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1
Bayar, Monia. "Intentionality in translation : with a special reference to Arabic/English translation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17540.
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This work springs from the subjective need for limiting the translation bias. It has been noticed that a considerable amount of translation is allowed to be published and read mainly due to the importance of its readability in the target language and often overlooking the goal(s) of the source text. This seems to derive from two common presumptions: (1) That a text goal is the result of an irretrievable and indescribable intentionality and (2) That target text readability and the preservation of the source text goal are two incompatible goals of translation. And this is in turn the result of the long lived dichotomy of translation studies into literal and free or text-based and reader oriented approaches. This work attempts to show that both (I) and (2) are misconceptions. Given a reasonable characterisation, intentionality is retrievable from the text itself and revealing of the text goal, the preservation of which does not exclude the readability of the TT and vice versa. Based on pragmatic insights drawn mainly from the Gricean Maxims and Cooperative Principle, Speech Act theory and the Text Linguistic model, this work proceeds to argue the case by analysing three Arabic texts and their twenty-two translations (each text is translated seven to eight times by different translators). These are of three most common types of prose: the expository, the argumentative and the instructive types. The analysis revolves around the identification of the text goal in the SL and its preservation in the TL. During this process a number of models and theories that constitute a controversial view of intentionality are outlined and discussed with a view to breaking the polarity they form and finding a medium path that is apt for charting more plausibly the context, the text and the process of translation. It is hoped that the implications of such work will help improve the quality of translation, provide a more explicit and plausible contribution to the account for the process and to further the effort towards standardising the theory.
2
Tawbi, Hassan, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, and Faculty of Education. "Translation quality assessment." THESIS_FE_XXX_Tawbi_H.xml, 1994. http://heston.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/57.
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As yet, few explicit, practical and easy to implement marking scales for evaluating the quality of translations have been proposed. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new marking guide for making quantitative assessments of the quality of non-literary translations, and to test its practicality through a case study using the Arabic language. On the basis of the results, some generalizations about translation and translation quality assessment are made. Early treatments which dealt with the evaluation of translations are discussed, showing their merits and defects. The new marking guide is then described, including classification of errors and examples of each type of error. Guidelines are presented for the holistic subjective assessment, the guidelines are evaluated and the outcome discussedMaster of Arts (Hons)
3
Chakhachiro, Raymond. "The translation of irony in Australian political commentary texts from English into Arabic /." View thesis, 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030715.161818/index.html.
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Shaheen, Muhammad. "Theories of translation and their applications to the teaching of English/Arabic-Arabic/English translating." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1991. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/637.
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Alawadhi, Hamid Ali Motea. "La difficulté en traduction approche théorique et pratique dans le domaine de la traduction français-arabe : thèse pour obtenir le grade de docteur de l'Université de Paris III, discipline, traductologie, présentée et soutenue publiquement /." Villeneuve d'Ascq : Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 2001. http://books.google.com/books?id=iiZcAAAAMAAJ.
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Yeung, Ka-wai. "Pragmatics and translation with reference to English-Chinese and Chinese-English examples /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38280097.
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Kim, Hyang-Ok Kennedy Larry DeWitt. "A descriptive analysis of errors and error patterns in consecutive interpretation from Korean into English." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1994. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9521335.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1994.Title from title page screen, viewed April 11, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Larry Kennedy (chair), Kenneth Jerich, Marilyn Moore, Irene Brosnahan. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-96) and abstract. Also available in print.
8
Hodzik, Ena. "Predictive processes during simultaneous interpreting from German into English." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608100.
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Prada-González, Lucía I. Brand Dionne. "A translation from English to Spanish of selected chapters from Dionne Brand's 'What we all long for'." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/282/.
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Karakira, Steven. "LEXIS versus text : the case for translating English legal texts into Arabic /." [Campbelltown, N.S.W. : The Author], 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030709.084948/index.html.
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Yeung, Ka-wai, and 楊家慧. "Pragmatics and translation: with reference toEnglish-Chinese and Chinese-English examples." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38280097.
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Chung, Lung-shan Peter, and 鍾龍山. "Public administration translation in Hong Kong: a sociolinguistic perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47849678.
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Translation studies in Hong Kong have been focusing mainly on the
literary aspect of the discipline. Although huge amounts of bilingual
texts are churned out every year from virtually every government and
quasi-government department and other institution, these products of
translation, as well as the work processes involved, do not receive due
attention of the academia for research purposes. Studies on translation of
this type and nature may have largely been ignored.
To promote academic studies in this field, this thesis attempts to establish
Public Administration Translation as a genre which bears distinctive
features and a production process of its own, although the linguistic
features of this genre do not form part of the present study and are left for
future exploration. To achieve this goal, a general history of Public
Administration Translation in Hong Kong with regard to various grades of
Public Administration Translation service providers has been compiled to
track the development of these grades, as well as the relations among them.
With a view to putting Hong Kong’s Public Administration Translation in a
sociolinguistic perspective, a sociolinguistic framework regarding societal
multilingualism types with reference to territorial monolingualism,
bilingualism and trilingualism, as well as diglossia and triglossia, is
proposed for discussing Hong Kong’s Public Administration Translation
and its service providers. After detailed analysis and discussion, it is
suggested that Hong Kong’s sociolinguistic situation has always been
evolving in response to its political and demographic development, and the
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region seems to be moving towards a
society of biliteracy (i.e. Standard Written Chinese and written English)
and trilingualism (i.e. Cantonese, spoken English and Putonghua) while
Hong Kong’s Public Administration Translation keeps reacting accordingly
to the changes in the sociolinguistic situation of the community.published_or_final_version
Chinese
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
13
Machali, Rochayah. "The occurrence of shifts and the question of equivalence in translation." Australia : Macquarie University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/44598.
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"March 1990".Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of English & Linguistics, 1991.
Bibliography: leaves 219-221.
PART ONE: Research preliminaries -- The occurrence of shifts and the question of equivalence in translation -- Research methodology -- Theoretical orientation to the analysis of translation and texts -- The profile of major discourse types in Bahasa Indonesia -- PAERT TWO: Chapters of analysis -- The translation of procedural discourses -- The translation of hortatory discourses -- The translation of expository discourses -- The translation of narrative discourses -- PART THREE: Chapters of discussion -- Synthesis of translation shifts -- Translation types and translation equivalence at the textual level -- PART FOUR: Concluding chapter -- Conclusion and implications.
