive processes towards an agroecological transition linked to the social struggles to transform the countryside.ResumoOs direitos do campesinato têm sido alvo constante de ataques do bolsonarismo. Parte desses ataques pretende destruir o Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agraria (Pronera). Cogita-se que essa tentativa associa-se aos resultados produzidos pelo Pronera, que caminham em direção contrária aos interesses político-econômicos que sustentam o bolsonarismo. Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre possíveis diferenciais nos processos de produção do conhecimento gerados nos cursos superiores vinculados ao Pronera, na Formação de Educadores e nas Ciências Agrárias, e sobre as potencialidades desse processo para intervir na transformação da realidade social, contribuindo com a materialização do projeto territorial camponês, centrado na desconcentração fundiária, agroecologia e soberania alimentar. Foram analisados relatórios da II Pesquisa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária e realizada pesquisa bibliográfica no Catálogo de Teses da Capes, entre 1998 e 2019. Localizaram-se 48 pesquisas sobre formação de educadores e 24 sobre Ciências Agrárias, vinculadas ao Pronera. Após leitura dos resumos e conclusões, priorizou-se a análise de pesquisas sobre a atuação dos egressos nas escolas (12 trabalhos) e na organização da produção dos assentamentos (5 trabalhos), intencionando captar a relação entre a teoria e a prática promovida por tais processos formativos. As pesquisas encontraram relevante inserção dos egressos nas escolas dos assentamentos, com alterações em sua organização escolar e trabalho pedagógico, além de mudanças nos processos produtivos em direção à transição agroecológica em assentamentos onde atuam egressos das Ciências Agrárias, apontando a existência de um processo de produção do conhecimento diferenciado nos cursos vinculados às lutas sociais para transformação do campo.Palavras-chave: Pronera, Educação Superior, Produção do conhecimento, Práxis.Keywords: Pronera, Higher Education, Knowledge production, Praxis.ReferencesALMEIDA, Viviane Aparecida Ribeiro de. Inserção profissional dos egressos da primeira turma de Pedagogia da Terra da Universidade Federal de São Carlos/SP (2008-2011). 2019. 92 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos/SP, 2019.AMARAL, Débora Monteiro do. Mulheres da Reforma Agrária na educação: os significados em ser pedagoga da terra. Amaral. 2014. 210 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Centro de Educação e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos/SP, 2014.AMARAL, Nelson Cardoso. Financiamento da educação básica e o PNE 2011-2020. Revista Retratos da Escola, Brasília, v. 4, n. 6, p. 123-141, jan./jun. 2010. Disponível em: https://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/ri/13066/Artigo%20-%20Nelson%20Cardoso%20Amaral%20-%20%20%20%202010.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=y. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2020.BRASIL. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Brasília: Senado Federal, 1988. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm. Acesso em: 17 jun. 2020.CALDART, Roseli Salete. Pedagogia da Terra: formação de identidade e identidade de formação. Cadernos do ITERRA. Veranópolis/RS, ano II, n. 6, dez. 2002, p. 77-98.CARVALHO, A. M. P. de. A luta por direitos e a afirmação das políticas sociais no Brasil contemporâneo. Revista de Ciências Sociais, Fortaleza, v. 39, n. 1, UFC, p. 16-26, 2008.CORRÊIA, Deyse Morgana das Neves. Educação do Campo no ensino superior: diálogo entre o popular e o científico na produção do conhecimento no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia do Pronera/UFPB. 2016. 284 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Centro de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação. Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, 2016.COSTA, Francilene Corrêa Silva. O campo, entre arame e o arado: contribuições do Pronera-IFMA para o desenvolvimento socioespacial no município de Arame - MA. 2017. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento Socioespacial e Regional) – Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEM), São Luís, 2017.DARDOT, Pierre; LAVAL, Christian. A nova razão do mundo: ensaio sobre a sociedade neoliberal. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2016.DIAS SOBRINHO, José. Democratização, qualidade e crise da educação superior: faces da exclusão e limites da inclusão. Educ. Soc. [online]. Campinas/SP, v. 31, n. 113, p. 1223-1245, out./dez. 2010. