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Vaccari, Mirian Sayuri, David Sanderson, Martin Loosemore, and Mohammad Mojtahedi. "Fit for purpose? Lessons from transitional shelter provision for internally displaced persons in urban informal settlements in Brazil." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 29, no. 6 (October 19, 2020): 943–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-01-2020-0016.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges of transitional shelter provision for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in urban informal settlements. While there has been considerable research on postdisaster transitional shelters, less is known on shelters for IDPs in urban informal settlements.Design/methodology/approachA case study is presented based on field research at the communities in Olaria and City in São Paulo, Brazil. Collection of data included personal communication with the dwellers, surveys and interviews with representatives from Techo, one of the few organizations that provide transitional shelters for IDPs. A review of documents regarding the construction, design and users' adaptation of transitional shelter was also undertaken. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis.FindingsThe study found that Techo's program impacts positively on the nonphysical aspects of shelter, such as physical and mental health, security, household responsibilities and community participation. However, Techo's transitional shelter for IDPs in urban informal settlements and most postdisaster transitional shelters share similar problems. These programs respond to the needs of a small proportion of the affected populations with shelters of minimum quality and low durability.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to a single case study of the NGO Techo and further case study research is recommended to further develop and validate the study results in other urban development contexts.Originality/valueThis research contributes to describing and understanding the context and the provision of transitional shelters to IDPs in urban informal settlements and impacts in the community. With increasing numbers of IDPs settling in urban informal settlements in many parts of the world, this paper is valuable to policymakers, NGOs and researchers operating in this field to facilitate community development.
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Meni, David. "Washington DC’s Transitional Housing Plan: An Analysis of Externalities and Sources of Neighborhood Opposition." Policy Perspectives 24 (May 4, 2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4079/pp.v24i0.17605.
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In 2016, DC Mayor Muriel Bowser’s administration unveiled a plan to close the DC General homeless shelter and replace it with eight smaller sites throughout the city. Almost immediately, some residents located near the proposed shelter sites expressed disapproval, citing concerns over safety and decreasing property values. We can interpret such reservations as perceived negative externalities of shelters. This paper first takes those claims at face value and finds mixed evidence of whether the proposed DC shelters would produce negative externalities for neighborhoods. The paper then explores other economic rationale for neighborhood opposition to the plan—risk-averse behavior on the part of homeowners. The paper concludes with a proposal for home equity insurance that could potentially balance homeowners’ risk aversion and vested interests in neighborhood outcomes.
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Yu, Van. "Shelter and Transitional Housing for Transgender Youth." Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 14, no. 4 (September 29, 2010): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2010.504476.
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Shih, Rowell Ray, and Danilo Ravina. "Ocho Balay: Design of a permanent typhoon shelter for the rural areas in the Philippines." Pollack Periodica 15, no. 2 (August 2020): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.2.20.
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Abstract:In 2013 Typhoon Haiyan, devastated several portions of the Philippines, which resulted in more than 7,000 deaths and thousands made homeless. The aim of this study is to propose a design of a permanent shelter as a continuation of the I-Siguro Daan Transitional Shelter, which was successfully deployed in 2014 and produce a transitional shelter prototype, for the victims of typhoon Haiyan. In order to develop the methodological design of the Permanent Shelter, the author presented several factors into consideration: the understanding how the rural communities use the present I-Siguro Daan Transitional Shelter; to further develop and improve the interior space of the shelter; to propose a better roof design; and to design a sustainable toilet and kitchen area for the users. Methodologies used in the study were the use of surveys and interactions with the community, which focuses on gaining the understanding how the communities use the present I-Siguro Daan Transitional Shelter. By exploring related case studies and literatures, site surveys and consultations with different groups, the resulting Permanent Shelter will a promising solution for improving the lives of the communities while also providing groundwork for future shelter related studies.
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Hui Ling, Philip Chie, Cher Siang Tan, and Anis Saggaff. "Feasibility of ISO shipping container as transitional shelter-a review." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 620 (November 19, 2019): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/620/1/012056.
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Leon, Esteban, Ilan Kelman, James Kennedy, and Joseph Ashmore. "CAPACITY BUILDING LESSONS FROM A DECADE OF TRANSITIONAL SETTLEMENT AND SHELTER." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2009): 247–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-715x.2009.13.247-265.
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This paper examines 23 recent case studies of post‐disaster settlement and shelter across Africa, Asia, and Latin America to provide examples of implementing transitional settlement and shelter as a process and how to build more capacity for such programmes. The case studies are examined by using a four‐part framework: (i) Safety, security, and livelihoods; (ii) the question “Transition to what?” in order to understand better how to connect post‐disaster programmes to permanent communities and housing; (iii) fairness and equity; and (iv) connecting relief and development, which also explores root causes of vulnerability. The main lessons identify six specific activities that should be highlighted for capacity building in transitional settlement and shelter: site selection, good governance, participatory and consultative processes, land ownership, logistics, and monitoring and evaluation. Santruka Šiame darbe analizuojami 23 neseniai atliktu nelaimes ištiktu žmoniu apgyvendinimo ir prieglaudu jiems suteikimo Afrikoje, Azijoje ir Lotynu Amerikoje tyrimu rezultatai, pateikiami efektyvaus aprūpinimo laikinosiomis gyvenamosiomis vietomis ir prieglaudomis programu igyvendinimo pavyzdžiai, patariama, kaip didinti šiu programu potenciala. Tyrimu rezultatai nagrinejami remiantis keturiu daliu struktūra: 1) saugumas, apsauga ir pragyvenimo šaltinis; 2) klausimas “Jei laikinas, tai kas po to?”, siekis ištikus nelaimei vykdomas apgyvendinimo programas susieti su pastoviomis bendruomenemis ir nuolatiniu būstu; 3) teisingumas ir lygybe; 4) paramos ir pletros sasaja, pagrindines pažeidžiamumo priežastys. Išskiriamos šešios konkrečios veiklos rūšys, kurias reiketu akcentuoti didinat aprūpinimo laikinosiomis gyvenamosiomis vietomis ir prieglaudu suteikimo potenciala: vietos parinkimas, geras valdymas, dalyvavimo ir konsultavimo procesai, žemes nuosavybe, logistika, stebejimas bei vertinimas.
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Subasinghe, Chamila. "Is My House My Home? An Analysis of “Nowhereness” Among “Noknowers” in Transitional Settings." Space and Culture 22, no. 4 (April 10, 2018): 509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331218767063.
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This study investigates the concept of home versus house among people who have been forcibly evicted from their long-term homes and are living in transitional settings due to the conflict in northeastern Sri Lanka. The discourse is built on two common notions related to liminalities of internally displaced people’s (IDP’s) transitional setting: “nowhereness” and “noknowers.” The study examines the causes and consequences of IDP’s perceived “nowhereness” in an unfamiliar physical setting, which in turn makes them “noknowers” in an unsupportive social setting. Transcripts from in-depth, open-ended interviews with IDPs are interpolated and categorized to distil themes among core meanings attached to the home. Though these IDPs were originally interviewed to ascertain their sense of home in the transitional shelter, many interviewees ended up focusing on nostalgic memories of their lost homes. The transitional shelter is not a home, but rather an indefinite process of making a home from sociocultural residues.
