Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transitive/intransitive

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Transitive/intransitive'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Transitive/intransitive"

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Saragih, Elza Leyli Lisnora, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "Pola Pembentukan Konstruksi Verba Serial dalam Bahasa Batak Toba (Teori X-Bar)." GERAM 8, no. 1 (June 18, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/geram.2020.vol8(1).4432.

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This study aimed to describe the construction and how the formation pattern of serial verbs in Batak Toba language through X-bar theory. A qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques using note-taking and interview techniques was used. Data were collected from interviews with native speakers and the text of Toba Batak language almanac. In analyzing the data, a method of distribution was employed. The results showed that the formation pattern of serial verbs in the Batak Toba language consisted of 4 types namely which were [transitive V1+ transitive V2], [transitive V1+intransitive V2], [intransitive V1+ transitive V2], and [intransitive V1 + intransitive V2]. The first type, [transitive V1+ transitive V2] is formed from the predicate that followed by the object + the predicate and followed by the object. The next formation, [V1 transitive + V2 intransitive] is formed from predicates followed by object + predicates and not followed by the object. The later type, [V1 intransitive + V2 transitive] is formed from predicates that not followed by object + predicates and followed by an object. Further, the last type, [intransitive V1 + V2] is formed from a predicate not followed by an object + a predicate and not followed by an object.
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Verhaar, John W. M. "How Transitive is Intransitive?" Studies in Language 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 93–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.14.1.05ver.

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MOZAZ, MARIA, LESLIE J. GONZALEZ ROTHI, JEFFREY M. ANDERSON, GREGORY P. CRUCIAN, and KENNETH M. HEILMAN. "Postural knowledge of transitive pantomimes and intransitive gestures." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 8, no. 7 (November 2002): 958–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617702870114.

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Patients with apraxia are more impaired when performing transitive pantomimes than intransitive gestures. This dissociation might be related to the differences in movement complexity. Alternatively, the programs for intransitive gestures might be better defined, more widely distributed, or easier to activate than are those for transitive pantomimes. The purpose of this study was to test the complexity versus representational hypotheses. Twenty right-handed normal subjects both performed and discriminated correct from incorrect transitive pantomimes and intransitive gestures. The discrimination was performed by having subjects point at illustrations of hand postures. The subjects performed better when discriminating postures than when performing gestures or pantomimes. On both the production and discrimination tests, subjects performed better with intransitive gestures than transitive pantomimes. Although the finding that even normal subjects had more difficulty performing transitive pantomimes than intransitive gestures might appear to support the complexity hypothesis, that subjects also had more difficulty discriminating transitive than intransitive postures supports the representational activation hypothesis. (JINS, 2002, 8, 958–963.)
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Rosliana, Lina. "Sufiks Pembentuk Verba Transitif Dan Intransitif Dalam Bahasa Jepang." KIRYOKU 3, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v3i1.17-27.

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(Title: Suffix Formers of Transitive And Intransitive Verbs In Japanese Language) This research aims to explain the process of formation verbs from the suffix of transitive and intransitive verb formers and their meanings. The data in this research were taken from Asahi Shinbun website, More Zasshi, News Livedoor and various other Japanese websites. The method which used in this research is descriptive method, and for data analysis using agih method. The theory which used in this research are verb, derivation and verb-forming suffix theory. The results of the research show that (1) There are 5 types of verb-forming suffixes: suffix –garu,-maru, -meru, -mu, and –suru, (2) Suffix –garu can be attached to adjective-i, adjective-na and -tai forms that can produce transitive and intransitive verbs (3) Suffix -maru can be attached to adjective-i and produce the intransitive verb (4) Suffix -meru can be attached to adjective-i and produce the transitive verb (5) Suffix -mu can be attached to adjective-i which can produce transitive and intransitive verbs (6) Suffix -suru can be attached to nouns and adverbs that can produce transitive or intransitive verbs (7) Some of verb-forming suffix can changes the meaning of the original word and some just changes the application.
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Lim, Khai-in. "Causatives and causativation in Tangut language." International Journal of Chinese Linguistics 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 238–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.18010.lim.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the causative verb 𘃡 wji1 and 𗟻 phji1 in the Tangut language. Causatives can be subcategorized as adversity causatives, transitive verbs (lexical causatives of intransitive verbs), analytic causatives of intransitive verbs, and causatives of transitive verbs. I argue that adversity causatives are expressed by 𘃡 wji1, while 𗟻 phji1 serves as the verb marking causatives of transitive verbs. Causatives of intransitive verbs can be divided according the directness of the action: direct actions, which often apply on inanimate objects, are causativized by 𘃡 wji1 (or use other transitive verbs), and indirect actions, which usually apply on animate objects, are causativized by 𗟻 phji1.
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Kamluejirachai, Pakpinun, and Nutprapha Dennis. "A STUDY OF VERB USED IN AN ENGLISH NEWS ONLINE WEBSITE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 3 (March 31, 2016): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i3.2016.2781.

