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Academic literature on the topic 'Translation equivalent'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Translation equivalent"

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Fadly, Ahmad. "IDEOLOGI DALAM PENERJEMAHAN BUDAYA: ANALISIS PADA NOVEL TERJEMAHAN “NEGERI 5 MENARA” KARYA AHMAD FUADI." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 2 (2016): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v16i2.4477.

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AbstractThis research aims to describe the translation procedures, methods, and ideology applied to translate novel Negeri 5 Menara,and assess the impact of the ideology on equivalence. This research is using qualitative approach and content analysis. The source of data for this research consists of documents that refer to novel Negeri 5 Menara and its translation in English. The units of analysis of this research data comprise of words, phrases, sentences, and dialogue taken from Negeri 5 Menara Ahmad Fuadi’s Work and its translation (The Land of 5 Towers) by Angie Kilbane. Findings of this research show followings. First, translation procedures were used 90 times to render Negeri 5 Menara into English. On the basis of the frequent use of each translation procedures, functional equivalent (20) appears to be first rank, followed by cultural equivalent (19), reduction and couplets (10), transference and naturalization (7), descriptive equivalent (6), notes (4), transposition (3), and modulation and compensation (2). Second, theoretically, transference and naturalisation are oriented to source language while cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, descriptive equivalen, transposition, modulation, compensation, reduction, couplets, and notes are oriented to target language. This means that the translator tended to choose adaptation, free, idiomatic, and communicative methods. Third, the use of translation procedures and the selection the translation methods tend to be based on the adoption of the ideology of domestication. Fourth, in terms of the equivalence of the translations, it was found that 80 data were accurately translated and 10 data were inaccurately translated. Therefore, the domestication ideology has a good impact to the quality of translations.Keywords: ideology of translations, translation method, translation procedure, culture.

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Jaskot, Maciej Paweł. "Equivalent Culture-Anchored Units Translation? The Phraseological Units Issue." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 16 (December 31, 2016): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2016.006.

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Equivalent Culture-Anchored Units Translation? The Phraseological Units IssueThis article examines a question that has been of long-standing interest to linguists working in the fields of cross-linguistic phraseology and the translation of idiosyncratic language units, such as phraseological units (PUs). The challenge of translating PUs, which are understood as "patterns sanctioned by a given culture", involves the translation of culturemes. Therefore, a good translator must be able to assess the importance of the elements containing cultural references in the source language while "moving" them to the target language. When translating PUs, it is desirable that interlingual (cross-linguistic) equivalence be achieved. The fact that translations of a PU can be very different (the translator can paraphrase the text, creatively change it, or simply eliminate the PU) implies that the translational equivalence of PUs must be functional. While a cross-linguistic comparison (and the achievement of translational equivalence) of PUs can be made by omitting the form parameter, it is desirable to preserve the extension and semantic structure, the connotative-pragmatic component, and the phrase combinatorics. Ekwiwalencja jedostek "kulturowo zakotwiczonych"? Kwestia jednostek frazeologicznychArtykuł porusza zagadnienie, które od kilkudziesięciu lat cieszy się zainteresowaniem językoznawców zajmujących się konfrontacją językową frazeologii oraz tłumaczeniem idiosynkratycznych jednostek językowych, takich jak jednostki frazeologiczne (JF). Wyzwaniem podczas tłumaczenia JF, rozumianych jako "wzorce sankcjonowane przez daną kulturę", jawi się konieczność tłumaczenia kulturemów. Tłumacz zatem stoi w obliczu konieczności prawidłowej oceny danego elementu pod względem jego odniesień kulturowych w języku źródłowym podczas przekładania JF na język docelowy. Podczas tłumaczenia JF pożądane jest osiągnięcie międzyjęzykowej (cross-linguistic) ekwiwalencji. Fakt, że tłumaczenie JF może być wielorakie (tłumacz może parafrazować tekst, twórczo go zmienić lub po prostu wyeliminować JF), oznacza, że ekwiwalencja przekładu JF musi być funkcjonalna. Chociaż podczas międzyjęzykowego porównania (mającego na celu osiągnięcie translacyjnej równoważności) JF ich forma jest rzeczą drugorzędną, to wskazane jest, aby zachować ich rozszerzenie znaczeniowe i strukturę semantyczną, aspekt konotacyjno-pragmatyczny oraz łączliwość.