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Faure Walker, Joanna, and Catherine Anna Crawford. "Cash in a housing context: Transitional shelter and recovery in Japan." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 24 (September 2017): 216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.05.018.
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Halton, Diane C. "Managing Health Problems among Homeless Women with Children in a Transitional Shelter." Image: the Journal of Nursing Scholarship 29, no. 1 (March 1997): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1997.tb01137.x.
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Wallace, Bruce, Bernadette Pauly, Kathleen Perkin, and Mike Ranfft. "Shifting the evaluative gaze: Community-based program evaluation in the homeless sector." Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 8, no. 1 (September 3, 2015): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijcre.v8i1.3936.
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Homelessness is a growing social issue that is a consequence of structural inequities and contributor to the development of health inequities. Community-based research (CBR) has been proposed as an effective research strategy for addressing health equities and promoting social justice through participatory processes. The purpose of this article is to examine the application of CBR principles and practices in the homeless sector and the implications for the production of knowledge and social change to address homelessness. Drawing on our experiences as researchers and service providers, we reflect on the significant successes and challenges associated with using CBR in the homelessness sector. In our discussion we emphasise insights, challenges and lessons learned from a community-university partnership that focused on an evaluation of a transitional shelter program in a large urban centre where housing is expensive and often unavailable.Keywords: Homelessness, housing, transitional housing, transitional shelter, program evaluation, community-based research
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Cortes, Gustavo, and Esteban Kang. "Full-scale test of transitional wood shelter used by victims of typhoon Haiyan." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 157 (October 2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.08.002.
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Widyarko, Widyarko, Khalda Fadhilah Arisya, Nisrina Dewi Salsabila, and Linda Firlie Pratiwi. "MATERIAL LOOPS POTENTIAL IN POST-DISASTER TRANSITIONAL SHELTER: LEARNING FROM 2010 MERAPI ERUPTION." Journal of Architecture&ENVIRONMENT 20, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j2355262x.v20i1.a7777.
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Janse, Harmen, and Kees van der Flier. "Cordaid’s Post-Disaster Shelter Strategy in Haiti: Linking Relief and Development." Open House International 39, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2014-b0009.
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Haiti was struck by a heavy earthquake in 2010 and international aid poured into the country. News reports in 2011 were not very positive about the results of post-disaster reconstruction: “The relief efforts are only putting Haiti on life-support instead of evolving into the next stage of development”. One of the non-governmental organisations (NGOs) involved in Haiti was Cordaid, implementing a ‘transitional shelter strategy’ to support the transformation of neigh-bourhoods from a state of life-support into a state of self-sustaining development. The strategy was implemented in both a rural and an urban area. The main feature of the strategy was the provision of structures that could be adapted from simple shelters to permanent houses. Since the results of the strategy were mixed and ambiguous, a comparative case study was conducted to evaluate the shelter strategy in both areas. The objective was to draw lessons about what has to be taken into account when formulating future urban shelter strategies. The case study is discussed in this article. The main finding from the case study is that producing the intended number of shelters within the financial and time budgets that were set (efficiency), was more difficult in the urban area than in the rural area. But the conditions for linking relief and development (effectiveness) are more favourable in the urban context. NGOs may achieve long-term (effective) results in the urban context when a lower efficiency can be justified. That is why NGOs need to engage in a debate about the extent to which they are able to focus on long-term shelter or housing strategies. The important element in the debate is communication with the donors who are often focused on short-term relief measures. However urban areas cannot be rebuilt with only short-term interventions. The link between relief and development has to be made by a process-orientated approach focusing on capacities of local participants.
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Mahmood, Atiya, Joe Humphries, Piper Moore, Victoria Burns, and Sarah Canham. "Shelter and Housing Options, Supports, and Interventions for Older People Experiencing Homelessness." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2490.
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Abstract While older people experiencing homelessness (OPEH) can have life histories of homelessness or experience homelessness for the first time in later life, understandings of shelter/housing models that meet diverse needs of this population are limited. We conducted a scoping review of the international literature on shelter/housing models available to support OPEH. Through an iterative process of reading and rereading 24 sources (published 1999-2019), findings were organized into 5 categories of shelter/housing models that have been developed to support OPEH: 1) Permanent supportive housing (PSH), including PSH delivered through Housing First, 2) Transitional housing, 3) Shelter settings with medical supports, 4) Drop-in centers, and 5) Case management and outreach. Findings expand our understanding of how a continuum of shelter/housing options are needed to support distinct health and housing needs of diverse OPEH. Policy and practice implications related to integrating health and social care to support OPEH to age-in-the-right-place will be discussed. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Environmental Gerontology Interest Group.
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Canham, Sarah, Joe Humphries, Victoria Burns, Tamara Sussman, and Christine Walsh. "Uncovering Promising Practices for Supporting Older People Experiencing Homelessness." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2489.
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Abstract Montréal, Calgary, and Vancouver have seen a dramatic increase in homelessness among adults aged 50+. In order to identify ‘promising practices’ that promote aging-in-the-right-place for older people experiencing homelessness (OPEH) in Montréal, Calgary, and Vancouver, we conducted an environmental scan and three World Café workshops with 99 service providers and OPEH. We identified 53 promising practices managed or operated by 42 providers which we categorized across a shelter/housing continuum: 1) Emergency/transitional/temporary shelter/housing; 2) Independent housing with offsite supports; 3) Supported independent housing with onsite, non-medical supports; 4) Permanent supportive housing with onsite medical support and/or specialized services; 5) Long-term care; and 6) Palliative care/hospice. Study findings provide a template for existing solutions to the diverse shelter/housing needs of OPEH and insight into the gaps in shelter/housing and services that would support OPEH to age-in-the-right place. Policy and practice implications for scaling promising practices will be discussed. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Environmental Gerontology Interest Group.
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Swamy, K. R., D. Shivaprasad, Shivaputra Bammanahalli, Noorandappa Lamani, and H. Shivanna. "Carbon storage potential of shelter belt agroforestry system in northern transitional zone of Karnataka, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i3.1373.
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Carbon sequestration has been suggested as a means to mitigate the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. As agrisilviculture systems is one of the better options for stocking of carbon in plants and in soil. In the present study, carbon sequestration was quantified both biomass as well as in soil of agrisilviculture sys-tem six different tree species were selected such as, Pongamia pinnata, Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectona grandis, Casuarina equisitifolia, Azadirachta indica in shelterbelt of agroforestry system in arid region of Karnataka. Among six different tree species planted under shelterbelt, the growth performance with respect to gbh, height, clear bole height and basal area was highest in A. auriculiformis and A. indica. While maximum above ground biomass was observed in A. auriculiformis (59.75 t ha-1) followed by T.grandis (56.62 t ha-1), respectively. Whereas, below ground biomass was highest in T. grandis (20.25t ha-1) followed by A. auriculiformis (14.75t ha-1). Above ground carbon sequestration was highest in A. auriculiformis (13.30 t ha-1) followed by T. grandis (12.20 t ha-1), respectively. Whereas, below ground carbon sequestration was more in T. grandis (4.35 t ha-1) followed by A. auriculiformis (3.95 t ha-1). The Shelterbelt system sequestered 0.43 to 1.34% soil organic carbon stock in different depth. The carbon sequestered in different tree species was varying from 3.48 tons to 17.25 t ha-1.Growing tree crops in shelterbelts, bunds in the agroforestry systems will enhance accumulation of carbon stocking and provide additional benefits to the farmer’s income. It also regulates microclimate and increases the tree cover in agricultural field.
