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Journal articles on the topic 'Transfrauen'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wortmann, Martin. "Barthaarentfernung von Transfrauen: Privatabrechnung möglich." ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie 15, no. 1 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12634-022-2272-3.

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2

Pfeiffer, Jan. "LG Frankfurt a. M.: Persönlichkeitsrechte von Transfrauen im Internet." Computer und Recht 39, no. 8 (2023): r90. http://dx.doi.org/10.9785/cr-2023-390806.

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3

Proufas, Nina, Karlsson Olberg, and Jonas Simon Schöck. "Transpersonen im Sport – im Zweifel für die Inklusion?" TUP - Theorie und Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3262/tup2204333.

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Die Autor*innen haben sich im Rahmen eines Hochschul-Moduls zu den kulturwissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der Sozialen Arbeit mit dem Thema "Transfrauen im Sport" befasst. Ihre Überlegungen und Schlussfolgerungen präsentieren sie in Heft 4-2022 und Heft 1-2023 der TUP. Exklusion von Transpersonen im Sport wird sichtbar durch mannigfaltige Ausprägungen. Diese können in der Gesellschaft, dem Sport und dem Individuum selbst zum Ausdruck kommen. Barrieren wie vor allem die generelle binäre Geschlechterunterteilung erschweren den Zugang zu verschiedenen Sport- und Bewegungsbereichen. Daraus resultiere

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4

G. Mildenberger, Florian. "Wolfert, Raimund, Charlotte Charlaque. Transfrau, Laienschauspielerin, „Königin der Brooklyn Heights Promenade“." Sexuologie. Zeitschrift für Sexualmedizin, Sexualtherapie und Sexualwissenschaft 29, no. 3-4 (2022): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.61387/s.2022.34.53.

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G. Mildenberger, Florian. "Wolfert, Raimund, Charlotte Charlaque. Transfrau, Laienschauspielerin, „Königin der Brooklyn Heights Promenade“." Sexuologie. Zeitschrift für Sexualmedizin, Sexualtherapie und Sexualwissenschaft 29, no. 3-4 (2022): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.61387/hwbr1851.

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6

Bleiber, Gabriela, Solange Peters, Raquel Martinez, Dusan Cmarko, Pascal Meylan, and Amalio Telenti. "The central region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p6 protein (Gag residues S14–I31) is dispensable for the virus in vitro." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 4 (2004): 921–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.19576-0.

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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p6 region encodes p6Gag and the transframe p6Pol protein. The Gag frame encodes an N-terminal late assembly L domain and a C-terminal Vpr binding domain. In the Pol frame, substitution at a C-terminal motif decreases protease autocleavage. The role of the highly polymorphic central region of p6, comprising amino acids S14–I31 (p6Gag) and R20–D39 (p6Pol), is unclear. Analysis of this central region demonstrated that 35 % of p6Gag appears to be dispensable for virus propagation in vitro and smaller deletion and insertion polymorphisms can be tolerated in v

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7

Yu, Fu-Hsien, Kuo-Jung Huang, and Chin-Tien Wang. "Amino acid substitutions at the HIV-1 transframe region significantly impair virus infectivity." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0262477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262477.

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A transframe region within HIV-1 Gag-Pol (referred to as p6* or p6pol), directly linked to the protease (PR) N-terminus, plays a pivotal role in modulating PR activation. To identify specific p6* residues involved in PR activation, we created a series of p6* mutants by making substitutions for conserved p6* residues. Our results indicate that some p6* mutants were defective in terms of virus infectivity, despite displaying a wild-type virus particle processing pattern. Mutations at p6* F8 reduced virus infectivity associated with insufficient virus processing, due in part to impaired PR matura

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Huang, Liangqun, Jane M. Sayer, Marie Swinford, John M. Louis, and Chaoping Chen. "Modulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Autoprocessing by Charge Properties of Surface Residue 69." Journal of Virology 83, no. 15 (2009): 7789–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00473-09.

