Academic literature on the topic 'Transition Debate'
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Journal articles on the topic "Transition Debate"
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Rutar, Tibor. "The Transition Debate Today." Historical Materialism 26, no. 3 (2018): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-00001701.
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AbstractSpencer Dimmock has produced a convincing restatement, defence and update of Robert Brenner’s influential work on the origin of capitalism in England. The book productively engages with many Marxist and non-Marxist critics of the so-called ‘Brenner Thesis’, and presents fresh secondary and primary evidence in favour of it. This review sketches the theoretical background of Brenner’s intervention, summarises Dimmock’s take on Brenner, and comments on a few notable contemporary critiques of Brenner’s general framework which are not explicitly engaged with by Dimmock.
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ORENSTEIN, MITCHELL A. "Transition Economics: The Debate Continues." Russian Review 80, no. 1 (2021): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/russ.12302.
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Ibrahim, Jibrin. "Political Transition, Ethnoregionalism, and the “Power Shift” Debate in Nigeria." Issue 27, no. 1 (1999): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700503047.
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The Nigerian military has been engaged in a program of transition to democratic rule since 1985. The country’s military rulers developed “transition politics” into a strategy of transitions without end, a ruse to prevent democratization. Hopefully, Nigeria is now at the crossroads. One of the most important issues posed in the transition has been the ethnoregional one: Would entrenched ethnoregional forces allow political power to shift from the North to the South? It is not a new question in Nigerian transition politics.Two broad issues surface when ethnoregional domination emerges as a political issue in Nigeria: control of political power and its instruments, such as the armed forces and the judiciary; and control of economic power and resources.
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Blackburn, Robin. "Revisiting the Transition to Capitalism Debate." Almanack, no. 17 (December 2017): 465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-463320171713.
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Mauger, Romain. "Promoting Public Participation in the Energy Transition: The Case of France's National Debate." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 22 (March 18, 2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a4290.
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In an energy transitions era, the citizens tend to be increasingly considered as actors of the energy system. This situation reinforces in turn the importance of public participation processes into energy policy or legislation design. In 2012-2013, a significant public participation process in the field of energy policy was organised in France, named National Debate on the Energy Transition. From the beginning, it was proclaimed that its results would be integrated into a flagship energy transition act, which did happen with the adoption of the Energy Transition for Green Growth Act of 2015. This paper provides an overview of the organisation of this public debate and of the integration of its outcome into the Energy Transition Act. The experience of France can serve for other countries engaged in a process of transition towards a more sustainable society and especially towards a massive change of their energy mix. It addresses the successes as well as the failures of the French case and provides some key learning points to enhance the public participation into the Law-making process concerning the energy transition.
 
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Majumdar, Sayonee. "Disinterring the Transition Debate in Maoist China." Arthaniti: Journal of Economic Theory and Practice 17, no. 1 (2018): 83–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976747918776387.
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This article tries to extricate the rationale behind China’s transition debate in the Maoist era (1949–1978). Using a re-casted theory of historical materialism (HM) to posit the shared ground of engagement of Chinese Marxists, I unpack the emergence of two competing development strategies for socialist transition, one which foregrounds forces of production (FOP) as the prime mover of this transition and the other class struggle to change relations of production (ROP) as the determining factor. I conclude by briefly discussing the shift from Mao Tse-tung to Deng Xiaoping’s era as a resolution of the development strategy in favour of the development of FOP as the key to China’s socialist transition.
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Szelenyi, Ivan, and Eric Kostello. "The Market Transition Debate: Toward a Synthesis?" American Journal of Sociology 101, no. 4 (1996): 1082–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/230791.
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Koistinen, Katariina, and Satu Teerikangas. "The Debate If Agents Matter vs. the System Matters in Sustainability Transitions—A Review of the Literature." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052821.
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Transition studies is a growing discipline for addressing sustainability challenges. Traditionally, its focus has been at the system level. However, addressing sustainability challenges also requires attending to the role of agents in sustainability transitions. This is the focus adopted in this paper. We review the literature on agency in sustainability transitions, based on 77 journal articles on sustainability transitions listed in Scopus from 2014 to 2018. We find that agency is increasingly explored in the sustainability transitions literature. Despite this growing interest, this body of knowledge remains scattered in regard to typologies or theoretical framings. Our review leads us to identify three recurring themes. One theme drew our attention in particular: the transition research community is divided into those who argue that agency is sufficiently embedded in the transition literature and those who oppose this argument. Going forward, the dynamics of individual-level agency, including behaviors and motivation, deserve further attention.
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McHenry, Dean E. "The South African Debate over the Democratic Transition." African Studies Review 36, no. 2 (1993): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524735.
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El Bilali, Hamid. "Innovation-Sustainability Nexus in Agriculture Transition: Case of Agroecology." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0001.
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AbstractDifferent governments and international organizations have shown interest in agroecology as a promising pathway for transition to sustainable agriculture. However, the kinds of innovation needed for agro-ecological transition are subject to intense debate. The scale of this debate is itself an indicator of the complicated relation between innovation and sustainability in the agro-food arena and beyond. This review paper analyses the potential of agro-ecology in agricultural sustainability transitions. It also explores whether agro-ecological transition is a sustainable innovation (cf. ecological, green, open, social, responsible). Furthermore, the paper investigates the potential contribution of agro-ecological transition to sustainability, using the 3-D (Direction, Distribution and Diversity) model of the STEPS centre. Agroecology is one of the few approaches that can harmoniously combine innovation and sustainability in agriculture while promoting genuine transition to agro-food sustainability since it embraces all dimensions of sustainability (environmental, economic, social/cultural/ethical). Nevertheless, it can be taken for granted neither that all traditional practices can be classified as ‘agro-ecological’ nor that all farmer-led innovations can be included in the agro-ecological repertoire. Moreover, the relationship between the three aspirations of agroecology (science, movement and practice) needs further elaboration in order to maximise potential for agriculture transition.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transition Debate"
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Kanjanapinyowong, Natthaporn. "Le Débat National sur la Transition Énergétique en France (2013) : analyse discursive et textuelle." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0005/document.
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En raison du changement climatique, le monde doit de plus en plus faire face aux urgences environnementales. Plusieurs questions écologiques, notamment énergétiques, surgissent globalement d’une manière préoccupante et impose dans les esprits la nécessité d’une « transition énergétique » comme solution. Cette transition implique des changements économiques, politiques et sociétaux n’engagent plus la seule responsabilité gouvernementale. Et c’est au nom de ce principe que les autorités ont appelé tout à chacun à se prononcer sur ces questions lors du Débat National sur la Transition Énergétique (DNTE) en France en 2013. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est d’exposer les spécificités discursives et textuelles de ce débat national, depuis son origine jusqu’à son aboutissement présenté sous forme de synthèse. En situant dans le cadre théorique de l’analyse du discours, ce travail recourt à diverses approches : historique, communicationnelle, socio-politique et linguistique. Il entend en particulier décrire la fabrication des synthèses de ce débat et leur dimension textuelle pour à la fois rendre compte des caractéristiques propres du DNTE et son issue, laquelle devant permettre en principe au gouvernement de délibérer et décider sur des politiques à adopter<br>Due to climate change, the world is experiencing numerous environmental problems, which are in urgent need of solutions. Among the major ecological concerns being discussed globally are energy-related problems. The "energy transition" is known as an effective solution to such a situation. This implies the economic, political and societal changes that the government is no longer solely responsible for this global issue. In France, everyone is called upon to take a stand as evidenced by the National Debate on Energy Transition (DNTE) in 2013. The main objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the discursive and textual specificities of this national debate, from its origin to its completion presented in the form of synthesis. Within the theoretical framework of the French discourse analysis, this thesis combines historical, communicational, socio-political and linguistic approaches to analyze the debate. It focuses particularly on describing the production of the synthesis of this debate and their textual dimension in order to show the specific characteristics of the DNTE as well as its result which allows the government to deliberate and decide on the policies to adopt
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Özbolat, Nida Kamil Süel Akın. "The debate on the transition to flexible production:A case study on manufacturing industry in Turkey and its provinces/." s.l.]: [s.n.], 2003. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/sehirplanlama/T000275.rar.
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Vullers, Pieter. "Nature as a Political Enactment Within the Global Biodiversity Debate and a Plea for a Process-Inspired Transition Governance." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-194677.