The study focuses on translation shifts, on their occurrence and their consequences, and especially how they relate to the question of equivalence in translation. For this purpose, eight Indonesian source language texts (SLTs) and eighty English translations (TLTs) were analysed, in terms of their, notional and prominent text features, rhetorical purpose, cohesion, topic-comment structures, and topical progression. The results of the analysis show how translators' behaviour and reactions to the SLTs vary, as indicated by divergencies in their translations. The variations indicate the kinds of shift fostered in the translation: obligatory and/or optional. -- Another fruit of the study is the identification of a number of shiftsensitive items in Indonesian grammar, such as /DI-/, /NG-/, /-LAH/. The textual effects of the shifts vary from the localized shift of interpersonal tenor to global shifts affecting text type and sub-type, and even to shifts of referential meaning. Although the shifts of text type and of sub-type show a tendency towards directness and neutrality, the shifts raise the question of whether or not the resulting TLTs can be considered as justified translations and as translation equivalences. The answer is the need to postulate a more flexible and wider view of equivalence, whilst setting up limits to acceptance of shifts which cause mistranslations, i.e shifts of referential meaning. This view provides a basis for distinguishing translation from adaptation and from mistranslation, a distinction which has hitherto been taken for granted in translation and in the training of translators. -- Appendices containing the TL texts (the SL texts are presented in each chapter of analysis) are presented at the back of the thesis. There is also a glossary of terms used in the study.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
viii, 250 leaves
14
Cheong, Sin Wan. "From language of a HCC to a LCC : a study of Chinese-Eenglish translation of MAM articles." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525835.
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Karakira, Steve, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, and Faculty of Education. "Lexis versus text : the case for translating English legal texts into Arabic." THESIS_FE_XXX_KARAKIRA_ S.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/19.
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The thesis explores the nature of the difficulties involved in translating legal texts, focusing mainly on translating English legal texts into Arabic. It shows that these difficulties fall into two categories, structural and terminological. the latter being more problematical. The language of law is distinct, rigid, precise and too formal. The difficulty arises when a translator's exposure to the cultural and legal environments of his working languages is unbalanced. This could lead a translator to misunderstand not only the significance of the specialised terms used, but also the distinctive features of syntax and register of the original language text. The other, and more significant, difficulty arises from the lack of equivalence at the term level in the two languages. The research was conducted in two parts. In the first part, original legal texts in both English and Arabic were analysed, and the linguistic exponents extracted and compared. In the second part of the research, the development process of the English and Arabic legal terminology were considered, and the differences in terminology imposed by the different nature of the legal environments explored, including the adversarial versus inquisitorial systems. An empirical study concludes the thesis. It consists of a questionnaire and a list of legal terms which twenty translators were asked to complete. The results of the research are quite controversial. The argument is that difficulties involved in legal translations are more conceived than real in so far as textual, syntactic and structural features are concerned. The similarities between English and Arabic legal texts in this respect are striking. The confusion and indecisiveness which usually reign when translating English legal texts into Arabic will be alleviated through providing examples from contemporary Arabic legal texts, accompanied by textual and linguistic analyses. The real difficulty is in the field of terminology. However, a corpus of terms in the criminal code is discussed, focusing on terms with direct application to the Australian situation. This should be of direct benefit to Arabic translators and interpreters in Australia and other English-speaking countries.Master of Arts (Hons) (Translation)
16
Mandelblit, Nili. "Grammatical blending : creative and schematic aspects in sentence processing and translation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9808987.
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Mashamba, Mabula. "Translation and cultural adaptation with specific reference to Tshivenda and English." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2319.
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Thesis (M.A.(African language))--University of Limpopo, 2011The aim of this study was to investigate the problems encountered by translators when translating medical terms from English into Tshivenda. It has been revealed in this study that the major problem that the translators are confronted with is lack of terminology in the specialized field such as Health. This problem is caused by the fact that different languages entail a variety of culture. The study revealed that most translators and lexicographers resort to transliteration and borrowing when confronted with zero-equivalence. They regard transliteration and borrowing as the quickest possible strategies. The study discovered that transliteration should not be opted as an alternative strategy to deal with zero-equivalence as users will be led to a state of confusion. The study revealed that communicative translation is regarded as the most fruitful method of translation as it conveys the exact message of the original in a best possible manner. Both the source and the target users get the same message.
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Krasnick, Harry. "English as a second language problem in the Canadian charter of rights and freedoms." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27666.
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A research project was designed to identify and analyze the issues which are involved in guaranteeing the equal protection of the law in Canada with respect to the right to be informed of the right to counsel upon detention or arrest and the right to the assistance of an interpreter in legal proceedings in the case of non-native speakers of English.
A comparative, multidisciplinary study design allowed the differences among social science views, practitioners' commonsensical knowledge, and legal viewpoints as expressed in reported judgements to be identified. Each of the three sources of viewpoints on cross-cultural interrogation and courtroom interaction was examined with a view to determining the range of phenomena recognized. The study did not attempt to evaluate the social science studies on their own terms, measure the distribution of commonsense knowledge among practitioners, or determine the state of the law on any particular point. The goal was rather to compare the breadth of the legal system's vision with that of social scientists and practitioners, in order to determine whether there will be a need to supplement the court's view.
The results suggested that court interpreters vary greatly in their overall competence, including language ability, and in their understanding of what their role is. Training and certification of court interpreters appears to be the only solution which will satisfy the constitutional guarantee of equal protection. Informing the suspect of his right to counsel presents substantial linguistic and cultural problems, only some of which are addressed by the courts. In legal proceedings, the right to the assistance
of an interpreter raises fundamental questions concerning the point at
which the right to an interpreter arises and how entitlement is to be
determined.
Practical solutions implied by the research include establishing a bilingual courtroom observer program to safeguard against inadequte interpretation going unnoticed; cautioning the suspect as to his right to counsel in his native language rather than in English, perhaps through audio tape recordings; and establishing a combination translation and legal advice center which could be contacted by calling a toll-free telephone number such as 800-ESL-HELP.Education, Faculty of
Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of
Graduate
19
Law, Mei In. "Assessing online translation systems using the BLEU score : Google Language Tools & SYSTRANBox." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525828.
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Pan, Han Ting. "A comparative study of conjunctive cohesion in bilingual legal documents : a corpus-based study of three Hong Kong listed prospectuses and the Hong Kong companies ordinance." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525531.
