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1

Durling, Richard J. "The Anonymous Translation of Aristotle's De Generatione et Corruptione (Translatio Vetus)." Traditio 49 (1994): 320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s036215290001309x.

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The editor of the Translatio Vetus, Joanna Judycka, remarks of the anonymous translator that he knew his métier. Indeed, the translation, apart from some minor omissions, is extremely competent. Some of its various features mentioned by Dr. Judycka are, in fact, common to many medieval translations from the Greek into Latin; for example, the confusion of the present and future, the rendering of ἄν with the optative by utique with the future indicative, and the handling of the all-pervasive articular infinitive (so common and important in scientific prose). Nor are the discrepancies in number and degree characteristic of any one author or school. Only a detailed analysis of the translator's Sprachgebrauch, such as L. Minio-Paluello contemplated before his death, can reveal the identity of the translator.
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2

Gotman, Kélina. "Translatio." Performance Research 21, no. 5 (September 2, 2016): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13528165.2016.1223437.

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3

Coldiron, A. E. B. "Translatio, Translation, and Charles d'Orléans's Paroled Poetics." Exemplaria 8, no. 1 (January 1996): 169–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/exm.1996.8.1.169.

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4

Margala, Miriam. "The Unbearable Torment of Translation: Milan Kundera, Impersonation, and The Joke." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 1, no. 3 (March 18, 2011): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9c62h.

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Milan Kundera, a Czech émigré writer, living in Paris and now writing in French, is (in)famous for his tight and obsessive authorial control. He has said many times that he did not trust translators to translate his works accurately and faithfully. The various translations of his novel Žert (The Joke) exemplify this point. The novel has been translated into English, French, and many other languages more than once, depending on Kundera’s dissatisfaction with a particular translation (which, at first, he would support). Thus, there followed a cascade of translations (namely in French and English) as Kundera would eventually become dissatisfied even with the latest “definitive” translated version. As he famously says in an interview regarding the 1968 French translation of Žert, “rage seized me”. From then on, Kundera showed displeasure at any translator who, however briefly, would impersonate the author and take some license in translating Kundera’s work. Further, Kundera decided that only his full authorial involvement in the process would ascertain “the same authenticity” of his translations as the original Czech works. Kundera thus becomes the omnipresent, omnipotent author, himself impersonating God controlling his own creation. Finally, Kundera takes extreme measures and translates Žert into French himself. The resulting translation surprised many – editing changes are plentiful but apparent only to those who can compare the original Czech text with Kundera’s own translation. Kundera’s stance is conflicting, as he denies creativity to other translators but as the auto-translator, Kundera freely rewrites, rather than just retranslates, his own works. By exploring the convoluted and complex history of translations of Kundera’s works, I will try to illuminate the reasons behind Kundera’s posture. I will support my discussion by analyzing not only well known Kundera’s statements, but also those less quoted which, as I have discovered, are rather crucial to understanding Kundera’s position.
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Curbet Soler, Joan. "Translatio: Foreword." Medievalia 16 (February 5, 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/medievalia.131.

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6

Wyatt, William F. "Translatio mea." Journal of Modern Greek Studies 8, no. 2 (1990): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2010.0230.

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7

Movsesian, Arpi. "The Poetics of Schism: Dostoevsky Translates Hamlet." Humanities 9, no. 3 (September 12, 2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9030111.

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F.M. Dostoevsky (1821–1881) never translated Shakespeare’s works into Russian, at least not in the common sense. His fascination, however, with Hamlet and his choices, led him to interrogate the cult of Hamlet in his own culture to better understand the political and philosophical schism of the nineteenth-century Russian intelligentsia, torn between Western and Populist ideals. Translatio, in the broader sense of “carrying over” Hamlet’s character, caught on a threshold, into the Russian context represents an important aspect of Dostoevsky’s re-interpretation of modern ethics. More immediately, this translatio is a call to the “old morality” of the 1840s generation of Russian intellectuals, who rejected notions of rational egoism and of the means justifying the ends. Dostoevsky’s schismatic hero, Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov in Crime and Punishment, is Dostoevsky’s reimagining of his own culture’s translation of Hamlet that produced extreme and radical forms of Hamlet. Raskolnikov mimics Hamlet’s conscience-stricken personality at war with itself but achieves a more ambiguous ending typical of Dostoevsky’s regenerative paradigm.
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8

Bartsch, Shadi. "Roman Literature: Translation, Metaphor & Empire." Daedalus 145, no. 2 (April 2016): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00373.

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The Romans understood that translation entails transformation. The Roman term “translatio” stood not only literally for a carrying-across (as by boat) of material from one country to another, but also (metaphorically) for both linguistic translation and metaphorical transformation. These shared usages provide a lens on Roman anxieties about their relationship to Greece, from which they both transferred and translated a literature to call their own. Despite the problematic association of the Greeks with pleasure, rhetoric, and poetic language, the Roman elite argued for the possibility of translation and transformation of Greek texts into a distinctly Roman and authoritative mode of expression. Cicero's hope was that eventually translated Latin texts would replace the Greek originals altogether. In the end, however, the Romans seem to have felt that effeminacy had the last laugh.
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9

Ziganshina, Liliya Eugenevna, Ekaterina V. Yudina, Azat I. Gabdrakhmanov, and Juliane Ried. "Assessing Human Post-Editing Efforts to Compare the Performance of Three Machine Translation Engines for English to Russian Translation of Cochrane Plain Language Health Information: Results of a Randomised Comparison." Informatics 8, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics8010009.

