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Wood, Kayla M. "Media Ethics and Violence Against the Transgender Community: An Exploration of Ethically Covering Homicides of Black Transgender Women." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors155622553403116.
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Cameron, Larry Jack. "Chronically Homeless Transgender Women Obtaining Social Services From Outreach Workers." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3868.
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In the United States, homelessness is often connected to traumatic events such as domestic violence, job loss, or post incarceration experiences, frequently resulting in substance use disorders, medical issues, and related mental illnesses. Although researchers have considered how homelessness and social service interventions affect sexual and gender minority youth, they have not adequately studied the causes and effects of homelessness among transgender women. The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological study was to bridge this gap in knowledge by exploring the experiences of chronically homeless transgender women. The research question focused on the lived experiences of chronically homeless transgender women who try to obtain social services from outreach workers. A purposive sample of 8 chronically homeless transgender women from the southeastern United States completed individual face-to-face interviews. Using phenomenological strategies, the narratives were analyzed and interpreted into codes, categories, and themes. Four central themes were identified, including reasons for homelessness, the lived experience of chronic homelessness, experiences related to transgender identity, and involvement with social services. Participants faced barriers with social services agencies and outreach workers, including administrative demand for binary gender classification, blatant ignorance and discrimination, and a lack of trans-positive treatment facilities and shelters. The findings and recommendations from this study may advance positive social change by guiding the efforts of social service agencies and outreach workers to improve the quality of social services for transgender women.
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Hines, Dana D. "Social patterns and pathways of HIV care among HIV-positive transgender women." Thesis, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3730539.
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Transgender women have the highest HIV prevalence rates of all gender and sexual minorities, yet are less likely to enter and be retained in HIV care. As a result, they are at high risk for HIV-related morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to describe the illness career of transgender women living with HIV and to describe how interactions with health care providers and important others influenced their illness trajectory. The findings are a theoretical model that includes four stages: Having the world come crashing down, shutting out the world, living in a dark world, and reconstructing the world. Relationships within the social network (family, friends, and romantic partners) and the network of health care providers provided the context of the women’s illness careers. Pivotal moments marked movement from one phase to the next. Having the World Crashing Down was the first stage that occurred when the participants were diagnosed with HIV. They felt that their lives as they knew them had been destroyed. They indicated that the “whole world just shattered” the moment they found out they had HIV. Shutting Out the World occurred next. During this stage, many participants experienced withdrawal, denial, social isolation and loneliness. As they struggled with their diagnosis, they often avoided HIV care and avoided contact with important others. During the third stage, Living in a Dark World, participants descended into a dark phase of self-destructive life and health-threatening behaviors following their diagnosis. During the fourth stage, Reconstructing the World, participants began to reestablish themselves in the world and found new ways to reengage with important others and resume meaningful life activities. Findings confirm that the illness careers of HIV-positive transgender women are influenced by the social context of the health care setting and interactions with health care providers and important others.
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Gómez-Ramírez, Oralia. ""We are trans women" : on-street sex work and transgender politics in Mexico City." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63768.
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This dissertation is a feminist ethnography about on-street sex work and transgender politics in contemporary Mexico. It focuses on the socioeconomic and symbolic tensions existing between trans activists and trans vendors, mostly of sexual services, in Mexico City. It is based on ethnographic research consisting of participant-observation, formal interviews, informal conversations, and travel companionships with low-income female-gendered transpeople and self-identified trans activists in places of work, homes, social gatherings, and activist events about sexual diversity. The fieldwork for this study was conducted between 2010 and 2011, with shorter research periods spanning 2009 to 2014. The research also draws on bill proposals and official stenographic transcripts of socio-legal discussions held in Mexico City’s Legislative Assembly between 2001 and 2013. This study shows that, while not all transpeople are sex workers, a sizeable number of low-income trans women work as sexual labourers on the streets of Mexico City. Trans women have gained increasing visibility in on-street sex trade areas. Impoverished transpeople suffer the symbolic and material expressions of a generalized disrespect and disregard affecting on-street sex workers and low-income female-gendered transpeople. A sexual labour framework is thus critical to understand the ways in which social class and informal on-street vending shape the circumstances, livelihoods, and aspirations of low-income trans women. Their daily realities are shaped but not subsumed or exhausted by gender expressions and subjectivities or sex–gender systems alone. A class and labour lens, in addition to a gender lens, is necessary to shed light on the often-overlooked dimensions of socioeconomic standing and employment background that frame the lives of trans activists and trans sex workers. This project applies an intersecting critical trans and sexual labour analysis to understand the socioeconomic concerns and livelihoods of female-gendered transpeople. It contributes to the ethnographies of Mexico by underscoring regional and class diversity in the experiences and circumstances facing Mexicans. Lastly, this work helps refine feminist anthropology by demonstrating the utility of classic concepts to understand shifting intersecting realities and, more broadly, by refusing to conflate trans and sex work issues in Mexico with those found in other contexts.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
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Murphy, Ellen C., Eddy R. Segura, Jordan E. Lake, Leyla Huerta, Amaya G. Perez-Brumer, Kenneth H. Mayer, Sari L. Reisner, Javier R. Lama, and Jesse L. Clark. "Intimate Partner Violence Against Transgender Women: Prevalence and Correlates in Lima, Peru (2016–2018)." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652439.
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Limited data exists on intimate partner violence (IPV) among transgender women (TW), though global trends suggest IPV is associated with HIV risk in this population. We describe the prevalence of verbal, physical, and/or sexual violence as well as participant- and partner-level correlates of IPV among TW in Lima, Peru. Among 389 respondents, 15.2% reported IPV with one or more of their last three sexual partners: 9.2% verbal, 8.2% physical, and 2.3% sexual violence. Physical and verbal violence were more common with stable partners (aPR 3.46, 95% CI 1.17–10.25, aPR 2.46, 95% CI 1.14–5.28, respectively). Physical violence was associated with condomless receptive anal intercourse (cRAI) (aPR 2.22, 95% CI 1.19–4.13) and partner alcohol use (aPR 4.38, 95% CI 1.56–12.33) while verbal violence correlated with participant inebriation (aPR 4.86, 95% CI 1.63–14.46). Our results link IPV with stable partnerships, alcohol use, and cRAI, suggesting TW in Peru may benefit from multidimensional IPV prevention strategies to foster supportive relationships and reduce HIV transmission.amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research
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Castel, Shahar. "Improvement in appearance anxiety following facial feminization surgery." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21285.
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Thesis (M.A.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.BACKGROUND: Transgender women suffer a great deal of self-reported anxiety and concern about their facial appearance as they may readily be identified by observers as "trans" when they would prefer to be interpreted solely as women. Little is known about the psychological distress that transgender individuals experience in their decision to undergo major aesthetic plastic surgery as a result of their appearance concern. As such, it remains unknown whether transgender individuals experience improved appearance anxiety and a greater quality of life following facial feminization surgery. AIMS: The objective of this study is to determine, using the Derriford Appearance Scale 24, whether any improvement can be seen among transgender patients in their level of appearance anxiety following facial feminization surgery. We also aim to look at whether additional improvements can be seen in the quality of life of transgender patients. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on patients undergoing facial feminization surgery. The outcome measure used was the Derriford Appearance Scale 24. The Derriford Appearance Scale 24 was given to transgender patients to fill out at the end of their pre-operative visit before their schedule facial feminization surgery. The scale was then also administered three weeks following surgery and three months following surgery, via the Internet. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients were enrolled. Of these, fourteen patients completed at least one of the surveys, post-operatively; twelve patients completed all three surveys. Of those patients who completed at least two out of the three surveys, scores revealed that 85% of transgender patients displayed higher levels of psychological distress when completing the first survey, preoperatively, than in subsequent post-operative surveys. CONCLUSIONS: Transgender individuals enrolled in the study showed decreased levels of distress both three weeks after surgery and three months after surgery. These results were promising in displaying amelioration of appearance anxiety following facial feminization surgery. Though results show increased quality of life, the degree of impact that gender confirming facial features may have on quality of life for transgender patients has yet to be assessed.
