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Journal articles on the topic 'Transient electromagnetic fields'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Zhdanov, M. S., M. A. Frenkel, and A. I. Katsevich. "Interpolation method for transient electromagnetic fields." Il Nuovo Cimento C 12, no. 5 (September 1989): 555–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02508015.

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2

Grcev, L. D., and F. E. Menter. "Transient electromagnetic fields near large earthing systems." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 32, no. 3 (May 1996): 1525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.497540.

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3

Skotte, JH. "Exposure to high-frequency transient electromagnetic fields." Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 22, no. 1 (February 1996): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.107.

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4

Hoole, P. Ratnamahilan P., and S. Ratnajeevan H. Hoole. "Computing transient electromagnetic fields radiated from lightning." Journal of Applied Physics 61, no. 8 (April 15, 1987): 3473–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338760.

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5

Dariescu, Marina-Aura, Ciprian Dariescu, and Ovidiu Buhucianu. "Charged Scalars in Transient Stellar Electromagnetic Fields." Chinese Physics Letters 28, no. 1 (January 2011): 010303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/28/1/010303.

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6

de Hoop, Adrianus T., Michael L. Oristaglio, Tarek M. Habashy, and Carlos Torres-Verdin. "Asymptotic ray theory for transient diffusive electromagnetic fields." Radio Science 31, no. 1 (January 1996): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95rs02593.

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7

Wait, James R., and I. R. Qureshi. "Transient Electromagnetic Fields for a Polarized Conductive Sheet." Exploration Geophysics 20, no. 4 (September 1989): 487–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg989487.

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8

Tzeng, Jerome T., and Kou-Ta Hsieh. "Electromagnetic analysis of composite structures subjected to transient magnetic fields." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 6 (August 9, 2019): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319868005.

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When carbon composites are exposed to a transient electromagnetic field, a rapid temperature increase can be observed due to joule heating from magnetic induction. The electromagnetic induction heating and heat transfer in the composite are anisotropic and concentrated upon the carbon fiber orientation and distribution. In addition, the strength and frequency of transient electromagnetic fields have great influence on the final quality of the composite. A computational model has been developed by solving coupled Maxwell’s and heat transfer equations. The analysis accounts for the three-dimensional transient electromagnetic field and electrical conductivity of the composite material. This paper will illustrate the derived formulation and numerical solution based on finite element methods. The developed code is validated with a 2D closed-form solution. Numerical simulations of a cylinder and a flat laminated plate are conducted to illustrate the computational capability. The induction heating for composite manufacture is also discussed for current Army’s applications.

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9

Swidinsky, Andrei, and Misac Nabighian. "Transient electromagnetic fields of a buried horizontal magnetic dipole." GEOPHYSICS 81, no. 6 (November 1, 2016): E481—E491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0136.1.

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Electromagnetic surveys using a vertical transmitter loop are common in land, marine, and airborne geophysical exploration. Most of these horizontal magnetic dipole (HMD) systems operate in the frequency domain, measuring the time derivative of the induced magnetic fields, and therefore a majority of studies have focused on this subset of field measurements. We examine the time-domain electromagnetic response of a HMD including the electric fields and corresponding smoke rings produced in a conductive half-space. Cases of a dipole at the surface and buried within the earth are considered. Results indicate that when the current in the transmitter is rapidly switched off, a single smoke ring is produced within the plane of the vertical transmitter loop, which is then distorted by the air-earth interface. In this situation, the circular smoke ring, which would normally diffuse symmetrically away from the source in a whole space, is approximately transformed into an ellipse, with a vertical major axis at an early time and a horizontal major axis at a late time. As measured from the location of the transmitter, the depth of investigation and lateral footprint of such a system increases with burial depth. It is also observed that the electric field measured in the direction of the magnetic dipole only contains a secondary response related to the charge accumulation on any horizontal conductivity boundaries because the primary field is always absent. This field component can be expressed analytically in terms of a static and time-varying field, the latter term adding spatial complexity to the total horizontal electric field at the earth surface at early times. Applications of this theoretical study include the design of time-domain induction-logging tools, crossborehole electromagnetic surveys, underground mine expansion work, mine rescue procedures, and novel marine electromagnetic experiments.

