Journal articles: 'Transition events'

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Schutz, Michele A., Erik W. Carter, Shimul A. Gajjar, and Erin A. Maves. "Strengthening Transition Partnerships Through Community Conversation Events." TEACHING Exceptional Children 53, no. 5 (February 18, 2021): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040059920987877.

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Strong collaborations are critical to successful youth transitions. Preparing students with disabilities for life after high school requires extensive partnerships within and beyond the school. However, transition educators often struggle to meaningfully engage the people and programs that exist within their local community. A community conversation event is a practical, fun, and effective way for districts to capture fresh perspectives and identify innovative, local solutions to persistent challenges in transition education. The purpose of this article is to highlight the key steps for planning for a community conversation, implementing the event, and using information gathered to inform improvements to transition programming. We draw from our work supporting 10 Tennessee school districts who hosted their own community conversations to reflect upon and improve their transition practices. We provide resources, materials, and tips for school districts to implement a successful event that leads to improvements in transition programming and student outcomes.

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Чжэнхуа, Хуан, Huang Zhenghua, Ли Бо, Li Bo, Ся Лидун, and Xia Lidong. "Observations of small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region: explosive events, UV bursts, and network jets." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 5, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-52201909.

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In this paper, we review observational aspects of three common small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region (TR), namely TR explosive events, ultraviolet bursts and jets. These events are defined in either (both) spectral or (and) imaging data. The development of multiple instruments capable of observing the TR has allowed researchers to gain numerous insights into these phenomena in recent years. These events have provided a proxy to study how mass and energy are transported between the solar chromosphere and the corona. As the physical mechanisms responsible for these small-scale events might be similar to the mechanisms responsible for large-scale phenomena, such as flares and coronal mass ejections, analysis of these events could also help our understanding of the solar atmosphere from small to large scales. The observations of these small-scale energetic events demonstrate that the TR is extremely dynamic and is a crucial layer in the solar atmosphere between the chromosphere and the corona.

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Seyfi, Siamak, and C. Michael Hall. "Political transitions and transition events in a tourism destination." International Journal of Tourism Research 22, no. 4 (March 17, 2020): 493–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2351.

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Chae, Jongchul, Haimin Wang, Chik-Yin Lee, Philip R. Goode, and Udo Schühle. "Chromospheric Upflow Events Associated with Transition Region Explosive Events." Astrophysical Journal 504, no. 2 (September 10, 1998): L123—L126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/311583.

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Luo, Dehai, Yao Yao, and Steven B. Feldstein. "Regime Transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Extreme Cold Event over Europe in January–February 2012." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 12 (December 1, 2014): 4735–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00234.1.

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Abstract In this paper, large-scale aspects for the onset of the extreme cold European weather event in January–February 2012 are investigated. It is shown that the outbreak of this extreme cold weather event may be attributed to the transition from a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+) event to a long-lasting blocking event over the eastern Atlantic and western Europe (hereafter ENAO−). A persistent decline of the surface air temperature (SAT) is seen over all of Europe during the long-lived ENAO− event, while the main region of enhanced precipitation is located over southern Europe and part of central Europe, in association with the presence of a persistent double storm track: one over the Norwegian and Barents Seas and the other over southern Europe. The NAO+ to NAO− transition events are divided into NAO+ to ENAO− and NAO+ to WNAO− transition events [ENAO− (WNAO−) events correspond to eastward- (westward-) displaced NAO− events whose positive center is defined to be located to the east (west) of 10°W], and a statistical analysis of the NAO+ to ENAO− transition events during 1978–2012 is performed. It is found that there has been a marked increase in the frequency of the NAO+ to ENAO− transition events during the period 2005–12. Composites of SAT anomalies indicate that the marked decline of the SAT observed over much of Europe is primarily associated with NAO+ to ENAO− transition events. Thus, NAO+ to ENAO− transition events may be more favorable for the extreme cold events over Europe observed in recent winters than other types of NAO− events.

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Amendola, Valeria, Luigi Fabbrizzi, Maurizio Licchelli, Carlo Mangano, Piersandro Pallavicini, Luisa Parodi, and Antonio Poggi. "Molecular events switched by transition metals." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 190-192 (September 1999): 649–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8545(99)00110-1.

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Brkovic, A., and H. Peter. "Transition region blinkers versus explosive events." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2004, IAUS223 (June 2004): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921304006441.

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Ryutova, M. P., and T. D. Tarbell. "On the Transition Region Explosive Events." Astrophysical Journal 541, no. 1 (September 20, 2000): L29—L32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/312891.

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Curdt, W., H. Tian, and S. Kamio. "Explosive Events: Swirling Transition Region Jets." Solar Physics 280, no. 2 (February 16, 2012): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-012-9940-9.

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Thomson, Timothy M., Cristina Balcells, and Marta Cascante. "Metabolic Plasticity and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 7 (July 3, 2019): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070967.

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A major transcriptional and phenotypic reprogramming event during development is the establishment of the mesodermal layer from the ectoderm through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is employed in subsequent developmental events, and also in many physiological and pathological processes, such as the dissemination of cancer cells through metastasis, as a reversible transition between epithelial and mesenchymal states. The remarkable phenotypic remodeling accompanying these transitions is driven by characteristic transcription factors whose activities and/or activation depend upon signaling cues and co-factors, including intermediary metabolites. In this review, we summarize salient metabolic features that enable or instigate these transitions, as well as adaptations undergone by cells to meet the metabolic requirements of their new states, with an emphasis on the roles played by the metabolic regulation of epigenetic modifications, notably methylation and acetylation.