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Almendariz, Sergio E. ""Her Name Was"." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248439/.
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Her Name Was is an examination of the oppression of transgender people in a society that is built on the nominalization of cisgender people, those who gender matchers their sex assigned at birth, and how this oppression lends itself to violence. In the summer of 2015, the body of Shade Schuler, an African American transgender woman, was found in a field outside of Dallas, Texas. Ms. Shade is part of an alarming epidemic of escalating levels of targeted violence against the transgender community. This documentary pulls back the curtain as it captures the feelings and struggles of the transgender community as they attempt to navigate and survive in a cis dominating society.
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Davey, Amanda. "Psychological wellbeing among the treatment-seeking trans population." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/21514.
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The overarching aim of this thesis was to explore psychological wellbeing among a treatment seeking population of trans individuals. Specifically, psychopathology and quality of life were studied as key dimensions of psychological wellbeing. The thesis begins with a proposed model of predictors of psychological wellbeing derived from a review of the literature, which includes social support, interpersonal problems, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, experiences of transphobia, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), age and gender. Study 1 proceeds then to focus specifically on levels of perceived social support and its relationship to psychological wellbeing. Study 2 assesses interpersonal problems. Study 3 investigates prevalence rates of NSSI. Drawing on the findings from the previous three studies, Study 4 subsequently tests an amended model of predictors. In terms of the methodology employed across the studies, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted using standardised measures, a large sample of trans individuals recruited from a national gender identity clinic (GIC), and a matched control group of non-trans (hereafter referred to as cisgender) individuals. Throughout, consideration was given to differences between trans women and trans men as well as how trans individuals compare to cisgender individuals, with regards to each of the variables tested. The thesis concludes with a revised model of predictors, in addition to recommendations for preventing the development of poor psychological wellbeing and interventions for improving poor psychological wellbeing among the trans population.
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Galea, J. T. "Acceptability of rectal microbicides in men who have sex with men and transgender women in Peru and Ecuador." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1420632/.
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Background: Globally, HIV epidemics continue to expand in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) for whom unprotected receptive anal intercourse is the primary HIV risk factor. An efficacious rectal microbicide could play a role in reducing incident infections in MSM/TGW; however, its real-world effectiveness will rely on correct and consistent use. Acceptability of rectal microbicides among these populations will dictate their use, and this must be understood within specific sexual, social, behavioural, and cultural contexts. MSM/TGW in Peru and Ecuador could benefit from a rectal microbicide, but acceptability of the technology is unknown. Methods: Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods were used to understand the barriers and facilitators of rectal microbicide use among 140 MSM/TGW in Lima and Iquitos, Peru and Guayaquil, Ecuador. Conjoint analysis assessed the relative and overall acceptability of eight different hypothetical rectal microbicides as well as the individual impact of specific product characteristics. Twelve focus group discussions and 36 in-depth interviews explored the sociocultural issues affecting rectal microbicide acceptability. Results: Conjoint analysis found that overall rectal microbicide acceptability was high (86.7 on a 0–100 scale) and that the product’s effectiveness had the single greatest impact on acceptability; other product characteristics (cost, side effects, frequency of use, formulation, dosage, prescription need) varied in influence by study city. Qualitative data were sorted into four domains: individual, product, interpersonal, and cultural-societal-structural. Key issues identified that could affect product acceptability were: limited product knowledge, concerns regarding prevention plausibility, side effects, and effectiveness; impact on condom use; target user; and, product access. Conclusion: Rectal microbicides for HIV prevention are acceptable to MSM/TGW in Peru and Ecuador but heavily influenced by product effectiveness. Real-world use will face multiple sociocultural issues, especially regarding access concerns, that must be accounted and planned for during development and eventual deployment of a commercial product.
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Fields, Cheryl B. "Predicting Breast Cancer Screening Among African American Lesbians and Bisexual Women." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/926.
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In 2009, 713,220 new cases of cancer were diagnosed for women in the United States with more than a quarter million deaths. African American women and lesbians exhibit behavioral risk factors as well as diminished access to and utilization of breast cancer screening that reduces opportunities for early detection. This secondary analysis of a national convenience-based study examined screening compliance among 647 African American lesbian and bisexual women. Barriers to accessing screening represented the theoretical framework for this study. Bivariate chi square analysis was used to assess the association between independent variables: sociodemographic characteristics; participation in wellness activities; sexual orientation/gender identity; and experience with health care providers and the three dependent breast cancer screening compliance variables: breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE), and mammography screening. Statistically significant associations between dependent and independent variables at the .05 level were further analyzed with logistic regression. Results of the ten regression models found that BSE was predicted by socioeconomic characteristics and participation in wellness activities. Compliance with CBE guidelines was predicted by sociodemographic characteristics, wellness activities, sexual orientation/gender identity and provider experience. Sociodemographic variables and provider experience also predicted mammography screening. Overall compliance was predicted by sociodemographic characteristics, namely insurance status. The social change implications of this research are an improved understanding of African American lesbian and bisexual women's screening behavior and guidance toward interventions that can improve and breast cancer screening compliance with guidelines.
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Barragan, Renee. "Sport Participation, Gender Schema, Athletic Identity, and Internalized Homophobia in Lesbian Women." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1374.
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Lesbian athletes face criticism and discrimination from coaches, fans, and society. Researchers have suggested that female sport is stigmatized due to perceived masculinity and homosexuality, causing athletes to focus on heterosexual and feminine behaviors. The dichotomy of athleticism and femininity in sports has been extensively studied in the heterosexual population. However, the impact of the overt discrimination and pressure to conform to societal standards of femininity and heterosexuality has not been studied in lesbians. Therefore, the purpose of this quantitative study utilizing survey design was to examine the relationship among sport participation, gender schema, athletic identity, and internalized homophobia. A network-based snowball sampling method was used to survey 226 lesbians, 18 years of age and older. Surveys issued via Internet included the Bem Sex Role Inventory, Athletic Identity Measurement Scale, and the Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, t tests, and Pearson Correlation. No significant difference in sports participation was found in lesbians with different gender schemas. There was a significant difference in the athletic identity of participants who were more or less active in sports, but there was no significant difference in internalized homophobia for participants who were more or less active in sports. There was no relationship between athletic identity and internalized homophobia. This study contributes to the existing literature on women and sport. It promotes social change by further investigating the influence of gender schema, athletic identity, and internalized homophobia related to behaviors and attitudes in sports.
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Kille, Julie Ann. "Communications in sex work : a content analysis of online sex work advertisements among men, women and transgender people in Vancouver." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54323.