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Al-Awawdeh, Dr Nabil. "Translation Between Creativity and Reproducing An Equivalent Original Text." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (2021): 2559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1131.

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It isn't easy to find a comprehensive definition of translation; it is described as science, art and creativity at the same time. In this sense, literary translation, especially poetry, may be considered an art and creative work as opposed to scientific or political translation, where the words can be controlled according to the translator's linguistic skills and grammatical rules. The current research discusses how translation is an art and creative work. It is what many critics and scholars have reached for the "literary genre". It is also noted how the literal translation does not give the translated text its right, artistic colour, elevation, and influence in its original language unless it’s based on translators' creativity. In this paper, our methodology is to look at literary translation as one of the most challenging types of translations, as it depends significantly on taste and the entry of the writer's imagination in the translation, whether he was a writer such as a poet, storyteller or novelist, and this in itself requires a creative spirit to be the image of translation and literary material creative artistic non-literal. Here the two-translator a writer or intellectual and professional translator differ. The latter depends on what he studied and read and what he researched in language study stages. Still, if he is also a writer or intellectual, many images and meanings will change. Yet, without prejudice to the essence of the translated text, and here even between a translator writer and another, the degree of creativity in translation varies and maybe at the same degree of different literary imagination. Finally, it is stressed that the essential in the art of translation is choosing the appropriate term so that it is easy, smooth, and light on the recipient here is a skill. The translator chooses the proper word for each material to be translated.

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Förster, Hans. "The Good News Bible: Is It Good News for the Jews? Methodological Observations on Translational Choices in GNB." Bible Translator 69, no. 3 (2018): 383–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051677018808855.

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In some cases the meaning-based approach used in the translation of the Good News Bible appears to support translational choices that strengthen or even introduce anti-Judaism in translation. There are instances where such translational choices are not required by the source text. It is possible, in the examples selected for discussion, to arrive at translations that follow the source text closely, are less anti-Jewish, and conform to the principles of a meaning-based approach. In principle, almost every translator of texts from the New Testament faces translational choices possibly introducing a note of anti-Judaism in translation. However, the meaning-based approach might disambiguate ambiguous passages in a way that introduces a stronger note of anti-Judaism (if compared to more formally equivalent translations), as one of the examples indicates.

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Anis, Dewinta Khoirul. "TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF RESPOND-TO-REQUEST IN 'THE LOST HERO' AND 'THE SON OF NEPTUNE' NOVELS." LEKSEMA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 4, no. 1 (2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ljbs.v4i1.1522.

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This research aims to analyze the translation techniques used and assess the translation quality in the form of accuracy and acceptability assessment on respond-to-request speech acts of The Lost Hero and The Son of Neptune novel series written by Rick Riordan. This research used a qualitative-descriptive method whose data sources were the novel series and two raters who had aptitudes in assessing translation quality. The methods to collect and analyze the data were content analysis and Focus Group Discussion. The study found 11 translation techniques applied in translating the respond-to-request speech acts. They were establish equivalent, variation, borrowing, modulation, amplification, adaptation, discursive creation, transposition, reduction, literal translation, and substitution. Dealing with the quality, the findings showed that most translations were accurate and acceptable. The majority of accurate translations used established equivalent technique. The less accurate translations applied modulation, amplification addition, discursive creation, literal translation and reduction whereas the inaccurate ones applied literal translation technique. Meanwhile, the majority of acceptable translations used establish equivalent and he less acceptable translations applied modulation, amplification addition, and discursive creation. Thus, this research proposes that the use of appropriate translation techniques is very important for the results of quality translation that is easily understood by the reader.

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Syahrani, Nilda Iman, Amri Tanduklangi, and Muhammad Khusnun Muhsin. "THE ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION PROCEDURES IN SUBTITLE OF “BOYCHOIR” MOVIE." Journal of Teaching English 4, no. 3 (2019): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.36709/jte.v4i3.13956.