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10

Ignetik, Rainer. "Asymptotic representation of transient electromagnetic fields in geophysical prospecting." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 47, no. 3 (June 1993): 523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700015343.

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11

Müller, H. U., H. Scholz, N. Puhlmann, O. Portugall, M. Barczewski, I. Stolpe, and M. von Ortenberg. "High sensitivity data acquisition during strong transient electromagnetic fields." Physica B: Condensed Matter 246-247 (May 1998): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(97)00934-4.

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12

Felsen, Leopold B. "Radiation and scattering of transient electromagnetic fields (invited paper)." International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields 5, no. 3 (August 1992): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnm.1660050305.

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13

YAN, Shu, Ming-Sheng CHEN, and Jun-Mei FU. "Direct Time-Domain Numerical Analysis for Transient Electromagnetic Fields." Chinese Journal of Geophysics 45, no. 2 (March 2002): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjg2.240.

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14

Freund, Isaac. "Transient electromagnetic singularities in random three-dimensional optical fields." Optics Letters 46, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 3789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.432953.

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15

Xue, Junjie, Jiulong Cheng, Guoqiang Xue, Hai Li, Dongyang Hou, Hua-Sen Zhong, Kangxin Lei, and Xiu Li. "Extracting Pseudo Wave Fields from Transient Electromagnetic Fields Using a Weighting Coefficients Approach." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 24, no. 3 (September 2019): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg24.3.351.

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The diffusive electromagnetic field can be transformed into the wave domain by means of mathematical conversion. The transformed field can then be interpreted with the tools in seismic data processing so that the identification to the underground targets can be effectively improved. However, the conversion is typically an ill-posed problem that needs to be solved using regularization tools. Based on the conventional regularization with smooth constraints in the L2 norm, the inversion result is of low resolution, while that obtained using truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) methods is typically accurate, but has poor stability. To obtain a stable and accurate transformed electromagnetic field value, this study proposed to combine conventional regularization tools and singular value decomposition algorithms by incorporating a set of weighting coefficients. The proposed method is validated on both synthetic and observed data. The results from the proposed method are more accurate at the early time, and at the late time are more stable compared with the other methods. Furthermore, the example of field data shows that the proposed method could potentially further improve the interpretation accuracy of future mining explorations.

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16

Poljak, Dragan. "POSTPROCESSING OF THE HUMAN BODY RESPONSE TO TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 49 (2004): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier04040902.

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17

Dumin, Oleksandr M., O. O. Dumina, and Victor A. Katrich. "EVOLUTION OF TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN RADIALLY INHOMOGENEOUS NONSTATIONARY MEDIUM." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 103 (2010): 403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier10011909.

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18

Rikte, Sten. "Reconstruction of bi-isotropic material parameters using transient electromagnetic fields." Wave Motion 28, no. 1 (July 1998): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2125(97)00065-6.

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19

Wang, Yizhe, Bin Gao, Guiyun Tian, W. L. Woo, and Yunqi Miao. "Diffusion and separation mechanism of transient electromagnetic and thermal fields." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 102 (April 2016): 308–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.11.016.

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20

Mezoued, S., B. Nekhoul, D. Poljak, K. El Khamlichi Drissi, and K. Kerroum. "Human exposure to transient electromagnetic fields using simplified body models." Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 34, no. 1 (January 2010): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2009.07.013.

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21

Li, He, Zhipeng Qi, Xiu Li, and Yingying Zhang. "Numerical modelling analysis of multi-source semi-airborne TEM systems using a TFEM." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 17, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxz119.

