Journal articles: 'Transformer voltage control'

1

Saveliev, Dmitri, Dmitri Chashin, Leonid Fetisov, Mikhail Shamonin, and Yuri Fetisov. "Ceramic-Heterostructure-Based Magnetoelectric Voltage Transformer with an Adjustable Transformation Ratio." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 3981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13183981.

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A voltage transformer employing the magnetoelectric effect in a composite ceramic heterostructure with layers of a magnetostrictive nickel–cobalt ferrite and a piezoelectric lead zirconate–titanate is described. In contrast to electromagnetic and piezoelectric transformers, a unique feature of the presented transformer is the possibility of tuning the voltage transformation ratio K using a dc magnetic field. The dependences of the transformer characteristics on the frequency and the amplitude of the input voltage, the strength of the control magnetic field and the load resistance are investigated. The transformer operates in the voltage range between 0 and 112 V, and the voltage transformation ratio K is tuned between 0 and 14.1 when the control field H changes between 0 and 6.4 kA/m. The power at the transformer output reached 63 mW, and the power conversion efficiency was 34%. The methods for calculation of the frequency response, and the field and load characteristics of the transformer are proposed. The ways to improve performance characteristics of magnetoelectric transformers and their possible application areas are discussed.

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Zhang, Xian Jin, and Bu Gen Wang. "Feed-Forward Control of Input-Series and Output-Parallel DC Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 791–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.791.

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The input-series and output-parallel (ISOP) DC transformer, which has no output filter, runs under near 100% duty ratio, and is easily achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) conditions and higher efficiency, is more and more attractive in the high input voltage and high power applications. In order to achieving input voltages sharing in ISOP DC transformer based on two non-resonant DC transformer modules, the feed-forward control method is proposed in this paper. And the principle of the proposed control is analyzed in detail. Finally, experimental results are given to verify the proposed control method to have a good ability of sharing the input voltages.

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Nakadomari, Akito, Ryuto Shigenobu, Takeyoshi Kato, Narayanan Krishnan, Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida, Hiroshi Takahashi, and Tomonobu Senjyu. "Unbalanced Voltage Compensation with Optimal Voltage Controlled Regulators and Load Ratio Control Transformer." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 2997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14112997.

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Penetration of equipment such as photovoltaic power generations (PV), heat pump water heaters (HP), and electric vehicles (EV) introduces voltage unbalance issues in distribution systems. Controlling PV and energy storage system (ESS) outputs or coordinated EV charging are investigated for voltage unbalance compensation. However, some issues exist, such as dependency on installed capacity and fairness among consumers. Therefore, the ideal way to mitigate unbalanced voltages is to use grid-side equipment mainly. This paper proposes a voltage unbalance compensation based on optimal tap operation scheduling of three-phase individual controlled step voltage regulators (3ϕSVR) and load ratio control transformer (LRT). In the formulation of the optimization problem, multiple voltage unbalance metrics are comprehensively included. In addition, voltage deviations, network losses, and coordinated tap operations, which are typical issues in distribution systems, are considered. In order to investigate the mutual influence among voltage unbalance and other typical issues, various optimization problems are formulated, and then they are compared by numerical simulations. The results show that the proper operation of 3ϕSVRs and LRT effectively mitigates voltage unbalance. Furthermore, the results also show that voltage unbalances and other typical issues can be improved simultaneously with appropriate formulations.

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Feng, Qiao Ling, and Hua Zhang. "Design of an Electronic Voltage Transformer Suitable for Digital Transformer Substation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (June 2012): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.665.

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In this paper an electronic voltage-current voltage transformer (EVCVT) scheme has been proposed based on voltage-current transformation, using the voltage - current transformation technology and weak current detection technology to achieve the accurate measurement of the grid voltage. It transforms the high voltage into low current by high voltage thick film resistor, then the current sensor transforms the low current signal into a standard analog voltage signal, thus an AD converter collects the voltage signal, and the value be imported into the microprocessor for filtration, calibration, coding. After filtering the data would be transmitted to the upper computer or relay protection devices of the digital substation. This paper focused on the design of hardware circuit of digital voltage transformer, developed the software package and produced a prototype control board. Initial experiments show that the scheme is valuable for digital substation.

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Yun, Chun-gi, and Younghoon Cho. "Active Hybrid Solid State Transformer Based on Multi-Level Converter Using SiC MOSFET." Energies 12, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010066.

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As the types of loads have been diversified and demand has increased, conventional distribution transformers are difficult to maintain the constant voltage against voltage drop along with distance, grid voltage swell/sag, and various loads. Also, it is hard to control the power flow when connecting renewable energy sources. Active hybrid solid state transformer (AHSST) is application to keep the voltage and power quality. AHSST is a system that combines conventional distribution transformer and converter. Accordingly, it can be applied directly to distribution infrastructure and it has both the advantages of solid state transformer (SST) and conventional transformer. AHSST is capable of active voltage and current control and power factor control. It has a simpler structure than SST and it can perform the same performance with the lower rating converter. This paper presents two stage AHSST system based on multi-level converter. The converter is composed of the back-to-back converter using silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). Proposed system has a wider voltage and power flow control range, lower filter size, and simpler control sequence than existing AHSST systems. The performance of the proposed system was verified by prototype system experiments.