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Liu, William Ming, Ren Stinson, Jovan Hernandez, Samuel Shepard, and Sarah Haag. "A qualitative examination of masculinity, homelessness, and social class among men in a transitional shelter." Psychology of Men & Masculinity 10, no. 2 (April 2009): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0014999.
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Němečková, D., I. Knížková, P. Kunc, and L. Stádník. "The effect of the design of housing systems for calves on the microclimatic conditions of the rearing environment." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (October 10, 2013): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-049.
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Abstract. The objective of this study was to compare microclimatic conditions in three different housing systems designed for calf rearing – individual wooden hutches, individual tarpaulin hutches and individual pens under shelter – and to evaluate the thermal comfort of calves reared in these systems. Air temperature, relative air humidity and the rectal temperature of calves (n=324) were measured in the hutches and pens during three consecutive years. The hypothesis that the climatic conditions of different housing system designs used in calf rearing affect the thermal comfort of calves was confirmed, as the design of the individual housing systems affected microclimatic conditions and subsequently the rectal temperature of the housed calves as well. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were found between the shelter and individual outdoor calf hutches in relation to the measured parameters. In the summer, the shelter showed a significantly (P<0.05) lower air temperature and significantly higher level of both relative air humidity and calf rectal temperature. These significantly higher rectal temperatures in both summer and in transitional periods (from March to June and from September to December) can be explained by microclimatic conditions and specifically by the combination of air temperature and the highest relative humidity that caused less comfortable microclimatic conditions for calves. The high relative humidity is probably caused by inadequate ventilation under the shelter. Therefore, new technology of calf housing under shelter could be recommended as suitable housing only if adequate ventilation is provided.
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Wood, Leila, Laurie Cook Heffron, Molly Voyles, and Shanti Kulkarni. "Playing by the Rules: Agency Policy and Procedure in Service Experience of IPV Survivors." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 21-22 (June 27, 2017): 4640–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517716945.
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More than 1,800 programs exist in the United States, providing not only shelter but also transitional housing, advocacy and support, transportation, legal aid, and group and individual counseling for women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). Shelter and transitional housing provide critical support for survivors, but have also been critiqued for having too many restrictive rules and code of conduct. More information is needed about the impact of rules and agency policy on women seeking services in IPV residential settings. This qualitative study explored the central research question, “How do rules shape IPV residential environment and survivor experiences in services?” Twenty-five women in four programs in two states who were currently residing in IPV residential services were interviewed about their experiences. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methods. Findings indicated rules affect individual survivors’ and families’ experiences and responses in services and of healing from IPV (micro), the relationships among residents and between residents and staff (mezzo), and participants’ relationships with the agency as an institution and the help-seeking community (macro). An intriguing paradox is noted in that at their best, rules provide stability and motivation for some survivors. At their worst, rules create isolation and force exit from shelter into unsafe circumstances, causing a ripple effect of impact. Implications include the need to restructure rules and policies collaboratively with residents, and reduce the amount of rules used in services. Addressing rules will better enable IPV services to be survivor-centered and trauma-informed, ultimately increasing safety and healing.
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Hatton, Diane C., and Lisa Kaiser. "Methodological and Ethical Issues Emerging from Pilot Testing an Intervention with Women in a Transitional Shelter." Western Journal of Nursing Research 26, no. 1 (February 2004): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945903259149.
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Rodriguez, Jason M., and Tessa A. Eidelman. "Homelessness Interventions in Georgia: Rapid Re-Housing, Transitional Housing, and the Likelihood of Returning to Shelter." Housing Policy Debate 27, no. 6 (May 17, 2017): 825–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2017.1313292.
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Viron, Mark, Iruma Bello, Oliver Freudenreich, and Derri Shtasel. "Characteristics of Homeless Adults with Serious Mental Illness Served by a State Mental Health Transitional Shelter." Community Mental Health Journal 50, no. 5 (May 24, 2013): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-013-9607-5.
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Aubrey, Dyfed. "Response to Rapid Change: Post-Tsunami Shelter in Sri Lanka." Open House International 33, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2008-b0005.
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Through an overview of Goal's post tsunami shelter and reconstruction programme in Sri Lanka this study aims to highlight how design and implementation approaches had to continuously evolve in order to respond to changes in pace, priorities and policy as relief moved into recovery then permanent rehabilitation. The study begins by describing the Buffer Zone Policy that prohibited construction within a certain distance from the sea and how the policy impeded the construction of permanent housing in some areas through lack of suitable relocation sites. Then using transitional shelter as an example, the effects of the persistence of the policy when most actors anticipated change can be seen in modifications to shelters driven mainly by comfort criteria as their occupancy had to be extended from an initially predicted six month period to around two years. Following this, an overview of the permanent housing programme shows how an owner driven housing approach was chosen as an appropriate means of provision and how the process was developed through a local partnership. In this programme the owners' capacity to design and manage their own house construction was developed with the understanding that houses could be incrementally extended by the owner following the completion of the programme. Then, as the late change in the Buffer Zone Policy resulted in a sudden up-scaling of the project on a very limited time-frame, the study shows how, whilst still catering for individual aspirations and personal "ownership" in design and implementation, standardised designs were introduced to speed up the building process. The study concludes by emphasising the need for flexibility in design and implementation in order to provide the best service to affected people within the ever-changing environment of disaster response.
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Dewi Wulansari, Maria Ariadne, and Dimas Wihardyanto. "METODOLOGI PENILAIAN KUALITAS HUNIAN PASKA BENCANA SEBAGAI EVALUASI STRATEGI REKONSTRUKSI: ANALISIS FAKTUAL DAN PERSEPTUAL." LANGKAU BETANG: JURNAL ARSITEKTUR 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v4i2.23248.