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Abstract Traditional transient electromagnetic methods use single sources for excitation and extract the characteristics of underground media by improving interpretation technology. This study focused the improvements of transient electromagnetic interpretation using complex source technology. A time-domain vector finite element method (TFEM) was applied on three-dimensional forward modelling of semi-airborne transient electromagnetic (TEM) with multiple electrical sources, and it analysed the characteristics of fields with multiple sources. The study used a model of an isolated anomalous body in a homogeneous medium as an example. The effects of different combinations of excitation sources on the distributions of the magnetic field characteristics were analysed. Numerical results showed that the magnetic field components in a specific area could be strengthened by changing the layout of the sources, which was significant for future field data collections. By comparing the transient electromagnetic fields of the vertical array dipole sources with that of the loop source, the anomaly transient electromagnetic field of multi-source was more obvious than the field with a single source. Taking a complex orebody model as an example, a cross-electric source was used to calculate the magnetic field components of the semi-airborne TEM method. The resistivity distribution characteristics of the underground medium were obtained using an apparent resistivity interpretation method of the vertical magnetic field, which fully demonstrated that a multi-source transient electromagnetic system had the ability to determine abundant resistivity information of a complex medium.

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22

LIU, YING, and CHI XIE. "IMAGE RECOVERY OF TRANSIENT VOLTAGE BASED ON REAL-TIME MONITORING." Modern Physics Letters B 22, no. 05 (February 20, 2008): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984908014821.

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In modern high-energy physics, a powerful electromagnetic field must be supplied for some elementary particles to be accelerated by passing through the region of high-energy physics fields. The electric current and high voltage producing the powerful electromagnetic field are very important to high-energy accelerators, but the insulation of electromagnetic coils in the accelerators suffers from electric damage under powerful electricity. Epecially, it may be stricken by transient overvoltage from the a.c. generator or electric network at any time. For the insulation problem of electromagnetic coils in the accelerator stricken by transient overvoltage, based on real-time monitoring and virtual image technique, the image recovery of transient voltage and the insulation safety of electromagnetic coils in the accelerator can be analyzed and predicted on-line.

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23

Christensen, Niels B. "Sensitivity functions of transient electromagnetic methods." GEOPHYSICS 79, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): E167—E182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0364.1.

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Any geophysical measurement is a filter through which the distribution of a certain physical parameter in the subsurface is seen, and the sensitivity function is a characteristic of the method that reveals the nature of this filter. Insight into the structural pattern of the sensitivity function pertaining to a certain transmitter-receiver configuration provides the geophysicist with an image that allows an immediate qualitative understanding of the characteristics of the method. The assets and shortcomings of different measuring configurations can be discussed and understood, and the sensitivity function permits qualified predictions about resolution characteristics of new configurations and measuring strategies. I evaluated a rapid and accurate method for calculating 3D sensitivity functions of a homogeneous half-space model for a wide variety of transient electromagnetic configurations using the central loop and an airborne offset loop configuration as examples. Computations of 3D sensitivity functions were performed as convolutions in the time domain between the electric fields from the transmitter and the receiver, had it been used as a transmitter. The 2D and 1D sensitivity functions are found through numerical integration of the 3D functions. Beside offering insight into the resolution capability of the measuring configuration, the sensitivity functions lend themselves to rapid calculations of approximate responses and derivatives in various modeling and inversion strategies.

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24

Karch, C., and Karl Roll. "Transient Simulation of Electromagnetic Forming of Aluminium Tubes." Advanced Materials Research 6-8 (May 2005): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.6-8.639.

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The recent push to use more aluminium in automobiles has stimulated interest in understanding electromagnetic forming (EMF), which uses induced electromagnetic fields to generate high strain rates during the forming process. The high strain rates increase the formability of aluminum materials and might reduce elastic spring-back and wrinkling of the workpiece. Primary emphasis is placed on including of all relevant physical phenomena, which govern the process, as well as their numerical representation by means of simplified electrical equivalent circuits for the EMF machine and fully coupled field approach of the transient electromagnetic and mechanical phenomena. Moreover, the thermal effects due to Joule heating by eddy currents and plastic work are considered. The numerical model predicts the electromagnetic field, temperature, stress, and deformation properties that occur during the forming process. The numerical results of the tube deformation are compared with available experimental data.

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25

Herlemann, H., and M. Koch. "Measurement of the transient shielding effectiveness of enclosures using UWB pulses inside an open TEM waveguide." Advances in Radio Science 5 (June 12, 2007): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-5-75-2007.