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Evans, Martha. "Media events in contexts of transition: sites of hope, disruption and protest." Media, Culture & Society 40, no. 1 (August 11, 2017): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443717726012.

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This article looks briefly at the past and current role played by Dayan and Katz’s media events in South Africa and speculates about their potential future. While in the past, media events have played a pivotal role in the post-apartheid state’s nation-building project, current events suggest a more frissured socio-political landscape, with three likely manifestations of the media event. The first is the enduring integrative and hope-filled event, which audiences still desire and support. The second is the disruptive, non-integrative event and the third is the hijacked media event, which see media events being targeted as sites of protest.

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Luo, Dehai, Jing Cha, and Steven B. Feldstein. "Weather Regime Transitions and the Interannual Variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Part I: A Likely Connection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 8 (August 1, 2012): 2329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0289.1.

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Abstract In this study, the relationship between weather regime transitions and the interannual variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in winter during 1978–2008 is examined by using a statistical approach. Four classical weather regimes—the two phases of the NAO (NAO+, NAO−) and the Scandinavian blocking and Atlantic ridge patterns—are obtained with k-means cluster analysis. Observations show that the transition between the NAO+ and NAO− regimes is markedly different between 1978–90 (P1) and 1991–2008 (P2). Within P1 (P2), the frequency of the NAO− to NAO+ (NAO+ to NAO−) transition events is almost twice that of the NAO+ to NAO− (NAO− to NAO+) transition events. On this basis, further cluster analysis performed for two cases with and without NAO transition events indicates that within P1 (P2) the NAO+ (NAO−) anomaly is markedly enhanced as the NAO− to NAO+ (NAO+ to NAO−) transitions take place. Furthermore, the NAO regime transition is found to be more likely to enhance the eastward shift of the NAO+ (NAO−) anomaly. Thus, it is hypothesized that the interannual change in the winter-mean NAO index from P1 to P2 is related to the intraseasonal NAO− to NAO+ (NAO+ to NAO−) transition events during P1 (P2) because of the variation of the NAO pattern in intensity, location, and frequency (number of days). This finding is also seen from calculations of the winter monthly mean NAO index with and without NAO regime transitions.

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Gonzalez, Mariana, Lauren Junge-maughan, Lewis Lipsitz, and Amber Moore. "ECHO-CT: An Interdisciplinary Video-Conference Model for Identifying Post-Discharge Transition-of-Care Events." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.254.

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Abstract Introduction: Discharge from the hospital to a post-acute care setting can be complex and potentially dangerous, with opportunities for errors and lapses in communication between providers. Data collected through the Extension for Community Health Outcomes-Care Transitions (ECHO-CT) model were used to identify and classify transitional care events (TCEs.) Methods: The ECHO-CT model employs multidisciplinary teleconferences between a hospital-based team and providers in post-acute settings; during this conference, concerns arising in the patient’s care transition were identified and recorded. Results: 675 patients were discussed during interdisciplinary videoconferences. A total of 139 TCEs were identified; 52 (37.4%) were classified as medication issues, and 58 (41.7%) involved discharge communication or coordination errors. Conclusions: These identified TCEs highlight areas in which providers can work to reduce issues arising in the course of discharge to post-acute facilities. Standardized processes to identify, record, and report transition of care events are necessary to provide high-quality, safe care for patients as they move across care settings.

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Luo, Dehai, Jing Cha, and Steven B. Feldstein. "Weather Regime Transitions and the Interannual Variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Part II: Dynamical Processes." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 8 (August 1, 2012): 2347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0290.1.

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Abstract In this study, attention is focused on identifying the dynamical processes that contribute to the negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)− to positive NAO (NAO+) and NAO+ to NAO− transitions that occur during 1978–90 (P1) and 1991–2008 (P2). By constructing Atlantic ridge (AR) and Scandinavian blocking (SBL) indices, the composite analysis demonstrates that in a stronger AR (SBL) winter NAO− (NAO+) event can more easily transition into an NAO+ (NAO−) event. Composites of 300-hPa geopotential height anomalies for the NAO− to NAO+ and NAO+ to NAO− transition events during P1 and P2 are calculated. It is shown for P2 (P1) that the NAO+ to SBL to NAO− (NAO− to AR to NAO+) transition results from the retrograde drift of an enhanced high-latitude, large-scale, positive (negative) anomaly over northern Europe during the decay of the previous NAO+ (NAO−) event. This finding cannot be detected for NAO events without transition. Moreover, it is found that the amplification of retrograding wavenumber 1 is more important for the NAO− to NAO+ transition during P1, but the marked reintensification and retrograde movement of both wavenumbers 1 and 2 after the NAO+ event decays is crucial for the NAO+ to NAO− transition during P2. It is further shown that destructive (constructive) interference between wavenumbers 1 and 2 over the North Atlantic during P1 (P2) is responsible for the subsequent weak NAO+ (strong NAO−) anomaly associated with the NAO− to NAO+ (NAO+ to NAO−) transition. Also, the weakening (strengthening) of the vertically integrated zonal wind (upstream Atlantic storm track) is found to play an important role in the NAO regime transition.

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Moroni, Daniele, Titus S. van Erp, and Peter G. Bolhuis. "Investigating rare events by transition interface sampling." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 340, no. 1-3 (September 2004): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2004.04.033.

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In-Ho, Lee, and Lee Jooyoung. "Accurate Transition Pathway Calculation for Rare Events." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 44, no. 3 (March 15, 2004): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.44.605.

