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Journal articles on the topic 'Transition metals; Chirality; Ruthenium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Phansavath, Phannarath, Virginie Ratovelomanana-Vidal, Sudipta Ponra, and Bernard Boudet. "Recent Developments in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Enamides." Synthesis 53, no. 02 (2020): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705939.

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AbstractThe catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral olefins is one of the most widely studied and utilized transformations in asymmetric synthesis. This straightforward, atom economical, inherently direct and sustainable strategy induces chirality in a broad range of substrates and is widely relevant for both industrial applications and academic research. In addition, the asymmetric hydrogenation of enamides has been widely used for the synthesis of chiral amines and their derivatives. In this review, we summarize the recent work in this field, focusing on the development of new cataly

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2

Leroux, Frédéric R., Armen Panossian, and David Augros. "Control of axial chirality in absence of transition metals based on arynes." Comptes Rendus Chimie 20, no. 6 (2017): 682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2016.12.001.

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3

Enders, Dieter, Heike Gielen, and Klaus Breuer. "Axial Chirality in Square-Planar Metal Complexes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 53, no. 9 (1998): 1035–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1998-0916.

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Metal complexes with a square-planar arrangement of ligands are frequently found for the late Transition Metals. The incorporation of C1-symmetrical planar ligands (e.g. nucleophilic carbenes) in an orientation perpendicular to the square-plane of the complex leads to various isomers which are characterized by means of an axis of chirality employing the well established Cahn-Ingold-Prelog -R/S-nomenclature.

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4

Govindaswamy, Padavattan, David Linder, Jérôme Lacour, Georg Süss-Fink, and Bruno Therrien. "Self-assembled hexanuclear arene ruthenium metallo-prisms with unexpected double helical chirality." Chem. Commun., no. 45 (2006): 4691–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b610155k.

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5

Li, Xu-Wen, and Bastien Nay. "Transition metal-promoted biomimetic steps in total syntheses." Nat. Prod. Rep. 31, no. 4 (2014): 533–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3np70077a.

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Important biomimetic steps in natural product synthesis have been promoted by transition metals, as exemplified by this beautiful ruthenium-catalyzed rearrangement of an endoperoxide into elysiapyrone A. Such reactions are supposed to occur during the biosynthesis, yet under different catalysis conditions.

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6

Cossy, Janine. "Efficient cyclization routes to substituted heterocyclic compounds mediated by transition-metal catalysts." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 7 (2010): 1365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-09-12.

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Cyclizations induced by transition metals such as palladium, platinum, gold, and ruthenium can produce functionalized heterocycles such as 3-(arylmethylene)isoindolones, γ-lactones, and unsaturated δ-lactones.

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7

Singh, Keisham. "Recent Advances in C–H Bond Functionalization with Ruthenium-Based Catalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (2019): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020173.

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The past decades have witnessed rapid development in organic synthesis via catalysis, particularly the reactions through C–H bond functionalization. Transition metals such as Pd, Rh and Ru constitute a crucial catalyst in these C–H bond functionalization reactions. This process is highly attractive not only because it saves reaction time and reduces waste,but also, more importantly, it allows the reaction to be performed in a highly region specific manner. Indeed, several organic compounds could be readily accessed via C–H bond functionalization with transition metals. In the recent past, trem

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8

Mei, Ruhuai, Julian Koeller, and Lutz Ackermann. "Electrochemical ruthenium-catalyzed alkyne annulations by C–H/Het–H activation of aryl carbamates or phenols in protic media." Chemical Communications 54, no. 91 (2018): 12879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc07732k.

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Electrooxidative peri-C–H activation was accomplished by versatile ruthenium(ii) catalysis in terms of C–H/N–H and C–H/O–H functionalization. The sustainable electrocatalysis exploited electricity, thereby avoiding the use of toxic transition metals as sacrificial oxidants.

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9

Reinholdt, Anders, Konrad Herbst, and Jesper Bendix. "Delivering carbide ligands to sulfide-rich clusters." Chemical Communications 52, no. 10 (2016): 2015–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc08918b.

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The propensity of the terminal ruthenium carbide Ru(C)Cl<sub>2</sub>(PCy<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (RuC) to form carbide bridges to electron-rich transition metals enables synthetic routes to metal clusters with coexisting carbide and sulfide ligands.