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ABSTRACT Mature, fully active human immunodeficiency virus protease (PR) is liberated from the Gag-Pol precursor via regulated autoprocessing. A chimeric protease precursor, glutathione S-transferase-transframe region (TFR)-PR-FLAG, also undergoes N-terminal autocatalytic maturation when it is expressed in Escherichia coli. Mutation of the surface residue H69 to glutamic acid, but not to several neutral or basic amino acids, impedes protease autoprocessing in bacteria and mammalian cells. Only a fraction of mature PR with an H69E mutation (PRH69E) folds into active enzymes, and it does so with

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9

Yu, Fu-Hsien, Ting-An Chou, Wei-Hao Liao, Kuo-Jung Huang, and Chin-Tien Wang. "Gag-Pol Transframe Domain p6* Is Essential for HIV-1 Protease-Mediated Virus Maturation." PLOS ONE 10, no. 6 (2015): e0127974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127974.

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10

Chiu, Hsu-Chen, Fu-Der Wang, Yi-Ming Arthur Chen, and Chin-Tien Wang. "Effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transframe protein p6* mutations on viral protease-mediated Gag processing." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 7 (2006): 2041–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81601-0.

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The proteolytic processing of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) particles mediated by the viral pol-encoded protease (PR) is essential for viral infectivity. The pol coding sequence partially overlaps with the gag coding sequence and is translated as a Gag–Pol polyprotein precursor. Within Gag–Pol, the C-terminal p6 gag domain is replaced by a transframe peptide referred to as p6*, which separates the Gag nucleocapsid domain from PR. Several previous in vitro studies have ascribed a PR-suppression regulatory function to p6*. Here, it was demonstrated that an HIV-1 Gag–Pol lacking p6* is effic

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11

Paulus, Christina, Susanne Hellebrand, Uwe Tessmer, Hans Wolf, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, and Ralf Wagner. "Competitive Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease by the Gag-Pol Transframe Protein." Journal of Biological Chemistry 274, no. 31 (1999): 21539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.31.21539.

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12

Louis, John M., Fred Dyda, Nashaat T. Nashed, Alan R. Kimmel, and David R. Davies. "Hydrophilic Peptides Derived from the Transframe Region of Gag-Pol Inhibit the HIV-1 Protease†." Biochemistry 37, no. 8 (1998): 2105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi972059x.

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13

J. Dinsmore, Christopher. "Preface by Christopher J. Dinsmore (Hot Topic: Farnesyl-Protein Transfrase Inhibitors Guest Editor: Christopher J. Dinsmore." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 3, no. 10 (2003): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026033452041.

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J. Dinsmore, C. "Preface by Christopher J. Dinsmore (Hot Topic: Farnesyl-Protein Transfrase Inhibitors Guest Editor: Christopher J. Dinsmore." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 3, no. 10 (2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026033452069.

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15

Dautin, Nathalie, Gouzel Karimova, and Daniel Ladant. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Transframe Protein Can Restore Activity to a Dimerization-Deficient HIV Protease Variant." Journal of Virology 77, no. 15 (2003): 8216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.15.8216-8226.2003.

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ABSTRACT The protease (PR) from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is essential for viral replication: this aspartyl protease, active only as a dimer, is responsible for cleavage of the viral polyprotein precursors (Gag and Gag-Pol), to release the functional mature proteins. In this work, we have studied the structure-function relationships of the HIV PR by combining a genetic test to detect proteolytic activity in Escherichia coli and a bacterial two-hybrid assay to analyze PR dimerization. We showed that a drug-resistant PR variant isolated from a patient receiving highly active antiretrovi

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Al- Taee, Nihal E., Sajida A. Abood, and Mozahim K. Al-Mallah. "Specific activity of thymidine nucleotide biosynthetic enzymes in hairy roots extracts of Sesamum indicum L. transformed by two strains of Agrobacteruim rhizogenes." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 8, no. 2 (2014): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2014.8.2.334.

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The study concluded induction of transformed hairy roots from leaves and decapitated seedlings of Sesamum indicum L. using two strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes considered as natural vector of transformation. The strain R1601 stimulated roots on leaves and seedlings during 20 days of inoculation placed on solidified Arnon and Hoagland medium. Whereas they involved 12 days when inoculated with the strain R15834. Generally strain R15834 was efficient in inducing these roots and their numbers than strain R1601 which approached 54.4% and 41.6% respectively. The results indicated an increase in t

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17

Saulquin, Xavier, Emmanuel Scotet, Lydie Trautmann, et al. "+1 Frameshifting as a Novel Mechanism to Generate a Cryptic Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitope Derived from Human Interleukin 10." Journal of Experimental Medicine 195, no. 3 (2002): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20011399.