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Lavier, Luc L., Richard A. Bennett, and Ravindra Duddu. "Creep events at the brittle ductile transition." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 14, no. 9 (September 2013): 3334–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20178.

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Dere, K. P., J. D. F. Bartoe, and G. E. Brueckner. "Explosive events in the solar transition zone." Solar Physics 123, no. 1 (1989): 41–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00150011.

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Zamperini, Adriano, and Letizia Passarella. "Testimony of terrorism: Civic responsibility and memory work after a political massacre." Memory Studies 12, no. 6 (July 26, 2017): 721–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698017720255.

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Despite the wide use of testimonies in collective memory of violent historical and political events, proper psychosocial studies addressing the process of becoming a testimony remain scarce. In the context of the massacre of Piazza della Loggia in Brescia, this study examines the biographical transition from victims to testimonies of people directly or indirectly involved in the event. Through the use of semi-structured interviews, 13 biographical stories were collected and analysed through qualitative methodology. Out of the four biographical transitions evinced by the results of this study and besides the scenario of a victim not becoming a testimony, the results highlight three different biographical transitions: the immediate transition from victim to testimony, transition as awareness, and transition as a process of knowledge. These three biographical transitions are summarized in three types of identity: ‘heroic testimony’, ‘civic testimony’ and ‘epistemic testimony’. The results are hence discussed in the light of the community practices of collective memory and psychosocial research on the testimonies.

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Han, Dong, and Yinhua Tian. "Analysis and Application of Transition Systems Based on Petri Nets and Relation Matrices to Business Process Management." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (March 31, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2545413.

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In order to improve the efficiency of conformance checking in business process management, a business alignment approach is presented based on transition systems between relation matrices and Petri nets. Firstly, a log-based relation matrix of the events is obtained according to the event log. Then, the events in the relation matrix are observed and the transitions in the model are firing, and the activities in the log and in the model are compared. Next, the states of the log and the model are recorded until no new state can be generated, so a transition system can be obtained which includes optimal alignments between the event log and the process model. Finally, two detailed algorithms are presented to obtain an optimal alignment and all optimal alignments between the trace and the model based on the given cost function, respectively. The availability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are proved theoretically.

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Schiraldi, Nicholas J., and Paul E. Roundy. "The Evolution of Agricultural Drought Transition Periods in the U.S. Corn Belt." Monthly Weather Review 145, no. 2 (February 2017): 451–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0225.1.

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Agricultural drought in the U.S. Corn Belt region (CBR) has tremendous global socioeconomic implications. Unfortunately, the weather and climate factors that contribute to transition events toward or away from such droughts are poorly understood. This study applies composite, trajectory clusters, and a vertically integrated moisture budget to understand the phenomena that influence transition events that evolve over 20 and 60 days as modulated by interannual, intraseasonal, and synoptic-time-scale variability during May–August over the CBR. Results show that a shift in the low-frequency base state does not explain onset or decay of the 20- or 60-day drought transition cases. Instead, amplification of an intraseasonal Rossby wave train across the Pacific Ocean into North America, which occurs coincident with intraseasonal tropical convection on its equatorward side, triggers the transition. Trajectory analysis reveals similar source regions for air parcels associated with drought development and breakdown, but with a shift toward more parcels originating over the Gulf of Mexico during transitions away from drought. Finally, the vertically integrated moisture budget shows that advection and convergence of moisture on intraseasonal time scales dominates during these transitions. These results demonstrate that weather events are the primary driver of agricultural drought transitions occurring over 20 and 60 days.

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Riechers, Keno, and Niklas Boers. "Significance of uncertain phasing between the onsets of stadial–interstadial transitions in different Greenland ice core proxies." Climate of the Past 17, no. 4 (August 26, 2021): 1751–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1751-2021.

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Abstract. Different paleoclimate proxy records evidence repeated abrupt climate transitions during previous glacial intervals. These transitions are thought to comprise abrupt warming and increase in local precipitation over Greenland, sudden reorganization of the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, and retreat of sea ice in the North Atlantic. The physical mechanism underlying these so-called Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events remains debated. A recent analysis of Greenland ice core proxy records found that transitions in Na+ concentrations and δ18O values are delayed by about 1 decade with respect to corresponding transitions in Ca2+ concentrations and in the annual layer thickness during DO events. These delays are interpreted as a temporal lag of sea-ice retreat and Greenland warming with respect to a synoptic- and hemispheric-scale atmospheric reorganization at the onset of DO events and may thereby help constrain possible triggering mechanisms for the DO events. However, the explanatory power of these results is limited by the uncertainty of the transition onset detection in noisy proxy records. Here, we extend previous work by testing the significance of the reported lags with respect to the null hypothesis that the proposed transition order is in fact not systematically favored. If the detection uncertainties are averaged out, the temporal delays in the δ18O and Na+ transitions with respect to their counterparts in Ca2+ and the annual layer thickness are indeed pairwise statistically significant. In contrast, under rigorous propagation of uncertainty, three statistical tests cannot provide evidence against the null hypothesis. We thus confirm the previously reported tendency of delayed transitions in the δ18O and Na+ concentration records. Yet, given the uncertainties in the determination of the transition onsets, it cannot be decided whether these tendencies are truly the imprint of a prescribed transition order or whether they are due to chance. The analyzed set of DO transitions can therefore not serve as evidence for systematic lead–lag relationships between the transitions in the different proxies, which in turn limits the power of the observed tendencies to constrain possible physical causes of the DO events.