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Salah satu target utama dalam rekonstruksi paska bencana ialah tersedianya hunian bagi korban bencana yang kehilangan tempat tinggalnya. Dalam pengadaan hunian paska bencana terdapat berbagai macam strategi rekonstruksi. Pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai kemungkinan menggunakan penilaian kualitas hunian sebagai alat untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap strategi rekonstruksi. Metode penilaian kualitas hunian baik secara faktual maupun perseptual dipaparkan sebagai pengantar, kemudian disajikan perbandingan dari beberapa penelitian terdahulu mengenai kualitas hunian paska bencana. Dari penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa penilaian kualitas hunian paska bencana merupakan cara yang efektif untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap strategi rekonstruksi. Penilaian kualitas hunian paska bencana itu sendiri dapat menggunakan pendekatan faktual, perseptional, maupun perpaduan keduanya, sesuai dengan obyek pengamatan yang dipilih.Kata-kata Kunci: kualitas hunian, paska bencana, analisis faktual, analisis perseptual SCORING METHOD OF THE QUALITY OF POST DISASTER HOUSING AS RECONSTRUCTION STRATEGY’S EVALUATION : FACTUAL AND PERCEPTUAL ANALYSIS APPROACHOne of post disaster recontruction’s main targets is providing proper housing for the victims who lost their homes. In post-disaster housing procurement there are various reconstruction strategies. This research discusses about ability to rate the quality of housing in evaluating the reconstruction strategy. Scoring method of the quality of housing, factually or perceptually, both are explained as preface. And then comparation of previous study about the quality of post disaster housing is discussed. From this research it learned that scoring of the quality of post disaster housing is an effective way to evaluate the reconstruction strategy. The scoring method of the quality of post disaster housing itself, can be seen from different approaches, the factual analysis approach, the perceptual analysis approach, or both, depends on the chosen study object.Keywords: quality of housing, post disaster, factual analysis, perceptual analysisREFERENCESAl-Hussaini, T. M., Seraj, S. M., Islam, M. K., Safiullah, A. M. M., Choudhury, J. R. (1999). A Methodology For Selection Of Post Disaster Shelter. H&H Dhaka99Batchelor, Victoria. (2011). Tarpaulins, transitional shelter or permanent houses : how does the shelter assistance provide affect the recovery of communities after disaster? Dissertation on Oxford Brookes UniversityCollins, Sam. Corsellis, Tom. Vitale, Antonella. (2010).Transitional Shelter: Understanding Shelter from The Emergency Through Reconstruction and Beyond. ALNAP. Diakses melalui www.sheltercenter.orgDola, K. and Parva, M. (2012). Transformation Of Earthquake Disaster Victims’ Shelter Into Sustainable Home: The Case Of Lar City, Iran. ALAM CIPTA, International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Design Research and Practice. Universiti Putra Malaysia. Volume 5 (2) December 2012Kamel, Nabil M. O. and Loukaitou-Sideris, Anastasia (2003). Residential Assistance and Recovery Following the Northridge Earthquake. Urban Studies, Vol. 41, No. 3, 533–562, March 2004.Kwanda, T., Rahardjo, J., Wardhani, M.K. (2001). Analisis Kepuasan Penghuni Perumahan Sederhana di Denpasar Berdasarkan Faktor Lokasi, Prasarana, Sarana, Kualitas Bangunan, Desain dan Harga. Dimensi Teknik Arsitektur Vol. 29, No. 2, Desember 2001: 117 – 125.Leon, E., Kelman, I., Kennedy, J., and Ashmore,J. (2009). Capacity Building Lessons From A Decade Of Transitional Settlement And Shelter. International Journal Of Strategic Property Management (2009) 13, 247–265Önder, D. E., Köseoğlu, E., Bġlen, Ö. (2010). The Effect Of User Participation In Satisfaction: Beyciler After-Earthquake Houses In Düzce. Itu A|ZPamungkas, H.B.E, Harianto, F. (2012). Analisis Kualitas Perumahan Mutiara Regency Sidoarjo. Jurnal IPTEK Vol 16 No.1 Mei 2012Ratnayake R.M.G.D., Rameezdeen, Raufdeen. (2008).Post Disaster Housing Reconstruction: Comparative Study Of Donor Driven Vs. Owner Driven Approach. International Conference on Building Education and Research (BEAR)Rini, Johanita Anggia. (2012). Evaluasi Penerapan Prinsip Tahan Gempa pada Renovasi atau Rekonstruksi Rumah Pasca Gempa 2006 di Yogyakarta. Tesis Magister, Institut Teknologi Bandung.Saleh, Sakhrul Dachlan. (2010). Kajian Kualitas Bangunan Rumah Pondokan Terhadap Kenyamanan Huni Berdasarkan Persepsi Penghuni di Permukiman Sekitar Kampus Universitas Hasanuddin. Masters Thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.Samaddar, S., Okada, N. (2006). Participatory Approach for Post-Earthquake Reconstruction in the Villages of Kachchh, India. Annuals of Disas. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univ., No. 49 B, 2006
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Dewi Wulansari, Maria Ariadne, and Dimas Wihardyanto. "METODOLOGI PENILAIAN KUALITAS HUNIAN PASKA BENCANA SEBAGAI EVALUASI STRATEGI REKONSTRUKSI: ANALISIS FAKTUAL DAN PERSEPTUAL." LANGKAU BETANG: JURNAL ARSITEKTUR 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v4i2.23272.
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Salah satu target utama dalam rekonstruksi paska bencana ialah tersedianya hunian bagi korban bencana yang kehilangan tempat tinggalnya. Dalam pengadaan hunian paska bencana terdapat berbagai macam strategi rekonstruksi. Pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai kemungkinan menggunakan penilaian kualitas hunian sebagai alat untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap strategi rekonstruksi. Metode penilaian kualitas hunian baik secara faktual maupun perseptual dipaparkan sebagai pengantar, kemudian disajikan perbandingan dari beberapa penelitian terdahulu mengenai kualitas hunian paska bencana. Dari penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa penilaian kualitas hunian paska bencana merupakan cara yang efektif untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap strategi rekonstruksi. Penilaian kualitas hunian paska bencana itu sendiri dapat menggunakan pendekatan faktual, perseptional, maupun perpaduan keduanya, sesuai dengan obyek pengamatan yang dipilih.Kata-kata Kunci: kualitas hunian, paska bencana, analisis faktual, analisis perseptual SCORING METHOD OF THE QUALITY OF POST DISASTER HOUSING AS RECONSTRUCTION STRATEGY’S EVALUATION : FACTUAL AND PERCEPTUAL ANALYSIS APPROACHOne of post disaster recontruction’s main targets is providing proper housing for the victims who lost their homes. In post-disaster housing procurement there are various reconstruction strategies. This research discusses about ability to rate the quality of housing in evaluating the reconstruction strategy. Scoring method of the quality of housing, factually or perceptually, both are explained as preface. And then comparation of previous study about the quality of post disaster housing is discussed. From this research it learned that scoring of the quality of post disaster housing is an effective way to evaluate the reconstruction strategy. The scoring method of the quality of post disaster housing itself, can be seen from different approaches, the factual analysis approach, the perceptual analysis approach, or both, depends on the chosen study object.Keywords: quality of housing, post disaster, factual analysis, perceptual analysisREFERENCESAl-Hussaini, T. M., Seraj, S. M., Islam, M. K., Safiullah, A. M. M., Choudhury, J. R. (1999). A Methodology For Selection Of Post Disaster Shelter. H&H Dhaka99Batchelor, Victoria. (2011). Tarpaulins, transitional shelter or permanent houses : how does the shelter assistance provide affect the recovery of communities after disaster? Dissertation on Oxford Brookes UniversityCollins, Sam. Corsellis, Tom. Vitale, Antonella. (2010).Transitional Shelter: Understanding Shelter from The Emergency Through Reconstruction and Beyond. ALNAP. Diakses melalui www.sheltercenter.orgDola, K. and Parva, M. (2012). Transformation Of Earthquake Disaster Victims’ Shelter Into Sustainable Home: The Case Of Lar City, Iran. ALAM CIPTA, International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Design Research and Practice. Universiti Putra Malaysia. Volume 5 (2) December 2012Kamel, Nabil M. O. and Loukaitou-Sideris, Anastasia (2003). Residential Assistance and Recovery Following the Northridge Earthquake. Urban Studies, Vol. 41, No. 3, 533–562, March 2004.Kwanda, T., Rahardjo, J., Wardhani, M.K. (2001). Analisis Kepuasan Penghuni Perumahan Sederhana di Denpasar Berdasarkan Faktor