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Dorohokuplya, A. O. "Lacunas translation from English into Ukrainian." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72813.
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Способи перекладу лакун на українську мову включають: (1) транскрипцію і транслітерацію (тобто відтворення мовою перекладу форми слова вихідної мови); (2) трейсинг (відтворення морфемного складу слова або складових ідіом); (3) описовий переклад (використання слів і словосполучень, що описують поняття при відсутності еквівалентної одиниці в мові перекладу); (4) створення слів-аналогів (знаходження схожих або приблизно подібних одиниць у мові перекладу); (5) уточнення або узагальнення (переклад за допомогою більш вузьких / більш широких лексичних одиниць); (6) пошук синонімів.<br>Способы перевода лакун на украинский язык включают: (1) транскрипцию и транслитерацию (то есть воспроизведение на языке перевода формы слова исходного языка); (2) трейсинг (воспроизведение морфемного состава слова или составных идиом); (3) описательный перевод (использование слов и словосочетаний, описывающих понятие при отсутствии эквивалентной единицы в языке перевода); (4) создание слов-аналогов (нахождение сходных или приблизительно сходных единиц в языке перевода); (5) уточнение или обобщение (перевод с помощью более узких / более широких лексических единиц); (6) поиск синонимов.<br>There are other methods of translation of such lexical units into Ukrainian. They include: (1) transcription and transliteration (that is, reproduction in the language of the translation of the form of the word of the original language); (2) tracing (reproduction of the morphemic composition of the word or constituent idioms); (3) descriptive translation (the use of words and phrases that describe the concept when there is no equivalent unit in the language of translation); (4) creation of word-analogues (finding similar or approximately similar units in the language of translation); (5) specification or generalisation (translation with the help of a narrower / broader lexical units); (6) finding the synonyms.
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Dorohokuplya, A. O. "Lacunas Translation from English into Ukrainian." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67147.
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Numerous linguistic studies made it clear that some concepts that exist
in a certain language do not have their verbal equivalents in another
languages. Canadian linguists Zh.P. Vina and J. Darbelne were the first to
introduce the term “lacuna” and define it as a phenomenon when the word
of one language has no direct equivalent in the other language.
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Deeb, Zakia Ali. "A taxonomy of translation problems in translating from English to Arabic." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/229.
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This thesis investigates translation problems in translating from English to Arabic. Despite the fact that there are some taxonomies available, none is based on empirical research; moreover, none can be considered comprehensive. The present study provides a ranked taxonomy of problems in translating from English to Arabic that was developed through two empirical studies. The first is a case-study of the researcher translating a published corpus of short translation-class texts. Since the aim of this project is pedagogical, students of translation were the target population of the second multi-subject study. Here, 56 undergraduate and 18 postgraduate students in Arabic —+ English translation classes at Al-Fateh University and the Academy of Graduate Studies in Libya translated a sub-set of the same texts. By comparing the two groups' performance, the researcher could also find out the effects of translation experience/proficiency on the type and severity of problems. The taxonomy consists of four levels: supra, main, sub and sub-sub categories. The supra category includes problems of ST Comprehension and TT Production and problems of Transfer Process. The main category includes Micro-Language problems, Macro-Text level problems and Strategies and Techniques problems. The sub-category includes problems of Grammar, Vocabulary, Spelling, Rhetorical and stylistic devices, Cohesion, Register and style, Background Knowledge and Culture. The sub-sub categories include forty seven categories such as problems of Word order, Fixed Expressions, Spelling Slips, Irony, Omission and Additions. A tentative ranking of the difficulty of problems is based on three factors: perceived difficulty, error count and error severity. What distinguishes the taxonomy formulated in the present study from existing ones is comprehensiveness, e.g. in combining problems of ST comprehension, TT production and problems of transfer process, or in combining problems of the language system and extra-textual problems; and the ranking adds another dimension. The thesis consists of six chapters: Chapter One outlines the theme of the project and presents the research questions. Chapter Two reviews the relevant literature with an emphasis on translation problems and errors. Chapter Three presents the researcher case-study which sets the ground for the multi-subject main-study in Chapter Four. Chapter Five provides a model of English —* Arabic translation problems as exemplified by the taxonomy of translation problems and discusses the ranking system used and its outcome. Chapter Six, Conclusion, evaluates the outcome of the study, assesses the methodology that has been used to investigate the issues set in the research questions and discusses implications for further research.
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Emami, Mohammad. "The dynamics of literary translation : a case study from English to Persian." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5955.
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This thesis aims to elucidate the translation process by devising a way of retrieving evidence of this process from its output. It further aims to assess the claims made by some scholars concerning the possible existence of Translation Universals. In order to isolate the interaction of texts and contexts, a corpus of American short stories was created, with their translations into Persian published after the 1979 Revolution. Three complementary methodologies gave a rounded picture: (1) Corpus-based Descriptive Translation Studies; (2) The pragmatic and rhetorically-based approach of Thinking Translation devised at St Andrews; and (3) The analytical framework mostly established by Halliday in his Systemic Functional Grammar. Approaching the process of translation in the specific order devised in this thesis provided four vantage points to analyse the data in a systematic way from linguistic, discourse, cultural and literary views before reaching what are at once the most personal and most characteristic aspects of a translator's work. The research begins with a literature review of the field and an account of linguistic constraints and of all Translation Universals hypothesised so far, followed by an extensive analysis of data in two consecutive chapters. With reference to the choices made in this corpus, it is discussed in the Conclusions chapter that most of the Translation Universals so far claimed are not in fact universal. It is the role of the translator which has emerged as the determining factor in producing a translated text, and thus as the key to resolving the issues explored in this thesis. It seems there are no constraints beyond the translator's reach, and there are no parameters which do not involve the translator, who introduces his or her own choices, or manipulates certain parameters. Only when they have done so, will the translation, as both process and product, be accomplished.
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Furlan, Mattia <1995>. "Food, Culture and Translation. Observations on Translating Recipes from English into Italian." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19954.
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Food is an important part of human cultural expression, and recipes are a way of transmitting the knowledge on its preparation. This dissertation consists in the translation from English into Italian of a sample of recipes belonging to the British and Italian cultural areas and to a mixed “Anglo-Italian” area. The focus is on the rendition and acceptability, for an Italian public, of the cultural elements of the recipes originally thought for a British public . First, the work provides some considerations on the relationship between food and culture. Then, the characteristics of the genre “recipe” are exposed, and useful aspects of translation theory are presented. The recipes included in the dissertation are then translated and each one is presented with a commentary which focusses mainly on their cultural aspects. In conclusion, it is possible to observe that the main problems relate to units of measurement, ingredients’ availability and the need to substitute them or explain their characteristics, implicit traditions in the source culture that need to be explained in the target culture, how Italian recipes and references are treated by the British which need a “re-Italianization” process when presented to the Italian culture, and the need to render the critiques moved to Italian cuisine more acceptable for an Italian public especially in those contexts where they cannot be eliminated.
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Gavling, Anna. "The art of translation : A study of book titles translated from English into Swedish and from Swedish into English." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1748.
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<p>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the process of translating a book title from English into Swedish and vice versa. I have investigated the different methods used when translating a title, as well how common each strategy is. By contacting publishing companies and translators in Sweden, I learned of the process of adapting a title from the source language into a foreign market and the target language. Studying 156 titles originally published in English, and 47 titles originally written in Swedish, I was able to see some patterns. I was particularly interested in what strategies are most commonly used.</p><p>In my study I found nine different strategies of translating a book title form English into Swedish. I have classified them as follows: Keeping the original title, Translating the title literally, Literal translation with modifications, Keeping part of the original title and adding a literal translation, Adding a Swedish tag to the English title, Adding a Swedish tag to the literal translation, Translation with an omission, Creating a new title loosely related to the original title and finally Creating a completely different title. In the study of titles translated from Swedish into English, I found eight different translation strategies; seven of the strategies were the same as in the translation of titles from English into Swedish. The one method that differed is called Translation with an addition. The study of titles originally published in Swedish was much smaller; and yet more variety and creativity was shown in the translations. The conditions for translating from Swedish into English are different since English readers normally have no knowledge of Swedish. Names of characters and places for example, are very likely to sound very odd to an English reader, and therefore more translations are necessary. Swedish readers on the other hand are generally relatively proficient in English since they are exposed to the language naturally in their everyday lives through for example, television. Therefore it was easier to stay close to the original in the translations from English into Swedish.</p>
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Žmėjauskienė, Ivanna. "Translation of educational professional language from english into Lithuanian." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080926_174928-78887.