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Trkulja, Bojan, Ana Drandić, Viktor Milardić, and Igor Žiger. "Evaluation of Methodology for Lightning Impulse Voltage Distribution over High-Voltage Windings of Inductive Voltage Transformers." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 5144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165144.

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Knowledge of lightning impulse (LI) voltage distribution over transformer windings during the design stage of the transformer is very important. Specific design differences in inductive voltage transformers make the transient analysis approach different to the approach to the power transformers. In this paper, a methodology for acquiring lightning impulse voltage distribution over high-voltage (HV) winding of inductive voltage transformers is presented and evaluated. Resistance, inductance, and capacitance matrices are calculated using the integral and boundary element methods (BEM) approach. Additionally, in order to improve the capacitance matrix solver, adaptive cross approximation (ACA) is applied. These parameters are then used to solve the equivalent circuit model in time domain. In order to evaluate the methodology, an experimental and numerical investigation of the layer discretisation, iron core influence, and accuracy of the proposed methodology is performed. The comparison of numerical results with measurements confirms the validity of the methodology.

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Drabek, Tomasz, and Paweł Dybowski. "Control of the Transformer Phase Powers Using a Single-Phase Voltage Source." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041038.

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Power flow in three-phase distribution grids containing single-phase prosumer voltage sources strongly depends on the RMS value of the voltage of these sources and their phase shifts in relation to the grid voltage. The ideal way to control single-phase prosumer sources should guarantee no return active power to the MV grid through a distribution transformer and no additional reactive power flows in the LV grid. This means that the active power of the one-phase voltage source is consumed by other single-phase customers (in the same phase or in other phases) and the reactive power of this source is equal to zero. The paper presents the results of the investigations of the dynamic control system of a single-phase voltage source that allows meeting these conditions. On the basis of steady-state calculations, the static characteristics of the above-mentioned control, needed to determine of the proper working point of a prosumer source were also obtained. The control process involves the control of the RMS value and phase angle of the voltage source against the phase voltage of the LV grid, to which the source is connected, with simultaneous control of the current phase angle issued by the power source against voltage. The result of the research is the confirmation of the necessity of using a zig–zag connection of the secondary side of distribution transformers. The developed control system of the prosumer voltage source does not fully control the active power of individual phases of the distribution transformer. The paper shows that the power losses in a distribution transformer strongly depend not only on the active power of the prosumer source, but also on its effective voltage and phase in relation to the transformer voltage.

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Choi, J. H., and J. C. Kim. "The online voltage control of ULTC transformer for distribution voltage regulation." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 23, no. 2 (February 2001): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-0615(00)00052-1.

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Panfilov, Dmitriy I., Mikhail G. Astashev, and Aleksandr V. Gorchakov. "A Solid-State On-Load Tap Changer for the Power Transformers of 10—0.4 kV Distribution Networks." Vestnik MEI 6, no. 6 (2020): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2020-3-82-90.

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The specific features relating to voltage control of power transformers at distribution network transformer substations are considered. An approach to implementing high-speed on-load voltage control of serially produced 10/0.4 kV power transformers by using a solid-state on-load tap changer (SOLTC) is presented. An example of the SOLTC circuit solution on the basis of thyristor switches is given. On-load voltage control algorithms for power transformers equipped with SOLTC that ensure high reliability and high-speed operation are proposed. The SOLTC performance and the operability of the suggested voltage control algorithms were studied by simulation in the Matlab/Simulink environment and by experiments on the SOLTC physical model. The structure and peculiarities of the used simulation Matlab model are described. The SOLTC physical model design and its parameters are presented. The results obtained from the simulating the SOLTC operation on the Matlab model and from the experiments on the SOLTS physical model jointly with a power transformer under different loads and with using different control algorithms are given. An analysis of the experimental study results has shown the soundness of the adopted technical solutions. It has been demonstrated that the use of an SOLTC ensures high-speed voltage control, high efficiency and reliability of its operation, and arcless switching of the power transformer regulating taps without load voltage and current interruption. By using the SOLTC operation algorithms it is possible to perform individual phase voltage regulation in a three-phase 0.4 kV distribution network. The possibility of integrating SOLTC control and diagnostic facilities into the structure of modern digital substations based on the digital interface according to the IEC 61850 standard is noted.

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Albrechtowicz, Paweł. "Phase-Shifting Transformer Efficiency Analysis Based on Low-Voltage Laboratory Units." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 5049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165049.

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Phase-shifting transformers are effective elements used to control power flows in many power systems. Their positive influence on power flows has been proved in the literature. However, the efficiency of phase-shifting transformers has not been analyzed, especially not with regard for their various types. This study is therefore focused on the efficiency question with respect to electrical energy parameters. Research was performed on a laboratory phase-shifter unit with longitudinal and quadrature voltage regulation, and then these results were correlated to the simulation model equivalent. Laboratory transformer parameter data were used to prepare asymmetrical and symmetrical phase-shifting transformer simulation models. Simulation results were then used to compare the electrical properties and efficiency of all the types of phase-shifting transformer considered. All phase-shifting transformer types had a significant impact on the transmitted active power, but each type had different features. The symmetrical unit had the lowest power losses and a stable output voltage level compared to the asymmetrical one, which increased the output voltage, while the quadrature voltage also grew. These features must be considered, taking into account power system conditions such as the voltage variability profile and active power transfer demand. In this study, we propose the construction of an asymmetrical controllable phase-shifting transformer in order to achieve flexible control.