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Cochrane produces independent research to improve healthcare decisions. It translates its research summaries into different languages to enable wider access, relying largely on volunteers. Machine translation (MT) could facilitate efficiency in Cochrane’s low-resource environment. We compared three off-the-shelf machine translation engines (MTEs)—DeepL, Google Translate and Microsoft Translator—for Russian translations of Cochrane plain language summaries (PLSs) by assessing the quantitative human post-editing effort within an established translation workflow and quality assurance process. 30 PLSs each were pre-translated with one of the three MTEs. Ten volunteer translators post-edited nine randomly assigned PLSs each—three per MTE—in their usual translation system, Memsource. Two editors performed a second editing step. Memsource’s Machine Translation Quality Estimation (MTQE) feature provided an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered estimate of how much editing would be required for each PLS, and the analysis feature calculated the amount of human editing after each editing step. Google Translate performed the best with highest average quality estimates for its initial MT output, and the lowest amount of human post-editing. DeepL performed slightly worse, and Microsoft Translator worst. Future developments in MT research and the associated industry may change our results.
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10

Merkoulova, Inna. "La traduction franco-russe d’un point de vue sémiotique." Punctum. International Journal of Semiotics 06, no. 01 (October 16, 2020): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18680/hss.2020.0014.

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The article will focus on our personal experience in Russian translation of the reference book by French semioticians Algirdas Julien Greimas and Jacques Fontanille on the semiotics of passions. In particular, possible translative variations of terms relating to passions such as ‘umbrage’ with no exact analogue in Russian have been discussed with one of the authors, Jacques Fontanille. According to Umberto Eco, for a theory of translation, not only may it be necessary to examine many examples of translation, but also to have had at least one of the following three experiences: in checking translations by others, in translating, and in being translated - or better still, in being translated in collaboration with one’s translator. We will also present Yuri Lotman’s semiosphere, being especially interested in the French translation of concepts such as ‘unpredictability.’ The experience of written scientific translation, on the one hand, and experience in the international cultural sphere, on the other hand, will allow us to put forward some hypotheses about the importance of intersemiotic translation.
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11

Ellerman, David. "Translatio versus Concessio." Politics & Society 33, no. 3 (September 2005): 449–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329205278463.

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12

Wysocki, Marcin. "Biblia i nadzieja na jej dobre tłumaczenie." Vox Patrum 69 (December 16, 2018): 721–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3283.

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In the above article, based on the correspondence of St. Jerome and St. Augustine, there has been shown how these two outstanding the Bible experts, translators and interpreters understood the principles used in its translation. In three parts – entitled: Work, Man, Way – the importance and significance of the Bible and its translations, above all the Septuagint, the tasks and features of the man who translates, the methods and ways of translating were shown. Both of them in their letters indicated: the necessity of an exceptional and proper ap­proach to the Holy Scriptures, a good preparation of the translator and the use of a method that would be appropriate to the translated piece: in the case of the Bible – a beautiful translation preserving the arrangement of the words of the inspired Scriptures; and in the case of non-canonical pieces – expressing the thoughts using the rules of the language into which the work is translated.
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Fitriah, Nauval, and Moch Syarif Hidayatullah. "The Use of Semantic Translation Method in Ḍau’u al-Misbāh fī Bayāni Ahkāmi al-Nikāh." ALSUNIYAT: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Arab 3, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/alsuniyat.v3i2.26440.

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This study was aimed at investigating the use of semantic translation method in the translation of the Ḍau’u al-Misbāh fī Bayāni Ahkāmi al-Nikāh by K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari. A descriptive qualitative method was used in this study. After translating the data objects, the analysis process was carried out by describing the use of semantic translation method applied to translate the text. The results of this study revealed that semantic translation method used in translating Ḍau’u al-Misbāh fī Bayāni Ahkāmi al-Nikāh was an effective method to use in translating such classical texts, in which it eases the translator to produce translations that are acceptable in the target language (TL), easy to understand, and as closely as possible with the meaning of the sourch language (SL), and help the translator to preserve the writer's ideas.
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14

Katbayeva, G. "TRANSLATION OF SUSTAINABLE WORD COMBINATIONS IN THE BOOK OF WORDS BY ABAI KUNANBAEV INTO CHINESE LANGUAGE." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 72, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-7804.102.

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This article describes the translation into Chinese of phraseological units in «The book of words», which are the treasury of moral, philosophical, socio-political and intellectual-satirical thoughts of the greatest figure of Kazakh enlighteners, a brilliant poet and thinker, AbayKunanbaev. There are many mistakes when translating phraseological units in Abay's words of wisdom into foreign languages. There are several types. Firstly, when the translator perceives phraseological units as a lexical unit in the literal sense, and not as stable phrases, and translates them literally. Secondly, he is faced with the problem of selecting an equivalent in the target language. Thirdly, linguistic units used in a figurative sense are perceived as phraseological and are translated as so. In such cases, it we cannot say that the translation correctly conveys the content, meaning and artistic features of the original. The basic requirement is that the translator should strive to translate the phraseological units of the original text using the phraseological units of the target language.
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15

Spalding, Steven. "Transatlantic Translatio." Variations 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/85605_131.