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Nowadays when Lithuania is a member of the European Union the English language penetrates into all spheres of our life and serves as a precondition for the upsurge of translation from/into English and Lithuanian. Translation in the realm of different professional discourses causes a number of problems. The aim of the research is to specify the peculiarities of translating educational discourses from English into Lithuanian. The paper presents a brief theoretical overview on the issues of the translation. It analyses not only the definitions and the main characteristics of the educational discourse but also reveals the particularities of the professionalisms as a linguistic phenomenon. Besides, it presents the selected examples of educational professional language from English educational discourses and their equivalents in the Lithuanian language. The following sources have been used for the empirical investigation: Paul Ramsden (1992) "Learning to Teach in Higher Education"; Paul Ramsden (2001) "Kaip mokyti aukštojoje mokykloje"; Terence H. McLaughlin (1995) "Public Values, Private Values and Educational Responsibility"; Terence H. McLaughlin (1997) "Šiuolaikinė ugdymo filosofija: demokratiškumas, vertybės, įvairovė".<br>Lietuvai tapus Europos Sąjungos nare, anglų kalba pradėjo skverbtis į visas mūsų gyvenimo sferas. Dėl šios priežasties padaugėjo ir vertimų iš/į anglų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą. Skirtingų profesinių diskursų vertimas sukelia daugybę problemų. Šio tyrimo tikslas yra apibrėžti edukacinių diskursų vertimo iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą ypatumus. Apžvelgiama teorinė medžiaga apie vertimą, nagrinėjami edukacinio diskurso apibrėžimai ir ypatybės, parodomi profesionalizmų ypatumai. Darbe pateikiami edukacinės profesinės kalbos pavyzdžiai iš anglų kalbos edukacinių diskursų ir jų lietuviški vertimo ekvivalentai, kurie išrinkti naudojant žemiau išvardintus šaltinius: Paul Ramsden (1992) "Learning to Teach in Higher Education"; Paul Ramsden (2001) "Kaip mokyti aukštojoje mokykloje"; Terence H. McLaughlin (1995)"Public Values, Private Values and Educational Responsibility"; Terence H. McLaughlin (1997)"Šiuolaikinė ugdymo filosofija: demokratiškumas, vertybės, įvairovė".
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Blaževičienė, Rasa. "AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION OF FEATURE FILMS FROM ENGLISH INTO LITHUANIAN." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080926_173942-28997.
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The situation of audiovisual translation is in its infancy in Lithuania, thus, the work specifies methods of audiovisual translation and highlights characteristic features of audiovisual-type texts. The novelty of the work lies in the investigation of the voiced-over language of the feature film. With reference to this fact, the contrastive analysis of the source language and voiced-over target language of the feature film “Bridget Jones’s Diary“was chosen as the subject of the research. The aim of the work is the examination of language and authenticity transfer of the film through voice-over as the method of audiovisual translation from English into Lithuanian.<br>Vertimo tyrinėtojai žengia pirmuosius žingsnius audiovizualiojo vertimo tyrinėjimo srityje, nors įgarsintus, subtitruotus ar jau ir dubliuotus filmus žiūrime kasdien per televiziją ar kino teatre. Naujosios technologijos leidžia vos panorėjus mėgautis filmais, kurie atlieka ne tik pramoginę, bet ir kitos kultūros pažinimo funkciją. Didžioji dalis į Lietuvą atkeliaujančių filmų yra anglų kalba. Juos įprasta įgarsinti. Tačiau dėl įvairių priežasčių ne visada lietuviškame filmo variante išgirstame tai, kas buvo pasakyta originale. Šio darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti gerai žinomo vaidybinio filmo „Bridžitos Džouns dienoraštis“ kalbos ir autentikos perteikimą per įgarsintą filmo vertimą, siekiant nustatyti vertimo procese naudojamas vertimo procedūras. Mokslinio darbo teorinėje dalyje išsamiai pristatomi audiovizualaus vertimo metodai, apžvelgiami audiovizualaus teksto ypatumai, jame slypintys kodai bei paaiškinama domestikacijos samprata. Empirinėje darbo dalyje aprašoma tyrimo eiga ir analizuojami rezultatai. Filmo vertimo tyrimas atskleidė, jog dėl pačių kalbų (anglų ir lietuvių) skirtumų, tokių vertimo procedūrų kaip glaudinimas, eliminavimas ir trumpinimas naudojimas bei vertėjo(s) klaidos lėmė prasminius vertimo kalbos nuostolius. Nors vertėja(s) didžiajai teksto daliai rado atitinkamus ekvivalentus bei daugelyje atvejų pasitelkė parafrazę ir plėtimą, vertimo kalba perteikta glausčiau dėl aukščiau minėtų veiksnių bei filmo vertimo metodo ypatumų.
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Michailinienė, Viktorija. "The Translation of Discourse Markers from English into Lithuanian." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_155614-75200.
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The paper analyzes the translation of discourse markers from English into Lithuanian. Discourse markers are words or word combinations, who contribute little to the propositional meaning of an utterance but serve a variety of important conversational functions guiding interlocutors towards the intended interpretation of an utterance. The aim of the research is to prove the polyfunctional nature of discourse markers and the significance of rendering their meanings in translation from English into Lithuanian. The paper reviews the basic theoretical orientations within which discourse markers are analyzed and presents the list of defining and non-defining properties of discourse markers. Correct interpretation of discourse markers depend on the conversational function they serve in a particular situation rather than on lexical meaning of an item, therefore the functions of the discourse markers selected for the analysis (you know, I mean, well, okay, so, like, now) are reviewed as well. The empirical part is based on the analysis of the translation of discourse markers in two novels: John Irving’s 'A Widow for One Year' and Melvin Burgess’ 'Doing it'.<br>Darbe nagrinėjamas diskurso žymeklių vertimas iš anglų į lietuvių kalbą. Diskurso žymekliai - tai žodžiai ar žodžių junginiai, kurių leksinė reikšmė turi mažai įtakos sakinio prasmei, bet kurie atlieka daug svarbių funkcijų, padedančių pašnekovui teisingai interpretuoti pasakymą. Darbo tikslas – įrodyti diskurso žymeklių daugiafunkcinę prigimtį ir tų funkcijų perteikimo svarbą verčiant iš anglų į lietuvių kalbą. Darbe apžvelgiamos svarbiausios teorinės kryptys, kuriomis remiantis analizuojami diskurso žymekliai, ir pristatomi jų skiriamieji bei jiems būdingi bruožai. Kadangi teisinga diskurso žymeklių interpretacija priklauso ne nuo leksinės lingvistinio vieneto reikšmės, bet nuo jo atliekamos funkcijos, darbe taip pat aprašomos analizei pasirinktų žymeklių (you know, I mean, well, okay, so, like, now) funkcijos. Empirinė dalis pagrįsta diskurso žymeklių vertimu dvejuose romanuose: John Irving "A Widow for One Year" ir Melvin Burgess "Doing it".
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Gimenez, Alicia Moreno. "The Translation of Irony : Translating contemporary short stories from Catalan and Spanish into English." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504185.