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Lascar, Elisabeth Ramirez, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, Faculty of Education, and Division of Languages and Linguistics. "Shifts of cohesion as manifested in translation." THESIS_FE_DLL_Lascar_E.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/377.
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One of the aims of this study is to identify shifts of cohesion in translation from Spanish into English, with a view to validating Blum-Kulka's proposal that explication is a universal strategy in translation. The study uses the translation work of ten advanced translation students using narrative texts of approximately 250 words in length. Some of these students are native speakers of Spanish and others native speakers of English. Another aim of the study is to examine how cohesive devices are deployed across an ability range of students and to establish whether there are systematic differences in their deployment. The study will also attempt to establish whether the levels of language competence of informants account for specific shifts of cohesion in translation and whether certain shifts of cohesion are motivated by the style of the source and target texts.Master of Arts (Hons)
22
Guan, Qiu Yao Amber. "Repositioning of political stance in news trans-editing :a case study of E-C news reports on the THADD issue." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954323.
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Yom, Haeng-Il. "Topic-comment structure : a contrastive study of simultanious interpretation from Korean into English /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1993. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1154711x.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1993.Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Clifford Hill. Dissertation Committee: Jo Anne Kleifgen. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-157).
24
Kuan, Nga Iam Joanna. "Investigating the practicability of using CAT system and TM :a case study of C-E translation of informative text by SDL Trados 2015." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954469.
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U, Man Ieng. "A comparative study on translations of daily and banquet menus." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525842.
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Welgemoed, Johan. "A prototype system for machine translation from English to South African Sign Language using synchronous tree adjoining grammars." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19892.
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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Machine translation, especially machine translation for sign languages, remains an active research area. Sign language machine translation presents unique challenges to the whole machine translation process. In this thesis a prototype machine translation system is presented. This system is designed to translate English text into a gloss based representation of South African Sign Language (SASL). In order to perform the machine translation, a transfer based approach was taken. English text is parsed into an intermediate representation. Translation rules are then applied to this intermediate representation to transform it into an equivalent intermediate representation for the SASL glosses. For both these intermediate representations, a tree adjoining grammar (TAG) formalism is used. As part of the prototype machine translation system, a TAG parser was implemented. The translation rules used by the system were derived from a SASL phrase book. This phrase book was also used to create a small gloss based SASL TAG grammar. Lastly, some additional tools, for the editing of TAG trees, were also added to the prototype system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Masjienvertaling, veral masjienvertaling vir gebaretale, bly ’n aktiewe navorsingsgebied. Masjienvertaling vir gebaretale bied unieke uitdagings tot die hele masjienvertalingproses. In hierdie tesis bied ons ’n prototipe masjienvertalingstelsel aan. Hierdie stelsel is ontwerp om Engelse teks te vertaal na ’n glos gebaseerde voorstelling van Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal (SAG). Ons vertalingstelsel maak gebruik van ’n oorplasingsbenadering tot masjienvertaling. Engelse teks word ontleed na ’n intermediˆere vorm. Vertalingre¨els word toegepas op hierdie intermediˆere vorm om dit te transformeer na ’n ekwivalente intermediˆere vorm vir die SAG glosse. Vir beide hierdie intermediˆere vorms word boomkoppelingsgrammatikas (BKGs) gebruik. As deel van die prototipe masjienvertalingstelsel, is ’n BKG sintaksontleder ge¨ımplementeer. Die vertalingre¨els wat gebruik word deur die stelsel, is afgelei vanaf ’n SAG fraseboek. Hierdie fraseboek was ook gebruik om ’n klein BKG vir SAG glosse te ontwikkel. Laastens was addisionele nutsfasiliteite, vir die redigering van BKG bome, ontwikkel.
27
Kim, Mira. "A discourse based study on Theme in Korean and textual meaning in translation." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/13281.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis by publication.Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Department of Linguistics.
Includes bibliographical references.
Introduction -- Translation error analysis: a systemic functional grammar approach -- Systemic functional approach to the issues of Korean theme study -- A corpus based study on the system of THEME in Korean -- Using systemic functional text analysis for translator education: an illustration with a foucus on the textual meaning -- Readability analysis of community translation: a systemic functional approach -- Conclusion.
Most linguistic communities have textual resources for organizing experiences into coherent text. The way that the resources are used may not be the same but vary from one language to another. This variation can be a source of translation difficulty in rendering a natural-reading translation. This thesis investigates the question of how the choices of Theme, which is one of the main textual resources, have an impact on textual meaning in translation between English and Korean. -- The premise underlying the study is that a translation that is not inaccurate in lexical choices may still read as unnatural to the target readers if a careful consideration is not given to Theme choices at the clause level and Thematic development at the text level in the source and target texts. This assumption is derived from systemic functional linguistic (SFL) theory, which postulates that Theme at the clause level plays a critical role in constructing a text into a coherent linear whole at the text level. This brings in another equally important question of the study: how Theme works in Korean. No research has been done to investigate the system of THEME in Korean from a systemic functional point of view or on the basis of extensive discourse analysis across a range of registers. Therefore, this study investigates the THEME system in Korean using a corpus consisting of a number of authentic Korean texts in three different text types. -- These two coherent questions are investigated in five self-contained journal articles included in the thesis. Two of them have been published (Chapters 2 and 5), one has been submitted for publication (Chapter 6) and the other two will be submitted (Chapters 3 and 4). The journal article format for thesis has recently been introduced at Macquarie University as an approved alternative to the traditional thesis structure.
Chapter 1 introduces a number of preliminary issues for, and information relevant to, the study such as research questions and background, the corpus, the underlying theoretical assumption and anticipated contributions to this area of research. Chapter 2 is a report of a pilot-project that motivated the current study. It discusses how to use text analysis based on systemic functional grammar to analyze translation errors/issues and provides systematic explanations relating to such issues. Chapter 3 reviews issues that have been raised by Korean linguists in relation to the study of Theme in Korean and provides suggestions on how to resolve these issues drawing on systemic functional theory. Chapter 4 describes the features of Korean THEME system based on the analysis of clausal Themes and thematic development of 17 texts of the corpus. Chapter 5 is a discussion about the pedagogical efficiency of using systemic functional text analysis for translator education with a particular emphasis on the textual meaning in translation. Chapter 6 attempts to analyze the readability issue of community translations in Australian context. Chapter 7 concludes the thesis with a number of suggestions for further study. --As the research investigates the question of textual meaning in translation, which has not been rigorously studied, and the question of Theme in Korean, which has never been studied on the basis of a corpus and of discourse analysis, it is anticipated that this work will make considerable theoretical and practical contributions in both fields.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xiv, 329 leaves ill. (some col.)