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16

Barrington, Candace. "Hypertranslation and translatio studii." postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies 8, no. 3 (August 22, 2017): 376–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41280-017-0060-4.

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17

Galle, G. "The Anonymous Translator of the Translatio vetus of De sensu." Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale 50 (January 2008): 105–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.bpm.3.593.

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18

Halimah, Halimah. "COMPARISON OF HUMAN TRANSLATION WITH GOOGLE TRANSLATION OF IMPERATIVE SENTENCES IN PROCEDURES TEXT." BAHTERA : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 17, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/bahtera.171.2.

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AbstractThis study aims to analyze the similarity between human translation and machine translation to translate procedural text. This research uses Content Analysis approach (Content Analysis). The analysis was performed on English procedural text on a "VIXAL Lebih Wangi" cleanliness product translated into Indonesian by Nia Kurniawati (representing human translation). Meanwhile Google translation is used to represent machine translation. The study of the equations compared in this study is from the aspect of the phrase and the meaning of the whole sentence in the results of the two translations. The result of the discussion shows that the equation between human translation and machine translation in translating procedural text is low, i.e 29%. Machine translation still requires manpower to produce better translations. Keywords: equality aspect, human translation, machine translation, text procedure
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19

Arsiwela. "AN ANALYSIS ON THE TRANSLATION OF REPETITIVE INDONESIAN ADJECTIVE INTO ENGLISH." Journal of Language and Literature 7, no. 1 (2019): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.2001.

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The function of translation is to convey meaning or message from source language text into target language text. However, in translating, the translator will face some problems, for example is the translation of repetitive Indonesian adjectives. This study investigates how repetitive Indonesian adjectives are translated into English. Indonesian has repetitive adjectives such as tinggi-tinggi, cantik-cantik, and jauh-jauh and the English translation of the repetition is not tall-tall, beautiful-beautiful, and far-far respectively. The method applied in this study is qualitative descriptive method. The data will be categorized and classified and then analyzed in accordance with the principle, translation strategies, and relevant theories. The result of the study shows that literal translation strategy and transposition strategy are the most frequent strategy used by the translator. Some of them are translated in the different form grammatically but the meaning of the message in source language is well maintained into the target language. The principle of translation employed by the translator to translate Indonesian repetitive adjective is meaning.
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Amilia, Ika Kartika, and Darmawan Eko Yuwono. "A STUDY OF THE TRANSLATION OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE." LINGUA : JURNAL ILMIAH 16, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35962/lingua.v16i2.50.

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ABSTRACT This study is intended to analyze errors made by Google Translate in translating Eliza Riley’s Return to Paradise short story. The method is qualitative descriptive. The data are collected by comparing the translation of Google Translate with that of a professional translator. The errors are analyzed based on Mossop’s revision parameters. The findings show that Google Translate failed to recognize idiomatic expressions which caused fatal errors in the target text; errors in word choice that caused word translated out of context; and illogical sentence at the target text caused by cultural difference. As a conclusion, Google Translate may be useful to help translate few words, phrase, and particular sentence in general, and also gives a general comprehension in translating text. However, it may not give an adequate result as a fine translation product. Keyword: google translate, error analysis, Mossop’s revision parameters
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Bolduc, Michelle. "Translation and Translatio in the New Rhetoric Project’s Rediscovery of Rhetoric." Advances in the History of Rhetoric 22, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15362426.2019.1671701.

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Chobanyan, Nare. "Conceptual Adequacy in Legal Translation." Armenian Folia Anglistika 13, no. 1-2 (17) (October 16, 2017): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2017.13.1-2.155.

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The aim of the present article is to provide an overview of the main difficulties encountered by legal translators, and work out some practical solutions so that the translator could provide an adequate translation in compliance with the norms of the target legal system. Legal translations raise very complex theoretical and practical problems and, therefore, an interdisciplinary comparative approach to the two legal systems and languages should be manifested by specialized translators. This study demonstrates that despite the common assumption that legal translations are literal, they may be translated differently depending on the context and aim of its translation. When translating a legal document, one is thus faced with the challenge of providing a translation that makes a legal as well as linguistic sense. Consequently, a translator can provide an accurate translation only if he/she has an understanding of the SL and the TL legal systems.
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Chobanyan, Nare. "Conceptual Adequacy in Legal Translation." Armenian Folia Anglistika 14, no. 1-2 (18) (October 15, 2018): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2018.14.1-2.085.

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The aim of the present article is to provide an overview of the main difficulties encountered by legal translators, and work out some practical solutions so that the translator could provide an adequate translation in compliance with the norms of the target legal system. Legal translations raise very complex theoretical and practical problems and, therefore, an interdisciplinary comparative approach to the two legal systems and languages should be manifested by specialized translators. This study demonstrates that despite the common assumption that legal translations are literal, they may be translated differently depending on the context and aim of its translation. When translating a legal document, one is thus faced with the challenge of providing a translation that makes a legal as well as linguistic sense. Consequently, a translator can provide an accurate translation only if he/she has an understanding of the SL and the TL legal systems.
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24

Pamungkas, Muhammad Ersan. "TRANSLATION METHODS IN POLITICAL SPEECHES: A CASE STUDY OF ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO’S INAUGURAL ADDRESS." Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya 10, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v10i2.289.