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.This thesis explores the translation of verbal irony, particularly in the translations of Spanish and Catalan contemporary short stories. Verbal irony is a common phenomenon in communication, and yet it has not received enough attention in translation studies. Furthermore, not all theoretical frameworks agree on the same conception of irony. Having examined data of a corpus in Spanish and Catalan to shed some light upon the mechanisms of irony and the problems arising from its translation, I mainly address the following issues: a) What different types of ironic cues are there? b) How can these cues be explained within existing theories? c) How is irony translated in the translated text? d) What problems do different types of irony pose for the translation of irony? The complex nature of irony requires an interdisciplinary approach that places textual features in their communicative and social contexts. For this reason, Chapters 2 to 4 review theories from different fields in order to establish the main characteristics of verbal irony, while Chapter 5 focuses on translation issues. Irony is often achieved, as my analysis reveals, through a certain set of cues or conventional linguistic strategies that signal the speaker's ironic attitude. These, of course, are not inherently ironic because they ultimately need an appropriate context to be interpreted as ironic. Ironic cues can be graphological, grammatical, semantic and pragmatic devices as well as figurative language. Chapters 5 to 10 study how these cues are explained within existing theories, how they are translated and the problems that arise from their translation. Translators have to be aware of differences in linguistic conventions and cultural contextual sources. The lack of understanding of the mechanisms of irony is one of the main problems for the translator. The translation parameters and procedures that I offer are guidelines to the translation of verbal irony in literary texts from Catalan and Spanish into English. Last but not least, my thesis also contributes to the appreciation of a particular type of literature, that is, Spanish and Catalan short stories.
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Song, Xiao Dong. "Investigating adaptive translation from a functional perspective : a case study of commercial advertisement translation." Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1781059.
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Lindgren, Anna. "Semi-Automatic Translation of Medical Terms from English to Swedish : SNOMED CT in Translation." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medicinsk informatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69736.
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The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has been overseeing translations of the international clinical terminology SNOMED CT from English to Swedish. This study was performed to find whether semi-automatic methods of translation could produce a satisfactory translation while requiring fewer resources than manual translation. Using the medical English-Swedish dictionary TermColl translations of select subsets of SNOMED CT were produced by ways of translation memory and statistical translation. The resulting translations were evaluated via BLEU score using translations provided by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare as reference before being compared with each other. The results showed a strong advantage for statistical translation over use of a translation memory; however, overall translation results were far from satisfactory.<br>Den internationella kliniska terminologin SNOMED CT har översatts från engelska till svenska under ansvar av Socialstyrelsen. Den här studien utfördes för att påvisa om semiautomatiska översättningsmetoder skulle kunna utföra tillräckligt bra översättning med färre resurser än manuell översättning. Den engelsk-svenska medicinska ordlistan TermColl användes som bas för översättning av delmängder av SNOMED CT via översättningsminne och genom statistisk översättning. Med Socialstyrelsens översättningar som referens poängsattes the semiautomatiska översättningarna via BLEU. Resultaten visade att statistisk översättning gav ett betydligt bättre resultat än översättning med översättningsminne, men över lag var resultaten alltför dåliga för att semiautomatisk översättning skulle kunna rekommenderas i detta fall.
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Stalmačenkaitė, Viktorija. "Problems and Issues in Machine Translation: the Case of Translation from English to Lithuanian." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130627_142225-70506.
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Bachelor thesis focuses on problems and issues of machine translation while translating texts of different genres. The theoretical part of the paper covers such topics as the notion of machine translation (MT), its most crucial mistakes and the notion of text genres in the English language. The practical part consists of the analysis of 5 different texts pointing out the most severe mistakes detected in the output of MT. Conclusions drawn after the analysis showed that MT requires further improvment and more thorough investigation.<br>Bakalauro darbas aptaria mašininio vertimo problemas verčiant įvairių stilių tekstus. Teorinė dalis aptaria tokias temas, kaip mašininio vertimo (MV) samprata ir šio reiškinio pačias svarbiausias klaidas, taip pat šioje dalyje aptariama teksto stiliaus samprata. Praktinėje dalyje buvo analizuojami 5 skirtingų stilių tekstai ir aptariamos pačios ryškiausios ir svarbiausios klaidos šiuose tekstuose. Išvados paaiškėjusios po tyrimo atskleidė, kad MV sistemą dar reikia tobulinti ir atlikti išsamesnius tyrimus.
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Narmontienė, Kristiana. "From noun to verb. Denominal verbs in translation from English into Lithuanian." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080926_180134-47165.
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The translation of Denominal verbs is not enough analyze in Lithania, thus, the work specifies some definitions of the phenomena, provides its derivation and classifications as well as emphasizes the pecularities of denominal verb in translation process. The subject of the research is based on contrastive analyzes of source and target languages by reffering to Ken Kesey‘s novel ‚ One Flew over Cuckoo‘s Nest‘. The aim of the work is point out pecularities of denominal verbs in tralslation of the novel from English into Lithuanian.<br>Denominatyvinių veiksmažodžių vertimas mažai tyrinėtas Lietuvoje, todėl darbe supažindinama su šių veiksmažodžių definicijomis, kilme ir klasifikacijomis, bei išryškinami vertimo ypatumai.Tyrimo objektu pasirinkta gretinamoji Keno Kizio romano ‚Skrydis virš gegutės lizdo‘ originalo kalbos ir vertimo kalbos analizė. Tyrimo tikslu siekiama nustatyti denominatyvinių veiksmažodžių ypatumus verčiant šį romaną iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą.
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Nyrén, Jenny. "Translating American food culture from English to Swedish : A study of cultural references in translation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26349.
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the different solutions used when translating cultural references. The source text is an extract from The Omnivore’s Dilemma. A Natural History of Four Meals (2006), written by Michael Pollan, and the material that this study is based on is taken from that text, as well as from my translation of that extract. The theme of the book is American food culture from various perspectives, which results in a culturally specific text. The cultural references in this study regard phenomena such as food-related items, geographical places and names, etc. In the translation of these cultural references, I used a combination of methods. The strategies used were Ingo’s complementary addition, Vinay and Darbelnet’s equivalence and adaptation, as well as Newmark’s transference. The analysis of the translation showed that the most used strategy was transference, which was expected considering that the purpose of the text is to present American food culture and the ambition and aim of the translation was to keep as many cultural references as possible in the target text. One conclusion that could be drawn from the study was that the purpose of the text and the intended TT reader are main factors when deciding how to translate cultural references.
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Long, Sin Sai. "Analyzing English translation of Chinese menus from a cultural perspective." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2178630.
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Mollanazar, Hussein. "Naturalness in the translation of novels from English to Persian." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1136/.
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This thesis is about `naturalness' in the translation of novels from English into Persian. It studies, describes and explains the cultural and linguistic factors determining naturalness. This thesis consists of eight main chapters, as well as Introduction and Conclusions Chapters. The Introduction Chapter sets the problem, its significance, the questions to be addressed in the thesis and the hypotheses held. Chapters 1 to 4 discuss theoretical matters: a review of translation theories, different approaches to naturalness, analysis of possible features involved in naturalness leading to a comprehensive definition of naturalness, and methodology of the study, that is, the different methods and the procedure followed in this research. The next four chapters, i. e. chapters five to eight, have looked at the problem from different perspectives. Chapter 5 analyses the historical situation and relations within and between the Persian literary and socio-political systems that gave rise to the need for translation and establishment of the new genre of the novel in Iran. Chapter 6 deals with the norms and models constraining the Persian translators' behaviour, through an analysis of norms and their roots within the Persian literary polysystem. Chapter 7 is a cultural analysis of the period after the Islamic Revolution and compares this period with a 15-year period before the revolution. The Islamic Revolution is a very important turning point according to the cultural viewpoint and provides a very interesting opportunity for the comparison of cultural activities before and after the revolution, given the fact that this revolution is often considered to have a more cultural nature than a political one. Chapter 8 is a linguistic analysis that deals with the micro-structural level of the study, it studies the cohesive devices of reference and ellipsis and the relevant features that determine their naturalness or unnaturalness. Finally, the Conclusions Chapter gives a summary of the conclusions reached in the previous chapters, discusses the limitations of the present study and suggests some relevant topics for further studies.