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A revolution is brewing within global biodiversity governance as attempts to govern and to deal with biodiversity loss have not led to any substantial results. The underlying drivers of biodiversity loss keep adding to the total ecological predicament which in turn sets in motion an epistemological paradigm shift (episteme) with a call for transformative change. This shift of episteme confronts Western modern ways of thinking and challenges to leave bifurcated views of Nature behind. This leads to a shift in the great conservation debate towards a new Anthropocene conservation debate, where new discursive positions arise stressing to move beyond nature-culture dichotomies and beyond capitalism. These positions challenge the reformist and prosaic mainstream conservation regime of the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) with its tendency for rational problem-solving and incremental adjustments. Contemporary process philosophers are now also creating their own discursive niche position within academia as “Earth bound”. This study draws from this position to shed a different light on the new Anthropocene conservation debate. It outlines how a “dogmatic image of thought” and how “the fallacy of the bifurcation of Nature” have created the conditions for the underlying drivers of biodiversity loss maintaining the mainstream conservation regime. “Living in harmony with nature” and “bending the curve of biodiversity loss” prove to be useful synergetic epistemic notions to break out of the dogmatic image and to leave bifurcation behind. Process-relational thinking can help understand how transition governance can support new policies that aim to create cross-scale alignments for local action within international negotiations. Therefore, this study proposes a renewed process-inspired transition governance, which could help to find capacities that have yet remained unexercised. Based on speculative methods creating social-ecological imaginaries, these capacities can be discovered but this requires the global conservation community to see beyond the dogmatic image and bifurcation in the journey to living in harmony with nature in 2050, for which the epistemic notions of “living in harmony with nature” and “bending the curve of biodiversity loss” could turn out to be useful synergetic starting points.
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Weber, Isabella Maria. "China's escape from the 'big bang' : the 1980s price reform debate in historical perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271826.
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China’s rise and Russia’s fall shape today’s global political economy. This new great divergence originates from the different policies pursued in the transition from a command economy. Russia applied a ‘big-bang’ doctrine with rapid price liberalisation at its core. In contrast, a policy of experimentalist gradualism manifested in the dual track price system (DTPS) laid the foundations for China’s economic success. But the Chinese reform approach was highly contested in the 1980s and China came close to implementing a big bang. My dissertation sheds light on this critical crossroads by asking on what intellectual grounds China escaped a big bang in price reform; or to turn the question positively, on what intellectual grounds the DTPS was defended against the plans to implement a big bang. To derive an answer, the first part presents the broad historical and theoretical context of the 1980s Chinese price reform debate. In particular, I analyse the ancient Chinese tradition of price regulation, the US price control experience and controversies during and after the Second World War, and the Chinese Communists’ price policies in the Maoist period. Against this background, the second part conducts an in-depth study of the 1980s price reform debate drawing on more than 50 interviews with Chinese and foreign economists, previously unexplored archival evidence and a wealth of Chinese sources. I show that the DTPS emerged from bureaucratic practices and was justified by large-scale empirical research efforts conducted by young intellectuals, who had gained influence through their contribution to rural reform. In contrast, I find that the big bang reform approach was introduced to China by Eastern European émigré scholars and Western economists, and was promoted by a group of Chinese academic economists. I demonstrate how the DTPS was grounded in a pragmatic philosophy of economic policy-making deeply rooted in China’s bureaucratic tradition, which prevailed over the idealist stance underlying the panacea of a big bang.
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Misnikov, Yuri. "Public activism online in Russia : participation in web-based interactive political debate in the context of civil society development and transition to democracy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539687.
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Simão, André Luciano. "Modernização e civilização em debate: proposta(s) positivista(s), embate de ideias e ação política no Brasil ao final do século XIX." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-24102013-094949/.
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O presente trabalho analisa a obra de dois autores positivistas com atuação intelectual, política e social marcante durante os últimos anos do século XIX e primeiros anos do século XX no Brasil: Luís Pereira Barreto e Alberto Sales. Importantes representantes do positivismo paulista, tais autores, guiados por visão cientificista da realidade do país, elaboraram visão peculiar das necessidades de mudanças do país rumo à civilização e ao progresso. A hipótese trabalhada é a de que tais autores expressam, na esfera intelectual, um embate entre diferentes grupos e estratos nacionais interessados em impor à nação seu projeto de modernização, um embate pela hegemonia intelectual em momento de importante transição do país. Desta forma, trabalha-se com a ideia de que tais autores apropriam-se do discurso positivista com interesse sincero de colocar suas percepções e entendimentos em prática e alterar concretamente as condições sociais, econômicas e políticas do país. Discorda- se, deste modo, das análises que compreendem os posicionamentos intelectuais apenas como forma de reorganizar o discurso autoritário ou como modo de crítica ao governo, mais ou menos acentuada, de indivíduos distantes das esferas de poder.<br>The present study examines the work of two positivist authors with outstanding intellectual, political and social performance during the last years of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century in Brazil: Luís Pereira Barreto and Alberto Sales. Important representatives of paulista positivism, such authors, led by scientist vision of the reality of the nation, developed peculiar vision of the changing needs of the country towards progress and civilization. A crafted hypothesis is that such authors express, in the intellectual sphere, a contest between different groups and strata national interested in impose to the nation its modernization project, a contest for the intellectual hegemony in a important moment for the country\'s transition. Thus, we work with the idea that such authors appropriated from the positivist discourse with sincere interest to put their perceptions and understandings into practice and change concretely the social, economic and political of the nation. Disagree is thus of the analyzes who understand the intellectual positions only as a way of reorganize the authoritative discourse or as a form of criticism of the government, more or less pronounced, of individuals distant of the spheres of power.
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Rochera, Miravet Sergio. "Aprender a discrepar. La clave, el debate televisivo y la formación de una cultura política democrática en España (1976-1985)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666060.
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La clave (1976-85) fue el primer programa de debates en directo que hubo en España. Dirigido y presentado por José Luis Balbín, fue un programa innovador que dio voz a colectivos históricamente discriminados y permitió visibilizar las aspiraciones, las demandas y las presiones de la sociedad española.
Por primera vez en televisión se abordaron temas inéditos como la pena de muerte, las drogas, el aborto, la homosexualidad, la Iglesia, el Ejército o la guerra civil, que ayudaron a erosionar los valores sociales que el franquismo había permeabilizado en la sociedad española durante casi cuarenta años de dictadura. A lo largo de los 408 programas pasaron un total de 2.708 invitados, entre los que figuraban algunas de las personalidades más influyentes del panorama político español (Adolfo Suárez, Manuel Fraga, Santiago Carrillo, Enrique Tierno Galván, Federica Montseny, Jordi Pujol, Gil Robles, Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta…) y del ámbito internacional como Olof Palme, Neil Armstrong, Mário Soares, Truman Capote o J. K. Galbraith. Un pluralismo que conllevó un principio demoledor del franquismo: ningún invitado era acusado por sus ideas políticas.
Este trabajo parte del análisis de numerosa documentación de archivo, fuentes periodísticas, publicaciones oficiales de RTVE, y la última entrevista concedida por José Luis Balbín para defender la hipòtesis que La clave, a través de sus debates televisivos, contribuyó a la formación de una cultura política democrática en la España de la Transición.<br>La clave (1976-1985), the first live debate TV programme in Spain, directed and conducted by José Luis Balbín, was an innovative programme that gave a voice to groups of people who had historically been subjected to discrimination and (enabled the visualization of) fashioned the aspirations, sensitivities, claims and pressure of Spanish society.
For the first time, television raised unprecedented (unthinkable) issues such as death penalty, drugs, abortion, homosexuality, the Church, the Army or the Civil War, eroding the social values that Francoism had instilled in Spanish society for about forty years of dictatorship. Throughout the 408 programmes, a total of 2,708 guests, among whom there were some of the most outstanding (influential) personalities of Spanish political scene (Adolfo Suárez, Manuel Fraga, Santiago Carrillo, Enrique Tierno Galván, Federica Montseny, Jordi Pujol, Gil Robles, Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta…) and of international scope, such as Olof Palme, Neil Armstrong, Mário Soares, Truman Capote o J. K. Galbraith. Such cultural diversity and pluralism entailed a demolishing principle of Francoism: no guest was ever accused by their political ideas.
