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1
Ländström, Saga. "Växa upp och blomma ut : En analys av könstillblivandet för tre karaktärer i Schiefauers Pojkarna." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för utbildningsvetenskap och språk, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-8824.
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Bakgrund: Uppsatsen handlar om den Augustprisvinnande ungdomsromanen Pojkarna som handlar om de tre vännerna Kim, Bella och Momo som av omgivningen könas som flickor tills de finner en magisk blomma som förvandlar deras kroppar så att de könas som pojkar. Detta verk valdes då det kan hävdas att det är viktigt att undersöka just litteratur med teman relaterade till transpersoner, då detta är en fråga som ofta glöms bort av HBTQ-rörelsen, feminismen samt queerteoretiska akademiker. Syfte: Syftet är att avgöra hur de tre vännernas könstillblivande porträtteras, om det finns skillnader i hur ciskön och transkön framställs och till vilken grad detta sker på ett respektfullt sätt. Metod: Metoden baserar sig på den hermeneutiska spiralen som fokuserar på pendelrörelsen mellan del och helhet i analysen av texten. Vidare utgörs analysen av den "lins" genom vilken texten läses, och denna "lins" är konstruerad av de teorier om kön, litteratur och stereotypiska transframställningar som tas upp i teoriavsnittet. Uppsatsen utgår från ett konstruktivistiskt perspektiv som anser att litteraturen är med och skapar verkligheten, och i analysen av det litterära verket betraktas karaktärer som mimetiska vilket innebär att de antas säga något om människor eller grupper av människor även utanför litteraturen. Resultat: Karaktärernas könstillblivande porträtteras som en blandning mellan naturlig utveckling och inlärning av socialt konstruerade könsroller. Den största skillnaden mellan transkön och ciskön tycks vara att ciskön porträtteras som mer naturliga och transkön som mer artificiella, även om båda har drag av båda egenskaperna. Det går inte att påstå att porträtteringen sker på ett helt respektfullt sätt, vilket mest beror på att transkön framställs som mindre naturligt, och transpersoner reduceras till sina kroppar och objektifieras på så sätt.
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Vahlroos, Riikka. "I began to be free : A study on two trans-active Finnish men." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16686.
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This study focuses on Finnish transmen and their life stories. It goes through the practical reality of the gender re-assignment process, but focuses on the personal experiences of two individual men. The study is based on in-depth interviews with informants, material which has been analyzed with the help of Judith Butler’s theory on gender.
Den här uppsatsen handlar om två finska transmän och deras livshistorier. Studien går igenom den praktiska realiteten av könskorrigeringsprocessen, men fokuserar på de personliga erfarenheterna av dessa två individuella män. Den är baserad på djupintervjuer med informanter, material som har analyserats med hjälp av Judith Butlers teori om genus.
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Bader, Samuel James. "Higher levels of the transmon qubit." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92701.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-95).
This thesis discusses recent experimental work in measuring the properties of higher levels in transmon qubit systems. The first part includes a thorough overview of transmon devices, explaining the principles of the device design, the transmon Hamiltonian, and general Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics concepts and methodology. The second part discusses the experimental setup and methods employed in measuring the higher levels of these systems, and the details of the simulation used to explain and predict the properties of these levels.
by Samuel James Bader.
S.B.
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Al, Shehri Zafer Saad. "Function of cancer associated protein translin." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/function-of-cancer-associated-protein-translin(dea2a5f5-2f12-4d5b-a39c-91cda6569a97).html.
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Translin and its binding partner protein Translin-associated factor-X (TRAX) have been implicated in a diverse range of cellular processes. Translin has been demonstrated to bind to both DNA and RNA and appears to be involved in the recognition of specific sequences associate with breakpoint junctions of chromosomal translocations linked with the development of some human cancers. More recently, Translin and TRAX have been found to make a heterocomplex known as C3PO which has been implicated in passenger strand removal in the RNAi pathway and tRNA processing. Translin is conserved in the fission yeast and in this study we used this facile model system to further investigate the biological function of Translin. Initial work confirmed previous findings that demonstrated loss of Translin function alone has no measureable negative affect on fission yeast cells. However, we addressed the hypothesis that Translin functioned in a redundant pathway with the RNAi pathway component Dicer and found that when Dicer and Translin are disrupted there are enhanced levels of genome instability which are not due to failures in the DNA damage response. Further investigation demonstrated that this was due to an enhanced failure in the function of centromeric heterochromatin, which is regulated in part by the RNAi pathway. Here we present a model demonstrating that Translin is the key regulator of a previously inferred argonaute-dependent, Dicer-independent regulator of centromeric heterochromatin function and chromosome stability.
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Foord, John. "Transkei grasslands : recent phenomenon or ancient?" Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25989.
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Acocks (1953) suggested that Transkei was once covered in Forest and Scrub-Forest and has possibly been transformed by the Iron Age Farmers to grasslands. Feely (1985) suggested that the grasslands are ancient. I therefore used C isotope analysis to reveal whether there has been any change in the dominant vegetation during the Iron Age period. We measured the δ¹³C value of the soil organic matter taken at various depths These were taken from selected sites throughout Transkei that represented the grasslands, forests and grasslands suspected of once being forest or scrub-forest. The results show that the vegetation has remained stable. Those area that are presently covered in grasslands have remained grasslands for the time period represented by the depth of the samples taken. There is however a small shift in the forest and grassland sites to a lower isotopic value either as a result of changing vegetation or changes in the atmospheric [O₂]. There is also archaeological, ecological and historical evidence supporting these results. There is evidence of settlements scattered along the coast and in river valleys during the Early Iron Age (AD 300 to AD 1000). The earliest evidence of settlements during the Late Iron Age dates to AD 1400. The impact of the farmers appears to be localised and the vegetation type appears to have remained constant although impacted on.
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Kabingesi, Mlulami Goodenough. "The image of traffic policing in Transkei." Thesis, University of Zululand, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1306.
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A dissertation submitted to the the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 1995.This research aims at investigating the image of traffic policing in Transkei. To achieve this goal, questionnaires were distributed to a purposive sample of 600 respondents. Five towns whose people are exposed to traffic policing were targeted, namely: Umtata, Butterworth, Engcobo, Qumbu and Libode. The researcher personally collected the questionnaires. A total of five hundred completed questionnaires were collected. To achieve reliable results, Chi-square, F-test and t-test have been implemented to test for significant differences. The attitudes of the respondents have been measured with regard to two traffic institutions in Transkei, namely: Municipal and Provincial traffic institutions. Traffic order cannot be achieved in Transkei if a sound partnership between the traffic police and the public is lacking.
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Suri, Baladitya. "Transmon qubits coupled to superconducting lumped element resonators." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3711371.
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I discuss the design, fabrication and measurement at millikelvin-temperatures of Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junction-based transmon qubits coupled to superconducting thin-film lumped element microwave resonators made of aluminum on sapphire. The resonators had a center frequency of around 6GHz, and a total quality factor ranging from 15,000 to 70,000 for the various devices. The area of the transmon junctions was about 150 nm × 150 nm and with Josephson energy EJ such that 10GHz ≤ EJ ≤ 30 GHz. The charging energy of the transmons arising mostly from the large interdigital shunt capacitance, was Ec/h ≈ 300MHz.
I present microwave spectroscopy of the devices in the strongly dispersive regime of circuit quantum electrodynamics. In this limit the ac Stark shift due to a single photon in the resonator is greater than the linewidth of the qubit transition. When the resonator is driven coherently using a coupler tone, the transmon spectrum reveals individual "photon number'' peaks, each corresponding to a single additional photon in the resonator. Using a weighted average of the peak heights in the qubit spectrum, I calculated the average number of photons n¯ in the resonator. I also observed a nonlinear variation of n¯ with the applied power of the coupler tone Prf. I studied this nonlinearity using numerical simulations and found good qualitative agreement with data.
In the absence of a coherent drive on the resonator, a thermal population of 5.474 GHz photons in the resonator, at an effective temperature of 120 mK resulted in a weak n = 1 thermal photon peak in the qubit spectrum. In the presence of independent coupler and probe tones, the n = 1 thermal photon peak revealed an Autler-Townes splitting. The observed effect was explained accurately using the four lowest levels of the dispersively dressed Jaynes-Cummings transmon-resonator system, and numerical simulations of the steady-state master equation for the coupled system.