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/pdf/es/v31n113/10.pdf. Acesso em: 20 maio. 2020.DIAS, Fabrício Souza. O Pronera em suas fases como política pública de Educação do Campo: uma visão a partir de seus atos normativos. In: RODRIGUES, Sônia da Silva (org.). Pronera: gestão participativa e diversidade de sujeitos da Educação do Campo. Marília/SP: Lutas Anticapital, 2020. p. 65-98.FERNANDES, Bernardo Mançano. Movimentos socioterritoriais e movimentos socioespaciais: contribuição teórica para uma leitura geográfica dos movimentos sociais. Revista Nera, Presidente Prudente/SP, ano 8, n. 6, jan./jun. 2005, p. 14-34.FERNANDES, Bernardo Mançano. Construindo um estilo de pensamento na questão agrária: o debate paradigmático e o conhecimento geográfico. Tese de livre-docência. Volume 1 (Parte 1 e 2). Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Presidente Prudente/SP, jun. 2013. Disponível em http://www2.fct.unesp.br/nera/ltd/textos-volume1-bmf2013.pdf. Acesso em: 5 maio 2020.FERREIRA, Suellen Cristina Rodrigues. Educação do Campo na educação superior: as repercussões do Pronera na atuação social, profissional e política de egressos dos cursos ofertados na UFPB (Campus I). 2018. 125 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Centro de Educação, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, 2018.FREITAS, Luís Carlos. Crítica da organização do trabalho pedagógico e da didática. Campinas/SP: Papirus, 1995.FREITAS, Luís Carlos. O bumerangue do populismo autoritário. Avaliação Educacional - Blog do Freitas. 13 jun. 2020. Disponível em: https://avaliacaoeducacional.com/2020/06/13/o-bumerangue-do-populismo-autoritario/. Acesso em: 14 jun. 2020.GHEDINI, Cecília Maria. A formação de educadores no espaço dos movimentos sociais: um estudo a partir da I Turma de Pedagogia da Terra da Via Campesina. 2007. 159 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Setor de Educação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 2007.GRAMSCI, Antonio. Cadernos do cárcere. V. 1. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 1999.GUEDES, Camila Guimarães. Contribuição do Residência Agrária para os cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu do Pronera. In: RODRIGUES, Sônia da Silva (org.). Pronera: gestão participativa e diversidade de sujeitos da Educação do Campo. Marília/SP: Lutas Anticapital, 2020. p. 221-243.HARVEY, David. O novo imperialismo. São Paulo: Edições Loylola, 2004.IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II PNERA: Relatório da II Pesquisa Nacional sobre a Educação na Reforma Agrária. Brasília, 2015. Disponível em: http://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/images/stories/PDFs/relatoriopesquisa/150618_relatorio_ii_pesquisa%20nacional.pdf. Acesso em: 7 maio 2020.IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II Pesquisa Nacional sobre Educação na Reforma Agrária: repercussões no estado do Pará (regiões sul e sudeste). Relatório de Pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro, 2016a. Disponível em: https://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/images/stories/PDFs/relatoriopesquisa/relatorio_pnera_sul_sudeste_web.pdf. Acesso em: 7 maio 2020.IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II Pesquisa Nacional sobre Educação na Reforma Agrária: avaliação de ações no Maranhão. Relatório de Pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro, 2016b. Disponível em: https://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/images/stories/PDFs/relatoriopesquisa/160902_relatorio_pnera_maranhao.pdf. Acesso em: 7 maio 2020.IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II Pesquisa Nacional sobre Educação na Reforma Agrária: uma análise sobre o estado da Paraíba (1998-2011). Relatório de Pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro, 2016c. Disponível em: https://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/images/stories/PDFs/relatoriopesquisa/160725_relatorio_pnera_paraiba.pdf. Acesso em: 7 maio 2020.IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II Pesquisa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária: repercussões no estado do Ceará. Relatório de Pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro, 2016d. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/handle/11058/7463. Acesso em: 7 maio 2020IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II Pesquisa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária: estado de Minas Gerais. Relatório de Pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro, 2016e. Disponível em: http://www.ipea.gov.br/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=28543. Acesso em: Acesso em: 7 maio 2020.IPEA - Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada. II Pesquisa Nacional sobre Educação na Reforma Agrária: pesquisa qualitativa no estado do Paraná. Relatório de Pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro, 2016f. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/7417/1/RP_II%20Pesquisa%20-%20Paran%C3%A1_2016.pdf. Acesso em: 7 maio 2020.KUHN, Ednizia Ribeiro Araújo. Análise da política de Educação do Campo no Brasil: meandros do Pronera e do Pronacampo. 2015. 287 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geografia) - Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, 2015.LEHER, Roberto. Movimentos sociais, padrão de acumulação e crise da universidade. In: REUNIÃO NACIONAL DA ANPED. GT11 - Política da Educação Superior, 37., Florianópolis, 2015. Anais eletrônicos [...]. Florianópolis: ANPED, out. 2015. 16 p. Disponível em: http://37reuniao.anped.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Trabalho-de-Roberto-Leher-para-o-GT11.pdf. Acesso em: 20 jun. 2020.LEHER, Roberto. Autoritarismo contra a universidade: o desafio de popularizar a defesa da educação pública. São Paulo: Fundação Rosa Luxemburgo; Expressão Popular, 2019. 232 p.LEVITSKY, Steven; ZIBLATT, Daniel. Como as democracias morrem. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2018.LIMA, Lucileide Paz Ferreira de. A 1ª turma do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia do Pronera da UFPB (2007-2011): contribuições para o desenvolvimento dos assentamentos. 2013. 197 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Centro de Educação, Universidade da Paraíba, João Pessoa, 2013.MANCEBO, Deise; SILVA JÚNIOR, João dos Reis; SCHUGURENSKY, Daniel. A educação superior no Brasil diante da mundialização do capital. Educ. em Rev. [online]. Belo Horizonte, v. 32, n. 4, p. 205-225, out.-dez. 2016. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312149699_A_educacao_superior_no_Brasil_diante_da_mundializacao_do_capital. Acesso em: 5 maio 2020.MANCEBO, Deise. Políticas, gestão e direito à Educação Superior: novos modos de regulação e tendências em construção. In: MOLINA, Mônica Castagna; HAGE, Salomão Mufarrej (org.). Licenciaturas em Educação do Campo: resultados da pesquisa sobre os riscos e potencialidades de sua expansão. Florianópolis: LANTEC /CED/UFSC, 2019. p. 28-43.MARTINS, José de Souza. O poder invisível. Valor Econômico. Caderno Eu &. São Paulo, ano 21, n. 1018. p. 3, 12 jun. 2020.MOLINA, Mônica Castagna. A contribuição do PRONERA na Construção de Políticas Públicas de Educação do Campo e Desenvolvimento Sustentável. 2003. 202 f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento Sustentável) Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2003.MOLINA, Mônica Castagna et al. Posfácio. In MOLINA, Mônica Castagna et al. (org.). Práticas contra-hegemônicas na formação dos profissionais das Ciências Agrárias: reflexões sobre o Programa Residência Agrária. Volume II. Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2017, 476 p.MORAES, Valdirene Manduca de. A organização dos espaços e tempos educativos no trabalho dos egressos do curso de pedagogia para educadores do campo. 2011. 146 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, 2011.OLIVEIRA, Ariovaldo Umbelino de. A mundialização da agricultura brasileira. In: COLÓQUIO INTERNACIONAL DE GEOCRÍTICA, 12., Bogotá, 2012. Actas [...]. Barcelona: Geocrítica, 2012. v. 1, p. 1-15.OLIVEIRA, João Ferreira de: FERREIRA, Adriano de Melo; MORAES, Karine Nunes. A política e a cultura de inovação na educação superior no Brasil. In: CATANI, Afrânio Mendes; OLIVEIRA, João Ferreira de (org.).Educação superior e produção do conhecimento: utilitarismo, internacionalização e novo contrato social. Campinas, SP: Mercado de Letras, 2015. p. 127-164.REZENDE, Janaína Ribeiro de. Os sentidos da formação em Pedagogia da Terra: o caso das militantes do MST no estado de São Paulo. 2010. 117 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Centro de Educação e Ciências Humanas, Univ. Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 2010.SÁ, Laís Mourão; MOLINA, Mônica Castagna. Políticas de Educação Superior no Campo. In: MOLINA, Mônica Castagna. Educação do Campo e Pesquisa II: questões para reflexão. Organizadora. – Brasília: MDA/MEC, 2010.SADER, Emir. Prefácio. In: MÉSZÁROS, István. A educação para além do capital. 2. ed. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2008.SANTOS, Clarice Aparecida dos. Pronera, educação técnico-profissional e Reforma Agrária Popular: um estudo na perspectiva do projeto formativo vinculado aos processos produtivos dos camponeses. 2016. 202 f. Tese (Doutorado em Políticas Públicas e Formação. Humana) – Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Educação. Rio de Janeiro, 2016.SANTOS, Clarice Aparecida dos. Residência Agrária e projeto educativo dos camponeses. In: MOLINA, Mônica Castagna et all (orgs.) Práticas contra-hegemônicas na formação dos profissionais das Ciências Agrárias: reflexões sobre o Programa Residência Agrária. Volume II. Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2017. 476 p.SANTOS, Franciele Soares dos. Formação de educadores militantes no MST: a experiência do curso Pedagogia da Terra na Unioeste/PR. 2009. 144 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Centro de Ciências da Educação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2009.SANTOS, Thatyanne Krause Lima de Brito. Educação do Campo e participação: análise da produção do conhecimento dos quilombolas egressos do primeiro curso de Pedagogia do Campo/UFPB. 2015. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Centro de Educação, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoal, 2015.SCALABRIN, Rosemeri. Diálogos e aprendizagens na formação em agronomia para assentados: Tese (Doutorado em Educação) - Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2011.SEMERARO, Giovanni. Filosofia da práxis e (neo)pragmatismo. Rev. Bras. Educ. [online]. Rio de Janeiro, n. 29, p. 28-39, maio/ago. 2005. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-24782005000200003&lng=pt&tlng=pt. Acesso em: 15 maio 2020.SILVA, Paula da. Pedagogia da Terra na UFSCar: uma análise acerca da proposta metodológica e das práticas educativas da turma Helenira Resende. 2013. 148 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2013.SILVA JR., João dos Reis; SGUISSARDI, Valdemar. Novas faces da Educação Superior no Brasil: reforma do Estado e mudanças na produção. 2. ed. São Paulo: Cortez; Bragança Paulista/SP: EDUSF, 2001.SIMPLÍCIO, Antonia Vanderlúcia de Oliveira. Egressos do curso Pedagogia da Terra e suas práticas educativas: um estudo de caso no Assentamento 25 de Maio, Madalena, Ceará. 2011. 151 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Faculdade de Educação, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, 2011.SOUZA, Dayana Viviany Silva de. Currículo e saberes culturais das comunidades dos discentes ribeirinhos do curso de Pedagogia das Águas de Abaetetuba-Pará. 2011. 243 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Instituto de Ciências da Educação, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 2011.SOUZA, Gisele da Rocha. Educação superior pelo Pronera: uma política pública de Estado. In: RODRIGUES, Sônia (org.). Pronera: gestão participativa e diversidade de sujeitos da Educação do Campo. Marília/SP: Lutas Anticapital, 2020.SOUZA, Maria Antônia de. Pesquisa educacional sobre MST e Educação do Campo no Brasil. Educ. em Rev. [online], Belo Horizonte, v. 36, mar. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-46982020000100205&tlng=pt. Acesso em: 10 maio 2020.TARDIN, José Maria; GUHUR, Dominique Michèle Perioto. Agroecologia: uma contribuição camponesa à emancipação humana e à restauração revolucionária da relação metabólica sociedade-natureza. In: MOLINA, Mônica Castagna et al. (org.). Práticas contra-hegemônicas na formação dos profissionais das Ciências Agrárias: reflexões sobre o Programa Residência Agrária. Volume II. Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2017.476 p.TEIXEIRA, Rafael de Oliveira. O curso de Pedagogia da Terra da Universidade Federal de São Carlos: uma análise a partir do olhar de um grupo de graduados da primeira turma. 2015. 193 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) – Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciência e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto/SP, 2015.VASCONCELOS, Gilvânia de Oliveira Silva de. Desafios da educação crítica nas Ciências Agrárias: possibilidades e limites na versão Residência Agrária UFPB. 2015. 228 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Centro de Educação, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, 2015.VÁZQUEZ, Adolfo Sánchez. Filosofia da práxis. Buenos Aires: Clacso; São Paulo: Expressão Popular, 2007.ZART, Laudemir Luiz. Produção social do conhecimento na experiência do Curso de Agronomia dos Movimentos Sociais do Campo (Camosc): interação da Unemat e de Movimentos Sociais do Campo. 2012. 397 f. Tese (Doutorado em Política Científica e Tecnologia) – Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas/SP, 2012.e4539138

