Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transformer

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Transformer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 March 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Transformer"

1

Lu, Yun Cai, Li Wei, Wei Chao, and Wu Peng. "The New Development Trend of Distribution Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.831.

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Firstly, this paper introduces the development of new materials, new technology and new manufacture in power industry of China, energy-saving, low noise and smart distribution transformers are widely used in countryside power grid reconstruction. In this paper, application status and development trend of different types of distribution transformers were introduced and compared in terms of new material and new structure, such as oil-immersed distribution transformer, amorphous core transformer(AMT), dry-type transformer, SF6 insulated distribution transformer, composite transformer and other types of distribution transformers. The development of distribution transformer is mainly based on energy saving, miniaturization, wound core and amorphous alloy nowadays, but the class-H dry-type transformer and tridimensional toroidal-core amorphous alloy transformer are the future direction of development. The technology application of smart distribution grid, power electronics technology and dynamic reactive power compensation technique will also affect the safety and economic operation of distribution transformer.
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Jeckson, Jeckson, Azis Prayuda, and Yenni Afrida. "ANALISIS DAMPAK OVERLOAD TRANSFORMATOR TERHADAP KUALITAS DAYA GARDU K622 PENYULANG PELANGI PT. PLN ( PERSERO ) ULP KARANG." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36269/jtr.v4i1.986.

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Transformer overload occurs in one of the distribution transformers in PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Karang,namely the K622 Distribution Transformer at the Rainbow Feeder with a load of 110.16% exceeding the standard set by SPLN, which is 80%. This study aims to find out how to overcome the Overload problem in the K622 distribution substation transformer on The Rainbow and get the size of the K622 distribution substation transformer load before and after the Uprating Transformer. From the results of uprating, the percentage of transformer loading value before uprating transformers was carried out by 110.16% and after uprating transformers by 26.38% so that it decreased by 83.78%. This means that the uprating transformer is one of the methods that can be used to overcome excess loads.
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Alpsalaz, Feyyaz, and Mehmet Salih Mamiş. "Detection of Arc Faults in Transformer Windings via Transient Signal Analysis." Applied Sciences 14, no. 20 (October 14, 2024): 9335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14209335.

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In power transformers, lightning strikes, switching operations, and short circuit faults can deform the winding insulation, resulting in an electric arc between the windings. If the arc is not detected in its initial phase, it may lead to a solid short circuit and damage the transformer, potentially causing an explosion due to overheating and high pressure. In this study, winding arcs in the transformer are identified from the terminal current and voltage signals. A 3D magnetic model of a 15 MVA power transformer is constructed in Ansys@Maxwell, and the nonlinear arc model is simulated in Matlab@Simulink. The transient voltage and current signals related to the arcing conditions at five different points in the high-voltage side winding are obtained by running Ansys and Matlab simultaneously using ANSYS@Simplorer (Twin Builder). These signals are transformed into the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The arcs are detected from the transient-generated frequency components of the transformer voltage and current signals.
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Santos, Nuno, Miguel Chaves, Paulo Gamboa, Armando Cordeiro, Nelson Santos, and Sónia Ferreira Pinto. "High Frequency Transformers for Solid-State Transformer Applications." Applied Sciences 13, no. 12 (June 18, 2023): 7262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13127262.

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This paper focuses on the study of the high frequency transformer incorporated in solid- state transformers, specifically on the development of the steps that enable the design of an optimized high frequency transformer and its equivalent model based on the desired characteristics. The impact of operating a transformer at high frequency and the respective solutions that allow this impact to be reduced are analyzed, alongside the numerous advantages that the utilization of these transformers has over traditional 50/60 Hz transformers. Furthermore, the power scheme of the solid-state transformer is outlined, focusing on the power converters, which are immediately before and after the high frequency transformer (HFT). We also investigate a control technique that allows for correct operation and the existence of power bidirectionality. In a novel approach, this paper demonstrates the systematic steps for designing an HFT according to the desired specifications of each given project, helping students and engineers achieve their objectives in power-electronic applications. Moreover, this paper aims at increasing the knowledge of this area of power electronics and facilitating the development of new topologies with high power density, which are very important to the integration of renewable power sources and other applications. Finally, a simulation is presented to validate a high frequency transformer and its control technique.
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Survilo, Josifs, and Antons Kutjuns. "Operation Modes of HV/MV Substations." Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University. Power and Electrical Engineering 25, no. 25 (January 1, 2009): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10144-009-0018-y.