Lokasi, Prasarana, Sarana, Kualitas Bangunan, Desain dan Harga. Dimensi Teknik Arsitektur Vol. 29, No. 2, Desember 2001: 117 – 125.Leon, E., Kelman, I., Kennedy, J., and Ashmore,J. (2009). Capacity Building Lessons From A Decade Of Transitional Settlement And Shelter. International Journal Of Strategic Property Management (2009) 13, 247–265Önder, D. E., Köseoğlu, E., Bġlen, Ö. (2010). The Effect Of User Participation In Satisfaction: Beyciler After-Earthquake Houses In Düzce. Itu A|ZPamungkas, H.B.E, Harianto, F. (2012). Analisis Kualitas Perumahan Mutiara Regency Sidoarjo. Jurnal IPTEK Vol 16 No.1 Mei 2012Ratnayake R.M.G.D., Rameezdeen, Raufdeen. (2008).Post Disaster Housing Reconstruction: Comparative Study Of Donor Driven Vs. Owner Driven Approach. International Conference on Building Education and Research (BEAR)Rini, Johanita Anggia. (2012). Evaluasi Penerapan Prinsip Tahan Gempa pada Renovasi atau Rekonstruksi Rumah Pasca Gempa 2006 di Yogyakarta. Tesis Magister, Institut Teknologi Bandung.Saleh, Sakhrul Dachlan. (2010). Kajian Kualitas Bangunan Rumah Pondokan Terhadap Kenyamanan Huni Berdasarkan Persepsi Penghuni di Permukiman Sekitar Kampus Universitas Hasanuddin. Masters Thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.Samaddar, S., Okada, N. (2006). Participatory Approach for Post-Earthquake Reconstruction in the Villages of Kachchh, India. Annuals of Disas. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univ., No. 49 B, 2006
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Benjaminsen, Lars. "Housing First in Denmark: An Analysis of the Coverage Rate among Homeless People and Types of Shelter Users." Social Inclusion 6, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i3.1539.
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A paradigm shift has taken place regarding the understanding of homelessness interventions in recent years as Housing First—early access to permanent housing in combination with intensive social support—has been shown to improve the chances of rehousing for homeless people. One of the largest Housing First programs in Europe was established with the Danish homelessness strategy from 2009 to 2013 and a follow-up program from 2014 to 2016. Results from the Danish program showed similar positive outcomes of Housing First as documented in other countries. However, evaluation research also uncovered barriers to scaling up and mainstreaming Housing First into the general welfare system. This article analyses the coverage rate of Housing First in the overall population of homeless people in Denmark. Results show that in the municipalities that were part of the program only one in twenty homeless people were enrolled in the program. Moreover, following Kuhn and Culhane’s (1998) typology of shelter users, the study examines the proportion amongst the transitional, episodic, and chronic shelter users that were enrolled in the Housing First program during the program period. Even in the primary target group for Housing First, the chronic shelter users, only 11% were included in the Housing First program.
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Siordia, Carlos, Curtis Smith, and Ernesto Castañeda-Tinoco. "A geographically-aware multilevel analysis on the association between atmospheric temperature and the “Emergency and transitional shelter population”." HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES – Journal of Studies and Research in Human Geography 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2014): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5719/hgeo.2014.82.5.
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Abrams, Jennifer, Robin Brennen, and Sarah-Elizabeth Byosiere. "Trazodone as a mediator of transitional stress in a shelter: Effects on illness, length of stay, and outcome." Journal of Veterinary Behavior 36 (March 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.01.001.
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Abrahams, Daniel. "The barriers to environmental sustainability in post-disaster settings: a case study of transitional shelter implementation in Haiti." Disasters 38, s1 (March 7, 2014): S25—S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/disa.12054.
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Schnitzer, Kristina, Corinne Cather, Kevin Potter, Hawa Kaba, Janet Marsden, David Hoffman, and Derri Shtasel. "For Homeless People with Serious Mental Illness, Can a State Transitional Shelter Promote Racial Equity in Housing Outcomes?" Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 32, no. 1 (2021): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2021.0021.
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Rusenko, Rayna M. "Homelessness, Human Insecurities, and the Government Agenda in Malaysia." Asian Journal of Social Science 42, no. 1-2 (2014): 45–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04201005.
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Over the past two decades, street homelessness has become an increasingly pronounced part of urban landscapes in Northeast and Southeast Asian countries. Numerous metropolises, such as Bangkok, Seoul and Tokyo, have become the testing grounds for new government initiatives designed to address the needs of persons experiencing homelessness. Kuala Lumpur is no exception in either regard. This case study uses qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the workings of Anjung Singgah, a transitional shelter established in 2011 by a Malaysian federal ministry and handed over to a government-linked charitable organisation for administration. The study highlights difficulties faced by shelter clients in transcending homelessness, including those imposed by the facility itself. It also explores how the non-governmental, quasi-charitable structure of the project, which implicitly frames homelessness as a problem of individual choice and responsibility, hinders recognition of broader issues of individual and collective human security by Anjung Singgah and the government. This study highlights the importance of policy and government mechanisms in addressing homelessness. Analyses draw heavily from client perspectives.
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Barnett, Brian S., and Micaela Owusu. "Synthetic Cannabinoid Use in a Transitional Housing Shelter: A Survey to Characterize Awareness of Risks and Reasons for Use." American Journal of Psychiatry Residents' Journal 11, no. 10 (October 2016): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp-rj.2016.111003.
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Gottlieb, Larry. "Ethics Committees in Community Mental Health Settings?" Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9, no. 4 (October 2000): 566–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100004151.
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I am in the process of trying to organize an ethics committee at a large community mental health center in Central Massachusetts and am seeking advice from anyone with experience in this or a similar milieu. The agency is a large (almost 700 employees), nonprofit, community-based program that operates under the auspices of a broad, academically affiliated, behavioral health system. An independent board of trustees, responsible to the parent organization governs the agency. The agency primarily provides outpatient care and treatment to adults and children with mental health, substance abuse, developmental disabilities, and homelessness issues. It does not provide any psychiatric emergency or acute in-patient mental health services but does operate an inpatient detoxification unit for substance abuse treatment and “first offender” DUI program. Additionally, the agency has a vast network of residential programs and transitional facilities for individuals with a history of chronic mental illness and substance abuse problems. Outpatient medical care is also provided to homeless clients who reside in area shelters (including a “wet” shelter for men and women) and a large number of clients who have HIV/AIDS and/or who have been dually diagnosed (substance abuse and mental illness), and are part of a scattered-site supportive housing program.
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Rogers, Karen C., Michelle Bobich, and Patrick Heppell. "The Impact of Implementing an "Incredible Years" Group Within a Family Living Unit in a Transitional Living Shelter: The Case of "Cathy"." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 12, no. 2 (June 29, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v12i2.1967.