28
Tran, Thai. "Indirectness in Vietnamese newspaper commentaries a pilot study /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1182797918.
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Ferreira, Marelize. "Vertaalstrategiee in Where the heart is – a writer in Provence deur Marita van der Vyver : die Afrikaanse vroueskrywer in Frankryk vir die Engelse leser." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71925.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the manner in which Marita van der Vyver’s semi-autobiographic novel Die hart van ons huis – ’n skrywer in Provence has been translated. The question that arises is who the reader of Marita van der Vyver’s translated works is – the local South African or the international English reader? If the text was translated for the local English reader, will the text be translated as if it was written by a local English speaker and if the text was translated for an international reader, are the Afrikaans cultural elements in the novel neutralised, adapted or omitted in such a way that the text would be fluent and understandable for the international English reader? In the first chapter, Van der Vyver’s background as an author is discussed and the source text used in this study is contextualised. The problem statement, research questions, methodology, and course of this study are also discussed. The next chapter provides the theoretical background used as background of this study, namely the descriptive and functionalist translation theories where translation is generally viewed as a cultural activity. The translation approaches used are domestication and foreignisation. Chapters 3 and 4 both contain the empirical analysis of the source text. This analysis is done by using an adapted model of Lambert and Van Gorp on both macro- and micro-levels: larger aspects of the target text are explored on macro-level, such as the genre, title, overall translation approach and paratext while analysis on the micro-level deals with pragmatic, intercultural and text-specific translation problems. The techniques the translator applies to adequately deal with these translation problems are also investigated. It is concluded that the translator generally transfers the culturally specific French and Afrikaans terms from the source text and makes use of a generally foreignising approach in the target text. The translator stays loyal to the author of the source text but also shows loyalty towards the reader by domesticating the target text on a linguistic level and generally making the target text more understandable for the English speaker. It is shown throughout the text that it isn’t only the target text that is foreignising to targer readers, but that the source text would also be foreignising for an Afrikaans reader because of the French cultural elements that are strongly featured throughout the text
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die wyse waarop Marita van der Vyver se deels outobiografiese roman Die hart van ons huis – ’n skrywer in Provence vertaal is. Die vraag wat ontstaan, is wie die spesifieke Engelse leser van Van der Vyver se vertaalde werke is – is dit die plaaslike Suid-Afrikaanse, of die internasionale Engelse leser? Indien die teks vir ’n plaaslike Suid-Afrikaanse leser vertaal word, word die teks so vertaal asof dit deur ’n plaaslike Engelssprekende geskryf is en indien dit vir ’n internasionale leser vertaal word, word die Afrikaanse kulturele gegewens geneutraliseer, aangepas of weggelaat sodat die teks vlot en verstaanbaar vir die internasionale leser sal lees? In die eerste hoofstuk word Van der Vyver se agtergrond as skrywer bespreek en die bronteks wat in die studie aan bod kom, gekontekstualiseer. Die probleemstelling, navorsingsvrae, metodologie en verloop van die studie word ook bespreek. Die volgende hoofstuk verskaf die teoretiese agtergrond waarteen die studie geplaas word, naamlik die deskriptiewe en funksionalistiese vertaalteorieë waarbinne vertaling hoofsaaklik as ’n kulturele handeling beskou word. Die vertaalbenaderings wat hanteer word, is domestikering en vervreemding. Hoofstuk 3 en 4 bevat die empiriese ontleding van die doelteks – dit geskied aan die hand van ’n aangepaste Lambert en Van Gorp-model op sowel makro- as mikrovlak; op die makrovlak word groter aspekte van die teks soos die genre, titel, oorkoepelende vertaalbenadering en parateks ondersoek terwyl ontleding op mikrovlak die fyner aspekte van die doelteks onder die loep neem – hier word gekyk na pragmatiese, interkulturele en teksspesifieke vertaalprobleme en die wyse waarop die vertaler daarmee in die doelteks omgaan. Die gevolgtrekking is dat die vertaler die spesifieke Franse en Afrikaanse verwysings in die doelteks behou en van ’n hoofsaaklik vervreemdende vertaalstrategie gebruik maak deur eg Afrikaanse en Franse kulturele aspekte in die doelteks te behou. Die vertaler bly deurlopend lojaal aan die outeur van die bronteks, maar toon ook lojaliteit teenoor die doelteksleser deurdat sy linguisties domestikeer en die teks sodoende meer verstaanbaar vir die doelteksleser maak. Daar word ook deurgaans aangetoon dat nie net die doelteks vervreemdend is vir die doeltekslesers nie, maar dat die bronteks reeds vervreemdend is ook vir die brontekslesers deur die Franse kultuur wat so sterk aan bod kom.