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Recent data indicate that some cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) recognize so-called cryptic epitopes, encoded by nonprimary open reading frame (ORF) sequences or other nonclassical expression pathways. We describe here a novel mechanism leading to generation of a cryptic CTL epitope. We isolated from the synovial fluid of a patient suffering from a Reiter's syndrome an autoreactive T cell clone that recognized cellular IL-10 in the HLA-B*2705 context. The minimal IL-10 sequence corresponding to nucleotides 379–408 was shown to activate this clone, upon cotransfection into COS cells with the DNA encodi

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18

Sei, Shizuko, Quan-en Yang, Dennis O'Neill, Kazuhisa Yoshimura, Kunio Nagashima, and Hiroaki Mitsuya. "Identification of a Key Target Sequence To Block Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication within thegag-pol Transframe Domain." Journal of Virology 74, no. 10 (2000): 4621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/.74.10.4621-4633.2000.

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Sei, Shizuko, Quan-en Yang, Dennis O'Neill, Kazuhisa Yoshimura, Kunio Nagashima, and Hiroaki Mitsuya. "Identification of a Key Target Sequence To Block Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication within thegag-pol Transframe Domain." Journal of Virology 74, no. 10 (2000): 4621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.10.4621-4633.2000.

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ABSTRACT Although the full sequence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome has been known for more than a decade, effective genetic antivirals have yet to be developed. Here we show that, of 22 regions examined, one highly conserved sequence (ACTCTTTGGCAACGA) near the 3′ end of the HIV-1 gag-poltransframe region, encoding viral protease residues 4 to 8 and a C-terminal Vpr-binding motif of p6Gag protein in two different reading frames, can be successfully targeted by an antisense peptide nucleic acid oligomer named PNAPR2. A disrupted translation of gag-pol mRNA induced at t

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20

SEKINO, N. "IS1-encoded proteins, InsA and the InsA-B?-InsB transframe protein (transposase): Functions deduced from their DNA-binding ability." Advances in Biophysics 31 (1995): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0065-227x(95)99393-4.

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21

Cao, Jianhong, John McNevin, Matthew McSweyn, Yi Liu, James I. Mullins, and M. Juliana McElrath. "Novel Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Escape Mutation by a Three-Amino-Acid Insertion in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 p6Pol and p6Gag Late Domain Associated with Drug Resistance." Journal of Virology 82, no. 1 (2007): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01096-07.

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ABSTRACT Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) play a major role in controlling human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. To evade immune pressure, HIV-1 is selected at targeted CTL epitopes, which may consequentially alter viral replication fitness. In our longitudinal investigations of the interplay between T-cell immunity and viral evolution following acute HIV-1 infection, we observed in a treatment-naïve patient the emergence of highly avid, gamma interferon-secreting, CD8+ CTL recognizing an HLA-Cw*0102-restricted epitope, NSPTRREL (NL8). This epitope lies in the p6Pol protein, loc

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22

Köppe, B., L. Menéndez-Arias, and S. Oroszlan. "Expression and purification of the mouse mammary tumor virus gag-pro transframe protein p30 and characterization of its dUTPase activity." Journal of Virology 68, no. 4 (1994): 2313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.68.4.2313-2319.1994.

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23

Leiherer, Andreas, Christine Ludwig, and Ralf Wagner. "Influence of extended mutations of the HIV-1 transframe protein p6⁎ on Nef-dependent viral replication and infectivity in vitro." Virology 387, no. 1 (2009): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.01.042.

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24

Leiherer, Andreas, Christine Ludwig, and Ralf Wagner. "Uncoupling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gag and pol Reading Frames: Role of the Transframe Protein p6* in Viral Replication." Journal of Virology 83, no. 14 (2009): 7210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02603-08.