This thesis is based on the analysis of extensive archival documentation, media sources, RTVE official publications, and the last interview given by José Luis Balbín, to defend the hypothesis that La clave, throughout its TV debates, fostered a democratic political culture in the Spanish Transition.
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Vasconcelos, Francisco Thiago Rocha. "Esboço de uma sociologia política das ciências sociais contemporâneas (1968-2010): a formação do campo da segurança pública e o debate criminológico no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-13042015-171013/.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objeto a formação de uma área de pesquisas sobre crime, violência e punição nas ciências sociais contemporâneas no Brasil(1968-2010) e sua relação com a constituição de um campo da segurança públicaconvergência entre campo científico e arenas de política pública -,concebido como parte de um dispositivo de saber-poder(Foucault, 2000;2005), que se pretende alternativo ao monopólio do saber jurídico e policial no sistema de justiça criminal. Considerando a conversão da \"violência urbana\" em problema público, analisamos como no debate sobre o tema se constituem pontes entre preocupações públicas e questões científicas a partir de centros de pesquisa e de sua articulação com redes de ativismo na sociedade civil e no interior do Estado. Estivemos atentos a dois aspectos: 1) de um lado, à constituição de especialidades ou (sub)disciplinas em meio às disputas entre grupos de pesquisa por recursos burocráticos no interior de um campo científico; 2) de outro, à formação de redes de atores voltadas à legitimação política dos princípios causais, normativos e instrumentais a que estão identificados. Em, outras palavras, os cientistas sociais são analisados como atores voltados à conversão de contextos de politização em processos de disciplinarização e de estatização. Buscamos, assim, problematizar as ambiguidades do duplo papel dos pesquisadores deste campo, como construtores de padrões organizacionais de autonomia científica e como reformadores se esforçando por transformar seus saberes em práticas de governo através da profissionalização dos agentes aserviço do Estado e da formalização dos saberes a partir dos quais a administração se legitima. Trata-se, em suma, de analisar a mobilização de cientistas sociais para se legitimarem como agentes reconhecidos na disputa pela imposição de uma visão legítima do fenômeno da violência que sirva de base para o desenvolvimento de novas práticas técnico-políticas de gestão do social por parte do Estado. Observamos que o embate entre correntes políticas nas agendas de reforma dos sistemas de justiça criminal e segurança pública tensio na o campo de pesquisas entre esforços de reconfiguração crítica do modelo de Ciências Criminais integradas ao Direito Penal e um modelo de Criminologia independente, como formação profissional na área de gestão da segurança pública e justiça criminal.<br>This research analyzes the formation of an area of research on crime, violence and punishment in contemporary social sciences in Brazil (1968-2010) and its relation to the constitution of a field of public security-convergence between scientific fields and arenas of political public designed as part as knowledge-power apparatus (Foucault, 2000; 2005), which is intended alternative to the monopoly of legal and police knowledge in the criminal justice system. Whereas the conversion of \" urban violence\" in public problem, we analyze how the debate on the subject constitute bridges between public concerns and issues from scientific research centers and their coordination with networks of activism in civil society and within the state . We were aware of two aspects:1) on one hand, the establishment of specialties or (sub)disciplines amidst disputes between research groups by bureaucratic resources within a scientific field; 2) otherwise, the formation of networks of actors facing the political legitimacy of causal, instrumental and normative principles that are identified. In other words, social scientists are as actors aimed at converting contexts of politicization in processes of disciplinarisation and étatisation. We seek, therefore, to question the ambiguities of the double role of researchers in this field, as builders of organizational standards of scientific autonomy and as reformers striving to transform their knowledge in governance practices through the professional development of staff in the service of the state and formalization of knowledge from which the administration is legitimized. It is, in short, to analyze the mobilization of social scientists to legitimize themselves as agents recognized in dispute by imposing a legitimate view of the phenomenon of violence as a basis for the development of new technical practices -management policies for social the State. We observed that the clash between current policy agendas for reform of criminal justice and public safety systems tightens the field of research efforts between critical reconfiguration of Criminal Sciences Integrated Model to the Criminal Law and Criminology independent model, as professional training in management of public security and criminal justice.
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Nadarajah, Kévin. "Engager les parties prenantes à adopter une posture d’ouverture dans un débat sur la transition énergétique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20060.
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Les émissions de gaz à effets de serre d’origine anthropique sont reconnues comme l’un des principaux facteurs contribuant au réchauffement climatique. L’une des solutions mise en avant consiste à mobiliser les technologies permettant de capter une quantité significative de CO2. Or, ces projets affectant le sous-sol suscitent de plus en plus de questions de la part des parties prenantes de la société civile. Ainsi, dans ces projets les espaces de dialogue sont le théâtre de conflits qui peuvent se cristalliser et stopper net le débat. Pour que le débat favorise la compréhension mutuelle et les échanges constructifs, nous proposons d’accompagner le débat pour favoriser un engagement de chacune des parties prenantes à participer en adoptant une posture d’ouverture. Pour atteindre cet objectif, deux axes de recherches ont été mobilisé : (1) engager les parties à venir au débat en adoptant une posture d’ouverture et (2) structurer les échanges entre parties prenantes lors du débat par la création d’un contexte social favorisant la mise en place effective des comportements d’ouverture. Les résultats ont, d’une part, montré la pertinence de l’acquiescement Répété pour développer la participation et préparer les parties prenantes à adopter une posture d’ouverture et d’autre part, montré l’intérêt de la controverse coopérative pour permettre aux individus d’adopter la posture d’ouverture. Les résultats de cette thèse contribuent à la littérature sur l'accompagnement des grands projets relatifs à la transition énergétique en proposant des pistes d’analyses et d’actions pour accompagner les débats entre parties prenantes<br>Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are recognized as one of the main factors contributing to global warming. One of the solutions put forward is to mobilize technologies that will allow a significant amount of CO2 to be captured. However, these projects affecting the subsurface are raising more and more questions from civil society stakeholders. Thus, in these projects, the spaces for dialogue are the scene of conflicts that can crystallize and stop the debate dead in its tracks. In order for the debate to promote mutual understanding and constructive exchanges, we propose to accompany the debate to encourage the commitment of each of the stakeholders to participate by adopting a posture of openness. To achieve this objective, two research axes were mobilized : 1) to engage the parties to come to the debate by adopting a posture of openness and (2) to structure the exchanges between stakeholders during the debate by creating a social context that favors the effective implementation of openness behaviors. The results have shown the relevance of Repeated Acquiescence to develop participation and prepare stakeholders to adopt an open-minded attitude, and the interest of cooperative controversy to allow individuals to adopt an open-minded attitude. The results of this thesis contribute to the literature on the accompaniment of major projects related to the energy transition by proposing paths of analysis and action to accompany the debates between stakeholders
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Moskalyuk, Svitlana. "Public debt management in transition countries." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421624.
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Public debt management (PDM) in transition and other emerging countries is more complex and crucial than in developed ones. In these economies, the choice of the financial structure of the public debt is key to warrant fiscal stability because of higher volatility of macroeconomic and financial conditions. In addition, public debt dynamics exacerbate the weight of fiscal risk as a source of macroeconomic instability. This work is a contribution to the analysis of these issues; in particular, it is focussed on the optimal PDM in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries, a relatively unexplored issue in the economic literature.
This Ph.D. thesis is composed by three papers, each one corresponding to a chapter. The first one presents a brief description of the economy and public debt structure of the FSU countries since their independence, while the last two provide the optimal debt structure of Armenia and Lithuania.
Break up of the Soviet Union put the FSU republics in front of a number of issues, which they had to solve on their own. Lack of significant own resources and loss of subsidies from the consolidated budget of the USSR necessitated foreign borrowings of financial resources. In the early years of the transition the republics borrowed from the international financial institutions mainly on concessional terms, thus, external debt increased to extremely high levels. Lately, the markets for debt securities expanded significantly in order to diversify the risks and to look for a different sources of finance. But these financial markets remain undeveloped, which causes extremely difficulties to collect data on debt composition. Chapter 1 is the first attempt to describes the public debt evolution in the FSU republics since their independence, thus, represents a unique contribution to the literature.