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Espinosa, Eduardo, José Espinoza, Pedro Melín, Jaime Rohten, Carlos Baier, and Marcelo Reyes. "Finite Control Set—Model Predictive Control with Non-Spread Spectrum and Reduced Switching Frequency Applied to Multi-Cell Rectifiers." Energies 14, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 6045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196045.

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Multi-cell converters are widely used in medium-voltage AC drives. This equipment is based on power cells that operate with low-voltage-rating semiconductors and require an input multipulse transformer. This transformer cancels the low-frequency current harmonics generated by the three-phase diode-based rectifier. Unfortunately, this transformer is bulky, heavy, expensive, and does not extend the existing power cell (three-phase rectifier—Direct Current (DC) voltage-link—single-phase inverter) to the transformer. In this study, a harmonic cancelation method based on finite control set-model predictive control (FCS–MPC), extending the power cell’s modularity to the input transformer. On the other hand, it considers treating the two disadvantages of the FCS–MPC: High switching frequency and spread spectrum. The details were developed in theory and practice to obtain satisfactory experimental results.

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Pan, Lei, He Xu Sun, Lan Fang Fu, Bin Liu, Ran Gao, and Bei Bei Wang. "Research on TZSI Control Method." Advanced Materials Research 773 (September 2013): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.51.

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In transformer-Z-source inverters (TZSI), the impedance networks consist of a transformer and one capacitor. While maintaining the main features of traditional Z-source network, the new networks exhibit some unique advantages, such as the increased voltage gain and reduced voltage stress in the voltage-fed TZSI, when the turns ratio of the transformer windings is over 1. This paper contributes to the ac small signal modeling and analysis of TZSI in continuous conduction mode. The ac small signal model considers the dynamics introduced by network uniquely contained in TZSI. And a double loop control method which is impedance source network output dc voltage and current loop has been proposed to realize the control of TZSI. Results of simulations and experiments are used to validate the control method and show that this method is correct and feasible.

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Hassani, Mahdi, Seyed Siavash Karimi Madahi, Hassan Feshki Farahani, and Hossein Sarabadani. "A New Method to Improve the Voltage Distribution and Electric Field Control for Conceder Bushing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 5184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.5184.

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Capacitor bushings are one of the key components in power transformers. Although their price is a negligible part of the total price of the power transformer, their quality has a significant effect on performance and reliability of power transformers. In high voltage capacitor bushings, the intensity of voltage and electric field on bushing abacus is very high. This high intensity is also observed in flange parts. The amount of multi layer insulator among the electrodes or floating plates in capacitor bushing make equi-potential surfaces and reduction of electric field in these areas can greatly improve the capacitor bushing performance. In this paper, we investigate the reduction of field intensity and electrical tension and also improvement in voltage control by displacing floating plates which are in the form of aluminum foils stick to impregnated paper. To calculate the field intensity, we used the MAXWELL software using FEM (Finite element method). Using this new method of placing capacitor core its effect on voltage profile reduction and field electrical tension is shown. Over voltage and pollution effects are also investigate on power transformer bushings.

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Soomro, Amir M., Shahnawaz F. Khahro, and Xiao Zhong Liao. "Simulation for the Control Strategy of Three-Phase Boost-Half-Bridge (BHB) DC-DC Converter with Series Voltage Doubler Rectifiers through Three-Phase High Frequency Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.533.

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This paper presents simulation for the control strategy of three-phase boost-half-bridge (BHB) DC-DC converter with series voltage doubler rectifiers through three-phase high frequency transformer. The control strategy is consisting of three voltage loops. All the three voltage loops are independent of the input side and controls the input and output power balance from the secondary side of the high frequency transformers only. Moreover, the control strategy has been verified for its appropriate operation by simulating the above said configuration for the same turn ratios as well as for the mismatch turn ratios of high frequency transformers. Finally, the satisfactory simulation results for the proposed control strategy are presented.

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V Swathi, G., N. Paparao, and D. Swathi. "Design an Efficient Power Electronics Transformer (PET) for the Improvement of Quality in Power." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.17629.

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This paper consists of a new device called as Power Electronics transformer (PET) which has been recommended in paper so that it understands that voltage transformation, galvanic isolation, and enhancing force personal satisfaction for a just gadget. The PET gives a complete methodology for designing a transformer that uses Power electronic frameworks which comprises for primary coil and auxiliary coils of a transformer. A couple features to example, such-and fast voltage regulation, voltage list recompense what's more likewise revision for control figure could a chance to be united under PET. This paper indicates another thought of plotting An vitality electronic transformer. In the schema process, those AC/DC, DC/AC, AC/AC converters In addition secondary back transformers have been utilized. Grid converter similarly meets desires Likewise AC/AC converter on force electronic transformer. Those proposed drive electronic transformer performs perplexedly capacities to example, amendment regarding energy. Factors, elimination of swell and voltage sag, reduction of voltage flicker and fault situation protection capabilities. The recommended force electronic transformer need been shown using MATLAB/ SIMULINK Furthermore also change Previously, force characteristic with recommended perfect gas need been checked by the simulink outcomes.