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10

Malehmir, M., and B. Khoshnevisan. "Chirality effect on nearly half-metallic properties in systematic endo-doping of 3d transition metals of narrow carbon nanotubes." Chemical Physics 478 (October 2016): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.05.006.

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11

Pannell, Keith H., James M. Rozell, and Woei Min Tsai. "Organometalloid derivatives of the transition metals. 13. Synthesis and characterization of polysilane derivatives of rhenium and ruthenium." Organometallics 6, no. 10 (1987): 2085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om00153a009.

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12

Li, Zheng-Zheng, Su-Yang Yao, Jin-Ji Wu, and Bao-Hui Ye. "In situ generation of sulfoxides with predetermined chirality via a structural template with a chiral-at-metal ruthenium complex." Chemical Communications 50, no. 42 (2014): 5644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc01907e.

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13

Mananghaya, Michael, Emmanuel Rodulfo, Gil Nonato Santos, Al Rey Villagracia, and Alvin Noe Ladines. "Theoretical Investigation on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Doped with Nitrogen, Pyridine-Like Nitrogen Defects, and Transition Metal Atoms." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/104891.

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This study addresses the inherent difficulty in synthesizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with uniform chirality and well-defined electronic properties through the introduction of dopants, topological defects, and intercalation of metals. Depending on the desired application, one can modify the electronic and magnetic properties of SWCNTs through an appropriate introduction of imperfections. This scheme broadens the application areas of SWCNTs. Under this motivation, we present our ongoing investigations of the following models: (i) (10, 0) and (5, 5) SWCNT doped with nitrogen (CNxN

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14

Guðmundsson, Arnar, and Jan-E. Bäckvall. "On the Use of Iron in Organic Chemistry." Molecules 25, no. 6 (2020): 1349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061349.

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Transition metal catalysis in modern organic synthesis has largely focused on noble transition metals like palladium, platinum and ruthenium. The toxicity and low abundance of these metals, however, has led to a rising focus on the development of the more sustainable base metals like iron, copper and nickel for use in catalysis. Iron is a particularly good candidate for this purpose due to its abundance, wide redox potential range, and the ease with which its properties can be tuned through the exploitation of its multiple oxidation states, electron spin states and redox potential. This is a f

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15

Machado, João Franco, João D. G. Correia, and Tânia S. Morais. "Emerging Molecular Receptors for the Specific-Target Delivery of Ruthenium and Gold Complexes into Cancer Cells." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113153.

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Cisplatin and derivatives are highly effective in the treatment of a wide range of cancer types; however, these metallodrugs display low selectivity, leading to severe side effects. Additionally, their administration often results in the development of chemoresistance, which ultimately results in therapeutic failure. This scenario triggered the study of other transition metals with innovative pharmacological profiles as alternatives to platinum, ruthenium- (e.g., KP1339 and NAMI-A) and gold-based (e.g., Auranofin) complexes being among the most advanced in terms of clinical evaluation. Concern

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16

Peng, Bin, Qian-Shu Li, Yaoming Xie, R. Bruce King, and Henry F. Schaefer III. "Unsaturated trinuclear ruthenium carbonyls: large structural differences between analogous carbonyl derivatives of the first, second, and third row transition metals." Dalton Transactions, no. 48 (2008): 6977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b810710f.

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17

Chen, Gong, Arantzazu Mascaraque, Hongying Jia, et al. "Large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction induced by chemisorbed oxygen on a ferromagnet surface." Science Advances 6, no. 33 (2020): eaba4924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba4924.

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The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is an antisymmetric exchange interaction that stabilizes chiral spin textures. It is induced by inversion symmetry breaking in noncentrosymmetric lattices or at interfaces. Recently, interfacial DMI has been found in magnetic layers adjacent to transition metals due to the spin-orbit coupling and at interfaces with graphene due to the Rashba effect. We report direct observation of strong DMI induced by chemisorption of oxygen on a ferromagnetic layer at room temperature. The sign of this DMI and its unexpectedly large magnitude—despite the low atomic

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18

May, Bonnie L., Henry Yee, and Donald G. Lee. "Oxygen transfer reactions. 2. A comparison of the reactions of ruthenium tetroxide, chromyl chloride, and permanganate with thianthrene 5-oxide." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 11 (1994): 2249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-286.