Chapter 2, relying on a stylized set of securities and on a simple econometric model of the Armenian economy, analyzes the optimal public debt composition, balancing fiscal and financial risks and costs. Considering several alternative macroeconomic shocks hitting the economy, I find that the balance of risks and costs underlying Armenian public debt can be improved by reducing foreign-currency denominated debt (both on concessional and commercial terms), and by increasing fixed-rate bonds. Also, the analysis clearly supports the introduction of real bonds.
Chapter 3 presents a model in which PDM stabilizes the debt ratio to minimize the risk that the budget deficit exceeds the 3% limit set by the EU Stability and Growth Pact, in face of different macroeconomic and financial shocks affecting Lithuanian economy in the context of a pegged exchange rate. To minimize debt risks and costs the estimated results suggest giving priority to fixed rate securities. The model introduces inflation-indexed bonds and describes the share necessary for potential gains to the government from their issuing.<br>La gestione del debito pubblico nelle economie emergenti ed in transizione è più complessa e cruciale rispetto alle economie sviluppate. A causa della maggiore volatilità delle condizioni macroeconomiche e finanziarie tipiche di queste economie, la scelta della struttura del debito pubblico è fondamentale per garantire la stabilità fiscale. Inoltre le dinamiche del debito aumentano il peso del rischio fiscale come fonte di instabilità macroeconomica. Questo lavoro contribuisce all'analisi di questi argomenti; in particolare, focalizzandosi sull'ottimizzazione della gestione del debito pubblico nelle repubbliche ex-URRS, aspetto ancora relativamente inesplorato nella letteratura.
Questa tesi di dottorato è composta da tre articoli, ognuno dei quali corrisponde ad un capitolo. Il primo rappresenta una descrizione dell'economia e della struttura del debito pubblico delle repubbliche ex-URRS dalla loro indipendenza ad oggi, mentre gli ultimi due sono dedicati al calcolo della composizione ottimale del debito pubblico di Armenia e Lituania.
La caduta dell'Unione Sovietica ha posto le repubbliche ex-URRS di fronte a diverse difficoltà che ogni paese ha dovuto affrontare individualmente. La mancanza di risorse proprie e la perdita dei sussidi dal bilancio consolidato dell'URRS ha creato la necessità di ricorrere a prestiti dall'estero. Nei primi anni dell'indipendenza le repubbliche si sono indebitate principalmente con istituzioni finanziarie internazionali usufruendo di prestiti agevolati. Successivamente, hanno cominciato a sviluppare il mercato dei titoli di stato allo scopo di diversificare i rischi ed accedere ad altre fonti finanziarie. Ma questi mercati finanziari rimangono ancora poco sviluppati, ciò rende la raccolta dei dati sul debito pubblico difficile. Il Capitolo 1 è il primo tentativo di descrivere l'evoluzione del debito pubblico nei paesi ex-URRS dalla loro indipendenza, per cui rappresenta un contributo unico alla letteratura.
Il Capitolo 2, basandosi su un set semplificato di titoli di stato ed un modello econometrico semplificato dell'economia armena, analizza la composizione ottimale del debito pubblico della Repubblica di Armenia, bilanciando rischi e costi fiscali e finanziari. Applicando differenti shock macroeconomici all'economia Armena, emerge che il bilanciamento fra rischi e costi sottostanti il debito pubblico armeno può essere migliorato riducendo i titoli di stato denominati in valuta estera e aumentando l'emissione di titoli a tasso fisso. Inoltre, l'analisi supporta l'introduzione di titoli indicizzati all'inflazione.
Il Capitolo 3 presenta un modello in cui la gestione del debito è orientata a stabilizzare il rapporto del debito-PIL per minimizzare il rischio che il deficit ecceda il 3% (limite stabilito dal Patto Europeo di Stabilità e Crescita) nel contesto di tasso di cambio fisso considerando diversi shock che colpiscono l'economia lituana. I risultati suggeriscono di dare priorità ai titoli a tasso fisso. Per minimizzare i rischi e costi del debito, il modello introduce l'emissione di titoli indicizzati all'inflazione e descrive i possibili vantaggi per il governo dovuti alla loro emissione sul mercato.
Books on the topic "Transition Debate"
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Bank, World, ed. Anticorruption in transition: A contribution to the policy debate. World Bank, 2000.
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Balcerowicz, Leszek. Common fallacies in the debate on the economic transition in Central and Eastern Europe. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 1993.
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Auerbach, Paul. The dialectic of market and planning: A comment on the debate about feasible socialism and the transition from real existing capitalism. Kingston Polytechnic. School of Economics and Politics, 1987.
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Auerbach, Paul. The dialectic of market and planning: A acomment on the debate about feasible socialism and the transition from real existing capitalism. School of Economics and Politics, Kingston Polytechnic, 1985.
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Leon, Hurwitz, Lequesne Christian, and European Community Studies Association, eds. Poli cies, institutions & debates in the transition years. Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991.
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Scherrer, Christian P. Justice in transition and conflict prevention in Rwanda after the genocide: Debate for a national and international response : ECOR assessment and draft project proposal : to peace researchers, practitioners of conflict resolution and management ... 2nd ed. IFEK/IRECOR, 1996.
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Maia, Fábio Fernandes. Lei de anistia & justiça de transição: O redimensionamento do debate e o julgamento da ADPF 153 pelo STF. Juruá Editora, 2014.
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Roubini, Nouriel. Current account sustainability in transition economies. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.
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Flores, Jesús Silva Herzog. Beyond the crisis: Mexico and the Americas in transition. Americas Program, Stanford University, 1987.
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Ponzanesi, Sandra, Kathrin Thiele, Eva Midden, Domitilla Olivieri, and Trude Oorschot. Transities in kunst, cultuur en politiek. Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789048560110.
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In deze bundel staat de rol van kunst, cultuur en politiek bij transities en de strijd voor sociale rechtvaardigheid centraal. Soms zijn deze transities traumatische en gewelddadige processen zoals in het geval van Zuid-Afrika na de apartheid. In andere gevallen, zoals in Europa, gaat het om langdurige geschiedenissen die verband hebben met kolonialisme, de holocaust en totalitarisme. De auteurs verkennen intersectionele vraagstukken van transitie en sociale verandering in samenhang met bredere debatten over de rol van democratie, burgerschap en mensenrechten. Ze gaan daarbij een dialoog aan met het werk van feministische wetenschapper Rosemarie Buikema.
Book chapters on the topic "Transition Debate"
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Iwasaki, Ichiro, and Taku Suzuki. "Transition strategy debate." In The Economics of Transition. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429264979-2.
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Asmonti, Luca. "“From Athens to Athens”. Europe, Crisis, and Democracy: Suggestions for a Debate." In Democracy in Transition. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30068-4_8.
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Hall, Jonathan. "From the Retrospective Transition Debate to the Revolutionary Transitional Demand." In The Unfinished History of the Indebted Nation-State. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84002-9_5.
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Cox, Kevin R. "Period and Place, Capitalist Development, and the Flexible Specialization Debate." In The Transition to Flexibility. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1425-7_10.
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Groves, Tamar, Nigel Townson, Inbal Ofer, and Antonio Herrera. "Citizen Building During the Spanish Transition to Democracy: Between the Spanish Debate and the Social Movements Debate." In Social Movements and the Spanish Transition. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61836-4_6.
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Noorashid, Najib. "Transnationalism of the Malay World: Evaluating Current Research Trends in Malay Linguistics." In Asia in Transition. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3608-2_20.
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Abstract Studies on transnational relations, practices, and contexts highlight the growing importance of interactions between people in different countries. These interactions involve negotiating cultural differences, communication, and social change in the contemporary world. In the Malay World—which includes Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore—discussions about the ‘Malay vs. English’ debate are central to contemporary sociolinguistic and identity studies due to national pride, persistence, and globalisation. This chapter discusses debates on language contact involving Malay and English in the transnational context of the Malay World. The discussion is based on academic experiences, fieldwork, and significant literature on Malay language and identity in the Malay World. This chapter focuses on three areas: (1) the concept of transnationalism in the Malay World; (2) current perspectives on ‘Malay vs. English’ language attitudes through a contemporary sociolinguistic lens; and (3) a reflective discourse and shifting paradigm of Malay linguistic research in the transnational Malay World. The chapter also sheds light on ongoing debates about Malay language, culture, and shared identity in relation to foreign influences such as English. It also explores research implications and prospects in the Malay World and contributions to the study of Malay linguistics and sociolinguistics in the context of globalisation.