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Operation Modes of HV/MV SubstationsA distribution network consists of high voltage grid, medium voltage grid, and low voltage grid. Medium voltage grid is connected to high voltage grid via substations with HV/MV transformers. The substation may contain one, mostly two but sometimes even more transformers. Out of reliability and expenditure considerations the two transformer option prevail over others mentioned. For two transformer substation, there may be made choice out of several operation modes: 1) two (small) transformers, with rated power each over 0.7 of maximum substation load, permanently in operation; 2) one (big) transformer, with rated power over maximum substation load, permanently in operation and small transformer in constant cold reserve; 3) big transformer in operation in cold season, small transformer-in warm one. Considering transformer load losses and no load losses and observing transformer loading factor β it can be said that the mode 1) is less advantageous. The least power losses has the mode 3). There may be singled out yet three extra modes of two transformer substations: 4) two big transformers in permanent operation; 5) one big transformer permanently in operation and one such transformer in cold reserve; 6) two small transformers in operation in cold season of the year, in warm season-one small transformer on duty. At present mostly two transformers of equal power each are installed on substations and in operation is one of them, hence extra mode 5). When one transformer becomes faulty, it can be changed for smaller one and the third operation mode can be practiced. Extra mode 4) is unpractical in all aspects. The mode 6) has greater losses than the mode 3) and is not considered in detail. To prove the advantage of the third mode in sense of power losses, the notion of effective utilization time of power losses was introduced and it was proven that relative value of this quantity diminishes with loading factor β. The use of advantageous substation option would make it possible to save notable amount of electrical energy but smaller transformer lifetime of this option must be taken into account as well.
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Demirović, Azelma, and Amir Kurtić. "Experiences and Analyses of Reconstruction and Commissioning of Medium Voltage Substation." B&H Electrical Engineering 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2021-0019.

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Abstract The paper will present experiences in the reconstruction of the transformer station, which supplies the industrial factory. The previous version of the medium voltage (MV) substation with oil-filled transformers, and the new MV substation with dry and more energy efficient transformers, will be presented. An analysis of the operation and maintenance methods of oil transformers will be given. As oil transformers have many disadvantages, the reason, choice and cost-effectiveness of replacement with new dry transformers will be presented. Tests and measurements of insulation resistance of the winding and transformer protection during commissioning will also be presented. PT100 probes, which are connected to the thermostat, are installed in each low voltage winding of the dry transformer. Testing of this thermal protection of the transformer will be presented as well. Since transformers supply industrial consumers, mostly nonlinear ones, it is important to analyse the losses and life span of transformers. Nonlinear consumers lead to early aging of winding insulation, premature failures and reduction of transformer life. The newly designed and installed MV substation with Ring-main unit is ABB type SafePlus, and its installation and operating instructions will also be presented. The MV is equipped with a protection terminal, so settings and measurements of this terminal in transformer cells will be done. After the commissioning of the transformer station, the most important are diagnostics and periodic tests. Methods of periodic testing of MV substations will be presented in this paper.
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Kalita, Pankaj Kumar, Sujit Kumar Muduli, Loris D’Antoni, Thomas Reps, and Subhajit Roy. "Synthesizing abstract transformers." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 6, OOPSLA2 (October 31, 2022): 1291–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3563334.

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This paper addresses the problem of creating abstract transformers automatically. The method we present automates the construction of static analyzers in a fashion similar to the way yacc automates the construction of parsers. Our method treats the problem as a program-synthesis problem. The user provides specifications of (i) the concrete semantics of a given operation op , (ii) the abstract domain A to be used by the analyzer, and (iii) the semantics of a domain-specific language L in which the abstract transformer is to be expressed. As output, our method creates an abstract transformer for op in abstract domain A , expressed in L (an “ L -transformer for op over A ”). Moreover, the abstract transformer obtained is a most-precise L -transformer for op over A ; that is, there is no other L -transformer for op over A that is strictly more precise. We implemented our method in a tool called AMURTH. We used AMURTH to create sets of replacement abstract transformers for those used in two existing analyzers, and obtained essentially identical performance. However, when we compared the existing transformers with the transformers obtained using AMURTH, we discovered that four of the existing transformers were unsound, which demonstrates the risk of using manually created transformers.
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Kattel, Ruska, and Bhupendra Devkota. "PCBs Contamination among Distribution Transformers in the Kathmandu Valley." International Journal of Environment 4, no. 1 (February 22, 2015): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12175.