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The purpose of this independent study was to analyze the verbs used in an English learning website, BreakingNewsEnglish.com. The sample for the study consisted 40 news selected by simple random sampling. This case study analyzed two aspects of verb usage: transitive verb and intransitive verb. The conclusion based on the results as follows: 1) The transitive verb in the base form was used most frequently (40.41%) while present participle form was used the least frequently (6.79%). 2) The intransitive verb in the base form occurred most frequently (7.13%) whereas the verb in present participle form were used only (2.21%). In conclusion, in Breaking news used transitive verb more than intransitive verb all types, the most of percentages was transitive verb with 40.41% and the lowest percentages was intransitive verb in present participle with 2.21%. BreakingNewsEnglish.com refers to events that are currently developing and are unexpected, the base form of transitive verbs helpful instructions for users on the site are extremely basic, clear and simple instruction usually seem to be a good indication of thoughtful.
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Li, Wenchao. "On the syntax of anticausativisation and decausativisation in Japanese and Chinese." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 5, no. 3 (April 1, 2015): 805–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v5i3.2867.

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This paper is dedicated to a comparison of transitive/intransitive verb alternation in Japanese and Chinese. Discussions are focused upon three grammatical elements: monosyllabic verbs, compound verbs and constructions. The findings reveal that the two languages share similarities in two aspects: (i). transitive and intransitive verbs share the same word form; (ii) transitive and intransitive verbs can derive from the same adjective stems. Significant distinctions are also seen between the two: anticausativisation and decausativisation in Japanese are mainly facilitated in morphological level, e.g. anticausativisation is realised through the morpheme and decausativisation is conveyed by . The morpheme can be used with both intransitive and transitive verbs. Regarding Chinese, lexical and syntax have a curial role to play in transitive/intransitive verb alternation. Decausativisation appears the most favourable strategy of the alternation. Two ways of decausativisation is observed: schema of [action + resultative state]; verb compounds (V-V). Three types of V-Vs are possible for this strategy, i.e. Predicate-Complement V-V, Modifier-Head V-V and Coordinative V-V. Among them, predicate-complement V-V has the largest token of decausativisation. Moreover, constraints on Chinese anticausativisation and decausativisation are seen. When a resultative complment predicate an internal argument, the higher the agentivity that implies manner of action, the greater the unlikelihood of anticausativisation. In decausativisation, the internal argument that accepts the change of state is limited to the ‘possessive relationship.
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Basoeki, Olivia De Haviland, Lusia Eni Puspandari, and Rulli Saragi. "Transitive and Intransitive Sentences in Savu Language." Journal Polingua : Scientific Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Education 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/polingua.v8i1.81.

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Language is a communication tool that is seen as a channel for delivering information or messages to others. Language is expressed through sentences that composed of several words in order to form a certain meaning. To form a certain sentence which is apply in a language must follow its rules. For example, Indonesian has a main element that must exist in a sentence, namely predicate or verb. The verb forms become the basic of forming the various sentences, including in determining the types of transitive and intransitive sentences. Predicate or verb is one characteristic that determines whether the sentence is transitive or intransitive in language skills. This reason is one of the authors' interests in discussing more details about the transitive and intransitive sentences of Savu language, which is one of the local languages in the East Nusa Tenggara Province, with speakers of the Savu tribe. Transitive and intransitive sentences in Savu have the most flexible additional elements which can be accompanied by various kinds of objects and adverb. Transitive sentences have two core arguments that are broadly called actors and undergoers, as in the following sentence: (1) ana no era do due do; (2) ta ngedi ke no pidu bue moto; these two transitive sentences of Savu have two core arguments. The predicate on transitive sentences, namely: era 'having' in data (1): ngedi 'see' in data (2), with two core arguments, they are ‘ana no’ ‘his son’ 'and due do 'two people' in data (1), then, no ‘he’ and pidu bue motto ‘seven stars’ in data (2).. Whereas the intransitive sentence has no object. Then, the arrangement of functional elements is Subject + Predicate and Predicate + Subject. The following is an example of the intransitive sentence of Savu: (3) ta mari ina; (4) ro kako la rae; the intransitive sentence of Savu language indicates that they do not have objects. In data (3) ta mari 'laugh’ is the verb; ina ‘lady' is the subject. As well as in data (4) ro 'they’ is the subject, while kako la ‘go to' and rae ‘adverb of place’.
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Jornet, Alfredo, and Wolff-Michael Roth. "Imagining design: Transitive and intransitive dimensions." Design Studies 56 (May 2018): 28–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2018.02.002.