I also present time-domain measurements on transmons coupled to lumped-element resonators. From T1 and Rabi oscillation measurements, I found that my early transmon devices (called design LEv5) had lifetimes (T1 ∼ 1 μs) limited by strong coupling to the 50 Ω transmission line. This coupling was characterized by the the rate of change of the Rabi oscillation frequency with the change in the drive voltage (dfRabi /dV) – also termed the Rabi coupling to the drive. I studied the design of the transmon-resonator system using circuit analysis and microwave simulations with the aim being to reduce the Rabi coupling to the drive. By increasing the resonance frequency of the resonator ωr/2π from 5.4 GHz to 7.2 GHz, lowering the coupling of the resonator to the transmission line and thereby increasing the external quality factor Qe from 20,000 to 70,000, and reducing the transmon-resonator coupling g/2π from 70 MHz to 40 MHz, I reduced the Rabi coupling to the drive by an order of magnitude (∼ factor of 20). The T 1 ∼ 4 μs of devices in the new design (LEv6) was longer than that of the early devices, but still much shorter than the lifetimes predicted from Rabi coupling, suggesting the presence of alternative sources of noise causing qubit relaxation. Microwave simulations and circuit analysis in the presence of a dielectric loss tangent tan δ ≃ 5 × 10 -6 agree reasonably well with the measured T 1 values, suggesting that surface dielectric loss may be causing relaxation of transmons in the new designs.
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Lewis, Colin A. "The bells of north western Transkei, South Africa." The Ringing World, 2004. http://www.ringingworld.co.uk.
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[From Introduction] Few of the many visitors to South Africa journey into the isolated country east of Queenstown and south of Elliot, in the rugged basin and range country of that part of the Transkei. That is largely a forgotten land, hidden south of the Mount Arthur range from the rolling grasslands of the Drakensburg foothills and their commercial farms.Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
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Andrew, Maura. "A geographical study of agricultural change since the 1930s in Shixini Location, Gatyana district, Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005509.
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This study examines the dynamics of agricultural change amongst traditional African smallholder farmers in Shixini location, Gatyana District, Transkei. This entailed an examination of the historical, regional and local causes of agricultural change and the response of the local community. What became evident was that there had been a gradual decline in agricultural output after the 1930s due to a combination of socio-economic and environmental constraints. Pressure on limited resources and land degradation, a consequence of socio-economic pressures on the African peasantry and agricultural expansion, reduced carrying capacities and soil fertility within the African reserves. Racially discriminatory policies also reduced African access to agricultural markets and forced peasants into migrant labour. The initial response to this agricultural decline was to maintain cultivation and pastoral practices, despite declining output, and rely more heavily on migrant labour. However, massive population ~owth from the mid 1950s onwards stimulated a rapid change in cultivation practices. Rural households found it increasingly difficult to gain access to arable land in river valleys and growing poverty undermined their ability to cultivate fields. In response to these conditions the rural population abandoned their fields and expanded garden cultivation. Garden cultivation was a more intensive method of cultivation which made more efficient use of household resources, maintained long-term yields and had a less detrimental impact on the soil. This study attempts to make a contribution to southern African historiography and historical geography. Since the rise of radical human geography in the 1970s there has been a growing number of political economy studies focusing on capitalist expansion, racially discriminatory state policies and associated class conflicts in South Africa. However, most of these studies have focused on urban communities. The political economy of African rural areas has been sorely neglected by human geographers despite the enormous growth of such studies amongst historians and other social scientists. This study of agricultural change in Shixini location, Transkei adds to the small collection of geographical research on the political economy of African rural areas. It also adds to the large body of historical research by focusing on the recent past, a much less well documented period. The most important component of the study was an examination of the response of the rural community to socio-economic and environmental changes. This brought the often neglected role of human agency within the world political economy into the study. Environmental factors, often neglected by'historians and human geographers, were also brought into the analysis. The examination of such a broad range of factors was facilitated through the use of a wide variety of source material including historical, anthropological and socio-economic literature, official statistics, archival records, aerial photographs and a sample survey
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Ngcaba, Siyanda Vincent. "The decline of agriculture in rural Transkei: ʺthe case of Mission Location in Butterworthʺ." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003084.
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The following dissertation sets out to investigate the decline of agriculture in Mission location at Butterworth, Transkei, using the Rehabilitation Scheme as a benchmark. The scheme was introduced in 1945 to combat soil erosion and improve agriculture in the African reserve areas, as the South African government claimed. The dissertation argues that this claim by the government served to mask the real intentions behind the scheme namely, to regiment the migrant labour system by depriving as many Africans as possible of productive land so that they were unable to fully subsist by means of agriculture. This is further shown by analysing the impact of the Rehabilitation scheme in Mission location in which a substantial number of people lost arable land as a result of the implementation of the scheme in 1945. These people were consequently denied the wherewithal to subsist by agriculture. Moreover, the efforts of the government resulted to a modernisation of agriculture by making it more cash-based- for example through the introduction of fencing, the need for tractors as a result of a decline in stock numbers (in part as a result of stock culling). Most people could hardly afford this type of agriculture and were consequently forced off the land. The dissertation concludes that indeed the decline of agriculture in Mission location can be linked to the changing agricultural and land-holding practices brought about by the government- especially the introduction of the Rehabilitation scheme.
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Macala, Lukholo. "Identification and evaluation of key factors for rehabilitation of shores denuded of mussels (Perna perna) along the Transkei Coast, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002966.
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Mussels play an important supplementary role in the diet of local communities on the Transkei coast in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The exploitation of mussels date back to about 1350 years ago, but in the last 3 decades, exploitation of the brown mussel Perna perna has become unsustainable with mussels collected as small as 30-40mm when they are only just sexually mature. Dye and Dyantyi (2002) developed a technique to rehabilitate areas denuded of adult mussels. The government sponsored Mussel Rehabilitation Project (MRP) to use this technique but only some sites have been successfully rehabilitated, reaching c. 80 % cover within a year whilst others only reach about 5%. At an unexploited site (Riet River), I tested the effects of mussel size and wave strength on the effectiveness of the rehabilitation technique, hypothesizing that different size classes may respond differently due to differences in their energy allocation (growth vs reproduction), while wave action determines food supply. Small (1-2cm) and large mussels (3-4cm) were deployed for rehabilitation at 2 exposed and 2 sheltered sites, separated by 100s m. A similar study was repeated in Coffee Bay where shores are exploited. Six sites were selected, 3 sites that had been successfully rehabilitated and 3 that were unsuccessful according to the MRP. Again, two size classes were used but these differed from the first experiment. Mussels of 3-4cm size were now rated as small and 5-6cm as large. Two methods were used to re-attach mussels, the original and the same method with the addition of mesh bags during mussel deployment. Treatments were examined on three occasions at approximately one month intervals. At Riet River, the sites chosen did not show differences in wave strength (measured using dynamometers) or water flux (measured using erosion of cement balls) so that water motion was excluded from the analyses. Small mussels grew faster and had weaker attachment than large mussels. There was no difference in condition index between small and large mussels, or in the numbers of recruits settling among the byssus threads of deployed mussels of the two size classes. In Coffee Bay, there was no relationship between rehabilitation success and maximum wave force, and no difference in bulk water flux among sites. Small mussels deployed using mesh bags survived better than non-meshed or large mussels of either treatment. There was no difference in condition index (CI) between mesh and no-mesh, or between small and large mussels. As in the case of Riet River, small mussels grew faster than large mussels, but large mussels attached stronger than small mussels, with no effect of mesh. Although the factors that improve reseeding of mussels can be identified (use of mesh, use of small mussels, choice of sites with high recruitment rates), successful long-term rehabilitation requires appropriate subsequent management of re-seeded sites.
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Louis, Michel. "Architecture et accès d'un frontal de communication à TRANSPAC, TRANSCOM et TRANSDYN association de voies terrestres à des liaisons TRANSDYN unidirectionnelles /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615364v.
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Louis, Michel. "Architecture et acces d'un frontal de communication a transpac, transcom et transdyn : association de voies terrestres a des liaisons transdyn unidirectionnelles." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066374.
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Description d'un frontal de communication multiprocessus. Mise en uvre de liaisons transdyn basees sur des liaisons par satellite telecom1 au moyen de la classe 4 du protocole de transport iso. Definition du protocole de transport pour la diffusion de donnees proche de la classe 4 du protocole iso
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Mangwale, Kagiso. "The impact of forest degradation on carbon stocks of forests in the Matiwane area of the Transkei, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012799.
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This study focused on assessing the condition and creating a carbon inventory of forests in the Matiwane area of the Transkei. This entailed the use of aerial photography in tracing forest cover change from 1942 to 2007 coupled with ground-truthing to assess whether the forests have in any way endured degradation over the years with a potential reduction in carbon stocks as a result. This study revealed both the loss and gain of biomass in the area with a general trend of forests being continuously converted to agricultural fields resulting in reduced forest area, stem density, tree density and carbon loss in different pools of the forests, reflecting that these forests are degraded. The conversion has resulted in the reduction in the number of species from a mean of 11±0.57 species/200m² in intact forests to 1±0.23species/200m² plot in degraded forests. It was also revealed that approximately 5.2 % (791 hectares) of 15 352 hectares of forest area was lost as a result of the conversion of forest land to agricultural fields from 1942 to 2007 with 99 % of the clearing occurring in the last 33 years (1974-2007) and of which 60 % ( 4 77 hectares) occurred from 1995 to 2007, indicating that forest degradation in these forests is on the increase. The assessment also revealed some areas that were nonforest in 1942 that have accumulated woody biomass (BAA), composed mainly of Acacia sp accounting for 51.18 MgC.ha⁻¹ (Megagrams of carbon per hectare) and total carbon stocks of 0.02 TgC (Teragrams of carbon). The degradation of these forests induced a reduction in carbon stocks from 311.68±23.69 MgC.ha⁻¹ (to a soil depth 0-50 cm) in intact forest to 73.46±12.34 MgC.ha⁻¹ in degraded forests. The total carbon stocks in the degraded forests were approximated at 0.06 TgC and the BAA areas 0.02 TgC with 4.7 TgC in intact forests. The degradation of these forests has resulted in the net carbon loss of 0.19 TgC between 1942 and 2007 but 4.76 TgC is still locked in these forests. The large difference in carbon stocks between intact and degraded forests indicated the need to reduce the degradation of these forests to prevent further carbon loss and reduction of the carbon sequestration potential of these forests.