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Luo, Dehai, and Jing Cha. "The North Atlantic Oscillation and the North Atlantic Jet Variability: Precursors to NAO Regimes and Transitions." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 12 (December 1, 2012): 3763–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-098.1.

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Abstract In this paper, precursors to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and its transitions are investigated to understand the dynamical cause of the interdecadal NAO variability from dominant negative (NAO−) events during 1950–77 (P1) to dominant positive (NAO+) events during 1978–2010 (P2). It is found that the phase of the NAO event depends strongly on the latitudinal position of the North Atlantic jet (NAJ) prior to the NAO onset. The NAO− (NAO+) events occur frequently when the NAJ core prior to the NAO onset is displaced southward (northward), as the situation within P1 (P2). Thus, the northward (southward) shift of the NAJ from its mean position is a precursor to the NAO+ (NAO−) event. This finding is further supported by results obtained from a weakly nonlinear model. Furthermore, the model results show that, when the Atlantic mean zonal wind exceeds a critical strength under which the dipole anomaly prior to the NAO onset is stationary, in situ NAO− (NAO+) events, which are events not preceded by opposite events, can occur frequently during P1 (P2) when the Atlantic storm track is not too strong. This mean zonal wind condition is easily satisfied during P1 and P2. However, when the Atlantic storm track (mean zonal wind) prior to the NAO onset is markedly intensified (weakened), the NAO event can undergo a transition from one phase to another, especially in a relatively strong background westerly wind, the Atlantic storm track has to be strong enough to produce a phase transition.

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Michel, Clio, and Gwendal Rivière. "The Link between Rossby Wave Breakings and Weather Regime Transitions." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 1730–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jas3635.1.

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Abstract The link between Rossby wave breaking (RWB) and the four wintertime weather regimes over the North Atlantic domain is studied in this paper. Using the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data, frequencies of occurrence of anticyclonic and cyclonic wave-breaking (AWB and CWB, respectively) events are computed. Each weather regime has its own characteristic pattern of RWB frequencies. CWB events are found to be most frequent for the Greenland anticyclone weather regime whereas AWB events occur more for the Atlantic ridge and the zonal regimes. Time-lagged composites show that the RWB events characterizing each weather regime occur more often during the formation of the regime rather than during its decay. This suggests a reinforcement of the weather regime by RWB. An exception is the blocking weather regime, which is destroyed by an increase of CWB events south of Greenland. Weather regime transitions are then studied using the low-frequency streamfunction tendency budget. Two types of precursors for the transitions have been identified. One is related to linear propagation of low-frequency transient eddies and the other to nonlinear interactions among the low- and high-frequency transient eddies. The latter has been related to the anomalous frequencies of occurrence of RWB. Two transitions are more precisely analyzed. The transition from blocking to Greenland anticyclone is triggered by a decrease of AWB events over Europe as well as a strong CWB event south of Greenland. The zonal to blocking transition presents evidence of two distinct precursors: one is a low-frequency wave train coming from the subtropical western Atlantic and the other, which occurs later, is characterized by a decrease of AWB and CWB events over western Europe that cannot continue to maintain the westerlies in that region.

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Ferguson, Philip M., Dianne L. Ferguson, and David Jones. "Generations of Hope: Parental Perspectives on the Transitions of Their Children with Severe Retardation from School to Adult Life." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 13, no. 3 (September 1988): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079698801300308.

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Transitions within families are socially constructed processes that need to be understood in both their historical and their cultural context. This study explored how parents interpret the events and relationships surrounding the transition of their children with severe disabilities from school to adult life. The study used qualitative techniques to collect and analyze data from two sets of parents grouped according to their children's ages. Results indicated that the parents interviewed tended to perceive three distinct types of transition: bureaucratic, family life, and adult status. Generational patterns of parental response to these transitions are discussed in terms of professional relationships and self-reliance. A matrix of these response patterns is presented. The findings suggested several ways in which parent-professional cooperation around transition events might be improved.

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McCarthy, John, Larissa Titarenko, Clark McPhail, Patrick Rafail, and Boguslaw Augustyn. "Assessing Stability in the Patterns of Selection Bias in Newspaper Coverage of Protest During the Transition from Communism in Belarus*." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.13.2.u45461350302663v.

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Analyses of selection bias in the coverage of protest events in Minsk, Belarus between 1990 and 1995 are presented. The rapid changes characterizing Minsk during its transition from Communism made it an ideal location for investigating the stability of the patterns of selection bias. Police records of 817 protest events were used to create a protest event dataset, and Minsk's four daily newspapers were read for the entire period in order to establish estimates of event coverage. Results show that large events, events with strong sponsors and, in two of the four newspapers, events accompanied by arrests are each more likely to receive coverage. These effects remain stable through phases of the transition for the combined coverage in any of the papers. The selection factors of event size and event sponsorship also display stability across media source, although the impact of arrests is not always consequential.

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Burgin, Reto, Reto Schumacher, and Gilbert Ritschard. "Changes in the Order of Family Life Events in 20th-Century Europe: A Cross-Regional Perspective." Historical Life Course Studies 4 (March 21, 2017): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs9338.