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Donohue, Mark. "Transitivity in Tukang Besi." Studies in Language 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 83–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.22.1.04don.

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The Tukang Besi language does not appear to display a clear distinction between transitive and intransitive clauses, as transitive verbs are freely able to appear without any overt object and degrees of intransitivity are to be found in the language. The ground between transitive and intransitive contains several points of interest in that eight different degrees of transitivity can be morphologically defined in the one language, allowing us to test the relative rankings of Hopper and Thompson's criteria for transitivity.
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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transitive/intransitive"

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Hoye, Nathaniel. "Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Ki Idioms." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157620/.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine idiomatic structures with ki in the ki-wo [transitive verb] and ki-ga [intransitive verb] constructions. It is argued that for Japanese language learners, it is crucial to be able to understand and produce ki idioms, because they are frequently used in everyday speech. There are often misconceptions regarding ki in the West for those who are fans of Japanese culture due to the influence of martial arts and anime, which paint ki as a spiritual energy that can be controlled and developed. However, upon examining the above mentioned idiomatic structures with ki, it is clear that ki can be expressed as both controllable by the subject of ki (transitive), as well as a thing that acts of its own accord and is spontaneous (intransitive). This thesis somewhat corroborates the studies of W. M. Jacobson, Zoe Pei Sui Luk , and Yoshihiko Ikegami by arguing that intransitive constructions are often used in Japanese, and examining both transitive and intransitive expressions with ki is significant to understanding the meanings produced in ki expressions. It is hoped that analyzing 37 transitive and intransitive idiomatic structures with ki will help Japanese language learners not only understand the syntactic and semantic aspects of transitivity in the Japanese language, but also to help these L2 learners conceptualize the abstract noun ki, which can be defined in so many different ways in a dictionary.
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Otsuka, Yuko. "Ergativity in Tongan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326946.

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Uchida, Miyo. "Intransitive verbs with transitive counterparts in Japanese : --with focus on ergative and middle--." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31152.

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In this thesis, I have examined intransitive verbs with transitive counterparts in Japanese. In accordance with the differences in their syntactic and semantic characteristics, I have considered that they are categorized into two, so-called ergative and middle verbs. There are various theories concerning "ergative" and "middle" verbs, especially "ergative" verbs since the term ergative is somewhat confusing. For instance, some linguists consider "ergative" verbs as underlyingly transitive verbs while others consider them as lexically intransitive verbs. I have hypothesized that "ergative" verbs are lexically intransitive and "middle" verbs are derived intransitive, and have attempted to support intransitivity or transitivity of those verbs from syntactic and semantic points of view, such as concerning passive possibility, implied agent, and so on. For example, "ergative" verbs seem to be passivized whereas "middle" verbs do not seem to be passivized since potentialization, which derives "middle" verbs, has a close relationship with passive. "Ergative" verbs do not necessarily have implied agent whereas "middle" verbs always seem to have implied agent and suggest underlying agent. My analysis seems to reveal the difference in transitivity between "ergative" and "middle" verbs and supports my hypothesis.
Arts, Faculty of
Asian Studies, Department of
Graduate
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Brophy, Elizabeth Rose. "Generalization across verb types after Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST): A treatment study." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/406357.