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Products obtained from the oxidation of thianthrene 5-oxide, SSO, have been used to compare oxygen transfer mechanisms for three high-valent transition metals. Oxidation of SSO by benzyltriethylammonium permanganate in methylene chloride gives the corresponding sulfone, thianthrene 5,5-dioxide (SSO2), as the exclusive product. Oxidation of SSO by ruthenium tetroxide also gives SSO2 as the predominant product along with minor amounts of the disulfoxide, thianthrene 5,10-dioxide (SOSO). However, the converse is observed when chromyl chloride is used as the oxidant; SOSO is the major product. It

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19

Nabeshima, Tatsuya, Tadashi Inaba, Naomichi Furukawa, Shunji Ohshima, Toshiyuki Hosoya, and Yumihiko Yano. "Selective recognition for heavy and transition metals by novel polyethers bearing bipyridines, and molecular chirality of pseudocrown structure in the Cu(I) complex." Tetrahedron Letters 31, no. 45 (1990): 6543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)97112-0.

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20

Tao, W. Andy, R. Graham Cooks, and Eugene N. Nikolaev. "Chiral Preferences in the Dissociation of Homogeneous Amino Acid/Metal Ion Clusters." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 8, no. 2 (2002): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.478.

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Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of alanine or phenylalanine aggregates with various cations, including the proton, alkali metal ions, calcium and zinc, as well as the transition metals Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II), has been studied by tandem mass spectrometry. In these experiments, an isotopically labeled, chirally-pure amino acid (L-Ala-d3 and L-Phe-d5) is mixed with its unlabeled enantiomer and a metal salt and the clusters generated by electrospray ionization are mass-selected and subjected to CID. The relative stability of the precursor ions, as well as product-ion abundance ratios in th

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21

Zhang, Jizhen, Emily Kerr, Ken Aldren S. Usman, et al. "Cathodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) and peroxydisulfate at pure Ti3C2Tx MXene electrodes." Chemical Communications 56, no. 69 (2020): 10022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc02993a.

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Two-dimensional transition metal carbide (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene) film as a novel electrode material for electrogenerated chemiluminescence of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) and peroxydisulfate.

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22

Hughbanks, Timothy, and John D. Corbett. "Encapsulation of heavy transition metals in iodide clusters. Synthesis, structure, and bonding of the unusual cluster phase yttrium iodide-ruthenium (Y6I10Ru)." Inorganic Chemistry 28, no. 4 (1989): 631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00303a004.

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23

Sweigert, Patrick, Zhiming Xu, Yiling Hong, and Shawn Swavey. "Nickel, copper, and zinc centered ruthenium-substituted porphyrins: effect of transition metals on photoinduced DNA cleavage and photoinduced melanoma cell toxicity." Dalton Transactions 41, no. 17 (2012): 5201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2dt12331b.

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24

Xu, Wen Yuan, Na Na Xu, Wei Long, Lin Hu, and San Guo Hong. "Theoretical Investigations of the Mechanism of CO₂-CH₄ Reforming Reaction Catalyzed by Transition Metals (Pt, Rh, Ru) under a Supercritical Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 795–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.795.

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A mechanism of CO2-CH4 reforming over supported transition metal catalysts (platinum, rhodium, ruthenium) under a supercritical condition (304.13K, 72.90atm) was investigated using the B3LYP density functional method and MP2 method. Results obtained show that there are two channels in this reaction. The oxidized material is the most important catalyst in each reaction channel. For Pt, Rh and Ru, the rate-determining step of the reaction is the same - the step of CO2 activation. Because of the large activation energies, the oxide reforming on Rh and Ru catalysts can't proceed under the supercri

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25

Poursharifi, Mina, Marek T. Wlodarczyk, and Aneta J. Mieszawska. "Nano-Based Systems and Biomacromolecules as Carriers for Metallodrugs in Anticancer Therapy." Inorganics 7, no. 1 (2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7010002.