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The purposes of this study are to anlyze the translation procedure and the way of the translator in translating the subtitle of Boychoir movie. The scope of this study is focused on the type of translation procedures in translating the subtitle movie and also analyze the way of the translator in translating the subtitle on Newmark’s (1988:81) translation procedures which the procedures consist of 18 types. The methodology of this study was qualitative research. The researcher analyzed the data descriptively and presented the analysis result in the explanation form and supported by data presented in the form of table. In analyzing the data the procedures were as follows: juxtaposing both of English and Indonesian version, identifying, analyzing and classifying, and calculating the total numbers. The translation procedures found in the subtitle of the movie were literal translation, transference, naturalisation, cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, synonymy, transpositions, modulation, reduction and expansion, couplets. Keywords: Translation, Translation procedure, Subtitle, Boychoir movie

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Aulia, Dhini. "The Application of Translation Strategies to Cope With Equivalence Problems in Translating Texts." Journal Polingua : Scientific Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Education 1, no. 1 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/polingua.v1i1.43.

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Translation is a process to render the meaning from the source text into the target text. A translator, however, will find some problems during translation process. Equivalence is the case which often appears (i.e. culture specific concept, the source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language, source-language word is semantically complex, etc). To cope with equivalnce problems in translation process, some experts suggest some strategies which can be applied in doing translation. Some strategies are transference, naturalization, cultural equivalent, etc. The strategies which often appears in the example texts in this paper are transference, naturalization, descriptive equivalent, couplet and through-translation. It is recomended that translator apply the strategies if only there is no equivalence problem in target language.

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Weliantari, Ni Ketut Suni. "Metode dan Ideologi Penerjemahan Kotowaza dalam Blog Kursus Bahasa Jepang Evergreen." Jurnal Sakura : Sastra, Bahasa, Kebudayaan dan Pranata Jepang 2, no. 2 (2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/js.2020.v02.i02.p05.

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This study is aimed at identifying the type of translation methods and their application in translating kotowaza on the Japanese Course blog Evergreen. The data were obtained by using observation method and note-taking technique. Furthermore, the analysis of the data was done by applying the translational identity method and glossing technique. The theory of translation methods by Newmark (1988) was also used in this study. The result shows that the translation of 40 kotowaza on the Japanese Course blog Evergreen use only four from eight translation methods proposed by Newmark. Based on its translation methods, the study found out that 13 data use literal translation, 9 data use adaptation, 14 data use the free translation, and 4 data use communicative translation. Kotowaza that has an equivalent in Indonesian proverb tends to be translated by using adaptation and communicative translation. However, not all kotowaza are equivalent to Indonesian proverbs with both of those methods. In this case, using literal translation is another way of translating kotowaza. Meanwhile, kotowaza which its equivalent cannot be found in Indonesian proverb is translated with literal translation or free translation. 

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Pietrzak-Porwisz, Grażyna. "MELLAN DOMESTICERING OCH EXOTISERING." Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 17, no. 1 (2015): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fsp-2015-0010.

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Abstract The present paper deals with culture-specific items as a translational problem. It is based on two Polish translations of four Swedish books from the famous detective series by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö. The aim of the study is to analyze some of the practices employed by two Polish translators against the translation methods proposed by Newmark (1988), Svane (2002) and Ingo (2009). For this purpose a number of highly specific cultural items have been collected and the methods applied by translators have been identified. The analysis has shown a big difference between translators in dealing with culture-specific items. The first translator, Maria Olszańska, adopts such translation methods as calque translation, hyperonym, functional equivalent, paraphrase and omission. The other translator, Halina Thylwe, prefers transference and calque translation combined with additional explanations, either in the main part of the text or in footnotes. The methods employed by both translators are a result of choosing between global translation strategies domestication and foreignization (Venuti 1995). Domestication, adopted in the older translations, minimizes the strangeness of the Swedish text to the Polish readers, whereas foreignization in the newer translations retains the foreignness of the original.

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Zhong, Yong. "Becoming Equivalent." Culture and Dialogue 4, no. 2 (2016): 317–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683949-12340018.