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Mishra, Menka. "Voltage Control of On-Load Tap Changing Transformer in Distributed Network." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.060201.

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This paper deals with the basic concept of tap changing of transformer, types of tap changer and various voltage control methods used for On-load tap changing transformer in distribution network. These methods depend upon the series and parallel operation of On Load Tap Changing Transformer. In parallel operation-automatic voltage controller and low drop compensation controller are used. While in series operation grading time and communication based voltage control methods are used.

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Yamamoto, Tetsuya, Kiyotaka Tanaka, and Toshikatsu Sonoda. "High Precision of AC Voltage Control Circuit with Transformer." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 128, no. 6 (2008): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.128.373.

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Bridenbaugh, C. J., D. A. DiMascio, and R. D'Aquila. "Voltage control improvement through capacitor and transformer tap optimization." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 7, no. 1 (1992): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.141707.

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Wu, Hao. "A Voltage Control Model of Multi-ports DC Transformer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1732 (January 2021): 012187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1732/1/012187.

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Shixi, Su, Luo Hui, and Liao Zhikun. "Design of control algorithm based on high voltage transformer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1754, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1754/1/012202.

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Fetisov, Leonid Yu, Dmitry V. Chashin, and Yuri K. Fetisov. "Controllable Inductors and Transformers Based On Ferromagnet-Piezoelectric Heterostructuresformers Based On Ferromagnet-Piezoelectric Heterostructures." Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information Technologies. 13, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17725/rensit.2021.13.027.

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The elements of electrical circuits, which inductance L can be tuned electrically (the so-called "inductors"), and transforemers are used in modern electronics, radio engineering and low-power energy for galvanic isolation of circuits and converting voltage amplitudes. In this work, new devices of this type have been manufactured and investigated, using the magnetoelectric effect in ferromagnetic-piezoelectric heterostructures. The inductance of the manufactured inductor is tuned by 400% by a control electric field of up to 10 kV/cm applied to the piezoelectric layer of the structure, and by 1000% by an external magnetic field of up to 10 Oe, acting on the structure. The transformer operates in the range of input voltages of 0-8 V, has a power transfer coefficient of 30% and a voltage transformation ratio of 0-14, tunable by a control magnetic field of up to 80 Oe. Methods for calculating the characteristics of magnetoelectric inductor and transformer are described.

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Zhao, Chuanhong, Drazen Dujic, Akos Mester, Juergen K. Steinke, Michael Weiss, Silvia Lewdeni-Schmid, Toufann Chaudhuri, and Philippe Stefanutti. "Power Electronic Traction Transformer—Medium Voltage Prototype." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 61, no. 7 (July 2014): 3257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2013.2278960.

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Sun, Baiyan, Congzhe Gao, Xiangdong Liu, Zhen Chen, and Tong Zheng. "Voltage-Adjustable Capacitor Isolated Solid-State Transformer." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 67, no. 9 (September 2020): 7550–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2945305.

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Vidmysh, Andriy, Oleksii Tokarchuk, Michael Karpiychuk, and Maksym Paladii. "INTELLIGENT LOAD CONTROL SYSTEM FOR 10 \ 0.4 KV TRANSFORMERS USING SCADA." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 1(108) (August 27, 2020): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2020-1-17.

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The article proposes a system of control of load of the power transformer on the basis of monitoring of the basic operating parameters of the distributive power transformer. Overloads, voltage fluctuations and heating create conditions for potential damage to transformers, which takes a long time to maintain and costly. The system is designed to provide basic information on DPT status. The system uses this data to optimize DPT performance and avoid possible emergencies. The monitoring system provides a simple enough toolkit to overcome abnormal operating modes - from minor deviations to the most catastrophic failures. Load monitoring is carried out by the use of sensory devices in the power supply system. Methods of finding and equipment of monitoring points are proposed. SCADA data - load levels, temperature levels and voltages - are fed through a series of digital communication channels to the master controller for immediate action. A practical scheme has been developed that tracks and collects basic parameters such as winding current, oil level and DPT temperature. A topology has been developed, taking into account the expected loads to provide uninterrupted power to consumers. To ensure constant power supply to consumers, power transformers with a multi-winding configuration are used. Therefore, during the surges of consumer loads, constant supply is ensured without damaging the transformers. The distribution system is also open for diagnostic control. The scheme of the microcontroller interacting with a circle of the communication device is offered. Load monitoring is also a particular concern, as consuming excess power is an economic burden. Load imbalances, misuse of electricity, overloads or short circuits, harmonic problems, voltage profiles, power factor and minor problems can all be detected by this system.