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Abstract. Recently, new definitions of shielding effectiveness (SE) for high-frequency and transient electromagnetic fields were introduced by Klinkenbusch (2005). Numerical results were shown for closed as well as for non closed cylindrical shields. In the present work, a measurement procedure is introduced using ultra wideband (UWB) electromagnetic field pulses. The procedure provides a quick way to determine the transient shielding effectiveness of an enclosure without performing time consuming frequency domain measurements. For demonstration, a cylindrical enclosure made of conductive textile is examined. The field pulses are generated inside an open TEM-waveguide. From the measurement of the transient electric and magnetic fields with and without the shield in place, the electric and magnetic shielding effectiveness of the shielding material as well as the transient shielding effectiveness of the enclosure are derived.

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26

Ito, Ryota, and Masao Masugi. "Study on Effects of Transient Electromagnetic Fields on Growth of Broccoli." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 134, no. 3 (2014): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.134.134.

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27

Ito, Ryota, and Masao Masugi. "Analysis of Bioelectric Potential Responses of Plants to Transient Electromagnetic Fields." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 134, no. 6 (2014): 434–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.134.434.

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28

Yoshida, Kyohei, and Masao Masugi. "Analysis of Bioelectric Potential Responses of Bulbs to Transient Electromagnetic Fields." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 138, no. 3 (2018): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.138.113.

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29

Antyufeyeva, Mariya S., Alexander Yu Butrym, and Oleg A. Tretyakov. "TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN A CAVITY WITH DISPERSIVE DOUBLE NEGATIVE MEDIUM." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 8 (2009): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm09062307.

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30

Cooray, Vernon, M. Fernando, T. Sörensen, Thomas Götschl, and Aa Pedersen. "Propagation of lightning generated transient electromagnetic fields over finitely conducting ground." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 62, no. 7 (May 2000): 583–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6826(00)00008-0.

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31

Giri, D. V., and Carl E. Baum. "AIRBORNE PLATFORM FOR MEASUREMENT OF TRANSIENT OR BROADBAND CW ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS." Electromagnetics 9, no. 1 (January 1989): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726348908915228.

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32

Georgieva, N., Zhizhang Chen, and Prakash Bhartia. "Analysis of transient electromagnetic fields based on the vector potential function." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 35, no. 3 (May 1999): 1410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.767228.

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33

Ari, N., and W. Blumer. "Transient Electromagnetic Fields Due to Switching Operations in Electric Power Systems." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC-29, no. 3 (August 1987): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.1987.304373.

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34

Um, Evan Schankee, Michael Commer, Gregory A. Newman, and G. Michael Hoversten. "Finite element modelling of transient electromagnetic fields near steel-cased wells." Geophysical Journal International 202, no. 2 (June 4, 2015): 901–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv193.

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35

Zhou, Lei, LiangJun Yan, Osborne Kachaje, Xingbing Xie, Yurong Mao, and Haoran Zhang. "The Simulation of Transient Electromagnetic Based on Time-domain IP Model." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 24, no. 1 (March 2019): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg24.1.159.

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When transient electromagnetic investigation methods are carried out in the field, the measured data often contain both the induced polarization (IP) effect and the electromagnetic effect. In order to study the IP effect in the transient electromagnetic response, many researchers first calculate the electromagnetic field which considers the IP effect by replacing traditional resistivity with complex resistivity of the Cole-Cole model in the frequency domain. After the forward modeling calculation of the electromagnetic field in the frequency domain that considers the IP effect, the transient electromagnetic field in time-domain is obtained by a time-frequency transform algorithm. In this paper, the resistivity is directly replaced by the time-variant resistivity expression of the Cole-Cole model by using digital filter algorithms when we simulate the transient electromagnetic fields in time- domain. The calculated result of the Cole-Cole model in time-domain and in frequency-domain are consistent with each other, as observed in the horizontal electric field and the vertical magnetic field comparisons, which indicates the correctness of the numerical computation method adopted in this paper. The research presented herein allows us to observe the influence of the IP effect on transient electromagnetic field as well as study the mechanisms of IP directly.

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36

Olsen, Kim Bak, and Gerald W. Hohmann. "Adaptive noise cancellation for time‐domain EM data." GEOPHYSICS 57, no. 3 (March 1992): 466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443260.