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Beggiora, Stefano. "Indigenous Native Epistemology as a Model in Environmental Humanities in India." In Asia in Transition. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3933-2_2.
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AbstractThe article proposes a reflection on the contribution of the ādivāsī issue in the broader debate on Environmental Humanities in India. The theme of indigeneity on the one hand and the ontological turn in anthropology on the other have highlighted the centrality and importance of the ecological message in the theoretical approach of these disciplines. However, the paper investigates a possible originality of Indian thought in a debate that too often, even in postcolonial studies, has been manipulated by the West. Through the case study of some indigenous cultures of central-eastern India, the paper proposes some original examples of indigenous ontologies and shamanism conveying an idea of respect and consubstantiality of man with other non-humans and with an earth that is mother for everyone. The essay concludes by mentioning the pioneering vision of two of the first Indian anthropologists who understood the importance of the man-spirits-nature connection and of a holistic vision of the cosmos among the native cultures of the Subcontinent.
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O'Sullivan, Patrick, and Paolo Ricci. "Transition of the moral debate to political economy." In The Political Economy and Ethics of Debt Financing. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003546030-3.
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Brundenius, Claes, Bo Göransson, and Jan Ågren. "The Role of Academic Institutions in the National System of Innovation and the Debate in Sweden." In Universities in Transition. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7509-6_15.
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Benedikter, Roland, Katja Siepmann, and Miguel Zlosilo. "The Fiscal Dimension: Greater Fairness at the Price of a Slowing Economy? The Ideological Debate Behind Bachelet’s Envisaged Tax Reform." In Chile in Transition. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17951-3_6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Transition Debate"
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Desai, Vimal H. "Mechanistic Differences in Transgranular and Intergranular Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97192.
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Abstract Many alloys, notably the austenitic stainless steels, exhibit intergranular as well as transgranular stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in Cl- environments. The mechanism of cracking in both these modes and the conditions under which the transition from trans to intergranular cracking or vice versa occur are topics of much debate and research. Some recent work have suggested that the mechanism of trans and intergranular stress corrosion cracking are identical. In this study, by using the load pulsing technique, it has been determined that the velocity in intergranular SCC is about 2 to 3 times higher than transgranular SCC. Also, by studying the effect of temperature on the crack propagation rate the activation energy in both modes of cracking was found to be similar thereby suggesting that the rate limiting step in both types of cracking may be the same.
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Elórtegui Gómez, Claudio, and Hanns De La Fuente-Mella. "Analysis of Political Debate Programs to Identify the Elements of Political Transition Process in Chile." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002296.
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The Chilean political transition has experienced strong questioning in recent years, especially at the level of the younger generations. These aspects have been made visible in the social mobilizations that took place in Chile in 2019 and in a growing context of political polarization, perception of corruption towards institutions and criticism of the media, spaces conceived from an agreed or semi-sovereign democracy. As a way of analyzing the political communication experienced in these original contexts of the return of Chilean democracy, the research will take a series of programs of political debates, broadcast on television between 1989 and 1991, that is, at the very beginning of the transition as historical process. The objective is through the use of probabilistic econometric models to measure the characteristics of the political debate, through the political identification of the panelists, types of participation of the participants in these programs and the dominant topics between the interactions, as a way of putting in perspective the critics towards that moment.
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Kilinc, Ramazan. "THE PATTERNS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ISLAM AND LIBERALISM: THE CASE OF THE GÜLEN MOVEMENT." In Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/qhfj3934.
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The unprecedented resurgence of religious organisations in the public sphere in recent years has given particular urgency to the old question of the compatibility of Islam and liberalism. Some scholars have argued that Islamic notions of social–political order are not hospitable to democracy and human rights. Others have argued that notions of democracy and human rights are firmly established in the Islamic political discourse but their expression depends on history, social structure and context. Although this debate has proved fruitful in framing the role of Islam in the public sphere, both sides have generally focused on essential sources of Islam. The debate needs to be extended to the empirical realm through study of particular Islamic movements and their responses to liberalisation trends. Such study should take into account local context, the organisational capabilities of the movement, and the Islamic repertoire that it deploys in mobilising its followers. This paper looks at the Gülen movement’s response to liberalisation processes in Turkey in the 1990s and 2000s. Since liberalism has radically transformed the economic and political system of the country over the last two decades, Turkey is a good example for our purposes. Furthermore, the increased influence of the Gülen movement in Turkey provides rich empiri- cal data of an Islamic movement engaging with liberalisation in civil society and politics. The paper concludes that, while the movement’s discourse and practice are compatible with liberalism, its Islamic ethos means that at some points it must engage liberalism critically.
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Tulbure, Ildiko, Marius Berca, and Mircea Salcudean. "CLEAN ENERGY TRANSITION FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s17.03.
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The vision of succeeding in shaping sustainable cities is representing a fascinating matter, but a challenging one. This provoking issue is including several tasks, among others connected to available possibilities for assuring needed energy supply with minimum environmental impacts. Humanity innovative thinking way has always been driving the field of shaping more efficient energy supply systems with less environmental impacts, being always a debate regarding available energy resources. Conventional energy supply systems, especially based on fossil fuels, being since long applied on a global level, have demonstrated considerable impacts on environment, but also on society. Transition to clean energy resources is accordingly required as a base of succeeding in shaping sustainable cities. Renewable energy resources, as water, wind and solar one must be used in the future, a holistic analysis and assessment needed by Technology Assessment, simultaneously considering technical, economic, environmental, social, also political fields. To succeed assuring Sustainable Urban Development potential impacts of various developments must be analyzed and assessed. New innovative development strategies in energy field must be analyzed, as the newly adopted European Green Deal by the European Commission, what actually requires production processes with low environmental footprint, what is emphasized for a certain case in Romania, drawing corresponding conclusions.
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Ugur, Etga. "RELIGION AS A SOURCE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL? THE GÜLEN MOVEMENT IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE." In Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/clha2866.
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This paper asks: when and under what conditions does religion become a source of coopera- tion rather than conflict? The Gülen movement is an Islamic social movement that bases its philosophy on increasing religious consciousness at the individual level and making Islam an important social force in the public sphere. It is this intellectual and social activism that has made the movement a global phenomenon and the focus of socio-political analysis. The Gülen community brings different sectors of society together to facilitate ‘collective intellectual effort’ and offer ‘civil responses’ to social issues, seeing this as a more subtle and legitimate way of influencing public debate and policy. To this end, the movement initiated a series of symposiums, known as Abant Workshops in Turkey. The scope of these meetings was later expanded to include a wider audience in Europe, the U.S., and the Middle East. This paper looks specifically at the Abant Workshops and the movement’s strategy of bridge building and problem-solving. It uses the press releases, transcripts and audio-visual records of the past 14 meetings to discuss their objectives and outcomes. This material is supplement- ed by interviews with key organisers from the Journalists and Writer Foundation and other participants. The discussion aims to understand how far religiously inspired social groups can contribute to the empowerment of civil society vis-à-vis the state and its officially secular ideology. Beyond that, it aims to explain the role of civil society organisations in democratic governance, and the possibility of creating social capital in societies lacking a clear ‘overlap- ping consensus’ on issues of citizenship, morality and national identity. The hesitancy at the beginning turns into friendship, the distance into understanding, stiff looks and tensions into humorous jokes, and differences into richness. Abant is boldly moving towards an institutionalization. The objective is evident: Talking about some of the problems the country is facing, debating them and offering solutions; on a civil ground, within the framework of knowledge and deliberation. Some labelled the ideas in the concluding declarations as “revolutionary,” “renaissance,” and “first indications of a religious reform.” Some others (in minority) saw them “dangerous” and “non-sense.” In fact, the result is neither a “revolution” nor “non-sense” It is an indication of a quest for opening new horizons or creating a novel vision. When and under what conditions does religion become a source of cooperation rather than conflict in the civil society? The Gülen movement is an Islamic social movement that bases its philosophy on increasing religious consciousness at the individual level and making Islam an important social force in the public sphere. It is this intellectual and social activism that raises the Gülen movement of Turkey as a global phenomenon to the focus of socio-political analysis. The Gülen community brings different sectors of the society together to create and facilitate a ‘common intellect’ to brainstorm and offer ‘civil responses’ to social issues. The move- ment sees this as a more subtle, but more effective, and legitimate way of influencing public debate and policy. Hence, the movement initiated a series of symposiums, known as Abant Workshops in Turkey. The scope of the meetings was later expanded to include a wider audi- ence in Europe, the U.S., and the Middle East. In early 1990s the Gülen Movement launched a silent but persistent public relations cam- paign. Fethullah Gülen openly met with the prominent figures of government and politics, and gave interviews to some popular newspapers and magazines. With a thriving media net- work, private schools, and business associations the movement seemed to have entered a new stage in its relations with the outside world. This new stage was not a simple outreach effort; it was rather a confident step to carve a niche in the increasingly diversified Turkish public sphere. The instigation of a series of workshops known as Abant Platforms was one of the biggest steps in this process. The workshops brought academics, politicians, and intellectu- als together to discuss some of the thorniest issues of, first, Turkey, such as secularism and pluralism, and then the Muslim World, such as war, globalization and modernization. This paper seeks to explain the motives behind this kind of an ambitious project and its possible implications for the movement itself, for Turkey and for the Muslim World in transition.