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This article analyzes the evolution of the sequencing of family life events in Europe during the second half of the 20th century using individual data from the European Social Survey and from the Generation and Gender Program. Considering the four events ‘leaving the parental home‘, ‘first cohabiting union‘, ‘first marriage‘, and ‘first parenthood‘, we hypothesize a transition from a traditional standard event order characterized by a high degree of synchronization between the first three events towards a new standard whose features are a high degree of de-synchronization between first cohabitation and first marriage and a reversal of the traditional order between first marriage and first parenthood. We also hypothesize cross-regional differences in the timing and in the shape of the transition from one standard to another. Applying specifically developed tools to visualize and analyze event sequences, we show important regional variation in the evolution of the sequencing of family life events. Hardly any change can be observed in Southern Europe, where the sequencing behavior of family events has remained highly standardized and rooted in the traditional standard. In Eastern Europe where family event sequences have become less standardized and where a particular sequence characterized by the reversal of the traditional order between leaving home and family formation has been observed, the hypothesized transition is still in its very beginning. In Western Europe the transition is clearly on its way, but no re-standardization towards a new standard can be observed as for now. As expected, the transition is most advanced in Northern Europe, where evidence for a certain re-standardization process in the sequencing of family life events has been found.

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Saad, Ghadi, and Taoufik Bouraoui. "Currency returns during democratic transition: evidence from Tunisia." Managerial Finance 45, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 966–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-04-2018-0143.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the question whether democratic transition elections influence currency returns. Also, the paper examines the behavior of the currency market around these elections in Tunisia. Design/methodology/approach Empirical data are collected from the International Monetary Fund, the Central Bank of Tunisia and the Tunisian stock market websites. The paper employs event study analysis using a market model and investigates abnormal currency returns around the four election events that occurred during the period of democratic transition in Tunisia (2011–2015). A robustness test is also conducted to control for monetary policy effects. Findings The results indicate that democratic transition does impact currency returns. The authors did not find any significant effect on the events dates (t0). However, event windows around the elections days reacted significantly to the events. The authors notice a significant decrease in cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) at event periods leading up to the elections. Post-event windows perceived negative CARs in the first and second election, and positive CARs in the last two elections. The authors also find that the change in the victors of the elections does not cause major differences to CARs. Further, the authors do not find significant results when controlling for inflation and interest rate. Originality/value There is no evidence yet on how democratic transition elections can affect currency returns. Given that currency is a leading indicator of the performance of the financial sector, this paper should provide policymakers with new evidence on the response of currency returns to democratic transition.

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Kotiyal, Srishti, and Susinjan Bhattacharya. "Events of Molecular Changes in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition." Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 26, no. 2 (2016): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2016016307.

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Moses, D., and J. W. Cook. "The coronal context of transition region explosive events." Space Science Reviews 70, no. 1-2 (October 1994): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00777846.

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Ewald, Brian D., Jeffrey Humpherys, and Jeremy M. West. "Computing Expected Transition Events in Reducible Markov Chains." SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications 31, no. 3 (January 2010): 1040–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/080726082.

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Warren, Harry P., David H. Brooks, George A. Doschek, and Uri Feldman. "TRANSITION REGION ABUNDANCE MEASUREMENTS DURING IMPULSIVE HEATING EVENTS." Astrophysical Journal 824, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637x/824/1/56.

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Stevenson, Jacob D., and David J. Wales. "Communication: Analysing kinetic transition networks for rare events." Journal of Chemical Physics 141, no. 4 (July 28, 2014): 041104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4891356.

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Zuckerman, Daniel M., and Thomas B. Woolf. "Transition events in butane simulations: Similarities across models." Journal of Chemical Physics 116, no. 6 (February 8, 2002): 2586–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1433501.

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Li, Dong. "Transition-region explosive events produced by plasmoid instability." Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 19, no. 5 (May 2019): 067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/19/5/67.

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Colglazier, Elizabeth, Angelica J. Ng, Claire Parker, Hythem Nawaytou, and Jeffrey R. Fineman. "Safety and Tolerability of a Rapid Transition From Intravenous Treprostinil to Oral Selexipag in Three Adolescent Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 26, no. 5 (June 28, 2021): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-26.5.512.

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There is limited published experience with transitioning pediatric patients from parenteral treprostinil to oral selexipag therapy. In addition, published transitions have typically been protracted, taking several weeks to complete. We present a case series of 3 adolescent patients who were transitioned from parenteral treprostinil to oral selexipag over a 5- to 7-day period. Their clinical courses leading up to the transitions are summarized and their outcomes are described. The 3 patients were successfully rapidly transitioned during an inpatient hospitalization without any observed adverse events or prostacyclin-related side effects. We conclude that when indicated rapid transition of parenteral to oral prostacyclin therapy may be performed safely in adolescents in an inpatient setting.

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Rogacheva, Olga N., Boris F. Shchegolev, Elena A. Vershinina, Alexander A. Tokmakov, and Vasiliy E. Stefanov. "Electrostatic Switch Function in the Mechanism of Protein Kinase A IαActivation: Results of the Molecular Dynamics Simulation." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5846073.

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We used molecular dynamics to find the average path of the A-domainH→Bconformational transition in protein kinase A Iα. We obtained thirteen productive trajectories and processed them sequentially using factor and cross-correlation analyses. The conformational transition is presented as partly deterministic sequence of six events. Event B representsH→Btransition of the phosphate binding cassette. Main participants of this event form electrostatic switch cAMP(O6)–A202(N-H)–G199(C=O). Through this switch, cAMP transmits information about its binding to hydrophobic switch L203–Y229 and thus triggers conformational transition of A-domain. Events C and D consist in N3A-motif displacement towards phosphate binding cassette and B/C-helix rotation. Event E involves an increase in interaction energy between Y229 andβ-subdomain. Taken together, events B, E, and D correspond to the hinge movement towardsβ-barrel. Transition of B/C-helix turn (a.a. 229–234) fromα-form toπ-form accounts for event F. Event G implies thatπ-helical turn is replaced by kink. Emerging in the resulting conformation, electrostatic interaction R241–E200 facilitates kink formation. The obtained data on the mechanism of cAMP-dependent activation of PKA Iαmay contribute to new approaches to designing pharmaceuticals based on cAMP analogs.