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Communication Sciences
M.A.
Research in communication disorders suggests that training linguistically complex forms will generalize to untrained, simpler forms with similar structural properties (see Thompson, 2007 for review). The present study investigated generalization patterns from transitive verbs to two classes of intransitive verbs following administration of Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST; Edmonds, Nadeau & Kiran, 2009). Based on the Argument Structure Complexity Hypothesis (ASCH; Thompson, 2003), it was predicted that greater generalization would occur to unergatives because unergatives bear a structural relationship to transitive verbs and unaccusatives do not. Results at post-treatment supported the hypothesis with both intransitive verb types showing generalization and slightly higher effect sizes observed for unergative than for unaccusative verbs. At maintenance, this pattern was not maintained due to improvements in production of unaccusative verbs. Results support the findings of Edmonds et al. (2009) that administration of VNeST results in gains on measures of untrained, semantically related verbs as well as standardized measures of lexical retrieval and connected speech. These results also suggest that training transitive verbs results in slight generalization to untrained intransitive verbs; however, it is inconclusive whether unergative and unaccusatives intransitives show differential improvement.
Temple University--Theses
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Ismayilov, Abdulali. "Étude comparative russe-français des constructions verbales problématiques lors de l'apprentissage du français (langue étrangère)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040169.

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Basée sur une analyse contrastive, cette thèse aborde la structure verbale en français et en russe. Son objectif est d’établir un regard réflexif sur les deux langues dans le but de déterminer la différence et la ressemblance dans leur construction verbale. Explorant la question des verbes de structure différente des langues concernées, elle tente également de trouver les difficultés provoquées par cette différence à l’apprentissage. Ainsi, dans cette recherche, on parle des verbes problématiques sous un angle aussi didactique que linguistique. Composé de trois chapitres, ce travail étudie dans un premier temps le statut transitif/intransitif des verbes dans les deux langues en traitant l’approche traditionnelle et moderne et met en place une étude contrastive par rapport à la question de valence. On explore la construction verbale avec complément dans le deuxième chapitre de la recherche. Dans cette partie, l’analyse parallèle des verbes est effectuée afin de repérer leur fonctionnement selon les moyens grammaticaux de chaque langue. Et finalement, la comparaison de chaque verbe considéré problématique à l’apprentissage des deux langues suivie de tableaux fait partie du dernier chapitre. La production des tests préliminaires effectués auprès des apprenants russophones constitue également cette partie pour mieux comprendre la difficulté de ces derniers lors de la communication
Based on a contrastive analysis, this thesis deals with the verbal structure in French and Russian. Its objective is to establish a reflexive look at the two languages in order to determine the difference and the similarity in their verbal construction. Exploring the question of the verbs of different structure, it also tries to find the difficulties caused by this difference in learning. Thus, in this research, problematic verbs are spoken of in a didactic as well as linguistic angle. This work, composed of three chapters, speaks first of all about the transitive/intransitive status of verbs in both languages by treating the traditional and modern approach and sets up a contrastive study in relation to the valence question. Verbal construction is explored with complement in the second chapter of the research. In this part, the parallel analysis of the verbs is performed in order to identify their functioning according to the grammatical means of each language. And finally, the comparison of each verb considered problematical to the learning in both languages followed by tables took the part of the last chapter. The production of preliminary tests with Russian-speaking learners is also part of this work in order to better understand the difficulties of the latter during the communication
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Rezende, Camilla de. "Sentenças absolutas no português brasileiro infantil: um estudo experimental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-22112016-122002/.