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Alnuaim, Sami A. "Energy Transition or Energy Advancement!" In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215050-ms.
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Abstract In the past two centuries, the global energy scenario has been secured and dominated by fossil fuel, currently representing 83%+ of global energy mix, with oil and gas reaching almost 53-55%. Since then, the global energy demand has been rising proportionately to human prosperity, global economic and population growth. With it, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in particular Methane and CO2 have been rising, inducing a global environmental challenge. Unfortunately, in the last two decades, the global energy debate was dominated by unrealistic Energy Transition narrative, calling for unrealistic energy transition scenarios, focused around the gradual elimination of fossil fuel by stopping investing in oil and gas upstream projects without offering any practical alternatives. This awkward strategy is leading to unprecedented potential global energy security threat that could jeopardize the current positive global sustainable development and human prosperity. In addition, due to global geopolitics, the world started to realize that energy security always takes priority, as can be seen lately in several European countries raising its Coal share in their energy mix despite its environmental challenge. Hence, there is a need for the energy industry to change this negative global Energy Transition narrative to a more positive realistic and practical Energy Advancement agenda that could address all its related greenhouse gas emissions and preserve the unmatched fossil fuel influenced global economic growth, sustainable development and human prosperity achievements with its solid global infrastructure. Putting this new Energy Advancement strategy in action, a new decarbonization strategy has started evolving globally with unprecedented IOCs and NOCs collaborations towards reaching zero-net emission goal by 2050/2060. The proposed Energy Advancement strategy is built on inclusion of all energy sources with solid environmental, social and economic accountability. The evolving decarbonization strategy road map includes emission detection/reporting, significant emission reduction investment and multi large-scale Carbon Capture projects, Gas in Power in lieu of Coal/fluids, Renewables in Power, Hydrogen, Energy Efficiency, Carbon Circular Economy, Crude to Chemicals, Energy Conservation, Social Behavior and Afforestation. There is a need for the Oil and Gas industry to globally lead this Energy Advancement strategy, monitor its progress, measure what really matters and report its achievements through new energy sustainability models and standards that need to be developed, preferably by the Oil and Gas industry academic and professional societies based on the UN 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and IPIECA SDG Atlas. Accordingly, Energy Advancement can be defined as "Deployment of all energy sources (with no exception), with the right technologies and policies that address human energy needs to support its must-to-grow economy, enrich its sustainable social development goals and protect its environment, focusing on affordability, efficiency, and environmental accountability", towards zero-net GHG emissions by 2050-2060. The Oil and Gas industry has started this long-term Energy Advancement journey and have no option except to succeed. Other emitting industries that currently contribute to the global Carbon and Methane emissions must also be included in the dialogue and accountability.
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Salvador, Antonio José. "El minifundio y la huerta." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Grup de Recerca en Urbanisme, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5821/siiu.12947.
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Twenty-five years after its creation, the Baix Llobregat Agricultural Park remains a relevant case in planning and managing peri-urban agricultural land. Besides being a land-use protection mechanism, the ‘agricultural park’ as a planning figure aims to dynamize its productive, morphological, and natural assets. Within the current debate on the agroecological transition, climate change, and local agri-food systems, this case becomes more relevant given that various scales of horticultural and fruit production play a role in the local agri-food system. This analysis constructs socio-spatial relationships inside and outside the park. It demonstrates that through the relationship between land tenure, land management, and production systems, issues and challenges emerge that can feed the debate on planning peri-urban agrarian spaces and the challenges faced by local production systems. Veinticinco años después de su conformación, el Parque Agrario del Baix Llobregat es aún relevante en cuanto ordenamiento y gestión del territorio agrario periurbano. La figura de ‘parque agrario’ además de ser un mecanismo de protección del suelo pretende dinamizar sus valores productivos, morfológicos, y naturales. En el debate sobre la transición agroecológica, el cambio climático y los sistemas agroalimentarios locales, este caso cobra mayor relevancia ya que su producción hortícola y frutícola, a través de distintas escalas de producción, cumplen un rol importante en el sistema agroalimentario local. Este análisis construye relaciones socioespaciales dentro y fuera del parque y demuestra que, a través de la estrecha relación entre las formas de tenencia y gestión de la tierra con los sistemas de producción, emergen cuestiones y desafíos que pueden nutrir el debate sobre el ordenamiento de los espacios agrarios periurbanos y el reto que enfrentan los sistemas de producción local.
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Vasile, Valentina, Razvan Vasile, and Elena Bunduchi. "Digital Transformation And Employment Disruption. A Qualitative Analysis Of The Challenges And Limits Of Artificial Intelligence On The Future Of Work." In 27th International Scientific Conference “Competitiveness and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/cike2023.02.
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The digital transition has become a common topic of debate for specialists, its impact on the way of life of individuals being increasingly complex and controversial. The current stage of the expansion of AI applications in various fields of activity and workplaces has caused debates regarding the replacement / elimination of humans in production and service processes. The current study aims to present a critical analysis of the effects of digital transformation on employment disruption and the role of the workforce in the conditions of increasing digital intensity of companies. Starting from an analysis of the specialized literature, and from discussions on the externalities produced by the digital transformation on the labor market, a comparison is made between the stage of automation/robotization on work and the current stage of the growth of AI applications. Through a combined qualitative analysis, the differences between doing digital and being digital are presented. The results show us significant differences between the two stages, but also the limits of employment disruption. Artificial intelligence will substantially change the working model, but it will not exclude man, it redefines his role and responsibilities in the sustainable development of the digital society.
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Jardim, Marilia. "Representations of veridictory modalities and post-truth in the digital transition: discourse and corporeality in the Netflix show Clickbait." In Actes du congrès de l’Association Française de Sémiotique. Université de Limoges, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/as.8497.
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The article discusses the representation of truth and falsity in the Netflix show Clickbait (2021), utilising its diegesis to review Greimas’ (1983) Veridiction Contract and Keyes’ (2004) text on Post-truth. A show presenting a commentary on the various challenges the digital substance poses to the construction and sanction of truth, the analysis of selected sequences facilitates the debate of two facets of truth-making in the digital transition: the manipulation of discursive substances—verbal language and iconic representation—and the emergence of a modality of truth anchored in the corporeality of subjects. The analysis approaches digital platforms and the intersubjective relations they enable and the extent to which different substances are capable of producing separate levels of reality. The examination of the crisis of truth emerging from the clash between “real life” and life post-digital transition permits the interrogation of mechanisms of sanction, which are replaced with an artificial enlargement of attention.
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Gennari, Francesca. "Managing Circular Economy with a Strategic-Risk Approach." In Eighth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.s.p.2022.11.
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The debate about the criticalities of the traditional linear economy-based business model is leading to a more sustainable way of production and consumption which is the circular economy (CE), defined as an economy capable of regenerating itself. However, there is an area of concern related to the risks arising from the changes that CE requires in processes, organization, governance, and relations within the supply chain and with stakeholders. This paper focuses on the main risk areas firms should manage for a successful strategic transition to CE, suggesting a conceptual framework for CE risk identification according to a strategic-based approach.
Reports on the topic "Transition Debate"
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Vega-Araújo, José, Juliana Peña Niño, Elisa Arond, and Fernando Patzy. Navigating a just energy transition from coal in the Colombian Caribbean. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.063.