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Transformer is the crucial part in any electrical system, however there are many risks associated with its use. Thus this study was focused on assessing the status of PCBs contamination and distribution of transformers in Distribution Centre-North of the Kathmandu valley along with PCBs contamination in them. Each transformer within the study area was closely observed to obtain information about all transformers. The dielectric oil samples from the transformers were collected, safely stored and analyzed in Test Kits (L2000DX Chloride Analyzer System, recommended by UNEP). Among 111 samples of transformer oil analyzed, 4 transformers were found PCBs contaminated and they were manufactured before 1990s. The total amount of PCBs contaminated transformer oil in these transformers was 479.6 Kg. Seven transformers were found leaking, four transformers located at residential area were found emitting a low frequency tonal noise, two transformers were located within school compound, nine transformers were located near water body and around 1.44 square meters of soil surface was found contaminated by transformer oil. Though there is no way to eliminate all the risk and consequences of operating oil filled transformers, scientific distribution and proper handling could be the reasonable approaches to reduce the risks.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12175International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2014/15, Page: 16-29
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Aini, Zulfatri, Esa Mutari, Liliana Liliana, and Oriza Candra. "Analysis of Imbalance Loads and Losses Based on The Largest Loading by 3 Units of 3 Phase Distribution Transformer." JTEV (Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Vokasional) 7, no. 1 (April 2, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jtev.v7i1.111965.

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The imbalance load of distribution transformers often occurs.This is due to the fact that the load time amongst consumers is not the same, so that there is a difference in the value for each R, S, and T phase. The value difference of the phase causes overload in several phases so as the current emerges in neutral transformers. The current flowing in the neutral transformers causes the losses. In this research, the identification of the overload and the calculation of the distribution transformer load with the IEC reference standard which is allowed for 80% and the calculation of the imbalance transformer load with the 5% standard, then the losses resulting from the presence of neutral currents were carried out. There are three transformers in the Hangtuah feeder that have a load exceeded the standard, namely the DRI 0157, DRI 0241, and DRI 0065 transformers. The calculations for the three transformers are taken from measurement data in the form of voltage and current values for each phase during the daytime and nighttime and are simulated using ETAP 12.6.0 software. The symmetrical component method was used to obtain the imbalance value of the transformer load based on the measurement results and the ETAP simulation. The result of this research is the imbalance load occured in the three transformers. DRI 0241 is the transformer that has the largest percentage of an imbalance load at night. At nighttime, based on the measurement results of the DRI 0241, the transformer load is 80% and 65% at daytime, while for the imbalance load at nighttime and daytime are 32.2% and 29.8%, respectively. The greater the loading of the transformer, the larger the imbalance loading of transformer becomes. The current in neutral transformer generated losses in the amount of 45 A and 2.4% at nighttime while for 33 A and 1.2% at daytime. The neutral current affects the values of losses that the higher it is, the bigger the losses appear in a transformer.
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Ivanchenko, Daniil, and Artem Smirnov. "Identification of interturn faults in power transformers by means of generalized symmetrical components analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 140 (2019): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201914004007.

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The paper deals with experimental identification of transformer internal faults, an important factor in reliability and sustainability of power supply systems. Task of identification of transformer internal faults requires increasing sensitivity of relay protection by calculation of components most sensitive to interwire faults from transformer current. In order to study internal faults in transformer, the model in Simulink MATLAB was developed on the basis of transformer constitutive equations. Transformer with short circuited wires was simulated as a multiwinding transformer. We provide the calculation of transformer parameters. Model was applied for analysis of transients in power transformers, such as interwire fault, transformer inrush, and fault in transformer connections. Analysis of power transformer internal faults by means of time-dependent symmetrical components of currents is provided. These symmetrical components were calculated for the first harmonic of current by means of discrimination of firs harmonic by low-pass filter and compensating elements implementing phase shift. Described method allows calculation of symmetrical components during transient and under non-sinusoidal conditions. Simulation results showed the advantage of instantaneous symmetrical components of other direct values. Those components were implemented in relay protection algorithms for identification of internal faults in transformers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transformer"

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Karlsson, Svante. "Power Transformer Monitoring and Diagnosis using Transformer Explorer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-280958.