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Akhmetbayev, Dauren S., Abdigali R. Dzhandigulov, and Svetlana V. Bystrova. "Topological system method of formation of transformer transformation coefficients." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601087.

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A systematic approach to determining the control range of the on-load tap-changer of transformers from the standpoint of the synthesis of the voltage mode is proposed. Transformations of the equation of nodal voltages, formalized on the basis of the topology of a complex electrical network, with respect to the transformation ratios of transformers are given.

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Morawiec, M., and A. Lewicki. "Power electronic transformer based on cascaded H-bridge converter." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2017-0072.

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Abstract In this paper the control strategy of power electronic transformer (PET) is proposed. The analyzed structure of PET uses two seven-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) rectifiers. The electrical power of PET is transferred between DC-links of CHB converters using dual-active-bridges (DABs) and low voltage high frequency transformers. The roposed solution allows for controlling the active and reactive power with a low level of harmonic distortions. The DC-link voltages and the load of the utilized H-bridges are controlled using appropriate modulation strategy. The theoretical issues are confirmed by simulation and experimental results.

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Mitra, Lopamudra, and Ullash Kumar Rout. "Single Switched Non-isolated High Gain Converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp20-30.

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<p>This paper presents a new single switched inductor- capacitor coupled transformer-less high gain DC-DC converter which can be used in renewable energy sources like PV, fuel cell in which the low DC output voltage is to be converted into high dc output voltage. With the varying low input voltages, the output of DC-DC converter remains same and does not change. A state space model of the converter is also presented in the paper. This constant output voltage is obtained by close loop control of converter using PID controller. High voltage gain of 10 is obtained without use of transformer. All the simulations are done in MATLAB-SIMULINK environment.</p>

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Busada, Claudio, Hector Chiacchiarini, Sebastian Gomez Jorge, Favio Mengatto, Alejandro Oliva, Jorge Solsona, German Bloch, and Angelica Delgadillo. "Control of a three-stage medium voltage solid-state transformer." Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 2, no. 6 (December 2017): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj020615.

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S. Chang, J. S. Huang, C. "Centralized Control of Transformer Tap Changing for Voltage Stability Enhancement." Electric Machines & Power Systems 27, no. 10 (September 1999): 1041–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/073135699268704.

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Manson, Scott, and Ashish Upreti. "Current Transformer Selection Techniques for Low-Voltage Motor Control Centers." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 53, no. 2 (March 2017): 1677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2016.2634519.

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Vandoorn, Tine L., Jeroen D. M. De Kooning, Bart Meersman, Josep M. Guerrero, and Lieven Vandevelde. "Voltage-Based Control of a Smart Transformer in a Microgrid." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 60, no. 4 (April 2013): 1291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2011.2165463.

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Klimash, V. S., and B. D. Tabarov. "Method for control of the start-up regulating devicefor power transformers of the power supply system." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 21, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-3-135-145.

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Three-phase thyristor switches are designed for pulsed formation of inrush currents of electrical equipment with their subsequent shunting in steady state operation. In transformer substations, they perform a bumpless turning on of a power transformer by connecting its primary winding first to two phases of the network at the moment of zero crossing by the phase voltage of the network third phase, and then to the network third phase at the moment of zero crossing by the line voltage of the other two network phases. In this case, the starting currents of the transformer almost immediately enter the steady state without the appearance of constant components in the magnetization currents and voltage drop. To expand the functionality of thyristor switches, it is proposed, in addition to bumpless turning on of a power transformer, to disconnect it without arcing between the contacts of electrical equipment, as well as to carry out continuous voltage regulation for consumers when voltage in the network changes. The proposed method and structure for its implementation on the basis of two three-phase thyristor reactor keys and a capacitor bank make it possible while changing the network voltage to stabilize the generated reactive power at the input of the substation without creating the current distortions in the power transformer and power transmission simultaneously with stabilizing the substation output voltage. Modeling and research of the start-regulating device as part of a transformer substation was carried out in the MatLab environment. The results of numerical experiments in stationary and dynamic modes of the substation operation showed the feasibility of using the developed technical solutions for the industrial power supply system.

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Wang, Fa Ming, Hao Sun, Yuan Chao Hu, Qi Jia Xie, and Wen Dai. "Study on the Key Technology of Intelligent Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1005–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1005.

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The development of smart grid puts higher requirement on the intelligentization of high-voltage equipment including transformers. At present, the intelligentization of transformers is mainly realized through intelligent components. The combination of intelligent components and transformer can realize the measurement, control, calculation, inspection and protection of the transformer. This paper detailedly described the hardware design framework and software function modules of transformer intelligent components, as well as the expert diagnosis system applied to transformer intelligent components. The intelligent components designed by this paper have been successfully applied to 220kV intelligent substation, which is operating stably and reliably. This can promote the development of intelligentized primary power equipment and smart grid as well.

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Zhou, Haibin, Xiaojiang Yan, and Guanwei Liu. "A review on voltage control using on-load voltage transformer for the power grid." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 252 (July 9, 2019): 032144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/252/3/032144.