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Tuohino, S. (Sasu). "Analysis of nonlinear dynamics in a classical transmon circuit." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201711223138.
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The focus of this thesis is on classical dynamics of a transmon qubit. First, we introduce the basic concepts of the classical circuit analysis and use this knowledge to derive the Lagrangians and Hamiltonians of an LC circuit, a Cooper-pair box, and ultimately we derive Hamiltonian for a transmon qubit. The transmon Hamiltonian is used to derive the equations of motion and also the meaning of these equations is discussed. Finally, the thesis is ended with some numerical results for the transmon equations of motion with a brief interpretation included.
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Ludford, Adam. "Testing the existence and direction of "spill-over" of mussel recruits beyond the boundaries of marine protected areas." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005474.
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Landscape ecology helps in predicting the influence of habitat fragmentation on populations. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are expected to create areas of good quality patches and so improve connectivity among shores. MPAs are believed not only to protect adult populations, but also to enhance recruitment both within MPAs and on surrounding exploited shores, therefore improving their ability to recover from overexploitation. As such, MPAs are a preferred management tool for the conservation of natural populations. Although MPAs have been demonstrated to enhance adult abundances, little work has been done on their ability to provide so called "spill-over" of recruits nor has the generality of the influence of MPAs been investigated in a single region with multiple control sites. The Transkei region, on the east coast of South Africa, and the intertidal mussel, Perna perna, offer an ideal system to test the generality of the influence of MPAs on surrounding shores, due to the presence of multiple MPAs and exploited control sites. Patterns of adult abundance were surveyed at four MPAs and two comparably sized exploited control sites. Adult abundances were, in general, found to be higher within MPAs than at exploited control sites, with adult abundances decreasing towards the edge of MPAs and decreasing even more on the outside shores. To simplify the sorting procedure for samples of mussel recruits, a new method using fractionated elutriation was devised and tested. This new method was found to be more accurate, although not statistically significant but also substantially more time consuming. The increase in accuracy although not statistically significant could be biologically significant, especially when looking at low numbers. This new method could, therefore, be very useful especially when [...] is low. Recruitment was estimated over three months during the main reproductive season at two of the MPAs and at appropriate control sites. I predicted that recruitment patterns would mirror the patterns found in adult abundances and that there would be directionality in patterns of recruitment, with northern sites having greater recruitment due to the direction of near-shore ocean currents. Contrary to this, there were no correlations between adult abundance and recruitment for any of the months or sites, with no clear spatial pattern of recruitment in any of the three months. There was, however, a slight trend of greater recruitment at northern sites. To explain the lack of consistency in recruitment and adult abundances, wind data were used to examine the near-shore surface currents in this area, with theoretical surface currents showing similar patterns to those observed for recruitment. From a landscape perspective, the good patches created by MPAs supply recruits to the surrounding matrix but the low quality of habitat in the matrix prevents rehabilitation. The quality of the matrix must therefore be first improved by reseeding these shores. These results emphasise that while MPAs may function in protecting adult abundances, their influence on supplying recruits and hence recovery of near-by exploited shores may be overestimated. This lack of influence on near-by exploited shores highlights the need for reseeding of shores in conjunction with suitable management plans.
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Heron, Gavin Stewart. "Household, production and the organisation of cooperative labour in Shixini, Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007448.
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Incidences of cooperation in agricultural activity are widespread phenomena in low-income third world communities. Two forms of cooperative labour groupings are identified in Shixini, Transkei . These are the work party and the ploughing company. It is argued that different organisational principles operate in the different cooperative forms. Work parties are based on principles of neighbourhood whi Ie ploughing companies are organised around kinship relationships. Factors which determine the principle of organisation are social values; the wider South African economic system; ecology; reciprocity; the constitution and structure of the household; economic differentiation; and labour demand and supply. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. The first is an overview of the Shixini social, economic and political systems. This chapter discusses the influence of the wider South African politico-economic system on agricultural production; the Shixini!Transkei political context; kinship and its relation to social organisation; and the likely effects of an agricultural 'betterment' scheme on the area. The second chapter is an overview of agricultural production in Shixini. It is found that the most significant determinants of agricultural production is the structure and constitution of the household and the way in which stock is distributed in the community. The third and fourth chapters describe and analyse Xhosa work parties and ploughing companies . Argument is lead as to the reasons for the specific organisational principles operating in each case. The penultimate chapter is an analysis of sacred and secular ritual. It is argued that both ritual forms reveal cooperative principles of organisation. Secular ritual dramatises the organisation of work parties while sacred ritual dramatises kinship relationships and so, the organisation of ploughing companies.KMBT_363
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Madikizela, Nosinodi Alicia. "Family planning : an evaluative study on the attitudes and use of contraceptives by black males in Umtata." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006454.
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The purpose of this study is to identify, observe and record the attitudes and use to of contraceptives by black males in Umtata and to investigate the effect of education, urbanisation and age on fertility control. Data was gathered from a sample of adult males who were past the school going age and were employed or working in Umtata and its surburbs, which are Ngangelizwe, Ikwezi, Southernwood, Northcrest, Norwood, Ncambedlana, Nduli Crescent, Fortgale and Hill Crest. Information was also gathered from Nursing officers in charge of family planning service centres in the areas mentioned above. Findings reveal that, although black urbanised educated males in Umtata seem to have accepted the use of contraceptives by themselves and their sexual partners, their patterns of behaviour in relation to fertility control and the value of children to families remains traditional. This contributes to the relatively high fertility rate in the country. Children are an investment for old age. They are also regarded as a security factor against divorce. It is the duty of legally married couples to raise a family with children who will continue to bear the family name. It appears that men are either suspicious of modern contraception if not totally opposed to it. Many still prefer the use of natural methods of contraception. There is thus need for social workers and health planners to recognise and educate males on the use and benefits of modern contraceptives to limit the number of children borne and control periods when they would like to have children. This study will be of value to social welfare services and to family planning nurses who are in direct contact with clients in hospitals and clinics, in their family planning campaigns, when they motivate couples and individuals on the importance of family planning, and also in mother-and-child health services. Educationists, sociologists, psychologists and persons in other fields of study will also benefit from information attained in this survey.
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Tapscott, Christopher Peter Gerard. "The rise of #development' as a policy theory in South Africa, 1978 - 1988 : a critique." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320380.
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The concept "development" and its corollary "under- development" gained wide recognition and acceptance in the West in late 1950s and early 1960s, contemporaneous with the decolonisation of much of the Third World. In South Africa in contrast, the concept was largely shunned during the 1960s and early 1970s as the majority of white academics, politicians and state ideologues concentrated on explaining, rationalising and implementing "separate development" (apartheid). In the mid 1970s, confronted with an enduring structural/hegemonic crisis, the state and ruling white elite were forced to restructure the prevailing form of domination and embark on a series of new initiatives to defuse mass struggles and incorporate specific strata of the oppressed black majority. The state's approach, in particular, encapsulated in the notion of a "total strategy", put forward a new constellation of economic, political and ideological policies. It was within the context of this shift in policy that the concept of "development" can be seen to have emerged in South Africa in the late 1970s and early 1980s. This thesis sets out to identify both the factors which gave rise to the concept of "development" in South Africa, and the primary actors responsible for propagating the new ideas. It will also investigate the particular inflection given to "development" by apartheid policies. It will be argued that not only did "development" constitute part of a broad programme of ideological restructuring, but it also had practical content, shaping policies which had a material impact on the lives of millions of South Africans. A case study of the Transkei homeland will trace the rise of "development thinking" in one part of South Africa, and will argue that while the ideological content of socio-economic programmes might have altered, they did not appear to have substantially improved the living conditions of those to whom they were ostensibly directed.
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Mniki, Claribel Pumzile. "A survey of the curricula for the pre-service education of secondary school geography teachers in South Africa, with special reference to Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001406.