Sufis and Anti-Sufis: the Defence, Rethinking and Rejection of Sufism in the Modern World. Elizabeth Sirriyeh, London: Curzon, 1998, 188 pp. Pilgrims of Love: The Anthropology of a Global Sufi Cult. Pnina Werbner. London, Hurst & Company, April 2004, 348 pp. Perspectives on Early Islamic Mysticism: The World of al-Hak’m al-Tirmidhi and his contemporaries. Sara Sviri, 2005, Rotledge Curzon, 288pp. Mysticism and Politics: A Critical Reading of Fi zilal al-Qur’an by Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966). Oliver Carré. Carol Aritgues (tr.), 2003, Brill, 366pp. Kernel of the Kernel: Concerning the Wayfaring and Spiritual Journey of the People of Intellect: A Shi’i Approach to Sufism. Sayyid Muahmmad Husayn Tabataba’i, Mohammad Faghfoory (tr.), New York: SUNY Press, 2003, 149 pp. Popular Sufism in Eastern Europe. H.T. Norris, Routledge Curzon, 2005, Sufism in South Asia: Impact on Fourteenth Century Muslim Society. Riazul Islam, Oxford University Press, 2002, 140 pp. Me and Rumi: The Autobiography of Shems-i Tabrizi. William Chittick (Introduced, Translated and Annotated), Fonsvitae, 2004, 408 pp. Three Early Sufi Texts: A Treatise of the Heart by Al-Hakim Al-Tirmidhi, The Stumblings of Those Aspiring, and Stations of the Righteous by Abu’Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami al Naysaburi. Nicholas Heer and Kenneth Honerkamp (tr.), Fons Vitae, 192 pp. The Book of Assistance. Imam Abdallah Ibn-Alawi Al-Haddad, Mostafa Badawi (tr.), Fons Vitae, 2004, 152 pp. In the Company of Friends: Dreamwork within a Sufi Group. Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee, The Golden Sufi Center, 1994, 216 pp. The Heart of Sufism: Essential Writings of Hazrat Inayat Khan. Hazrat Inayat Khan. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1998, 400 pp. . I Am Wind, You Are Fire: The Life and Works of Rumi. Annemarie Schimmel, Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1992, 224 pp. The Knowing Heart: A Sufi Path of Transformation. Kabir Helminski, Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2000, 304 ppز Teachings of Sufism. Carl W. Ernst (tr.). Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1999, 240 pp. Twilight Goddess: Spiritual Feminism and Feminine Spirituality. Sartaz Aziz, Thomas Cleary. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2002, 288 pp. Women of Sufism: A Hidden Treasure. Camille Adams Helminski (ed.), Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2003, 336 pp. Light of Oneness. Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee. The Golden Sufi Center, 2004, 192 pp. Purification of the Heart: Signs, Symptoms and Cures of the Spiritual Diseases of the Heart. Hamza Yusuf. Starlatch LLC, 2004, 268 pp. Principles of Sufism by Al-Qushayri. Translated by B.R. von Schilegell and Hamid Algar, New York: Mizan Press, 1990, 366 p. The Path of God’s Bondsmen: from Origin to Return. Najm Al-Din Razi, Hamid Algar (tr.), New Jersey: Islamic Publications International, 2003, 544 p. The Taste of Hidden Things. Sara Sviri. The Golden Sufi Center, 1997, 288 pp. The Bond with the Beloved: The Mystical Relationship of the Lover and the Beloved. Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee, The Golden Sufi Center, 2004, 155 pp. Signs of God. Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee. The Golden Sufi Center, 2001, 160 pp. Sufism: The Transformation of the Heart. Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee. The Golden Sufi Center, 1995, 222 pp. Paths to the Heart: Sufism and the Christian East (Perennial Philosophy series. James S. Cutsinger, World Wisdom Books 2002, 278 pp. Mystical Dimensions of Islam. Annemarie Schimmel. University of North Carolina Press. 