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Since the discovery of cisplatin and its potency in anticancer therapy, the development of metallodrugs has been an active area of research. The large choice of transition metals, oxidation states, coordinating ligands, and different geometries, allows for the design of metal-based agents with unique mechanisms of action. Many metallodrugs, such as titanium, ruthenium, gallium, tin, gold, and copper-based complexes have been found to have anticancer activities. However, biological application of these agents necessitates aqueous solubility and low systemic toxicity. This minireview highlights

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26

Phillips, Ana M. F., and Armando J. L. Pombeiro. "Transition Metal-Based Prodrugs for Anticancer Drug Delivery." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 41 (2020): 7476–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867326666181203141122.

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: Transition metal complexes, of which the platinum(II) complex cisplatin is an example, have been used in medicine to treat cancer for more than 40 years. Although many successes have been achieved, there are problems associated with the use of these drugs, such as side effects and drug resistance. Converting them into prodrugs, to make them more inert, so that they can travel to the tumour site unchanged and release the drug in its active form only there, is a strategy which is the subject of much research nowadays. The new prodrugs may be activated and release the cytotoxic agent by differe

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27

Melián-Rodríguez, Saravanamurugan, Meier, Kegnæs, and Riisager. "Ru-Catalyzed Oxidative Cleavage of Guaiacyl Glycerol--Guaiacyl Ether-a Representative -O-4 Lignin Model Compound." Catalysts 9, no. 10 (2019): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9100832.

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The introduction of efficient and selective catalytic methods for aerobic oxidation of lignin and lignin model compounds to aromatics can extend the role of lignin applications in biorefineries. The current study focussed on the catalytic oxidative transformation of guaiacyl glycerol--guaiacyl ether (GGGE)–a -O-4 lignin model compound to produce basic aromatic compounds (guaiacol, vanillin and vanillic acid) using metal-supported catalysts. Ru/Al2O3, prepared with ruthenium(IV) oxide hydrate, showed the highest yields of the desired products (60%) in acetonitrile in a batch reactor at 160 C an

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28

Chen, Ting, Qing Chen, Ge-Bo Pan, Li-Jun Wan, Qi-Long Zhou, and Rong-Ben Zhang. "Linear dislocation tunes chirality: STM study of chiral transition and amplification in a molecular assembly on an HOPG surface." Chemical Communications, no. 19 (2009): 2649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b817525j.

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29

Jain, Swapan S., Craig M. Anderson, Iden A. Sapse, et al. "A ruthenium–platinum metal complex that binds to sarcin ricin loop RNA and lowers mRNA expression." Chemical Communications 54, no. 65 (2018): 8987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc02131g.

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30

Cerón-Camacho, Ricardo, Manuel A. Roque-Ramires, Alexander D. Ryabov, and Ronan Le Lagadec. "Cyclometalated Osmium Compounds and beyond: Synthesis, Properties, Applications." Molecules 26, no. 6 (2021): 1563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061563.

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The synthesis of cyclometalated osmium complexes is usually more complicated than of other transition metals such as Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, where cyclometalation reactions readily occur via direct activation of C–H bonds. It differs also from their ruthenium analogs. Cyclometalation for osmium usually occurs under more severe conditions, in polar solvents, using specific precursors, stronger acids, or bases. Such requirements expand reaction mechanisms to electrophilic activation, transmetalation, and oxidative addition, often involving C–H bond activations. Osmacycles exhibit specific applications i

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31

Collins, James E., and Cassandra L. Fraser. "Transition Metals as Templates for Multifunctional Initiators: Bulk Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Styrene Using Di-, Tetra- and Hexafunctional Ruthenium Tris(bipyridine) Reagents." Macromolecules 31, no. 19 (1998): 6715–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma9806256.

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32

Novokmet, Slobodan, Isidora Stojic, Katarina Radonjic, Maja Savic, and Jovana Jeremic. "Toxic Effects of Metallopharmaceuticals." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 18, no. 3 (2017): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2016-0082.

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Abstract Discovery of the metallopharmaceutical cisplatin and its use in antitumour therapy has initiated the rational design and screening of metal-based anticancer agents as potential chemotherapeutics. In addition to the achievements of cisplatin and its therapeutic analogues, there are significant drawbacks to its use: resistance and toxicity. Over the past four decades, numerous transition metal complexes have been synthesized and investigated in vitro and in vivo. The most studied metals among these complexes are platinum and ruthenium. The key features of these investigations is to find

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33

Dali, Ahmed, Ilhem Rekkab-Hammoumraoui, Sanaa El Korso, Souheyla Boudjema, and Abderrahim Choukchou-Braham. "Ruthenium-doped Titania-pillared Clay for The Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Cyclohexene: Influence of Ru Loading." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 14, no. 3 (2019): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4723.614-624.