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Attig, Remy. "Translation in the Borderlands of Spanish: Balancing Power in English Translations from Judeo-Spanish and Spanglish." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37927.
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Literature emerging from borderland, transnational or diaspora contexts doesn’t always fit the mould of the dominant national culture where the author resides. Usually this literature is published in the language of the larger society, but sometimes authors prefer to use the language variety in which they write as one of many tools to resist assimilation and highlight their independent or hybrid identity; such is the case with Matilda Koén-Sarano's Judeo-Spanish folktales and Susana Chávez-Silverman’s Spanglish crónicas. When this is the case, translation from these varieties must be done in a way that preserves the resistance to assimilation in a different linguistic context.
In this thesis I begin by defining Judeo-Spanish and Spanglish as language varieties, consider who uses them, who writes in them, and the political or personal motivations of the authors. I then problematize the broad issue of translating texts written in nonstandard language varieties. I consider power in translation generally and into English more specifically. I nuance the binary between rejecting translation completely, and embracing it wholeheartedly as essential. In the final two chapters I turn my attention to specific challenges that presented themselves in translations from Judeo-Spanish and Spanglish and explain how these challenges informed my approaches and strategies.
No single translation approach or strategy emerges as a monolithic solution to all problems. Nevertheless, my original contribution to knowledge lies in the nuanced discussion and creative application of varying degrees of ethnolects (or literary dialects), writing based in phonetics, and intralinguistic translation that are explained and that are evidenced in the original translations found in the appendices.
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Kronvall, Maria. "Translating emergency medicine from English to Swedish : A translation study on noun compounds in medical terminology." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65511.
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Gao, Z. M. "Automatic extraction of translation equivalents from a parallel Chinese - English corpus." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488455.
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Panou, Despoina. "A study of idiom translation from English in the Greek press." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28489.
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This thesis is devoted to the investigation of translational aspects of idiomatic meaning. Although plentiful in everyday language, idioms seem to constitute a particularly intriguing issue for translators primarily due to their semantic and syntactic idiosyncrasies. The main objective of this study is to answer two interrelated questions with reference to English-Greek, namely how idioms are translated and which parameters influence translators’ choices. More specifically, this thesis aims at examining the translation strategies employed in the treatment of idioms in the Greek financial press. To this end, 121 instances of idioms were examined, taken from a 101,202-word sample of 2009 news material translated into Greek (Source Text: The Economist newspaper, Target Text: the Sunday edition of Kathimerini newspaper). A new idiom classification was proposed distinguishing idioms into inward and outward, the former subdivided into cognitively and affectively-oriented idioms and the latter into general outward and business idioms. The results obtained indicate that business idioms accounted for the biggest percentage in the corpus examined whereas in terms of idiom-translation strategy, omission was the preferred strategy for both inward and outward idioms. With respect to the parameters that influence translators’ choices, it was argued that in adhering to idiomatic meaning, translators were prompted to take into account idiom and genre-related parameters. On the other hand, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, cognitive and genre parameters gained prominance when there was idiom literalization. Lastly, idiom omission seemed to rely on pragmatic, cognitive and genre parameters whereas idiom compensation largely depended on pragmatic and genre ones. The study concludes with the suggestion that an awareness of idioms’ sensitivity to genre conventions and a realization of the multiplicity of parameters that affect the choice of idiom-translation strategy are essential for appropriateness to be met in Greek financial news translation, bearing consequences for both translation theory and translator training.
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Madi, Yamen. "The translation of context-based proverbial expressions from Arabic into English." Pretoria : [S.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07082009-161339.
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Nintai, Moses Nunyi. "Mapping transference : problems of African literature and translation from French into English." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36074/.
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Although a number of African literary works have been translated from French into English since the middle of this century, research and debate on their translation has remained scanty, fragmentary, and scattered in diverse learned journals and other short publications. This thesis seeks to broaden the scope of research by mapping out aspects of transference in translation in terms of analysis and transfer strategies that have been, or could be, used. A selection of major translated works have been compared with their originals, to give textual examples indicative of transfer strategies. Current issues in African literature as well as typical features of the literature in French and English have been explored in order to examine differences between them and English and French literatures. The implications of these differences (at the levels of content, cultural setting, peculiar use of English and French, and the target audience) for translation are considered, and a brief historical survey of the translation of African literature provides insights into how translators have approached, and continue to approach, literary texts as well as cope with their target readership. Furthermore, dominant trends in literary translation studies (mainly in the West) are explored to determine if, and in what ways, they relate to translation studies in Africa. The analysis of transfer strategies focuses on the distinctive features of francophone African literary texts, drawing on relevant Western literary translation theories and models, on African literary theory and criticism, as well as on other disciplines likely contribute to an informed understanding of the texts. Finally, a case study applies the analysis to a text which is translated, and transfer strategies discussed.
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Calder, Herderson Ann. "True Tales : An English Translation of selections from Pamphile LeMay's Contes vrais." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9984.
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A representative selection of taies ("Le Hibou," "Le Spectre de Babylas," "Le Baiser fatal," "Sang et or," "Baptême de sang," "Petite scène d'un grande drame," "Patriotisme," and "Les Marionnettes") from Pamphile LeMay's Contes vrais is translated into English. An introduction to the translation provides a biographical sketch of the author, an overview of his work, and a comparison of his work with that of other French- and English-Canadian writers of his day. Contes vrais in discussed with reference to the corpus of LeMay's work, particularly the earlier poems such as Les Vengeances which inform it. The French-Canadian conte is discussed, and its roots in the oral tradition of Québec are delineated. The translated taies are analysed in terms of the norms of the genre.
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Alqahtani, O. A. M. "Investigating the translation of euphemism in the Quran from Arabic into English." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7995/.
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This study investigated the accuracy and quality across five different translations of the Quran from Arabic into English, focusing on euphemism. It evaluated the degree of faithfulness or deviation in meaning from the original and corroborated whether this is due to the translating approach or inadequate understanding of the meaning of Quranic text. It assessed the main features of euphemistic expressions in the Quran, how euphemistic expressions have been translated, and provided recommendations on how to improve the translation of euphemistic expressions in the Quran. Throughout its long history, translation and translation studies have never been free from conflicting views. Translation is one of the most researched topics and no other issue has preoccupied theorists and practitioners as much as the translation debate which has brought about a split of views, specifically into those who claim that translation is an art and those who believe that translation is a science. Each camp puts forward unrealistic expectations of what translation is and what it can achieve. Despite the boom in translation studies over the last decades which has provided interesting and fresh insights, it remains an area which has little theoretical base and very few research landmarks. Translation has rarely managed to rise above mere comparative analysis of language pairs, examining their cross linguistic and cultural differences. Translation approaches, procedures and techniques are not one size fits all. They may work well for Indo-European languages but may not for Semitic languages, for instance. They are often prescriptive, abstract and lack practical implications. Highly expressive and colourful components of any language are often deliberately substituted by euphemistic expressions. Euphemism is thus a purposeful act of softening existing terms or expressions with neutral, courteous and ‘clean’ words. Euphemism is said to be a form of deception. This study examined the translation of euphemism in the Quran focusing on the English versions of the Quran by Abdel Haleem, Khan and Al-Hilali, Yusuf Ali, Arberry, and Pickthall. It was found that translators often underestimate the complexity of translation, particularly the translation of euphemism in the Quran Based on the nature of the problem and the research questions, the method adopted in this study used a qualitative approach starting with text based analysis of a broad sample of euphemistic expressions from the five selected versions of translations of the Quran. This was supported by semi-structured interviews with professional translators to gauge their views and perceptions regarding the meanings of euphemism in the Quran. The key findings suggest that there is no single method which will address all of the challenges faced by the translators of euphemisms of the Quran. Moreover, many Islamic concepts and cultural bound items are untranslatable, thus loss of some meaning is inevitable. Findings revealed that straightforward and mechanical transfer of euphemisms from the Quran produces meaningless or clumsy utterances because there is no direct correspondence between Arabic and English euphemistic expressions. Therefore, translating euphemism in the Quran goes beyond mere linguistic transfer. This study has several practical implications. Firstly, it will benefit translators of the Quran by providing fresh insights into dealing with some of the challenges of translating euphemism from the Quran. Secondly, it will provide a platform for further research on translating euphemism as it has expanded the existing literature on translating euphemistic expressions from the Quran to benefit future researchers.