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ABSTRACT Apart from its regulatory role in protease (PR) activation, little is known about the function of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transframe protein p6* in the virus life cycle. p6* is located between the nucleocapsid and PR domains in the Gag-Pol polyprotein precursor and is cleaved by PR during viral maturation. We have recently reported that the central region of p6* can be extensively mutated without abolishing viral infectivity and replication in vitro. However, mutagenesis of the entire p6*-coding sequence in the proviral context is not feasible without affecting the sup

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25

Beissinger, Martina, Christina Paulus, Peter Bayer, Hans Wolf, Paul Rosch, and Ralf Wagner. "Sequence-Specific Resonance Assignments of the 1H-NMR Spectra and Structural Characterization in Solution of the HIV-1 Transframe Protein p6*." European Journal of Biochemistry 237, no. 2 (1996): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0383k.x.

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26

Trentin, Bernadette, Nicole Rebeyrotte, and Robert Z. Mamoun. "Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) Originates from the pro andpol Open Reading Frames and Requires the Presence of RT-RNase H (RH) and RT-RH-Integrase Proteins for Its Activity." Journal of Virology 72, no. 8 (1998): 6504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.8.6504-6510.1998.

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ABSTRACT The first description of an active form of a recombinant human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) and subsequent predictions of its amino acid sequence and quaternary structure are reported here. By using amino acid alignment methods, the NH2 and COOH termini of the RT, RNase H (RH), and integrase (IN) domains of the Pol polyprotein were determined. The HTLV-1 RT seems to be unique since its NH2 terminus is probably encoded by the pro open reading frame (ORF) fused downstream, via a transframe peptide, to the polypeptide encoded by the pol ORF. The HTLV-1

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27

Pettit, Steven C., Sergei Gulnik, Lori Everitt, and Andrew H. Kaplan. "The Dimer Interfaces of Protease and Extra-Protease Domains Influence the Activation of Protease and the Specificity of GagPol Cleavage." Journal of Virology 77, no. 1 (2003): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.1.366-374.2003.

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ABSTRACT Activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease is an essential step in viral replication. As is the case for all retroviral proteases, enzyme activation requires the formation of protease homodimers. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which retroviral proteases become active within their precursors. Using an in vitro expression system, we have examined the determinants of activation efficiency and the order of cleavage site processing for the protease of HIV-1 within the full-length GagPol precursor. Following activation, initial cleavage occurs b

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Paulus, Christina, Christine Ludwig, and Ralf Wagner. "Contribution of the Gag-Pol transframe domain p6* and its coding sequence to morphogenesis and replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1." Virology 330, no. 1 (2004): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2004.09.013.

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29

Ludwig, Christine, Andreas Leiherer, and Ralf Wagner. "Importance of Protease Cleavage Sites within and Flanking Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transframe Protein p6* for Spatiotemporal Regulation of Protease Activation." Journal of Virology 82, no. 9 (2008): 4573–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02353-07.

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ABSTRACT The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease (PR) has recently been shown to be inhibited by its propeptide p6* in vitro. As p6* itself is a PR substrate, the primary goal of this study was to determine the importance of p6* cleavage for HIV-1 maturation and infectivity. For that purpose, short peptide variants mimicking proposed cleavage sites within and flanking p6* were designed and analyzed for qualitative and quantitative hydrolysis in vitro. Proviral clones comprising the selected cleavage site mutations were established and analyzed for Gag and Pol processing, virus

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30

Bartosik, Dariusz, Michal Szymanik, and Jadwiga Baj. "Identification and Distribution of Insertion Sequences of Paracoccus solventivorans." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 12 (2003): 7002–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7002-7008.2003.

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ABSTRACT Three novel insertion sequences (ISs) (ISPso1, ISPso2, and ISPso3) of the soil bacterium Paracoccus solventivorans DSM 11592 were identified by transposition into entrapment vector pMEC1. ISPso1 (1,400 bp) carries one large open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative basic protein (with a DDE motif conserved among transposases [Tnps] of elements belonging to the IS256 family) with the highest levels of similarity with the hypothetical Tnps of Rhodospirillum rubrum and Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida. ISPso2 (832 bp) appeared to be closely related to ISPpa2 of Paracoccus pantotrophus DSM

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Costa, Luciana J., Yong-Hui Zheng, Jerica Sabotic, Johnson Mak, Oliver T. Fackler, and B. Matija Peterlin. "Nef Binds p6* in GagPol during Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Journal of Virology 78, no. 10 (2004): 5311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.10.5311-5323.2004.