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Zhang, Ming, Kaicheng Li, Shunfan He, and Jun Wang. "DESIGN AND TEST OF A NEW HIGH-CURRENT ELECTRONIC CURRENT TRANSFORMER WITH A ROGOWSKI COIL." Metrology and Measurement Systems 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mms-2014-0012.

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Abstract This paper describes the design and test of a new high-current electronic current transformer based on a Rogowski coil. For better performances, electronic current transformers are used to replace conventional electro-magnetic inductive current transformers based on ferromagnetic cores and windings to measure high-current on the high voltage distribution grids. The design of a new high-current electronic current transformer is described in this paper. The principal schemes of the prototype and partial evaluation results are presented. Through relative tests it is known that the prototype has a wide dynamic range and frequency band, and it can allow high accuracy measurements.

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Matsushita, Yoshinori, Toshihiko Noguchi, Kazuki Shimizu, Noritaka Taguchi, and Makoto Ishii. "Control of Dual-Output DC/DC Converters Using Duty Cycle and Frequency." World Electric Vehicle Journal 11, no. 4 (November 13, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj11040072.

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As part of the integration process of the auxiliary power systems of electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles, this study proposes a method to control two different voltage types using two control factors of the rectangular alternating waveforms contained in DC/DC converters, namely the duty cycle and frequency. A prototype circuit consisting of an H-bridge inverter, a transformer, two series resonant filters and two diode bridge circuits was constructed. The H-bridge inverter was connected to the primary side of the transformer and the diode bridge rectifier circuit was connected to the secondary side in parallel. Series resonant filters were inserted between one of the diode bridge circuits and the transformer. Thereafter, the proposed control method was applied to the transformer voltage of the prototype circuit. Although the circuit operation became complex owing to the circulating current flowing between the ground (GND) of the two output circuits, it exhibited ideal static and dynamic characteristics, thereby confirming the possibility of controlling two voltages with the duty cycle and frequency control factors. The results of the efficiency evaluation and loss analysis demonstrated a minimum efficiency of 68.3% and a maximum efficiency of 88.9%. As the output power of the circuit containing the resonant filters increased, the current peak value increased and the circuit became less efficient.

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Kumar, Bibhuti Bhusan. "Two Legs Voltage Source Converter with DSTATCOM, T-Connected Transformer for Power Quality Improvement." Journal of Advanced Research in Power Electronics and Power Systems 07, no. 03 (December 30, 2020): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2456.1401.202007.

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The numerous loads can impact the working environment and performance of the source apparatus. Hence, the reimbursement of this current will help in enhancing the presentation of the power system apparatus. This paper presents the strategy and employment of a Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) with the T-Connected transformer for compensation of load neutral current in the presence of three-phase unbalanced linear load. There are different types of control strategy in that one of the best methods is the unit vector template method-based control algorithm has been implemented for the control of the proposed DSTATCOM. The proposed model has been simulated in a SIMULINK/ MATLAB environment. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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Sarimuthu, Charles R., Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy, H. Mokhlis, and K. R. Agileswari. "Comparison of Mamdani-Type and Sugeno-Type Fuzzy Inference Systems for Transformer Tap Changing System." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 5, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v5.i4.pp163-167.

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<p>Voltage control is considered one of the basic operational requirements of electrical power systems. The most popular voltage control equipment includes On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) transformer controlled by Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) relay. Recent studies have shown that fuzzy inference systems (FIS) are applicable for transformer tap changing system. In this paper, FIS are developed for transformer tap changing system using Mamdani-type and Sugeno-type fuzzy models. The results of the two fuzzy inference systems (FIS) are compared. The basic difference between the Mamdani-type FIS and Sugeno-type FIS is included in this paper. It also shows which one is a more suitable choice of the two FIS for transformer tap changing system.</p>

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Kucera, Matej, Miroslav Gutten, Milan Simko, Milan Sebok, Daniel Korenciak, Roman Jarina, and Martin Pitonak. "Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radiation Analysis in Control Room." Measurement Science Review 19, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2019-0018.

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Abstract The article presents a theoretical analysis of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and experimental measurement of effects of radiation and acoustic emission of high-voltage transformers for electronic equipment and working personnel in a control room. Electromagnetic compatibility and safety of equipment are not considered as two distinct areas of study in electric and electronic safety. Economic criteria cannot compromise safety but at the same time immunity levels must be relevant in order to establish a “Functional Safety”. Introducing Special Immunity Levels in the level of equipment testing allows us to combine the two areas of EMC and safety. The measurement was carried out in high-current of very high-voltage distribution station. A real-life analysis of effects of electric and electromagnetic field was carried out. FFT was used for mathematical processing of data which were later presented in a graphical form of a spectrally analyzed area. In the last part of the paper we discuss the suitability of acoustic camera to perform contactless monitoring of the health and operation conditions of the power transformer by analyzing acoustic field generated by the transformer core and windings in near control room.

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Ricci, Stefano, and Dario Russo. "Linear Ultrasound Transmitter Based on Transformer with Improved Saturation Performance." Electronics 10, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020107.