30
Feng, Lei. "Two English translations of the Chinese epic novel Sanguo yanyi : a descriptive and functionalist study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71732.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This comparative study investigates the English translations of China’s first novel, Sanguo yanyi. The focus is firstly on describing the factors that affect the production of each of the translations and secondly on identifying and determining the approaches and strategies used by the two translators. The primary objective of the study is to gain a better understanding of literary translation between two distinctly different languages by objectively describing and analyzing the factors relevant to the production of the two translations. The secondary objective is to evaluate the two translations by using the functionalist approach to translation. To this end, the study determines which of the two translations better serves the purpose of providing South African students of Chinese with insight into and appreciation of some aspects of Chinese culture which would enhance their Chinese studies. The key theories and models that are introduced and applied are Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS), which was mainly established by Gideon Toury in the 1980s and the Functionalist Approach, which was established by Vermeer and Reiss also in the 1980s and further developed by Nord. DTS focuses on pragmatic aspects, such as social, cultural and communicative practices instead of only on linguistic units. Within this framework, decisionmaking processes and translational norms of the two translators of Sanguo yanyi are examined. Three representative chapters of the source text and their translations are selected as the focus of the investigation. Furthermore, a description of the entire translation process is provided – from the translators’ original planning and agents acting as patrons of the project to the approaches and strategies that the translators are considered to have adopted in the process of translating. Within Functionalism the function of the target text in the target culture determines which aspects of the source text should be transferred to the target text. From this theoretical approach the findings regarding the translation strategies and processes in the translations of Sanguo yanyi are used to ultimately determine the extent to which the translators succeed in conveying the collective memory of some of the cultural-historical issues in China to the target texts, while at the same time making the texts accessible to Western (South African) students.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word daar ’n vergelykende ondersoek na twee Engelse vertalings van China se eerste roman, Sanguo yanyi, onderneem. Daar word eerstens gefokus op ’n beskrywing van die faktore wat die produksie van elk van die vertalings beïnvloed en daarna word die benaderings en strategieë geïdentifiseer wat deur die twee vertalers gebruik is. Die primêre doel van die studie is om ’n beter begrip van literêre vertaling tussen twee beduidend verskillende tale te verkry deur die faktore wat ’n rol in die betrokke vertaalprosesse speel op ’n objektiewe wyse te beskryf en te ondersoek. As sekondêre doelstelling word die twee vertalings binne die raamwerk van die funksionalistiese benadering tot vertaling geëvalueer. Daar word naamlik ondersoek watter een van die vertalings die beste slaag in die doel om aan Suid-Afrikaanse studente ’n dieper insig in en groter waardering vir sekere aspekte van die Chinese kultuur te verskaf ten einde hulle studie van die Chinese taal aan te vul. Die belangrikste teorieë en modelle wat gebruik word, is deskriptiewe vertaalstudie (DTS), wat as navorsingsrigting binne vertaling hoofsaaklik deur Gideon Toury in die tagtigerjare gevestig is, en funksionalisme, wat ook in die tagtigerjare deur Vermeer en Reiss ontwikkel is en later deur Nord uitgebrei is. DTS fokus op pragmatiese aspekte soos sosiale, kulturele en kommunikatiewe praktyke eerder as bloot op linguistiese eenhede, en die besluitnemingsprosesse en vertaalnorme van die twee vertalers van Sanguo yanyi word binne hierdie raamwerk ondersoek. Drie verteenwoordigende hoofstukke van die bronteks en hulle vertalings word as die fokus van die ondersoek gebruik. Verder kom ’n bespreking van die vertaalprosesse in die geheel aan bod – vanaf die vertalers se aanvanklike beplanning en agente wat as patronate van die projek optree tot die resepsie en invloed van die doeltekste in die Engelssprekende wêreld. Binne die funksionalisme bepaal die funksie van die doelteks binne die doelkultuur watter aspekte van die bronteks na die doelteks oorgedra word. Vanuit hierdie teoretiese benadering word die bevindinge rakende die vertaalstrategieë en –prosesse in die vertalings van Sanguo yanyi gebruik om uiteindelik te bepaal in watter mate die vertalers daarin slaag om die herinnering aan kultuurhistoriese kwessies in China in die doeltekste behoue te laat bly en die tekste terselfdertyd vir Westerse (Suid-Afrikaanse) studente toeganklik te maak.
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Shen, Jin. "On translation of swearwords from English to Chinese : a case study on subtitling Terminator I-IV." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525845.
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Jiang, Ming Elle. "A report on the C-E simultaneous interpreting at the town hall meeting with parents at the University of Macau." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954272.
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Choy, Maria Po-suen Cheng. "The role of translation in bilingual editing of magazines." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/70434.
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"November, 1994"Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of English & Linguistics, 1995.
Bibliography: leaves 199-212.
Introduction -- Bilingual editing of magazines -- Bilingual editing of magazines in Hong Kong -- Survey and interviews -- Grammatical bases for textual analysis -- Textual analysis -- Discussion and conclusion.
In cross-cultural or intercultural encounters of the modern age, mass communication has become a daily feature of our technological civilisation, and mass media have facilitated effective international information flow. Bilingual editing becomes an important medium of mass communication. The effectiveness of such communication rests upon the grammatical, lexical, sociolinguistic, socio-cultural, discourse and strategic competence of participants (editors, writers, translators and readers). It rests upon their ability to creatively use and to sensitively respond to language. In this dynamic process of communication, a bilingual editor not only plays the role of translator but also acts as a mediator; as Hatim and Mason (1990:223) suggest, s/he "has not only a bilingual ability but also a bi-cultural vision". -- In view of the diversity of usage of bilingual editing in the media, this research delves into the role of translation from English to Chinese in the bilingual editing of magazines in Hong Kong. This area is of interest for four reasons: first, since the press medium engages most translation practitioners, a study in this area may help future practitioners to have a better understanding of this science and art and its practice; second, text types are highly diverse, allowing room for discussion of translation devices; third, Hong Kong is a typical meeting place of the East and West and bilingual editing serves as a tool of information flow; fourth, the rising status of Chinese in Hong Kong approaching 1997 will enhance the role of bilingual editing. -- The study focuses on translation only from English and Chinese, or vice versa. In as much as there is very little academic attention to bilingual editing and its nature, processes and techniques, or to the role of translation in bilingual editing, it is believed that this research will help facilitate cross-cultural communication between Westerners and Chinese. -- The objective of this study is to derive new insights into the translation process with the support of contemporary approaches, and to descant on different lexical, grammatical and cultural features between English and Chinese; and most important, to elicit from the above features a set of parameters which may promote consistency and precision in the discussion of translating articles of the abovementioned press medium. -- Editors and theorists agree that an understanding of the source language text is essential. To review the basis for understanding the source language correctly, a text analysis of an English text and its Chinese translation will be performed. This analysis will take a functional approach which is based on Halliday's model of analysing the functional grammar of English. The first concern is with the analysis of clause complexes. The thinking behind this concern is influenced by Bell's approach to the clause. Such a functional approach is applied to the Chinese text. This does not' mean a complete application of Halliday's functional model to the Chinese language, but the functional approach will be used as a tool to reveal the relationship between the two languages as well as to analyse the source language. -- Case studies developed from the textual analysis of different types of magazines and from discussions with the translators or bilingual editors about their views of the translating process will be presented. Samples of articles illustrating the difficulties and challenges are also cited.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
viii, 212 [28] leaves ill
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Mashamba, Mabula. "Translation and cultural adaptation with reference to Tshivenda and English : a case study of the medical field." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2193.