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Programmes designed for the pre-service education of secondary school geography teachers reflect the assumptions held by programme designers regarding the nature of education, teaching in general and geography teaching in particular. The general practice is that in universities, individual method lecturers design their programmes and in colleges within a department of education the programmes are centrally planned. Each programme focuses on a specific context. This, together with the autonomy enjoyed by university method lecturers in designing their courses, has resulted in the variations found in geography teacher education programmes. The evidence of this is found in the structure and duration of courses, the course content, the strategies used to educate teachers and the way in which the course is evaluated. This thesis is an attempt to establish consensus and divergence in pre-service education programmes for secondary school geography teachers regarding their organisation, specific knowledge imparted to student teachers; skills, values and attitudes developed. The pre-service education of secondary school geography teachers in South Africa is revealed in an analysis of views held by method lecturers, practising teachers in secondary schools, and student teachers and an analysis of course outlines , teaching practice assessment forms and geography method examination papers. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations made for improving the initial education of secondary school geography teachers in Transkei
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Simon, Christian Michael. "Dealing with distress: a medical anthropological analysis of the search for health in a rural Transkeian village." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001599.
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This study aims to characterize and understand the search for health in a rural Transkeian community. It begins with the observation that the people of Jotelo have to negotiate considerable hardships in their daily lives. These hardships include the impact of malnutrition, undernourishment and a wide range of diseases like tuberculosis, typhoid and gastro-enteritis. To survive ill-health, people develop numerous practical strategies. Most significantly, they attempt to maximise availalble resources, like cash, their relations with others and local medical facilities. Hence the study attempts to characterize how and why patients select various kinds of therapy in their search for health. By focusing on patients' recourses to treatment, the study reveals that the search for health is as much a personal experience as it is a social and economic one. This idea is developed in an analysis of the links betw'een work, illness and social reproduction. The point which emerges from this discussion captures the central theme of the study: the search for health is a profoundly personal, social and economic experience. This notion is strengthened by an examination of the historical and contemporary nature of local health and health care. It is observed that health and health care is intimately linked to the local and wider political economy. This not only serves to contextualise the discussion on patients' actual experiences, but points to the fact that these experiences are part of wider processes. By depicting the search for health in this way, the study hopes to have illustrated what people do in times of illness and why. Yet it also claims to have gone beyond such a depiction. By abstracting from its findings, it aims to conclude that the search for health is not merely caused by various local and wider processes, to which it has referred. In other words, it hopes to avoid a deterministic view of patients' experiences in times of distress. Instead, it is argued that the search for health is ultimately an integral part of the local and wider economic and political environment
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Viedge, Bronwen Elizabeth. "A history of land tenure in the Herschel district, Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003808.
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A historical review of land tenure systems implemented in the Herschel district, Eastern Cape, South Africa and an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of each system in conjunction with international experience of land tenure provide guidelines as to what elements could be incorporated in the formulation of a new integrated land tenure system. These guidelines together with the information obtained from a questionnaire survey amongst the Herschel population provide the government of South Africa with a broad outline of an integrated land tenure system that could serve to link the former homelands to the land tenure system that currently operates in the rest of the country thereby removing one of the obstacles to rural development and land redistribution.
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Dewes, Andreas. "Demonstrating Quantum Speed-Up with a Two-Transmon Quantum Processor." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00857654.
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The thesis work discusses the design, realization, characterization and operation of a two-qubit processor implemented using capacitively coupled tunable superconducting qubits of the Transmon type. Each qubit can be manipulated and read out individually using a non-destructive single-shot readout. In addition, a universal-two qubit gate can be implemented using the interaction between the qubits. The processor implements therefore all basic building blocks of a universal two-qubit quantum processor. Using it, we implement the universal square root of iSWAP two-qubit gate, characterizing the gate operation by quantum process tomography and obtaining a gate fidelity of 90 %. We use this gate to create entangled two-qubit Bell states and perform a test of the CHSH Bell inequality, observing a violation of the classical boundary by 22 standard eviations after correcting for readout errors. Using the implemented two-qubit gate, we run the so-called Grover search algorithm: For two-qubits, this algorithm finds among four elements {00, 01, 10, 11} the one element y that solves a search problem encoded by a function f for which f(y) = 1 and f(x != y) = 0. Our implementation retrieves the correct answer to the search problem after a single evaluation of the search function f(x), with a success probability between 52 % and 67 %, therefore outperforming classical algorithms that are bound to a success probability of 25 %. This constitutes therefore a proof-of-concept of the quantum speed-up for superconducting quantum processors. Finally, we propose a scalable architecture for a superconducting quantum processor that can potentially overcome the scalability issues faced by today's superconducting qubit architectures.
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Monteiro, Silvia Maria Diniz. "Algoritomos transgen?ticos aplicados ao problema da ?rvore geradora biobjetivo." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18019.
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The Multiobjective Spanning Tree is a NP-hard Combinatorial Optimization problem whose application arises in several areas, especially networks design. In this work, we propose a solution to the biobjective version of the problem through a Transgenetic Algorithm named ATIS-NP. The Computational Transgenetic is a metaheuristic technique from Evolutionary Computation whose inspiration relies in the conception of cooperation (and not competition) as the factor of main influence to evolution. The algorithm outlined is the evolution of a work that has already yielded two other transgenetic algorithms. In this sense, the algorithms previously developed are also presented. This research also comprises an experimental analysis with the aim of obtaining information related to the performance of ATIS-NP when compared to other approaches. Thus, ATIS-NP is compared to the algorithms previously implemented and to other transgenetic already presented for the problem under consideration. The computational experiments also address the comparison to two recent approaches from literature that present good results, a GRASP and a genetic algorithms. The efficiency of the method described is evaluated with basis in metrics of solution quality and computational time spent. Considering the problem is within the context of Multiobjective Optimization, quality indicators are adopted to infer the criteria of solution quality. Statistical tests evaluate the significance of results obtained from computational experiments
A ?rvore Geradora Multiobjetivo ? um problema de Otimiza??o Combinat?ria NP-?rduo. Esse problema possui aplica??o em diversas ?reas, em especial, no projeto de redes. Nesse trabalho, prop?e-se uma solu??o para o problema em sua vers?o biobjetivo por meio de um Algoritmo Transgen?tico, denominado ATIS-NP. A Transgen?tica Computacional ? uma t?cnica metaheur?stica da Computa??o Evolucion?ria cuja inspira??o est? na coopera??o (e n?o na competi??o) como fator de maior influ?ncia para a evolu??o. O algoritmo proposto ? a evolu??o de um trabalho que j? originou dois outros algoritmos transgen?ticos. Nesse sentido, os algoritmos previamente desenvolvidos tamb?m s?o apresentados. Essa pesquisa compreende ainda uma an?lise experimental que visa obter informa??es quanto ao desempenho do ATIS-NP quando comparado a outros algoritmos. Para tanto, o ATIS-NP ? comparado aos dois algoritmos anteriormente implementados, bem como a outro transgen?tico proposto na literatura para o problema tratado. Os experimentos computacionais abrangem ainda a compara??o do algoritmo desenvolvido a duas abordagens recentes da literatura que obt?m excelentes resultados, um GRASP e um gen?tico. A efici?ncia do m?todo apresentado ? avaliada com base em medidas de qualidade de solu??o e tempo computacional despendido. Uma vez que o problema se insere no contexto da Otimiza??o Multiobjetivo, indicadores de qualidade s?o utilizados para inferir o crit?rio de qualidade de solu??es obtidas. Testes estat?sticos avaliam a signific?ncia dos resultados obtidos nos experimentos computacionais
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Deliwe, Dumisani. "Responses to Western education among the conservative people of Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002662.
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This thesis is concerned with the impact of Western education on the social life of the members of a Transkeian village. Various authors in the locally relevant literature, have for a long time commented that, due to Western education and Christianity, African societies became divided into 'school'people, who readily accepted Western education and culture, and 'red' people, who initially resisted these. Whilst the terms 'red' and 'school' became used as analytical constructs for the differing responses to Western culture, they were also used by African people. My findings at Qhude, Transkei, confirmed such a social division. I argue that this social division does not present an absolute distinction, but may best be conceived in terms of a continuum. Whilst the thesis considers interaction between the 'school' and the 'red' people of Qhude in various fields of life such as politics, law, religion (see Chapter Two) and education (see Chapter Six), the main emphasis is on the 'red' people. Thus, the thesis concerns itself, to a large degree, with an analysis of the 'red' people's experience and interpretation of Western education and Western educated people. The main argument is that the 'red' people's perception of Western education and Western educated people is ambiguous. That is, they see them in both positive and negative terms (see Chapter Five). This ambiguity is looked at here as a manifestation of the difficulties encountered by the 'red' people in adjusting to an institution (i.e Western education)that was initially foreign, and to which they were initially opposed. The perception of Western education as positive follows from the fact that it is seen as leading to economic empowerement by the 'red' people of Qhude, who are facing poverty, due to an economic decline (see Chapter Three). However, the economic contribution of the young (who are the ones receiving western education) and the knowledge they gather from school, threaten the authority of elders, as the young become increasingly independent from the elders. As a result of such independence, and other factors, Western education is seen in negative terms by the 'red' people. Such potential dangers of Western education are well recognised by the 'reds' of Qhude, and are dealt with culturally. That is, it is made clear to the young, in particular during occasions such as circumcision rituals, that education has to be made relevant to the building of the homestead, which is under the overlordship of parents whom the young are called upon to respect (see Chapter Six). In conclusion, it is argued that the use of culture in this way, shows how 'tradition' is employed to deal with crisis. Such use of culture necessitates a clarification of the opinion that uneducated Africans rejected Western education (see Chapter Seven).