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<p><span style="font-size: medium;">Young children who experience homelessness have a markedly increased risk of behavior disorders. This case study illustrates the impact of the "Incredible Years" (IY) program, an evidence-supported group psychotherapy intervention, on "Cathy," a 4-year-old Latina girl with externalizing behaviors who was living in a transitional program for homeless women and children. Adaptations of the model to address the child and family’s trauma history and to allow for its implementation in a residential program are delineated. Qualitative and quantitative data support that the IY group had a positive impact on Cathy and her family and led to significant symptom decreases in externalizing behaviors and PTSD symptoms, as well as an improvement in the quality of child and parent interactions. Additionally, recommendations for future studies and treatment considerations and adaptations for this underserved population are addressed. </span></p>
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Halushka, John M. "The Runaround: Punishment, Welfare, and Poverty Survival after Prison." Social Problems 67, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spz018.
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AbstractBased on 17 months of ethnographic fieldwork and 45 in-depth interviews with formerly-incarcerated men, this article explores how former prisoners navigate criminal justice and welfare bureaucracies in their daily lives. Formerly-incarcerated men must repeatedly engage with parole, public assistance agencies, transitional housing facilities, and community-based service providers to maintain freedom and access food, shelter, and rehabilitative services. Accessing resources requires the men simultaneously to manage multiple, overlapping entanglements across a fragmented network of bureaucracies. This runaround exacerbates the stress of poverty, breeds distrust of state authorities, and, in some cases, precipitates recidivism. Former prisoners learned how to cope with the runaround by treating systems navigation as a full-time occupation, but these skills did not translate into long-term economic security. Most study participants recurrently cycled between low-wage jobs, transitional housing facilities, and public assistance programs for years after release. This article illustrates the need to theorize prisoner reentry as a process that unfolds across a network of criminal justice and welfare bureaucracies and demonstrates how formerly-incarcerated men experience citizenship not only through coercive encounters with the criminal justice system but also through their simultaneous entanglements with safety-net bureaucracies.
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Gartenberg, Arielle S., and Robin Lang. "Considerations for the Dissemination of Incredible Years in Welfare Systems: Implications of the Case of "Cathy" for Intervention in the Foster Care System." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 12, no. 2 (June 29, 2016): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v12i2.1969.
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<p><span style="font-size: small;">The Incredible Years (IY) Parent and Child Series are evidence-based interventions that increase knowledge and mastery of parenting, mood regulation, and interpersonal problem solving strategies for caregivers while developing similar social and emotional skills in their children. Rogers, Bobich, and Heppell (2016) use a case study approach to examine the effectiveness of adaptations of the IY program for delivery in a transitional housing shelter. They describe strategies for modifying IY to meet the needs of a vulnerable population within the context of the shelter and the broader welfare system. In this commentary, the difficulties commonly experienced by youth like "Cathy" as a function of homelessness and trauma are discussed. Aspects of IY and its adaptation are examined as they highlight (1) essential elements of psychological interventions with clients exposed to trauma, and (2) barriers and facilitators in the delivery of evidence-based treatments within complex natural settings and systems of care. These considerations are salient for practitioners treating youth and families involved in the child welfare system and foster care. The most vital adaptations presented in the Case of Cathy and the IY literature are reviewed to address anticipated pragmatic barriers and therapeutic issues in the implementation of IY for youth in these systems. </span></p>
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Osuji, Joseph C., and Sandra P. Hirst. "Understanding the Journey Through Homelessness: A Hermeneutic Study of Women Without Children." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 32, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2013-017.
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This study explored the meaning of the experience of homelessness and exiting homelessness among women without children. Convenience and snowball sampling techniques were used to recruit 12 women in an urban centre in Canada. Texts resulting from audiotaped interviews, participant observations, and reflective journal entries constituted data for analysis. Gadamerian hermeneutics informed the interpretive method used for analysis. The analysis yielded 5 subthemes that described the journey: (a) loss of self at home: the trigger; (b) non-feeling of “at-homeness”: dissociation; (c) disconnection and aloneness: homelessness; (d) simulating home: transitional shelter living; and (e) finding oneself: hopefulness. Findings suggest that exiting homelessness for women was a journey in search of hope, and reconnection with the self and others. This perspective suggests a new approach for policy and practice.
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Goldade, Kate, Guy-Lucien Whembolua, Janet Thomas, Sara Eischen, Hongfei Guo, John Connett, Don Des Jarlais, et al. "Designing a smoking cessation intervention for the unique needs of homeless persons: a community-based randomized clinical trial." Clinical Trials 8, no. 6 (December 2011): 744–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774511423947.
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Background Although smoking prevalence remains strikingly high in homeless populations (~70% and three times the US national average), smoking cessation studies usually exclude homeless persons. Novel evidence-based interventions are needed for this high-risk subpopulation of smokers. Purpose To describe the aims and design of a first-ever smoking cessation clinical trial in the homeless population. The study was a two-group randomized community-based trial that enrolled participants ( n = 430) residing across eight homeless shelters and transitional housing units in Minnesota. The study objective was to test the efficacy of motivational interviewing (MI) for enhancing adherence to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; nicotine patch) and smoking cessation outcomes. Methods Participants were randomized to one of the two groups: active (8 weeks of NRT + 6 sessions of MI) or control (NRT + standard care). Participants attended six in-person assessment sessions and eight retention visits at a location of their choice over 6 months. Nicotine patch in 2-week doses was administered at four visits over the first 8 weeks of the 26-week trial. The primary outcome was cotinine-verified 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included adherence to nicotine patch assessed through direct observation and patch counts. Other outcomes included the mediating and/or moderating effects of comorbid psychiatric and substance abuse disorders. Results Lessons learned from the community-based cessation randomized trial for improving recruitment and retention in a mobile and vulnerable population included: (1) the importance of engaging the perspectives of shelter leadership by forming and convening a Community Advisory Board; (2) locating the study at the shelters for more visibility and easier access for participants; (3) minimizing exclusion criteria to allow enrollment of participants with stable psychiatric comorbid conditions; (4) delaying the baseline visit from the eligibility visit by a week to protect against attrition; and (5) regular and persistent calls to remind participants of upcoming appointments using cell phones and shelter-specific channels of communication. Limitations The study’s limitations include generalizability due to the sample drawn from a single Midwestern city in the United States. Since inclusion criteria encompassed willingness to use NRT patch, all participants were motivated and were ready to quit smoking at the time of enrollment in the study. Findings from the self-select group will be generalizable only to those motivated and ready to quit smoking. High incentives may limit the degree to which the intervention is replicable. Conclusions Lessons learned reflect the need to engage communities in the design and implementation of community-based clinical trials with vulnerable populations.
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Stajduhar, Kelli I., Melissa Giesbrecht, Ashley Mollison, Naheed Dosani, and Ryan McNeil. "Caregiving at the margins: An ethnographic exploration of family caregivers experiences providing care for structurally vulnerable populations at the end-of-life." Palliative Medicine 34, no. 7 (April 27, 2020): 946–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216320917875.