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The increased use of technology to purchase goods and services has changed the landscape of how we advertise, buy and sell commodities. This has contributed to an increase in off-street sex work advertised on the Internet. It is estimated that 80% of sex work in British Columbia occurs off street and the use of web advertising for services has grown exponentially (O’Doherty, 2011). While street-based sex work has been well studied, and there is a significant and growing body of knowledge concerning off-street sex work, communications in advertising sex work online is an emerging field of inquiry. There have been few studies that have examined these communications, and most have been population specific. In this study, 75 online advertisements for sex work in Vancouver, British Columbia were compared to determine what information was regularly communicated and how this information differed between men, women and transgender people using this medium to conduct business. Content analysis was employed as a method to extract the data from the websites in a systemized, categorical way and the results were analyzed to compare differences between groups, focusing on communications, health, safety, and business information. The findings suggest that while there are similarities between men, women and transgender people advertising sex work online, there are important differences that require further study to determine if they have impacted the health and safety of sex workers. This study summarizes what is being communicated in online advertisements of sex workers and contributes to understandings about how sex workers are communicating about health, safety and business to their clients. These insights can assist health care providers and policy makers in creating interventions to improve health and safety for sex workers and their clients.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Passaro, R. Colby, Eddy R. Segura, Williams Gonzales-Saavedra, Jordan E. Lake, Amaya Perez-Brumer, Steven Shoptaw, James Dilley, Robinson Cabello, and Jesse L. Clark. "Sexual Partnership-Level Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Lima, Peru." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652454.
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To improve understanding of factors associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) and explore its role in sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition, we analyzed partnership-level correlates of IPV among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in Peru. In a 2017 cross-sectional study of rectal STI screening and HIV prevention, MSM/TW completed a sociobehavioral survey addressing demographic characteristics, sexual risk behaviors, and substance use, and were tested for rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia, syphilis, and HIV. Generalized estimating equations estimated individual- and partner-level correlates of IPV. Of 576 participants (median age, 27 years), 7.9% (36/456) of MSM and 15.0% (18/120) of TW reported IPV with ≥ 1 of their last three partners. MSM/TW reporting IPV were more likely to meet criteria for an alcohol use disorder (74.1%) than participants reporting no IPV (56.7%; p <.01). Physical violence (4.5% MSM; 9.2% TW) was associated with stable partnerships (aPR 3.79, 95% CI 1.79–8.04), partner concurrency (4.42, 1.19–16.40), and participant alcohol (4.71, 1.82–12.17) or drug use (5.38, 2.22–13.02) prior to sex. Psychological violence (4.5% MSM; 5.0% TW) was associated with stable partnerships (2.84, 1.01–7.99). Sexual IPV was reported by 1.1% of MSM and 5.0% of TW. Physical, psychological, and sexual IPV were reported in sexual partnerships of Peruvian MSM and TW, particularly with stable partners and in conjunction with substance use.Revisión por pares
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Passaro, R. C., R. Colby Passaro, Eddy R. Segura, Javier R. Lama, Jorge Sanchez, Jordan E. Lake, Steven Shoptaw, and Jesse L. Clark. "High-Risk, but Hidden: Binge Drinking among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Lima, Peru, 2012-2014." Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651839.
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Background: Binge drinking (BD) is common in Peru, but may not be routinely detected by standard assessments of hazardous drinking. Objectives: We describe prevalence and risk behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in Peru who met criteria for BD as compared with those who met criteria for hazardous drinking. Methods: In a cross-sectional sample of MSM and TW from Lima (2012-2014), we calculated prevalence of BD (consuming ≥6 alcoholic drinks per occasion by AUDIT-3 criteria), conducted bivariate analyses of associations of BD with demographic and behavioral characteristics, and compared prevalence and behaviors of BD to those of hazardous drinkers (identified by AUDIT-10 criteria). Results: Of 1,520 MSM (n = 1,384) and TW (n = 137) with median age 27 years, 74.4% of MSM and 86.9% of TW met criteria for BD. Among MSM, BD was associated with a greater likelihood of using alcohol (41.6% vs. 13.8%; p <.01) or drugs (7.8% vs. 2.8%; p <.01) prior to a recent sexual contact. Among TW, BD was associated with greater frequency of alcohol use (44.9% vs. 11.1%; p <.01) or unprotected anal intercourse (58.8% vs. 33.3%; p =.04) during ≥1 of their three most recent sexual contacts. There was a higher prevalence of BD (75.5%) than hazardous drinking (53.2%) in our sample, with binge drinkers exhibiting similar sexual risk behaviors to hazardous drinkers. Conclusions: Binge drinking is common among MSM and TW in Lima, associated with risky sexual behavior, and may not be adequately captured by AUDIT-10 criteria.Revisión por pares
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Bell, Kathryn, Elizabeth Rieger, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Eating Disorder Symptoms and Proneness in Gay Men, Lesbian Women, and Transgender and Non-conforming Adults: Comparative Levels and a Proposed Mediational Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5485.
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In this study we sought to compare eating disorder attitudes and behaviors, and proneness to an eating disorder (“ED proneness”), between gay men, lesbian women, and transgender and non-conforming (TGNC) adults. A further aim was to identify and compare risk and protective factors, and examine a mediational model based on the interpersonal theory of eating disorders (IPT-ED), whereby the association between interpersonal factors and ED proneness would be mediated by psychological constructs pertaining to the self and negative affect. Data was obtained from a larger national study of health risk and protective factors among sexual minority and gender diverse populations. The sample included 97 gay men, 82 lesbian women, and 138 TGNC adults. Participants completed the National College Health Assessment, Eating Disorders Screen for Primary Care, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 scale, Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, Negative Social Exchange subscale of the Multidimensional Health Profile, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, and Perceived Stigma Scale. There was a significant difference between groups in ED proneness, with lesbian women (66.7%) having a significantly higher percentage than gay men (47.6%). There was also a significant difference between groups in weight-based self-worth, with the lowest percentage in gay men (63%) and the highest percentage in lesbian women (82%), as well as dissatisfaction with eating patterns, with the highest percentage in TGNC adults (69.8%) and the lowest percentage in gay men (47.7%). There was a low percentage of inappropriate compensatory behaviors, with no significant difference between groups. Logistic regression analyses showed that the predictor variables of ED proneness were depression, perceived stigma, and self-compassion in gay men; depression in lesbian women; and self-compassion in the TGNC adults. Mediation analyses showed that thwarted belongingness (i.e., an unmet to belong) and perceived stigma had an indirect association with ED proneness that was mediated by self-compassion and depression (for perceived stigma alone) in gay men, depression in lesbian women, and self-compassion in TGNC adults. The interpersonal theory of eating disorders therefore extends to sexual minority and gender diverse populations; however, the results suggest a broadening of theoretical models and intervention programs to include the role of stigma and self-compassion.
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Ayer, Amrita, Eddy R. Segura, Amaya Perez-Brumer, Susan Chavez-Gomez, Rosario Fernandez, Jessica Gutierrez, Karla Suárez, Jordan E. Lake, Jesse L. Clark, and Robinson Cabello. "Sexual health norms and communication patterns within the close social networks of men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru: a 2017 cross-sectional study." BioMed Central Ltd, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657337.