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Kade, Tristen V. "Passing With Care: When and How Transmen Disclose Their Gender Identity." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2165.
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This paper examines the conditions under which self-identified trans* men disclose of their transgender identity or past gender history. Drawing upon theories of identity formation, passing and disclosing of stigmatic identities is used to understand when and how disclosure processes happen for trans*men. Drawing on interviews I examine the circumstances surrounding when disclosure or pressure to disclose becomes salient for individuals. I also consider how individuals use and negotiate systems of gender, along other inequalities such as class, race, education, and health care access.
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Chalk, Jeremy. "A molecular genetic investigation of rhabdomyosarcoma." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57658/.
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Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is characterised by a t(2;13)(q35;qI4) chromosome translocation, which leads to the fusion of the P AX3 artd the FKHR genes. The resulting fusion gene encodes a chimeric protein which has aberrant transcriptional activity. The data here describes the molecular definition of the genomic breakpoints on both derivative chromosomes in one case and the derivative chromosome 13 breakpoints in two other cases. The DNA sequences adjacent to the breakpoints on the derivative chromosome 13 are remarkable for their resemblartce to recognition sequences for the protein trartslin. Electrophoretic mobility shift studies (EMSA) confirm that these sequences bind translin. These findings suggest that translin may not only be important in the genesis of chromosomal trartslocations in lymphoid malignancy, but also in translocations found in solid tumours. Mutation analysis of tumour samples and cell lines from patients with embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma suggests that there are no subtle disease associated mutations within the P AX3 gene that could contribute towards the neoplastic state.
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Schubert, Daniel. "Transgen-Silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana und Nicotiana tabacum Ursachen und Mechanismen /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965169545.
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Andersson, Gustav. "Circuit quantum electrodynamics with a transmon qubit in a 3D cavity." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168010.
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Ngquba, Tokozile. "Transkei College of Education students' perceptions of fieldwork in geographical education." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003691.
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The understanding of geographical concepts and the development of skills requires the use of appropriate teaching strategies. Modern school geography incorporates a wealth of techniques and embraces a wide range of strategies which are directly suited to achieve the aims which are central to current geographical education. Techniques which directly involve the learner are perceived to be the most valuable. Of the many participatory strategies suited to the teaching of geography, fieldwork is accepted as the most worthwhile. This study investigates student teachers' perceptions of fieldwork in their college studies and as a teaching strategy. Extensive literature on fieldwork in geographical education was analysed. A survey was conducted to assess the student teachers' fieldwork experiences. The results reveal that fieldwork is neglected in Transkeian schools and Colleges of Education, despite the fact that it is required by school syllabuses, and the fact that in many areas suitable sites are readily accessible. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations made for the inclusion of fieldwork in geography courses at Transkei Colleges of Education.
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Meel, Banwari Lal. "Knowledge, attitudes & practices towards HIV/AIDS among former mineworkers of Transkei." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50389.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mineworkers in South Africa are in abundance as mining is the main occupation especially in the former black homeland. These mineworkers retrenched or retire, and returned to their homeland. Transkei is a former black homeland where abundant retired mineworkers reside to their destiny. Migrancy, which for century has been such a conspicuous feature of the South African labour system, and thought to be a significant contributor to the spread of HIV/AIDS (Lurie M, 2000). The migrant labour system in Transkei region was attributed very extensively to contagious disease especially related with sexually transmitted diseases (STI) like HIV/AIDS. It is estimated that 2 million of the 5 million black mineworkers in South Africa at the time were migrant labourers. Majority of them are from the Transkei region. The ex-mineworkers in this study group are between 41 and 78 years of age (mean 55 years). They have serviced in the mines from 5 to 48 years (mean 20 years). All are married, and having children between 1 and 10 ((mean 6). Fifty seven percent ex-mineworkers did not answer about their number of sexpartners. Only 43% mentioned that they have one partner. Only 31% mineworkers were consuming alcohol. Of them 9% were consuming everyday, and 18% twice in a week. In this study, HIV/AIDS related knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of exmineworkers, living in the remote rural areas of Transkei region of Eastern Cape, were elicited by sending questionnaires to them. Only 19.9% have replied back. There is absolute lack of knowledge in 13.6%, and negative attitude in 27% of the ex-mineworkers. Risks of unsafe sex have been observed among 69%. Of them, 48% have mentioned that they have trust in their wives. Urinary tract symptoms were indicated by 18%, and HIV positivity was reported by 4.5% of mineworkers. There is suicidal tendency (life is not worth living) was found in 22.7% of ex-mineworkers, and a majority (16%) mentioned that it is related with their sickness. Majority of ex-mineworkers have good knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and positive attitude for the survivals. They have also been practicing sex without condoms, but they have provided reasoning to be a faithful to their partners. There is a high level of awareness and a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS individuals. It was observed that there is less risk taking sexual behaviour among exmineworkers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Groot gedeelte van Suid-Afrikaanse mynwerkers is uit die Transkei gebied afkomstig. Daar word konserwatief beraam dat tussen twee en vyf miljoen mynwerkers jaarliks tussen hulle werkplek en die myne migreer en dat hierdie migrasie ingrypende inplikasies vir die verspreiding van die MI-virus het. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die kennis, houding en gedrag van mynwerkers ten opsigte van MIV/Vigs by 'n steekproef van 198 voormalige mynwerkers in die Transkei te toets. Die inligting is deur middel van 'n vraelys en onderhoude gedoen en daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die kennis van Vigs en die voorkoming daarvan besonder goed is by hierdie steekproef. Die implikasies van die bevindinge van die studie word uitgespel en voorstelle vir verdere studies word aan die hand gedoen.
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Kabandula, Abigail. "Women of St. Marks, Transkei : negotiating customary law, c.1940 - c.1960." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8969.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-73).This thesis explores the ways in which customary law affected the women of the St. Marks district, Transkei between 1940 and 1960. In particular, it examines how women worked within and through customary law and the customary law courts in order to obtain redress for their problems. The thesis discusses the argument that the codification of customary law was the result of collaboration between older African men and colonial administrators and that its effect was to increase and render more rigid the patriarchal control of women. It argues that literature on women and customary law shows that after African customs were codified, their form and content changed in accordance with British administrators' legal and administrative needs. Women's legal and social status was negatively affected. The codified law emphasised the patriarchal aspects of the African custom and reduced women's social status in society. However, the thesis concludes that the question of how far customary law oppressed women has not yet been resolved. Using Customary Law Court Cases and records from the Chiefs Courts, the Native Commissioner Courts and the Native Appeal Courts of St. Marks District in Cofimvaba in Transkei from the late 1930s to the early 1960s, this thesis explores how women viewed themselves in relation to the law and also to the way it was applied by officials in the courts. It also explores and how women negotiated customary law in a bid to deal with the changes in the lives brought about by Christianity, capitalism and migrant labour. Missionary teachings, colonial rule, capitalism and migrant labour were significant social and economic factors that greatly affected the lives of the women of St. Marks. In court, educated women married by Christian rites were able to manipulate and challenge patriarchal values and frustrate men's attempts to prevent their access to property and inheritance or their efforts to demean women in various ways. The thesis shows that African women were not merely victims of customary law. Rather, they found ways of negotiating their agency within the confines of the customary law courts.
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Sawula, Innocent Theo Didekile. "The development of social welfare services in the Transkei from 1963-1983." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22579.
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Bibliography: pages 277-302.The study is a historical analysis of the development of social welfare services in the Transkei from 1968- 1983. The background idea to this study is that over the 20-year period, casual observations reveal that much has been done by way of social work service delivery but very little has been done to scientifically document the developments. The need for scientific investigation and documentation was therefore indicated. The first task was the basic definition and exposition of social welfare and related concepts like social work social policy and social administration. Theories examined included those of some Western writers especially British and American. The understanding of social welfare in the Transkei has been outlined and compared with the current western and Third World approaches. Progressive stages in the development of social welfare services from private bodies to the establishment of a state department of Social Welfare and Pensions have been reviewed. The traditional humanitarian and religious influences in the development of social welfare in the Transkei have been examined and the resultant current trends briefly outlined. Various agencies including state departments, corporations, welfare organisations and other social institutions have been focused in this regard. The training of social workers both in the Transkei, the rest of the Southern African region and overseas as an influential factor in the development of social welfare in the Transkei has been examined. In the summary, a brief review of the study has been given. The need for more intensive study emerged. Major recommendations included the following: 1. Structural : with a view to having the Transkei government not only maintain the existence of the Department of Social Welfare, but to transfer all the relevant functions like counselling and rural development to the relevant department. 2. Academic which includes a review of the academic requirements for grassroots social work practice and university staffing in such a manner that the practitioners and trainers are neither above nor below the standard requirements as recommended in the study. 3. General which include consideration of a pension scheme for labourers and deferred pay for the benefit of families left in the country by migrant labourers.