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Dohan, Kathleen, and Russ E. Davis. "Mixing in the Transition Layer during Two Storm Events." Journal of Physical Oceanography 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 42–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jpo4253.1.

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Abstract Upper-ocean dynamics analyzed from mooring-array observations are contrasted between two storms of comparable magnitude. Particular emphasis is put on the role of the transition layer, the strongly stratified layer between the well-mixed upper layer, and the deeper more weakly stratified region. The midlatitude autumn storms occurred within 20 days of each other and were measured at five moorings. In the first storm, the mixed layer follows a classical slab-layer response, with a steady deepening during the course of the storm and little mixing of the thermocline beneath. In the second storm, rather than deepening, the mixed layer shoals while intense near-inertial waves are resonantly excited within the mixed layer. These create a large shear throughout the transition layer, generating turbulence that broadens the transition layer. Details of the space–time structure of the frequencies in both short waves and near-inertial waves are presented. Small-scale waves are excited within the transition layer. Their frequencies change with time and there are no clear peaks at harmonics of inertial or tidal frequencies. Wavelet transforms of the inertial oscillations show the evolution as a spreading in frequency, a deepening of the core into the transition layer, and a shift off the inertial frequency. A second near-inertial energy core appears below the transition layer at all moorings coincident with a rapid decay of mixed layer currents. An overall result is that direct wind-generated motions extend to the depth of the transition layer. The transition layer is a location of enhanced wave activity and enhanced shear-driven mixing.

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Temme, Franziska, Jenny V. Turton, Thomas Mölg, and Tobias Sauter. "Flow Regimes and Föhn Types Characterize the Local Climate of Southern Patagonia." Atmosphere 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090899.

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The local climate in Southern Patagonia is strongly influenced by the interaction between the topography and persistent westerlies, which can generate föhn events, dry and warm downslope winds. The upstream flow regime influences different föhn types which dictate the lee-side atmospheric response regarding the strength, spatial extent and phenomenology. We use a combination of observations from four automatic weather stations (AWSs) and high-resolution numerical modeling with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for a region in Southern Patagonia (48° S–52° S, 72° W–76.5° W) including the Southern Patagonian Icefield (SPI). The application of a föhn identification algorithm to a 10-month study period (June 2018–March 2019) reveals 81 föhn events in total. A simulation of three events of differing flow regimes (supercritical, subcritical, transition) suggests that a supercritical flow regime leads to a linear föhn event with a large spatial extent but moderate intensity. In contrast, a spatially limited but locally strong föhn response is induced by a subcritical regime with upstream blocking and by a transition regime with a hydraulic jump present. Our results imply that the hydraulic jump-type föhn event (transition case) is the most critical for glacier mass balances since it shows the strongest warming, drying, wind velocities and solar radiation over the SPI. The consideration of flow regimes over the last 40 years shows that subcritical flow occurs most frequently (78%), however transitional flow occurs 14% of the time, implying the potential impact on Patagonian glaciers.

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Lai, Yi-Huei, and Jiun-Jih Miau. "An investigation into the nonstationary characteristics of separation-bubble formation on a smooth circular cylinder in the critical transition range." Journal of Mechanics 37 (2021): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufab011.

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Abstract To investigate the characteristics of the separation-bubble formation of flow over a smooth circular cylinder in the critical transition range, a sliding-window (SW) method and a peak-valley (PV) method were proposed to identify the intermittent jumps, named the characteristic events, in the real-time pressure signal obtained on both sides of the cylinder model. By evaluating the counts of the qualified events of the SW and PV methods, the PV method was found less sensitive to the small-scale disturbances in the pressure signal, therefore was adopted for later analysis. With the PV method, the characteristic events were identified from the pressure signal and categorized into two types: Type-1 is referred to the events of pressure descending and Type-2 is referred to the events of pressure ascending. Subsequently, the count per minute of the characteristic events was determined for describing the intermittency of the separation-bubble formation, and the time scale of each of the characteristic event was regarded as the time length of the separation-bubble formation. The count per minute of the characteristic events appeared to be the highest in the transitional regime. While the time scales of the characteristic events were varying with Reynolds number, the weighting-averaged normalized time scales in the transitional regime of the three cases studied were found comparable to the normalized time scale of the lift jump noted in the literature. Physically, the characteristic events found in the pressure signals in this study can be attributed to the three-dimensional aspect of separation-bubble formation.

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Procheş, Şerban, Gianluca Polgar, and David J. Marshall. "K-Pg events facilitated lineage transitions between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems." Biology Letters 10, no. 6 (June 2014): 20140010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0010.

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We use dated phylogenetic trees for tetrapod vertebrates to identify lineages that shifted between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in terms of feeding or development, and to assess the timing of such events. Both stem and crown lineage ages indicate a peak in transition events in correspondence with the K-Pg mass extinction. This meets the prediction that changes in competitive pressure and resource availability following mass extinction events should facilitate such transitions.

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Liu, An, Xiao Yu Zhang, and Kai Ge Zhang. "Gait Transition of Quadruped Robot Using Time Sequence Control Based on Finite-State Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 2799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.2799.