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Power transformers are one of the most expensive and vital components in the power system. A sudden failure could be a very costly process for both the transformer owner and the society. Several monitoring and diagnostic techniques have been developed over the last decades to detect incipient transformer problems at an early stage, so that planned outages for maintenance and reparation can be carried out in time. However, the majority of these methods are only secondary indicators which do not address the transformers fundamental function: to transfer electric energy between different voltage levels with turn ratio, short-circuit impedance and power loss within acceptable limits. Transformer Explorer is a concept developed by ABB which utilizes ordinary current and voltage signals available in the substation to extract transformer fundamental parameters such as: turn ratio, magnetizing current, impedance and power loss, which has significant diagnostic value. By estimating these parameters the method should be able to detect a number of problems related to the windings and the magnetic circuit of the transformer. Transformer Explorer is expected to find it's application in two different versions, either as an permanent on-line monitoring and diagnostic tool or as a short-time version for temporary measurements. The thesis could be divided into three main parts. The first one focusing on a quantitative study trying to answer questions regarding the concepts feasibility when the temporary version is used. The second part is about optimizing and improving the procedure by which the fundamental parameters are estimated. In the last part, a new method for reducing the impact of errors introduced by the acquisition system on the estimated power loss is proposed. All the investigations related to the three topics covered in this thesis showed interesting and promising results.
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Lapthorn, Andrew Craig. "High Temperature Superconducting Partial Core Transformers." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7130.

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The thesis begins by providing an introduction to transformer theory. An ideal transformer is examined first, followed by full core transformer theory. The partial core transformer is then introduced and compared to the full core design. An introduction to superconductors is then presented where a simplified theory of superconductivity is given. High temperature superconductors are then examined including their physical structure, superconducting properties and the design of the superconducting wire. The early development of high temperature superconducting partial core transformers at the University of Canterbury is then examined. Early partial core development is discussed followed by some material testing at cryogenic temperatures. This work lead into the development of the first high temperature superconducting partial core transformer. This transformer failed during testing and an examination of the failure mechanisms is presented. The results of the failure investigation prompted an alternative winding insulation design which was implemented in a full core superconducting transformer. The modelling used to design a high temperature superconducting partial core transformer is then presented. Based upon the reverse design method, the modelling is used to determine the components of the Steinmetz equivalent transformer circuit. The modelling includes a combination of circuit theory and finite element analysis. An ac loss model for high temperature superconductors is also presented. A new 15 kVA, 230-230V high temperature superconducting partial core transformer was designed, built and tested. The windings are layer wound with first generation Bi2223 high temperature superconductor. The modelling was used to predict the performance of the transformer as well as the ac losses of the high temperature superconductor. A series of electrical tests were performed on the transformer including open circuit, short circuit, resistive load, overload, ac withstand voltage and fault ride through tests. The test results are compared with the model. The transformer was found to be 98.2% efficient at rated power with 2.86% voltage regulation.
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Liew, Ming Chuen. "Reverse design transformer modelling technique with particular application to partial core transformers." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2123.

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This thesis first describes the conventional transformer design method used for design iron-core transformers. Limitations associated with this design method is highlighted. In this thesis, an alternative transformer design method is presented. It is called the reverse design method. This new design technique is compared against the conventional design method, and validated with experimental results. The reverse design method is applied to partial core transformers. Modifications made to accommodate full-core equivalent circuit components to partial core transformers are discussed. Particular attention is given to the derivation of core loss resistance, core magnetising reactance and winding leakage reactances. The new reverse design partial core model is applied at 50Hz normal operating temperature applications. The model is verified with experimental results. Next the reverse design model is applied to transformers when immersed in liquid nitrogen. The accuracy of the model derived previously for normal operating temperatures is investigated. Necessary modifications are made to the model. The corrected model is again justified with experimental results. Finally, the model is used for the harmonic frequency analysis of partial core transformers. Capacitive components are included as part of the analysis. Frequency responses of transformers with relatively low turn ratio are analysed, followed by high voltage partial core transformers with large turn ratio. Comparisons are made between the model calculated and test results.
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Reyes, Rosa Maria Barragan. "Heat transformer studies." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386347.

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White, Cynthia Quinn. "The Transformer Station." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64190.

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Fontana, Christian. "Solid State Transformer." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424940.