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This paper examines the introduction of “discourse” into China by looking into the different usages and interpretations of the word: what discourse currently is (话语 – a new coinage); what it used to be (语篇 – a largely superseded rendition, an assimilation); what it could be (other forms of transliteration, assimilation and Japanese-based renditions); and what it arguably should be (说力 – a new coinage). The paper discusses accordingly how Western critical concepts travel into China, how different modes of translation alter their meanings, and what translation strategy should best be employed to facilitate conceptual exchanges between the West and China. Additionally, the paper traces back a well-hidden Japanese “gene” in a majority of Chinese cultural concepts, discloses the conceptual flaws in Chinese renditions, and recommends an informed strategy for translating Western critical cultural concepts into Chinese.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Translation equivalent"

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Lei, Sin I. Cindy. "Applying the equivalent theory to a translation project :Lore of Running into Chinese." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954270.

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Rise, Gard R. "Mori Ōgai and the translation of Henrik Ibsen’s John Gabriel Borkman." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Japanska, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-31073.

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Mori Ōgai’s (1862-1922) 1909 translation and the subsequent theater production of Henrik Ibsen’s 1896 play John Gabriel Borkman was in many ways instrumental in the formation of Japanese Meiji-era shingeki theater. Through his career as a translator, Ōgai’s translation approach shifted from one of decreasingly relying on domestication techniques to staying more faithful to the source text through use of foreignization techniques and arguably towards what has been identified by Eugene Nida and Jin Di as dynamical equivalence or equivalent effect, respectively, in drama translation. In this project, Ōgai’s translation of John Gabriel Borkman is examined using a set of categories peculiar to drama translation, as proposed by Chinese scholars Xu and Cui (2011), again based on the theories of Nida and Di. The categories are intelligibility, brevity, characterization and actability. The results from the analysis are used to do a qualitative analysis of Ōgai’s approach to drama translation. Results from the study indicate that Ōgai put large emphasis on the intelligibility of the play, and perhaps over the aspects of brevity, characterization and actability. However, wherever the brevity aspect seems not to be in violation of any of the other aspects, Ōgai seems to have tried to adhere as close as possible to the source texts in terms of speaking length.

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Stočkūnaitė, Milda. "Translation of Fixed Collocations and Idioms." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130613_162826-39652.

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The object of the study is the structure and semantics of fixed collocations and idioms in the English language and their Lithuanian equivalents. The aim of the work is to research how English fixed collocations and idioms are translated into Lithuanian and what stylistic and semantic changes they undergo. The main research methods applied in the research are descriptive theoretical literary analysis, contrastive method and statistical method.In theoretical part the concepts of fixed collocation and idiom are discussed. Further consideration is focused on the classification of previously mentioned idiomatic expressions. Fixed collocations and idioms are classified regarding to what they mean and what they refer to. Translation strategies and the difficulties when translating the idiomatic expressions are discussed. The practical part is divided into three parts which examine fully equivalent, semantically similar, formally modified and functionally equivalent fixed collocations and idioms. The selected examples prove that the majority of idioms undergo semantic, stylistic or structural changes in the process of translating them from one language into the other. Though there are some English idioms that have equivalents in Lithuanian, in the majority of cases only few or none of the elements coincide.<br>Bakalauro baigiamojo darbo objektas yra fiksuotų kolokacijų ir idiomų struktūra bei semantika anglų kalboje ir jų lietuviškuose atitikmenyse. Darbo tikslas - ištyrinėti kaip angliškos fiksuotos kolokacijos bei idiomos išverčiamos į Lietuvių kalbą bei kaip pasikeičia jų stilistika ir semantika. Pagrindiniai tyrimo metodai yra šie: aprašomoji teorinė literatūros analizė, gretinamasis metodas, statistinis metodas. Teorinėje dalyje nagrinėjamos fiksuotos kolokacijos ir idiomos sąvokos. Toliau dėmesys skiriamas jau minėtų idiomatinių išsireiškimų klasifikacijai. Fiksuotos kolokacijos ir idiomos sugrupuotos pagal reikšmę bei tą, ką jos nurodo. Aptariamos vertimo strategijos bei idiomatinių išsireiškimų vertimų sunkumai. Praktinis tyrimas suskirstytas į tris dalis, kurios tiria visiškai ekvivalentiškas, panašias semantiškai, bet pakeista forma ir praktiškai ekvivalentiškas fiksuotas kolokacijas ir idiomas. Pasirinkti pavyzdžiai įrodo, kad daugumos idiomų semantika, stilistika ir struktūra pasikeičia jas verčiant iš vienos kalbos į kitą. Nors ir yra angliškų idiomų, kurios turi atitikmenis Lietuvių kalboje, daugeliu atvejų sutampa tik keli arba nei vienas žodis.