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The adaptability of velocity changing of quadruped robot needs to be realized by gait transition. In this paper, a gait transition method of a quadruped robot based on changing the time sequence was investigated. The swing phase and the stance phase are separated by finite-state machine (FSM), and the locomotion gait involves breaking/enforcing synchronization or changing the order of leg liftoff events, it makes the duration time of liftoff and touchdown events variable. The gait transition from walk to trot is realized by the combination driving of time and event. The experiment is verified by interactive co-simulation among Matlab-Adams. The transition method satisfies the velocity changing of quadruped robot.

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Archambault, Heather M., Daniel Keyser, and Lance F. Bosart. "Relationships between Large-Scale Regime Transitions and Major Cool-Season Precipitation Events in the Northeastern United States." Monthly Weather Review 138, no. 9 (September 1, 2010): 3454–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3362.1.

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Abstract This observational study investigates statistical and synoptic–dynamic relationships between regime transitions, defined as a North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or Pacific–North American pattern (PNA) index change from at least a 1 standard deviation anomaly to at least a 1 standard deviation anomaly of opposite sign within 7 days, and cool-season (November–April) northeastern U.S. (NE) precipitation. A statistical analysis is performed of daily cool-season NE precipitation during all NAO and PNA transitions for 1948–2003, and a composite analysis and case study of a major cool-season NE precipitation event occurring during a positive-to-negative NAO transition are conducted. Datasets used are the 0.25° NCEP Unified Precipitation Dataset, the 2.5° NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, and the 1.125° 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40). Results of the statistical analysis suggest that cool-season NE precipitation tends to be enhanced during positive-to-negative NAO and negative-to-positive PNA transitions, and suppressed during negative-to-positive NAO and positive-to-negative PNA transitions. Of the four types of regime transitions, only the positive-to-negative NAO transition is associated with substantially more frequent major cool-season NE precipitation events compared to climatology. Results of the composite analysis and case study indicate that a surface cyclone and cyclonic wave breaking associated with the major NE precipitation event can help produce a high-latitude blocking pattern over the North Atlantic characteristic of a negative NAO pattern via thermal advection, potential vorticity transport, and diabatic processes.

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Brorson, James R., and Zachary B. Bulwa. "Two-State Kinetic Model of Rates of Stroke Recurrence in the POINT Study Population." Stroke 52, no. 4 (April 2021): 1446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.031447.

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Background and Purpose: Following an acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, 2 rates of stroke recurrence are suggested by data from trials of acute secondary prevention treatments: a transient rapid rate followed by a persisting slower rate of stroke. Methods: A kinetic model was constructed based on underlying vulnerable and stabilized states of patients following acute ischemic events related by fixed transition rates. Its predictions were fitted by nonlinear regression to the observed timing of outcome events in patients in the POINT trial (Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke). Results: The modeled survivor function produced a close fit to the observed data. The model's predicted kinetic rates suggest that, among subjects in the control group, the event rate was 100-fold higher in the vulnerable state than in the stabilized state. Active treatment halved this rapid rate and had little effect on event rates in the stabilized state. If at least one-tenth of the study population began in the vulnerable state, the rate of transition from the vulnerable to the stabilized state was still faster, with a half-life of only 1 to 2 days. Conclusions: Examination of kinetics of stroke occurrence, and of the rates associated with modeled state transitions, may provide insights into the underlying pathophysiological events that are targets for acute secondary prevention of stroke.

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Myles, Nicholas, Matthew Large, Hannah Myles, Robert Adams, Dennis Liu, and Cherrie Galletly. "Australia’s economic transition, unemployment, suicide and mental health needs." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 51, no. 2 (October 31, 2016): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867416675035.

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Objective: There have been substantial changes in workforce and employment patterns in Australia over the past 50 years as a result of economic globalisation. This has resulted in substantial reduction in employment in the manufacturing industry often with large-scale job losses in concentrated sectors and communities. Large-scale job loss events receive significant community attention. To what extent these mass unemployment events contribute to increased psychological distress, mental illness and suicide in affected individuals warrants further consideration. Methods: Here we undertake a narrative review of published job loss literature. We discuss the impact that large-scale job loss events in the manufacturing sector may have on population mental health, with particular reference to contemporary trends in the Australian economy. We also provide a commentary on the expected outcomes of future job loss events in this context and the implications for Australian public mental health care services. Results and conclusion: Job loss due to plant closure results in a doubling of psychological distress that peaks 9 months following the unemployment event. The link between job loss and increased rates of mental illness and suicide is less clear. The threat of impending job loss and the social context in which job loss occurs has a significant bearing on psychological outcomes. The implications for Australian public mental health services are discussed.

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Bury, T. M., C. T. Bauch, and M. Anand. "Detecting and distinguishing tipping points using spectral early warning signals." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 170 (September 2020): 20200482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0482.