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The Solid State Transformer (SST) is an emerging solution that can advantageously substitute the conventional transformer, thanks to its capabilities. Furthermore, it is a multi-functional equipment that offers: - conditioning of the power flow, whether of DC or AC form; - reduced size and weight thanks to the high frequency transformer; - good voltage regulating capabilities; - no diffusion of voltage swell or sag thanks to the DC link (if any); - power factor correction; - fast fault detection and protection; - capability to maintain the output feed for a time (hold up time) thanks to the DC link capacitors; Moreover, it offers the conventional transformer properties: - galvanic isolation between input and output; - step up/down of the input voltage; The SST capabilities make this technology an important solution to solve the current and future issues of the grid. The reduced weight and size allow getting high performances in the traction systems. The bidirectional power flow capabilities allow the connection and management of renewable energy sources (RES) with the grid and different loads, connected to AC side or, if present, to DC link.
Il trasformatore a stato solido (SST) è un emergente tecnologia che può sostituire i trasformatori convenzionali, apportando notevoli vantaggi grazie alle sue potenzialità e funzionalità. Tra le più importanti abbiamo: -condizionamento del flusso di potenza, sia DC che in AC; -ridotte dimensioni e peso, grazie all'uso di un trasformatore in alta frequenza; -ottima regolazione della tensione; -limita diffusione di buchi di tensione; -correzione del fattore di potenza; -hold up time funzionalità; -isolamento galvanico. Grazie a queste funzionalità questa tecnologia diventa molto importante per poter affrontare problemi, presenti e futuri, legati alla gestione della rete elettrica. La possibilità di gestire il flusso di energia e la bidirezionalità del flusso di potenza consentono di facilitare l'integrazione delle risorse rinnovabili con la rete elettrica. Inoltre, la riduzione dipeso e dimensioni consentono di ottenere alte performance in sistemi usati per la trazione.
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Mao, Peilin. "Power transformer fault diagnosis based on wavelet transform and artificial neural network." Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760740.

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Zhong, Ming. "Partial core power transformer." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7537.

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This thesis describes the design, construction, and testing of a 15kVA, 11kV/230V partial core power transformer (PCPT) for continuous operation. While applications for the partial core transformer have been developed for many years, the concept of constructing a partial core transformer, from conventional copper windings, as a power transformer has not been investigated, specifically to have a continuous operation. In this thesis, this concept has been investigated and tested. The first part of the research involved creating a computer program to model the physical dimensions and the electrical performance of a partial core transformer, based on the existing partial core transformer models. Also, since the hot-spot temperature is the key factor for limiting the power rating of the PCPT, the second part of the research investigates a thermal model to simulate the change of the hot-spot temperature for the designed PCPT. The cooling fluid of the PCPT applied in this project was BIOTEMP®. The original thermal model used was from the IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed transformer. However, some changes to the original thermal model had to be made since the original model does not include BIOTEMP® as a type of cooling fluid. The constructed partial core transformer was tested to determine its hot-spot temperature when it is immersed by BIOTEMP®, and the results compared with the thermal model. The third part of the research involved using both the electrical model and the thermal model to design a PCPT. The PCPT was tested to obtain the actual electrical and the thermal performance for the PCPT. The overall performance of the PCPT was very close to the model estimation. However, cooling of the PCPT was not sufficient to allow the PCPT to operate at the design rated load for continuous operation. Therefore, the PCPT was down rated from 15kVA to maintain the hot-spot temperature at 100°C for continuous operation. The actual rating of the PCPT is 80% of the original power rating, which is 12kVA.
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Chew, En Phin. "Superconducting Transformer Design and Construction." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4977.

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This thesis first outlines the testing undertaken on a partial core superconducting transformer under open circuit, short circuit, full load and endurance test conditions. During the endurance test, a failure occurred after 1 minute and 35 seconds. During the failure, voltage dipping and rapid liquid nitrogen boil off was observed. This prompted a failure investigation which concluded that the lack of cooling in the windings was the most probable cause to the failure. Full core transformer and superconductor theories are then introduced. A copper winding transformer model, based on a Steinmetz equivalent circuit and a reverse design method, is described. A superconductor loss model which outlines the different types of losses experienced under AC conditions is used to determine the resistance of the windings in the Steinmetz equivalent circuit. This resistance changes with the magnitude of current and the strength of the magnetic field that is present in the gaps between each layer of the windings. An alternative leakage flux model is then presented, where the flux is modelled based on the combination of the reluctance of the core and the air surrounding the windings. Based on these theories, an iterative algorithm to calculate the resistance of the superconductor is developed. A new design of a 15kVA single phase full core superconducting transformer, operating in liquid nitrogen, is presented. The issues with building the superconducting transformer are outlined. First, a copper mockup of the superconducting transformer was designed where the mockup would have the same tape and winding dimensions as the superconducting transformer, which means the same core can be used for two different sets of windings. This led to designing a core that could be easily taken apart as well as reassembled. Construction of the core, the copper windings and the superconductor windings ensued. The process of cutting the core laminations, insulating the copper and superconductor tapes, and making the steel fasteners and terminations are described. The copper mockup and superconducting transformers was then tested under open circuit, short circuit, different load and endurance conditions at both liquid nitrogen and room temperatures. These test results were then compared with the those from two models. The comparison showed a significant inaccuracy in the reactances in the models. This introduced a correction factor into the superconductor model which ii made it more accurate. However, further work is required to explain and quantify the correction factors for the copper transformer model under different load conditions.
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Zhang, Xingxing. "STRANDED CORE TRANSFORMER LOSS ANALYSIS." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/533.