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A typical time‐domain electromagnetic (TDEM) survey is carried out by recording the transient response of the target area due to currents induced by the abrupt turnoff of the current in a large ungrounded loop at the surface. The depth of exploration is controlled by the strength of the transient signal at late times, when the natural fields become comparable in amplitude to the controlled‐source response (Spies, 1989). Nichols et al. (1988) claim that it should be possible to reduce the natural magnetic fields in controlled source electromagnetic data by 40–60 dB because the fields are coherent over large distances, thus reducing the needed transmitter power and averaging time dramatically. This study tests a method using adaptive filtering of remotely measured magnetic fields to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio for the late‐time response.

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37

Kochetov, Bogdan A., and Alexander Yu Butrym. "AXIALLY SYMMETRIC TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN A RADIALLY INHOMOGENEOUS BICONICAL TRANSMISSION LINE." Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 48 (2013): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierb13011305.

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38

Remis, R. F., and P. M. van den Berg. "Efficient computation of transient diffusive electromagnetic fields by a reduced modeling technique." Radio Science 33, no. 2 (March 1998): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97rs03693.

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39

Karlsson, Anders, Henrik Otterheim, and Rodney Stewart. "Electromagnetic fields in an inhomogeneous plasma from obliquely incident transient plane waves." Radio Science 28, no. 3 (May 1993): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92rs01257.

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40

Celozzi, S., and M. Feliziani. "Analysis of fast transient electromagnetic fields: a frequency dependent 2-D procedure." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 28, no. 2 (March 1992): 1146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.123887.

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41

Goto, Keiji, Kazutoshi Yukutake, and Toyohiko Ishihara. "Asymptotic analysis of transient electromagnetic fields in a semicylindrical concave conducting boundary." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 78, no. 1 (January 1995): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410780110.

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42

Birsan, Marius. "Low-frequency transient(time domain) electromagnetic fields propagating in a marine environment." International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields 17, no. 3 (April 22, 2004): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnm.537.

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43

Musa, Bukar Umar, Wah Hoon Siew, and Martin D. Judd. "Computation of Transient Electromagnetic Fields Due to Switching in High-Voltage Substations." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 25, no. 2 (April 2010): 1154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2009.2034008.

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44

Borghesi, M., A. Schiavi, D. H. Campbell, M. G. Haines, O. Willi, A. J. Mackinnon, P. Patel, M. Galimberti, and L. A. Gizzi. "Proton imaging detection of transient electromagnetic fields in laser-plasma interactions (invited)." Review of Scientific Instruments 74, no. 3 (March 2003): 1688–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1534390.

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45

Fridén, Jonas. "Inverse scattering for the homogeneous dispersive anisotropic slab using transient electromagnetic fields." Wave Motion 23, no. 4 (June 1996): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-2125(95)00048-8.

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46

Hergert, Germann, Andreas Wöste, Jan Vogelsang, Thomas Quenzel, Dong Wang, Petra Gross, and Christoph Lienau. "Probing Transient Localized Electromagnetic Fields Using Low-Energy Point-Projection Electron Microscopy." ACS Photonics 8, no. 9 (August 11, 2021): 2573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00775.

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47

Erofeenko, V. Т. "Mathematical model of penetration of cylindrical electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry through the plane screen from permalloy." Informatics 17, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37661/1816-0301-2020-17-2-103-119.

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The method for solving the boundary-value problem of penetration of monochromatic electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry through the plane screen made from the permalloy is developed. The boundary-value problem is based on the use of differential Maxwell equations and complementary nonlinear differential equation for the field of magnetization, characterizing the permalloy. Classical boundary conditions of continuity of the tangential components of the fields and complementary boundary conditions for the field of magnetization on the face surfaces of the shield are used. For solution simplification of the boundary-value problem as a result of exclusion value the entering in nonlinear equation second-order infinitesimal, nonlinear task is transformed into linear task. Roots (wave numbers) of a dispersion algebraic equations of four order, which characterizing electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry in layer made from the permalloy, is constructed. The sequences of four forward and four backward counter-propagating electromagnetic waves with axial symmetry in the layer of permalloy is formed. Two-sided boundary conditions connecting electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry on both sides of the screen is constructed. The amplitudes of reflected and transient through the shield electromagnetic fields are calculated.