1975, 527 pp. عقيدة الصوفية: وحدة الوجود الخفية، أحمد بن عبد العزيز القصير، الرياض: مكتبة الرشد ناشرون، 2003، 736 ص. التعرف لمذهب أهل التصوف، أبو بكر الكلاباذي، ترجمة وتحقيق أحمد شمس الدين، دار الكتب العلمية، 2001، 232 ص. شعرية الخطاب الصوفي: الرمز الخمري عند ابن الفارض نموذجاً، محمد يعيش، تقديم د. محمد السرغيني، سايس-فاس: منشورات كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية، سلسلة رسائل وأطروحات رقم 1، 2003، 386 ص. نظرات في التصوف الإسلامي، محمد رضا بشير القهوجي، دمشق، بيروت: دار الكلم الطيب، ط1، 2004، 236ص. معلمة التصوف الإسلامي: التصوف المغربي من خلال رجالاته، عبد العزيز بنعبد الله، الرباط: مطبعة المعارف الجديدة، ثلاثة أجزاء، ط1، 2001، 287ص. التصوف والسلطة بالمغرب الموحدي (القرنان 6-7ﻫ / 12-13م ): مساهمة في دراسة ثنائية الحكم والدين في النسق المغربي الوسيط، محمد الشريف، الرباط: منشورات الجمعية المغربية للدراسات الأندلسية، رقم 8، ط1، 2004، 104ص. مشايخ الصوفية: الانحراف التربوي والفساد العقدي: عبد السلام ياسين أستاذاً ومرشداً. أبو عبد الرحمن ذو الغفار، تقديم الشيخ المحدث أبي أويس محمد بوخبزة الحسن، ط1، الرباط: مطابع طوب بريس، 2004، 135ص رسالة البيان والتبيان في أن الصوفية مذهبها السنة والقرآن، سيدي المختار بن أحمد فال العلوي التجاني الشنقيطي، ضبطه وصححه وخرّج آياته وأحاديثه مرسي محمد علي، بيروت: دار الكتب العلمية، ط1، 2002م، 110ص. الصوفي والآخر: دراسات نقدية في الفكر الإسلامي المقارن، عبد السلام الغرميني، الدار البيضاء: شركة النشر والتوزيع، ط1، 2000م، 191ص. مطلب الفوز والفلاح في آداب طريق أهل الفضل والصلاح، عيسى بن محمد الرّاسي البطوئي، دراسة وتحقيق د. حسن الفكيكي، الرباط: مركز طارق بن زياد للدراسات والأبحاث، ط1، د.ت.، 170ص. الصوفية في الشعر المغربي المعاصر: المفاهيم والتجليات، محمد بنعمارة، الدار البيضاء: شركة النشر والتوزيع، ط1، 2000م، 351ص. السفينة القادرية، عبد القادر الجيلاني الحسني، تحقيق عبد الجليل عبد السلام، بيروت: دار الكتب العلمية، 2002، 256ص. قراءة صوفية لإنجيل يوحنا، إعداد مظهر الملوحي [وآخرون]، بيروت: بيسان للنشر والتوزيع، 2004، 452ص. الفناء عند صوفية المسلمين والعقائد الأخرى، عبد الباري محمد داود، القاهرة: الدار المصرية اللبنانية، 1997، 527ص. رسائل من التراث الصوفي في لبس الخرقة، تحقيق إحسان ذنون الثامري، محمد عبد الله القدحات، عمان: دار الرازي، 2002، 313ص. الدلالة النورانية للطريقة الخلوتية الجامعة الرحمانية، حسني حسن الشريف، عمان: دار الإيمان، 1998، 255ص. الموسوعة الصوفية، عبد الغني الحفني، القاهرة: مكتبة مدبولي، 2003، 1038ص. التصوف والفلسفة، ولتر ستيس، ترجمة إمام عبد الفتاح إمام، القاهرة: مكتبة مدبولي، 1999، 412ص. التصوف الإسلامي: حقيقته وتاريخه ودوره الحضاري، عزمي طه السيد أحمد، ط2، عمان: المؤسسة العربية الدولية للتوزيع، 2004، 216ص. للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF في اعلى يمين الصفحة.

Therapeutic interventions are guided as much by a therapist’s philosophy as they are by an understanding of psychological and therapeutic principles. Opsomming Terapeutiese intervensies word net soveel gerig deur ‘n terapeut se lewensfilosofie, as deur ‘n begrip van sielkundige en terapeutiese beginsels. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

Readability has been studied for decades, ranging from traditional paper reading to digital document reading, Web page reading, etc. Different audiences have different needs and the needs trigger the researchers to investigate innovative solutions. For example, in recent years, researchers have studied readability enhancement of English articles for non-native English readers, either on paper reading or hypertext document reading. Using a variety of methods, researchers were able to enhance the reading comprehension and the users’ satisfaction on hypertext document reading, such as changing content presentation with visual-syntactic text formatting (VSTF) format or Jenga format. In terms of dynamically changing content presentation for reading, one less explored format is Portable Document Format (PDF), which was traditionally viewed within a modern Web browser or Adobe Acrobat reader on the desktop. PDF format was standardized as an open format in 2008 and has been widely used to keep a fixed-layout content. However, a fixed layout document presents a challenge to apply existing transformation methods, not mention on mobile devices. In this paper, we not only present a system that uses a novel algorithm to decode PDF documents and apply content transformation to enhance its readability, but we also generalize it to a framework that allows the users to apply customizations and the developers to customize their needs. Although we used Jenga format as an example to enhance the readability of PDF documents, we envision the proposed framework can be used to adopt different customizations and transformation methods. The current result is promising, and we believe it is worth further investigation to make PDF documents readable and accessible for different populations, such as non-native English readers, people with dyslexia or special needs, etc.