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Westling, Måns. "A Qualitative Descriptive Translation Study of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of English, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8055.

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<p>This essay is a qualitative descriptive translation study concerning two translations of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet into Swedish. The purpose of the study is to investigate the translational behaviour of the translators and the translation norms that govern this behaviour.</p><p>By thoroughly analysing stretches of the play, the study will attempt to locate translation shifts (linguistic changes) that occur in the translation from the source text to the target text. These changes are connected with the translators’ fidelity towards e.g. the metre of the verse or the sense transfer of puns. The analysis also comprises a survey of the translation norms that the translators adhere to. These norms, stated by the translators themselves, are connected to their translation approach. Thus, the study will reveal the differences of translation behaviour and analyse them from a wider perspective. The translations were made around 1840 and in 1982, respectively. The considerable space in time in itself suggests that linguistic differences will occur. However, the study will also find differences as regards the purposes of the translations. The older translation appears to be performed in a tradition of fidelity to the written text and its literary qualities, whereas the modern translation clearly has the purpose of being used for the stage performance. The latter is stated by the translator himself, who also argues that Shakespeare is to be considered drama and not literature.</p>

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Xiao, Di. "A study of non-equivalent culture-loaded words in two English translations of Fu Sheng Liu Ji." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2178621.

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Björklund, Rosario. "La traducción de los culturemas : Dificultades y soluciones en la traducción del sueco al español del estudio: "La imagen de Suecia en los medios de comunicación después de Stieg Larsson y Millennium"." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46265.

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Translation is all about finding the similar word and expression in the target language ́s culture and to try to obtain the same message as the source text. What a translator does with a translation project from the source language to the target language includes a process where several elements interact: finding the correct terminology in the target culture and be able to transfer the connotation and the message to the reader in the target language. The aim of this investigation is to identify and analyze the difficulties that may appear in the process of translating cultural aspects between Swedish and Spanish. The source text is a Swedish study Mediebilden av Sverige efter Stieg Larsson och Millennium (Sweden beyond the Millennium and Stieg Larsson) by Joakim Lind (2012) that has been translated into Spanish. The purpose of this study is to investigate if the translation techniques neutralization and the cultural equivalent are most suitable to use in the translation of cultural elements. The results of the study showed what was expected from the beginning, that it was mostly these two translation techniques that were used: neutralization and the cultural equivalent, but in several cases it was necessary to use other techniques like literal translation. The process of translation cannot only depend on one or two translation techniques and the translator must be able to recognize when the appropriate technique should be used. In several cases it has to be a combination of two or three translation techniques to be able to reach a good final result of the translated text.

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Moreton, John Evelyn. "Translating Saddam : ideology, intertextuality and communicative equivalence in Arabic-English translation." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4054/.