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Background: Social networks, norms, and discussions about sexual health may inform sexual practices, influencing risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition. To better understand social networks of Peruvian men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (trans women), we examined key social network members (SNMs), participant perceptions of these network members’ opinions toward sexual health behaviors, and associations between network member characteristics and condomless anal intercourse (CAI). Methods: In a 2017 cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 565 MSM and trans women with HIV-negative or unknown serostatus was asked to identify three close SNMs; describe discussions about HIV and STI prevention with each; and report perceived opinions of condom use, HIV/STI testing, and partner notification of STIs. Generalized estimating equations evaluated relationships between SNM characteristics, opinions, and discussions and participant-reported CAI. Results: Among participants who identified as MSM, 42.3% of key SNMs were perceived to identify as gay. MSM “never” discussed HIV and STI prevention concerns with 42.4% of heterosexual SNMs, but discussed them “at least once weekly” with 16.9 and 16.6% of gay- and bisexual- identifying SNMs, respectively. Among participants who identified as trans women, 28.2% of key SNMs were perceived as heterosexual; 25.9%, as bisexual; 24.7%, as transgender; and 21.2%, as gay. Trans women discussed HIV/STI prevention least with cis-gender heterosexual network members (40.2% “never”) and most with transgender network members (27.1% “at least once weekly”). Participants perceived most of their close social network to be completely in favor of condom use (71.2% MSM SNMs, 61.5% trans women SNMs) and HIV/STI testing (73.1% MSM SNMs, 75.6% trans women SNMs), but described less support for partner STI notification (33.4% MSM SNMs, 37.4% trans women SNMs). Most participants reported CAI with at least one of their past three sexual partners (77.5% MSM, 62.8% trans women). SNM characteristics were not significantly associated with participant-reported frequency of CAI. Conclusions: Findings compare social support, perceived social norms, and discussion patterns of Peruvian MSM and trans women, offering insight into social contexts and sexual behaviors. Trial registration: The parent study from which this analysis was derived was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03010020) on January 4, 2017.National Institutes of Health
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Passaro, R. Colby, Susan Chávez-Gomez, Angelica Castañeda-Huaripata, Williams Gonzales-Saavedra, Matthew R. Beymer, Eddy R. Segura, Francisco Nanclares, James Dilley, Robinson Cabello, and Jesse L. Clark. "Personalized Cognitive Counseling Reduces Drinking Expectancy Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Lima, Peru: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655480.
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Personalized cognitive counseling (PCC) is an evidence-based intervention designed to modify HIV-related risk behavior. We assessed the impact of PCC on sexual behavior, drinking expectancy, and incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in a 6-month randomized controlled trial among 153 HIV-uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in Peru. Study retention was ≥ 90%, with three HIV infections (3 Control) and 19 cases of GC/CT (10 Control, 9 PCC) at 6 months. There was a decline in condomless receptive anal intercourse in the Control (0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.91; p < 0.01) and PCC arms (0.72, 0.55-0.94; p = 0.02) at 6-month follow-up. There was a decrease in drinking expectancy at 6 months among participants endorsing alcohol use in the PCC arm (0.89, 0.83-0.96; p < 0.01), versus no change in the Control arm (0.98, 0.92-1.04; p = 0.54). PCC was efficacious in reducing drinking expectancy and HIV risk among MSM and TW in Peru.National Institutes of Health
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Butland, Krista Anne. "The Complexities of Female Sexuality: Narratives of Women who Have Experienced Both Heterosexual and Same-Sex Marriages." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/348.
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Due to social stigma, millions of sexual minorities have concealed their true sexual identities by entering into heterosexual relationships and marriages. Eventually, some transition to same-sex relationships and are able to live authentic lives. This latter group had identified as genuinely heterosexual, never questioning their sexuality until a particular time in their lives when same-sex desires spontaneously appeared. The experiences of transitioning from heterosexual to same-sex partners are not well known, particularly for women who have been legally married to both men and women. Diamond's dynamical systems theory for same-sex sexuality and McCarn and Fassinger's lesbian identity formation model provided the theoretical framework for this qualitative narrative study investigating the life stories of 15 female participants recruited from social media, who had experienced a transition from heterosexual marriage to same-sex marriage. Face-to-face interviews were conducted and data were coded and analyzed to identify emergent categories. The findings revealed that the women experienced shifts in private and public sexual identities over time. Despite external obstacles and personal concerns in transitioning from heterosexual to same-sex relationships, all the women had more positive experiences in their same-sex marriages than they did in their heterosexual marriages. Understanding these women's life stories will allow mental health professionals to better understand and address the needs of this population in more clinical and applied settings. This study will also help educate the general public about women who experience shifts in the desired gender of their relationship.
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Ayer, Amrita, Amaya Perez-Brumer, Eddy R. Segura, Susan Chavez-Gomez, Rosario Fernandez, Cecilia Arroyo, Alex Barrantes, Jordan E. Lake, Robinson Cabello, and Jesse L. Clark. "Let’s Talk About Sex: The Impact of Partnership Contexts on Communication About HIV Serostatus and Condom Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) and Transgender Women (TW) in Lima, Peru." Springer, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655892.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Sexual communication with partners informs risk assessment and sexual practices. We evaluated participant, partner, and network factors associated with communication about condom use and HIV serostatus and explored their relationships with condomless anal intercourse (CAI) among 446 men who have sex with men (MSM) and 122 transgender women (TW) in Lima, Peru. Generalized estimating equations assessed contextual influences on communication and practices with recent sexual partners. More frequent HIV communication was reported by MSM who: identified as heterosexual, compared to bisexual or gay; characterized partnerships as stable, compared to casual, anonymous, or commercial; or discussed HIV/STIs with close social contacts (p < 0.05). TW in concurrent partnerships discussed condom use more frequently than those in monogamous relationships (p < 0.05). Condom use discussions and alcohol use among MSM were associated with CAI (p < 0.05). Findings highlight complexity in sexual decision-making and call for further study of conversation content and practices to inform HIV prevention messaging.
National Institutes of Health
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Canty, Jayme N. "The 'Swelling Wave of Oppression': An Intersectional Study of the Health Challenges of Black Heterosexual Women and Black Queer Women in the American South." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2017. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/110.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to utilize an intersectional approach to determine what external factors (social, political, and economic) contribute to the health challenges of black heterosexual women and black queer women in the American South. The dissertation made a comparison between black heterosexual women and black queer women to explore whether their health challenges result from their social, political, and economic experiences. The research further examined how the daily experiences of these black women impact their health. This dissertation found that the daily lives of black heterosexual and black queer women associated with their social, economic, and political experiences create vulnerability in the health challenges of these populations. The dissertation also found that black queer women appear to become a sub-population whose health is poorer than their black heterosexual female counterparts because they suffer additional challenges, in the form of isolation and stigmatization, resulting from their sexual orientation in the American South.
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Smith, Rachel Marie. "A Community Engaged Approach to Address Intimate Partner Violence among Sexual Minority Women." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3323.
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In response to a dearth of empirical literature concerning the mechanisms underlying female same-sex intimate partner violence (FSSIPV) perpetration, the purpose of this research is to inform intimate partner violence intervention and prevention strategies specific to sexual minority women. The research responds in particular, this research aims to inform a working intersectional model predicting FSSIPV perpetration, and to evaluate the face validity and construct coverage of existing survey measures related to gender, minority stress, and violence. Fourteen lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer women recruited from the greater Portland, Oregon area participated in a series of in-depth, semi-structured, open-ended one-on-one and focus group interviews. Participant recruitment involved a combination of purposive and convenience sampling methods aided by the involvement of multiple community partners working in violence and education related fields. Interview and focus group questions addressed participants' experiences with gender role stress and minority stress. Grounded theory analysis of participants' narrative responses informed the coverage and relevance of constructs in a working intersectional model predicting women's use of violence in their same-gender intimate relationships. In particular, findings indicate that sexual minority women's experiences of gender role stress and minority stress, particularly in combination, were especially influential on their identities. Sexual minority women's experiences with minority stressors were not confined to minority stressors specific to their gender identities and sexual orientations, but intersected with minority stressors related to race and class as well. These findings support an intersectional and contextually-minded approach to IPV intervention and prevention strategies.