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Pertu, Elena <1980>. "The problems of equivalence in advertising translation: examples from English and Russian." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3325/1/pertu_elena_thesis.pdf.
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Abstract
The academic environment has recently recognized the importance and benefits that an extensive research on the translation of advertising can have for translation studies. Despite the growing interest and increasing research activity in the field it is still difficult to speak about a theory of advertising translation in general. There is a need for further study encompassing different languages and both heterogeneous and homogenous cultures that will give the possibility to receive a more complete map of what the translation of advertising is and should be. Previous studies have been concentrated, for the most part, on Western European language pairs. This study is a research into perfume and cosmetics print advertisements translated from English into Russian where both visual and verbal elements are considered. Three broad translation approaches have been identified in what concerns the verbal message: Translated message, parallel translation, recreated adverts, and three approaches in dealing with the image: similar images, modified images, completely different images. The thesis shows that where Russian advertisements for perfume products tend to have a message, or create one, this is often lacking in the English copy. The article ends by suggesting that perfume advertisements favor the standardization approach when entering Russian market. The attempts to localize the advert have also been noticed although they are obviously less numerous in perfume adverts and are rather instances of adaptation - a mix between the localization and standardization approaches since they keep drawing on the same globally accepted universals about female beauty and concern for ‘woman’s identity’ (we focused our analysis on products designed for female consumers). This study, complementing previous studies, aims to be a contribution to the description of laws and strategies that guide the translation of advertising texts into Russian.
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Pertu, Elena <1980>. "The problems of equivalence in advertising translation: examples from English and Russian." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3325/.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
The academic environment has recently recognized the importance and benefits that an extensive research on the translation of advertising can have for translation studies. Despite the growing interest and increasing research activity in the field it is still difficult to speak about a theory of advertising translation in general. There is a need for further study encompassing different languages and both heterogeneous and homogenous cultures that will give the possibility to receive a more complete map of what the translation of advertising is and should be. Previous studies have been concentrated, for the most part, on Western European language pairs. This study is a research into perfume and cosmetics print advertisements translated from English into Russian where both visual and verbal elements are considered. Three broad translation approaches have been identified in what concerns the verbal message: Translated message, parallel translation, recreated adverts, and three approaches in dealing with the image: similar images, modified images, completely different images. The thesis shows that where Russian advertisements for perfume products tend to have a message, or create one, this is often lacking in the English copy. The article ends by suggesting that perfume advertisements favor the standardization approach when entering Russian market. The attempts to localize the advert have also been noticed although they are obviously less numerous in perfume adverts and are rather instances of adaptation - a mix between the localization and standardization approaches since they keep drawing on the same globally accepted universals about female beauty and concern for ‘woman’s identity’ (we focused our analysis on products designed for female consumers). This study, complementing previous studies, aims to be a contribution to the description of laws and strategies that guide the translation of advertising texts into Russian.
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Mahadi, Tengku Sepora bt Tengku. "Translation of legal texts from English into Malay : with examples from constitutional and didactic texts." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308630.
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Cheong, Sin Wan. "From language of a HCC to a LCC : a study of Chinese-Eenglish translation of MAM articles." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2525835.
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Prada-González, Lucía I. Brand Dionne. "A translation from English to Spanish of selected chapters from Dionne Brand's 'What we all long for'." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/282/.
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Craven-Bartle, Peltola Cecilia. "Changes in the Syntactic Structure in Translations from English into Swedish." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Humanities, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2130.
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<p>The purpose of this essay is to study how the major syntactic structure is affected when a literary text is translated from English into Swedish. That is, to study what operations take place and the frequency of the different operations in a translation. The purpose is also to see how much the freedom of translation varies between different translators.</p>
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Ngobeni, Mkateko Melidah. "An analysis of zero equivalence in the translation of scientific terms from English into Northern Sotho." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1130.
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Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2013<br>This study entails the translation of scientific terms from English into Northern Sotho. The reason one conducted this study is because translators experience difficulties in finding the correct equivalent terms, especially in Northern Sotho. Consequently, borrowing and transliteration of terms becomes their last resort. However, that does not help users of dictionaries to achieve their communicative goal. The study highlights that, the borrowing of terms leads to language shift and death as users no longer consider other equivalents. In addition, the study indicates that the constant usage of the borrowed terms causes the terms to lose meaning and function. The way in which people translate idiomatic expressions is a huge problem as well. Mostly, people end up using literal translation and subsequently, the whole meaning of a text is lost or misunderstood.
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Cama-Casafranca, Melissa Erika, and Carmen Olivares-Espinoza Lucía Del. "The inca country: Reframing translated news from spanish to english by peruvian news agency andina." Universidad de Antioquia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655951.
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This paper analyses the reframing strategies (Baker, 2006) and transfer of communicational functions (Nord, 2010) in some news translated by state-owned Peruvian News Agency Andina (Agencia Peruana de Noticias Andina) from Spanish to English. This media platform uses translation to expand its readership to foreigners that might be interested in visiting and investing in Peru (Andina, 2016, par. 14), thus helping the nation's economy to grow. The study is based on a bilingual corpus of 114 news articles published in the economics and tourism sections during 2019. The contrastive text analysis showed how Andina reframes the translations to adapt them into a new sociocultural context, reflecting the discourse of the Peru brand. Andina translations reveal the use of reframing strategies to recontextualize events having an impact on Peruvian economy, to herald a "patriotic" discourse that highlights government's achievements, targeting Peruvian readership, and to provide information related to Peruvian tourist attractions. The changes in communicative functions inform change in text type focus in a set of translated news towards a tourism genre.
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Bisiada, Mario. "From hypotaxis to parataxis : an investigation of English-German syntactic convergence in translation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/from-hypotaxis-to-parataxis-an-investigation-of-englishgerman-syntactic-convergence-in-translation(c404ecc5-80a3-46fb-93a6-9e8ad7dc5792).html.
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Guided by the hypothesis that translation is a language contact situation that can influence language change, this study investigates a frequency shift from hypotactic to paratactic constructions in concessive and causal clauses in German management and business writing. The influence of the English SVO word order is assumed to cause language users of German to prefer verb-second, paratactic constructions to verb-final, hypotactic ones. The hypothesis is tested using a 1 million word diachronic corpus containing German translations and their source texts as well as a corpus of German non-translations. The texts date from 1982–3 and 2008, which allows a diachronic analysis of changes in the way English causal and concessive structures have been translated. The analysis shows that in the translations, parataxis is indeed becoming more frequent at the expense of hypotaxis, a phenomenon that, to some extent, also occurs in the non-translations. Based on a corpus of unedited draft translations, it can be shown that translators rather than editors are responsible for this shift. Most of the evidence, however, suggests that the shift towards parataxis is not predominantly caused by language contact with English. Instead, there seems to be a development towards syntactically simpler constructions in this genre, which is most evident in the strong tendency towards sentence-splitting and an increased use of sentence-initial conjunctions in translations and non-translations. This simplification seems to be compensated for, to some extent, by the establishment of pragmatic distinctions between specific causal and concessive conjunctions.