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This thesis is concerned with a particularly problematic area of Arabic-English translation, an activity likely to expand considerably as this century continues, and especially in non-literary domains. The past decade has seen increasing attention being paid by translation and other scholars to such issues as ideology, intervention, the role of narratives and the involvement of translation in global news dissemination. Not surprisingly, translation from Arabic looms large in all these areas. Political speeches and statements, often containing a disconcertingly unfamiliar blend of political and religious discourse, invite or require translation (or summary) into English by various agencies with their own particular ideological stances and agenda. Even with accurate and competent linguistic transfer there are many forms of possible manipulation. Equally, poor quality translation between two such incongruent languages can easily produce material that appears at least partly incomprehensible and may tend to make the source text and its producer(s) seem ridiculous to the target reader. Examples of this abound in the available translations of two of Saddam Hussein's speeches in the months leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. To prepare the ground for an examination of these translations, this study first traces the history of ideas about translation and the development of the modem `interdiscipline' of Translation Studies. It then moves on to consider the problems of equivalence and translatability in Arabic-English translation, not only at the word and sentence level but also at that of whole texts, and extends this enquiry into the area of textuality and especially the phenomenon of intertextuality. Intertextuality is then seen to be carried within languages and cultures by the vehicle of ideology and discourse, and thus to represent a particular challenge to translators. Problems in the translation of the Saddam speeches are subsequently identified and discussed in the context of target reader norms and expectations, and in terms of a still rather hazy notion of `communicative equivalence

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Trotter, William. "Translation Salience: A Model of Equivalence in Translation (Arabic/English)." University of Sydney. School of European, Asian and Middle Eastern Languages, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/497.

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The term equivalence describes the relationship between a translation and the text from which it is translated. Translation is generally viewed as indeterminate insofar as there is no single acceptable translation - but many. Despite this, the rationalist metaphor of translation equivalence prevails. Rationalist approaches view translation as a process in which an original text is analysed to a level of abstraction, then transferred into a second representation from which a translation is generated. At the deepest level of abstraction, representations for analysis and generation are identical and transfer becomes redundant, while at the surface level it is said that surface textual features are transferred directly. Such approaches do not provide a principled explanation of how or why abstraction takes place in translation. They also fail to resolve the dilemma of specifying the depth of transfer appropriate for a given translation task. By focusing on the translator�s role as mediator of communication, equivalence can be understood as the coordination of information about situations and states of mind. A fundamental opposition is posited between the transfer of rule-like or codifiable aspects of equivalence and those non-codifiable aspects in which salient information is coordinated. The Translation Salience model proposes that Transfer and Salience constitute bipolar extremes of a continuum. The model offers a principled account of the translator�s interlingual attunement to multi-placed coordination, proposing that salient information can be accounted for with three primary notions: markedness, implicitness and localness. Chapter Two develops the Translation Salience model. The model is supported with empirical evidence from published translations of Arabic and English texts. Salience is illustrated in Chapter Three through contextualized interpretations associated with various Arabic communication resources (repetition, code switching, agreement, address in relative clauses, and the disambiguation of presentative structures). Measurability of the model is addressed in Chapter Four with reference to emerging computational techniques. Further research is suggested in connection with theme and focus, text type, cohesion and collocation relations.

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Mashamba, Mabula. "Translation and cultural adaptation with reference to Tshivenda and English : a case study of the medical field." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2193.

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Thesis (M.A. (African languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2011<br>The aim of this study was to investigate the problems encountered by translators when translating medical terms from English into Tshivenda. It has been revealed in this study that the major problem that the translators are confronted with is lack of terminology in the specialized field such as Health. This problem is caused by the fact that different languages entail a variety of culture. The study revealed that most translators and lexicographers resort to transliteration and borrowing when confronted with zero-equivalence. They regard transliteration and borrowing as the quickest possible strategies. The study discovered that transliteration should not be opted as an alternative strategy to deal with zero-equivalence as users will be led to a state of confusion. The study revealed that communicative translation is regarded as the most fruitful method of translation as it conveys the exact message of the original in a best possible manner. Both the source and the target users get the same message. KEY CONCEPTS Translation, Culture, Source Language (SL), Target Language (TL), Translation equivalence and Zero-equivalence.

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Mabunda, Idah. "The impact of zero equivalence on translation with special reference to English and Xitsonga." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1096.

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Thesis ( M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2013.<br>This study examines the impact of Zero equivalence when translating Xitsonga to English and vice versa. Translation is essential in everyday communication, therefore it is important to choose the accurate equivalent variant during the process if not so misunderstanding occurs especially where the target language has nil elements for a particular concept. In this study semi-structured interview was conducted and it is discovered that in place of zero equivalent variants different strategies were provided by different respondents to overcome the deficiency which target languages experience. Looking for sameness of meaning during communications exposes insufficiency of words, phrases and concepts in translating languages with different culture.