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Flatela, Andile Thaddeus L. L. "History resource materials in Transkei senior secondary schools : their availability and use." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003438.
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This dissertation, which was motivated by high failure rate in senior secondary history, is primarily an attempt at identifying some of the possible causes for poor performance in high school history in Transkei schools. One possible cause of the weak performance was identified as outmoded teaching methods which were encouraged by lack of adequate facilities and resources for history teaching and learning. The investigation took the form of a survey of both human and material resources in 30 of the then 210 senior secondary schools in Transkei. The survey questionnaire, which was directed to history teachers, covered aspects on personal information about the teachers, material resources and facilities for teaching history, and teaching methods related to history teaching. A total of 55 teachers responded to the questionnaire. The survey included all the three senior secondary school class levels, that is standard 8, 9 and 10. By looking at the nature of history as a discipline and the way in which students learn, it was discovered that at school level history could be learnt best through the 'experiential' approach. This is mainly because in dealing with time-past as it has to, history usually comes up with 'strange' concepts which cannot be easily grasped by present-day senior secondary teenagers. This is because understanding of historical concepts tends to develop slower than would generally be expected, unless it is re-enforced. In Transkei schools this problem of concepts understanding is made worse by the foreign language medium (English) in which the subject is taught. It is felt that these constraints could be partly aleviated with the use of audio-visual aids and self-activity teaching methods. However, this study revealed a gross inadequacy not only in facilities for teaching history but also of both human and material resources. This automatically discourages the 'new history' approach and teachers (most of whom are underqualified) tend to cling to the old-style lecture-textbook method to the detriment of their students. This study suggests that to improve this situation it is essential to upgrade both pre-service and in-service teachers' academic and professional standards. In addition history facilities and audio-visual materials should be generously supplied to afford ample opportunities for pupil activity. This then would be line with modern history teaching theories and, hopefully, would improve performance in history in this region.
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Rambalee, Veneesha. "Effects of 2-methoxyestradiol, an endogenous estrogen metabolite, on SNO and WHCO3 oesophageal cancer cell growth." Diss., Access to E-Thesis, 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09272005-143729/.
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Srichairatanakool, Somdet. "Determinants of removal and reappearance in plasma non-transn." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393073.
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Jesus, Ricardo Marx Costa Soares de. "Otimiza??o em braquiterapia de alta taxa de dose com algoritmo transgen?tico." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18074.
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Previous issue date: 2006-02-20Este trabalho aborda o problema de otimiza??o em braquiterapia de alta taxa de dose no tratamento de pacientes com c?ncer, com vistas ? defini??o do conjunto de tempos de parada. A t?cnica de solu??o adotada foi a Transgen?tica Computacional apoiada pelo m?todo L-BFGS. O algoritmo desenvolvido foi empregado para gerar solu??es n?o denominadas cujas distribui??es de dose fossem capazes de eiminar o c?ncer e ao mesmo tempo preservar as regi?es normais
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Ntonzima, Lulamile. "Tourism as a catalyst for local economic development in the Transkei Wild Coast." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1689.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Doctor Technologiae
in the Faculty of Business and Management Sciences at the
Cape Peninsula University of TechnologyThe study investigated tourism as a catalyst to local economic development of the Transkei Wild Coast. The Transkei Wild Coast is an area which stretches from the Kei River mouth south of East London, to Durban South Coast, with seven local municipalities located in the area. These local municipalities are Mquma, Mbhashe, King Sabata Dalindyebo, Nyandeni, Port St Johns, Ngquza Hill and Mbizana. Infrastructure and partnership models were identified as key to the development and growth of the tourism industry in the Transkei Wild Coast. It was found that the status of infrastructure and partnerships is lacking and delivers little or no economic benefits and advances in the Transkei Wild Coast. Factors contributing to the poor performance of tourism-led local economic development by the local municipalities in the Transkei Wild Coast include poor roads, poor communication, lack of infrastructure, erratic electricity supply, and poor quality of water supply. Partnerships both at strategic and implementation levels lack commitment, role clarification and acceptable beneficiation metrics to all involved stakeholders. Infrastructure and partnerships are explained as basic and key necessities in developing a successful tourism industry in the Transkei Wild Coast. The study argues that local municipalities need support to grow the tourism industry to become a key contributor to the local economic development strategy. The Transkei Wild Coast has a wealth of natural resources, culture and history to offer tourists to this area. Local economic viability of the Transkei Wild Coast will improve, which inevitably will lead to an improved standard of living of the host communities. Growth of the tourism industry will lead to growth and development of related industries/businesses. The findings revealed that the majority of Transkei Wild Coast inhabitants support investment in the tourism industry. Prioritisation of tourism as a catalyst to local economic development in the Transkei Wild Coast will unlock other potential economic sectors in the area. For this to succeed, it is imperative that capital infrastructure is improved and credible and beneficial partnerships are created and maintained. Recommendations are proposed to fulfil the State-led mandate for socioeconomic development and advancement at local municipal level in South Africa generally and the Transkei Wild Coast in particular.
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Grobbelaar, Johannes P. "Hut lung : a study of domestically acquired pneumoconiosis in rural women." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25684.
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Pneumoconiosis in rural Transkeian women termed "Transkei Silicosis" has been thought to be caused by silica inhaled while grinding maize by traditional methods (Palmer and Daynes, 1967). This study was undertaken to investigate the features and causes of hut lung. The range of clinical, radiologic, histologic, pulmonary physiologic and broncho-alveolar lavage features in patients meeting the following criteria was assessed: i) rural women practising traditional cooking methods ii) with a diffuse nodularity on chest x-ray iii) and lung biopsy evidence of pneumoconiosis iv) and without occupational exposure v) or evidence of active tuberculosis. Smoke and dust levels were measured in rural dwellings during cooking and maize grinding and ground maize and grinding rocks were analysed. 25 patients were studied. 17 were non-smokers, 5 were pipe smokers and 3 smoked 10 or less cigarettes per day. 7 had evidence of previous tuberculosis. The radiological findings ranged from a diffuse fine miliary pattern through coarse nodules with coalescence, to extensive fibrosis resembling PMF. The histologic features revealed simple "anthracosis" in 12, anthracosis with macules in 6 and mixed dust fibrosis in 7, of which 2 had silicotic nodules and 1 PMF. No such findings were observed in the control lung biopsy specimens obtained at post-mortem from city dwelling Xhosa females. Mild to moderate airflow limitation (defined as an FEV1/FVC ratio of < 65% and/or RV> 145% of predicted) was present in 73% while a reduced T'LCO (< 80% predicted) was found in 76% of the patients. Cell numbers and differential counts in BAL fluid were normal but> 80% of the macrophages were heavily laden with inorganic inclusions. The mean smoke level during indoor open fire cooking was 30mg/m³. Respirable dust and quartz concentrations ranging from 3,03 to 5, 82mg/m³ and 0,097 to 0,186mg/m³ respectively were found during hand grinding with sandstone (100% quartz), but were lower (ranging from 2,62 to 3,40mg/m³ and 0,024mg/m³ respectively) when non-quartz containing dolerite was used. Calculated cumulative equivalent time-weighted average respirable dust concentrations were shown to be similar to those found in an average South African gold mine while calculated equivalent respirable quartz concentrations were well below those found in the worst exposed gold miners and well within the recommended threshold limit values of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the World Health Organisation (WHO). Respirable quartz exposure alone was not sufficient to explain the changes found. Respirable non-quartz containing nuisance dust and intense smoke exposure were shown to be significant. It was concluded that: i) hut lung can be defined as a domestic pneumoconiosis that occurs in rural women who practise primitive cooking methods ii) hut lung typically occurs in rural maize grinding Transkeian women but can occur in other rural women iii) there is a wide clinical, spectrum radiological and histologic iv) the pulmonary physiological changes are predominantly those of airflow limitation with some CO transfer factor reduction v) cigarette and pipe smoking do not contribute to the aetiology or pulmonary physiological abnormalities vi) the bronchoalveolar lavage features may help differentiate this condition from miliary tuberculosis vi) the aetiology of hut lung is multifactorial with exposure to respirable quartz and non-quartz containing dust together with smoke particles from biomass fuelled fires all playing a significant role while previous tuberculosis may be a contributing factor.
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Bilmes, Alexander [Verfasser], and Ustinov A. [Akademischer Betreuer] V. "Resolving locations of defects in superconducting transmon qubits / Alexander Bilmes ; Betreuer: A. V. Ustinov." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200547977/34.