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Kulikauskaitė, Justė. "Issues of Translation of Children's and Youth Literature: Translation of Terry Deary's "Horrible Histories" series from English into Lithuanian." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140717_083611-56358.
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The aim of the paper is to analyse the translations of the chosen novels of Terry Deary’s
Horrible Histories series into Lithuanian and to find out the main problems in children’s and
youth literature translations. The present paper intends to address a pertinent issue
related to the process of translation. The issue that dominates the field of translation is the
lack of attention towards the analysis and criticism of translation. Little research has been
done in order to analyse the translations from the English into Lithuanian language with the
pursuit of improving their quality. In addition, even less is known about the analysis of
children’s and youth literature translations.
The most prominent problems in Terry Deary's "Horrible Histories" translations are the following: Age Level and Appropriate Vocabulary Choice, SL and TL Linguistics and Cultural Context Adaptation,
Equivalence and Fluency, Wordplay and Puns, Intertextuality, Text and Image Relationship,
and Translatability of Proper Names. These problems mainly originate from the systematic
differences of the English and Lithuanian languages, the clash of two diverse cultural realias and especially the usage of the... [to full text]<br>Darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti pasirinktų Terry Deary knygų vertimus iš anglų kalbos ir išsiaiškinti pagrindines vaikų ir jaunimo literatūros vertimo problemas. Dėmesys skiriamas vertimo proceso problematikai.Viena svarbiausių problemų, dominuojančių vertimo srityje yra tai, kad labai mažai dėmesio skiriama vertimų iš anglų į lietuvių kalbą analizei, kuri padėtų pagerinti vertimų kokybę. Dar mažiau yra žinoma apie vaikų ir jaunimo literatūros vertimų analizę. Svarbiausios problemos, dominuojančios Terry Deary "Kraupiosios istorijos" serijoje, yra šios: Skaitytojų amžius ir tinkamas žodynas, originalo ir vertimų lingvistika bei kultūrinio konteksto pritaikymas, ekvivalentiškumas ir sklandumas, žodžių žaismas, intertekstualumas, teksto ir iliustracijų ryšys, tikrinių vardų vertimas. Šios problemos kyla dėl sistematinių anglų ir lietuvių kalbų skirtumų, skirtingų kultūrinių realijų ir, ypač, dėl šnekamosios kalbos originaluose.
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Al-Kharabsheh, Ala Eddin M. A. A. "The translation of different types of technico-scientific compounds from English into Arabic." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26526/.
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This study is an evaluative approach to investigate the scope, problems, and intricacies of translating technico-scientific compounds. The study incorporates a qualitative-quantitative approach in which a descriptive-empirical analysis is endorsed by quantitation. The study, which is the first of its kind, focuses on seven different types of compounds namely, endocentric compounds, compounds containing exocentric determinant unit, verbal compounds, compounds containing lexicalised bound morphemes, metaphoric compounds, rhyming compounds, and phrasal compounds. To capture the reality of translating these types, identify possible relevant difficulties, and provide an authentic data corpus for this study, the researcher devised a questionnaire test that included a set of compounds to be translated into Arabic. This test included forty six diversified English scientific compounds taken from four scientific fields that have been arabicized by JAAL (Jordan Academy of Arabic Language) and AALC (Academy of Arabic Language/ Cairo). These fields include Computer Science (CS), General Electricity T.V. and Radio (GETR), Civil and Architectural Engineering (CAG), and Air-conditioning, Cooling and Sanitary Ware (ACS). The population of the study includes postgraduate translation students in Jordan and the U.K., totalling 58 respondents on the M.A. translation programmes at The University of Salford, UMIST University, The University of Durham, and Yarmouk University (Jordan). The results of the data analysis indicated that the translation of the different types of compounds posed real difficulties and true challenges to translators as it is evident in the statistics which reveal that the overall difficulty for endocentric compound accounted for 85.67%, compounds containing exocentric determinant units 84.81%, verbal compounds 80.63%, compounds containing lexicalised bound morphemes 74.46%, metaphoric compounds 71.17%, rhyming compounds 88.26%, and phrasal compounds 89.64%, with a total overall difficulty of 82.09%. Hence, the respondents encountered four main areas of difficulties: conceptual (semantic), lexical, textual, and stylistic. The study exposed eleven strategies the respondents resorted to in order to overcome the translation difficulties. These cover caique translation, literal translation, idiomatic translation, omission, contraction, transposition, transliteration, expansion, explanation, Naht, and blank. In terms of type of equivalence, the respondents mainly employed four types, namely, formal, functional, ideational, and textual. The data analysis showed that formal equivalence was the most frequently utilized one by the student translators. Furthermore, literal translation, the respondents' poor linguistic competence, the respondents' poor contrastive translation competence, the varying degrees of opaqueness and specialization of compounds, lack of sufficient experience and practice in technical translation are factors found to have given rise to a wide spectrum of misinterpretations and mistranslations. Finally, the study is concluded by suggesting a compound-disambiguation scheme comprised of sequential, discrete, interdependent, and complementary processes; drawing some helpful guidelines for the translation of compounds from the point of view of Arabic and that of English; and drawing some recommendations and suggestions for future research.
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Chakhachiro, Raymond, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, and Faculty of Education. "The translation of irony in Australian political commentary texts from English into Arabic." THESIS_FE_XXX_Chakhachiro_R.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/425.
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The main thesis of this study is that the translation of irony from English into Arabic in commentary texts in Australia is not amenable to traditional translation theories. The way Arabic and English speakers employ irony to express themselves reflects the linguistic and cultural distance between both languages. To tackle this problem, the study ventures into a contrastive analysis with reference to a number of linguistic and non-linguistic devices and concepts. It concentrates on the interpretation and the linguistic realisation of irony in both languages by utilising a number of contemporary linguistic models. The research takes the view that ironic devices are the foundation of the structural development of the texts in question. To demonstrate this, the speech act and conversational theories are used. The interaction between the ironic devices and the text development constitute a framework for the overall rhetorical meaning of the text. After an overview of the relevant literature of translation, contrastive analysis and comparative stylistics, an analysis/translation model is devised and implemented. A thorough contrastive analysis is made of English and Arabic commentary texts. Similarities and differences between the Arabic and English texts are found. Discrepancies were observed in the form, function and the number of ironic devices used in both languages. Based on the findings seven general strategies are proposed for the translation of irony in Australian commentary texts from English into Arabic.<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Haddadian, Moghaddam Esmaeil. "Agency in the translation and production of novels from english in modern iran." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84028.