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The findings reported in this paper provide insights into the power dynamics and distributional politics that shape resistance to phasing out coal and to opportunities for change, as part of a broader project comparing these lessons and experiences in Colombia, South Africa and Indonesia, aiming to understand challenges to a just energy transition in coal-producing countries in the Global South. The current Colombian government has helped centre the concept of a just energy transition in public debate, encompassing a broad range of questions and concerns. National, regional and local discussions have different frameworks and visions for a future beyond fossil fuels, particularly regarding coal, which is a major export commodity but not a major fuel for domestic use in Colombia. For thermal coal–producing regions in Colombia, this debate touches on the challenges of both the legacy of extractive activities and the repercussions of losing a significant industrial sector, affecting local and regional economies and communities. Drawing on a series of workshops, a literature review, and interviews around transitions from coal in the Colombian departments of Cesar and La Guajira, researchers identified different visions of a just energy transition put forward at the national and regional levels, as well as some of the interests and strategies leveraged by different actors and groups in pushing certain visions of such a transition. In addition to presenting these results, the authors of this report provide insights into the power dynamics that shape resistance to phasing out coal and opportunities for transitions to more sustainable futures, with a strong emphasis on the efforts of civil society to create and achieve their visions of transition.
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Houzer, Ella, and Ian Scoones. Are Livestock Always Bad for the Planet? Rethinking the Protein Transition and Climate Change Debate. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.003.
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Urgent climate challenges have triggered calls for radical, widespread changes in what we eat, pushing for the drastic reduction if not elimination of animal-source foods from our diets. But high-profile debates, based on patchy evidence, are failing to differentiate between varied landscapes, environments and production methods. Relatively low-impact, extensive livestock production, such as pastoralism, is being lumped in with industrial systems in the conversation about the future of food. This report warns that the dominant picture of livestock’s impacts on climate change has been distorted by faulty assumptions that focus on intensive, industrial farming in rich countries. Millions of people worldwide who depend on extensive livestock production, with relatively lower climate impacts, are being ignored by debates on the future of food. The report identifies ten flaws in the way that livestock’s climate impacts have been assessed, and suggests how pastoralists could be better included in future debates about food and the climate.
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Reeve, Sophie, Susanna Cartmell, Alice Mutimer, and Olivia Frost. e-Dialogues Spark Debate on the Dynamics of Agricultural Commercialisation. APRA, Future Agricultures Consortium, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.029.
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In early 2022, the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) Programme of the Future Agricultures Consortium (FAC), in partnership with the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network and Foresight4Food, held an e-Dialogue series: Towards an Equitable and Sustainable Transformation of Food Systems. This followed an earlier, highly successful series organised with the same partners in the second half of 2020 on What Future for Small-Scale Farming? The latest series included three online Zoom sessions led by APRA over January-March 2022 on topics including COVID-19 and its effects on local food systems and rural livelihoods, and transition pathways and strategies for supporting more equitable and resilient food systems in Africa. These virtual events were designed to replace an international conference that was part of APRA’s original end-of-programme plan, before the COVID-19 crisis prevented large, physical gatherings. The three e-Dialogues brought together APRA researchers and expert commentators from across sub-Saharan Africa, as well as a wider audience. The objective of these dialogues was to examine evidence and lessons from APRA’s six-year collaborative research programme (2016-22) analysing the dynamics of agricultural commercialisation processes, agrarian change and rural transformation in the region. This report looks at their impact, what worked well, and what could have been improved.
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Droubi, Sufyan, and Fernando Lannes Fernandes. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/sustainable-citizen-decision-making-impact-of-the-cost-of-living-. University of Dundee, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001298.
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The present report is the outcome of a research project commissioned by Zero Waste Scotland and carried out by the Just Transition Hub (JTH), University of Dundee, with the objective of understanding the ways in which the cost-of-living crisis has affected the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and communities towards a transition to a low-carbon economy in Scotland. We define the transition as encompassing both energy transition and the transition to a circular economy, so in this report the word “transition(s)” means both the referred transitions. We define the scope of “justice” to cover three dimensions – distributive, recognition and procedural. Briefly, distributive justice concerns the ideal of a fair share of the benefits and costs of the transition among different communities and stakeholders. Recognition justice respects the proper acknowledgement of marginalised individuals and communities who may be living in deprived urban areas. Procedural justice respects inclusion and effective participation of all, including marginalised actors, in public debate and decision-making. The study involved a literature review in narrative form (chapter 2) and a smallscale exploratory study (chapters 3 and 4), using a multi-strategy approach that included seven individual semi-structured expert interviews, four semi-structured citizen/consumer focus groups and one semi-structured expert focus group. Both the literature review and the empirical research adopted a thematic analysis approach, with clear research objectives identified in a standardised analysis framework. The present research is part of a broader series of investigations commissioned by Zero Waste Scotland to understand circular economy perspectives and sustainable decision-making in times of crises to help inform Zero Waste Scotland’s communication, engagement and further research for a just transition. The present study is complemented by parallel research being conducted by the University of Highlands and Islands with a focus on rural communities.
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Laing, Timothy. Uncertainty in Modeling the Demand for Materials from the Energy Sector at a Country-level: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, 2024. https://doi.org/10.30573/ks--2024-dp67.
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The material intensity of the energy transition has been a topic of growing importance in the literature and policymaking over the last decade. Much of this debate has been founded on a range of future demand forecasts of the material requirements of the energy transition, primarily at a global level. However, these forecasts have varied considerably, which has created uncertainty about what materials may be deemed critical, both in terms of future material needs and in securing future supply. In this work, we use a dynamic material flow model to estimate future material requirements at the country level and assess the material demands of the energy transition in Saudi Arabia under different scenarios. We vary the metrics related to demand and its contextualization in terms of supply, along with key underlying assumptions, to highlight crucial design questions future material demand estimation at the country level and areas in which uncertainties may arise.
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Simmons, Ruth, and Rezina Mita. Women's status and family planning in Bangladesh: An analysis of focus group data. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1000.
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This study involved secondary analysis of a substantial set of 1987–88 focus group data from Bangladesh’s Matlab Thana, where the Family Planning and Health Services Project was underway since 1977. The project was highly successful in increasing family planning (FP) acceptance and provided a rich research base for studying the diffusion of FP and its effects. The study involved 36 focus groups with fieldworkers, community women, husbands, educated women, and community leaders. The intent of the present study is to examine the effect of FP on women's status in Bangladesh, and to prepare papers on that topic. Following leads in the data itself, two papers were prepared under this subcontract. One concerns the effect of the FP fieldworkers on the knowledge and attitudes of young, unmarried women toward fertility and FP; the other presents a qualitative analysis of the fertility transition in Bangladesh, contributing to the ongoing debate on whether fertility decline is caused by demand-side or supply-side factors. This report reviews both documents.
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Handa, Sudhanshu, Zhiyuan Liu, Gelson Tembo, Clement Adamba, and Peter Mvula. An empirically driven theory of poverty reduction. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/crpp4.
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The persistence of poverty, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, means that public policy in this region continues to debate the right mix of supply- versus demand-side interventions that can move large groups of households out of extreme or ultra-poverty. There is unlikely to be a single approach that can transition all poor or ultra-poor households out of poverty. This paper describes the use of secondary evaluation data from four government unconditional cash transfer programmes (UCTs) to identify high- and low-flyers, that is, those households that are able to use the income shock to significantly improve their living standards and those who aren’t. The authors attempt to categorize the high- and low-flyers to create typologies based on their pre-shock characteristics. They also look at post-treatment behaviours to see what participants of these programmes did with the cash to improve (or not) their living standards. Putting together these different pieces of information (pre-treatment characteristics and post-treatment behaviours) can help with understanding the different pathways out of poverty, and ultimately contribute to a middle-range theory of sustained poverty reduction.
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Tapia, Carlos, Nora Sanchez Gassen, and Anna Lundgren. In all fairness: perceptions of climate policies and the green transition in the Nordic Region. Nordregio, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2023:5.1403-2503.