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Esta dissertação é resultado de uma pesquisa que investigou o comportamento linguístico de crianças falantes nativas de português brasileiro com relação a sentenças absolutas, que consistem em uma alternância na valência de verbos transitivos encontrada especificamente no PB, tal como Eu aperto esse botão [do videogame] e, olha lá, a bola chutou. Segundo Negrão & Viotti (2010), nas absolutas o argumento que representaria a energia responsável pela causa do evento não está presente e nem chega a ser conceitualizado. Não há, portanto, a presença de uma força indutora (Negrão & Viotti, 2010). Desenvolvemos dois experimentos: um de tarefa de produção eliciada e outro de julgamento de aceitabilidade. Nossas previsões são: (a) as absolutas serão mais produzidas com a ausência da força indutora, que seria o argumento agente; (b) alguns verbos proporcionarão mais a produção de absolutas que outros, por estarem mais propensos à supressão da força indutora; e (c) crianças produzirão mais absolutas do que passivas visto que as absolutas são menos complexas estruturalmente. As condições testadas foram: presença/ausência de um agente e tipo de verbo (mais ou menos propenso à supressão do agente). Os resultados sugerem que ambas as condições influenciaram nas respostas dos participantes, de modo que os contextos sem agente e os contextos com verbos mais propensos à supressão do agente se mostraram mais propícios às sentenças absolutas. Por fim, as crianças mais novas testadas produziram mais absolutas do que passivas, o que indica que a absoluta, por ser menos complexa, é uma estrutura mais acessível às crianças.
This dissertation is the result of a research that has investigated the linguistic behavior of Brazilian Portuguese speaking children in relation to absolutive sentences, which consist of a verb valency alternation found specifically in BP, such as Eu aperto esse botão [do videogame] e, olha lá, a bola chutou (I press this button [in the videogame] and, look, the ball kicked [in the sense that the ball was kicked]). According to Negrão & Viotti (2010), in the absolutive constructions, the argument that would represent the energy responsible for the cause of the event is not present. Actually, it is not even conceptualized. Therefore, there is no driving force (Negrão & Viotti, 2010). We developed two experiments: an elicited production task and an acceptability judgment task. Our predictions are: (a) the absolutive sentences will be produced more often in contexts without a driving force, which would be, in this case, the agent; (b) more absolutive sentences will be produced with some verbs than others, because they are more likely to suppress the driving force; and (c) children will produce more absolutive constructions than passives since the absolutive construction is structurally simpler. The tested conditions were: presence/absence of an agent and verb type (more or less likely to suppress the agent). The results suggest that both conditions influenced participants answers, so that the contexts without an agent and the contexts with verbs more likely to suppress the agent were more supportive environments for the absolutive constructions. Finally, the younger children we tested produced more absolutive constructions than passives, which indicates that, as a less complex structure, the absolutive is more accessible to children.
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Liliequist, Bengt. "Ludwik Flecks jämförande kunskapsteori." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Philosophy and Linguistics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58.

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The focus of this study is the opposition of Ludwik Fleck to the logical positivism. The main interest focuses on the mutability of knowledge and the inherent problems of incommensura-bility, as well as on Fleck´s notion of reality. Fleck emphasizes a rational and continuous de-velopment of knowledge, in contrast to Thomas Kuhn´s discontinuous and irrational devel-opment, and rejects all forms of reality independent of human beings.

Fleck´s monograph Entstehung und Entwicklung einer Tatsache is a rich and multifac-eted inquiry into the nature of knowledge, emphasizing the social and historical aspects of the epistemology of science at the expense of certain logical precepts. With his concepts thought style and thought collective, Fleck is generally acknowledged as a precursor to Kuhn´s con-cepts of paradigm and scientific community. Fleck maintains a relativistic view of science and develops a comparative epistemology which challenges the logical positivists in many re-spects. He dismisses every form of reality and has therefore been regarded as an idealist, al-though there are certain aspects to his epistemology which point toward an implicit ontology based upon his idea of the passive components of knowledge.

The chief epistemological works of Fleck and his contemporary Karl Popper were published within a year of each other, 1934 and 1935, respectively, by which Popper had left the Continent to eventually become one of the leading British philosophers, while Fleck spent several years during the Second World War as a prisoner in Nazi camps. Both were firmly opposed to the logical positivism, one as a critical rationalist, the other as a sceptical relativist. Fleck was also a forerunner to the constructivist ideas and the Strong Programme.

The word ”incommensurability” has been ascribed Kuhn but the term had already been used by Fleck in 1927. The ”incommensurability thesis” dominates Kuhn´s notion of scientific revolutions and is accordingly the reason why scientific progress is considered an irrational process. The debate on the incommensurability thesis has continued to interest epistemologists and philosophers of science and many solutions have been suggested, some in line with the one proposed by Fleck.

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CHUO, YI-TING, and 卓宜葶. "The study of Japanese Transitive and Intransitive verbs:focusing on the error analysis of Transitive and Intransitive Verb Pairs." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25gyhd.