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<p>Translating political speeches poses its own challenges and difficulties, with one of the reasons being the fact that political speeches have their own unique features. Translation of political speech is also arguably still underresearched in translation studies. It is for this reason that this paper seeks to investigate translation method(s) that can be used to translate political speeches. The data source of this paper is the English translation<br />of an inaugural address of President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo produced by a professional Australian translator. The speech was translated from Indonesian as the source language (SL) to English as the target language (TL). Appropriate translation methods are obviously needed to produce a higher quality political speech translation. This research applies the concept of translation methods proposed by Newmark (1988). This is a qualitative research with a comparative conceptual method. Results show that the<br />translation methods adopted when translating the inaugural address are semantic and communicative translation methods. Semantic translation method is the most dominant one, followed by communicative translation method. Semantic translation method was used to translate the body part of the speech, while communicative translation method was used to translate the opening part and the closing part of the speech. These two<br />methods are considered appropriate for translating this political speech.</p>
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Aziz, Zulfadli A. "Theoretical and practical reviews of the Indonesian translated “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone” novel." Studies in English Language and Education 2, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v2i2.2695.

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This paper investigates the results of translation of the English novel “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone” into Indonesian. The Indonesian version of the novel was compared with the English original one to find the translation practices used by the translator. The translation was analysed by focusing on the strategies the translator used in translating the text from the Second Language into the Target Language. It was found that the translator of the novel used four strategies: foreignization and domestication, cultural equivalences, zero-translation, and pragmatic translation. Furthermore, the cultural differences and new words which were created by the original author were the most difficult ones to find equivalences for in Indonesian. The translator tended to use original words from the source text un-translated into the TL. As a result, the target text does not read smoothly, or naturally, and may sound “foreign” to readers. It is suggested that translators should attempt to translate literary works by applying proper translation theory and practice.
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Bogaards, Paul, Elisabeth van der Linden, Tom de Wolf, and Lydius Nienhuis. "Polysemie En Vertaling In Een Vreemde Taal." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 50 (January 1, 1994): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.50.13bog.

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In this article we address the question whether polysemous words are more difficult to translate than monosemous words. If the two different meanings of a polysemous word have to be translated by two different words in the target language, the translator wil have to select the right one. We hypothesized that this choice would make the translation of polysemous words a more demanding task. In our investigation we operationalized the notion of difficulty in terms of response time: Does it take more time to translate polysemous words than to translate comparable monosemous words? We created an experimental setting permitting the measurement in milliseconds of the oral translation of words presented in small disambiguating contexts on a monitor. The experimental material consisted of polysemous words and the same number of monosemous words, which were comparable, by matching, in frequency and meaning. The results of our investigation induced us to adjust our hypothesis: Not all meanings of polysemous words seem to be more difficult to translate than monosemous words. The results showed that the more frequent meanings of the polysemous words were translated at about the same rate as their monosemous counterparts, whereas the translation of the less frequent ones took significantly more time than the translation of the comparable monosemous words. Probably, while translating a polysemous word, the translator goes straight to the translation of the most frequent meaning; when he sees that this translation doesn't fit in the given context, he continues his search for the translation that will fit better in the context.
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Mohapatra, Himansu S. "English against Englishing: The Case of an Early English Translation of an Oriya Novel1." TTR 23, no. 1 (November 10, 2010): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/044931ar.

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Successive translations of a text mirror the shifting translatory practices of a culture. Paradigms for/of translation can be tracked by following the trajectory of these translations. Usually, however, the “translative turn” is read off from the latest in the series of translations inspired by a text. It is the other way round with the translated Oriya novel, Fakir Mohan Senapati’s Chhamana Athaguntha (1902), which is an exception to this developmentalist rule. An early English translation of the novel titled The Stubble under the Cloven Hoof (1967), produced by C.V.N. Das, shows a highly visible and active translator. In this Das uses English to counter the Englishing tendencies that are the inevitable end result of his attempt, as he says, at “rechristening” a vernacular tale. This essay demonstrates this and also explains the related phenomenon of the foregrounding of the task of the translator.
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Afiah, Devi Siti. "CHILDRENS’ BILINGUAL STORY BOOK ANALYSIS USING SHIFT AND LITERAL TRANSLATION." Caruban: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan Dasar 1, no. 1 (May 7, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/caruban.v1i1.1177.