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Thesis (M.A. (African languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2011The aim of this study was to investigate the problems encountered by translators when translating medical terms from English into Tshivenda. It has been revealed in this study that the major problem that the translators are confronted with is lack of terminology in the specialized field such as Health. This problem is caused by the fact that different languages entail a variety of culture. The study revealed that most translators and lexicographers resort to transliteration and borrowing when confronted with zero-equivalence. They regard transliteration and borrowing as the quickest possible strategies. The study discovered that transliteration should not be opted as an alternative strategy to deal with zero-equivalence as users will be led to a state of confusion. The study revealed that communicative translation is regarded as the most fruitful method of translation as it conveys the exact message of the original in a best possible manner. Both the source and the target users get the same message. KEY CONCEPTS Translation, Culture, Source Language (SL), Target Language (TL), Translation equivalence and Zero-equivalence.
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Ntwana, Thenjiswa. "The translation of Chinua Achebe's Things fall apart into isiXhosa Lwadilik'udonga : a critical analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50530.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Things Fall Apart is an unsentimental novel which appeared in 1958 as Chinua Achebe's first novel. It is regarded as a classic of world literature. It is deemed vital that such rich literature as the one of Achebe, be made accessible to readers in as many language communities as possible. It is through the vehicle of translation that a multitude of readers are endowed with the power to make some form of contact with much of the world's great writings. But translation of literature is a very complex process, which poses some difficult yet interesting problems that demand particular notice and specific attention. In translation of literature one is not just dealing with words written in a certain. time, space and sociopolitical situation, most importantly it is the cultural aspect of the text that should be taken into account. Therefore, translation of literature is not just the transfer of information between languages, but the transfer of one culture to another. Literary texts in isiXhosa and English, which are not only written in different languages but also represent different cultures, differ greatly in terms of linguistic, literary and cultural-social conventions. Challenges such as these make it difficult for a translator, in this case K.S. Bongela, to render the source language text flawlessly in the target language. This study thus investigates how Bongela coped with transmitting the cultural issues in Things Fall Apart into Lwadilik'udonga. It will highlight the various problems the translator encountered in search for equivalence and adequacy, and also analyse the strategies he has employed in this transference of cultural elements to the target text. As will be seen, it is possible to relate the translation of this text to the six general rules mentioned by Bassnett-MacGuire (1988: 116- 117) for the translator.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Things Fall Apart is 'n onsentimentele roman wat in 1958 as Chinua Achebe se eerste roman verskyn het. Dit word beskou as fn klassieke werk in die wêreld van letterkunde. Dit is ook belangrik dat letterkunde wat so ryk is soos dié van Achebe aan soveel verskillende taalgemeenskappe as moontlik bekend gestel word. Dit is as gevolg van vertaling dat fn verskeidenheid lesers die geleentheid het om kontak te maak met die wêreld se beste geskrewe werke. Letterkundige vertaling is fn baie komplekse proses waar uitdagende maar interessante probleme voorkom, en dit verg besondere en spesifieke aandag. Met die vertaling van letterkunde word daar nie net gebruik gemaak van woorde in fn sekere tyd, plek en sosio-politieke situasie nie, maar belangriker is die kulturele aspek van die teks waarmee rekening gehou moet word. Daarom is vertaling van letterkunde nie net fn oordra van informasie tussen tale nie, maar fn verplasing van een kultuur na fn ander. Letterkundige teks in isiXhosa en Engels is nie net in verskillende tale geskryf nie, maar verteenwoordig ook verskillende kulture wat baie verskil in terme van taalkunde, letterkunde en kultureel-sosiale gebruike. Sulke uitdagings maak dit baie moeilik vir die vertaler, in hierdie geval K.S. Bongela, om die brontaal foutloos in die teikentaal te vertaal. Die studie gaan oor hoe Bongela met die vertaling van Things Fall Apart na Lwadilik'udonga, die kuturele uitdagings gehanteer het. Die verskillende probleme waarmee fn vertaler met die soeke na gelykwaardigheid en geskiktheid in aanraking kom, asook die analise van strategieë wat gebruik word in die oorskakeling van die kulturele elemente in die teikenteks, word aan die lig gebring. In die studie sal daar aan die lig gebring word dat dit moontlik is om fn verband tussen die vertaling van die teks en die ses algemene reëls wat deur Bassnett-MacGuire (1988:116-117) aangegee word, te sien.
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Combrink, Andries J. "A preprocessor for an English-to-Sign Language Machine Translation system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2832.
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Thesis (MSc (Computer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.Sign Languages such as South African Sign Language, are proper natural languages; they have their own vocabularies, and they make use of their own grammar rules. However, machine translation from a spoken to a signed language creates interesting challenges. These problems are caused as a result of the differences in character between spoken and signed languages. Sign Languages are classified as visual-spatial languages: a signer makes use of the space around him, and gives visual clues from body language, facial expressions and sign movements to help him communicate. It is the absence of these elements in the written form of a spoken language that causes the contextual ambiguities during machine translation. The work described in this thesis is aimed at resolving the ambiguities caused by a translation from written English to South African Sign Language. We designed and implemented a preprocessor that uses areas of linguistics such as anaphora resolution and a data structure called a scene graph to help with the spatial aspect of the translation. The preprocessor also makes use of semantic and syntactic analysis, together with the help of a semantic relational database, to find emotional context from text. This analysis is then used to suggest body language, facial expressions and sign movement attributes, helping us to address the visual aspect of the translation. The results show that the system is flexible enough to be used with different types of text, and will overall improve the quality of a machine translation from English into a Sign Language.
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Lam, Pui Kwan. "Speech translation : a functionalist analysis of the welcome speech of the Macao 4th East Asian Games." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1943911.
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Xu, Fang Zhou. "A estetica literaria no ato tradutoriao a luz da teoria de Levy :uma analise da traducao do conto A Memoia de Grande Nur ;Xu Fangzhou." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954484.
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李雪伊. "愛麗絲的華文之旅: 兒童文學翻譯中的譯者角色研究= Alice's travels in the Chinese language: the role of the translator in translating children's literature." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/492.