AbstractCoesite in impact rocks is traditionally considered a retrograde product formed during pressure release by the crystallisation of an amorphous phase (either silica melt or diaplectic glass). Recently, the detailed microscopic and crystallographic study of impact ejecta from Kamil crater and the Australasian tektite strewn field pointed in turn to a different coesite formation pathway, through subsolidus quartz-to-coesite transformation. We report here further evidence documenting the formation of coesite directly from quartz. In Kamil ejecta we found sub-micrometric single-coesite-crystals that represent the first crystallization seeds of coesite. Coesite in Australasian samples show instead well-developed subeuhedral crystals, growing at the expenses of hosting quartz and postdating PDF deformation. Coesite (010) plane is most often parallel to quartz {10–11} plane family, supporting the formation of coesite through a topotactic transformation. Such reaction is facilitated by the presence of pre-existing and shock-induced discontinuities in the target. Shock wave reverberations can provide pressure and time conditions for coesite nucleation and growth. Because discontinuities occur in both porous and non-porous rocks and the coesite formation mechanism appears similar for small and large impacts, we infer that the proposed subsolidus transformation model is valid for all types of quartz-bearing target rocks.

Wikiworld (2010) offers an engaging account of the possibilities opened up in the area of education and digital media by 'wikis'. The authors, Juhu Suoranta and Tere Vadén, point out that wikis, as decentralized web-based writing platforms, represent a 'new' ethos of participation, collaboration and co-operation for higher education. They explore the ongoing fascination with new technologies in moving towards a progressive transformation from the institutionalized and individualized forms of learning to more open and collaborative learning. In this book, which was first released as an open-content online publication, the authors not only put forward a challenge to the integrity of the 'closed' university system - with its emphasis on qualifications, competition and the marketisation of higher education - but they support this with a broader critical evaluation of the development of Western information societies. Participatory online media such as wikis are proposed in this book as ideological battlefields, whose central characteristics include voluntary participation, sharing and anonymous collectivism. These activities, the authors claim, are 'practices of actual freedom' (p.1). View PDF for the full review

Sustainable development is a global trend to build a prosperous society, especially to promote green growth towards ecological approach and based on sustainable use of natural resources in the context of climate change. This article, therefore, is an attempt to synthesize the sustainable development process in the world, from the initial awareness of the role of the environment in the development process in the 1980s, to the development of Agenda 21 in the 1990s, to develop and implement the 2030 agenda for sustainable development in the present time. The change in awareness and practice of sustainable development also demonstrates the trend of social-ecological transformation as a development trend and is an urgent requirement towards building a prosperous and sustainable society. Integrating sustainable development into international and national development policies can be considered as a form of promoting social-ecological transformation. The UNESCO’ system of Biosphere Reserves as a model for promoting sustainable development initiatives towards harmony between people and nature can be considered as a model of a social-ecological system. Vietnam as a country actively participating the sustainable development process in the world has made great efforts to build a prosperous and sustainable society. Keywords: Sustainable development, social - ecological transformation, Vietnam. References [1] United Nations, Agenda 2, United Nations Conference on Environment & Development Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992, pp. 351.[2] IUCN, UNEP, WWF, World Conservation Strategy: Living Resource Conservation for Sustainable Development, 1980, pp. 77.[3] United Nations, Our Common Future, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.[4] Meadows, H. Donella, Meadows, L. Dennis, Randers, Jørgen; Behrens III, W. William, The Limits to Growth; A Report for the Club of Rome's Project on the Predicament of Mankind. New York: Universe Books, 1972.[5] IUCN, UNEP và WWF, Caring for the Earth: A Strategy for Sustainable Living (in Vietnamse), Translation from original copy, Hanoi: Science and Technology Publishing House, 1993, pp. 240.[6] Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA), Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Island Press, Washington, DC, 2005, pp. 102.[7] United Nations, Global Sustainable Development Report, 2015a, pp. 198.[8] United Nations, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A/RES/70/1, 2015b, pp. 40.