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AbstractThis reseach aims to know how many shift technique and literal methode used in translating childrens’ billingual story book, entititled: Munch!Munch!Munch! publisher Erlangga Kids. To analyze this research, the reseacher used a descriptive qualitative method. Using documents as the data, it taken from the book entittled Munch!, Munch!, Munch! Consists of 28 sentences, then each sentence analyzed using shift technique and literal methode. The results are found 19 shift and 12 literal. Based on the results above, it shows that the translator has tried to translate this book seriously. It means she/he tried getting meaning of source language readable and natural. Unfortunately, the translator is still inconsistent in choosing meaning of target language. E.g there are some plural words but only a few of plural that translated in plural too. There is the singular word but transaltor translate it to plural. In my opinion, the writer who involve the translator (only has english knowlede does not has transaltion knowldge) should learn translation materials. It will help her/him to make good translating. It means the translator will find the meaning in source language more readable, natural and accurate. Keywords: Billingual story; Children’s book; Literal; Shift; Translation.
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Karjo, Clara Herlina, and Ecclesia Metta. "The Translation of Lexical Collocations in Undergraduate Students’ Theses’ Abstract: Students Versus Google Translate." Lingua Cultura 13, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v13i4.6067.

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This research intended to compare the translations of lexical collocations found in the abstract section of students’ theses. The purposes were to find out the errors in translating lexical collocation either by Google Translate or student translator. The data were taken from twenty working papers of English Literature students at Binus University. The abstracts of these theses (in English and Indonesian) were then processed with Google Translate. Thus, there were four sets of data to analyze: (1) Students’ Text in Indonesian (STI), (2) Google Translate of STI in English (GTE), (3) Students’ Text in English (STE), and (4) Google Translate of STE in Indonesian (GTI). From the data, samples of collocations were taken and categorized based on Hill’s classification of lexical collocations. The lexical collocations found in the four sets of data were scrutinized, compared, and analyzed to find the errors in forms and meaning as well as in the translation. The results reveal that errors in translating collocations are mostly made by Google Translate rather than the students. This research implies that Google Translate still needs improvement in translating collocations, but it is also possible that translation errors occur because of students’ misuse of collocation.
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Burnett, Charles. "Meteorologica. Translatio Guillelmi de Morbeka." Annals of Science 68, no. 4 (January 6, 2011): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00033790903428818.

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31

Astell, Ann W. "The Translatio of Chaucer's Pardoner." Exemplaria 4, no. 2 (January 1992): 411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/exm.1992.4.2.411.

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32

Garcia, Ignacio. "Is machine translation ready yet?" Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2010): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.22.1.02gar.

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The default option of the Google Translator Toolkit (GTT), released in June 2009, is to “pre-fill with machine translation” all segments for which a ‘no match’ has been returned by the memories, while the Settings window clearly advises that “[m]ost users should not modify this”. To confirm whether this approach indeed benefits translators and translation quality, we designed and performed tests whereby trainee translators used the GTT to translate passages from English into Chinese either entirely from the source text, or after seeding of empty segments by the Google Translate engine as recommended. The translations were timed, and their quality assessed by independent experienced markers following Australian NAATI test criteria. Our results show that, while time differences were not significant, the machine translation seeded passages were more favourably assessed by the markers in thirty three of fifty six cases. This indicates that, at least for certain tasks and language combinations—and against the received wisdom of translation professionals and translator trainers—translating by proofreading machine translation may be advantageous.
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Choy Wan, Samantha Yap, Adeela Abu Bakar, Mansour Amini, and Shameem Rafik-Galea. "Problems and Solutions in English Translations of Malay Short Stories." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (December 30, 2018): 1158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1158.1166.

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The Malay stories of Pelanduk yang Bijak, Peniup Seruling and Seuncang Padi were translated to English, and analysed to identify the translation problems. The procedures were also investigated to find solutions for the problems using translation procedures as the framework for data analysis. After the translation of the stories, the source and target texts were analysed to identify problems and procedures. The findings of the study indicated two types of problems in the Malay-English translations of the stories; structural or semantic problems, and problems arising from cultural differences. Among various translation procedures used in the translations, literal translation was the most common procedure in the translation of the Malay stories. The findings from translations and the analyses in this study could be utilised in translator and interpreter training classrooms. Finding solutions to the translation problems could improve translators’ ability to better theorise while translating, and thus produce “good” translations, particularly in the translation of literary works from Malay to English. This study could have pedagogical significance, as the Malay short stories contain moral lessons by which Malay culture could be further introduced and “exported” to the English-speaking audience through literature.
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Alhassan, Awad, Yasser Muhammad Naguib Sabtan, and Lamis Omar. "Using Parallel Corpora in the Translation Classroom: Moving towards a Corpus-driven Pedagogy for Omani Translation Major Students." Arab World English Journal 12, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol12no1.4.

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Research has shown that parallel corpora have potential benefits for translator training and education. Most of the current available Arabic corpora, modern standard or dialectical, are monolingual in nature and there is an apparent lack in the Arabic-English parallel corpora for translation classroom. The present study was aimed to investigate the translation problems encountered by Omani translation major students when translating from Arabic into English with a view to proposing some corpus-informed pedagogy approach for training student translators to overcome these challenges by looking at some model samples of professional translation. Thirty students voluntarily took part in the investigation. The study adopted a combination of both corpus and qualitative methodology whereby some typical problems students would encounter when translating from Arabic-into-English were selected along with some specific Arabic texts involving these problems were prepared and the participants were asked to translate them into English. The participants were provided with some samples of the parallel English translated texts and were asked to compare and contrast their translations with these samples and reflect on the overall experience. They were then interviewed to explore their impressions about and the extent to which they think that parallel corpora would help them improve their translation. Results of data analysis indicated that the participants experienced several translation challenges. They, however, showed an overall positive attitude towards parallel Arabic-English corpora as they reportedly found them very helpful in improving their translation. Pedagogical implications for corpus-informed translation teaching, training and materials design and development are presented and discussed.
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Syahrefi, Namira Fauzia, and Abdul Muta’ali. "AN ANALYSIS OF TERM SARIYYAH IN THE TRANSLATION OF THE BOOK TITLED NURUL YAQIN FI SIRAH SAYYIDIL MURSALIN (2010) BY SHEIKH MUHAMMAD AL-KHUDHARIY." Arabi : Journal of Arabic Studies 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v6i1.313.