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Theory and observation tell us that many complex systems exhibit tipping points—thresholds involving an abrupt and irreversible transition to a contrasting dynamical regime. Such events are commonly referred to as critical transitions. Current research seeks to develop early warning signals (EWS) of critical transitions that could help prevent undesirable events such as ecosystem collapse. However, conventional EWS do not indicate the type of transition, since they are based on the generic phenomena of critical slowing down. For instance, they may fail to distinguish the onset of oscillations (e.g. Hopf bifurcation) from a transition to a distant attractor (e.g. Fold bifurcation). Moreover, conventional EWS are less reliable in systems with density-dependent noise. Other EWS based on the power spectrum (spectral EWS) have been proposed, but they rely upon spectral reddening, which does not occur prior to critical transitions with an oscillatory component. Here, we use Ornstein–Uhlenbeck theory to derive analytic approximations for EWS prior to each type of local bifurcation, thereby creating new spectral EWS that provide greater sensitivity to transition proximity; higher robustness to density-dependent noise and bifurcation type; and clues to the type of approaching transition. We demonstrate the advantage of applying these spectral EWS in concert with conventional EWS using a population model, and show that they provide a characteristic signal prior to two different Hopf bifurcations in data from a predator–prey chemostat experiment. The ability to better infer and differentiate the nature of upcoming transitions in complex systems will help humanity manage critical transitions in the Anthropocene Era.

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Finkel, Justin, Dorian S. Abbot, and Jonathan Weare. "Path Properties of Atmospheric Transitions: Illustration with a Low-Order Sudden Stratospheric Warming Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 2327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0278.1.

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AbstractMany rare weather events, including hurricanes, droughts, and floods, dramatically impact human life. To accurately forecast these events and characterize their climatology requires specialized mathematical techniques to fully leverage the limited data that are available. Here we describe transition path theory (TPT), a framework originally developed for molecular simulation, and argue that it is a useful paradigm for developing mechanistic understanding of rare climate events. TPT provides a method to calculate statistical properties of the paths into the event. As an initial demonstration of the utility of TPT, we analyze a low-order model of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW), a dramatic disturbance to the polar vortex that can induce extreme cold spells at the surface in the midlatitudes. SSW events pose a major challenge for seasonal weather prediction because of their rapid, complex onset and development. Climate models struggle to capture the long-term statistics of SSW, owing to their diversity and intermittent nature. We use a stochastically forced Holton–Mass-type model with two stable states, corresponding to radiative equilibrium and a vacillating SSW-like regime. In this stochastic bistable setting, from certain probabilistic forecasts TPT facilitates estimation of dominant transition pathways and return times of transitions. These “dynamical statistics” are obtained by solving partial differential equations in the model’s phase space. With future application to more complex models, TPT and its constituent quantities promise to improve the predictability of extreme weather events through both generation and principled evaluation of forecasts.

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Peterson, Candida C. "The Ticking of the Social Clock: Adults' Beliefs about the Timing of Transition Events." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 42, no. 3 (January 1, 1996): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/mmdd-f9yp-npn8-720m.

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In two studies, beliefs about descriptive and prescriptive age norms for adult developmental transitions were examined in a sample of 214 Australian university students aged seventeen to fifty years. The results of Study 1 revealed a belief by the vast majority that descriptive age norms still exist for both family transitions (marriage, parenthood, grandparenthood) and career transitions (leaving school, retirement). While these results were in keeping with those of Neugarten et al.'s [1] original study of age norms in the United States, the actual “best” normative ages recommended by this sample of contemporary Australian adults differed in every case from the U.S. age norms [1] of three decades ago. Matching contemporary demographic trends, the present Australian young-adult sample advocated later ages for marriage and grandparenthood, a younger norm for leaving school, and a broader normative age range for retiring from work. Study 2 tested Neugarten's hypothesis that age norms today lack some of the prescriptive overtones implicit in original “social clock” concept [2]. The results supported this suggestion. In fact, only a minority of contemporary Australian adults believed that there were prescriptive upper age boundaries for first marriage or university study. Furthermore, their prescriptive lower age limits for every transition except retirement fell at or below the onset of adulthood itself (18 years), in keeping with biological constraints on procreation and maturational constraints on social and cognitive development. The mean ranges of acceptability prescribed by this Australian sample for each key adult transition were likewise very wide, stretching from an average of twenty-four years (for motherhood) to forty-nine years (for a man's first marriage). This result also contrasts sharply with the ranges of no more than five years prescribed for the same transitions by the vast majority of Neugarten et al.'s sample three decade ago [1]. The probable consequences for self-esteem, mental health and life planning of this heightened variability and reduced prescriptiveness in the timing of life events for contemporary men and women were discussed.

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Zhou, Xiaoping, Xiaotian Li, Wei Song, Xiangbin Kong, and Xiao Lu. "Farmland Transitions in China: An Advocacy Coalition Approach." Land 10, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020122.

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In recent decades, global social and economic development has resulted in substantial land-use transitions. This was first observed with respect to losses of forested land, attracting worldwide concern. Forest transitions have an important impact on global ecology, whilst farmland transitions are key in terms of global food security. However, research into farmland transitions is lacking, particularly with respect to mechanistic analysis. Using data on China’s farmland areas between 1950 and 2017, we investigated the transitional characteristics, and triggers, of farmland change through linear regression analysis. Furthermore, based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework, we reveal the internal mechanism of these transitions. Our main findings are as follows: (1) between 1950 and 2017, China’s farmland area exhibited significant growth, and there were two transitions, namely in 1984 and 2004; (2) macroscopic economic and social changes determine the overall evolution of the farmland area; (3) there were two advocacy coalitions in the farmland transition policy subsystem—the farmland supplement and farmland consumption coalitions; (4) under the influence of macroscopic economic and social development, external events play a catalytic role in the transitions, and relatively stable parameters have an indirect but lasting effect in terms of transition outcomes.

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Nilsson, A., K. E. Arzén, and T. F. Petti. "Model-Based Diagnosis - State Transition Events and Constraint Equations." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 25, no. 10 (June 1992): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)50847-2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Transition events'

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