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The survey presented in this report reveals that Nordic citizens are concerned about climate change. Many people are willing to increase efforts to fight climate change, even if this entails a personal contribution in terms of higher taxes or behavioural change. The survey shows that different social groups perceive the impacts of climate change and climate mitigation policies in different ways. In general, attitudes towards climate policies and perceptions regarding their fairness are conditioned by socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, employment status, type of housing and transport behaviour. General attitudes towards climate change and climate policies The first part of this report explores general attitudes towards climate change and climate policies. This section shows that seven in ten (71%) respondents think that climate change is a serious or very serious problem, particularly among the youngest age group (18-29 years). Three in four (74%) interviewed persons in this group share this view. Those with a university degree are more concerned about climate change (83%) than those with primary or secondary education (57% and 62%, respectively). Approximately half (48-51%) of respondents in all age groups agree that more financial resources should be invested in preventing climate change, even if this would imply an increase in taxes. The survey results show that women in the Nordic Region are more concerned about climate change than men (79% compared to 64%). It also reveals that people living in urban areas are more worried about climate change (82%) than those who live in towns and suburbs (68%) or in rural areas (62%). Urban dwellers are also more positive about investing more resources in preventing climate change (59%) than those who live in rural areas (39%) and in towns and suburbs (46%). More than half of the respondents (52%) agree that taking further action on climate change would be beneficial for the economy. Students, unemployed and retired people are more likely to agree with this view (55%, 57% and 55%, respectively) than those currently in employment, including the self-employed (50%). Those employed in carbon-intensive sectors are less positive about the expected economic impact of climate policies than those who work in other economic sectors (41% compared to 55%). They are also more concerned about the risk of job losses during the transition to a low-carbon economy than those employed in sectors with lower carbon intensity (37% compared to 24%). Concerns about this issue are also higher among those who live in rural areas (31%) or towns and suburbs (30%) compared to those who live in cities (22%). Present and future effects of climate change mitigation policies on individuals and households The central part of the survey explores perceptions regarding the present and future impacts of climate policies. Such challenges are perceived differently depending on specific sociodemographic conditions. Nearly one fourth (23%) of respondents state that high energy costs mean they are struggling to keep their homes at a comfortable temperature. Those living in houses report being more impacted (27%) than those living in apartments (18%), and those using fossil fuels to heat their homes are most affected (44%). The risk of energy poverty is also higher among non-EU immigrants to the Nordic Region. Those who say they are struggling to keep their homes at a comfortable temperature range from 23% among Nordic-born citizens to 37% among non-EU immigrants. Nearly three in ten respondents (28%) have modified their transportation behaviour during the last year due to high fuel costs. This proportion is substantially greater among those living in towns and suburbs (32%) compared to those who live in rural areas (29%) or cities (23%). The majority of the Nordic population (52%) states that current climate policies have a neutral effect on their household economies. However, 28% of respondents say they are negatively impacted by climate policies in economic terms. Men report being negatively affected more frequently than women (33% vs 22%, respectively). People who live in houses are more likely to claim they are being negatively impacted than people who live in apartments (31% and 23%, respectively). Nearly half (45%) of the respondents in the Nordic Region agree that climate initiatives will improve health and well-being, and half of the respondents (50%) think that climate change initiatives will lead to more sustainable lifestyles in their area. However, half (51%) of the Nordic population expect to see increases in prices and the cost of living as a consequence of climate policies, and those who believe that climate policies will create jobs and improve working conditions in the areas where they live (31% and 24%, respectively) are outnumbered by those who believe the opposite (35% and 34%, respectively). Fairness of climate policies The last section of the report looks at how the Nordic people perceive the fairness of climate policies in distributional terms. In the survey, the respondents were asked to judge to what extent they agree or disagree that everyone in their country or territory is equally affected by initiatives to fight climate change regardless of personal earnings, gender, age, country of origin and where they live – cities or rural areas. The results show that the Nordic people believe climate change initiatives affect citizens in different ways depending on their demographic, socioeconomic and territorial backgrounds. More than half of the respondents (56%) disagree that everyone is equally affected by initiatives to fight climate change regardless of earnings. Only 22% agree with this statement. Younger age groups are more pessimistic than older age groups on this point (66% in the 18-29 age group compared to 41% in the 65+ group). Almost half of respondents (48%) agree that climate policies are fair from a gender perspective, while 25% disagree with this statement and 23% are neutral. Roughly one in three (30%) respondents in the Nordic Region agree that people are equally affected by climate change initiatives regardless of age, 41% disagree with this statement and 25% are neutral. More than one third (35%) of the Nordic population agree that everyone is equally affected by initiatives to fight climate change regardless of the country of origin, while 34% of them disagree. More than half of respondents (56%) think that the impact of climate initiatives differs between rural and urban areas, while only 22% think that all areas are equally affected. Respondents who live in cities are more likely to respond that climate policy impacts differ between rural and urban areas (60%) than respondents who live in rural areas (55%) and towns and suburbs (53%). One third (33%) of respondents in the survey think that the Sámi population is affected by climate change initiatives to the same extent as the rest of the population. In Greenland, a majority of the population (62%) agrees that the indigenous population in Greenland is equally affected by measures to combat climate change. The results from this survey conducted in the autumn of 2022, show that the population in the Nordic Region perceive the impacts of climate mitigation policies in different ways. These results can raise awareness and stimulate debate about the implementation of climate mitigation policies for a just green transition.
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González Mínguez, Jose. The Letta report: a set of proposals for revitalising the European economy. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/38193.
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Europe is facing a number of major challenges in the near future, including managing the climate transition, the effects of technological transformations and geopolitical changes. European and national authorities are aware that the tools currently in place are insufficient to address these challenges and that a determined reform drive is therefore needed. At the start of a new European institutional cycle, the set of proposals in the Letta report, aimed at completing the Single Market and adapting it to the new circumstances, constitute a major contribution to the European economic policy debate. The most important initiatives include the revitalisation of the capital markets union, the creation of a pan-European State aid scheme based on national contributions, the promulgation of a European code of commercial law as an alternative to the harmonisation of the 27 existing national systems, the incorporation into the Single Market of sectors that have so far been largely outside it (such as energy and telecommunications) or, in the legislative field, the prioritisation of the use of regulations, which are directly applicable in the Member States, over directives, which require transposition into the legal systems of each country. The report’s diagnosis is largely shared by the various national authorities, who also welcomed the main thrust of the proposals. However, it is not difficult to see that the implementation of the latter requires a consensus that, in practice, may be difficult to achieve.
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Giacometti, Alberto, Mari Wøien Meijer, and Hilma Salonen. Who drives green innovation in the Nordic Region? A change agency and systems perspective. Nordregio, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2024:101403-2503.
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In addressing the critical challenge of systemic sustainability, this report explores the need for more than a one-size-fits-all approach in the Nordic Region. It investigates the role of change agency processes and the impact of policies and framework conditions on green transition changes in business sectors. Our two case studies reveal some of the bottlenecks and drivers of innovation and explore them from a systemic perspective and in different geographic scales, both from a place-based and place-less perspective. The methodology adopted in the report is comprehensive, including a deep dive into the evolution of innovation theory and policy, following by an in-depth analysis of green innovation in two sectoral developments, including multi-storey wood construction and the so-called ‘protein shift’. It examines the roles of different stakeholders, including governments, businesses, and communities, in fostering an environment conducive to systemic change. The report relies on the academic and policy evolution of innovation theory and practice, identifying, what is argued to be, an emerging generation of innovation policies focused not only on economic but also on societal and environmental goals, which has generated a heated debate. To add nuance to this debate, our report utilised sector-based case studies relying on expert interviews to shed light on the roles of different agents in producing, not only technological but systems innovation. Against the background of systems innovations theory, this study provides some insights into the relevance of place, and proximity – not just geographic, but cognitive, institutional, organisational and social proximity. regional innovation landscape. Key findings reveal that systemic green innovations in the Nordic region happen as a result of the sum of multiple actors intentionally and unintentionally driving change in place-based and place-less settings. Several obstacles hinder setting a clear direction to innovation and path creation as these barriers are deeply entrenched in governance complexities, social institutions, and place-based industrial and structural path dependencies. Disrupting technological and systems ‘lock-ins’, is therefore, not the role of single agents but the result of multiple ones acting on a place-based or technology-based setting, and requires enhanced policy frameworks, and entrepreneurial public institutions moving beyond setting the ‘rules-of-the-game’ to actively orchestrating action, mobilising stakeholders and facilitating co-operation. The report emphasizes the significance of knowledge exchange and the creation of trust-based networks to accelerate the adoption of green innovations. It concludes by demonstrating that different green innovations develop under very different conditions and processes.