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A series of ruthenium-based catalysts supported on acid-activated montmorillonite (PILC) and interspersed with titanium (Ru/Ti-PILCs) were prepared with various amounts of ruthenium. Their catalytic performances in the selective oxidation of cyclohexene, using tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant were checked. The clay structure modification by acid activation and impregnation of transition metals resulted in an enhanced Lewis and Bronsted acidities. The Ru/Ti-PILCs materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area and pore volume measurements, surface acidity follo

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34

Aboud, Mohamed F. Aly, Zeid A. ALOthman, and Abdulaziz A. Bagabas. "Hydrogen Storage in Untreated/Ammonia-Treated and Transition Metal-Decorated (Pt, Pd, Ni, Rh, Ir and Ru) Activated Carbons." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (2021): 6604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146604.

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Hydrogen storage may be the bottle neck in hydrogen economy, where hydrogen spillover is in dispute as an effective mechanism. In this context, activated carbon (AC) was doped with nitrogen by using ammonia gas, and was further decorated with platinum, palladium, nickel, rhodium, iridium and ruthenium, via an ultrasound-assisted impregnation method, with average particle sizes of around 74, 60, 78, 61, 67 and 38 nm, respectively. The hydrogen storage was compared, before and after modification at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures, for exploring the spillover effect, induced by the decora

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35

Ahmad, Nor E., Julian R. Jones, and William E. Lee. "Durability studies of simulated UK high level waste glass." MRS Proceedings 1665 (2014): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.657.

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ABSTRACTA simulated Magnox glass which is Mg- and Al- rich was subjected to aqueous corrosion in static mode with deionised water at 90 °C for 7-28 days and assessed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy X-Ray Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). XRD revealed both amorphous phase and crystals in the glass structure. The crystals were Ni and Cr rich spinels and ruthenium oxide. After two weeks of incubation in deionised water, the glass surface was covered by a ∼11 μm thick Si-rich layer w

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36

Mulahmetovic, Ensar, and Gráinne C. Hargaden. "Synthetic Routes to Oxazolines." Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry 16, no. 6 (2019): 507–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570193x15666180802105505.

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In this mini-review, the main synthetic routes used in the preparation of oxazolines is presented. The review is systematically carried out and the syntheses are presented in terms of precursors utilised (nitriles, aldehydes and carboxylic acids). Additionally, the reported synthesis of all chiral and achiral oxazolines involve either the use of amino alcohols as essential building blocks or some form of intramolecular cyclisation reactions. A comparison of the effectiveness of various reaction initiators such as Lewis acids, bases, oxidants and metals as well as their respective reaction cond

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37

Chuang, Chun-I., Vera Marinova, Shiuan-Huei Lin, and Yu-Faye Chao. "Phase-modulated ellipsometry for probing the temperature-induced phase transition in ruthenium-doped lead zinc niobate–lead titanate single crystal." Thin Solid Films 519, no. 9 (2011): 2867–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.12.085.

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38

Fokina, Z. A. "35Cl and 79Br NQR Spectra and the Secondary Bonding of Chalcogen Halide Complexes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, no. 1-2 (2000): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-1-228.

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The 35Cl and 79Br NQR spectra of chalcogen halide complexes of aluminium, gallium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, iron, ruthenium, osmium, iridium, rhodium, platinum, palladium and gold are discussed. Three structure types of these complexes have been distinguished by X-ray structure analysis: type I with AX2 ligand and [MXn„Am] coordination polyhedron; type II with AX3 ligand and [MXn+m] coordination polyhedron; type III, dimeric complexes with M-X-M bridge (where X = Cl, Br and A = S, Se, Te). The formation of secondary M-X-A or M-X-M bonds is

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39

Méndez-Mateos, David, V. Laura Barrio, Jesús M. Requies, and José F. Cambra. "Effect of the Addition of Alkaline Earth and Lanthanide Metals for the Modification of the Alumina Support in Ni and Ru Catalysts in CO2 Methanation." Catalysts 11, no. 3 (2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11030353.