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This paper presents the analysis of the translation of the term sariyyah in the book “Nurul Yaqin Fi Sirah Sayyidil Mursalin” by Sheikh Muhammad Al-Khudhari. The translator of this book does not translate the term sariyyah. This translating process is called foreignization, the opposite of localization. The data was taken from the book “Nurul Yaqin Fi Sirah Sayyidil Mursalin” by Sheikh Muhammad Al-Khudhari which was published by Dar El Hadits, Cairo in 2010, with a total of 270 pages and its Indonesian translation book entitled “Nurul Yaqin Sirah Nabi Muhamad Pemimpin Para Rasul” (Nurul Yaqin The Biography of Muhammad PBUH, Leader of the Apostles). The word sariyyah is repeated 45 times in the Arabic book and 46 times in the Indonesian translated book. The researcher used the descriptive analysis method with the Peter New Mark translation procedure approach using the V diagram translation theory. The analysis results prove that the word sariyyah is not translated because the translator is doubtful about the appropriate sariyyah word matching in Indonesian.
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Napitupulu, Sependi. "On Translating Prepositions from English into Indonesian: A Case Study of Indonesian EFL Students." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 3 (June 24, 2017): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i3.11442.

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This study attempts to investigate errors in translating prepositions from English into Indonesian language by Undergraduate students at the Methodist University Indonesia, Medan. A total of 20 students in the Department of English Literature, Faculty of English Letters were involved in this study. Forty sentences containing English prepositions were translated by the students. The translations were then compared with the Indonesian equivalence in order to find out the quality of their translation. In order to measure the quality of preposition translation, three categories were referred to, namely: correct translation, correct with revision translation, and incorrect translation. Having analyzed the data, it revealed that most of the students failed to translate complex prepositions such as phrasal verbs. However, most students successfully translated simple prepositions such as noun prepositions and adjective prepositions. From 100% correct translation expected of students, only 44.37% of the total correct translation of prepositions committed by students. While correct with revision, from 100% correct translation with revision expected of students, only 41.75% of the total correct translation that need revision is produced by students. In the meantime, 13.75% of the total incorrect translation is produced by students. It was concluded that students tend to face problems in translating prepositional verbs as they are rarely used by and unfamiliar to students.
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Tiwiyanti, Leni, and Ayu Bandu Retnomurti. "Loss and Gain in Translation of Culture-Specific Items in Ahmad Tohari’s Lintang Kemukus: A Semantic Study." Lingua Cultura 11, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v11i1.1820.

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Culture-specific items (CSIs) are difficult to translate since they are related to cultural knowledge and cultural background of the given culture. The distance and differences between two different cultures determine the extent of the gain or loss that will be exprienced by the CSIs as they are translated. From Indonesian into English The purposes of this research were to identify the translation procedures applied in translating CSIs which caused loss and gained in the translation process and to identify how the translator compensated the loss in translating CSIs. The method used was qualitative descriptive method. The result shows that loss is more prevalent than gain although the translator has enough knowledge on the source text culture as he has spent some years doing some researches in Banyumas society. There are two kinds of losses found in this research; inevitable and avertable losses. Translation procedures used which result in loss in translation are translation by a more general word (subordinate), translation by a more neutral/less expressive word and translation by cultural substitution. Gain is realized mostly through the creativity of the translator when they are able to explain the culture-specific items for effectivecommunication. In order to compensate the loss that might have occurred, translator uses some translation procedures. They are translation by loan word with explanation, translation by paraphrase using related word, and translation by paraphrase using unrelated word. In short, gain in translation for better communication is not easy to achieve especially in the case oftranslating CSIs.
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AbuSa'aleek, Atef Odeh. "The Adequacy and Acceptability of Machine Translation in Translating the Islamic Texts." International Journal of English Linguistics 6, no. 3 (May 26, 2016): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v6n3p185.

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<p>Islamic translation is considered as a special distinguished sub-discipline of applied linguistics. It is one of the most important areas of translation because it carries the values and eternal message. Through the history, the first translation work was of religious books. This study attempts to evaluate the adequacy and acceptability of four machine translation (MT) systems (World lingo, Babylon translation, Google translate, Bing translator) in translating the Islamic texts. In addition, it aims to evaluate the Islamic translation outputs based on functional characteristics (accuracy, suitability, and well-formedness) and sub-characteristics (syntax, terminology, reliability, and fidelity). The findings indicted that Google Translate System is the most adequate and acceptable among the other three systems (World lingo, Babylon translation, Bing translator) in translating the Islamic texts. The findings also revealed that Google Translate is acceptable in producing Islamic translation outputs in regard to the following functional characteristics (accuracy, suitability, and well-formedness) and sub-characteristics (syntax, terminology, reliability and fidelity) due to Google Translate advancement.</p><strong></strong>
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Rahmawati, Maya, and Sidik Indra Nugraha. "Peranan Keterampilan Membaca pada Proses Prapenerjemahan dalam Mencapai Kesepadanan Teks Terjemahan." Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v3i2.43.