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ABSTRACT The atypical Nef protein (NefF12) from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain F12 (HIV-1F12) interferes with virion production and infectivity via a mysterious mechanism. The correlation of these effects with the unusual perinuclear subcellular localization of NefF12 suggested that the wild-type Nef protein could bind to assembly intermediates in late stages of viral replication. To test this hypothesis, Nef from HIV-1NL4-3 was fused to an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (NefKKXX). This mutant NefKKXX protein recapitulated fully the effects of NefF12 on Gag processing

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Heidecker, Gisela, Shawn Hill, Patricia A. Lloyd, and David Derse. "A Novel Protease Processing Site in the Transframe Protein of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 PR76gag-pro Defines the N Terminus of RT." Journal of Virology 76, no. 24 (2002): 13101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.24.13101-13105.2002.

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ABSTRACT The genomic RNA of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 encodes three polyproteins, Gag, Gag-Pro, and Gag-Pro-Pol, which are translated as a result of no, one, and two frameshifts, respectively. In this report we demonstrate that the 77 residues encoded at the C terminus of the Gag-Pro precursor can be collectively detected as an 8-kDa transframe protein (TFP) in virions. Mutant viruses with a C-terminally truncated TFP (19, 32, or 50 residues) had essentially a wild-type phenotype in vitro. However, a virus mutant that encoded only the Gag and Gag-Pro-Pol polyproteins due to a mutation

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33

Kobbi, L., J. Dias, G. Octobre, et al. "Association of mitochondrial lysyl-tRNA synthetase with HIV-1 GagPol involves catalytic domain of the synthetase and transframe and integrase domains of Pol." Biopolymers and Cell 27, no. 5 (2011): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/bc.000128.

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Kobbi, Lydia, Guillaume Octobre, José Dias, Martine Comisso, and Marc Mirande. "Association of Mitochondrial Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase with HIV-1 GagPol Involves Catalytic Domain of the Synthetase and Transframe and Integrase Domains of Pol." Journal of Molecular Biology 410, no. 5 (2011): 875–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2011.03.005.

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35

Peters, Solange, Miguel Muñoz, Sabine Yerly, et al. "Resistance to Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Mediated by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 p6 Protein." Journal of Virology 75, no. 20 (2001): 9644–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.20.9644-9653.2001.

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ABSTRACT Resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to antiretroviral agents results from target gene mutation within thepol gene, which encodes the viral protease, reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase. We speculated that mutations in genes other that the drug target could lead to drug resistance. For this purpose, the p1-p6 gag -p6 pol region of HIV-1, placed immediately upstream ofpol, was analyzed. This region has the potential to alter Pol through frameshift regulation (p1), through improved packaging of viral enzymes (p6Gag), or by changes in activation of the viral pr

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Hill, Melissa K., Miranda Shehu-Xhilaga, Suzanne M. Crowe, and Johnson Mak. "Proline Residues within Spacer Peptide p1 Are Important for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity, Protein Processing, and Genomic RNA Dimer Stability." Journal of Virology 76, no. 22 (2002): 11245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.22.11245-11253.2002.

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ABSTRACT The full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNA encodes two precursor polyproteins, Gag and GagProPol. An infrequent ribosomal frameshifting event allows these proteins to be synthesized from the same mRNA in a predetermined ratio of 20 Gag proteins for each GagProPol. The RNA frameshift signal consists of a slippery sequence and a hairpin stem-loop whose thermodynamic stability has been shown in in vitro translation systems to be critical to frameshifting efficiency. In this study we examined the frameshift region of HIV-1, investigating the effects of altering stem-

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37

de Oliveira, Tulio, Susan Engelbrecht, Estrelita Janse van Rensburg, et al. "Variability at Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Protease Cleavage Sites: an Indication of Viral Fitness?" Journal of Virology 77, no. 17 (2003): 9422–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.17.9422-9430.2003.