[9] Liliane Danso-Dahmen, Philip Degenhardt (Eds.), Social-Ecological Transformation Perspectives from Asia and Europe. Published by the Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung, 2019, pp. 111.[10] Bass Steve, Conceptual Frameworks for Integrating Sustainable Development Dimensions Paper for UNDESA/UNEP/UNDP Workshop on SD Integration tools, Geneva, 14-15 October 2015.[11] Cejudo, Guillermo M and Cynthia Michel, Addressing fragmented government action: Coordination, coherence, and integration. Paper to be presented at the 2nd International Conference in Public Policy, Milan, July 2015, pp. 22.[12] UN-DESA, Integrated Approaches to Sustainable Development Planning and Implementation. Report of the Capacity Building Workshop and Expert Group Meeting, Department of Economic & Social Affairs, 2015.[13] ESDN, Horizontal Policy Integration and Sustainable Development: Conceptual remarks and governance examples. ESDN Quarterly Report June 2009, http://www.sd-network.eu/quarterly%20reports/report%20files/pdf/2009-June-Horizontal_Policy_Integration_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf.[14] OECD, Guidance on Sustainability Impact Assessment. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2010.[15] DFID, Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets. April 1999, https://www.ennonline.net/dfidsustainableliving.[16] Adams, W.M, The Future of Sustainability: Re-thinking Environment and Development in the Twenty-first Century. Report of the IUCN Renowned Thinkers Meeting, 29-31 January 2006, pp. 18. https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/Rep-2006-002.pdf.[17] J. Rockström et al., A safe operating space for humanity, Nature 461(7263), 2009a, 472–475.[18] J. Rockström et al., Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity. Ecology and Society 14(2), 2009b, 32. [19] Steffen, Will, K. Richardson, J. Rockström, S.E. Cornell, I. Fetzer, E.M. Bennett, R. Biggs, S.R. Carpenter, Wim de Vries, Cynthia A. de Wit, Carl Folke, Dieter Gerten, J. Heinke, G.M. Mace, Linn M. Persson, Veerabhadran Ramanathan, B. Reyers, Sverker Sörlin, Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science 347, 1259855 (2015). DOI: 10.1126/science.1259855.[20] Pisano, Umberto and Gerald Berger, Planetary Boundaries for Sustainable Development: From a conceptual perspective to national applications. ESDN Quarterly Report 30 – October 2013, ESDN Quarterly Report N.30. European Sustainable Development Network, 31 pages, http://www.sd-network.eu/quarterly%20reports/report%20files/pdf/2013-October-Planetary_Boundaries_for_SD.pdf[21] Raworth Kate, From Will these Sustainable Development Goals get us into the doughnut (aka a safe and just space for humanity)? Duncan Green’s discussion on Raworth’s doughnut and SDGs. 2014, http://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/will-these-sustainable-development-goals-get-us-into-the-doughnut-aka-a-safe-and-just-space-for-humanity-guest-post-from-kate-raworth/[22] Vietnam, Implementation of Sustainable Development: National Report at the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) (in Vietnamese), Ministry of Planning and Investment, Hanoi, May 2012, pp. 82.[23] Vietnam, Voluntary National Review on the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals ,Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2018, pp. 90 (in Vietnamese).[24] IMHEN, Integrating Climate Change into Socio-economic Development Plans Viet Nam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Viet Nam Publishing House of Natural Resources, Environment and Cartography, Hanoi, 2012, pp.137 (in Vietnamese).[25] T. Thuc, H.T.L. Huong and D. M. Trang, Technical guidance on integrating climate change into development planning Viet Nam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Viet Nam Publishing House of Natural Resources, Environment and Cartography, Hanoi, 2012, pp. 69 (in Vietnamese).[26] MPI and UNDP, A study on advanced strategic environmental assessment tools for the sustainability assessment of development planning projects, A project on "Strengthening capacity to integrate sustainable development and climate change in planning in Vietnam, Hanoi, 2011, pp. 79 (in Vietnamese).[27] Minister of the Ministry of Planning and Investment, Circular No. 02/2013/TT-BKHDT dated March 27, 2013 guiding the implementation of a number of contents of the Strategy for Sustainable Development in Vietnam for the period 2011-2020), 2013 (in Vietnamese).[28] V.T. Son and T.T. Phuong, Monitoring and evaluation criteria for management effectiveness for biosphere reserves: Practices in the world and applicability in Vietnam (in Vietnamese). Journal of Environment, Topic II, 2018, 12-15.[29] German MAB National Committee. Criteria for Designation and Evaluation of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in Germany. Publisher: German National Committee for the UNESCO Programme “Man and the Biosphere” (MAB), 1996, pp. 65.[30] V.T. Son et al, Final report of the independent State-level scientific and technological project titled “Research on developing a set of criteria and procedures for monitoring and evaluating the efficiency of management of biosphere reserves in Vietnam”, Code DTLXH, 20/15.2018.