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Alzahrani, Othman. "Characterisation of novel genome regulation functions of the cancer-associated proteins Translin and TRAX." Thesis, Bangor University, 2018. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/characterisation-of-novel-genome-regulation-functions-of-the-cancerassociated-proteins-translin-and-trax(761f7ba4-0e49-4ac7-b3b5-67944a9a3692).html.
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Translin and TRAX are a highly conserved pair of proteins that have a close functional relationship with one another. Originally, these nucleic acid binding proteins were implicated in chromosomal translocation in human leukaemia cells, but subsequently, they have been shown to function in a wide range of biological processes, including RNA interference passenger strand removal, tRNA precursor processing, and neuronal mRNA transport and, more recently, in the degradation of microRNA in oncogenesis. This led to the proposal that they could be druggable targets for a large number of cancers. Moreover, it has previously been proposed that they function at telomeres, although no direct evidence has been provided to support this. Previous analysis on Schizosaccharomyces pombe orthologues of Translin and TRAX, Tsn1 and Tfx1, have shown no notable functional role (Saccharomyces cerevisiae has no tsn1/tfx1 orthologue). Given the link to RNAi regulation in higher eukaryotic organisms, a series of double mutants of tsn1 and tfx1 and RNAi regulatory genes, ago1 and dcr1, were generated to investigate whether Tsn1 and Tfx1 have a redundant role with the RNAi regulators. Different approaches were used to demonstrate that loss of Tfx1, but not Tsn1, can partially suppress the chromosomal instability caused by loss of Ago1, without restoring centromere heterochromatin formation. We extend this to reveal that deletion of four sub-telomeric tlh genes also suppress the need for Ago1, as does the mutation of taz1—a factor that is required for telomere length control, although the mechanisms appear to be different. Extended analysis of Tfx1-and Tsn1-defective cells identify differential roles for these proteins in regulating the levels of distinct transcripts associated with the telomeres and sub-telomeres. These findings not only reveal two novel regulators of telomere dynamics, but also propose that modulating the transcriptional status at sub-telomeres partially suppresses the chromosome segregation defects conferred by loss of Ago1. This reveals a counterbalance between centromeres and telomeres in maintaining chromosome stability. Further analysis of Tsn1 and Tfx1 function led to the revelation of a novel and fundamentally important role for Tsn1 in the DNA damage recovery response in the absence of Dcr1, a function that may be linked to its original proposed role in generating chromosomal translocation. Our data not only separates the functions of Tsn1 and Tfx1 in S. pombe, but also reveals important functional roles for these paralogues in chromosome stability maintenance.
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Spiegel, Andrew David. "Changing continuities : experiencing and interpreting history, population movement and material differentiation in Matatiele, Transkei." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21806.
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Bibliography : pages 314-348.Cultural continuities through time and space have long concerned anthropologists. Recent work has increasingly concentrated on understanding these as social structural responses to both broad and local political-economic structures and processes. The aim of this thesis is to build on that approach. I argue that while some persistences of social form are best explained in functionalist and instrumentalist terms, to explain others one needs to look to the momentum of common practices that do not change without good cause. I thus attempt to wed a materialist analysis of political-economic determinants with one focused on social practice. I do this first by the application of a political-economic analysis and then by examining social practices for their apparent continuities of form and analysing why these occur. The approach taken thus reveals the influence of a paradigm shift in contemporary anthropology. The thesis focuses on the Matatiele District in South Africa's Transkei bantustan. The evidence I present was obtained primarily from ethnographic field-research conducted between 1982 and 1985 and concentrated in two settlements there. This is augmented by material both from further fieldwork undertaken elsewhere in the district, and from various documentary and archival sources. A primary concern is the nature of material and social differentation in the district and its relationship to both large- and small-scale population movement there since the mid-nineteenth century. By examining these through the prism of a political-economic approach, I indicate the extent to which they are functions of broad regional processes, including the development of capitalism in southern Africa. I thus show that local-level material differentiation is the product of population movements, themselves traceable to both capital's demand for labour and state interventions in rural land-use practices. In addition I show that local circumstance modifies the impact of these broader processes at the local level: there is great variety in the ways in which regional political-economic processes impact locally. Another primary concern is the appearance of cultural continuity in observed social behavioural forms, and people's claims that their present practices represent such continuities. A number of examples are identified. I examine these in order to establish the extent to which they are the functions of political-economic structures, the products of instrumental manipulation for local political purposes, or just the outcome of people pragmatically going on in ways with which they are familiar. While I acknowledge the merit of the first two types of explanation, I argue that there are many instances when the primary reason that people behave as they do is that they have no reason not to, and that their actions reflect a practical consciousness (or knowledgeability) that has its roots in experience. I conclude the thesis by discussing some of the methodological implications of a greater focus on practice and practical consciousness in southern African anthropology. I suggest that there is need for reinvestment in the method of intensive participant-observation, refined to accommodate concerns with the commonplace activities of everyday life in particular. This approach, I argue, is necessary in order to represent the diversity of cultural practice to be found in the region, but without recourse to structuralist analyses that have tended to reinforce notions of a mosaic of cultures in the region and given strength to pluralist perceptions of the region's population.
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Dreyer, Nicolaas Burger. "Within- and between-beach variation in intertidal macrofaunal communities inhabiting two Transkei sandy beaches." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1070.
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Until recently most sandy beach studies have made use of snapshot samples but the validity of this approach has been widely questioned. In this study we attempt to resolve this issue by repeatedly sampling two beaches using a stratified random design. Three sampling sessions took place, each approximately six months apart. The three sites on the first beach were selected according to the type of beach (reflective, intermediate and dissipative) with each morphological type duplicated on the second beach. Many of the physical variables measured had significant differences between the sampling sessions but only a few were significantly different between the Sites. Very few of the individual physical variables had significant relationships with the sandy beach macrofaunal abundance and density. However, composite indices had a greater number of significant relationships with the macrofaunal abundance and density. Also very few significant relationships were seen between the species richness and the physical variables of the beaches studied. Effluent line crossing frequency was the only physical variable that could predict species richness but it was considered a weak predictor. Changes in the zonation patterns within and between beaches were also investigated. The highest concentration of taxa and individuals was found near the low-water mark with a gradual reduction of both towards the high-water mark. Some of the sandy beach community variables (abundance, density and species richness) showed significant difference between the sampling sessions but no significant differences were seen between the two beaches. The presence of three zones was noted using MDS plots and Cluster diagrams. However, using a SIMPER analyses, four zones with the possibility of a fifth was noted.
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Ndlwana, Monica. "A critical analysis of problems encountered by senior secondary school pupils in the reading and interpretation of 1:50,000 topographical maps and aerial photographs with special reference to black pupils in Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003351.
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Mapwork is an established part of the geography curriculum, and yet it poses particular problems for pupils and teachers. Maps participate in a complex system of graphic communication: the conceptual abstraction involved in the reading and interpretation of maps requires on the part of pupils a high degree of cognitive and perceptual development; teachers, too, often experience considerable difficulty in imparting the skills necessary for graphic literacy (graphicacy). The peculiar difficulties associated with map reading and the poor performance of pupils in this area have regrettably encouraged an attitude which dismisses mapwork as irrelevant or dispensable in geographical education. Yet graphicacy is essential not only in the learning of geography but in the overall cognitive development of the child, and therefore cannot be excluded from the curriculum. This study attempts to identify some of the specific difficulties experienced by pupils in their attempts to read and interpret maps, and to trace the origin of these difficulties. It argues that the complexity and sophistication of the skills necessary to interpret topographical maps and aerial photographs, for instance, should not be underestimated. Teachers need to be made aware of how pupils acquire map reading skills and of the problems they encounter during this process, so that teaching programmes commensurate with pupils' level of cognitive development can be formulated. It is also important that mapwork be taught in as practical a manner as possible. The findings and recommendations of this study have implications for geography teachers, textbook writers and educational authorities, especially those involved in curriculum and syllabus design.
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Matoti, Sheila Nokuthula. "An investigation into some learning and teaching problems of biology in Transkei senior secondary schools." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001415.
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The aim of this study was to investigate some learning and teaching problems of biology in Transkei Senior Secondary schools. The research focussed mainly on Biochemistry. Biochemistry was treated in the context of biology as a whole to show its relevance to other sections of the syllabus. Questionnaires were administered to standard 10 pupils in 15 senior secondary schools selected randomly from the Central Region of Transkei. Further information on pupils' understanding of concepts taught in Biochemistry , was gained through use of concept tests and concept maps. Interviews were conducted with standard 9 and 10 biology teachers, Subject committee members, Examiners, Subject advisers, Lecturers from the University of Transkei and the Transkei Teachers' In-service College and pupils. Data obtained through the use of those research methods was analysed and discussed. Concept mapping as a teaching strategy was introduced to some standard 9 and 10 teachers who attended courses (biology) at The Transkei Teachers ' In-service College. Some suggestions and recommendations for the learning and teaching of biology were then made
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Vinjwa, Nobuzwe. "A critical investigation of selected Cape and Transkei environment study programmes in junior primary schools." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003363.