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Background: People experiencing structural vulnerability (e.g. homelessness, poverty, racism, criminalization of illicit drug use and mental health stigma) face significant barriers to accessing care at the end-of-life. ‘Family’ caregivers have the potential to play critical roles in providing care to these populations, yet little is known regarding ‘who’ caregivers are in this context and what their experiences may be. Aim: To describe family caregiving in the context of structural vulnerability, to understand who these caregivers are, and the unique challenges, burdens and barriers they face. Design: Critical ethnography. Setting/participants: Twenty-five family caregivers participated. Observational fieldnotes and semi-structured interviews were conducted in home, shelter, transitional housing, clinic, hospital, palliative care unit, community-based service centre and outdoor settings. Results: Family caregivers were found to be living within the constraints of structural vulnerability themselves, with almost half being street family or friends. The type of care provided varied greatly and included tasks associated with meeting the needs of basic survival (e.g. finding food and shelter). Thematic analysis revealed three core themes regarding experiences: Caregiving in the context of (1) poverty and substance use; (2) housing instability and (3) challenging relationships. Conclusion: Findings offer novel insight into the experiences of family caregiving in the context of structural vulnerability. Engaging with family caregivers emerged as a missing and necessary palliative care practice, confirming the need to re-evaluate palliative care models and acknowledge issues of trust to create culturally relevant approaches for successful interventions. More research examining how ‘family’ is defined in this context is needed.
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Williams, Marian E. "Integrating Early Childhood Mental Health and Trauma-Informed Care for Homeless Families With Young Children." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 12, no. 2 (June 29, 2016): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v12i2.1968.
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<p>Rogers, Bobich, and Heppell’s (2016) case study illustrating the successful application of an "Incredible Years" intervention with a 4-year-old girl and her family in the context of a homeless shelter provides an opportunity to consider the intersecting perspectives of infant and early childhood mental health and trauma-informed care. Cathy’s exposure to intimate partner violence, her mother’s chronic depression, and her homelessness occurred during the critical developmental stages of prenatal development and the first four years of life, impacting her developing understanding of relationships and her emotion regulation. A trauma-informed perspective provides an understanding of the links between Cathy’s history of trauma and her presenting symptoms of tantrums, aggression, and "moodiness," leading to recommended parenting strategies that support co-regulation and eventually self-regulation of emotions. Although the Incredible Years intervention was successful in reducing Cathy’s symptoms, the addition of trauma-focused interventions may have the added benefit of helping Cathy to directly play and talk about her experience, together with her mother, so that both can understand and integrate their traumatic experiences and her mother can restore her role as a "protective shield" for her family. Finally, the opening provided by implementation of a successful parenting intervention could lead to a broader consultation aimed at creating a trauma-informed organization within the transitional living shelter.</p>
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Linstädter, Jörg, and Gregor Wagner. "The Early Neolithic Pottery of Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco – Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence." Journal of African Archaeology 11, no. 2 (November 11, 2013): 155–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/2191-5784-10242.
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This paper presents the Early and Late Neolithic pottery of Ifri Oudadane, a littoral shelter in Northeast Morocco containing both Epipalaeolithic as well as Neolithic deposits. The transition is indicated by the appearance of domesticated plant and animal species, pottery and diverse changes in lithic technology. A domesticated lentil dated to 7.6 ka cal BP may mark the onset of this transitional process. With the help of 22 14C-ages the Early Neolithic deposit can be subdivided in three phases (ENA, ENB, ENC). In addition, the ENC phase contained the remains of a sporadic Late Neolithic occupation. Pottery decoration of the initial ENA phase (7.6–7.3 ka cal BP) is dominated by single Cardium impressions forming horizontal and vertical bands of impressions arranged vertical, horizontal or oblique. The successive ENB phase represents the main occupation phase between 7.1 and 6.6 ka cal BP. By means of statistical methods its assemblage, which consists of 243 vessel units, could be further subdivided (ENB1, ENB2). While ENB1 (7.1–6.9 ka cal BP) is still characterised by single Cardium impressions, the transition to ENB2 is marked by the appearance of Cardium and, later, comb impressions made using rocker stamp technique as well as a few impressions of points and spatulas, striations and modelled applications. Thus the pottery assemblage of Ifri Oudadane offers insights into the first occurrence of pottery in Mediterranean Northwest Africa and opens up the possibility for an internal classification of the Early Neolithic.
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Fleshman, C., A. Wolfson, C. H. Ripple, K. Bonuck, L. Hale, I. Donskoy, R. Robbins, E. McGlinchey, G. Jean-Louis, and J. Owens. "1181 Community-based Organizations Seek Sleep Health Education." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1175.
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Abstract Introduction Increasing attention to the importance of sleep among children raises questions about how to implement accessible, effective interventions. Part of answering those questions rests in determining interest in and demand for programming. Pajama Program (PJP), a 501(c)(3), works with nearly 4,000 community-based organizations (CBOs) nationally that work with children exposed to adversity, including: foster care/child welfare; shelters; low-income schools, after-school, and early care and education programs; and social-service providers. Anticipating its launch of sleep health education programs, PJP and its Good Night Advisory Council of sleep experts designed a CBO needs assessment. Methods The survey was distributed electronically to staff at 3,911 CBOs; 1,635 organizations responded (42%). Results Across respondents, 65% work with children birth to 18 in settings that were non-residential (39%), residential (18%), or both (43%); most (91%) worked with participants for over one month. CBOs included child welfare/foster care (20.6% of respondents); transitional housing/shelter (20.5%); social services (15.6%); and early care and education (12.7%). Interest in sleep health education was high across all program types: 80 to 89% of programs within each type wanted information for staff and/or caregivers, specifically handouts (among 93% of programs), articles (88%), videos (85%), and workshops (70%). At least 90% of respondents who provided early care and education, parenting, and crisis services were interested in sleep health education for program staff. These program types also had high interest in sleep health education for caregivers, as did child welfare/foster care, school/after school, and shelters (all at least 90% of respondents). Conclusion The CBOs in this sample recognize sleep is an issue among the children they serve, but most did not have access to information on sleep health. These results establish the need for sleep health education and suggest preferred modalities. The project is a model for partnerships involving researchers, nonprofits, and community-based organizations. Support Funding for this project was provided by Pajama Program, a national 501(c)(3) non-profit.
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Metraux, Stephen, Dennis Culhane, Stacy Raphael, Matthew White, Carol Pearson, Eric Hirsch, Patricia Ferrell, Steve Rice, Barbara Ritter, and J. Stephen Cleghorn. "Assessing homeless population size through the use of emergency and transitional shelter services in 1998: Results from the analysis of administrative data from nine US jurisdictions." Public Health Reports 116, no. 4 (July 2001): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50056-0.
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Ransmeier, Johanna. "Inside the Home, Outside the Family: Wet Nurses in Republican China." Nan Nü 17, no. 2 (March 24, 2015): 276–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685268-00172p04.