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We will present the approaches used to investigating the power loss for the stranded core transformers. One advantage of using stranded core is to reduce power loss or enhance transformer efficiency. One difficulty in the modeling of this type of transformer is that the core is not solid (there are small gaps between core wires due to circular cross section). A two dimensional finite element method with nodal basis function for magnetostatic field was developed to study the effects of the small gaps between core wires. The magnetic flux densities are compared for the uniform (solid) cores and the stranded cores for various permeability values. The effects of different air gap dimensions in stranded core to the magnitude of magnetic flux density were also discussed. The results of the two dimensional study were applied to modify the B-H curves in a 3D simulation with an equivalent simplified uniformed core transformer model via Ansoft Maxwell 3D. This is achieved by output the magnitude of magnetic flux density at fixed points of mesh center. The total core loss of a transformer was predicted by integration of the losses of all elements.
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Books on the topic "Transformer"

1

Pufleb, Robert. Transformer. [Breda]: The Eriskay Connection, 2018.

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Mario, Navarro, and Centro Cultural Matucana 100, eds. Transformer. Santiago de Chile: Centro Cultural Matucana, 2005.

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3

Ramboz, J. D. A calibration service for current transformers. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991.

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G, Uchaĭkin I., and Mordovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet imeni N.P. Ogareva., eds. Poluprovodnikovye pribory i preobrazovatelʹnye ustroĭstva: Proektirovanie, raschet, modelirovanie, i kontrolʹ : mezhvuzovskiĭ sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Saransk: Mordovskiĭ gos. universitet im. N.P. Ogareva, 1986.

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Oskars, Petersons, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. A calibration service for current transformers. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991.

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Saha, Tapan Kumar, and Prithwiraj Purkait, eds. Transformer Ageing. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119239970.

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Andriadi, Fayakhun. Golkar transformer. Jakarta: RMBooks, 2014.

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1946-, Bronckart Jean-Paul, and Thurler Monica Gather, eds. Transformer l'école. Bruxelles: De Boeck, 2004.

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Ushakov, Vasily Ya, Alexey V. Mytnikov, Valeriy A. Lavrinovich, and Alexey V. Lavrinovich. Transformer Condition Control. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83198-1.

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Manes, Ernest G. Predicate transformer semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transformer"

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Courant, Robin, Maika Edberg, Nicolas Dufour, and Vicky Kalogeiton. "Transformers and Visual Transformers." In Machine Learning for Brain Disorders, 193–229. New York, NY: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3195-9_6.

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AbstractTransformers were initially introduced for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but fast they were adopted by most deep learning fields, including computer vision. They measure the relationships between pairs of input tokens (words in the case of text strings, parts of images for visual transformers), termed attention. The cost is exponential with the number of tokens. For image classification, the most common transformer architecture uses only the transformer encoder in order to transform the various input tokens. However, there are also numerous other applications in which the decoder part of the traditional transformer architecture is also used. Here, we first introduce the attention mechanism (Subheading 1) and then the basic transformer block including the vision transformer (Subheading 2). Next, we discuss some improvements of visual transformers to account for small datasets or less computation (Subheading 3). Finally, we introduce visual transformers applied to tasks other than image classification, such as detection, segmentation, generation, and training without labels (Subheading 4) and other domains, such as video or multimodality using text or audio data (Subheading 5).
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Otte, Matthias. "TRANSFORMER." In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 1998, 98–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58775-7_18.

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Weik, Martin H. "transformer." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1811. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_19920.

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Gergely, Gábor. "Transformer." In Schwarzenegger, 85–131. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06951-2_3.

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Helfrich-Schkarbanenko, Andreas. "Transformer." In Mathematik und ChatGPT, 3–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-68209-8_1.

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Bazzano, Manu. "Transformer." In Subversion and Desire, 117–36. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003280262-8.

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Patel, Mukund R. "Transformer." In Shipboard Electrical Power Systems, 139–66. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003191513-6.

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Okadome, Takeshi. "Transformer." In Essentials of Generative AI, 65–80. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0029-8_6.

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Beiranvand, Hamzeh, Fabian Groon, Yoann Pascal, and Marco Liserre. "Multiwinding transformer-based solid-state transformers." In Inductive Devices in Power Electronics, 295–315. United Kingdom: The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo203e_ch15.