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The introduction of Environment Study (ES) into the Junior Primary (JP) phase of the school was to facilitate the young learners' development of a sense of place, time and social identity. ES is important in the JP phase because it introduces pupils to the world around them and the environmental issues that affect their lives. ES in the JP phase can also provide pupils with the basic knowledge for survival in a changing world. ES in the JP phase is primarily designed to aid the pupils' development of a sense of identity. As with geography, it is concerned with space, place and time; and these are the criteria that should be taken into consideration in developing the child's sense of identity. Implementation of ES is largely influenced by the expertise and experience of the teachers, which will, in turn, influence their interpretation of the ES syllabus. The goals of ES require teachers to be able to use a variety of teaching strategies and to develop and use a variety of teaching resources. This study investigates existing ES programmes in a number of selected schools in the Cape, DET and Transkei in order to establish the extent to which pupils' developing sense of time, place and social identity are taken into consideration. Observations and interviews were conducted to assess the current ES syllabi for the Cape, DET and Transkei schools in relation to Catling's (1987) criteria; and to evaluate existing ES programmes in the six selected schools in the Grahamstown, Umtata and Mqanduli districts to ascertain the extent to which they met Catling's criteria. The results reveal that in all the Education Departments' syllabi, pupils' needs to developing a sense of time, place and social identity, as suggested by Catling's (1987) criteria, were considered only to a limited extent. Even in the syllabi where these were developed, it was by mere coincidence. Secondly, the programmes in the different schools observed did not meet Catling's criteria sufficiently, because the teachers were ignorant of Catling's criteria. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations made for teachers' awareness of Catling's criteria to be promoted, so that teachers can apply these in their teaching of ES; and for both Cape and Transkei ES programmes in the JP phase to be revised.
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Rojas, Expósito Juan José. "Desenvolupament d'un adenovirus oncolític potent i selectiu com a base per a la incorporació de transgens que ajudin a l'eradicació dels tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3636.
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Els adenovirus oncolítics són uns nous agents antitumorals molt prometedors gràcies a la seva capacitat d'autoamplificar-se selectivament a la massa tumoral. Els assajos clínics realitzats fins a la data amb una primera generació d'aquests agents han indicat la necessitat d'una millora substancial de la capacitat antitumoral, sense descuidar però els possibles efectes adversos de la replicació als teixits normals. Una de les limitacions més importants d'aquesta teràpia és la incapacitat del virus per travessar les barreres estructurals que imposen les cèl·lules de l'estroma i la matriu extracel·lular del tumor. L'expressió de transgens que destrueixin aquestes barreres és una estratègia que s'ha mostrat molt prometedora per superar aquesta limitació i augmentar així l'activitat antitumoral. Per aconseguir aquest propòsit, cal optimitzar la maquinària d'expressió i el genoma de l'adenovirus oncolític on els transgens seran inserits per compatibilitzar l'expressió del transgen amb el cicle viral de l'adenovirus, i mantenir la mida del genoma dintre del límit que imposa la capacitat d'encapsidació dels adenovirus. En aquest treball, s'explora l'ús de caixes palindròmiques d'unió del factor de transcripció E2F per augmentar la selectivitat i la potència d'adenovirus oncolítics. En un primer virus construït, aquestes caixes van aconseguir augmentar significativament l'activitat antitumoral, tant in vitro com in vivo, però la combinació d'elements genètics presents en aquest virus augmentava molt la mida del genoma i no va permetre la introducció d'un transgen per superar les barreres presents als tumors. En un segon virus, l'optimització dels elements genètics va permetre aconseguir un virus que, gràcies a les caixes d'unió d'E2F, presentava un baix perfil de toxicitat i una gran potència antitumoral, fins i tot superior a la dels adenovirus salvatges. A més, la mida tan reduïda del seu genoma permet una expressió eficient i potent de transgens. Addicionalment, en aquest treball també s'analitzen els possibles beneficis de selectivitat i potència que poden tenir dos modificacions genètiques, la mutació T1 i la fibra RGDK, descrites amb anterioritat pel nostre grup. Tot plegat, aquest treball analitza la millor combinació possible d'elements genètics per aconseguir una bona base que permeti la construcció d'un futur adenovirus potent, selectiu i amb capacitat per destruir les barreres estromals dels tumors, superant així les limitacions més importants de la teràpia adenoviral del càncer i presentant-se com un ferm candidat a ser testat en futurs assajos clínics.Conditionally Replicating Adenoviruses (CRADs) are novel antitumor agents due to their ability to self-amplify at the tumour site. Clinical trials performed with a first generation of these agents pointed out a critical need of improved antitumor activity, without overlooking concerning adverse effects of replication in normal tissues. However, one of the main limitations of this therapy is the inability of CRADs to overcome the barriers imposed by tumour stroma, including stromal cells and extracellular matrix. Transgene expression is valuable strategy to counteract these limitations and to enhance antitumor activity. For this purpose, the genetic backbone in which the transgene is inserted should be optimized to render transgene expression compatible with the adenovirus replication cycle and to keep genome size within the encapsidation size limit. In this work, we explore the use of palindromic E2F-binding sites to enhance the selectivity and the potency of CRADs. In a first virus, the insertion of these sites in an E2F-1 promoter controlling the expression of the E1A protein resulted in a significant increment in the oncolytic activity, both in vitro and in vivo. However, the unique combination of genetic elements present in this virus hindered the incorporation of transgenes to overcome stromal barriers. In a second virus, the insertion of E2F-binding sites into the endogenous E1A promoter allowed to solve this limitation. The insertion of these sites results in a low systemic toxicity profile in mice. Importantly, the E2F-binding sites also increased the cytotoxicity and the systemic antitumor activity relative to wild-type adenovirus in all cancer models tested. Furthermore, the constrained genome size of this backbone allows an efficient and potent expression of transgenes. In addition to this, in this work we also test the benefits in selectivity and potency of two previous mutations reported by our group, the T1 mutation and the RGDK fibre. All together, this thesis analyzes the best possible combination of genetic elements to achieve an adenoviral backbone that permits the design of a future CRAD, potent, selective and capable of destroy tumour stromal barriers, overcoming the main limitations of cancer virotherapy and constructing a firm candidate to be tested in future clinical trials.
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Qokweni, Patiswa. "An investigation into some of the problems affecting the teaching and learning of biochemistry in Transkei Colleges of Education." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001416.
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The study investigated some of the problems experienced in the teaching and learning of biochemistry - a section in the Senior Certificate biology syllabus - in the Transkei Colleges of Education. Biochemistry is often labelled a difficult area, therefore, the study was an attempt to identify the problems encountered by biology teachers and lecturers in teaching biochemistry and by student-teachers in learning it. Questionnaires were admlninistered to final-year biology major student-teachers in the colleges, and to the biology teachers and college lecturers. Examiners and subject advisers for biology were interviewed. The questionnaires required the respondents to identify the following: 1. Areas of biochemistry they find difficult. 2. Areas of biochemistry they find easy to understand. 3. Possible reasons for the students' poor performance in biochemistry. 4. Possible suggestions for improvement. The student-teachers were further given a concept test to test their understanding of the concept 'photosynthesis'. After analysing the data, the findings were used to make some recommendations, in an attempt to improve the teaching of biochemistry by the teachers and lecturers and of the learning of biochemistry by the students
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Avuletey, Richard. "The value of remnant habitat patches for conserving butterflies (Lepidoptera) in King Sabata Dalindyebo (KSD) Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1011285.
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Butterflies (Lepidoptera) have attracted more attention as indicators of terrestrial ecosystems than other invertebrates. This taxon is widely used as tools or subjects for biodiversity conservation planning in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The study determined butterfly species turnover at a-priori selected habitat patches in a protected area (Nduli Nature Reserve) and non-formally protected areas (outside Nduli Nature Reserve) of the KSD Local Municipality and their response to measured environmental variables. Using transect survey methods, 516 butterfly individuals belonging to 22 species were caught from 16 sampling units. Species dominance curves showed more butterfly species evenness outside reserve sites than inside. Hierarchical clustering using Bray-Curtis similarity matrices and Correspondence analysis (CA) grouped sampling units according to butterfly species sampled. Site habitat patches outside the reserve were richer in butterfly and overall abundance than inside the reserve. The Canonical Correspondence analysis (CCA) results revealed that certain site variables such as percentage herb cover, area of patch size, average grass height, grazing intensity, distance to the city centre and average flower density accounted for species distribution patterns at various sampling units. The conservation implications of the study suggest that patch level management of micro-habitats with sufficient flowering herbs, structural vegetation, and patch size with minimal disturbance within and outside reserve areas can encourage rare and common butterfly species richness and diversity.
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Brinkmann, Kay. "Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Expressionsklonierungssystems in primären Kardiomyozyten - Identifizierung von Translin als neuem Target der Herzinsuffizienz." Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-16929.
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