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In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which are reaching alarming levels in the atmosphere, capture, recovery, and transformation of carbon dioxide emitted to methane is considered a potentially profitable process. This transformation, known as methanation, is a catalytic reaction that mainly uses catalysts based on noble metals such as Ru and, although with less efficiency, on transition metals such as Ni. In order to improve the efficiency of these conventional catalysts, the effect of adding alkaline earth metals (Ba, Ca, or Mg at 10 wt%) and lanthanides (La or Ce at 14 wt%) to nicke

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40

Mori, Tadashi, Hideaki Saito, and Yoshihisa Inoue. "Complete memory of chirality upon photodecarboxylation of mesityl alkanoate to mesitylalkane: theoretical and experimental evidence for cheletropic decarboxylation via a spiro-lactonic transition state." Chemical Communications, no. 18 (2003): 2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b305267b.

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41

Dębek, Paulina, Agnieszka Feliczak-Guzik, and Izabela Nowak. "Nanostructures: General information. The use of nanoobjects in medicine and cosmetology." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 71 (December 15, 2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7137.

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The general tendency towards the miniaturization of technological systems and materials has prompted intensive development of nanotechnology. It is a quickly developing area of science devoted to the production and application of nanomaterial structures defined as those whose one size does not exceed 100 nm. Nanostructures have been found to show new physical, chemical and biological properties often better than the corresponding materials made of particles of micrometric or macrometric sizes, so they have become of great interest in many areas of industry as well as other areas [22], such as

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42

Chatani, Naoto, Satoshi Inoue, Kazuhiko Yokota, Hiroto Tatamidani, and Yoshiya Fukumoto. "Chelation-assisted carbonylation reactions catalyzed by Rh and Ru complexes." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 7 (2010): 1443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-10-15.

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This account reviews chelation-assisted carbonylation reactions catalyzed by late transition metals. New carbonylation reactions are achieved with these catalysts in the presence of pyridin-2-ylmethanol and pyridin-2-ylmethylamine. The reactions involve activation of O-H and N-H bonds, coordination of the pyridine nitrogen to Rh being essential for the reaction to proceed. In addition, a new type of carbonylation of the ortho C-H bonds in aromatic amides in which the pyridin-2-ylmethylamino moiety functions as a bidentate directing group, is demonstrated. In this reaction, a dinuclear rutheniu

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Smirnova, Ekaterina S., Olga A. Alekseeva, Alexander P. Dudka, et al. "Crystal structure, phase transition and structural deformations in iron borate (Y0.95Bi0.05)Fe3(BO3)4in the temperature range 90–500 K." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 74, no. 2 (2018): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520618002962.

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An accurate X-ray diffraction study of (Y0.95Bi0.05)Fe3(BO3)4single crystals in the temperature range 90–500 K was performed on a laboratory diffractometer and used synchrotron radiation. It was established that the crystal undergoes a diffuse structural phase transition in the temperature range 350–380 K. The complexity of localization of such a transition over temperature was overcome by means of special analysis of systematic extinction reflections by symmetry. The transition temperature can be considered to beTstr≃ 370 K. The crystal has a trigonal structure in the space groupP3121 at temp

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Zykova, A. "Synthesis and Structure of Aryl Phosphorus Compounds." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Chemistry" 12, no. 4 (2020): 5–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/chem200401.

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Based on an analysis of the literature published from the late 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, methods for the synthesis of some complex tetraorganylphosphonium salts are systematized and described, along with the features of the chemical transformations of pentaphenylphosphorus, which was first obtained in 1953. The tetraorganylphosphonium salts were known much earlier, however, the features of the synthesis of transition metal complexes, which are usually obtained from tetraorganylphosphorus halides and metal halides, have not been sufficiently studied. The present review

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Comesse, Sébastien, Ismail Alahyen, Laure Benhamou, Vincent Dalla, and Catherine Taillier. "20 Years of Forging N-Heterocycles from Acrylamides through Domino/Cascade Reactions." Synthesis 53, no. 19 (2021): 3409–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1503-7932.