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Los académicos del campo de la traductología han argumentado que los principales agentes de las traducciones (traductores, editores y los diferentes intermediarios que se encuentran entre los traductores y sus clientes) merecen más atención por parte de la academia. Más aún, es poco lo que saben los académicos no persas sobre la teoría y la práctica de la traducción en el Irán moderno, es decir desde el siglo XIX hasta la actualidad. Los investigadores en el campo de la traductología que usan enfoques sociológicos ahora exploran el concepto de agencia y la agencia de los agentes de la traducción. El Irán moderno, por su contexto geopolítico y socio-cultural específico, es un ejemplo revelador que no solo proporciona un buen entendimiento del papel de los agentes de la traducción y su agencia, sino que también ayuda a comprender las formas como se ejerce esta agencia. Con base en los conceptos de campo, capital y disposición de Pierre Bourdieu, principalmente, y usando también dos principios de la teoría de actor-red de Bruno Latour, esta tesis busca describir y examinar la agencia en la traducción y la producción de novelas en inglés en el Irán moderno. Para realizar este análisis, los traductores y los editores se consideran los agentes principales de la traducción. El estudio plantea tres preguntas principales: quién decide qué se traduce, qué motiva a los traductores y editores a traducir y producir novelas escritas en inglés y qué limita o refuerza su agencia. Estas preguntas se ponen a prueba usando un modelo de agencia de tres capas, que incluye un enfoque de método mixto de estudios históricos y archivísticos, datos cuantitativos sobre el flujo de las traducciones y estudios de caso desarrollados por medio de entrevistas y observación de los participantes. Los resultados, que tienen implicaciones en los campos de la traductología, los estudios iraníes y la industria editorial, muestran que los agentes de traducción han podido ejercer su agencia, a pesar de la complicada naturaleza política de Irán. Asimismo, los traductores iraníes tienen un papel tan importante como el de los editores al momento de elegir las novelas que se van a traducir. Las motivaciones de los agentes de la traducción también varían desde motivos sociales y culturales hasta motivos con una orientación más profesional. Finalmente, diferentes factores textuales y contextuales han limitado la práctica de los agentes de las traducciones. Sin embargo, históricamente los agentes han usado diferentes tipos de estrategias (como exiliarse o traducir los clásicos) para lidiar con estos problemas y con el fin de mantener su posición en el campo editorial en el Irán moderno.<br>Translation Studies (TS) scholars have argued that the main translation agents – translators, publishers, and various intermediaries that come between translators and their clients – deserve more scholarly attention. Moreover, the theory and practice of translation in modern Iran, i.e. from the late nineteenth century to the present time, is little known to non-Persian scholars. TS researchers using sociological approaches to translation are now exploring the concept of agency and the agency of translation agents. Modern Iran, given its specific geo-political and socio-cultural context, is a revealing case in point in providing insight not only into the role of translation agents and their agency, but into understanding the ways they exercise it. Drawing mainly on Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of field, capital, and disposition, and partially on two principles of Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory, this thesis aims at describing and examining agency in the translation and production of novels from English in modern Iran, taking translators and publishers as the main translation agents. The study poses three main questions: who decides what to translate, what motivates translators and publishers to translate and produce novels from English, and what constrains or enhances their agency. These questions are then put into a three-tier model of agency, using a multi-method approach of historical and archival studies, quantitative data on translation flow, and case studies in the form of interviews and participant observation. The findings, with implications for the fields of TS, Iranian Studies, and the publishing industry, show that translation agents have been able to voice their agency, despite the complicated nature of political Iran. Moreover, Iranian translators perform just as important a role in selecting novels for translation as the publishers. The motivations of translation agents also range from social and cultural motives to more professionally oriented ones. Finally, various textual and contextual factors have constrained the translation agents’ practice; nonetheless, they have historically used multiple coping strategies, such as going into exile and translating the classics, in order to maintain their position in the publishing field in modern Iran.
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Papievienė, Laura. "On the Translation of Slang in Melvin Burgess's "Junk" from English into Lithuanian." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080805_140535-19930.
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The aim of this work is to find out how slanguage is translated from English into Lithuanian, identify its effect on the language and compare its frequency in the ST vs the TT. Slanguage items are used all over the world and it is not always possible to translate them directly into the TL or find the exact equivalent for certain slang words because of the differences between languages and cultures. Hence, the translation methods of softening, direct transfers, stylistic compensation are suggested by linguists to solve problems of slang and taboo words translation and to achieve the translation which is linguistically correct and acceptable by the reading audience of the target culture.
The present thesis is divided into six main sections and has fourteen appendices.
Chapter 1 introduces the aim and goals of the research as well as discusses the material and methods that are used in the thesis. In Chapter 2 the term slanguage is defined, its classification is described and the usage of slanguage in the Lithuanian and English cultures is compared paying specific attention towards the use of slang and taboo words in the language. Chapters 3 and Chapter 4 deal with the definitions of terms slang and taboo words, identification of their role and functions in the language as well as presentation of their types in more detail. The main translation problems of slang and taboo words with respect to the cultural and linguistic differences are identified in Section 5.1 of Chapter 5... [to full text]<br>Šio darbo tikslas – sužinoti kaip slengo kalba yra verčiama iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą, nustatyti jo įtaką kalbai bei palyginti slengo kalbos vartojimo dažnį originaliame ir išverstame tekste. Slengo kalba yra naudojama įvairiose pasaulio šalyse, kurių kalbos ir kultūros skiriasi, todėl surasti tinkamos reikšmės žodį verčiant tekstą yra sudėtinga. Lingvistai siūlo naudotis vertimo metodais, kurie padėtų išspręsti vertimo problemas bei padarytų tekstą lingvistiškai teisingą ir priimtiną skaitytojams: sušvelninimas, tiesioginis vertimas, stilistinė kompensacija.
Šis darbas yra sudarytas iš šešių pagrindinių skyrių ir keturiolikos priedų.
Tikslas, uždaviniai, tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai yra aptariami pirmame skyriuje. Antrame skyriuje yra supažindinama su terminu slengo kalba, šios kalbos klasifikacija bei slengo ir taboo žodžių vartojimu lietuvių ir anglų kalbose. Slengas bei taboo žodžiai yra apibrėžiami, jų vartojimas ir funkcijos kalboje yra aptariamos trečiame ir ketvirtame skyriuose. Pirmame penkto skyriaus poskyryje apibūdinama slengo ir taboo žodžių vertimo problemos, atsiradusios dėl kultūrinių ir lingvistinių skirtumų, o antrame poskyryje yra aprašomi vertimo metodai: sušvelninimas, tiesioginis vertimas, stilistinė kompensacija. Šeštame skyriuje yra atliekama slengo kalbos analizė lyginant originalų ir išverstą tekstus.
A priede yra pateikiami sušvelninimo metodo pavyzdžiai, B priede – tiesioginio vertimo pavyzdžiai ir C priede – stilistinės kompensacijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Skomorokhova, Svetlana. ""Arising from the depths" (Kupala) : a study of Belarusian literature in English translation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57199/.
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Using Belarusian as a case study of a ‘minority’ European literature, this thesis explores the role of literary translation in the negotiation and promotion of a national identity (represented by two opposing discourses of “Old/European” and “New/Soviet” ‘Belarusianness’) as accomplished through translation from a lesser-known European tongue into the current global hegemonic language. In so doing, the research provides a wide historical panorama of all known literary translations from Belarusian to English, focusing on those published in the 20th and 21st centuries. While outlining the major tendencies of the translation process, the study considers the issues of both reception (focusing on the TL literary system) and representation (focusing on the negotiation of a Belarusian identity), recognising complex ideological, historical and political processes which accompany and, in many cases, predetermine translations and translation strategies. After examining the available terminology for the description of ‘minority’ in literary theory and translation studies, this research considers Belarus’ position as an Eastern European, post-Soviet country and discusses the case for the adoption of a postcolonial approach to the interpretation of ‘Belarusianness’. Another innovative aspect of the study lies in the contribution of a non-Western perspective to the current discussion of European minority languages in translation studies (Baer 2011; Branchadell and West 2005; Cronin 1995, 2003; Tymoczko 1995, 1999). A pioneering work on the history of Belarusian-English literary translation, this research defines several periods of translation activities: the ‘early’ translations of the 1890s – 1940s which mark the discovery of Belarusian folklore; the translations of the ‘Cold War’ period (1950s – 1980s) with two opposing ‘camps’ producing works provoked by nationalist (Western-based translations) or socialist (Soviet Union) ideologies; and, finally, the current post-independence period of Belarusian-English translation (1991-2012), with an analysis of the reasons for a relative inactivity. The evidence is based on a wide range of translations published as individual books and anthologies of poetry and prose, as well as those found in periodicals. It also includes previously unpublished findings from materials located in personal and national archives in Russia, Belarus, and the UK.
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Chakhachiro, Raymond. "The translation of irony in Australian political commentary texts from English into Arabic." Thesis, View thesis, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/425.