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48

Cao, Rong Gang, and Xiang Cai Xu. "A Small-Sized and Battery-Supplied Data Acquisition System for the Electromagnetic Launcher to Measure Pulsed Magnetic Fields." Applied Mechanics and Materials 870 (September 2017): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.870.85.

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In rail-gun launchers, the main current is pulsed and can reach up to several MA. The width of the pulse is about 2 - 4ms. When pulsed currents are supplied from the pulse power, it will generate a large transient magnetic field around the armature. Meanwhile, the armature will be accelerated up to 2km/s by a large electromagnetic force. In order to research the features of the fields around contact surfaces between rails and the armature, it needs to use a small-sized and battery-supplied data acquisition system to measure pulsed magnetic fields. The B-dot probe acts as a sensor to acquire the transient magnetic fields. All data will be stored in a SD card. The armature and SD card will be caught and fetched back after the launching. The system would be suitable and useful for the electromagnetic launcher design.

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49

Tao, Fan, Qi Zhipeng, Yan Bin, Zhao Zhao, Wang Bingchun, Shi Xianxin, Liu Lei, et al. "Full Waveform Inversions of Borehole Transient Electromagnetic Virtual Wave Fields and Potential Applications." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 25, no. 2 (June 2020): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg19-065.

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The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) for boreholes uses fixed source loops to launch at excavation faces, and is able to realize the mobile reception of secondary fields in the boreholes and detections of low-resistance hazards. This method is known as high detection accuracy, due to the fact that the receiving points are close to the anomalies. However, the interpretation method for this device has not yet been perfected. The present study's goal was to realize the interpretations of boreholes TEM based on inverse transform algorithms of the TEM wave-fields and full waveform inversions. It was found that under the conditions of transient electromagnetic virtual wave-fields, the characteristics of the virtual wave-field time-distance curves of the two-dimensional device could be examined, and a corresponding dynamic correction algorithm was successfully obtained. The wave-field velocities were analyzed using an equivalent conductive plane method. Additionally, the pseudo-seismic inversions of the tunnel-borehole TEM data were realized using full waveform inversion technology. Then, the inversion results of the three-dimensional numerical simulations, flume physical simulations, and downhole field simulations were calculated. It was observed that good imaging results had been obtained for small-scale borehole radial anomalies. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the engineering practices in an underground coal mine in Shanxi Province. The practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method in the fine detection of the properties, forms, and scale of water-logged goaf roadways were successfully tested in the field. The research results indicated that the roadway-borehole transient electromagnetic detection method was complementary to the underground geophysical exploration and drilling, and could be effectively applied in the detection of water-logged goaf roadways.

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50

Hördt, Andreas, and Carsten Scholl. "The effect of local distortions on time‐domain electromagnetic measurements." GEOPHYSICS 69, no. 1 (January 2004): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1649378.

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Abstract:

Based on the time‐domain integral equation, we derive expressions for the effect of an anomalous body close to the receiver or close to the transmitter on transient electromagnetic measurements. Similar to magnetotellurics, the distortion of electric fields at late times can be described by a constant distortion tensor relating the secondary electric field to the primary field components that would be obtained in the absence of the body. The distortion of a single electric field transient is a static shift only for particular configurations over a layered half‐space. In the general case, the perturbation is time dependent because the direction of the total electric field vector varies with time. The theory nicely explains spatial variations in electric field transients measured during a high‐redundancy long‐offset transient electromagnetics (LOTEM) survey over an underground gas storage site. An inversion example with synthetic data illustrates how distortion can be corrected. The elements of the distortion tensor are determined simultaneously with the model parameters. Ambiguity is reduced by a regularization of the distortion parameters. In the example, the background model is recovered well, even for the difficult case where only one transmitter is used. The distortion of the magnetic field time derivatives caused by bodies close to the receiver is proportional to the time derivative of the primary electric step response. The distortion is generally not limited to early times and cannot be neglected in general. Transmitter overprint effects resulting in static shifts of vertical magnetic field time derivatives may also be understood from the theory.

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