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碩士
輔仁大學
日本語文學系碩士班
106
In Japanese, there are two types of the same verb referred to as transitive and intransitive verbs, two of which are grammatically different and often lead to different meaning. As a consequence, the dissertation focuses on situations in which transitive and intransitive verbs are wrongly used. The dissertation collects examples of the Japanese verb misuse as the main targets for this study, and is expected to make some contribution to Taiwanese learners of the Japanese language. In the dissertation, the research is fully based on the collected examples of transitive and intransitive verbs misuse from CTLJ provided by National Cheng Kung University, and the verb misuse are classified into the following four types: ①Confusion using transitive or intransitive verbs ②Japanese particles, “ga” and “wo” ③Verb usage in different tenses ④Wrongly-used words, situations and examples of which will be listed and analyzed. There are five chapters in this dissertation. The first chapter is the introduction elaborating the motivation and the purpose of writing this dissertation as well as defining the range of this study and research methods. The second chapter is regarding to the reference discussion. The dissertation is according to the study referring to transitive and intransitive verbs and Japanese particles, “ga” and “wo”, that has been done in advance. The textbook, “Mina No Nihongo”, is taken as reference in the third chapter, which analyzes actual verbs in transitive and intransitive forms, sentences under various situations and tendency to using them. CTLJ is taken as the study target in the forth chapter. Based on the following three perspectives: definition of transitive and intransitive verbs, definition of Japanese particles, reasons why learners misuse the verbs, there are four points in turn analyzed from the 219 collected examples listed in CTLJ. The four points include confusion using transitive or intransitive verbs, Japanese particles, “ga” and “wo”, verb usage in different tenses, and lastly, words that are wrongly used. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this dissertation. It elaborates the achievement of this study, suggestions for Japanese learning, and study topics afterwards. The study has mainly stated that: 1. Among the misuse rates of transitive and intransitive verbs under four circumstances, the highest goes to “verb usage in different tenses” with the rate of 43.84%. The second highest is “confusion using them”, representing 25.57% of all. The third, “Japanese particles” and the last one “Wrongly-used words” stand for 16.90% and 13.70% respectively. 2. Among all the transitive and intransitive verbs usage rate based on the four types of verbs misuse, the highest goes to “intransitive verb usage in different tenses” with the rate of 30.14%. The second highest is “transitive verb usage in different tenses”, representing 13.70% of all. The third, “Wrongly-used words of intransitive verbs” and the last one “Wrongly-used words of transitive verbs” stand for 7.76% and 5.94% respectively.
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Chien, Chia-Ching, and 簡嘉菁. "Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in Japanese：Criteria and Function of Classification." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21543098327271214993.

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碩士
輔仁大學
日本語文學系
91
The present thesis aims to distinguish between transitive and intransitive verbs in Japanese with regard to their phonetic shapes (i.e. verbal suffixes), argument structures (i.e. valency), case particles (e.g. nominative, accusative and dative cases), and thematic relations (i.e. semantic roles played by arguments). In the process of our discussion, the questions such as “transitivization” of intransitive verbs and “intransitivization” of transitive verbs are also touched upon. Though our methodology is mainly based on the descriptive grammar of Japanese, the generative framework is also resorted whenever necessary. The thesis consists of six chapters. Following a brief introduction in Chapter Ⅰ.Chapter Ⅱ investigates the transitive-intransitive alternations according as they have a corresponding counterpart, and if they do, whether the correspondence is one-to-one or one-to-many. Then, Chapter Ⅲ discusses the transitive-intransitive distinction in terms of argument structure, thematic relation and lexical conceptual structure. While Chapter Ⅳ observes the concept of transitivity from a semantic point of view, coupled with the question of the prototypicality of transitive and intransitive verbs. Finally, Chapter Ⅴ deals with the X-bar structure analysis involved with transitive and intransitive verbs, further exploring into the question of case-marking and the formation of complex predicate. The conclusion reached by our thesis is：neither the phonetic shape nor the syntactic behavior (including case-marking, passivization, causativization and various other constructions) cannot serve as the conclusive criteria for distinguishing Japanese transitive and intransitive verbs. In fact, the distinction is by no means clear-cut, but rather constitutes a continuum spanning between typical transitive verbs and typical intransitive verbs, with non-typical ones gradually proceeding in between.
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Liu, Te-Chun, and 劉德駿. "The Intransitive-Transitive Usage of 4-character Sino-Japanese Compound Verbs." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b83pm6.

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Books on the topic "Transitive/intransitive"

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Jidōshibun to tadōshibun no imiron: Transitive intransitive. Tōkyō: Kasama Shoin, 2005.

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Coon, Jessica, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Introduction. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.1.