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Lin, Tong (Hilary). "Ji Sor (1997): Self-Realization of Women in Cinema and in History." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1671.
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100 years ago, there was a group of women called Zishunu who stood up against the whole society and swore off marriage for life. Zishu offered an escape for many women in the Pearl River Delta area. As forerunners in female independence and liberation, Zishunu never had the chance to be the spokesman of themselves or the recognition they deserved. Ji Sor (1997), a groundbreaking work in lesbian-themed movies, beautifully depicts this special and unparalleled historical phenomenon in detail. Released a few months after the Handover of Hong Kong in 1997, this critically acclaimed movie by Hong Kong New Wave filmmaker Jacob Cheung embodies the three biggest fears of an extremely conservative society: absence of marriage, challenges to male hegemony, and homosexuality. Although seen as representatives of strong and independent women, Zishunu had to make a lot of compromises to the patriarchal culture to be allowed not to marry. The emancipation of Zishunu, although as a huge advancement in the feminism in China, is not a complete liberation. Women emancipation cannot be achieved by women celibacy. A hundred years later, we are still asking what gender equality really means, what is women’s power, what is independence, what is feminism? Through the analyses of Zishu and Ji Sor both individually and together, this thesis explores the meanings of gender equalities and sexual identities mean in the cinematic world and in the real world. There shouldn’t be a set of standards of how women should act. The right that a woman should have, just like a real women’s movie, is the autonomy to make her own decisions.
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Daitz, Emma. "In whose name? a case study of how a small group of gender variant men and women based in Cape Town understand and relate to the terms transgender and transsexual." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3880.
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Using a phenomenological approach and the technique of in-depth interviews, this
dissertation investigates how a small sample of gender variant men and women
understand, experience, and relate to the terms used to designate them in academic
literature and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender/Transsexual (LGBT) activism –
namely, ‘transgender’ and ‘transsexual.’ The relevance of such an investigation lies in,
amongst other things, the fact that the corpus of theory – queer - that is most frequently
applied to in order to theorize the lives of such men and women does not pay adequate
attention to the empirical data on their lived experiences.
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Jauk, Daniela F. "Global Gender Policy Development in the UN: A Sociological Exploration of the Politics, Processes, and Language." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1373552040.
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Leon, Segundo R., Eddy R. Segura, Kelika A. Konda, Juan A. Flores, Alfonso Silva-Santisteban, Jerome T. Galea, Thomas J. Coates, Jeffrey D. Klausner, and Carlos F. Caceres. "High prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in anal and pharyngeal sites among a community-based sample of men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru." BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/595419.
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This study aimed to characterise the epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in Lima, Peru.
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Kitayama, Ken, Eddy R. Segura, Jordan E. Lake, Amaya G. Perez-Brumer, Catherine E. Oldenburg, Bethany A. Myers, Paria Pourjavaheri, Chinomnso N. Okorie, Robinson L. Cabello, and Jesse L. Clark. "Syphilis in the Americas: a protocol for a systematic review of syphilis prevalence and incidence in four high-risk groups, 1980–2016." Biomed Central Ltd, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622278.
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Background: Syphilis infection has recently resurfaced as a significant public health problem. Although there has been a tremendous amount of research on the epidemiology of syphilis, there has been limited work done to synthesize the extensive body of research and systematically estimate patterns of disease within high-risk groups in the Americas. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to (1) summarize recent patterns of syphilis infection in North and South America among four high-risk groups (MSM, transgender women, sex workers, and incarcerated individuals) from 1980 to 2016, (2) identify and differentiate regional geographic epidemiologic characteristics, and (3) compare the epidemics of the economically developed countries of North America from the developing countries and public health systems of Latin America and the Caribbean. Methods/design: Primary studies reporting syphilis prevalence and/or incidence in at least one of the four high-risk groups will be identified from Medline/PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, CINAHL, Clase, and Periódica, as well as "gray" literature sources (conference abstracts, country reports, etc.). Studies published from 1980 through 2016 will be included. Data will be extracted from studies meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria and a random effects meta-analysis of prevalence and incidence estimates will be conducted. Heterogeneity, risk of bias, and publication bias will be assessed. Pooled prevalence and incidence estimates will be calculated for comparisons based on geographic region, risk factors, and time period. Discussion: Our systematic review and meta-analysis aims to contribute to an improved understanding of global epidemiologic patterns of syphilis infection in most-at-risk populations. Through systematic classification of the existing literature, and comparison of disease patterns across regional, temporal and socio-behavioral differences, we hope to improve public health surveillance and improve efforts to control the spread of disease across the Americas. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42016047306.
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Sabino, Thiago Emerson. "Travestis e mulheres trans vivendo com HIV/Aids: estudo transversal mensurando adesão à TARV e qualidade de vida em um centro de referência em HIV/Aids da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/99/99131/tde-26102018-150135/.
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Estimativas mundiais apontam que 19% das travestis e mulheres trans estão vivendo com HIV/Aids; no Brasil, a prevalência está acima de 30%. Essas taxas são crescentes e expressam a falta de atenção à saúde desta população. Raros estudos abordam a adesão dessa população aos antirretrovirais, com resultados preocupantes demonstrando falhas na adesão; além disso, escassos trabalhos científicos descrevem a qualidade de vida de travestis e mulheres trans vivendo com HIV/Aids. Este estudo teve por objetivos: (i) descrever a adesão à terapia antirretroviral de travestis e mulheres trans vivendo com HIV/Aids; (ii) identificar fatores associados com a adesão à terapia antirretroviral; (iii) mensurar a qualidade de vida entre travestis e mulheres trans vivendo com HIV/Aids; (iv) identificar fatores associados à qualidade de vida; e (v) explorar a associação entre qualidade de vida e adesão à terapia. A ferramenta para estimar a adesão foi o autorrelato desenvolvido pelo grupo Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Reserch on Aids, além do parâmetro clínico carga viral. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida o questionário utilizado foi o Patient Report Outcomes Quality of Life - HIV (PROQOL-HIV). Este estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética e pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP e pelo comitê de ética e pesquisa do Centro de Referência e Treinamento CRT Santa Cruz, além de estar em consonância com as diretrizes da resolução nº 510 de 2016 pelo Conselho Nacional em Saúde. Os dados foram analisados no programa STATA 15.1, sendo aplicados teste qui-quadrado, teste da soma dos postos de Wilcoxon, cálculo da correlação não paramétrica de Spearman e modelo de regressão logística multivariada. Cento e seis travestis e mulheres trans vivendo com HIV/Aids foram incluídas nesse estudo, das quais 90% declararam adesão ao tratamento; idade mais avançada foi identificada como fator associado a melhor adesão. O escore de qualidade de vida esteve entre boa a excelente em cinco dos 8 domínios do PROQOL-HIV; e menor escolaridade, depressão e uso de drogas ilícitas foram fatores associados com pior escore de qualidade de vida. Não observamos correlação estatisticamente significante entre qualidade de vida e adesão. Nosso estudo sugere que os resultados obtidos possam estar relacionados ao modelo de atendimento adotado no centro recrutador. Estudos multicêntricos, com maior número de participantes e que considere unidades de atendimento localizadas em regiões remotas e menos favorecidas são necessários para expressar a real situação da adesão aos antirretrovirais e qualidade de vida de travestis e mulheres trans.Worldwide estimates indicate that 19% of transgender women are living with HIV / AIDS; in Brazil, the prevalence is above 30%. The increase of the numbers express the lack of health care for this population. Rare previous studies address transgender women adherence to antiretroviral, with poor results and worrying results; In addition, rare scientific studies describe the quality of life in this population. This study focused on evaluating adherence to antiretroviral therapy, identified predictors for adherence, assessed quality of life, identified predictors for quality of life and explored the association between adherence and quality of life in a population of transgender women living with HIV/AIDS. We interviewed 106 transgender women treated at the outpatient clinic of the HIV / AIDS referral center in São Paulo about their adherence to antiretroviral, using a self-reported tool developed by Terry Beirn\'s group Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS and about quality of life using Patient Report Outcomes Quality of Life - HIV (PROQOL-HIV) questionnaire. We also used viral suppression as an indicator of adherence. Prior to the study, ethical clearance was obtained from a Health Research Ethics Committee and informed consent obtained from the study participants. Results formed part of adherence assessment. Data was analyzed using STATA 15.1, with x-square, Wilcoxon test, Spearman test and logistical regression analysis was performed. The sample declared 90% adherence to treatment in self-report, was created a new variable to measure adherence considering viral suppression and self-report, the results decrease to 78% of participants adherent; statistical analyses showed that younger transgender women have more chances to report low adherence. Most participants reported well to excellent quality of life, and lower schooling, depression, and illicit drug use were predictors for a worse quality of life score. We did not observe a statistically significant correlation between quality of life and adherence. Our study suggests good results from the service model adopted at the recruiting center. Multicentric studies with a larger number of participants and considering service units located in remote and less favored regions are necessary to express the real situation of adherence to antiretroviral and quality of life of transgender women.