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ABSTRACT Naturally occurring polymorphisms in the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C would be expected to lead to adaptive (compensatory) changes in protease cleavage sites. To test this hypothesis, we examined the prevalences and patterns of cleavage site polymorphisms in the Gag, Gag-Pol, and Nef cleavage sites of C compared to those in non-C subtypes. Codon-based maximum-likelihood methods were used to assess the natural selection and evolutionary history of individual cleavage sites. Seven cleavage sites (p17/p24, p24/p2, NC/p1, NC/TFP, PR/RT, RT/p66, and p66

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38

Nadimpalli, R. G., W. Zhang, J. Kececioglu, and E. W. Taylor. "The HIV-1 nef transframe protein has significant sequence and structural similarity to chemokines, as assessed by threading (inverse folding), sequence analysis, and molecular modeling." Antiviral Research 34, no. 2 (1997): A57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-3542(97)83193-2.

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Cheng, Ting-Jen, Ashraf Brik, Chi-Huey Wong, and Chen-Chen Kan. "Model System for High-Throughput Screening of Novel Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors in Escherichia coli." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 7 (2004): 2437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.7.2437-2447.2004.

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ABSTRACT Novel human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors are urgently needed for combating the drug-resistance problem in the fight against AIDS. To facilitate lead discovery of HIV protease inhibitors, we have developed a safe, convenient, and cost-effective Escherichia coli-based assay system. This E. coli-based system involves coexpression of an engineered β-galactosidase as an HIV protease substrate and the HIV protease precursor comprising the transframe region and the protease domain. Autoprocessing of the HIV protease precursor releases the mature HIV protease. Subsequently

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Ziaei, Mahboobeh, Jaleh Tahsili, Mozafar Sharifi, Mehrdad Behmanesh, and Khadijeh Razavi. "Gene expression of phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chavicol O-methyle transfrase (CVOMT) and eugenol O-methyle transferase (EOMT) in Ocimume basilicum at different stages of growth." Journal of Biotechnology 136 (October 2008): S55—S56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.118.

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41

Taylor, Adam, Julian V. Melton, Lara J. Herrero, et al. "Effects of an In-Frame Deletion of the6kGene Locus from the Genome of Ross River Virus." Journal of Virology 90, no. 8 (2016): 4150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03192-15.

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ABSTRACTThe alphaviral6kgene region encodes the two structural proteins 6K protein and, due to a ribosomal frameshift event, the transframe protein (TF). Here, we characterized the role of the6kproteins in the arthritogenic alphavirus Ross River virus (RRV) in infected cells and in mice, using a novel6kin-frame deletion mutant. Comprehensive microscopic analysis revealed that the6kproteins were predominantly localized at the endoplasmic reticulum of RRV-infected cells. RRV virions that lack the6kproteins 6K and TF [RRV-(Δ6K)] were more vulnerable to changes in pH, and the corresponding virus h

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"Stimmtherapie mit Transfrauen." Sprache · Stimme · Gehör 43, no. 03 (2019): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0887-9669.

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Meier, Anna Cäcilia, and Nikolaos Papadopulos. "Lebensqualität nach geschlechtsangleichenden Operationen – eine Übersicht." Handchirurgie · Mikrochirurgie · Plastische Chirurgie, June 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1487-6415.

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Bei Personen mit Geschlechtsinkongruenz wird eine Verminderung der Lebensqualität durch zahlreiche Studien belegt. Die hohe psychische Belastung führt zu depressiven Erkrankungen, Angststörungen und gegenüber der Normbevölkerung erhöhter Suizidalität. Auch soziale Limitationen führen zu verminderter Lebensqualität. Die Möglichkeit geschlechtsangleichender Operationen wird zunehmend wahrgenommen, stellt jedoch einen radikalen Eingriff in das Leben dieser Patienten dar.Ob die chirurgischen Maßnahmen die Lebensqualität und Lebenszufriedenheit von Transfrauen und Transm

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Gomes, Filho Teodoro Antunes. "Der Prozess der Ausbildung von Transvestiten und Transfrauen in Brasilien." February 18, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4547575.

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Dieser theoretische Aufsatz versucht, das Problem des Schulprozesses von Transvestiten und Transfrauen in Brasilien ans Licht zu bringen. Ihre Ziele sind es, sich ihrem Schulniveau zu nähern, ihre Bahnen im Rahmen der formalen Bildung zu verstehen, die Gründe zu ermitteln, die sie dazu veranlassen, zu bleiben, oder institutionenzuentkommen, festzustellen, ob sie körperliche oder symbolische Gewalt erleiden, zu überprüfen, ob sie die Garantie für das, was Artikel 205 des CF (Bundesverfassung) sagt, für gewährleistet halten, und zu überprüfen, ob

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Meyenburg, Bernd, Karin Renter-Schmidt, and Gunter Schmidt. "Transidentität in Jugend und Adoleszenz: Zur Veränderung der Sexratio und der Prävalenz in den letzten eineinhalb Jahrzehnten." Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, December 10, 2020, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000763.