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This chapter introduces the phenomenon of ergativity, a term most commonly used to refer to systems with one or both of the following properties: (i) transitive subject (A arguments in (1)) pattern differently from intransitive subjects (S arguments) and from transitive objects (P arguments); and (ii) transitive objects and intransitive subjects pattern alike. The chapter then outlines the structure of the volume and introduces the chapters and the parts into which they are divided – accounting for ergativity; characteristics and extensions; approaches to ergativity; and case studies.
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Vajda, Edward J. Polysynthesis in Ket. Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.49.

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The Ket language isolate of Central Siberia differs morphologically from the surrounding languages in having a strongly prefixing polysynthetic verb. Grammatical markers are interdigitated between lexical morphemes, creating a discontinuous stem based on a template of eight prefixal positions, a base position and a single suffix position expressing plural agreement with animate-class subjects. Finite verb forms distinguish past from non-past indicative, as well as an imperative form. Verbs are strictly transitive or intransitive and express person, number, and noun class agreement with the subject and direct object. Although the language has accusative alignment, with subjects marked differently than objects, much of the verb’s linear complexity derives from lexically conditioned agreement strategies. There are three productive transitive configurations of agreement markers, and five productive intransitive configurations. Noun incorporation is productive for only a small number of stems. Some Ket verbs incorporate their object, others their instrument, and others their unaccusative subject.
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Coon, Jessica, and Omer Preminger. Split Ergativity is not about Ergativity. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.10.

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This chapter argues that split ergativity is epiphenomenal, and that the factors which trigger its appearance are not limited to ergative systems in the first place. In both aspectual and person splits, the split is the result of a bifurcation of the clause into two distinct case/agreement domains, which renders the clause structurally intransitive. Since intransitive subjects do not appear with ergative marking, this straightforwardly accounts for the absence of ergative morphology. Crucially, such bifurcation is not specific to ergative languages; it is simply obfuscated in nominative-accusative environments because there, by definition, transitive and intransitive subjects pattern alike. The account also derives the universal directionality of splits, by linking the structure that is added to independent facts: the use of locative constructions in nonperfective aspects (Bybee et al. 1994, Laka 2006, Coon 2013), and the requirement that 1st/2nd person arguments be structurally licensed (Bejar & Rezac 2003, Preminger 2014).
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Aldridge, Edith. Intransitivity and the Development of Ergative Alignment. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.21.

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This chapter surveys pathways that have been proposed for how ergative alignment develops diachronically in an accusative language. The most common source cited for ergative alignment is a clausal nominalization. This is because the v (or n) in the nominalization has the same case-licensing featural composition as transitive v in an ergative language: 1) the external argument in the specifier is assigned inherent (typically genitive) case; and 2) there is no structural licensing capability for an object. After reanalysis, the external argument continues to receive inherent case, and the object values nominative case with T, resulting in an ergative pattern in transitive clauses. Other proposed sources are also typically intransitive constructions lacking accusative objects and in which the external argument is assigned inherent case or is packaged as a PP, for example possessive constructions and passives
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Queixalós, Francesc. What being a Syntactically Ergative Language means for Katukina-Kanamari. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.42.

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The structure of the basic clause in Katukina-Kanamari is, to a significant extent, conditioned by the internal structure of the verb phrase, which is starkly parallel to that of noun and adposition phrases. Depending on its internal make up, the verb phrase generates, for the same verbs, two patterns of transitive clauses, ergative and accusative, neither of which is synchronically derived from the other, but the latter appears as highly restricted in distribution. It also yields two patterns of intransitive clauses, one primary, the other resulting from an intransitivizing voice process. Since the basic transitive clause shows a clear syntactic hierarchy between its two arguments, intransitivizing voice is seen as of primary formal motivation: promoting the agent participant to subject status, a far more central need in this language than the functional motivation for relegating the patient participant to either adjunct status or no expression at all.
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Tooley, Michael. Causes, Laws, and Ontology. Edited by Helen Beebee, Christopher Hitchcock, and Peter Menzies. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199279739.003.0019.

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Different approaches to causation often diverge very significantly on ontological issues, in the case of both causal laws, and causal relations between states of affairs. This article sets out the main alternatives with regard to each. Causal concepts have surely been present from the time that language began, since the vast majority of action verbs involve the idea of causally affecting something. Thus, in the case of transitive verbs describing physical actions, there is the idea of causally affecting something external to one — one finds food, builds a shelter, sows seed, catches fish, and so on — while in the case of intransitive verbs describing physical actions, it is very plausible that they involve the idea of causally affecting one's own body — as one walks, runs, jumps, hunts, and so on.
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Patterson, Ian. The Penny’s Mighty Sacrifice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806516.003.0010.