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Ezimoha, Stella. "Flexibla identiteter i formella system : En idealtypsanalys avseende klassificering av kvinnor och kvalificering för kvotering." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353224.
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There are two parallel developments in European and, particularly important for this study, Swedish policy. The trend is that the individual's self-determination of his gender identity, rather than psychological investigations, medical assessments and legal sections, should be legitimate in recognizing gender identity. Furthermore, there are intensive political debates on positive discrimination of women as a tool for achieving gender equality in response to that men and masculinity are still claiming and maintaining a leading role in society. This study takes root in these two political developments and investigates how two Swedish parliamentary parties, Vänsterpartiet and Socialdemokraterna, take position to transgender womens’ right to determine their gender identity and, at the same time, determine which women should be able to be gender quoted. The result showed that the parties, in political material regarding transgender, assume a trans-inclusionary attitude towards trans women in relation to women as a group, whereas the political material on gender equality of women has a trans-exclusionary approach. The conclusion is that there is a need for a political strategy for managing flexible identities in formal systems.
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Jones, Joshua B. "TransTV: Transgender Visibility and Representation in Serialized Television." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1469625819.
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Powell, Tabitha. "Investigating Whether Implicit Prejudice Moderates the Impact of Sexual Assault Survivors’ Minority Status on Negative Stereotyping." UNF Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/900.
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Although all sexual assault survivors have the potential to experience victim blame, Black women and transgender survivors of sexual assault face higher rates of victim blame and discrimination than their non-minority counterparts. This increased blame may be related to stereotypes about these individuals that do not align with “real” rape victim stereotypes. To understand how minority survivors of sexual assault are stereotyped, I investigated the intelligence and promiscuity ratings of minority survivors of sexual assault compared to their non-minority counterparts. Moreover, I investigated how implicit prejudice moderated the stereotyping of survivors. Participants read crime alerts that varied the race of the survivor (Study 1) or the gender identity of the survivor (Study 2). In Study 1, participants read crime alerts describing the sexual assault of a Black woman and a White woman. In Study 2, participants read crime alerts describing the sexual assault of a transgender man, a transgender woman, and a cisgender woman. After each alert, participants indicated the extent to which they believed the sexual assault survivor was intelligent and promiscuous. Black women survivors of sexual assault were stereotyped as less intelligent, but not more promiscuous than White women survivors. Unexpectedly, transgender survivors of sexual assault were not stereotyped differently than cisgender women survivors. Finally, implicit prejudice against Black people (Study 1) or transgender people (Study 2) did not moderate the effect survivor minority status had on stereotyping. I discuss future directions in the study of stereotyping and victim blame of minority sexual assault survivors. Materials, data, and analysis code are available online at https://osf.io/79kfh/?view_only=363a6941952d461eb918119ec76ff6d4
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Stennett, Sabrina. "Minority stress in people who identify as transgender : testing the minority stress model." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/36582/.
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Objectives: People who identify as transgender are reported to experience high levels of mental health problems in comparison to people who do not identify as transgender. The minority stress model has been used to explain these high prevalence rates. But this model was designed to be used in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) populations (Meyer, 1995, 2003). Researchers have applied some of the hypothesised processes of the model to people who identify as transgender. However, evidence testing the minority stress model in this population is limited. The model postulates that minority stress processes (namely, distal stress, internalised stigma, vigilance and concealment) lead to adverse mental health outcomes. It also states that coping and social support moderate and ameliorate the stress processes. However research on this aspect is inconclusive, with other researchers stating that coping and social support meditate the relationship between internalised stigma and psychological distress. In light of the current literature, this research aimed to test the application of the minority stress model in a sample of people who identified as transgender. It also aimed to test the moderating and mediating roles of coping and social support. Furthermore, this research endeavoured to develop an alternative model (i.e. based on the findings and the literature). Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Participants were recruited from transgender forums, social groups, transgender events and social media. Those who identified as transgender, under the umbrella term, were invited to complete an online survey (N = 270; mean age = 27.5). The majority of participants (60.4%) described their gender identity as trans women. Results: Multiple linear regression, mediation and moderation analyses were conducted. Results showed that, individually, all the stress processes (distal stress process, internalised stigma, vigilance and concealment) were significantly associated with psychological distress. However, when assessed in combination, only certain stress processes emerged as being significant. With internalised stigma emerging as being significant in all the regression models (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress). No moderation effects were found for coping and social support. Instead, passive coping and social support were found to partially mediate the relationship between internalised stigma and psychological distress. Structural equation modelling was also used to develop hypothesised models based on this data. Conclusion: Limited support was found for the minority stress model within this sample. Hypothesised models were developed instead, to highlight the stress processes involved in depression, anxiety and stress. However, future research is warranted to test these models.
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Ferguson, Joshua M. "Non-binary trans subjects : exiting the attachment to the transgender metanarrative of man/woman." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59063.