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Zusammenfassung. Die Auswertung von 1434 Gutachten (darunter 420 unter 20-jährige Begutachtete) zur Vornamens- und Personenstandsänderung nach dem Transsexuellengesetz (TSG) aus den Jahren 2005 bis 2019 zeigt im Untersuchungszeitraum (1) bei Jugendlichen und Adoleszenten eine erhebliche Veränderung der Sexratio zugunsten transidenter Jungen/junger Männer (geburtsgeschlechtlicher Mädchen/Frauen) von 2:1 auf 10:1; (2) bezogen auf die Population aller Begutachteten eine deutliche Zunahme der Prävalenz jugendlicher/adoleszenter Transmänner (geburtsgeschlechtlicher Frauen), wohingegen die Prävalenz

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Winkler-Crepaz, Katharina. "Im falschen Körper geboren?" Die Gynäkologie, January 6, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-024-05307-w.

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Geschlechtsinkongruenz beschreibt die Diskrepanz zwischen dem bei Geburt zugewiesenen Geschlecht und der Geschlechtsidentität. Die geschlechtsangleichende Hormontherapie stellt einen essenziellen Bestandteil der medizinischen Betreuung von Personen mit Geschlechtsinkongruenz dar. Fragestellung Welche Medikamente werden zur geschlechtsangleichenden Hormontherapie empfohlen, und was sind ihre unerwünschten Nebenwirkungen und Langzeitrisiken? Material und Methoden In Beitrag werden die Handlungsempfehlungen der Endocrine Society, der World Professional Association for

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Maree, Ali Faaiq, and Ashraf Jamal Mahmoud. "Estimation of some antioxidants and liver enzymes parameters in rats infected with Entamoeba histolytica and the extent of the therapeutic effect of gold nanoparticles." South Eastern European Journal of Public Health, September 30, 2024, 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.70135/seejph.vi.1130.

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This study was conducted on patients visiting Tikrit Teaching Hospital in Tikrit city and visiting some private laboratories in Al-Alam district for the period from the beginning of January 2023 to the end of December 2023. 548 stools were collected and the percentage of infection with the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica was 29.92% for 164 samples positive for microscopic examination. The study included the biochemical aspects that studied the effect of infection with the amoeba parasite on some antioxidants of infected rats treated with different concentrations of gold nanoparticles. It was note

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Suhag, Kirti, Subhomoi Borkotoky, Shumaila Iqbal Siddiqui, et al. "Mechanistic Insights into the Divergent Membrane Activities of a Viroporin from Chikungunya Virus and Its Transframe Variant." ACS Infectious Diseases, January 2, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00562.

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Yu, Fu-Hsien, Kuo-Jung Huang, and Chin-Tien Wang. "C-Terminal HIV-1 Transframe p6* Tetrapeptide Blocks Enhanced Gag Cleavage Incurred by Leucine Zipper Replacement of a Deleted p6* Domain." Journal of Virology 91, no. 10 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00103-17.

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ABSTRACT HIV-1 protease (PR) functions as a homodimer mediating virus maturation following virus budding. Gag-Pol dimerization is believed to trigger embedded PR activation by promoting PR dimer formation. Early PR activation can lead to markedly reduced virus yields due to premature Gag cleavage. The p6* peptide, located between Gag and PR, is believed to ensure virus production by preventing early PR maturation. Studies aimed at finding supporting evidence for this proposal are limited due to a reading frame overlap between p6* and the p6gag budding domain. To determine if p6* affects virus

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Yu, Fu-Hsien, Kuo-Jung Huang, and Chin-Tien Wang. "Correction for Yu et al., “C-Terminal HIV-1 Transframe p6* Tetrapeptide Blocks Enhanced Gag Cleavage Incurred by Leucine Zipper Replacement of a Deleted p6* Domain”." Journal of Virology 91, no. 14 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00727-17.

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