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In the (often left-wing) writings on the Spanish Civil War, the idea of sacrifice (both transitive and intransitive) is intertwined with theories and practices of class conflict. The secular bent to much left-wing thinking did not preclude using associations with religious sacrifice to characterize the war’s fatalities; the bombing of Guernica and Madrid, for example, were both described as ‘martyrdoms’. Even in those views of the war that emphasized the importance of dialectical materialism, there is often an inherent logic of self-sacrifice—particularly for those middle-class and intellectual members of the Communist left whose commitment to revolution included a commitment to the supersession of their own individuality in the name of the party. This chapter examines how such ideological figurings of sacrifice are presented in lyrical and elegiac poems by poets such as W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender, Clive Branson, George Barker, Margot Heinemann, and Cecil Day Lewis.
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Book chapters on the topic "Transitive/intransitive"

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Baldan, Paolo, and Alessandro Beggiato. "Multilevel Transitive and Intransitive Non-interference, Causally." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39519-7_1.

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Berry, Roger. "Verbs Which Can Be Transitive and Intransitive." In English Grammar, 160–63. Second edition. | New York, NY: Routledge, [2018] | Series:: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351164962-30.

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Filosofova, Tatiana. "Verbs: transitive and intransitive verbs, active and passive voice." In Da!, 210–13. Second edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge concise grammars: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429264764-21.

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Mayes, Patricia. "The transitive/intransitive construction of events in Japanese and English discourse." In Meaning Through Language Contrast, 277–91. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.99.22may.

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Abu-Chacra, Faruk. "Derived verb forms, roots (stems) and radicals, transitive and intransitive verbs." In Arabic, 157–73. Second edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge essential grammars |: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315620091-18.

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Göhler, Gerhard. "Transitive und intransitive Macht." In Variationen der Macht, 223–43. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845238418-223.

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Bourmayan, Anouch, and Francois Recanati. "Transitive Meanings for Intransitive Verbs*." In Brevity, 122–42. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664986.003.0008.

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Ian, Hinchliffe, and Holmes Philip. "Verbs, transitive, intransitive and reflexive." In Intermediate Swedish: A Grammar And Workbook, 65–70. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429061097-12.

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"INTRANSITIVE, TRANSITIVE AND CAUSATIVE VERBS." In Urdu: An Essential Grammar, 201–21. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203979280-15.

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Faarlund, Jan Terje. "The verb phrase." In The Syntax of Mainland Scandinavian, 79–154. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817918.003.0005.

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The verb phrase is headed by a verb, which may be an auxiliary verb with a grammatical function, a copula, or a lexical verb. Lexical verbs are avalent, transitive, intransitive, ergative, or unaccusative. The verb may have from zero to three arguments, and in addition various adjuncts. The verb always precedes its complements in base structure (VO), and complements may belong to any phrasal category. A crucial concept is that of the small clause (SC), consisting of a predicate word (non-finite verb, adjective, preposition) with possible complements, and a DP functioning as a SC subject. With intransitive and possibly with unaccusative verbs, the SC subject is the surface subject; with transitive verbs it is the object. The verbal particle is a special type of intransitive preposition. The indirect object is generated as the specifier of a lower VP. Free adjuncts, whether predicate or adverbial, are right-adjoined to VP.
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Conference papers on the topic "Transitive/intransitive"

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Zongjie, Wang, and Wang Jinghui. "Analysis of Japanese Intransitive Verb and Transitive Verb Expressions Based on Different Perspectives." In 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Information and Computer Science (ICEMC 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemc-17.2017.126.

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Catrambone, Vincenzo, Alberto Greco, Giuseppe Averta, Matteo Bianchi, Nicola Vanello, Antonio Bicchi, Gaetano Valenza, and Enzo Pasquale Scilingo. "EEG Processing to Discriminate Transitive-Intransitive Motor Imagery Tasks: Preliminary Evidences using Support Vector Machines." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512239.

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Vanutelli, Maria E., Livia Cortesi, Erika Molteni, and Michela Balconi. "fNIRS measure of transitive and intransitive gesture execution, observation and imagination in ecological setting: A pilot study." In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7319143.

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