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This dissertation examines the emergence of what I call the Transgender Metanarrative. It demonstrates how the Transgender Metanarrative functions as a form of confessional identity politics and biopower, in line with the sex and gender binary, by elevating awareness of binary transpeople (transmen/boys and transwoman/girls) while excluding non-binary trans subjects (trans subjects who identify as neither man nor woman). It investigates the ramifications and pervasive effects of this Transgender Metanarrative whereby some parts of the trans movement have created a new sex/gender binary in their attempts to escape it in the first place. The Transgender Metanarrative has exclusionary consequences in further marginalizing people who identify without a gender or gender(s) beyond man and woman. My research focuses on the early twenty-first century’s transgender phenomenon in academia (‘transgender/trans studies’), social discourse (legislative efforts and organizational policies), and popular culture (particularly fiction and non-fiction film). The film analysis identifies in both binary trans and non-binary trans films key thematic motifs that work to cement the ideology of the Transgender Metanarrative, while signaling an emerging counter-culture of non-binary trans discourse that poses a direct challenge to society’s binary-based understanding of gender and transgender. Using film analysis and poststructuralist theory, particularly queer theory, the dissertation calls for a critical deconstruction of the Transgender Metanarrative. I posit that a non-binary notion of gender will influence gender studies the same way queer theory has influenced understandings of sexuality. My identification as a non-binary transperson is employed as a form of feminist positionality and queer methodology throughout the text. I call this methodology an autoethnography of disidentification (Muñoz), to by reasserting non-binary transgender subjectivity to disrupt the hegemonic Transgender Metanarrative. This intervention happens in both visual (images) and written form. My autoethnography of disidentification, challenges Butler’s theory of gender performativity to make an autonomous break with the ‘doing’ before the ‘being’ of gender identity. I argue that this creative autonomous break allows for non-binary genders to be imagined and recognized. The autoethnography of disidentification articulates my non-binary subjective experience in order to invite the reader/viewer to understand the social reality for a non-binary transperson.Arts, Faculty of
Graduate
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Eaves, LaToya. "Spatial Articulations of Race, Desire, and Belonging in Western North Carolina." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1640.
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The sociocultural mythology of the South homogenizes it as a site of abjection. To counter the regionalist discourse, the dissertation intersects queer sexualities with gender and race and focuses on exploring identity and spatial formation among Black lesbian and queer women. The dissertation seeks to challenge the monolith of the South and place the region into multiple contexts and to map Black geographies through an intentional intersectional account of Black queer women. The dissertation utilizes qualitative research methods to ascertain understandings of lived experiences in the production of space. The dissertation argues that an idea of Progress has been indoctrinated as a synonym for the lgbtq civil rights movement and subsequently provides an analysis of progress discourses and queer sexualities and political campaigns of equality in the South. Analyses revealed different ways to situate progress utilizing the public contributions of three Black women interviewed for the dissertation. Moreover, the dissertation utilizes six Black queer and lesbian women to explain the multifarious nature of identities and their construction in place. Black queer and lesbian women produce spaces that deconstruct the normativity of stasis and physicality, and the dissertation explores the consequential realities of being a body in space. These consequences are particularly highlighted in the dissertation by discussions of the processes of racialization in the bounded and unbounded senses of space and place and the impacts of religious institutions, specifically Christianity.
The dissertation concluded that no space is without complication. Other considerations should be made in the advancement of alleviating oppression deeply embedded in United States landscapes. Black women’s geographies offer epistemological and ontological renderings that enrich analyses of space, place, and landscape. The dissertation also concludes that Black women’s bodies represent sites for the production of geographic knowledge through narrating their spaces of material trajectories of interlocking, multiscalar lives.
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Kozee, Holly Beth. "The Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of The Transgender Congruence Scale." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1218220920.
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Merandi, Gabrielle. "Transgender and Gender Diverse Students' Accounts of College Life." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1470228047.
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Hermannsdóttir, Vigdís María. "Here I Am And Here I’m Not: Queer Women’s Use Of Temporary Urban Spaces In Post-Katrina New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2021.
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This thesis builds on previous work on the relationship between queer identities and urban space. Drawing from an analysis of two recurring New Orleans-based queer women’s events, I examine how lesbians and queer women not only use but also actively produce social spaces of their own through participation in events organized specifically for lesbians and queer women. Using qualitative methods, I examine the ephemeral and transient quality of lesbian and queer women’s social spaces in post-Katrina New Orleans and the processes through which such spaces come into being. I argue that lesbian and queer women’s production of ephemeral social spaces provides an opportunity to ground informal social networks in urban spatial locations, to sustain internal visibility, and to create embodied impressions of a cohesive community by emphasizing the role of the body, not geographic borders, for reimagining social territories in urban landscapes. Within this context, attention is given to the class-based and racial projects that affect the trajectory of contemporary queer urban space formation and queer women’s experiences therein.
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Lee, Meredith C. "The Paradox of Authenticity: The Depoliticization of Trans Identity." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339452660.
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Hahlin, Sanna. ""This is my father and he's a woman" : En undersökning av framställningar av transpersoner i tv-serierna Orange Is the New Black och Transparent." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-134684.
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The purpose of this essay is to examine how transgender people are represented in modern day popular fiction. To do this, I have analyzed two tv-programmes, Orange Is the New Black and Transparent. To do this, I have used thematic analysis as well as analyzed the images produced within the programs. The theories that I base my analysis on is largely based on the theories of representation as coined by Stuart Hall as well as queer theory and Judith Butler’s take on gender. I find that they share many common themes such as the process of “coming out” and a clear focus on what transgender peoples’ bodies look like and how they interact with gender. It is mainly trans women who are the subject of fictional movies and tv-programmes and this is perhaps because they are believed to be more approachable and hu-morous than other transgender people. The key to representation is variation and overlook-ing the fact that trans women are somewhat overrepresented, Orange Is the New Black and Transparent portray transgender people in a realistic and intersectional fashion.
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Pieper, Lindsay Parks. "Mixed Doubles: Renee Richards and the Perpetuation of the Gender Binary in Athletics." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1271864700.
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Lambert, Nicole M. "The Influence of Identity and Opportunity on the Nicaraguan Women's Movement." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1279229099.
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Ryan, Joelle Ruby. "Reel Gender: Examining the Politics of Trans Images in Film and Media." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1245709749.
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Zeh, Jason R. "Bodily Borders/National Borders: Toward a Post-Nationalist Valuation of Life in the Case of Kimberly Medina-Tejada." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1245712232.
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Sanchez, Meyerlyn Leticia. "The Resilience Experiences in Non-Binary Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1556796935295631.
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Osborne, Taryn Frances. "Masculinity and Vulnerability in United States Jails and Prisons." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1544710898014658.
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Weiss, Hillary Weiss. "Beyond the Binaries: Passing as Cisgender in Middlesex, Trumpet, and Redefining Realness." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1463410881.
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Brinkman, Eric M. "Inclusive Shakespeare: An Intersectional Analysis of Contemporary Production." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595003420023716.
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Hines, Dana Darnell. "Social patterns and pathways of HIV care among HIV-positive transgender women." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/7386.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Transgender women have the highest HIV prevalence rates of all gender and sexual minorities, yet are less likely to enter and be retained in HIV care. As a result, they are at high risk for HIV-related morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to describe the illness career of transgender women living with HIV and to describe how interactions with health care providers and important others influenced their illness trajectory. The findings are a theoretical model that includes four stages: Having the world come crashing down, shutting out the world, living in a dark world, and reconstructing the world. Relationships within the social network (family, friends, and romantic partners) and the network of health care providers provided the context of the women's illness careers. Pivotal moments marked movement from one phase to the next. Having the World Crashing Down was the first stage that occurred when the participants were diagnosed with HIV. They felt that their lives as they knew them had been destroyed. They indicated that the "whole world just shattered" the moment they found out they had HIV. Shutting Out the World occurred next. During this stage, many participants experienced withdrawal, denial, social isolation and loneliness. As they struggled with their diagnosis, they often avoided HIV care and avoided contact with important others. During the third stage, Living in a Dark World, participants descended into a dark phase of self-destructive life and health-threatening behaviors following their diagnosis. During the fourth stage, Reconstructing the World, participants began to reestablish themselves in the world and found new ways to reengage with important others and resume meaningful life activities. Findings confirm that the illness careers of HIV-positive transgender women are influenced by the social context of the health care setting and interactions with health care providers and important others.