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兒童文學故事經典Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (以下簡稱Alice)創作於1865年的英國。在原著作者路易斯·卡羅爾（Lewis Carroll）筆下，故事主角愛麗絲展現了好奇勇敢、能思善辯、富有主見的兒童形象，她的漫遊奇遇詮釋了她由脆弱被動到強勢自主的形象轉變。1922年，愛麗絲藉由趙元任的Alice華文譯本第一次進入華文語境，由此展開她在華文地區（中國大陸地區、港澳台地區、新加坡和馬來西亞華人地區）迄今長達93年的旅行。旅程中，隨著譯本出現時間和地域的不同，被構建出的愛麗絲華文形象互不相同，構建這些華文形象的成人譯者亦扮演著不盡相同的角色。本研究以文學理論家愛德華·賽義德（Edward Said）的「旅行四階段」和「歷史與情境」論為基本理論框架，並融入比較文學形象學（Imagology）中「自我--他者」這一核心概念帶來的啟示，由此推導出符合「歷史與情境」且強調人為因素的關鍵概念，即由成人自我構建出的他者「兒童形象」概念。在上述理論架構引導下，本研究首先對1922--2014年間的338個Alice華文譯本的譯本特點和出現原因進行分析和闡述，勾畫出愛麗絲在四個華文地區兩段旅程五條路線的旅行全景，再以四個華文地區中的6個Alice華文譯本為個案代表，深入探討成人譯者在構建愛麗絲華語形象過程中採取的翻譯策略、方法和來自其他參與者（如出版者、繪圖師、譯序作者等等）的制約因素。論文著重闡釋譯者在目標文本形象建構中的主動和被動特性，對每個案例中的成人譯者角色做了較為全面的解析。本研究得出如下結論：（一）華文地區「兒童形象」因「時」、因「地」不同而表現形式不同，它直接影響和決定Alice華文譯本出版數量和形態等譯本特徵的形成和演變，這是愛麗絲華文旅行呈現出的主體情形；（二）在愛麗絲華文形象的具體建構過程中，因譯本創作時間和地點不同，目標文本形象會在源文本形象的兩個組成部分（即：形象側面和形象轉變）出現不同程度的改變；（三）譯者主動特性和被動特性的作用過程即為愛麗絲華文形象的構建過程；在源文本和目標文化「兒童形象」的雙重影響下，成人譯者做出了靈活度不同的個人選擇，定義了複雜和多重的譯者角色。
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Fu, Xing. "On the hybridity of Chinese-English translation of Report on the Work of the Government." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2456355.
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Choi, Wai Kuan. "Translation shifts of speech roles and modality in legislative and business texts." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2586619.
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Hong, Le Thi, and n/a. "Towards a syllabus for teaching reading comprehension to Vietnamese students of interpreting and translating at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College." University of Canberra. Information Sciences, 1986. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060725.161311.
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Much research on reading comprehension has been done with native readers
in mind; however, this study deals with reading comprehension problems for
non-native readers - Vietnamese students of English.
The study begins with a description of the interpreters and translators
training at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College. Based on the aims and
objectives of the training course the study emphasises the importance of
teaching reading skills to Vietnamese interpreter and translator students in
the first, second and third year.
To deal with this problem, the study overviews relevant theoretical issues of
reading skills presented in current literature with the purpose of relating
these to the realities of teaching reading in a particular context in Vietnam.
The study then looks at the main problems of teaching reading skills in the
English Interpreter Department at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College.
Focus has been placed on the analysis of some difficulties encountered by
Vietnamese students reading English in an attempt to answer the pertinent
question 'Why is it difficult for Vietnamese students to read English?'
Consequently, the study considers ways in which the teaching of reading
skills to Vietnamese students of interpreting and translating may be
improved. The study is also concerned with the selection and development of
materials and then proposes a reading syllabus in order to promote more
rapid and efficient progress in the teaching of reading skills.
Finally, the writer makes some suggestions about how to improve the
situation of teaching reading to her colleagues in the EFL area based on her
own teaching experience.
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El, Mallah Fuzi. "Arabic-English translational crossover viewed from a linguistic/cultural perspective : with special reference to the major principles involved in translating the metaphorical language of the Quran." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27976.
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This work provides an analytical critique of some selected English translations of the Original Quran. This research tries to demonstrate (1) whether the cultural convergence of English and Arabic, due to globalisation, is leading to any further linguistic intermingling and (2) whether the cultural backgrounds of translators, in terms of their native languages, religion and place of origin/residence have any influence on the quality of their translational works. The first chapter builds up a theoretical base, by reviewing thematically the available literature upon which translational strategies are established. The second chapter discusses the differences between the two cultures concerned and the translation of the main features of culture. This chapter concentrates on cultural factors from an Arabic/English translational perspective, i.e. their impact on the rendition of cultural features such as the ecological, religious, social, political, and material aspects. Chapter three is concerned with the literal linguistic differences. More specifically, literal language will be looked at on a grammatical basis. The fourth chapter will cover the figurative level of linguistic differences, as it is more cultural based. It will view the most important traditional tropes but will concentrate on the figures of speech that are most commonly used in the Quran and those than are stylistically useful and effective. Metaphor will be dealt with separately in chapter five. The analysis of chapter seven will be linguistically based on text patterns by examining and tracing chronologically the figurative language of the Quran through metaphorical discourse and to find out whether cultural convergence through temporal constraints has an effect on the way translators treat the Quran. Chapter eight focuses culturally on the profiles and cultural backgrounds of the translators of the Quran and their intentions in terms of whether they see the Quran as the word of God or whether they deal with it as a literary text.
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Lei, Yan Bo. "Metaphors in Chinese literary translation : a case study of Fortress Besieged." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525529.
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Motjakotja, D. G. "Determining the effectiveness of translation methods as identified by Vinay and Darbelnet (1995) and assessing its applicability to Sesotho." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/97.
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Sou, Sok Va. "A study of translations of government leaflets." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1942469.
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Gartner, Bernd. "True words are not beautiful : foreignising Ah Q to fulfil the skopos." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4291.