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In Republican Beijing matchmakers (mei) not only arranged marriages, but also acted as brokers in domestic labor. Finding and helping a family to keep a suitable wet nurse often proved contentious. Changes to the legal environment from the 1910s to the 1930s made the task even more challenging. Previously Chinese society may have treated wet nurses as part of a household with stakes in the overall well-being of the family and a paternal guarantee of food and shelter, but the emphasis on contract as the mode of engagement in the early twentieth century altered wet nurses’ status. For some women contracts became a device through which to confront their employers, while for others the loss of constructed family obligation proved devastating. This article draws upon police records to expose rivalries between servants and the precarious nature of domestic employment in this transitional period. The experience of wet nurses also reveals competing ideas about what constituted a family at the beginning of the twentieth century, as eventually co-sanguinal prevailed over co-residential conceptions of the household unit.
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Robbins, R., C. H. Ripple, C. Fleshman, K. Bonuck, G. Jean-Louis, L. Hale, E. McGlinchey, I. Donskoy, A. Wolfson, and J. Owens. "1179 Barriers To Sleep Among Children Exposed To Adversity." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1173.
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Abstract Introduction Children exposed to adversity (e.g., homelessness, poverty) are at risk of poor sleep. Community settings that serve these children, both residential (e.g., foster care group homes, shelters) and non-residential (e.g., early care and education, schools), hold important understandings to the barriers to sleep they experience. We surveyed a heterogeneous national sample of community-based organizations (CBOs) in our Pajama Program sample to explore these barriers. Methods Pajama Program, a national 501(c)(3) nonprofit, administered an online needs assessment in May 2016 to staff at 3,911 CBOs. This poster reports on qualitative responses to the question, What are the primary barriers to sleep and bedtime among children your organization serves? Responses from residential and non-residential CBOs were analyzed separately. Two trained coders independently used the constant comparative method to analyze transcripts. Results Survey respondents (1,635) provided services in non-residential (42%), residential (18%) and combined (43%) settings. Organizations provided child welfare/foster care (20.6% of programs); transitional housing/shelter (20.5%); social services (15.6%); and early care and education (12.7%) services. Responses to the target open-ended item were from 127 non-residential and 55 residential programs. Sleep barriers common to both settings included: late/irregular bedtimes; no bedtime routine; lack of sleep education; housing/food insecurity; stress; disrupted/uncomfortable sleep; and adapting to new environments. Trauma was a barrier among residential (vs. non-residential) programs. Non-residential providers noted unstable family situations, bedding insecurity, and poor sleep hygiene. Conclusion Our research highlights barriers to sleep among children exposed to adversity, a largely understudied yet high risk group. Barriers reported by residential and non-residential CBOs were more similar than different. was Across program types and settings, CBOs expressed a need for sleep health education interventions for children and caregivers. Support Funding for this project was provided by Pajama Program, a national 501(c)(3) non-profit.
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Wood, Leila, Dessie Clark, Laurie Cook Heffron, and Rachel Voth Schrag. "Voluntary, Survivor-Centered Advocacy in Domestic Violence Agencies." Advances in Social Work 20, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/23845.
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Voluntary, survivor-centered advocacy is a model of practice used in domestic violence organizations; however, more information is needed from the perspective of survivors on how to best facilitate survivor-centered approaches in a voluntary service format. This qualitative study used a thematic analysis to uncover core advocacy approaches from 25 female-identified survivors dwelling in domestic violence emergency shelter and transitional housing programs in two states. Themes revealed that three core approaches aid a voluntary, survivor-centered advocacy model: 1) Establishing a safe base for support, 2) Facilitating access and connection, and 3) Collaboration. Advocacy approaches that emphasize safety, mutuality, and availability of support best engage survivors in voluntary services to address needs and meet goals. Use of a strengths-based approach, psychoeducation, and resource-building contributes to the social and emotional well-being of survivors. Findings indicate community DV advocates should use adaptable advocacy models aimed at service access, connection, and collaborative resource acquisition. Voluntary, survivor-centered models use principals of trauma-informed care, though more widespread use of trauma-informed care (TIC) in voluntary services are needed. Advocates need organizational support to meet survivor needs. Implications for research include the need for fidelity studies and longitudinal research.
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Duarte, Bernardo, João Carreiras, and Isabel Caçador. "Climate Change Impacts on Salt Marsh Blue Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorous Stocks and Ecosystem Services." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 1969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041969.
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Salt marshes are valuable ecosystems, as they provide food, shelter, and important nursery areas for fish and macroinvertebrates, and a wide variety of ecosystem services for human populations. These ecosystem services heavily rely on the floristic composition of the salt marshes with different species conferring different service values and different adaptation and resilience capacities towards ecosystem stressors. Blue carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous stocks are no exception to this, and rely on the interspecific differences in the primary production metabolism and physiological traits. Furthermore, these intrinsic physiological characteristics also modulate the species response to any environmental stressor, such as the ones derived from ongoing global changes. This will heavily shape transitional ecosystem services, with significant changes of the ecosystem value of the salt marshes in terms of cultural, provisioning, regulating, and supporting ecosystem services, with a special emphasis on the possible alterations of the blue carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous stocks retained in these key environments. Thus, the need to integrate plant physiological characteristics and feedbacks towards the expected climate change-driven stressors becomes evident to accurately estimate the ecosystem services of the salt marsh community, and transfer these fundamental services into economic assets, for a fluid communication of the ecosystems value to stakeholders, decision and policy makers, and environmental management entities.
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Kuittinen, Matti, and Stefan Winter. "Carbon Footprint of Transitional Shelters." International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 6, no. 3 (September 2015): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13753-015-0067-0.
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Alegria Mira, Lara, Ashley P. Thrall, and Niels De Temmerman. "Deployable scissor arch for transitional shelters." Automation in Construction 43 (July 2014): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2014.03.014.
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Hornung, Elisabeth, Andrea Kásler, and Zsolt Tóth. "The role of urban forest patches in maintaining isopod diversity (Oniscidea)." ZooKeys 801 (December 3, 2018): 371–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.22829.
Full textAbstract:
Compositional changes in natural communities associated with anthropogenic influence often lead to localised extinctions and biodiversity loss. Soil invertebrates are also threatened by urbanisation due to habitat fragmentation, vegetation changes and management, soil alteration, degradation, and disappearing shelter sites. The aim was to assess terrestrial isopod (Oniscidea) assemblages in differently degraded urban forest patches of a metropolitan area (Budapest, Hungary). Study sites were compared by their species richness, composition and the relevant background factors (soil properties, dead wood, litter characteristics, and canopy closure). The degree of urban disturbance was expressed using an urbanisation index (UI) based on built-up density and vegetation cover. The isopods were identified to species level, and were qualified by their habitat preference and naturalness index (TINI). Average Rarity Index (ARI), derived from TINIs provided information on the degree of naturalness/disturbance of each habitat. Altogether 14 isopod species were collected from 23 sample sites. Urbanisation indirectly affected on the composition of isopod assemblages through the quantity of dead wood and soil plasticity. ARIs and UIs of sample sites were negatively correlated. Urban patches harboured habitat generalist, synanthropic and established introduced species with low naturalness value of assemblages. Areas with no or low anthropogenic disturbance maintained stable native, autochthonous assemblages that were characteristic of rural sites in the region. Transitional zones between rural and urban habitats usually maintained a mixed isopod fauna consisting of both urban and rural elements.