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This study examines what strategies are most likely to be used by students when translating as well as the equivalence level of the translated texts. It aims to find out the appropriate reading strategy when translating. This study uses a qualitative paradigm because it seeks to explain a phenomenon about the choice of reading strategies used by students and the equivalence equivalence level of the translated texts. This research produces descriptive data in the form of patterns of reading strategy when students translate two different kinds of texts. In this study, data collection was carried out in two ways, namely questionnaires and translating test. Questionnaire was used to obtain data about the reading strategies chosen by students when translating. The questionnaire used is a closed type in the form of multiple choice. Each item has a different value. From the results of the analysis presented, it can be seen that most students still show a tendency to use bottom-up strategies in the process of translating. In addition, it can be seen that the choice of reading strategy can influence the results of translation. Some translations produced by students who tend to use bottom-up strategies in the translation process are not context-specific and still seem hard to read and unnatural. While around 80% of translations resulting from top-down strategies are considered acceptable because they are in accordance with the rules of the target language and sentence context. In addition, this research can also show that relying solely on one reading strategy can potentially produce erroneous translations.
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Gutbub, Christophe. "De la translation à la traduction à la lumière de la translatio imperii." Réforme, Humanisme, Renaissance 87, no. 2 (2018): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhren.087.0233.

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41

Bowker, Lynne. "Machine translation and author keywords: A viable search strategy for scholars with limited English proficiency?" Advances in Classification Research Online 29, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7152/acro.v29i1.15455.

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Author keywords are valuable for indexing articles and for information retrieval (IR). Most scientific literature is published in English. Can machine translation (MT) help researchers with limited English proficiency to search for information? We used two MT systems (Google Translate, DeepL Translator) to translate into English 71 Spanish keywords and 43 French keywords from articles in the domain of Library and Information Science. We then used the English translations to search the Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA) database. Half of the translated keywords returned relevant results. Of the half that did not, 34% were well translated but did not align with LISTA descriptors. Translation-related problems stemming from orthographic variation, synonymy, differing syntactic preferences, and semantic field coverage interfered with IR in just 16% of cases. Some of the MT errors are relatively “predictable” and if knowledge organization systems could be augmented to deal with them, then MT may prove even more useful for searching.
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42

Medendorp, Liz. "The Power of the Periphery: Reassessing Spatial Metaphors in the Ideological Positioning of the Translator." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 5, no. 1-2 (March 25, 2014): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9gs6t.

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Positionality in translation is often framed in terms of spatial metaphors, using such concepts as the “periphery,” the “in between,” and the “borderlands,” among many others. Given that the Latin root for the word “translation,” 'translatio,' means “to carry across,” this tendency to think of the translator’s position in the concrete terms of travel through physical space is not surprising. However, because the movement of information and ideas no longer requires material transportation, it may no longer be theoretically useful to approach positionality in such concrete terms, and thus a reassessment and re-contextualization of these spatial metaphors is needed. Moreover, the sociological turn’s growing awareness of the translator’s contextual embeddedness reinforces the need to re-conceptualize positionality, shifting away from notions of physical space and toward an ideological construct. Indeed, upon closer examination, these spatial metaphors often prove problematic in several ways, not the least of which being the common undertone of peripherality that readily associates translation with marginality and subjugation. This article analyzes some of the spatial metaphors commonly used in translation scholarship in order to interrogate what they can contribute to a reformulation of the translator’s position in ideological rather than spatial terms. Turning to systems theory for a more nuanced and applicable take on peripherality and centrality, translation is removed from the subordinate position associated with physical notions of the periphery and shifted instead to an ideological position as an agent of inter- and intrasystemic transfer. The translator navigates the systemic periphery, a dynamic, fluid space of intersystemic overlap and interaction, but does not remain there. The translator’s position is therefore both a shifting and powerful one, as translating the peripheral experience of confronting otherness into the centre results in the need to reformulate the Self, for the individual as well as potentially on a larger, systemic level.
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43

Guerrero, María José Hernández. "La traducción de letras de canciones en la web de aficionados Lyrics Translate.com." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 60, no. 1 (November 24, 2014): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.60.1.06her.

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This paper aims to describe a sample of community translation: the web site Lyrics Translate.com, which offers translation for lyrics. Community translation consists of the translation of a large volume of content due to the collaboration of a group of amateur translators in Internet and it is characterized by the lack of a professional who guarantees the quality of the final product. The power and reach of amateur translation is surprising. The willingness of translators to work on a project without direct financial compensation is a widespread reality. Translators are motivated by recognition from the community, a sense of accomplishment that comes from improving as a translator and from enjoyment of the material they’re translating. Using French translations into Spanish language from the web site Lyrics Translate.com, we analyze their performance and the way in which users accomplish the task of translation. With this purpose, we will address some questions such as who are the translators, why they do that, the working languages and, specially, the quality of the translated material. Little attention has been paid to this newborn phenomenon of web sites offering translations carried out by amateur translators. However, these virtual communities around translation are widely spread in the cyberspace and, what is more, these new translating practices have already become a challenge for the future of translation professional work.
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Shormani, Mohammed Q. "Does culture translate?" Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 66, no. 6 (December 4, 2020): 902–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00201.sho.