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Thesis (MPhil (Afrikaans and Dutch))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is an analysis of The True Story of Ah Q in English translation (in Chinese-English bilingual format). By applying new translation theories, specifically those of Christiane Nord and Lawrence Venuti, and by demonstrating their applicability it is hoped that this research project will contribute to these theories becoming more accepted in China. The skopos theory and the concepts domestication and foreignisation are the main translation theories utilised in this thesis. The research was begun with the hypothesis that the translators domesticated the English target text, based on Venuti’s belief that the majority of English translations domesticate the original. The two main research questions are: What is the dominant translation strategy utilised by the translators? Does this strategy fulfil the skopos (i.e. the aims of the translation)? The research will also give suggestions for an improved translation and a more effective translation strategy in light of the skopos. In addition, the study will determine whether the bilingual format is suited for the fulfilment of the current skopos. As pointed out in the publisher’s note, this Chinese-English bilingual version of The True Story of Ah Q is intended to exhibit this modern Chinese classic as a great piece of Chinese literature. The primary aim of the translation is to give readers a real experience of the depth and the heights of Chinese culture. The secondary aims of the translation focus on language learning as well as the function for translators (namely to use this translation as an example for future translations). This research project will determine if the translation has fulfilled these aims. The translation theories on which the analyses in this thesis are based are presented in the literature study (chapter 2). This provides the foundation for the comparison between the Chinese ST and the English TT, the evaluation of the translation, and subsequent conclusions. Chapters 3 and 4 present the application of the theory, divided into an analysis of the macro and microstructures respectively. Translation decisions are analysed on these two levels within the theoretical insights presented in chapter 2. It will be these chapters that provide the foundation for the research findings of this thesis. In cases where improvements of the translation are proposed, suggestions will be made and motivated by theoretical insights. The final chapter (chapter 5) will answer the research questions in detail, based on the individual analyses made in chapters 3 and 4 and motivate these answers based mainly on the translation theories of Nord and Venuti. These answers as well as the suggestions for an improved translation are the main contributions that this thesis makes to translation studies. Lastly, suggestions for further research are made in order to stimulate further research on English translations produced in China.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word die Engelse vertaling van The true story of Ah Q geanaliseer. Met die studie word daar onder meer gepoog om, deur die toepassing van nuwe vertaalteorieë soos dié van Christiane Nord en Lawrence Venuti, en deur die illustrasie van die teorieë se toepasbaarheid, daartoe by te dra dat dié teorieë meer in China aanvaar word. Die skoposteorie en die konsepte domestikering (‘domestication’) en vervreemding (‘foreignisation’) verteenwoordig die vernaamste vertaalteorieë waarop hierdie tesis berus. Ter aanvang van die studie word die hipotese gestel dat die vertalers ’n domestikerende inslag aan die Engelse teks gegee het. Dit word gebaseer op die mening van Venuti wat glo dat die meerderheid Engelse vertalings ’n domestikerende weergawe van die oorspronklike teks verteenwoordig. Die twee primêre probleemstellings wat in hierdie studie gestel word, lui soos volg: Wat is die dominante vertaalstrategie wat deur die vertalers aangewend word? Vervul hierdie strategie die skopos (met ander woorde die doelstellings van die vertaling)? Die studie doen voorts ook voorstelle vir ’n verbeterde vertaling aan die hand en stel ook ’n meer effektiewe vertaalstrategie op grond van die skopos voor. Verder stel die studie ook vas of die tweetalige format inderdaad gepas is om die bestaande skopos te verwesenlik. Volgens die nota van die uitgewer, is die doel van hierdie Chinees-Engelse weergawe van The true story of Ah Q om dié moderne Chinese klassieke werk as ’n belangrike Chinese literêre teks daar te stel. Die primêre doelstelling van die vertaling is om lesers ’n ware ervaring te gee van die omvattendheid van die Chinese kultuur. Die sekondêre doelstellings van die vertaling fokus op die aanleer van taal, sowel as op die pragmatiese waarde daarvan vir vertalers (naamlik om die vertaling as voorbeeld te neem vir toekomstige vertalings). Hierdie ondersoek sal bepaal of die vertaling wel hierde doelstellings vervul het. Die vertaalteorieë waarop die analise in hierdie tesis berus, word in die literatuurstudie (hoofstuk 2) aangebied. Dit verskaf die basis vir die vergelyking tussen die Chinese .bronteks en die Engelsedoelteks, die evaluering van die vertaling, en die daaropvolgende gevolgtrekkings. Hoofstuk 3 en 4 handel oor die toepassing van die teorie, en is verdeel in die analise van die makro- en mikrostruktuur onderskeidelik. Besluite ten opsigte van die vertaling word op hierdie twee vlakke, en op grond van die teoretiese insigte wat in hoofstuk 2 aangebied word, gëevalueer. Dit is hierdie hoofstukke wat die basis vorm vir die navorsingsresultate van hierdie tesis. In gevalle waar verbeterings vir die vertaling aangebied word, word voorstelle op grond van die relevante teoretiese insigte gegee en gemotiveer. Die slothoofstuk (hoofstuk 5) beantwoord die navorsingsvrae in groter detail en is gebaseer op die afsonderlike analises in hoofstuk 3 en 4. Motiverings vir die antwoorde op hierdie vrae word gebaseer op die vertaalteorieë van veral Nord en Venuti. Hierdie antwoorde, sowel as die voorstelle ter verbetering van die vertaling, is die primêre bydrae van hierdie tesis tot vertaalstudie in die algemeen. Ten slotte word voorstelle vir verdere navorsing gemaak om só verdere ondersoeke oor Engelse vertalings wat in China geproduseer word, te stimuleer.
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Lam, Chou I. "A descriptive study of how culture-specific terms are glossed in a Chinese translation of Angels and Demons." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2586620.
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Leng, Si Wan. "On the translations of the Macau World Heritage publicity." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1943401.
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Emami, Mohammad. "The dynamics of literary translation : a case study from English to Persian." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5955.
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This thesis aims to elucidate the translation process by devising a way of retrieving evidence of this process from its output. It further aims to assess the claims made by some scholars concerning the possible existence of Translation Universals. In order to isolate the interaction of texts and contexts, a corpus of American short stories was created, with their translations into Persian published after the 1979 Revolution. Three complementary methodologies gave a rounded picture: (1) Corpus-based Descriptive Translation Studies; (2) The pragmatic and rhetorically-based approach of Thinking Translation devised at St Andrews; and (3) The analytical framework mostly established by Halliday in his Systemic Functional Grammar. Approaching the process of translation in the specific order devised in this thesis provided four vantage points to analyse the data in a systematic way from linguistic, discourse, cultural and literary views before reaching what are at once the most personal and most characteristic aspects of a translator's work. The research begins with a literature review of the field and an account of linguistic constraints and of all Translation Universals hypothesised so far, followed by an extensive analysis of data in two consecutive chapters. With reference to the choices made in this corpus, it is discussed in the Conclusions chapter that most of the Translation Universals so far claimed are not in fact universal. It is the role of the translator which has emerged as the determining factor in producing a translated text, and thus as the key to resolving the issues explored in this thesis. It seems there are no constraints beyond the translator's reach, and there are no parameters which do not involve the translator, who introduces his or her own choices, or manipulates certain parameters. Only when they have done so, will the translation, as both process and product, be accomplished.