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Books on the topic "Translation equivalent"

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Walker, Callum. An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0.

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Al-Saadi, Qais Mughashghash, and Hamed Mughashghash Al-Saadi. Ginza rabba: The Great treasure : an equivalent translation of the Mandaean holy book. Drabsha, 2012.

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Nykyri, Susanna. Equivalence and translation strategies in multilingual thesaurus construction. Åbo akademis förlag, 2010.

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4

The quest for equivalence: On translating Villon. Stougaard Jensen, 1986.

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Larson, Mildred L. Meaning-based translation: A guide to cross-language equivalence. 2nd ed. University Press of America, 1998.

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A theory for Bible translation: An optimal equivalence model. Edwin Mellen Press, 2008.

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Translation, reduction and equivalence: Some topics in intertheory relations. P. Lang, 1985.

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Pearce, David A. Translation, reduction and equivalence: Some topics in intertheory relations. P. Lang, 1985.

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Gao, Z. M. Automatic extraction of translation equivalents from a parallel Chinese - English corpus. UMIST, 1997.

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Dictionary of Costa Rican slang: With a translation and equivalents in English = Diccionario de palabrotas y coloquialismos ticos : con traducción y equivalentes en inglés. Guayaba Ediciones, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Translation equivalent"

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Walker, Callum. "Towards an Empirical Study of Literary Translation or Cognitive Translation Reception Studies." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_8.

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Walker, Callum. "The Cognitive Paradigm in Translation Studies." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_2.

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Walker, Callum. "Translating the Cognitive Experience." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_5.

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Walker, Callum. "Chapter 11. Towards a quantitative measurement of equivalent effect and a tentative conceptualisation of cognitive equivalence." In Eye Tracking and Multidisciplinary Studies on Translation. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.143.11wal.

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Walker, Callum. "Introduction." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_1.

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Walker, Callum. "Style, Stylistics and the Literary Experience." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_3.

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Walker, Callum. "The Psychology of Reading." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_4.

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Walker, Callum. "Eye-Tracking the Reader Experience." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_6.

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Walker, Callum. "Case Study: Zazie dans le métro." In An Eye-Tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55769-0_7.

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Han, Shoupeng, and Kedi Huang. "Equivalent Semantic Translation from Parallel DEVS Models to Time Automata." In Computational Science – ICCS 2007. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72584-8_162.

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Conference papers on the topic "Translation equivalent"

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Noever, David, Josh Kalin, Matthew Ciolino, Dom Hambrick, and Gerry Dozier. "Local Translation Services for Neglected Languages." In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIAP 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110110.

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Taking advantage of computationally lightweight, but high-quality translators prompt consideration of new applications that address neglected languages. For projects with protected or personal data, translators for less popular or low-resource languages require specific compliance checks before posting to a public translation API. In these cases, locally run translators can render reasonable, cost-effective solutions if done with an army of offline, smallscale pair translators. Like handling a specialist’s dialect, this research illustrates translating two historically interesting, but obfuscated languages: 1) hacker-speak (“l33t”) and 2) reverse (or “mirror”) writing as practiced by Leonardo da Vinci. The work generalizes a deep learning architecture to translatable variants of hacker-speak with lite, medium, and hard vocabularies. The original contribution highlights a fluent translator of hacker-speak in under 50 megabytes and demonstrates a companion text generator for augmenting future datasets with greater than a million bilingual sentence pairs. A primary motivation stems from the need to understand and archive the evolution of the international computer community, one that continuously enhances their talent for speaking openly but in hidden contexts. This training of bilingual sentences supports deep learning models using a long short-term memory, recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN). It extends previous work demonstrating an English-to-foreign translation service built from as little as 10,000 bilingual sentence pairs. This work further solves the equivalent translation problem in twenty-six additional (non-obfuscated) languages and rank orders those models and their proficiency quantitatively with Italian as the most successful and Mandarin Chinese as the most challenging. For neglected languages, the method prototypes novel services for smaller niche translations such as Kabyle (Algerian dialect) which covers between 5-7 million speakers but one which for most enterprise translators, has not yet reached development. One anticipates the extension of this approach to other important dialects, such as translating technical (medical or legal) jargon and processing health records or handling many of the dialects collected from specialized domains (mixed languages like “Spanglish”, acronym-laden Twitter feeds, or urban slang).