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Qiu, Shi, Saeed Anwar, and Nick Barnes. "PU-Transformer: Point Cloud Upsampling Transformer." In Computer Vision – ACCV 2022, 326–43. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26319-4_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transformer"

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Bodreddigari, Kanishka, Vijaya Kumar B P, Benny Dharshan G, Vivek B V, Aneeq Ahmed, and Srivatsa V. "CTRNN-Transformer Adding Continuous Time Neural Models to Transformers." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/conecct62155.2024.10677304.

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Hu, Chenghao, and Baochun Li. "When the Edge Meets Transformers: Distributed Inference with Transformer Models." In 2024 IEEE 44th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), 82–92. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdcs60910.2024.00017.

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Hertel, Matthias, Simon Ott, Benjamin Schäfer, Ralf Mikut, Veit Hagenmeyer, and Oliver Neumann. "Evaluation of Transformer Architectures for Electrical Load Time-Series Forecasting." In Forum Bildverarbeitung 2022. KIT Scientific Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58895/ksp/1000150865-6.

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Accurate forecasts of the electrical load are needed to stabilize the electrical grid and maximize the use of renewable energies. Many good forecasting methods exist, including neural networks, and we compare them to the recently developed Transformers, which are the state-of-the-art machine learning technique for many sequence-related tasks. We apply different types of Transformers, namely the Time-Series Transformer, the Convolutional Self- Attention Transformer and the Informer, to electrical load data from Baden- Württemberg. Our results show that the Transformes give up to 11% better forecasts than multi-layer perceptrons for long prediction horizons. Furthermore, we analyze the Transformers’ attention scores to get insights into the model.
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Hertel, Matthias, Simon Ott, Benjamin Schäfer, Ralf Mikut, Veit Hagenmeyer, and Oliver Neumann. "Evaluation of Transformer Architectures for Electrical Load Time-Series Forecasting." In 32. Workshop Computational Intelligence. KIT Scientific Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58895/ksp/1000151141-6.

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Accurate forecasts of the electrical load are needed to stabilize the electrical grid and maximize the use of renewable energies. Many good forecasting methods exist, including neural networks, and we compare them to the recently developed Transformers, which are the state-of-the-art machine learning technique for many sequence-related tasks. We apply different types of Transformers, namely the Time-Series Transformer, the Convolutional Self- Attention Transformer and the Informer, to electrical load data from Baden- Württemberg. Our results show that the Transformes give up to 11% better forecasts than multi-layer perceptrons for long prediction horizons. Furthermore, we analyze the Transformers’ attention scores to get insights into the model.
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Lee, Sangyoon, and Perry Y. Li. "Passivity Based Backstepping Control for Trajectory Tracking Using a Hydraulic Transformer." In ASME/BATH 2015 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2015-9618.

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Throttling loss is a major contributor to the low system efficiency in hydraulic systems. Hydraulic transformers can potentially be an energy efficient, throttle-less control approach for multi-actuators systems powered by a common pressure rail (CPR). The transformer transforms the input CPR pressure to the desired pressure of the actuator instead of throttling it. Regenerative energy can also be captured. For transformers to be useful, they must also have good control performance. This paper presents a a passivity based trajectory tracking controller for a hydraulic actuator driven by a transformer consisting of two mechanically coupled variable displacement pump/motors. In addition to controlling the motion of the actuator, the transformer speed can also be regulated at the most efficient operating speed. The nonlinear controller is designed using a Lyapunov function that is based upon a recently discovered natural energy storage function for hydraulic actuators. Experimental results validate the efficacy of this controller.
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AL Dhaheri, Ahmed, and B. Srihariraju. "Power Transformer Reliability Assurance Program." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/222698-ms.

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Abstract Power transformers are vital components in electrical power systems, utilized for varying voltage to the required transmission and distribution levels. These assets are highly valued and susceptible to degradation from regular operations, abnormal conditions, including overloading, harmonics, short circuits, and environmental factors. Ensuring the reliability and fault-free operation of transformers is essential to prevent extensive power system interruptions with potential to disrupt business continuity. This paper details a comprehensive transformer health assessment program implemented at ADNOC GAS - Ruways & Sulphur Division, employing advanced techniques for testing and diagnostics. The main objective of assessing transformer health condition in accordance with international standards such the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers "IEEE", the International Electrotechnical Commission "IEC" and Council on Large Electric Systems "CIGRE" is to establish prioritization criteria for transformer overhaul based on the severity of issues and transformer criticality. This comprehensive approach enhances planning strategies to proactively carry out transformer overhauls to prevent inadvertent failure, reduce downtime, extend transformer lifespan, improve availability and system reliability.
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J, Kohila, Kesavan S, Rishikesh V, and Arunkumar S. "Transformer Maintenance Monitoring System." In International Conference on Modern Trends in Engineering and Management (ICMTEM-24). International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/usog8507/icmtem24p12.