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Ultrasound methods are currently employed in a wide range of applications. They are integrated in complex electronics systems, like clinical echographs, but also in small and compact boards, like industrial sensors, embedded systems, and portable devices. Ultrasound waves are typically generated by energizing a piezoelectric transducer through a high-voltage sequence of small sinusoidal bursts. Moreover, in several applications, the ultrasound board should work in a wide frequency range. This makes the transmitter, i.e., the electronics that drives the transducer, a key part of the circuit. The use of a small transformer simplifies the electronics and reduces the need of high-voltage power sources. Unfortunately, the transformer magnetic core, when subjected to the sequence of bursts employed in ultrasound, is particularly prone to saturation. This phenomenon limits the maximum voltage and/or the minimum frequency the transformer can be employed for. In this work, a transmitter based on a transformer is proposed. Inspired by the technique currently employed in the power network transformers, we added a prefluxing circuit, which improves the saturation performance 2-fold. The proposed transmitter was implemented in a test board and experimented with two commercial transformers at 80 Vpp. Measurements show that the proposed prefluxing circuit moves down the minimum usable frequency 2-fold: from 400 to 200 kHz for one of the two transformers, and from 2.4 to 1.2 MHz for the other.

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Hnatov, Andrii, Shchasiana Arhun, Ruslan Bagach, Andrii Nechaus, Valentina Tarasova, Oleksandr Ruchka, Alla Don, and Antons Patlins. "ELECTRICAL POWER UNIT OF THE TRANSFORMER OIL CENTRIFUGAL CLEANING UNIT." Automobile transport, no. 48 (May 29, 2021): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/at.2219-8342.2021.48.0.101.

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Problem. Cleaning transformer oil is one of the important engineering tasks, whose solution is associated with significant material and energy expenditure. Due to the increase in electricity consumption at modern automobile companies (firms, organizations, service stations, etc.), the load on transformer substations increases and the requirements for reliability of electrical and electronic devices become more complicated. This, in turn, leads to the problem of cleaning and recycling of transformer oil. Goal. The goal is the research and development of an efficient unit for centrifugal cleaning of transformer oil with a drive control system that provides automation of the start and braking mode of the drive. Methodology. Analytical methods of research, methods of the theory of electric machines and electric drives are used, as well as the methods of calculating electric circuits. Also, methods of analysis of circuits and control of power electronics devices, principles of operation and methods of control of static converters are used. Results. The structural scheme of the unit for cleaning transformer oil is developed. The calculations of the main elements of the power block of the transformer oil cleaning unit are performed. The block diagram of the voltage converter with frequency f = 50 Hz to alternating voltage with frequency f = 400 Hz is developed. Control circuits of the electric drive of the centrifugal separator are chosen. The analysis of operation of electric drive control circuits is carried out and the principles of their work concerning two components are considered: the regulated rectifier and the inverter. Originality. The scheme of the converter of alternating three-phase current with voltage of 220 V and frequency of 50 Hz, into alternating three-phase current with voltage of 220 V and frequency of 400 Hz is developed. This frequency, in addition to providing the necessary characteristics of the oil separator, allows you to develop a converter device of a relatively small weight and volume, and also provides its high reliability. Practical value. Utilizing the used transformer oil in this way will solve several problems at once. It is possible to reduce the initial production of transformer oil. The issue of waste oil disposal is being resolved leading to the solution of the environmental aspect of this problem. All this will reduce the cost of oil poured into transformers and the operating cost of transformer substations.

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Yaseen, Md, and Dr P. Usha. "Transformerless high gain boost converter for low power applications with feedback control." TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/tijee.v16i2.1609.

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A transformer-less boost converter which provides high voltage gain without utilizing transformer or coupled inductors and extreme duty cycle is proposed in this paper. Also it is able to cancel the ripples in the input current at a preselected duty cycle, without increasing the number of components. The converter combines the features of boost converter and a three switch high voltage converter. At the input side, two inductors are interleaved for cancelling the input current ripple and at the output side switched capacitor voltage multiplier is used to increase the voltage gain. Feedback control is used to make the output voltage constant in spite of variation in the input or load or both i.e. both line and load regulation is accompanied. This proposed converter configuration helps eliminate the input current ripple and provides voltage deregulation for low power applications.

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Jaiswal, Rahul, Anshul Agarwal, Vineeta Agarwal, and Badre Bossoufi. "Control Strategy of a Solid State Transformer for the Grid-side Converter." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096511666181029123631.

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Background: This paper presents a decoupled control technique for balancing the power and voltage through grid side converter using a solid state transformer. Methods: Decoupling control is essentially a voltage oriented control technique with the objective of eliminating cross-coupling elements. Use of this decouple technique, allows bi-directional power flow control for both active and reactive power, thereby maintaining steady state DC interference voltage. Results: The performance of this scheme is analyzed & the results are obtained from the Matlab/Simulink model. Conclusion: From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the decoupled control strategy can easily eliminate the cross- coupled element of a solid state transformer for the grid side converter.

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Abdul Hamid, Mardhiah Hayati, Mohd Taufiq Ishak, Nur Sabrina Suhaimi, Jaafar Adnan, Nazrul Fariq Makmor, Nurul Izzatul Akma Katim, and Rahisham Abd Rahman. "Lightning Impulse Breakdown Voltage of Rice Bran Oil for Transformer Application." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 5084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165084.