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Alekseeva, V. V. "Non-Equivalent Vocabulary Translation in Literary Text." In International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200312.308.

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Shimohata, Mitsuo, Eiichiro Sumita, and Yuji Matsumoto. "Retrieving meaning-equivalent sentences for example-based rough translation." In the HLT-NAACL 2003 Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1118905.1118916.

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Soeken, Mathias, Eleonora Testa, and D. Michael Miller. "A Hybrid Method for Spectral Translation Equivalent Boolean Functions." In 2019 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing (PACRIM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pacrim47961.2019.8985048.

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Prajoko, Dwi. "The Dominance of Established Equivalent in the Metaphor Translation." In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Communication, Language, Literature, and Culture, ICCoLLiC 2020, 8-9 September 2020, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.8-9-2020.2301366.

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Chen, Ziming, Yanwen Li, Zhen Huang, and Xianwen Kong. "Type Synthesis of 3-RSR Equivalent 2R1T Parallel Mechanisms." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85101.

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Parallel mechanisms (PMs) with two rotational and one translational (2R1T) degrees of freedom (DOFs) have attracted much attention these years. The 2R1T PMs can be divided into various categories due to different motion patterns, such as the UP equivalent PMs, the RPR equivalent PMs, the PU equivalent PMs and the 3-PPS equivalent PMs. In this paper, the 2R1T PMs have the same motion characteristics with the 3-RSR PM are studied and synthesized. This kind of PMs can be called as 3-RSR equivalent 2R1T PMs. The 3-RSR equivalent 2R1T PMs can realize both continuous rotations about fixed axes and continuous translation along fixed directions. The constraint and motion characteristics of the 3-RSR equivalent 2R1T PMs are analyzed. The design of the branches for the 3-RSR equivalent 2R1T PMs is dealt with using the screw theory and the subchains. A group of novel 3-RSR equivalent 2R1T PMs are obtained.

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Anisimova, Alexandra, and Olga Vishnyakova. "Corpus in Translation Classroom: A Case Study of Translating Economic Terms." In 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.029.

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The article deals with the role of corpus in translation and translation studies. The paper focuses on different aspects which should be taken into consideration when compiling a representative corpus. The researchers focus on the role the corpus of professional texts plays when choosing translation equivalents for terms, including just created and not yet registered in terminological dictionaries. The aim of the research is to elaborate the approach to the use of corpus material in the course of translation in specialized and professional fields, with particular attention to some aspects of translation competence development. The analysis based on the comparative, definitional and contextual methods proved that parallel text corpora provide professional experts, as well as students of translation, with reliable knowledge of linguistic units functioning and semantic meaning actualization within certain contexts in the Language for Specific Purposes (LSP) domain. The studies have shown that a comparative statistical analysis of a corpus of professional texts might be recommended when looking for an adequate equivalent for a term. The scope of application of the methodology suggested is not confined to certain terminological systems or fields of knowledge. The translation competence development that includes compiling text corpora and making adequate choices by students dealing with appropriate instructions on the part of the teacher, as the task concerns with high level of knowledge acquisition as refers to both linguistic and translation expertise.

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Isozaki, Hideki, Natsume Kouchi, and Tsutomu Hirao. "Dependency-based Automatic Enumeration of Semantically Equivalent Word Orders for Evaluating Japanese Translations." In Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-3335.

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Palm, Emanuel, Cristina Paniagua, Ulf Bodin, and Olov Schelen. "Syntactic Translation of Message Payloads Between At Least Partially Equivalent Encodings." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit.2019.8755159.

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Hartati, Aisya, Rahmad Husein, and Dr Zainuddin. "Equivalent Translation Process Used By Multilingual Students In Islamic Boarding School." In Proceedings of the 3rd Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aisteel-18.2018.125.

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