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One crucial part of an electrical distribution system is the transformer. Thus, it’s critical to keep an eye out for issues with transformers before they become defective. This system focuses on designing and implementing an embedded system to track and record important distribution transformer properties, such as temperature, voltage, and load currents. It is installed at the distribution transformer location, and the embedded system’s analog-to-digital converter is used to record the aforementioned parameters. The system memory is used to process and store the acquired parameters. The system functionsto prevent abnormalities or emergencies by acting promptly. The transformers will function more smoothly and this technique willassist detect issues before they become serious. The suggested system is inexpensive, simple to operate, and able to monitor and displayingdata using Matlab.
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Simonson, E. "Transformer ratings and transformer life." In IEE Colloquium Transformer Life Management. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19981011.

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Skiles, Stewart M., Vikramjit Singh, Jarden Krager, Carolyn Conner Seepersad, Kristin L. Wood, and Dan Jensen. "Adapted Concept Generation and Computational Techniques for the Application of a Transformer Design Theory." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99584.

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Transformers are a class of products with great potential in a number of markets and applications. These are systems that exhibit a change in state to facilitate new or enhanced product functionality. The historical children’s toys known as “transformers” provide a mental picture of this definition. Working examples are vertical lift aircraft that function as helicopters for take-offs but transform to propeller-driven airplanes for point-to-point travel. This paper builds on research into developing principles and design methodologies for the creation of transforming products. We summarize this research and demonstrate an approach for implementing Transformer Design Principles as part of an ideation and computational design process. An application to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV-TACMAV) illustrates the utility of the approach.
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Lu, Zhiyuan, Yuan Fang, Cheng Yang, and Chuan Shi. "Heterogeneous Graph Transformer with Poly-Tokenization." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/247.

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Graph neural networks have shown widespread success for learning on graphs, but they still face fundamental drawbacks, such as limited expressive power, over-smoothing, and over-squashing. Meanwhile, the transformer architecture offers a potential solution to these issues. However, existing graph transformers primarily cater to homogeneous graphs and are unable to model the intricate semantics of heterogeneous graphs. Moreover, unlike small molecular graphs where the entire graph can be considered as the receptive field in graph transformers, real-world heterogeneous graphs comprise a significantly larger number of nodes and cannot be entirely treated as such. Consequently, existing graph transformers struggle to capture the long-range dependencies in these complex heterogeneous graphs. To address these two limitations, we present Poly-tokenized Heterogeneous Graph Transformer (PHGT), a novel transformer-based heterogeneous graph model. In addition to traditional node tokens, PHGT introduces a novel poly-token design with two more token types: semantic tokens and global tokens. Semantic tokens encapsulate high-order heterogeneous semantic relationships, while global tokens capture semantic-aware long-range interactions. We validate the effectiveness of PHGT through extensive experiments on standardized heterogeneous graph benchmarks, demonstrating significant improvements over state-of-the-art heterogeneous graph representation learning models.
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Reports on the topic "Transformer"

1

Skone, Timothy J. Transformer Construction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509458.

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Swallom, D. W., and G. Enos. Lightweight transformer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6197083.

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Thomas L. Baldwin, Robert J. Turk, Kurt S. Myers, Jake P. Gentle, and Jason W. Bush. Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055825.

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Thomas L. Baldwin, Robert J. Turk, Kurt S. Myers, Jake P. Gentle, and Jason W. Bush. Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055976.

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Thomas L. Baldwin, Robert J. Turk, Kurt S. Myers, Jake P. Gentle, and Jason W. Bush. Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055997.

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Norman Bessette, Douglas S. Schmidt, Jolyon Rawson, Rhys Foster, and Anthony Litka. Fuel Transformer Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/909613.

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Norman Bessette, Douglas S. Schmidt, Jolyon Rawson, Rhys Foster, and Anthony Litka. Fuel Transformer Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/898110.

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Kearney, K. Transformer site decontamination technology assessment report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7052262.

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Ndiaye, Ibrahima, Enrique Betancourt Ramírez, Jesus Avila Montes, Yazhou Jiang, and Ahmed Elasser. Grid Ready, Flexible Large Power Transformer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1527031.

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Burkes, Klaehn. HEMP TRANSFORMER DEFENSE THROUGH POWER ELECTRONICS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1570350.

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