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Abstract This study strives to answer one major question: Does culture translate?, employing the translation of English proverbs into Arabic by senior students majoring in English. The study involves 30 English proverbs collected from different sources, based on three criteria, namely complete Arabic equivalence, partial Arabic equivalence and zero Arabic equivalence. These 30 proverbs were distributed to 20 randomly selected senior students as participants. The participants translated the 30 proverbs in the form of a translation test in two phases. The results of the study show that teaching the cultural aspects of the proverbs has developed and improved the participants’ translations considerably, thus providing empirical evidence that culture translates.
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Ibraheem, Anas Khalid. "Translating Hand Expressions in the Holy Qur'an." Al-Adab Journal 1, no. 137 (June 15, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i137.1088.

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Translators have long been regarding the translating of the Holy Qur'an as a polemic job. The vast majority of Muslim scholars and conservatives were objecting to any translation due to its holiness. Now, when the word translation replaced by interpretation as a norm to people, they start accepting the idea that there is a need for those who are non-Muslims or Arabs. Yet, this does not tolerate the fact that it is hard to endure for many reasons; of which its sacredness, cultural impact, linguistics inimitability, and its vivid metaphorical language. The problem of translating such a rhetorical language, which is rich of metaphorical styles, is perhaps the ultimate task for any translator. Hand expressions which are metaphorically embodying Allah (God) is a whole different problem. How to translate it? When to translate it? Is it acceptable? Do we keep it or change it into more sensible words? All these questions must be kept in mind while translating. This paper tries to answer these questions by studying "hand expressions" and its metaphorical images, analyzing the kinds of metaphor and the strategies used in the process of translation. For this purpose, three translated versions and from different periods belonging to translators having different backgrounds are examined. After analyzing the collected data, the results show how each version has translated the metaphorical images of hand expressions, the adopted kinds of metaphor, the strategies used, and how each one managed to do so and why.
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46

Mohar, Tjaša, Sara Orthaber, and Tomaž Onič. "Machine Translated Atwood: Utopia or Dystopia?" ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 17, no. 1 (May 26, 2020): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.17.1.125-141.

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Margaret Atwood’s masterful linguistic creativity exceeds the limits of ordinary discourse. Her elliptical language contributes to interpretative gaps, while the ambiguity and openness of her texts intentionally deceive the reader. The translator of Atwood’s texts therefore faces the challenge of identifying the rich interpretative potential of the original, as well as of preserving it in the target language. Witnessing the rise of artificial intelligence, a natural question arises whether a human translator could ever be replaced by a machine in translating such challenging texts. This article aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on literary machine translation by examining the translations of Atwood’s “Life Stories” generated by two neural machine translation (NMT) systems and comparing them to those produced by translation students. We deliberately chose a literary text where the aesthetic value depends mostly on the author’s personal style, and which we had presumed would be problematic to translate.
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Šmahel, František. "Translatio Studii: Praha a Lipsko 1409." AUC HISTORIA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE PRAGENSIS 56, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23365730.2016.10.

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48

Miller, Anne-Hélène. "Nicole Oresme's Cultural Translatio in Question." Digital Philology: A Journal of Medieval Cultures 7, no. 2 (2018): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dph.2019.0007.

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49

Akasoy, Anna. "Translatio Libri Albuzale de Medicinis Simplicibus." Early Science and Medicine 12, no. 1 (2007): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338207x166434.

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50

Ordanovska, Oleksandra, and Alexander Iliadi. "FEATURES OF COMPUTER TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LITERATURE INTO UKRAINIAN (on the example of texts on physics and engineering mechanics)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2019, no. 29 (November 2019): 200–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-15.

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The article is devoted to the problem of the quality of computer translation of scientific texts that today is very relevant because of intensive progress and mass using of the Systems of Computer Aid Translation. The research aim was the analysis and comparison of computer translations of English texts on physics and engineering sciences into Ukrainian with using Pereklad.online.ua, Google Translate, PROMT, Pragma. The quality comparison of the texts' computer translations took place according to the parameters taking into account syntactic features, technical adaptation of the text, and correct use of terminological vocabulary. As a result of the research it was found that Google Translate translations which are based on the statistical (phrase-based) method turned out to be better. Google Translate translations took into account the syntactic features of the text and made a little of errors in grammatical forms; the technical adaptation of the text was carried out (the use of correct mathematical records of decimal fractions, signs of mathematical actions, transliteration of units of measurement; equivalent terminological vocabulary was used etc.) unlike another online translators' translations. The following Google Translate translations were improved due to the built-in translation memory system. At the same time the analysis of the Google Translate translation of the text on physics that used terms without unambiguous equivalents in Ukrainian has showed the inability of the online translator to perform the contextual translation. So computer translators can only play a supporting role and be used as the primary translator of standard scientific and technical texts.
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