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The main thesis of this study is that the translation of irony from English into Arabic in commentary texts in Australia is not amenable to traditional translation theories. The way Arabic and English speakers employ irony to express themselves reflects the linguistic and cultural distance between both languages. To tackle this problem, the study ventures into a contrastive analysis with reference to a number of linguistic and non-linguistic devices and concepts. It concentrates on the interpretation and the linguistic realisation of irony in both languages by utilising a number of contemporary linguistic models. The research takes the view that ironic devices are the foundation of the structural development of the texts in question. To demonstrate this, the speech act and conversational theories are used. The interaction between the ironic devices and the text development constitute a framework for the overall rhetorical meaning of the text. After an overview of the relevant literature of translation, contrastive analysis and comparative stylistics, an analysis/translation model is devised and implemented. A thorough contrastive analysis is made of English and Arabic commentary texts. Similarities and differences between the Arabic and English texts are found. Discrepancies were observed in the form, function and the number of ironic devices used in both languages. Based on the findings seven general strategies are proposed for the translation of irony in Australian commentary texts from English into Arabic.
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Chakhachiro, Raymond. "The translation of irony in Australian political commentary texts from English into Arabic /." View thesis, 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030715.161818/index.html.
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Tan, Wen Qi. "Case study of Goldblatt's translation of The Garlic Ballads from skopos perspective." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954285.
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Fröderberg, Shaiek Christopher. "Copy of a Copy? : Indirect Translations from Bengali into Swedish Translated via English." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170433.
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This study investigates indirect translations translated from Bengali source texts to Swedish target texts via English intermediary texts by comparing Pedersen’s (2011) Extralinguistic Cultural References in coupled pairs from all three languages. The purpose of this study is to examine how indirect translations differ from direct translations and to discern whether there are specific translation strategies that translators use when transferring Extralinguistic Cultural References (ECRs) from a third language. The results were analyzed with a perspective based on translation norms, previous research into indirect translation, and the concept of foreignization/domestication in mind. The results show that an indirect translation can be closer to the original source text than the intermediary text it was based on in the first place. This was demonstrated with the Swedish TTs displaying more source-oriented transfer strategies compared to the English ITs, which displayed a higher amount of target-oriented strategies used by the translators. An unexpected finding was noted in the analysis material, namely that misunderstandings or deviations present in the ITs were not necessarily transferred to the TTs, which goes against previous research into indirect translations (cf. Dollerup 2000; Tegelberg 2011; Ringmar 2016). This supports similar results as found in Adler (2016) and Hekkanen (2014). In conclusion, the results suggest that the tendency of high-prestige literature resulting in adequate translations would be stronger than the tendency of indirect translations resulting in acceptable translations in the context of the Swedish target system. The source-oriented strategies in the TTs could also be seen as resistancy to target norms by the translators to create foreignizing translations.
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Larsson, Christensen Emma. "Translating sentence openers : An analysis of the potential risk of syntactic interference in a translation from English to Swedish." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53556.
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In this paper the changes that occur in the translation of initial sentence elements regarding clause element function as well as thematic structure are analyzed. The first part of the aim is to investigate how these functions and structures change in translation. The second part of the aim is to analyze the potential risk of syntactic interference from using thematic or word order solutions that are too close to the SL or too uncommon in the TL. To answer this the source text and translated text were divided by individual sentences and categorized by word order, thematic structure and differences between ST and TT. The results were compared to previous research by mainly Altenberg (1998) and Hasselgård (1998), with additional use of primarily Bohnacker (2010), Munday (2012) and Tirkkonen-Condit (2014) for further definitions of syntactical interference. The quantitative results suggested that there may be syntactical interference. This can be found mainly in the lack of ASV→SV word order structures, possibly due to a fear of deviating too far from the ST structure, and by an abundant use of formal subject (det), due to overcompensating by using TL specific structures that are perceived as common. However, it is not easy to find examples of translationese in syntax from only a cursory glance and the in-depth qualitative analysis was necessary for this conclusion.
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Haroon, Haslina. "The publication of Malay literary works in English translation : problems of translating from a language of limited diffusion (LLD)." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2924/.
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This thesis addresses the issue of the publication of translations, specifically the under-representation of literary works in one language of limited diffusion (LLD), the Malay language, in English translation. It sets out to examine the role of two parties which are thought to play a vital role in the publication of Malay literary works in English translation for international consumption: publishers in the United Kingdom and the translation organisation in Malaysia. The aim of the research, more specifically, is to investigate how both parties bear upon the translation of Malay literary works into English. Some of the questions which are central to the issue of the publication of Malay literary works in English translation include: To what extent are the two parties involved in the publication of Malay literary works in English translation for international consumption? What are the policies of these organisations where the translation of Malay literary works and other literary works in LLD are concerned? Who decides what to translate? What factors are taken into account in deciding what to publish in English translation? Given that this thesis sets out to examine the role of the two parties mentioned above, two main strategies have been employed: surveys and case studies. Drawing on responses from individuals from publishing companies, translation organisations, and other organisations which support translation, I have been able to show that the problem in the publication of Malay literary works in English translation is not merely a translation problem but also a problem of image and promotion. This study thus details the different forces working against the translation of Malay literary works into English for international consumption.
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Torstensson, Elisabeth. "Translating culture- specific phenomena and names from English to Swedish : A case study of a walking guide text." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20422.
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The present study discusses some of the culture-specific and name issues encountered during a translation from English into Swedish of the walking guide Leisure walks for all ages - The Lake District. Peter Newmark’s model of translation procedures forms the basis for the analysis and a variety of his translation procedures are examined in relation to the two specific aspects – culture-specific phenomena and names. The results show in reference to culture-specific phenomena that whenever a cultural word in the source text did not seem to have an established translation in the target language, either the cultural equivalent-, functional equivalent-, descriptive equivalent- or the additions translation procedure were used. With reference to names, Newmark’s transference translation procedure was used. If the name merely served as a label or was likely to be understood by the target reader transference alone was used. However, when the purpose of the name was to explain the way or a place, or if it was likely that the geographical feature might be unknown to the target reader, transference was used with a classifier. : culture,
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Leonardi, Vanessa. "Gender and ideology in translation : do women and men translate differently? : a contrastive investigation of translations from Italian into English." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402535.
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Tan, Juan. "Adapting for intended functions : a study of tourist publicity translation from a functiomal perspective." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1637019.
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Kwok, Wai Hung, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, and Faculty of Education and Languages. "Some linguistic devices in legal English that cause problems to the translation of legislative texts from English to Chinese." THESIS_FEL_XXX_Kwok_W.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/400.
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Legal draftsmen achieve the dual characteristics of thel egislative genre, viz. precision and all-inclusiveness, by the use of various linguistic devices, among which are (i) common words with uncommon meanings; (ii) binomial and multinominal expressions; (iii) nominalization; and (iv) qualifications. Whilst these four devices are very effective for their intended purpose, they often cause lexical, semantic or syntactic problem in the comprehension and translation of texts. This thesis explores, by analysis of the corpus, the different nature and extent of such problems caused by the above four devices in the translation of legislative texts from English to Chinese. Analyses in the thesis reveal that translation problems caused by the first two of the four devices mentioned above are mainly lexical in nature, though binomials contained in qualifications may sometimes also lead to semantic ambiguity. Translation problems arising from the use of nominalization or the use of qualifications are primarily semantic in nature, and are basically a problem of handling the various semantic units in the clauses. They can occur in both the comprehension stage and the actual rendering stage of the translation process. In the former, the problem lies in the difficulty in unpacking the various semantic units in the clauses, especially in the syntactically interrupted clauses where syntactic discontinuities are caused by the use of qualifications. in the latter, the difficulty lies in the syntactic re-arrangement of those units in the target language text in a manner syntactically acceptable to the target language while strictly in accordance with each semantic relationship intended by the source language text. Both the use of nominalization and the use of qualifications also give rise to some lexical problems. The analyses in the thesis also highlights some of the linguistic and extra-linguistic pre-requisites for a translator of legislative texts, for whom a good common sense and sufficient basic legal knowledge are as important as an extremely high level of proficiency in both the source language and the target language.<br>Master of Arts (Translation and Linguistics)