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Merryfeather, Lyn. "Stories of women who support trans men: An autoethnographic voyage." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5439.
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“The only true voyage…would be not to visit strange lands but to possess other eyes, to see the universe through the eyes of another, of a hundred others, to behold the hundred universes that each of them sees, that each of them is…” (Proust, 2003, p. 343). This wonderful quote from Proust seems like a fitting place to begin because I wish to take you on an autoethnographic journey of discovery so that you can see for yourself what it was like for the participants and me as we found ourselves in strange and sometimes frightening territory. We realized that we were, sometimes unexpectedly, in positions of support to our friends or lovers who were uncomfortable with the sex they were assigned at birth. Most of us would describe ourselves as lesbian and, when our partners began to explore the possibility of sex reassignment, struggled with our established identity.
My friend Christopher was the inspiration for this exploration. We were domestic partners before and during his early transition from female to male. Both Christopher and I were public figures in the small town in which we lived and our lives were somewhat on display. Christopher founded an organization called Trans Connect to provide support to those who present their gender in alternate ways and to provide education to service providers as well as to schools with regard to transgender issues and is well known in that town as well as in the larger gender diverse community as a trans man. Because of this, he has agreed to waive anonymity.
The body of this work includes the entire texts of three papers I have written during the course of my studies as I navigated the path to this research. All of these papers have been published in peer-reviewed journals. I have used these papers to illustrate my autoethnographic journey toward the discovery of diverse gender presentations, to describe the state of knowledge in the discipline of nursing regarding this issue, and to demonstrate how autoethnography works. The centre of the work is the novel I have written based upon the stories the participants and I have shared with one another. The novel is written in everyday language and aims to show, rather than tell, the stories of ten women who love and support trans men. In many parts of the dissertation I have used dialogue, both internal as well as conversation among created characters, as a way to bring to life concepts under discussion. This is in keeping with an autoethnographic style.
The dissertation is organized into three parts. Part one is a description of the process and methods I undertook in order to arrive at the novel. It consists of eight chapters that are placed in a more or less linear way, although the process was not at all linear, from the beginning of my exploration, to a discussion of the overall voyage. Part two consists of the novel, which is the story of experiences of women living with trans men during their transition or consideration of transition, disguised as having been experienced by fictional characters. Part three contains four chapters that are the analysis, a description of how I managed the information gathered, a discussion of evaluation for such a work as this, and some consideration as to the distribution and future for the study.
My research questions were:
• What is it like to be in loving relationship with an FTM during and after some of his transition?
• What are the effects on the relationship for the female partner during this time?
• What happens to the supportive partner’s ideas of her own identity?
• Does the balance of power shift during this transition, and if so, how?
The novel poignantly addresses all these questions. To be in a loving relationship with a trans man in the early stages of transition can be very challenging, and for the participants and me, often ended in a breakdown of the relationship. It can be a difficult time for women supporters because their adjustments and struggles with identity and sense of self and community are frequently overshadowed by the enormity, and for some, curiosity of sex reassignment. Often the relationship shifts from egalitarian to one that resembles more of a male-female binary where the male exerts power over his partner. Half of the participants in this study said they would not enter into another relationship with a trans man. That leaves the other half who said they would. The novel might serve as a help to those considering such a relationship as well as to those already walking the sometimes slippery, sometimes exhilarating road of partnership with a trans man. There are no easy answers to these questions. My aim is to reveal a glimpse into the lives of people about whom not much is known.Graduate
2015-06-05
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merryfeather@shaw.ca
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Leach, Timothy. "Human Rights of People Living with HIV, Men with Diverse Sexualities and Transgender Women in PNG." Phd thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/241658.
Full textAbstract:
My thesis is an exploration of how human rights are understood and experienced by Papua New Guinean people living with HIV, men with diverse sexualities and transgender women. I examine the emergence and progress of two organisations established by these communities: Igat Hope and Kapul Champions. I consider the ways these organisations have, while still pursuing their missions to limit the impacts of HIV on their members and all Papua New Guineans, been used to help promote the human rights of constituents. Through this examination, I reflect on my own history with these organisations and the community movements which have built them, and on my roles as advocate and researcher.
I find that the human rights of people with HIV, men with diverse sexualities and trans women in PNG are regularly violated across many areas of life. I find these communities have an understanding of human rights and that they support their promotion, particularly rights analyses that recognise the value they place on community connection and that emphasise their inclusion. I see human rights in PNG as a dynamic space, with an indigenisation of the rights framework that will facilitate its application. I find both Igat Hope and Kapul Champions to have significant records of achievement, including in human rights. I also find a way to be comfortable in my multiple roles, suggesting some ways in which my research might support local advocacy efforts.
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Bell, Kathryn Anne. "Risk and Protective Factors of Disordered Eating in Gay Men, Lesbian Women, and Transgender and Nonconforming Adults." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144665.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence of eating
disorder (ED) attitudes and behaviours between gay men, lesbian
women, and transgender and nonconforming (TGNC) adults. The study
further sought to identify and compare the risk and protective
factors, and examined a mediational model based on the
interpersonal theory of eating disorders, whereby the association
between interpersonal factors and disordered eating would be
mediated by psychological constructs pertaining to the self and
negative affect.
Method: Data was obtained from a larger national study of health
risk and protective factors among sexual minority and gender
diverse populations. The present study included 97 gay men, 82
lesbian women, and 138 TGNC adults. Participants completed the
Eating Disorders Screen for Primary Care, Patient Health
Questionnaire Depression scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7
scale, Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, Negative Social Exchange
subscale of the Multidimensional Health Profile, Interpersonal
Needs Questionnaire, and Perceived Stigma Scale.
Results: There was a significant difference between groups in
possible ED caseness, with the lowest prevalence in gay men
(47.6%) and the highest prevalence in lesbian women (66.7%).
There was a low prevalence of inappropriate compensatory
behaviours (self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse or diet pill
use), with no significant difference in prevalence between
groups. There was a significant difference between groups in
weight-based self-worth, with the lowest prevalence in gay men
(63%) and the highest prevalence in lesbian women (82%), and
satisfaction with eating patterns, with the lowest prevalence in
TGNC adults (30.2%) and highest prevalence in gay men (52.3%).
Logistic regression analyses showed that possible ED caseness in
gay men was predicted by depression, perceived stigma, and
self-compassion; in lesbian women by depression; and in the TGNC
group by self-compassion. Mediation analyses showed that thwarted
belongingness and perceived stigma had an indirect relationship
with possible ED caseness that was mediated by self-compassion
and depression (for perceived stigma alone) in gay men,
depression in lesbian women and self-compassion in TGNC adults.
Discussion: The interpersonal theory of eating disorders
partially extends to sexual minority and gender diverse
populations, however, the results suggest that theoretical models
and treatment programs need to be extended to include the role of
stigma and self-compassion.