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Transformer oil does not only serve as an insulating liquid, but also in removing heat from the windings and cores. Mineral oil (MO) has been widely used in transformers for more than 150 years. Recently, researchers have attempted to search for alternative insulating oils due to the possibility that MO will run out in the future together with the concern on fire safety and environmental pollution. Among the potential oils is rice bran oil (RBO). This work presents the studies of the lightning impulse (LI) of RBO behavior under various electric fields, gap distances and testing methods. The electrical performances of LI tests show that RBO and Palm Oil (PO) have lower LI breakdown voltage than MO under both uniform and non-uniform electric fields. However, the difference in LI breakdown voltages between RBO, PO and MO are slightly small which is less than 20%. In addition, there is no significant effect in the various testing methods under both uniform field and non-uniform field where the percentages of difference are less than 12% and 8% respectively. The data of LI breakdown voltage were statistically analysed to predict the withstand voltage and 50% breakdown voltage of oil samples by using Weibull distribution. The Weibull distribution of MO, PO and RBO has well fit with the fitting line. Finally, the relationship between LI voltages under a non-uniform field with various parameters of PO and RBO was obtained and proposed. From this work, it can be concluded that RBO shows promising results to be considered as an alternative to MO in transformer applications.

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Yang, Xing Wu, Xin Hua Xiong, Wu Ouyang, and Shuai Yuan. "A New Power Electronic Transformer Applied to Distribution System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2879.

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This paper proposes a new power electronic transformer (PET) to be used for distribution system, which is composed of the three-stage power circuits. The input stage uses Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) to reduce the voltage stress rating of components, meanwhile, the harmonic components in the current will be deduced significantly, to make DC capacitor voltage of MMC rectifier balance, a control method is proposed. The isolation stage use a middle-frequency transformer to realize voltage conversion and isolation of the low-voltage side from the high-voltage side. In the third-stage, a inverter outputs the desired voltage and power to the load. The simulation results are presented to show the validity of the proposed PET system.

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Leelachariyakul, Banyat, and Peerawut Yutthagowith. "Resonant Power Frequency Converter and Application in High-Voltage and Partial Discharge Test of a Voltage Transformer." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 5, 2021): 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14072014.

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This paper presents application of a resonant power frequency converter for high-voltage (HV) and partial discharge (PD) test of a voltage transformer. The rating voltage, power, and frequency of the system are 70 kVrms, 40 kVA, and 200 Hz, respectively. The testing system utilized the converter feeding to an HV testing transformer connected to a conventional partial discharge detection system. The converter system comprising a rectifier and insulated-gate bipolar (IGBT) switches with the H-bridge configuration was applied as a low-voltage source instead of a conventional motor-generator test set which requires large space and high cost. The requirements of the test according to the standards are quality of the test voltage and the background noise level. The required voltage must have the different voltage (DV) and total harmonic distortion (THDv) in the acceptable values of less than 5%. The DV is defined as the difference of the root mean square and peak voltages in percent. The required background noise level must be lower than 2.5 pC. Simulations and experiments were performed for verification of the developed system performance in comparison with those of the previously developed system based on the pulse width modulation converter. It is found that the developed system can provide the testing voltage with the DV and the THDv of lower than 1% and the background noise level of lower than 1 pC. Considering this achievement of promising performance, the developed system is an attractive choice for the HV and PD testing of voltage transformers in real practice.

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Chinmay V., Deshpande, Deshpande Chaitanya V., and Deokar Sanjay A. "Performance Evaluation of Dynamic Voltage Restorer Based on Transformer-based Z Source Inverter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i3.pp1101-1108.

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In this paper, latest technology is introduced in substitution to conventional voltage and current type inverter with Transformer based impedance (Z) source inverter in voltage sag assessment and mitigation and compared with voltage source inverter based dynamic voltage restorer. Transformer based impedance source inverters (Trans-Z source inverters) are newly proposed inverters that can be used to overcome downside of voltage source inverter, current source inverter and impedance source (Z-source) inverter. T-Z source inverter consists of transformer with high frequency and low leakage inductance along with low reactive component compared with conventional Z source inverter. In case of T-Z source inverter, voltage stress throughout Z-source capacitor is reduced along with inrush current limitation at startup. This paper presents modeling of T-Z source inverter based dynamic voltage restorer using MATLAB/SIMULINK software along with its THD analysis which is compared with VSI based dynamic voltage restorer. Here abc to dq0 control algorithm is employed. The control technique which is employed for simulation shows excellent results for voltage sag and swell compensation.

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Fard, Ali Asghar Fathollahi. "Help of Microcontroller on Voltage Control to Reduce Transformer Inrush Current." Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials 15, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/teem.2014.15.1.12.

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Hatano, Nobuhiko. "A Control Method of 3-Phase Transformer-Less Dynamic Voltage Restorer." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 128, no. 9 (2008): 1065–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.128.1065.

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Haque, M. H. "Power flow control and voltage stability limit: regulating transformer versus UPFC." IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution 151, no. 3 (2004): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-gtd:20040379.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Transformer voltage control'

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