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AbstractAcrylamides are versatile building blocks that are easily obtained from readily available starting materials. During the last 20 years, these valuable substrates bearing a nucleophilic nitrogen atom and an electrophilic double bond have proven to be efficient domino partners, leading to a wide variety of complex aza-heterocycles of synthetic relevance. In this non-exhaustive review, metal-free and metal-triggered reactions followed by an annulation will be presented; these two approaches allow good modulation of the reactivity of the polyvalent acrylamides.1 Introduction2 Metal-Free An

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Hočevar, Brigita, Miha Grilc, and Blaž Likozar. "Aqueous Dehydration, Hydrogenation and Hydrodeoxygenation Reactions of Bio-Based Mucic Acid over Ni, NiMo, Pt, Rh, and Ru on Neutral or Acidic Catalyst Supports." Catalysts 9, no. 3 (2019): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9030286.

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Hydrotreatment of mucic acid (also known as galactaric acid, an glucaric acid enantiomer), one of the most promising bio-based platform chemicals, was systematically investigated in aqueous media over alumina, silica, or carbon-supported transition (nickel and nickel-molybdenum) or noble (platinum, ruthenium and rhodium) metals. Mucic acid was only converted into mucic-1,4-lactone under non-catalytic reaction conditions in N2 atmosphere, while the 5 MPa gaseous H2 addition triggers hydrogenation in the bulk phase, resulting in formation of galacturonic and galactonic acid. However, dehydroxyla

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Khalimon, Andrey, Kristina Gudun, and Davit Hayrapetyan. "Base Metal Catalysts for Deoxygenative Reduction of Amides to Amines." Catalysts 9, no. 6 (2019): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9060490.

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The development of efficient methodologies for production of amines attracts significant attention from synthetic chemists, because amines serve as essential building blocks in the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals, natural products, and agrochemicals. In this regard, deoxygenative reduction of amides to amines by means of transition-metal-catalyzed hydrogenation, hydrosilylation, and hydroboration reactions represents an attractive alternative to conventional wasteful techniques based on stoichiometric reductions of the corresponding amides and imines, and reductive amination of aldehydes wit

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Olabe, José. "Coordination Chemistry of Nitric Oxide and Biological Signaling." Science Reviews - from the end of the world 2, no. 1 (2020): 64–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52712/sciencereviews.v2i1.33.

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Nitric Oxide (NO) is a key intermediate in the nitrogen redox cycles that operate in soils, water and biological fluids, affording reversible interconversions between nitrates to ammonia and vice-versa. The discovery of its biosynthesis in mammals for signaling purposes generated a research explosion on the ongoing chemistry occurring in specific cellular compartments, centered on NO reactivity toward O2, thiols, amines, and transition metals, as well as derivatives thereof. The present review deals with the coordination chemistry of NO toward selected iron and ruthenium centers. We place spec

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Dymerska, Anna, Wojciech Kukułka, Marcin Biegun, and Ewa Mijowska. "Spinel of Nickel-Cobalt Oxide with Rod-Like Architecture as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction." Materials 13, no. 18 (2020): 3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13183918.

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The renewable energy technologies require electrocatalysts for reactions, such as the oxygen and/or hydrogen evolution reaction (OER/HER). They are complex electrochemical reactions that take place through the direct transfer of electrons. However, mostly they have high over-potentials and slow kinetics, that is why they require electrocatalysts to lower the over-potential of the reactions and enhance the reaction rate. The commercially used catalysts (e.g., ruthenium nanoparticles—Ru, iridium nanoparticles—Ir, and their oxides: RuO2, IrO2, platinum—Pt) contain metals that have poor stability,

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González-Belman, Oscar, Artur Brotons-Rufes, Michele Tomasini, et al. "Towards Dual-Metal Catalyzed Hydroalkoxylation of Alkynes." Catalysts 11, no. 6 (2021): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11060704.

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Poly (vinyl ethers) are compounds with great value in the coating industry due to exhibiting properties such as high viscosity, soft adhesiveness, resistance to saponification and solubility in water and organic solvents. However, the main challenge in this field is the synthesis of vinyl ether monomers that can be synthetized by methodologies such as vinyl transfer, reduction of vinyl phosphate ether, isomerization, hydrogenation of acetylenic ethers, elimination, addition of alcohols to alkyne species etc. Nevertheless, the most successful strategy to access to vinyl ether derivatives is the

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